w.e.f.

Academic Year 2009-10 ‘E’ Scheme

Course Name : Mechanical Engineering

Course code : ME/MH
Semester : Fourth
Subject title : Thermal Engineering
Subject code : 12092
Teaching and Examination Scheme

Teaching Scheme Examination Scheme

PAPER
TH TU PR TH PR OR TW TOTAL
HRS
04 -- 02 03 100 -- 25# 25@ 150

NOTE:

Two tests each of 25 marks to be conducted as per the schedule given by MSBTE.

Total of tests marks for all theory subjects are to be converted out of 50 and to
be entered in mark sheet under the head Sessional Work. (SW)

Rationale:
Mechanical engineers have to work with various power producing & power absorbing
devices like boilers, turbines, compressors, pumps etc. In order to understand the principles,
construction & working of these devices, it is essential to understand the concept of energy,
work, heat & conversion between them .Hence it is important to study the subject of Thermal
Engineering which is a core subject. It includes the study of various sources of energy, basic
laws & concept of thermodynamics, gas laws, properties of steam & generation. Heat transfer
forms the basis for different power engineering application. Boilers find application in
different process industries. Steam turbines and condensers are the major component of any
steam power plant. Mechanical engineer should understand working and application of these
devices.

Objectives: The Students should be able to:

1. Know various sources of energy & their applications.
2. Apply fundamental concepts of thermodynamics to thermodynamic systems.
3. Understand various laws of thermodynamics.
4. Apply various gas laws & ideal gas processes to various thermodynamic systems.
5. Calculate properties of two phase system by using steam tables/ mollier charts.
6. Explain construction & working of boilers, mountings & accessories.

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 w.e.f. Academic Year 2009-10 ‘E’ Scheme

Learning Structure:

Understanding, analyzing & applying various aspects of thermal engineering

in practical application area in relation with operation and maintenance of
Application
energy conversion devices like IC engines, Boilers, Compressors,
Refrigeration Systems.

Analyze, understand energy Analyze, understand

conversion devices like IC various power generation
Procedure engines, boilers, etc devices like thermal, hydro
electric, nuclear, & gas
turbine types

Gas Laws, Laws of steady flow energy

Principles Thermodynamics equation

System, properties, state, process, Thermodynamic cycle,

Concept pure substance, P, V, H, entropy, efficiencies,
s steam thermodynamic work

Boilers, compressors, condensers, steam & gas turbines, refrigeration

Facts systems, Solar system etc

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Contents: Theory

Chapter Name of the Topic Hours Marks

Sources of energy
1.1 Brief description of energy sources
- Classification of energy sources
- Renewable, Non-Renewable
1.2 Fossil fuels, including CNG, LPG.
1.3 Solar
- Flat plate and concentrating collectors & its
1. 08 10
application.
- Solar Water Heater
- Photovoltaic Cell, Solar Distillation.
1.4 Wind, Tidal, Geothermal
1.5 Biogas, Biomass, Bio-diesel
1.6 Hydraulic, Nuclear
1.7 Fuel cell – list of fuel cells
Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
2.1 Concepts of pure substance, types of systems , properties
of systems, Extensive and Intensive properties with units
and conversion like P, V, ρ And temperature. Point
function and path function.
2.2 Work and Energy
- Thermodynamic definition of work, heat, difference
between heat and work, P.E., K.E, Internal Energy, Flow
work, concepts of enthalpy, entropy.
2.3 Laws of Thermodynamic
2. - Zeroth Law, Temperature measurement, principle of 12 20
energy conservation, irreversibility, Second Law of
Thermodynamics, Kelvin Plank, Clausius statements and
their equivalence, Concept of perpetual
motion machine 1 and 2.
2.4 Application of Thermodynamic laws
- Steady Flow Energy equation and its application to open
system like boiler, engine, nozzle, turbine, compressor &
condenser.
2.5 Application of Second law to Heat Engine, Heat Pump and
Refrigerator.
Ideal Gases
3.1 Concept of Ideal gas, Charle’s law, Boyle’s law,
Avogadro’s law, equation of state, Characteristic gas
constant and universal gas constant.
3. 08 14
3.2 Ideal gas processes: -
- Isobaric, Isochoric, Isothermal, Adiabatic, Polytropic,
Isentropic with representation of the processes on P-V and
T-S diagram (only simple numericals)
Steam and Steam Boiler
4.1 Generation of steam at constant pressure with
4. 14 22
representation on various charts such as T-H, T-S, H-S, P-
H. Properties of steam and use of steam table, Quality of

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steam and its determination with Separating, throttling and

combined Separating and throttling calorimeter (no
numerical).
4.2 Vapour process : -
- constant pressure, constant volume, constant enthalpy,
constant entropy (numericals using steam table and
Mollier chart), Rankine Cycle
4.3 Steam Boilers: -
- Classification of boilers.
- Construction and working of
- Cochran, Babcock and Wilcox, La-mont and Loeffler
boiler. Boiler draught natural and Mechanical.
4.4 Boiler mounting and accessories [to be covered in
practical].
Steam Turbines and Condensers
5.1 Steam nozzle: -
- Continuity equation, types of nozzles, concept of Mach
number, critical pressure, application of steam nozzles.
5.2 Steam turbine: -
- Classification of turbines, Construction and working of
Impulse and Reaction turbine.
5.3 Compounding of turbines, Regenerative feed heating,
bleeding of steam, nozzle control governing (no velocity
5. 12 22
diagrams and numerical).
5.4 Steam condenser: -
- Dalton’s law of partial pressure, function and
classification of condensers, construction and working of
surface condensers.
5.5 Sources of air leakage, concept of condenser efficiency,
vacuum efficiency (no numerical).
5.6 Cooling Towers.
- Force draught, natural draught and induced draught.
Heat Transfer
6.1 Modes of heat transfer: -
- Conduction, convection and radiation.
6.2 Conduction by heat transfer
- Fourier’s law, thermal conductivity, conduction through
cylinder, thermal resistance, composite walls, combined
conduction and convection (Simple numerical)
6. 10 12
6.3 Heat transfer by Radiation: -
- Thermal Radiation, Absorptivity, Transmissivity,
Reflectivity, Emissivity, black and gray bodies, Stefan-
Boltzman law.
6.4 Heat Exchangers: -
- Shell and tube, plate type, multiphase heat exchangers.
Materials Used and applications of heat exchangers.
Total 64 100

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Practical:
Skills to be Developed
Intellectual Skill:
1. Understand different sources of energy and their applications.
2. Understand various concepts and fundamentals of thermodynamics.
3. Understand concepts and laws of ideal gasses.
4. Understand vapour processes, steam boilers and different mountings and
accessories.
5. Understand modes of heat transfer and concept of heat exchanges.
6. Interpret steam tables, mollier chart and relationship between different
thermodynamic properties.

Motor Skills:
1. Collect and write technical specifications of photovoltaic cells and identify
different components on panels of photovoltaic cells.
2. Conduct trial on the setup for calculation of thermal conductivity of metal rod
3. Trace path of flue gases and water steam circuit in a boiler.
4. Conduct trial on solar water heating system.

List of practical:
1. Collection of technical data and specification of photovoltaic cell by referring to
manufacturers’ catalogues.
2. Study and Trial on solar water heating system.
3. Report on visit to wind power generation plant / biogas plant / hydraulic power
plant.
4. Trace the flue gas path and water-steam circuit with the help of boiler model and
write a report.
5. Report on visit to sugar factory / Dairy / steam power plant with specifications of
boiler and list of mountings and accessories.
6. Calculation of thermal conductivity of a solid metallic rod.
7. Verification of Stefan-Boltzman’s law
8. Study and compare various heat exchangers such as radiators, evaporators,
condensers, plate heat exchangers etc.
9. Numericals on vapour processes and ideal gas processes (minimum two problems
on each)

Learning Resources:
Books:
Sr.
Author Title Publication
No.
01 Domkundwar V. M. A Course in Thermal Engineering Dhanpat Rai & Co.
02 P. L. Ballaney A Course in Thermal Engineering Khanna Publishers
A text book of Thermal
03 R. S. Khurmi S. Chand & co. Ltd.
Engineering.
04 R. K. Rajput A Course in Thermal Engineering Laxmi Publication, Delhi
Patel and
05 Heat Engine Vol. - I & II Acharya Publication
Karmchandani
06 P. K. Nag Engineering Thermodynamics Tata McGraw Hill
07 B. K. Sarkar Thermal Engineering Tata McGraw Hill

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