Smart Logistics in The Development of Smart Cities

Smart Logistics
in the development of Smart Cities

Industrial revolutions
I industrial revolution
scan by Norbert Kaiser, Domena publiczna,

https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3762037
II industrial revolution
http://www.newton.mec.edu/brown/te/ALTERNATIVE_FUE
L/TIMELINE/timeline.html
III industrial revolution
https://motoryzacja.interia.pl/wiadomosci/producenci/news-automatyzacja-produkcji-
nie-musi-oznaczac-zwolnien,nId,2451234
IV industrial revolution
https://www.kierunekchemia.pl/Resources/ar/51001/51129/150762849244e004.jpg
The research problems
 What are the objectives and tasks of Smart

Logistics in Industrie 4.0?
 What are the possibilities to use Smart

Logistics in Smart Cities?
http://www.portalspozywczy.pl/technologie/wiadomosci/czwarta-
rewolucja-przemyslowa-jest-sie-czego-bac,125214.html
Industrie 4.0
Industrie 4.0 is a collective term for technologies and
concepts of value chain organization. Within the
modular structured Smart Factories of Industrie 4.0,
CPS monitor physical processes, create a virtual copy
of the physical world and make decentralized
decisions. Over the IoT, CPS communicate and
cooperate with each other and humans in real time.
Via the IoS, both internal and cross-organizational
services are offered and utilized by participants of the
value chain.
M. Herman, T. Pentek and B. Otto, 2016
©123RF/PICSEL
Internet of Things (IoT)
Kevin Ashton: Today computers – and, therefore,

the Internet – are almost wholly dependent on
human beings for information …… (RFID Journal)
By Larry D. Moore, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44613882

IoT solutions
 (Smart) environment
 (Smart) water management
 (Smart) industry
 (Smart) production
 (Smart) transport
+ Smart Logistics
 (Smart) energy
 (Smart) cities
 (Smart) buildings
 (Smart) apartments
 (Smart) life
O. Vermes, P. Friess (2016), K. Witkowski (2017) https://www.arcweb.com/sites/default/files/Images/hero-images/smart-city-1200px.gif
Review of literature
A review of the literature was conducted taking into
consideration the formulated research questions and the
systematic review procedure considering initial search, full
search and collection of literature, extractions and assessment
of the evidence collected, a synthesis and an analysis of the
results as well as reporting and dissemination of the results.
The review focused on the definition of the notion examined
and the scope of applications in the economic practice. In the
search phase, the method of free-text searching was used by
searching the Google Scholar database and using the
following key words: Smart Logistics, Industrie 4.0
(Industry and Industrie).
Review of the definitions
of Smart Logistics
 decentralized decision-making (delegation of decision

power to individual system elements)
 autonomy (in Decision-making)
 interaction (induce reactions after communication with
other system elements and elements outside the system)
 heterarchy (fewer superordinate and subordinate
relationship between logistic elements, increasing
independency between system elements and a central
coordinating entity)
 non-determinism (system behaviour is non-predictable)
Wind K., Hülsmann M. (2007)
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CdGIDE3XIAA63eU.jpg
of Smart Logistics
 Smart Logistics embraces Smart Services as well as Smart Product within Logistics
 Smart Logistics is derived from a technology driven approach, and thereby subject to change
 Smart Logistics frees humans from (control) activities that can be delegated to Smart
Products and Services
 Smart Logistics are invisible and calm and can, therefore, be described as transparent https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CdGIDE3X
IAA63eU.jpg
 Smart Logistics are connected, thus they communicate and possibly interact with their
environment
 Smart Logistics facilitate state-of-the-art. (innovative and available) data processing (which
may include, but do not require, software agents)
 Smart Logistics integrate existing logistic technologies, such as material handling systems,
and enable these to react and act in a correspondingly smart manner
 Smart Logistics include state-of-the-art. billing, payment or licensing as integral component
Uckelmann D. (2008)
of Smart Logistics
Smart Logistics – solutions for supply chain

traceability, brand protection (anti-counterfeiting,
prevention of grey markets), cold chain monitoring,
fleet management (truck localisation and
monitoring of its conditions), and safety and
security within logistics facilities.
Miragliotta G., Perego A., Tumino A., (2012)
of Smart Logistics
Smart logistics consists of a number of activities

that contribute towards desired goals. These
activities can be mapped to an enterprise architecture
(EA) that in turn facilitates a gap analysis. EA allows
enterprise to devise a step-wise plan towards smarter
logistic services.
Singh P.M., van Sinderen M.J, Wieringa R.J. (2017) https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CdGIDE3XIAA63eU.jpg
SL objectives and tasks
SL objectives and tasks may be viewed from

three fundamental and mutually permeable
perspectives: policy (economic and social),
the entrepreneur and the consumer.
Connection of logistics policy with government policies.

SL objectives and tasks
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CdGI
DE3XIAA63eU.jpg
Winners obtain and analyze more data from online retailers, helping them better understand online shoppers.
McKinsey Global Institute (2018)
Smart Logistics in Smart Cities
1. Distribution and logistics models for operators
2. Capacity sharing
3. Infrastructure development
4. Use of advanced information technologies
5. Promotion of greener – environmental friendly ways of transport
https://pbs.twimg.com/medi
a/CdGIDE3XIAA63eU.jpg
6. Access control (permanent)

7. Regulations on enabling activities
8. Enforcement
9. Routing optimization
10. Training
Papoutsis & Nathanail (2015) and Nathanail (et al., 2016)
Conclusions
SL application permits the following among others:
 predict the occurrence of problem situations and to

minimize their impact in a given area
 coordinate resources for the effective achievement

of the accepted objectives
 eliminate communication barriers between the

involved stakeholders/elements in supply chains
Conclusions
Data obtained from different sources should be detailed,

measurable and collected in real time; there must be a
possibility to aggregate it, and it should be able to present
information in various formats.
Furthermore, the process of data transformation should be

automated to the highest extent possible. Bearing it in mind
that SL and SC equipped with sophisticated technology do
not serve themselves but stakeholders, solutions need to be
created which will lend sense to data collected.
Conclusions
Cyber – Physical Systems (CPS), the Internet of

Things (IoT) as well as adapted (equipped with
appropriate tools) and prepared entities (participants of
the market play: public authorities, companies, people)
constitute the SL core.
Conclusions
The directions of the further SL development are connected with the

accepted models of the economic and social policy (in spite of aiming at
the sustainable development of the world, the diversified approach e.g.
on the part of China, the United States, the EU, India is not to be ignored
that is related to the issues of the direction, pace, expenditures etc.
connected with the development of economies and societies. In this case,
SL with its contents will offer a response to the demand of economies
and societies adequately to the pace of development and financial and in-
kind contributions designated in this area.
Jerzy Korczak
Faculty of Economic Science
Koszalin University of Technology, Poland
[email protected]
Kinga Kijewska
Faculty of Engineering and Economics of Transport, Department of
Logistics and Transport Systems
Maritime University of Szczecin , Poland

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Smart Logistics

in the development of Smart Cities

scan by Norbert Kaiser, Domena publiczna,

III industrial revolution

 What are the objectives and tasks of Smart

 What are the possibilities to use Smart

Kevin Ashton: Today computers – and, therefore,

By Larry D. Moore, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44613882

 decentralized decision-making (delegation of decision

Smart Logistics – solutions for supply chain

Smart logistics consists of a number of activities

SL objectives and tasks may be viewed from

Connection of logistics policy with government policies.

6. Access control (permanent)

SL application permits the following among others:

 predict the occurrence of problem situations and to

 coordinate resources for the effective achievement

 eliminate communication barriers between the

Data obtained from different sources should be detailed,

Furthermore, the process of data transformation should be

Cyber – Physical Systems (CPS), the Internet of

The directions of the further SL development are connected with the

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