Surface Mining Products Services and Reference Guide 2016

Surface Mining
Products, Services and

Reference Guide
Contents
n Services 4
n Bulk Explosives 5
n Packaged Explosives 21
n Initiation Systems 29
n Blasting Accessories 45
n Explosive Delivery Systems 47
n Reference 49
Why do companies
come to Dyno Nobel
for groundbreaking
solutions?
Dyno Nobel is a global leader in commercial explosives and blast design. One of our
core strengths is our understanding of the processes and challenges that impact on the
mining industry. We leverage our decades of industry experience to meet and exceed
customer expectations.
We can draw upon our global resources to provide our customers with fully tailored
solutions that can make a positive difference to your project.
Our team work with mining companies to solve highly complex problems and they can
help you too. Dyno Nobel has the people, the resources and the experience to deliver
®
Groundbreaking Performance .
Dyno Nobel is a business of Incitec Pivot Limited (IPL), an S&P/ASX Top 50 company
listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX). Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific provides a
full range of industrial explosives, related products and services to customers in Australia,
Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Turkey, Latin America, the United States and Canada.
Services
Consulting services Tailored training courses
S E R V I C E S
DynoConsult®, the specialist consulting division of Dyno Nobel backs up its innovative product offering with
Dyno Nobel, aims to improve customer performance. world class support for our customers.
Its resources include a team of experienced professionals To reinforce safe practices and upskill technical
with local and international experience in open cut proficiency, Dyno Nobel offers a full range of training
mining processes. courses including the widely respected Optimal Blasting
Techniques for Surface Mining. Surface Mining Courses
DynoConsult is a high-technology group that can
are specifically customised for coal mining applications
plan and implement an onsite review and importantly,
and metalliferous mining applications.
recommend process improvements.
Its focus is on outcomes that make a fundamental and

positive difference, adding value where it counts the most
– your bottom line.
Research & Technology
New ideas in design and development and cutting-edge
As a DynoConsult client, you benefit from partnering with
technology are what you should expect from a global
a group that invests in its people and has the resources leader in explosives and blasting services. The combined
and the vision to deliver results. experience and expertise of the teams within Dyno
Nobel’s Research & Technology Centres will ensure we
The DynoConsult team offers specialised technical
continue to provide technology-based solutions for the
solutions across mining segments to optimise your mine
mining industry.
processes. These include:
Minimising Ore Dilution. By monitoring and modeling

the ore body movements during a blast, DynoConsult has
developed techniques to significantly minimise dilution.
Customer Relations
Our Customer Relations team are trained to undertake
Limits Blasting and Final Wall Control. DynoConsult
and oversee order placement and process invoices.
has a range of tools and models to measure and predict
blast damage. These are used to implement the most For your convenience, orders can be placed by phone,
effective blasting techniques to minimise blast damage fax or email.
for different rock masses. Telephone Toll Free: 1800 251 872
Optimising Fragmentation for Mine to Mill Application.
TM
Facsimile: +61 7 3026 3999
DynoConsult offers Mine to Mill blasting solutions
which quantify the leverage that blast results have on E-mail: [email protected]
different downstream processes and then recommends
improvements to help optimise the overall performance of
the mine.
Drill and Blast Auditing and Improvement Projects.

DynoConsult has a suite of audit tools to account for the
differing nature of drill and blast operations across our
industry. An integral part of this work is the auditing of drill
and blast practices, to provide a baseline from which to
measure improvement and assess progress against KPIs
set as part of the project.
Coal Loss and Damage. DynoConsult has the experience

and expertise to analyse the mechanisms of coal loss and
coal fines generated from overburden blasting.
4
We are well known for our invention of dynamite.
We followed this with the introduction of bulk slurry
explosive and then packaged and bulk emulsions.
Dyno Nobel manufactures and has access to

ammonium nitrate at strategic locations throughout
the Asia Pacific region, ensuring we can meet your
product needs.
5
ANFO (Bulk)
Reactive Ground Conditions
ANFO is not designed for use in reactive (pyritic) ground
conditions. For applications in reactive ground conditions
please consult your Dyno Nobel representative.
E X P L O S I V E S
Ground Temperature
ANFO is suitable for use in ground with a temperature
range of 0°C to a maximum of 55°C. For applications in
ground with temperatures outside this range, consult your
Dyno Nobel representative.
Description
ANFO is a nominal 94:6 (%wt) blend of porous ammonium Shelf Life
nitrate prill (Detaprill®) and fuel oil. It is a dry, free flowing ANFO has a maximum shelf life of six (6) months
bulk explosive; formulated to ensure the appropriate dependent on temperature and humidity conditions.
oxygen balance providing optimal energy and sensitivity. Storage in a high humidity and high temperature
environment will accelerate product breakdown and
B U L K
Application should be avoided. Signs of ANFO degradation are

ANFO has a wide variety of applications in dry hole hardening or caking which can lead to difficulty in loading
blasting conditions. It is one of the most cost efficient and as a result, may lead to poor blasting performance.
blasting agents available for use in small, medium or large
diameter applications. When pneumatically loaded, ANFO Packaging
may also be used effectively in underground development ANFO is available in bulk, through specialised delivery
and tunnelling applications. systems.
Features and Benefits

Properties Poured Blow Loaded
ANFO provides excellent heave energy compared with
explosives that contain a high emulsion content. The Density (g/cm )3 1
0.82 0.95
low bulk density of ANFO provides excellent charge Min Diameter (mm) 75 25
distribution throughout the blasthole. Energy (MJ/kg) 2 3.7 3.7
Priming Requirements Typical VoD (m/sec) 3
2500 – 4500 2000 – 4000
It is recommended that ANFO should be primed with RWS 4
100 100
a cast booster for all hole diameters. Depending on RBS 5
100 116
the application, ANFO may be primed with a suitable
Recommended Max 6 Weeks
diameter detonator sensitive cartridge explosive
Sleep Time 6
(Powermite® Pro). For specific priming requirements,
please consult your Dyno Nobel representative. 1 Values are indicative average densities only, determined under
laboratory conditions by Dyno Nobel technical personnel at Dyno Nobel.
Additional boosters should be used when the column
Observed densities may differ or vary under field conditions. Nominal in
height exceeds 10 metres or where there is risk of hole density only.
column disruption. 2 All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary Dyno
Nobel thermodynamic code – PRODET. Other programs may give
Maximum Hole Depth different values.
3 These results represent a range of Velocities of Detonation (VoDs)
ANFO can be detonated successfully in depths up to collected from numerous Dyno Nobel blast sites through the Asia
75m. Pacific region over a period of time. The VoD actually recorded in use is
dependant upon many factors, including: the initiation system used, the
product density, blasthole diameter and ground confinement.
Sleep Time 4 Relative Weight Strength (RWS) and Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) are
Under normal conditions in dry and stemmed blastholes, determined using a density of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg for
ANFO.
ANFO may be slept for periods up to six (6) weeks. The 5 RBS is dependant on the final density of the product at the time of
sleep time may be limited to the recommended sleep loading.
time of the initiating system. The presence of water will 6 The Recommended Maximum Sleep Time (RMST) in ideal conditions
(dry, stemmed, non reactive ground), is up to 6 weeks. The presence of
dramatically reduce the sleep time. For applications water will dramatically reduce the sleep time. For more information or for
where unusual or specific conditions exist please consult applications where unusual or specific conditions exist, please contact
your local Dyno Nobel representative for advice. your Dyno Nobel representative.
Water Resistance
ANFO has zero water resistance.
6
Detaprill®
Properties
Bulk Density Loose Poured (g/cm3) 0.72 – 0.78
Ammonium Nitrate (%wt) 99.0
Fuel Oil Retention (%wt) >6.00
E X P L O S I V E S
Moisture Content (%wt) <0.20
Prill pH (10% solution) 5.0 ± 0.5
Mean Prill Diameter (mm) 1.80 – 2.20
Description Prills smaller than 1 mm (%) 1±1
Detaprill is a porous prilled form of ammonium nitrate.

The prills are uniform in size and readily absorb fuel
oil, ensuring effective mixing with other blasting agent
ingredients. An anticaking agent is used to coat each
prill to maintain free flowing characteristics and avoid
B U L K
agglomeration.
Application
Detaprill ammonium nitrate prills are mixed with liquid
hydrocarbons (usually fuel oil) to form a blasting agent
called ANFO. To obtain optimal detonation performance
with ANFO, it is necessary that the fuel oil be uniformly
mixed with the prills.

Detaprill ammonium nitrate prill is not a Class 1
Dangerous Good (explosive), reducing storage, handling
and transportation risks. The free flowing characteristics
of Detaprill ammonium nitrate prill allow for optimal bulk
handling of this product.
Priming Requirements
Priming requirements are application, diameter and rock
type dependent. Please consult your local Dyno Nobel
representative for priming requirements best suited to
your application.
Water Resistance
Detaprill nitrate prills have zero water resistance.

Detaprill nitrate prills are not designed for use in reactive
(pyritic) ground conditions. For applications in reactive
ground conditions please consult your local Dyno Nobel
representative.
Ground Temperature
Detaprill nitrate prills are suitable for use in ground with
a temperature range of 0°C to a maximum of 55°C. For
applications in ground with temperatures outside this
range, consult your Dyno Nobel representative.
Packaging
Detaprill nitrate prills are available in bulk, through
specialised delivery systems.
7
BlastLite®
Ground Temperature
BlastLite bulk explosive is suitable for use in ground with
a temperature range of 0°C to a maximum of 55°C. For
applications in ground with temperatures outside this
range, consult your Dyno Nobel representative.
E X P L O S I V E S
Packaging
BlastLite bulk explosive is available in bulk, through
specialised delivery systems.
Description
BlastLite bulk explosive is a dry, free flowing product Properties
comprised of porous ammonium nitrate prill (Detaprill®) Density (g/cm3) 1 0.53 – 0.59
and brown fibrous bulking agent. It is delivered as an
Recommended Minimum Diameter (mm) 165
augered product from a specifically designed bulk
delivery truck. Energy (MJ/kg) 2
3.2
B U L K
Water Resistance 3
Nil
Application
Recommended Maximum Sleep Time 4
2 weeks
BlastLite bulk explosive is used as an ANFO replacement
in soft to medium strength rock masses. BlastLite bulk RWS 5
87
explosive can only be used in dry or dewatered blastholes RBS 5 59
in non-reactive ground.

Hole Diameter Density Booster VoD (m/sec)
BlastLite bulk explosive has both a lower density and (mm) (g/cm3)
lower bulk strength than ANFO. The lower density allows
200 0.56 HDP 400 2100 6
reduced powder factors to be employed and the lower
bulk strength allows improved explosive distribution to 203 0.56 HDP 400 2700 – 3200 7
be achieved. BlastLite bulk explosive is useful where 211 0.56 HDP 400 2800 – 3400 7
heave energy is preferable to shock energy. BlastLite bulk 1 In hole density is dependent on hole depth and loading rate.
explosive has a lower Velocity of Detonation (VoD) than 2 All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary
ANFO in similar blasthole diameters. Dyno Nobel thermodynamic code – Prodet. Other programs may give
different values.
3 Water resistance is determined using laboratory testing methods.
Priming Requirements 4 Under normal conditions in dry, stemmed, non-reactive (pyritic)
BlastLite bulk explosive is booster sensitive and a blastholes, BlastLite bulk explosive may be slept for a period of up to
two (2) weeks. The sleep time may be limited to the recommended sleep
minimum HDP 400 (400g) primer is recommended. time of the initiating system. For applications where unusual or specific
Smaller booster types may reduce the performance of the conditions exist please consult your local Dyno Nobel representative.
explosive. Additional boosters should be used when the 5 Relative Weight Strength (RWS) and Relative Bulk Strength (RBS)
determined using a density of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg for
column height exceeds 10 to 15 metres or where there is ANFO and a density of 0.56g/cm3 for BlastLite bulk explosive.
risk of column disruption. For specific priming requirements 6 VoD recorded using a continuous VoD method, in unconfined
please contact your Dyno Nobel representative. conditions. VoD for non-ideal explosives is a function of borehole
diameter, product density and confinement conditions. These figures are
indicative only and represent the unconfined conditions used in the test.
Sleep Time
Typically the product will shoot at higher VoDs as the borehole diameter
Under normal conditions in dry, stemmed blastholes, and confinement increase.
7 VoD recorded using a continuous VoD method, on a customer site. The
BlastLite bulk explosive may be slept for a period up
VoD recorded is indicative of the conditions at that site, and will vary
to two (2) weeks. The sleep time may be limited to the due to variations in confinement from site to site.
recommended sleep time of the initiating system. For
applications where unusual or specific conditions exist
please contact your Dyno Nobel representative.
Water Resistance
BlastLite bulk explosive has zero water resistance.

BlastLite bulk explosive is not designed for use in reactive
(pyritic) ground conditions. For applications in reactive
ground conditions please consult your Dyno Nobel
representative.
8
TITAN® BlastLite®
Ground Temperature
TITAN BlastLite blends are suitable for use in ground with
a temperature of 0°C to a maximum of 55°C.
Confined Conditions
E X P L O S I V E S
TITAN BlastLite is a high heave, low VoD product suitable
for softer material including porous strata. Where a shot
is fired under confined conditions, slow venting of post
detonation gases may occur.
Description Packaging
TITAN BlastLite blends are comprised of blends of ANFO TITAN BlastLite is available in bulk, through specialised
manufactured using porous ammonium nitrate prill delivery systems.
(Detaprill®), TITAN emulsion and brown fibrous bulking
agent. The low density products are for use in dry or
dewatered holes, and are delivered as augered products Properties Titan BlastLite 30 Titan BlastLite 55
B U L K
from a specifically designed bulk delivery truck. Density (g/cm3) 1 0.85 1.15
Application Rec. Min. Diameter (mm) 152 152
TITAN BlastLite blends are used as a Heavy ANFO Energy (MJ/kg) 2
3.06 2.80
replacement in soft to medium strength rock masses. Water Resistance 3
Nil Nil
TITAN BlastLite blends may be used only in dry or Rec. Sleep Time 4 2 weeks 2 weeks
dewatered blastholes in non-reactive ground.
RWS 5 83.0 76.0
Features and Benefits RBS 5
86.0 106.6
TITAN BlastLite blends are useful where heave energy Typical VoD (m/sec) 6
3500 – 3650 3500 – 4000
is preferable to shock energy. The lower emulsion
1 In hole density is dependent on hole depth and loading rate.
component in TITAN BlastLite 30 provides a lower relative
2 All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary
bulk strength than ANFO, optimising blasting in soft rock. Dyno Nobel thermodynamic code – Prodet. Other programs may give
TITAN BlastLite blends have a lower Velocity of Detonation different values.
3 Water Resistance determined using laboratory testing methods.
(VoD) than ANFO in similar blasthole diameters.
4 Under normal conditions in dry, stemmed, non-reactive (pyritic)
blastholes, TITAN BlastLite may be slept for a period of up to two (2)
Priming Requirements weeks. The sleep time may be limited to the recommended sleep time
TITAN BlastLite blends are booster sensitive and a of the initiating system. For applications where unusual or specific
conditions exist please consult your local Dyno Nobel representative.
minimum 400g cast booster is recommended. Smaller 5 Relative Weight Strength (RWS) and Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) are
booster types may reduce the performance of the determined using a density of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg for
explosive. Additional boosters should be used when the ANFO and a density of 0.56g/cm3 for TITAN BlastLite.
6 VoD recorded using a continuous VoD method, on a customer site. The
column height exceeds 10 metres, or where there is risk VoD recorded is indicative of the conditions at that site, and will vary
of column disruption. For specific priming requirements due to variations in confinement from site to site.
please contact your Dyno Nobel representative.
Sleep Time
Under normal conditions in dry, stemmed blastholes,
TITAN BlastLite blends may be slept for a period of up
to two (2) weeks. The sleep time may be limited to the
recommended sleep time of the initiating system. For
applications where unusual or specific conditions exist
please consult your local Dyno Nobel representative.
Water Resistance
TITAN BlastLite blends have zero water resistance.

TITAN BlastLite blends are not designed for use in
reactive (pyritic) ground conditions. For applications in
reactive ground conditions please consult your local Dyno
Nobel representative.
9
TITAN® 2000 Matrix Blend Series
TITAN 2000 matrix blends are booster sensitive and
should be primed with a minimum 400g cast booster.
Additional 400g boosters must be used when the column
height exceeds 10 metres or where there is risk of column
E X P L O S I V E S
disruption. Contact your Dyno Nobel representative if you

intend using detonating cord down lines.
Maximum Hole Depth

Description TITAN 2000 HANFO blends may be detonated at depths
of up to 70m. TITAN 2050 may be used unsensitised at
TITAN® 2000 matrix has been specially formulated for use
depths of up to 13m. TITAN 2050G sensitisation to
in medium to large diameter open cut mining applications.
1.10g/cm3 may be used at depths up to 60m. TITAN 2060G
TITAN 2000 matrix may be blended with ANFO to make
and higher emulsion content blends maximum hole depths
heavy ANFO or gas sensitised blends.
are determined by the level of sensitisation. Refer to the
B U L K
TITAN 2000 Heavy ANFO (HANFO) Blends contain TITAN TITAN Matrix Blend Gassing Tables for more details.
2000 emulsion and ANFO manufactured from porous
Sleep Time
ammonium nitrate prill (Detaprill®). The blends are not
waterproof and provide only low to average water resistance TITAN 2000 matrix blends have a maximum sleep time of
and are suitable for use in dry and dewatered blastholes. 14 days under ideal conditions. Further recommendations
for sleep time and product selection in non ideal
TITAN 2000 Gassed Blends are emulsion rich, water conditions are outlined in the Product Selection Guide.
resistant mixtures of TITAN 2000 emulsion and ANFO
manufactured from porous ammonium nitrate prill. Sensitisation
Gassed blends are pumped from a Mobile Processing TITAN 2000 matrix blends containing 60% or more
Unit (MPU) through a loading hose to the bottom of wet emulsion must be sensitised as the product is delivered
blastholes. Augering of selected gassed blends into to the blasthole. Incorrectly sensitised gassed blends may
dewatered blastholes may be available. Contact your lead to poor explosive performance and the formation of
Dyno Nobel representative for more information. excessive post blast fume (NOx).
Features and Benefits TITAN 2050 and 2050G blends: The majority of
The addition of ANFO to TITAN 2000 matrix provides sensitisation in the blend is provided by the porosity of
the ability to vary the bulk strength and gas volume the ammonium nitrate prill. Although sensitisation is not
generated during detonation, which means you can match necessary for depths up to 13m, gassing to an open cup
performance to desired blast requirements. density of 1.20g/cm3 is recommended to increase the
Velocity of Detonation (VoD). For depths from 13m to 60m
As the emulsion content of the blend increases, the water the recommended open cup density is 1.10g/cm3.
resistance of the product increases significantly. Over-sensitisation may lead to product collapse and
Properties
TITAN Blend 2030 2040 2050 2050G 2070G
Emulsion % 30 40 50 50 70
Density (avg g/cm3) 1 1.10 1.25 1.31 1.15 1.15
Min Diameter (mm) 102 127 203 102 102
Energy (MJ/kg) 2
3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.8
Relative Weight Strength (RWS) 3
90 87 84 84 77
Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) 3 121 132 128 118 108
Typical Velocity of Detonation (VoD) (m/sec) 4 2500 – 5000 2800 – 5800 3500 – 5800
CO2 Emissions (tCO2e/t) 5
0.167 0.162 0.156 0.156 0.145
1 In hole density is dependant on hole depth. 4 VoD recorded using a continuous VoD 5 CO2 emissions calculated as tonnes of CO2
2 All Dyno Nobel energy values are method, in unconfined conditions. VoD for equivalent per tonne of explosive. As per
calculated using a proprietary Dyno Nobel non-ideal explosives is a function of blasthole National Greenhouse Accounts; July 2012;
thermodynamic code – Prodet. Other diameter, product density and confinement Department of Climate Change and Energy
programs may give different values. conditions. These figures are indicative only Efficiency
3 RWS and RBS determined using a density and represent the unconfined conditions used
of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg for in the test. Typically the product will shoot at
ANFO. higher VoDs as the blasthole diameter and
confinement increase.
10
formation of NOx. For depths exceeding 60m contact your Product Selection Guide
Dyno Nobel representative. Under ideal conditions TITAN 2000 matrix blends may be
slept for a maximum of 14 days. In non ideal conditions,
sleep times should be reduced. The sleep times in
TITAN 2000 matrix blends are not suitable for use in
the table below are recommendations to assist with
E X P L O S I V E S
conditions where reactive sulphides are present without
minimisation of post blast fume. The Recommended
appropriate compatibility testing. Contact your Dyno
Maximum Sleep Time (RMST) is a guide for when the
Nobel representative for more information.
product is used in best case conditions, however, it is
Loading likely to be less in practice. Where site specific factors
exist that make post blast fume a manageable risk,
TITAN 2000 HANFO blends must not be loaded into
sleep times may be increased up to a maximum of 14
blastholes where static water is present. Augering
days, following a site specific risk assessment and the
Heavy ANFO blends into water will cause damage to the
application of appropriate controls. Risk assessment
explosive product, which may lead to the formation of NOx
should be conducted on a blast by blast basis.
after detonation.
B U L K
Emulsion Content % w/w 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Dry 1
Use YES
RMST 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
Dewatered 2
Use NO YES
RMST – – – 5 8 12 12 12 12 12
Blasthole Condition
Wet 3
Use NO YES
RMST – – – – – 8 12 12 12 12
Dynamic 4
Use NO YES
RMST – – – – – – 5 8 8 8
Sensitisation Required NO Note 5
YES 6
Delivery Method 7
A A A A A/P A/P A/P A/P A/P A/P
1 A Dry hole is defined as a blasthole containing 4 Dynamic water is defined as a recharge 6 The TITAN Matrix Blend Gassing Table should
no water including no wet walls. rate of >1m in 30 minutes. If the level of be used to determine the appropriate open
2 A dewatered hole is defined as not recharging dynamic water is such that product damage is cup density for the hole depth.
with water. suspected or observed, the suggested RMST 7 A = Auger, P = Pump.
3 A wet hole is defined as a blasthole should be reduced.
containing static water or has a recharge rate 5 This product has reduced sensitivity and
of <1m in 30 minutes. is recommended for hole depths less than
13m. Sensitisation is required for use in holes
deeper than 13m. Please consult your Dyno
Nobel representative to check which delivery
options are available at your location.
11
require a minimum 400g cast booster when used in
blastholes with diameters of 102mm or greater. For
diameters less than 102mm, 150g cast boosters are
E X P L O S I V E S
recommended. Additional boosters are recommended

when the column height exceeds 10 meters or where
there is risk of column disruption. Please consult your
Dyno Nobel representative if you intend using detonating
Description cord down lines.
TITAN® 3000 matrix is specialised explosive precursor Maximum Hole Depth
providing superior energy and sensitivity for small to
TITAN 3000 Heavy ANFO blends may be detonated
medium diameter open cut hard rock mining applications.
at depths of up to 70m. TITAN 3050 may be used
TITAN 3000 Heavy ANFO (HANFO) Blends contain unsensitised at depths of up to 11m. TITAN 3050G
TITAN 3000 emulsion and ANFO manufactured from sensitisation to 1.10g/cm3 may be used at depths up to
B U L K
porous ammonium nitrate prill (Detaprill®). The blends are 60m. TITAN 3060G and higher emulsion content blends
not waterproof and provide only low to average water maximum hole depths are determined by the level of
resistance, that are suitable for use in dry and dewatered sensitisation. Refer to the TITAN Matrix Blend Gassing
blastholes. Tables for more details.
TITAN 3000 Gassed Blends are emulsion rich, water Sleep Time
resistant mixtures of TITAN 3000 emulsion and ANFO
TITAN 3000 matrix blends have a maximum sleep time of
manufactured from porous ammonium nitrate prill. Gassed
14 days under ideal conditions. Further recommendations
blends are pumped from a Mobile Processing Unit (MPU)
for sleep time and product selection in non ideal conditions
through a loading hose to the bottom of wet blastholes.
are outlined in the Product Selection Guide.
Augering of selected gassed blends into dewatered
blastholes may be available. Contact your Dyno Nobel Sensitisation
representative for more information.
TITAN 3000 matrix blends containing 60% or more
Features and Benefits emulsion must be sensitised as the product is delivered
to the blasthole. Incorrectly sensitised gassed blends may
TITAN 3000 matrix may be used blended with ANFO as
lead to poor explosive performance and the formation of
heavy ANFO, gas sensitised blends or as a gas sensitised
excessive post blast fume (NOx).
without ANFO as a straight emulsion matrix.
The addition of ANFO provides the ability to vary the bulk TITAN 3050 and 3050G blends: The majority of
strength and gas volume generated during detonation, sensitisation in the blend is provided by the porosity of
which means you can match performance to desired blast the ammonium nitrate prill. Although sensitisation is not
requirements. necessary for depths up to 11m, gassing to an open cup
density of 1.20g/cm3 is recommended to increase the
As the emulsion content of the blend increases, the water Velocity of Detonation (VoD). For depths from 11m to 60m
resistance of the product increases significantly. the recommended open cup density is 1.10g/cm3. Over-
Properties
TITAN Blend 3030 3040 3050 3050G 3070G 3000G
Emulsion % 30 40 50 50 70 100
Density (avg g/cm3) 1 1.05 1.25 1.32 1.10 1.15 1.15
Min Diameter (mm) 102 127 152 76 76 76
Energy (MJ/kg) 2
3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.7
92 89 86 86 81 73
Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) 3 118 136 139 116 114 102
Typical VoD (m/sec) 4 2500 – 5600 2800 – 5800 3500 – 5800
0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.14
1 In hole density is dependant on hole depth. 4 VoD recorded using a continuous VoD 5 CO2 emissions calculated as tonnes of CO2
programs may give different values. conditions. These figures are indicative only Efficiency.
of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg in the test. Typically the product will shoot at
for ANFO. higher VoDs as the blasthole diameter and
12
sensitisation may lead to product collapse and formation Product Selection Guide
of NOx. For depths exceeding 60m contact your Dyno Under ideal conditions TITAN 3000 matrix blends may be
Nobel representative. slept for a maximum of 14 days. In non ideal conditions,
Reactive Ground Conditions sleep times should be reduced. The sleep times in the
table below are recommendations which may assist in
E X P L O S I V E S
reducing the risk of post blast fume. The Recommended
conditions where reactive sulphides are present without
appropriate compatibility testing. Contact your Dyno Nobel
product is used in best case conditions, however, it is likely
representative for more information.
to be less in practice. Where site specific factors exist that
Loading make post blast fume a manageable risk; sleep times may
be increased by up to a maximum of 14 days following
TITAN 3000 Heavy ANFO blends must not be loaded
a site specific risk assessment, and the application
into blastholes where static water is present. Augering
of appropriate controls. Risk assessments should be
Heavy ANFO blends into water will cause damage to the
conducted on a blast by blast basis.
explosive product, which may lead to the formation of NOx
after detonation.
B U L K
TITAN 3000 gassed blends may be delivered via auger into
dry and dewatered blastholes or pumped through a loading
hose to the bottom of wet blastholes.

Dry 1
Use YES
RMST 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
Dewatered 2 Use NO YES
RMST – – – 5 8 12 12 12 12 12
Blasthole Condition
Wet 3
Use NO YES
RMST – – – – – 8 12 12 12 12
Dynamic 4 Use NO YES
RMST – – – – – – 5 8 8 8
YES 6
Delivery Method 7
1 A Dry hole is defined as a blasthole containing 4 Dynamic water is defined as a recharge 6 The TITAN Matrix Blend Gassing Tables
no water including no wet walls. rate of >1m in 30 minutes. If the level of should be used to determine the appropriate
2 A dewatered hole is defined as not recharging dynamic water is such that product damage is open cup density for the hole depth.
with water. suspected or observed, the suggested RMST 7 A = Auger delivery into dry and/or dewatered
3 A wet hole is defined as a blasthole should be reduced. blastholes, P = Pump through loading hose to
containing static water or has a recharge rate 5 This product has reduced sensitivity and is the bottom of wet blastholes.
of <1m in 30 minutes. recommended for hole depths up to 11m.
Sensitisation is required for use in holes
13
site procedures, TITAN 5000 may be used to minimise risks
associated with blasting in elevated ground temperatures
and reactive ground conditions.
As the emulsion content of the blend increases, the water

E X P L O S I V E S
resistance of the product also increases.
should be primed with a minimum 400g cast booster.
Description Additional 400g boosters must be used when the column
The TITAN® 5000 emulsion series has been specifically height exceeds 10 metres or where there is risk of column
formulated with an inhibitor for use in reactive (pyritic) disruption. Contact your Dyno Nobel representative if you
ground conditions and should be used in accordance intend using detonating cord down lines.
with procedures that are developed on a site basis and in
Maximum Hole Depth
consultation with Dyno Nobel and regulatory authorities.
B U L K
TITAN 5000 Heavy ANFO blends may be detonated at

TITAN 5000 Heavy ANFO (HANFO) Blends contain TITAN depths of up to 70m. TITAN 5050 may be used unsensitised
5000 emulsion and ANFO manufactured from porous at depths of up to 11m. TITAN 5050G sensitised to
ammonium nitrate prill (Detaprill®) and are designed for use 1.10g/cm3 may be used at depths up to 60m. TITAN
in dry or dewatered blastholes of medium to large diameter 5060G and higher emulsion content blends maximum hole
in reactive ground. Use of blends with less than 40% (w/w) depths are determined by the level of sensitisation. Refer
emulsion component are not recommended for use in to the TITAN Matrix Blend Gassing Tables for more details.
reactive ground conditions. For depths exceeding 60m contact your Dyno Nobel
representative.
TITAN 5000 Gassed Blends are emulsion rich, water
resistant mixtures of TITAN 5000 emulsion and ANFO Sleep Time
manufactured from porous ammonium nitrate prill and are
Refer to Reactive Ground Conditions and Non Reactive
for use in dry, dewatered or wet blastholes of medium to
Ground Conditions (next page).
large diameter in reactive ground.
Sensitisation
TITAN 5000 matrix blends containing 60% or more
Titan 5000 Matrix blends are suitable for use in reactive
emulsion must be sensitised as the product is delivered
ground conditions and conditions where elevated ground
to the blasthole. Incorrectly sensitised gassed blends may
temperatures are encountered.
lead to poor explosive performance and the formation of
When used in accordance with the AEISG Code of excessive post blast fume (NOx).
Practice: Elevated Temperature and Reactive Ground and
Properties
TITAN Blend 5030 5040 5050 5050G 5070G 5000G
Emulsion % 30 40 50 50 70 100
Density (avg g/cm )3 1
1.05 1.21 1.31 1.15 1.15 1.15
Min Diameter (mm) 102 127 203 102 102 102
Energy (MJ/kg) 2 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.8 2.5
92 86 84 84 78 68
Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) 3
120 129 134 123 109 95
Typical VoD (m/sec) 4
2500 – 5600 2800 – 5800 3500 – 5800
0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16
1 In hole density is dependent on hole depth. 4 VoD recorded using a continuous VoD 5 CO2 emissions calculated as tonnes of CO2
programs may give different values. conditions. These figures are indicative only Efficiency.
of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg in the test. Typically the product will shoot at
for ANFO. higher VoDs as the blasthole diameter and
14
TITAN 5050 and 5050G blends: The majority of conditions, sleep times should be reduced. The sleep
sensitisation in the blend is provided by the porosity of times in the table below are recommended as a maximum
the ammonium nitrate prill. Although sensitisation is not sleep time which may assist in reducing the risk of post
necessary for depths up to 11m, gassing to an open cup blast fume. The Recommended Maximum Sleep Time
density of 1.20g/cm3 is recommended to increase the (RMST) is a guide for when the product is used in best
E X P L O S I V E S
Velocity of Detonation (VoD). For depths from 11m to 60m case conditions, however, it is likely to be less in practice.
the recommended open cup density is 1.10g/cm3. Over- Where site specific factors exist that make post blast
sensitisation may lead to product collapse and formation fume a manageable risk; sleep times may be increased
of NOx. For depths exceeding 60m contact your Dyno up to a maximum of 14 days following a site specific risk
Nobel representative. assessment and the application of appropriate controls.
Risk assessments should be conducted on a blast by
blast basis.
In reactive (pyritic) ground conditions and/or in ground
with temperatures greater than 55°C please consult Ground Temperature
your local Dyno Nobel representative to undertake the Refer to Reactive Ground Conditions and Non Reactive
appropriate test work to determine the maximum sleep Ground Conditions (this page).
B U L K
time available at the maximum ground temperature.
In reactive ground, the maximum sleep time will be Loading
established by conducting reactive ground testing TITAN 5000 Heavy ANFO blends may be delivered into dry
at specific blasthole temperatures observed on site. and dewatered blastholes via auger. Heavy ANFO blends
The maximum available sleep time will be the lesser must not be loaded into blastholes where static water is
time determined by reactive ground testing and present. Augering Heavy ANFO blends into water will cause
the recommended times for the observed blasthole damage to the explosive product, which may lead to the
conditions (see table below). formation of NOx after detonation.
Non Reactive Ground Conditions TITAN 5000 gassed blends may be delivered via auger
Under ideal conditions in non reactive ground with into dry and dewatered blastholes or pumped through a
temperatures less than 55°C, TITAN 5000 matrix blends loading hose to the bottom of wet blastholes.
may be slept for a maximum of 14 days. In non ideal

Dry 1
Use YES
RMST 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
RMST – – – 5 8 12 12 12 12 12
Blasthole Condition
Wet 3
Use NO YES
RMST – – – – – 8 12 12 12 12
RMST – – – – – – 5 8 8 8
YES 6
Delivery Method 7
1 A Dry hole is defined as a blasthole containing 4 Dynamic water is defined as a recharge 6 The TITAN Matrix Blend Gassing Tables
no water including no wet walls. rate of >1m in 30 minutes. If the level of should be used to determine the appropriate
2 A dewatered hole is defined as not recharging dynamic water is such that product damage is open cup density for the hole depth.
with water. suspected or observed, the suggested RMST 7 A = Auger delivery into dry and/or dewatered
containing static water or has a recharge rate 5 This product has reduced sensitivity but may the bottom of wet blastholes.
of <1m in 30 minutes. be use in hole depths up to 11m without
chemical sensitisation. In holes deeper than
11m sensitisation is required for optimum
performance. Please consult your Dyno Nobel
representative to check which delivery options
are available at your location.
15
require a minimum 400g cast booster when used in
blastholes with diameters of 102mm or greater. For
diameters less than 102mm, 150g cast boosters are
E X P L O S I V E S
recommended. Additional boosters are recommended

when the column height exceeds 10 metres or where
there is risk of column disruption. Please consult your
Dyno Nobel representative if you intend using detonating
Description cord down lines.
TITAN® 9000 matrix is a high performance emulsion Hole Depth
specially formulated for use in areas where fume
TITAN 9000 HANFO blends may be detonated at depths
generation is predicted and fume minimisation is essential.
of up to 70m. TITAN 9050 may be used unsensitised at
TITAN 9000 Heavy ANFO (HANFO) Blends containing up depths up to 11m; TITAN 9050G should be sensitised
B U L K
to 50% w/w TITAN 9000 emulsion are delivered via auger to an open cup density of 1.10 g/cm3 for depths up to
from a Mobile Processing Unit (MPU). HANFO blends 60m. Hole depth for TITAN 9000 gassed blends with 60%
are suitable for use in dry blastholes. Use of HANFO emulsion content or more are determined by the level of
blends containing less than 40% emulsion in dewatered sensitisation. Refer to TITAN Matrix Blend Gassing Table
blastholes is not recommended. for more details. For hole depths exceeding 60m please
contact your Dyno Nobel representative.
TITAN 9000 Gassed Blends contain 50% w/w or more
TITAN 9000 emulsion and are chemically sensitised Sensitisation
while loaded into the blasthole. Emulsion rich blends are TITAN 9000 blends containing more than 50% w/w
generally pumped from an MPU through a loading hose to emulsion must be sensitised as the product is delivered
the bottom of wet blastholes or gassed augered into dry to the blasthole. TITAN 9050 blends must be sensitised
or dewatered blastholes. when used at depths greater than 11m. Incorrectly
sensitised gassed blends may lead to the formation of
Featured Benefits
excessive post blast fume (NOx).
TITAN 9000 matrix is specially formulated to optimise
detonation when blasting in challenging conditions. TITAN 9050 Blends: The majority of sensitisation in the
blend is provided by the porosity of the ammonium nitrate
As the emulsion content of the blend increases, the water prill, so the required level of added chemical sensitisation
resistance of the product increases significantly. is relatively low. Although sensitisation is not necessary
Properties
TITAN Blend 9030 9040 9050 9050G 9070G 9000G
Emulsion % 30 40 50 50 70 100
Density (avg g/cm ) 3 1
1.10 1.25 1.32 1.10 1.15 1.15
Min Diameter (mm) 102 127 200 102 76 76
Energy (MJ/kg) 2
3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.7
Gas Volume (Litres/kg) 2 974 978 982 982 989 1001
Relative Weight Strength (RWS) 3 92 89 86 86 81 73
Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) 3
123 136 139 116 114 102
4000 – 5600
CO2 Emissions (tCO2e/t) 5 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.15 0.14
1 For gassed products this is the nominal 3 The values stated are typical of those 4 For calculation of RWS and RBS; ANFO –
open cup density. Use of the Dyno Nobel recorded for the product in various hole density 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of
gassing table is required to determine the diameters, densities and ground types, 3.7MJ/kg was used.
appropriate open cup density needed to and may not be achievable under all 5 CO2 Emissions calculated as tonne of CO2
achieve a toe density below the critical circumstances. The Velocity of Detonation equivalents per tonne of explosive. As per
density for the hole depth. (VoD) actually recorded in use is dependent National Greenhouse Accounts; July 2012;
2 All Dyno Nobel energy and gas values are upon many factors, including: the initiation Department of Climate Change and
calculated using a proprietary Dyno Nobel system used, the product density, blasthole Energy Efficiency
thermodynamic code – PRODET. Other diameter and ground confinement.
programs may give different values.
16
for depths up to 11m, an open cup density of 1.20g/cm3 Product Selection Guide Table
is recommended to optimise detonation characteristics. Under ideal conditions TITAN 9000 matrix blends may be
For depths from 11m to 60m the recommended open cup slept for a maximum of 14 days. In non ideal conditions,
density is 1.10g/cm3. sleep times should be reduced. The sleep times in
the table below are recommendations to assist with
E X P L O S I V E S
Over-sensitisation may lead to product collapse and
formation of NOx. minimisation of post blast fume. The Recommended
Sleep Time product is used in best case conditions however it is likely
TITAN 9000 matrix blends have a maximum sleep time of to be less in practice. Where site specific factors exist
14 days in dry hole conditions. Further recommendation that make post blast fume a manageable risk; sleep times
for sleep time and product selection in non ideal may be increased up to a maximum of 14 days following
conditions are outlined in the Product Selection Guide. a site specific risk assessment and the application
of appropriate controls. Risk assessment should be
Reactive Ground Conditions conducted on a blast by blast basis.
B U L K
conditions where reactive sulphides are present.
Dry 1
Use YES
RMST 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14
RMST – – – 5 8 12 12 12 12 12
Blasthole Condition
Wet 3
Use NO YES
RMST – – – – – 8 12 12 12 12
RMST – – – – – – 5 8 8 8
YES 6
Delivery Method 7
1 A Dry hole is defined as a blasthole containing 4 Dynamic water is defined as a recharge 6 The Dyno Nobel Gassing Table should be
no water including no wet walls. rate of >1m in 30 minutes. If the level of used to determine the appropriate open cup
2 A dewatered hole is defined as having wet toe dynamic water is such that product damage is density for the hole depth.
and walls, and is not recharging with water. suspected or observed, the suggested RMST 7 A = Auger delivery into dry and/or dewatered
containing static water. 5 This product, without sensitisation is the bottom of wet blastholes.
recommended for hole depths less than
11m. Sensitisation is required for use in holes
17
TITAN® 9000xero® Matrix Blend
Sleep Time
TITAN 9000xero matrix blend has a maximum sleep time
of 14 days under ideal conditions. In non ideal conditions
this time may be reduced.
E X P L O S I V E S

An alternative matrix may be required for use in reactive
conditions. For use in reactive ground conditions contact
your Dyno Nobel representative. It is essential that the
appropriate test work be conducted to develop site
Description specific guidelines for determining the maximum sleep
TITAN 9000xero matrix blend is a blend of ammonium time of the bulk explosive in reactive ground conditions.
nitrate emulsion (TITAN 9000) and a functional bulk additive,
Ground Temperature
resulting in a reduced weight strength bulk explosive,
designed to assist with post blast fume management. TITAN 9000xero matrix blend is suitable for use in ground
with a temperature of 0°C to a maximum of 55°C. For
B U L K
Application applications in ground with temperatures outside this

TITAN 9000xero matrix blend is suitable for applications range, contact your Dyno Nobel representative.
where soft, wet/damp ground conditions are encountered. Shelf Life
TITAN 9000xero matrix blend is sensitised and delivered
TITAN 9000xero matrix blend has a shelf life of three
via auger into dry/dewatered blastholes or pumped to the
(3) months, when transported and stored under ideal
bottom of wet blastholes. TITAN 9000xero matrix blend
conditions.
is a water resistant alternative to ANFO for use in ground
affected by water and/or ground considered to Properties
be incompetent.
Density (g/cm3) 1 1.15
Recommended Minimum Diameter (mm) 150
TITAN 9000xero matrix blend is a post blast fume (NOx)
Energy (MJ/kg) 2
2.0
reducing formulation. The high emulsion content provides
optimal water resistance for use in dewatered or wet Typical VoD (m/sec) 3
3400 – 5000
conditions. Delivery via auger or pumping provides Relative Weight Strength (RWS) 5 54
greater flexibility for loading when bench and weather Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) 5
76
conditions change unexpectedly.
1 Values are indicative average densities only, determined under
Priming Requirements laboratory conditions by Dyno Nobel technical personnel at Dyno
Nobel’s Mt Thorley Technical Centre. Observed densities may differ or
TITAN 9000xero matrix blend is booster sensitive and vary under field conditions. Nominal in hole density only.
requires a minimum 400g cast booster. Smaller booster 2 All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary Dyno
types may reduce the performance of the explosive. Nobel thermodynamic code – Prodet. Other programs may give
different values.
Additional boosters should be used when the column 3 These results represent a range of Velocities of Detonation collected from
height exceeds 10 metres or where there is risk of column numerous Dyno Nobel blast sites throughout the Asia Pacific region over
disruption. Please consult your Dyno Nobel representative a period of time. The Velocity of Detonation (VoD) actually recorded in use
is dependent upon many factors, including: the initiation system used,
if you intend using detonating cord down lines. the product density, blasthole diameter and ground confinement. The
values stated are typical of those recorded for the product in various hole
Maximum Hole Depth diameters, densities and ground types, and may not be achievable under
all circumstances.
The recommended maximum hole depth for TITAN 4 Relative Weight Strength (RWS) and Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) are
9000xero matrix blend is 40m. Maximum hole depth is determined against ANFO at a density of 0.82g/cm3 with energy of
determined by the level of sensitisation. 3.7MJ/kg.
5 RBS depends on the final density of the product at the time of loading.
Sensitisation
TITAN 9000xero matrix blend is chemically sensitised as
the product is delivered to the blasthole. Allow at least 30
minutes at 20°C for the gassing reaction to occur before
the blasthole is stemmed (longer at lower temperatures).
The level of sensitisation necessary (as given by the open
cup density) is dependent on the depth of the blasthole.
Incorrectly sensitised gassed blends may lead to poor

detonation, poor ground fragmentation and/or the
formation of excessive post blast fumes (NOx).
18
19
Dyno Nobel offers a range of packaged
explosive products for your open cut
mining needs. The tailored strengths
and handling characteristics of our
product range can help with safe and
productive blasting.
21
ANFO (Bagged)
Ground Temperature
ANFO is suitable for use in ground with a temperature
range of 0°C to a maximum of 55°C. For applications in
ground with temperatures outside this range, consult your
Dyno Nobel representative.
E X P L O S I V E S
Shelf Life
ANFO has a maximum shelf life of six (6) months
dependent on temperature and humidity conditions.
Description Storage in a high humidity and high temperature
environment will accelerate product breakdown and
ANFO is a nominal 94:6 (%wt) blend of porous ammonium
should be avoided. Signs of ANFO degradation are
nitrate prill (Detaprill®) and fuel oil. It is a dry, free flowing
hardening or caking which can lead to difficulty in loading
explosive, formulated to ensure the appropriate oxygen
and as a result, may lead to poor blasting performance.
balance providing optimal energy and sensitivity.
Packaging
PA C K A G E D
Application
Bagged ANFO is available in packaged form. Bag sizes
ANFO has a wide variety of applications in dry hole
available are 10kg, 20kg, 25kg and 500kg.
blasting conditions. It is one of the most cost efficient
blasting agents available for use in small, medium or large All bags are delivered on one (1) tonne product only
diameter applications. When pneumatically loaded, ANFO weight pallets i.e. 2 x 500kg, 100 x 10kg, 50 x 20kg or
may also be used effectively in underground development 40 x 25kg plastic bags per pallet.
and tunnelling applications.
Features and Benefits Properties Poured Blow Loaded

ANFO is a dry and free flowing product, allowing delivery Density (g/cm )3 1
0.82 0.95
by loose pour or pneumatic loading. The low bulk density Min Diameter (mm) 75 25
of ANFO provides excellent charge distribution in the
Energy (MJ/kg) 2
3.7 3.7
blasthole. ANFO provides excellent heave energy.
Typical VoD (m/sec) 3 2500 – 4500 2000 – 4000
Priming Requirements RWS 4 100 100
It is recommended that ANFO should be primed with a RBS 5
100 116
cast booster for all hole diameters. Depending on the
application, ANFO may be primed with a suitable diameter Recommended Max 6 Weeks
Sleep Time 6
detonator sensitive cartridge explosive (Powermite® Pro).
For specific priming requirements, please contact your 1 Values are indicative average densities only, determined under
Dyno Nobel representative. Additional boosters should laboratory conditions by Dyno Nobel technical personnel at Dyno Nobel.
be used when the column height exceeds 10 metres or hole density only.
where there is risk of column disruption. 2 All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary Dyno
Nobel thermodynamic code – PRODET. Other programs may give
Maximum Hole Depth different values.
3 These results represent a range of VoD’s collected from numerous Dyno
ANFO can be detonated successfully in depths up to 75m. Nobel blast sites through the Asia Pacific region over a period of time.
The VoD actually recorded in use is dependant upon many factors,
Sleep Time including: the initiation system used, the product density, blasthole
diameter and ground confinement.
Under normal conditions in dry and stemmed blastholes, 4 Relative Weight Strength (RWS) and Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) are
ANFO may be slept for periods up to six (6) weeks. The determined using a density of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg
sleep time may be limited to the recommended sleep for ANFO.
5 RBS is dependant on the final density of the product at the time of
time of the initiating system. The presence of water will loading.
dramatically reduce the sleep time. For applications 6 The Recommended Maximum Sleep Time in ideal conditions (dry,
where unusual or specific conditions exist, consult your stemmed, non-reactive ground), is up to 6 weeks. The presence of
water will dramatically reduce the sleep time. For more information or for
Dyno Nobel representative for advice. applications where unusual or specific conditions exist; please contact
your Dyno Nobel representative.
Water Resistance
ANFO has zero water resistance.

ANFO is not designed for use in reactive (pyritic) ground
conditions. For applications in reactive ground conditions
consult your Dyno Nobel representative.
22
DynoSplit® RiGHT®
Water Resistance
Dynosplit RiGHT explosive has excellent water resistance.

Dynosplit RiGHT explosive is suitable for use in reactive
E X P L O S I V E S
ground. The available sleep time will vary according to
the reactivity of the ground and the temperature of use.
Please consult your Dyno Nobel representative in order
for the required testing to be performed to ascertain the
Description available sleep time in your application.
Dynosplit® RiGHT® explosive is an inhibited high Ground Temperature

strength emulsion based explosive produced in a Dynosplit RiGHT explosive is suitable for use in ground
continuous cartridged form suitable for use as a pre-split with a temperature range of 0ºC to 100ºC.
product. Dynosplit RiGHT explosive is detonator sensitive
and has 8.5 g/m detonating cord running externally down Shelf Life
PA C K A G E D
the length of the product. The detonating cord has the Dynosplit RiGHT explosive has a recommended
high temperature rating (100°C/8 hours) required for maximum shelf life of eighteen (18) months, when
this application. transported and stored under ideal conditions.
Application Packaging
Dynosplit RiGHT explosive has been specifically designed Dynosplit RiGHT explosive is produced in 20kg cases.
for pre-split blasting where hot and/or reactive ground All weights quoted include the external 8.5 g/m
conditions exist. It can be used in final pit walls, high detonating cord.
walls, construction cuts and other special applications.
Pre-split holes should be drilled at diameters and spacing
Diameter Charge Quantity Case Weight
determined by local conditions and requirements.
(mm) (kg/m) (m/case) (kg)
Features and Benefits 32 0.78 26.2 20.4
The cartridged form results in excellent lateral decoupling,
reducing charge concentrations. The continuous length
of detonating cord ensures a consistently high velocity Properties
of detonation, required for pre-split operations. Dynosplit Nominal Density (g/cm3) 1 1.10 – 1.14
RiGHT is suitable for a range of blasthole diameters.
Velocity of Detonation (VoD) 2
Dynosplit RiGHT explosive is available in 32 mm diameter
cartridges. The continuous cartridged product can easily Emulsion (m/s) 4700 – 5100
be loaded by one person. The external string secured Detonating Cord (m/s) 7000
by the plastic clips provides support for the product in Water Resistance High
vertical applications.
Maximum Temperature and sleep time 3 100°C for 8 hours
Priming Requirements 1 Values are indicative average densities only, determined under
A minimum No. 8 strength detonator is required for laboratory conditions by Dyno Nobel technical personnel at Dyno
Nobel’s Mt Thorley Technical Centre. Observed densities may differ or
reliable initiation. Alternatively 5 g/m detonating cord can vary under field conditions. Nominal in hole density only.
be used as an initiating downline. At temperatures of 2 VoD of product is dependent on VoD of detonating cord.
70°C and above, only detonating cord with the correct 3 In hot ground. In reactive ground the maximum sleep time available will
vary according to the reactivity of the ground and temperature of use.
temperature rating should be used. Please consult your Dyno Nobel customer representative in order for the
required testing to ascertain the available sleep time to be performed.
Sleep Time
The maximum sleep time of Dynosplit RiGHT explosive
is dependent on the ground temperature and the level of
ground reactivity, and is limited to the shortest time of all
components of the explosives system at the temperature
of use. As a guide in non-reactive ground, sleep times
of 8 hours at 100°C and 24 hours at 90°C are available.
Please consult your Dyno Nobel customer representative
to arrange testing to ascertain the available sleep time in
your application.
23
DynoSplit® Pro
Ground Temperature
Recommended for use in ambient temperatures from 0ºC
to 55ºC.
Shelf Life
E X P L O S I V E S
DynoSplit Pro explosive has a recommended shelf life

of 12 months when transported and stored under ideal
conditions.
Packaging
Description
DynoSplit Pro explosive is produced in 17kg cases. All
DynoSplit Pro explosive is a high strength emulsion weights quoted include the internal 10g/m detonating cord.
explosive produced in a continuous cartridged form used
in pre-splitting applications. It is detonator sensitive and
has 10g/m detonating cord running internally through the Diameter Charge Quantity Case Weight
entire length of the product. (mm) (kg/m) (m/case) (kg)
PA C K A G E D
26 0.225 27.0 17
Application
32 0.355 20.0 17
DynoSplit Pro explosive has been specifically designed
for perimeter control blasting where a continuous length
of decoupled charge is required. It can be used in smooth Properties
wall blasting, trim and pre-split for final pit walls, high
Nominal Density (g/cm3) 1 1.15 – 1.21
walls, construction cuts and other special applications.
Velocity of Detonation (VoD) 2
Min 6500 m/sec
Features and Benefits Water Resistance High
The small diameter (with associated decoupling) and high Maximum Temperature 55°C
Velocity of Detonation (VoD) minimises blast damage to the
Relative Weight Strength (RWS) % 3
100%
blasthole wall resulting in minimal wall damage. DynoSplit
Pro explosive is water resistant. DynoSplit Pro explosive is Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) % 147%
suitable for a range of blasthole diameters. It is available 1 Values are indicative average densities only, determined under
in 26mm and 32mm diameter cartridges. The continuous laboratory conditions. Observed densities may differ or vary under field
cartridge product can easily be loaded by one person. conditions. Nominal in hole density only.
2 VoD of product is dependant on VoD of detonating cord.
3 RWS and RBS are determined using a proprietary detonation code with a
density of 0.8g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg for ANFO.
A minimum No. 8 strength detonator is required for
reliable initiation. Alternatively 5g/m detonating cord can
be used as an initiating down-line.
Sleep Time
The maximum sleep time is dependent on ground
conditions and the recommended sleep time of other
products in the hole.
Water Resistance
DynoSplit Pro explosive pre-split product has excellent
water resistance.

Dynosplit explosive can also be formulated for use in
reactive and high temperature ground conditions. Prior to
such applications it is essential that the reactivity potential
of the material be tested for suitability.
24
DynoSplit® Pro RiGHT®
Water Resistance
DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive has excellent water
resistance.
E X P L O S I V E S
DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive is suitable for use in
reactive ground. The available sleep time will vary
according to the reactivity of the ground and the
temperature of use. Please consult your Dyno Nobel
Description customer representative in order for the required testing
to be performed to ascertain the available sleep time in
DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive is an inhibited high
your application.
strength emulsion based explosive produced in a
continuous cartridged form double clipped at 400mm Ground Temperature
intervals. It is detonator sensitive and is internally traced DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive is suitable for use in
having 10g/m detonating cord running internally down
PA C K A G E D
temperatures from 0ºC to 100ºC.
the length of the product. The detonating cord (like the
emulsion) is rated for the higher temperature use (100°C/8 Shelf Life
hours) required for this application. DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive has a recommended
maximum shelf life of twelve (12) months, when
Application
transported and stored under ideal conditions.
DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive has been specifically
designed for perimeter control blasting where hot and/or Packaging
reactive ground conditions exist and where a continuous DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive is produced in 25kg cases.
length of decoupled charge is required. It can be used in All weights quoted include the internal 10g/m detonating
smooth wall blasting, trim and pre-split for final pit walls, cord.
high walls, construction cuts and other special applications.
Diameter Charge Quantity Case Weight
Features and Benefits (mm) (kg/cart) (m/case) (kg)
The small diameter (with associated decoupling) and
32 0.355 30 25
high velocity of detonation minimises blast damage to
the blasthole wall resulting in minimal wall damage. The
product can be used in both hot and reactive ground Properties
conditions. DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive is water
Nominal Density (g/cm3) 1 1.08 – 1.12
resistant. DynoSplit Pro RiGHT explosive is suitable for
a range of blasthole diameters. It is available in 32mm Velocity of Detonation (VoD) 2
6500 m/sec
diameter cartridges. The continuous cartridge product Water Resistance High
can easily be loaded by one person. Maximum Temperature and Sleep Time 3 100°C for 8 hours
Priming Requirements Relative Weight Strength (RWS) % 4 104%
A minimum No. 8 strength detonator is required for Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) % 153%
reliable initiation. Alternatively 5g/m detonating cord can
be used as an initiating down-line. At temperatures of laboratory conditions. Observed densities may differ or vary under field
70°C and above, only detonating cord with the correct conditions. Nominal in hole density only.
temperature rating should be used. 2 VoD of product is dependant on VoD of detonating cord.
3 In hot ground. In reactive ground the maximum sleep time available will
vary according to the reactivity of the ground and temperature of use.
Sleep Time Please consult your Dyno Nobel customer representative in order for the
The maximum sleep time of DynoSplit Pro RiGHT required testing to ascertain the available sleep time to be performed. In
hole temperature monitoring, and testing of representative rock samples
explosive is dependent on the ground temperature and from the specific site will need to be performed to confirm the specific
the level of ground reactivity, and is limited to the shortest sleep time able to be achieved for the specific customer site.
time of all components of the explosives system at the 4 RWS and RBS are determined using a proprietary detonation code with
a density of 0.8g/cm3 and an energy of 3.75MJ/kg for ANFO.
temperature of use. As a guide in non-reactive ground,
sleep times of 8 hours at 100°C and 24 hours at 90°C are
available. Please consult your Dyno Nobel representative
to arrange testing to ascertain the available sleep time in
your application.
25
Powermite® Pro
Shelf Life
Powermite Pro explosive products have a recommended
shelf life of one (1) year when transported and stored
under ideal conditions.
E X P L O S I V E S
Packaging
Diameter and Cart weight Nominal cartridges
Length (mm) (kg) per case
25 x 200 25 209
Description 25 x 700 25 59
Powermite Pro explosive is a detonator sensitive emulsion
32 x 200 25 133
explosive, packaged in a plastic film cartridge.
32 x 700 25 38
Application 55 x 400 25 23
Powermite Pro explosive is formulated as a high energy 65 x 400 25 17
PA C K A G E D
explosive for use in hard blasting conditions. This product

80 x 400 25 11
has also demonstrated excellent performance in “lifter
holes” in underground mining operations. It may be used
as a primer of ANFO, Heavy ANFO and ANFO PS in small Properties
diameter blastholes. Density (g/cm3) 1 1.16 – 1.23
Energy (MJ/) 2 2.78
3400
The relatively high Velocity of Detonation (VoD) makes
this product particularly suitable for use in hard rock Relative Weight Strength (RWS) % 4
75
blasting conditions. However, the product still has Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) % 109
sufficient gas energy to provide optimal diggability. Being
Recommended Temperature Range 5 0 – 50ºC
an emulsion based product, it has inherent resisitance to
water, both static as well as dynamic, and is suitable for
use in wet conditions. laboratory conditions by Dyno Nobel technical personnel at Dyno Nobel.
Priming requirements hole density only.
2 All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary Dyno
Powermite Pro explosive is formulated to be sensitive to a Nobel thermodynamic code – PRODET. Other programs may give
No.8 strength detonator. The preferred method of initiation different values.
is via the NONEL® system. When inserting the detonator 3 These results represent a range of VoD’s collected from numerous Dyno
Nobel blast sites through the Asia Pacific region over a period of time.
into the cartridge, always use a wooden skewer, not the The VoD is dependant on the VoD of the detonating cord.
detonator, to pierce the plastic film. 4 RWS and RBS are determined using a proprietory detonation code with
a density of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg for ANFO.
Sleep Time 5 For applications in ground temperatures outside the recommended
temperature range or for applications where unusual or specific
The sleep time of Powermite Pro explosive will be limited conditions exist, please contact your Dyno Nobel representative.
to the recommended sleep time of the explosive it is
priming or that of the initiation system.
Water Resistance
Powermite Pro explosive provides high water resistance,
minimising product loss to the environment in wet
conditions.

Powermite Pro explosive can also be formulated for use
in reactive and high temperature ground conditions. Prior
to such applications, it is essential that the reactivity
potential of the material be tested for suitability. The
maximum sleep time will be dependant on the ground
temperature and the level of ground reactivity.
Ground Temperature
Suitable for use in ground with a temperature range of 0°C
to 50°C. For applications in ground temperatures outside
this range, consult your Dyno Nobel representative.
26
Powermite Thermo®
information about the available sleep time for your
application. At all temperatures the available sleep time
of the Powermite Thermo booster is limited to the lower
of the recommended sleep times for the bulk product it is
priming or for the other initiating system components.
E X P L O S I V E S
Water Resistance
The Powermite Thermo booster provides high water
resistance, minimising product loss to the environment in
wet conditions.
Description
Powermite Thermo booster is an emulsion based, high Reactive Ground Conditions
detonation pressure explosive booster. The formulation Powermite Thermo booster is designed for use in
is comprised of a sensitised, inhibited and aluminised reactive ground conditions when used with site specific
emulsion based mixture cast into a 600g cartridge in heat loading procedures. Please consult your Dyno Nobel
stable packaging. representative for information about the development of
PA C K A G E D
suitable site specific procedures.
Application
Powermite Thermo booster is a booster designed for Shelf Life
blasting use in elevated temperature and reactive ground The Powermite Thermo booster has a recommended shelf
conditions. In hot and non-reactive ground, Powermite life of one (1) year, when transported and stored under
Thermo booster is rated to 130°C for 48 hours, and the ideal conditions.
product may be slept at up to 150°C for 24 hours when
enclosed in a seismic container. In reactive ground, Packaging
Powermite Thermo booster should be used in accordance Net case weight 25 kg
with procedures developed on a site-by-site basis, in
Case quantity 41 units
consultation with Dyno Nobel and the regulatory authorities.
Case dimensions 540 x 336 x 240mm
The explosive composition achieves high detonation
pressure and provides excellent priming efficiency. Properties
Powermite Thermo booster will accept NONEL® and Density (g/cm3) 1 1.12 ± 0.02
detonating cord initiation systems. Energy (MJ/kg) 2
3.6
Application Recommendations Velocity of Detonation (VoD) (m/sec) 3
4500 – 5400
When inserting the detonator into the cartridge always Relative Weight Strength (RWS) % 4
96
use a wooden skewer, not the detonator, to pierce the Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) % 138
plastic film. If initiating with detonating cord, pass the
Recommended Temperature Range 5 48 hours at 130ºC
cord around the chub and tie off to ensure the primer is
secured to the cord. 1 Values are indicative average densities only, determined under
laboratory conditions by Dyno Nobel technical personnel at Dyno Nobel.
Priming Requirements Observed densities may differ or vary under field conditions. Nominal in
hole density only.
The Powermite Thermo booster is reliably initiated using 2 All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary Dyno
a No.8 strength detonator or a 5g/m detonating cord Nobel thermodynamic code – PRODET. Other programs may give
different values.
or greater. The Powermite Thermo booster will not be 3 These results represent a range of VoD’s collected from numerous Dyno
reliably initiated by cord strengths of less than 5g/m. For Nobel blast sites through the Asia Pacific region over a period of time.
use at temperatures over 70°C, detonating cord with the The VoD is dependant on the VoD of the detonating cord.
4 RWS and RBS are determined using a proprietory detonation code with
required temperature rating must be used. a density of 0.82g/cm3 and an energy of 3.7MJ/kg for ANFO.
5 The Recommended Maximum Sleep Time stated is for hot ground only.
Sleep Time and Ground Temperature In reactive ground the recommended maximum sleep time will vary
according to ground reactivity and the temperature of use. For more
The sleep time of the Powermite Thermo booster is information or for applications where unusual or specific conditions
dependent on the ground temperature and level of exist; please contact your Dyno Nobel representative.
ground reactivity. As a guide, in non-reactive ground
a sleep time of 96 hours is available at 105°C, and 48
hours at 130°C. When enclosed in a seismic container,
a sleep time of 24 hours is available at 150°C. Please
consult your Dyno Nobel representative for specific
27
28
In initiation systems, it all started with
the invention of safety fuse and then,
the detonator. Dyno Nobel has a range
of superior detonators, including the
NONEL® non-electric initiation system
and a suite of precise electronic
initiation systems.
29
Detonating Cord
Packaging
Primacord 5 Primaline 10
Spools per case 2 2
Length / Spool (m) 500 350
S Y S T E M S
Properties Primacord 5 Primaline 10

PRIMACORD 5 PRIMALINE 10 Nominal Coreload (g/m) 5.3 10
Nominal Diameter (mm) 3.99 4.7
Description
Tensile Strength (kg) 68 68
PRIMACORD® and PRIMALINE® detonating cords are
I N I T I AT I O N
Colour / Counter Red / 2 black Red

flexible linear explosives with a core of PETN explosive
encased in an outer jacket. PRIMACORD detonating cord
is encased in a textile jacket, PRIMALINE detonating cord
is encased in a plastic jacket.
Application
PRIMACORD detonating cord is designed for use
as surface and downhole initiating lines. PRIMALINE
detonating cord is used for side initiation of explosives
and may be used in combination with PRIMACORD
detonating cord.

Used in combination with cord clips, Dyno Nobel
detonating cord provides a safe, quick and reliable
method of initiation.
Dyno Nobel detonating cord exhibits excellent knot tying
capabilities and a high tensile strength.
Dyno Nobel detonating cord has excellent water and
abrasion resistance.
Sleep Time
The sleep time of Dyno Nobel detonating cord may be
limited to the recommended sleep time of the explosive it
is priming.
Water Resistance
Dyno Nobel detonating cord exhibits very high water
resistance.
Ground Temperature
Dyno Nobel detonating cord can be safely used in ground
with a temperature range of -40°C to +70°C.
Shelf Life
Dyno Nobel detonating cord has a recommended shelf
life of five (5) years, when transported and stored under
ideal conditions.
30
NONEL® EZTL™
Shelf Life
For maximum shelf life of three (3) years, NONEL EZTL
units must be stored in a cool, dry, well ventilated
magazine. Explosive inventory should be rotated. Avoid
using new materials before the old. Accuracy of delay
S Y S T E M S
detonators may deteriorate with age and stocks should be
rotated regularly.
Packaging
Description Length (m) Units/case Configuration
NONEL non-electric delay detonator EZTL detonator units 4.8 150 Figure 80
consist of a length of yellow shock tube, with a surface 6 140 Figure 80
I N I T I AT I O N
detonator (low strength) attached to one end and the
7.2 125 Figure 80
other end sealed. The detonator is housed in a plastic
EZ Connector block which facilitates easy connection 9 100 Figure 80
to shock tube. An easy to read colour-coded J-hook is 12 75 Figure 80
affixed near the sealed end. The J-Hook also displays the 15 75 Figure 80
nominal firing time prominently.
18 50 Figure 80
NONEL EZTL units are designed for use with
NONEL MS / NONEL MS HD detonator units to provide
effective and accurate surface timing between blastholes Properties
and/or rows of blastholes in surface and underground Delay Time (milliseconds) Connector Block Colour
blasting designs and can reliably initiate up to six shock
9 Purple
tube leads clipped into the EZ connector block. The block
design makes surface tie-in simple. 17 Yellow
25 Red
NEVER use NONEL EZTL units with detonating cord.
42 White
The low strength surface detonator will not initiate
detonating cord. 67 Blue
109 Black
176 Orange
NONEL shock tube systems provide a very safe and quick
method of blasthole initiation. In addition the system has
proved to be very reliable under a full range of conditions.
The tube is designed to provide the right blend of strength,
stretch and powder adhesion properties. It also exhibits
superior abrasion resistance and resistance to penetration
of hydrocargons (both liquid and gaseous).
Sleep Time
The sleep time of the NONEL EZTL unit is dependent on
the temperature and type of explosive in contact with the
unit. Please contact Dyno Nobel for further information.
Water Resistance
The NONEL EZTL unit provides very high water resistance.
Ground Temperature
The NONEL EZTL unit can be safely used in ground with a
temperature range of -40°C to +70°C.
31
NONEL® Lead Line 1000
Shelf Life
NONEL Lead Line has a recommended shelf life of three
(3) years, when transported and stored in a sealed box
under ideal conditions. If tube is cut, end caps must be
used to prevent moisture ingression.
S Y S T E M S
Packaging
Case Dimensions 555mm x 280mm x 255mm
Case Weight 12.5kg
Description
Number of Reels per case 2
NONEL Lead Line 1000 is a reel-off NONEL tube system
Sealing caps Each case of NONEL Lead Line 1000
used as a lead-in line for blast initiation.
is packaged with 8 end caps and
I N I T I AT I O N
Application 8 tube joiners
NONEL Lead Line is used as a reel-off lead-in line,

providing the shot firer with control over the clearance Properties
between the firing point and blast.
Colour Yellow
A length of NONEL Lead Line tube is reeled out between Tube Standard
the blast initiation point and a safe firing location. After
Tube diameter (mm) 3 (external)
cutting to length, the NONEL Lead Line tube is joined to
a standard NONEL EZTL™ or a similar detonator unit. Velocity of Detonation (m/sec) 2100 +/- 300
The join must be made using the special tube joiners
provided. The open end of the remaining tube on the
spool must be sealed with the special end cap provided.
This will help prevent moisture penetrating into the tube
during storage.
NONEL Lead Line is initiated with the DynoStart™ unit or

a NONEL Starter Gun.

NONEL Lead Line can be cut to the length required,
minimising tube wastage.
NONEL Lead Line can be run out over the top of surface
initiation systems without disruption or interference.
NONEL Lead Line provides a high level of safety against
accidental initiation by stray electrical current, radio
transmissions or static electricity.
Sleep Time
The sleep time of the NONEL Lead Line is dependent on
the temperature and type of explosive in contact with the
unit. Please contact Dyno Nobel for further information.
Water Resistance
The splice join of NONEL Lead Line 1000 may prove to
be unreliable due to moisture ingress causing shutdowns.
The use of NONEL Starter is recommended for wet
conditions.
Ground Temperature
The NONEL Lead Line tube system can be safely used in
ground with a temperature range of -40°C to +70°C.
32
NONEL® MS CONNECTOR™ Series
NEVER connect NONEL MS CONNECTOR units to
detonating cord trunklines until all blastholes have been
primed and loaded and the blast site has been cleared of
personnel and equipment.
S Y S T E M S
NEVER drive any equipment over NONEL MS
CONNECTOR blocks, detonating cord or shock tube.
Water Resistance
The NONEL MS CONNECTOR series provides high water
resistance.
Description
NONEL MS CONNECTOR units are bi-directional units that Ground Temperature
I N I T I AT I O N
consist of a 46cm length of shock tube with a detonator The NONEL MS CONNECTOR series can be safely used
crimped to each end. The detonators are housed in a color- in ground with a temperature range of -40°C to +70°C.
coded plastic connector block designed to facilitate easy
attachment to detonating cord. Colour-coded delay tags Shelf Life
display the nominal firing time prominently. For maximum shelf life (3 years), NONEL MS
CONNECTOR must be stored in a cool, dry, well
Application ventilated magazine. Explosive inventory should be
NONEL MS CONNECTOR units are used to provide rotated. Avoid using new materials before the old.
surface delay time between individual or multiple
blastholes for blasting applications in which detonating Packaging
cord is used as the primary initiation system. NONEL Packed 200 to a case.
MS CONNECTOR are a surface delay detonator series,
featuring six (6) standard delays. Properties
Delay Time (milliseconds) Connector Block Colour
17 Yellow
The NONEL MS CONNECTOR units are bi-directional
25 Red
providing a redundant two-path initiation system. They
are quick and easy to use, easy to disconnect and have 42 White
excellent handling characteristics. 67 Blue
Application Recommendations 109 Black
ALWAYS use Primacord® 4 (3.6g/m; 18g/ft) coreload 176 Orange

detonating cord or higher with the NONEL MS
CONNECTOR detonator.
ALWAYS protect the NONEL MS CONNECTOR block and

shock tube from impact or damage. The surface connectors
contain detonators and are subject to detonation caused
by abuse such as impact. Shock tube which has been cut,
ruptured or damaged may cause misfires.
ALWAYS use in-hole delays to minimise the chance of

surface cut-offs with NONEL MS CONNECTOR units.
ALWAYS trim excess lengths of detonating cord from the

NONEL MS CONNECTOR block after connecting each
block to the detonating cord. Tails of detonating cord
lying across or adjacent to the shock tube between the
connector blocks will interfere with the functioning of the
assembly and may cause misfires.
ALWAYS store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated magazine for

maximum shelf life.
ALWAYS rotate explosive inventory to ensure old stock is

used before old.
33
NONEL® MS Series
Ground Temperature
The NONEL MS Series unit can be safely used in ground
with a temperature range of -40°C to +70°C.
Shelf Life
S Y S T E M S
For maximum shelf life of three (3) years, NONEL MS

Series units must be stored in a cool, dry, well ventilated
using new materials before the old.
NONEL non-electric delay detonator MS units consist of
a length of red shock tube with a high strength detonator Length Units / Configuration Length Units / Configuration
(m) Case (m) Case
I N I T I AT I O N
attached to one end and the other end sealed. A cord clip
displaying the nominal time prominently is affixed near 3.6 250 Coiled 9 120 Coiled
the sealed end, providing easy means of connection to 4.8 200 Coiled 12 75 Sleeve
detonating cord. 6 150 Coiled 15 75 Sleeve
The NONEL MS Series unit is designed to provide in- 7.2 150 Coiled 18 75 Sleeve
hole timing delay for underground and surface blast
applications in the mining, quarry and construction
industries and can be used in combination with a
Properties
detonating cord trunkline and NONEL MS CONNECTOR™
or NONEL EZTL™ units for maximum timing flexibility. Period / Delay J-Hook Period / Delay J-Hook
Time (msec) Colour Time (msec) Colour
Application 1 / 25 Red 15 /375 Crimson
The NONEL MS Series unit is designed for down hole 2 / 50 Blue 16 / 400 Yellow
initiation of shorter blastholes. The lower tensile strength
3 / 75 Brown 17 / 425 Dark Blue
allows for the offering of an appropriately strong unit
which remains cost effective. This is achieved while 4 / 100 Orange 18 / 450 Green
maintaining all the other essential requirements for such 5 / 125 Aqua 19 / 475 Orange
a shock-tube product viz powder adhesion, resistance to 6 / 150 Gold 20 / 500 White
water and hydrocarbon attack and low plastic ‘memory’.
7 / 175 Lime Green 21 / 550 Dark Red
Features and Benefits 8 / 200 Pink 22 / 600 Grey
The NONEL MS Series unit provides increased water 9 / 225 Black 23 / 650 Black
resistance in blasting applications where saturated
10 / 250 Purple 24 / 700 Dark Brown
ground conditions exist. The shock tube exhibits excellent
handling characteristics and enables longer sleep times 11 / 275 Light Blue 25 / 750 Red
down the hole. The NONEL MS series unit has a colour- 12 / 300 Dark Green 26 / 800 Blue
coded stamped cord clip for easy identification. 13 / 325 Mauve 27 / 900 Brown
Maximum Hole Depth 14 / 350 Mustard 28 / 1000 Orange
This product is ideally used for holes up to 12m in
depth although depths of up to 24m can also be
accommodated.
Sleep Time
The sleep time of the NONEL MS Series unit is dependent
on the temperature and type of explosive in contact
with the unit. Please contact Dyno Nobel for further
information.
Water Resistance
The NONEL MS Series unit provides very high water
resistance.
34
NONEL® MS HD Series
Ground Temperature
The NONEL MS HD Series unit can be safely used in
ground with a temperature range of -40°C to +70°C.
Shelf Life
S Y S T E M S
For maximum shelf life of three (3) years, NONEL MS HD
Series unit must be stored in a cool, dry, well ventilated
NONEL nonelectric delay detonator MS HD units consist
of a length of heavy duty orange shock tube with a high Length (m) Units/case Configuration
I N I T I AT I O N
strength detonator attached to one end and the other end 6 150 Coiled
sealed. A cord clip prominently displaying the nominal 9 100 Coiled
time is affixed near the sealed end, providing easy means
12 75 Figure 80
of connection to detonating cord.
15 75 Figure 80
Designed to be used in demanding environments, the 18 75 Figure 80
NONEL MS HD Series unit provides in-hole delay time
24 40 Figure 80
for underground (non-coal) and surface blast applications
in the mining, quarry and construction industries and 30 30 Spool
can be used in combination with a detonating cord 36 30 Spool
trunkline, NONEL MS CONNECTOR and NONEL EZTL™ 45 30 Spool
detonators for maximum timing flexibility.
60 30 Spool
Application 80 30 Spool
The NONEL MS HD Series unit is designed for down hole
initiation of long to very long blastholes. The superior Properties
tensile strength provides an appropriately strong unit Period / Delay J-Hook Period / Delay J-Hook
which also has improved abrastion resistance. This Time (msec) Colour Time (msec) Colour
is achieved while maintaining all the other essential
1 / 25 Red 15 /375 Crimson
requirements for such a shock-tube product viz powder
adhesion, resistance to water and hydrocarbon attack 2 / 50 Blue 16 / 400 Yellow
and low plastic ‘memory’. 3 / 75 Brown 17 / 425 Dark Blue
4 / 100 Orange 18 / 450 Green
5 / 125 Aqua 19 / 475 Orange
The NONEL MS HD Series unit provides increased
water hammer resistance in blasting applications where 6 / 150 Gold 20 / 500 White
saturated ground conditions exist. The NONEL MS 7 / 175 Lime Green 21 / 550 Dark Red
HD Series unit shock tube exhibits excellent handling
8 / 200 Pink 22 / 600 Grey
characteristics and enables longer sleep times down the
hole. The NONEL MS HD Series unit has a colour-coded 9 / 225 Black 23 / 650 Black
stamped cord clip for easy identification. 10 / 250 Purple 24 / 700 Dark Brown
11 / 275 Light Blue 25 / 750 Red
Maximum Hole Depth
12 / 300 Dark Green 26 / 800 Blue
This product is ideally used for holes from 18m to 80m
deep, although longer depths can be accommodated. 13 / 325 Mauve 27 / 900 Brown
14 / 350 Mustard 28 / 1000 Orange
Sleep Time
The sleep time of the NONEL MS HD Series unit is
dependent on the temperature and type of explosive
in contact with the unit. Please contact Dyno Nobel for
further information.
Water Resistance
The NONEL MS HD Series unit provides excellent water
resistance.
35
NONEL® MS HT Series
Water Resistance
The NONEL MS HT Series unit provides high water
resistance.
Ground Temperature
S Y S T E M S
The NONEL MS HT Series unit can be safely used in

ground with a temperature range of -40 °C to + 70°C.
Shelf Life
The NONEL MS HT Series unit has a recommended
Description
shelf life of three (3) years, when transported and stored
The NONEL MS HT Series shock tube/detonator assembly under ideal conditions. Accuracy of delay detonators may
is a millisecond, high strength delay unit specifically deteriorate with age and stocks should be rotated regularly.
I N I T I AT I O N
designed for use in high in-hole temperatures up to 70°C.

Packaging
Application
Length (m) Units / Case Configuration
The NONEL MS HT Series unit provides a reliable
downhole initiating system appropriate for high in-hole 12 75 Coiled (Detpak)
temperature applications. It is recommended that the 15 75 Coiled (Detpak)
MS HT Series unit be used as a single inhole delay in 24 30 Spool
conjunction with the EZTL™ unit surface initiation system.
This will provide adequate downhole delay time in most
Properties
blasting applications. The NONEL MS HT Series unit can
also provide hole-by-hole delay sequencing by utilising High strength detonator No 12 strength
the downhole delay in conjunction with detonating cord Tube colour Orange
and MS CONNECTOR™. It is recommended to use either Tube diameter (mm) 3.0 (STD)
3.6g/m or 5g/m detonating cord to initiate the NONEL tube.
Velocity of detonation (m/sec) 2100 +/- 300
The NONEL MS HT Series unit provides resistance to high
in-hole temperatures. The NONEL Supertube™ shock
tube is easily deployed and enables longer sleep times
down the hole due to increased resistance to oil migration
into the tube at elevated in-hole temperatures. The
NONEL MS HT Series unit assembly has a colour-coded
stamped cord clip for easy identification.
Application Recommendations
It is recommended that the NONEL MS HT Series unit
be used as a single inhole delay in conjunction with
the EZTL™ unit surface initiation system. This will
provide adequate downhole delay time in most blasting
applications. The NONEL MS HT unit can also provide
hole-by-hole delay sequencing by utilising the downhole
delay in conjunction with detonating cord and MS
CONNECTOR™. It is recommended to use either 3.6g/m
or 5g/m detonating cord to initiate the NONEL tube.
Maximum Hole Depth

This product is ideally used for holes from 18m to 80m
deep, although longer depths can be accommodated.
Sleep Time
The sleep time of the NONEL MS HT Series unit is
dependent on the temperature and type of explosive
in contact with the unit. Contact your Dyno Nobel
representative for further information.
36
NONEL® Starter
Packaging
Length (m) Reels/Case
100 16 reels
300 4 reels
S Y S T E M S
500 4 reels
Properties
Description Colour Yellow
The NONEL Starter is used as a lead-in line from a safe Tube Standard
firing position to the blasting location. A NONEL Starter Tube diameter (mm) 3 (external)
I N I T I AT I O N
consists of a length of NONEL tube sealed at one end and
Velocity of Detonation (m/sec) 2100 +/- 300
a NONEL detonator and connector block attached at the
other end. UV Block capacity 10 std NONEL tubes
Application
The NONEL Starter can be used to initiate blasts with
NONEL detonators or detonating cord.

The NONEL Starter provides a high level of safety against
accidental initiation by stray electrical current, radio
transmissions or static electricity.
Sleep Time
The sleep time of the NONEL Starter is dependent on the
temperature and type of explosive in contact with the unit.
Please contact your Dyno Nobel representative for further
information.
Water Resistance
The NONEL Starter provides very high water resistance.
Ground Temperature
The NONEL Starter can be safely used in ground with a
temperature range of -40°C to +70°C.
Shelf Life
The NONEL Starter has a recommended shelf life of three
(3) years, when transported and stored in a sealed box
under ideal conditions. Accuracy of delay detonators may
deteriorate with age and stocks should be rotated regularly.
37
NONEL® Primafire
Packaging
Case Dimensions 540mm x 365mm x 245mm
Case Weight 11kg
Number of Units Per Case 300
S Y S T E M S
Properties
Explosives Class: 1.1B U.N. No: 0360
Detonator No. 8 Strength
Detonator delay 600 milliseconds
NONEL Tube Colour Yellow
Description
I N I T I AT I O N
Tube Standard
The NONEL Primafire is a short length of NONEL MS
tubing with a 600 millisecond detonator in a plastic block Tube diameter (mm) 3 (external)
designed for connection to detonating cord. Velocity of detonation (m/sec) 2100 +/- 300

The NONEL Primafire is a detonating cord initiator
designed to incorporate detonating cord downlines into
NONEL MS downline blasting patterns, particularly where
hot hole conditions preclude the use of NONEL downlines.
Application
The NONEL Primafire unit may be initiated by NONEL
EZTL™ or detonating cord trunk lines and will reliably
initiate detonating cords from 5 to 10g/m. When used with
Primaline or Primacord detonating cord downlines, NONEL
Primafire provides a delay to match with NONEL MS #22
inhole delays.
With NONEL inhole delays use the NONEL Primafire
unit to match the firing times. Before making the surface
system connections, clip the NONEL Primafire unit to all
detonating cord downlines in the blast. When connecting
the NONEL Primafire unit into the surface delay system
ensure that connections are made at least 500mm from
the detonator to ensure full run-up in the shock tube.
Ground Temperature
The NONEL Primafire tube system can be used as
described on this technical information sheet in ambient
temperatures ranging from -40°C to +70°C. Where
blast surface temperatures exceed 70°C the use of high
temperature detonating cord trunklines is recommended.
Note: all high temperature and hot hole blasting should be
conducted under approved procedures.
Shelf Life
The NONEL Primafire unit has a recommended shelf life of
three (3) years, when transported and stored under ideal
conditions. Accuracy of delay detonators may deteriorate
with age and stocks should be rotated regularly.
38
TROJAN® TWINPLEX® Cast Boosters
Ground Temperature
Minimum detonator is No. 8 strength for temperatures
above -40º C (-40º F). A high strength detonator is
recommended for temperatures below -40º C (-40ºF).
Extremely low temperatures do not affect the performance
S Y S T E M S
of cast boosters with commercial detonators. Low
temperatures do affect detonators and detonating cord.
Be certain your initiation system is suitable for your
application in extremely low temperatures. Cast boosters
Description are more susceptible to breakage during handling in
extremely cold temperatures.
The TROJAN TWINPLEX cast booster is detonator
sensitive, high density, high energy molecular explosives. Shelf Life
I N I T I AT I O N
TROJAN TWINPLEX cast boosters are designed with
The TROJAN TWINPLEX cast booster has a recommended
two (2) detonator wells and an enlarged through-
shelf life of five (5) years from the date of manufacture.
tunnel to accommodate the use of two (2) detonators
Explosive inventory should be rotated. Avoid using new
where required. TROJAN TWINPLEX cast boosters are
materials before the old.
formulated from the highest quality PETN and other high
explosive materials ensuring reliability, consistency and Packaging
durability in all blasting environments. The fluorescent
green container makes the TROJAN TWINPLEX cast Unit Weight/Net Explosive Content (NEC) (g) 450
booster more visible on the blast site and reduces the Unit Dimensions Length (cm) 11.7
possibility of misplaced charges. Diameter (cm) 5.7
Features and Benefits Units/Case 36

The explosive composition achieves high detonation Net Weight/Case (kg) 15.9
pressure and provides excellent priming efficiency. Case Dimensions (cm) 42 x 33 x 14
The TROJAN TWINPLEX cast booster will accept Dyno Note : All weights are approximate
Nobel’s range of non-electric and electronic detonators.
Properties
Application
Nominal Density (g/cm3) 1.60
The Trojan Twinplex cast booster is specifically designed
for applications where (for whatever reason) there is a Velocity (m/sec) 7,550
concern that the integrity of the downline may have been Detonation Pressure (Kbars) 235
impaired. The use of twin downlines ensures certainty Water Resistance (with no loss of sensitivity) 6 months
of the initiation signal getting to the booster. Only one
Maximum Water Depth (m) 90
booster is required thus saving cost as well as time in
deployment. Maximum Usage Temperature (°C) 70
Always use detonator(s) only with TROJAN TWINPLEX
cast boosters. Never use detonating cord with TROJAN
TWINPLEX cast boosters. The through tunnel has been
widened to accommodate two detonators, where required.
Use of detonating cord may cause misfires, which may kill
or injure. Never force the detonator into the through-tunnel,
the detonator-well or otherwise attempt to clear these
areas if obstructed. If the through-tunnel or detonator-well
does not accommodate the detonator, do not use the
TROJAN TWINPLEX cast booster. Notify your Dyno Nobel
representative.
39
TROJAN® NB Universal Cast Boosters
Shelf Life
For maximum shelf life of five (5) years, Dyno Nobel cast
boosters must be stored in a cool, dry, well ventilated
S Y S T E M S
Packaging
Unit Weight/Net Explosive Content (NEC) (g) 400
Unit Dimensions Length (cm) 11.9
Description
Diameter (cm) 5.5
The TROJAN NB Universal cast booster is a detonator
Units/Case 20
and detonating cord sensitive, high density, high energy,
I N I T I AT I O N
molecular explosive. The TROJAN NB Universal cast Net Weight/Case (kg) 16.3
booster is especially designed to optimise initiation of Case Dimensions (cm) 42 x 33 x 14
all cast booster sensitive and/or detonator sensitive
explosives. Each TROJAN NB Universal cast booster Properties
is manufactured with two internal through-tunnels and
a detonator well for easy use with either 5 or 10 g/m Density (g/cm3) Avg 1.60
detonating cord or commercial detonators. The bright Velocity (m/sec) 7,800
yellow container enhances visibility on the bench and Detonation Pressure (Kbars) 245
minimises misplaced charges.
Water Resistance (with no loss of sensitivity) 6 months
Application Shelf Life Maximum (from date of production) 5 years
TROJAN NB Universal cast boosters are designed for Maximum Water Depth (m) 90
instances where the explosive product used cannot Maximum Usage Temperatures (°C) 70
relaibly be initated by the small base charge of a standard
All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary
detonator. The booster itself is sensitive enough to be
Dyno Nobel thermodynamic code – Prodet. Other programs may
initiated by the detonator and the resulting detonation give different values.
serves to initate the surrounding (relatively insensitive)
explosive. These explosives are usually of the bulk variety
that have been loaded into larger diameter blastholes.

The explosive composition achieves high detonation
pressure and provides excellent priming efficiency.
The TROJAN NB Universal cast booster will accept Dyno
Nobel’s range of non-electric and electronic detonators.
The TROJAN NB Universal cast booster is recessed at
one end to provide protection to the initiation line.
Sleep Time
The sleep time of the TROJAN NB Universal cast booster
will be limited to the recommended sleep time of the
explosive it is priming or the recommended sleep time of
the initiating system.
Water Resistance
TROJAN NB Universal cast booster exhibits very high
water resistance.
Ground Temperature
are more susceptible to breakage during handling in
40
TROJAN® SPARTAN Cast Boosters
Ground Temperature
S Y S T E M S
are more susceptible to breakage during handling in
Shelf Life
Description
For maximum shelf life of five (5) years, Dyno Nobel cast
The TROJAN SPARTAN cast boosters are detonator
boosters must be stored in a cool, dry, well ventilated
sensitive, high density, high energy molecular explosives
I N I T I AT I O N
available in various sizes designed to optimise initiation
of all booster sensitive explosives. All TROJAN SPARTAN
cast boosters are manufactured with an internal through- Packaging
tunnel and detonator well for easy application with
either electronic or non-electric detonators or 10.6 g/m Unit Weight / Net Explosive 150 400
Content (NEC) (g)
(50 g/ft) minimum strength detonating cord. TROJAN
SPARTAN cast boosters are formulated from the highest Unit Dimensions Length (cm) 11.9 11.9
quality PETN and other high explosive materials ensuring Diameter (cm) 3.6 5.5
reliability, consistency and durability in all blasting Units/Case 48 20
environments. The fluorescent green container makes the
Net Weight/Case (kg) 16.3 16.3
TROJAN SPARTAN cast booster more visible on the blast
site and reduces the possibility of misplaced charges. Case Dimensions (cm) 42x 33 x 14 42 x 33 x 14
Application
Properties
TROJAN SPARTAN cast boosters are designed for
Density (g/cm3) Avg 1.65
instances where the explosive product used cannot
relaibly be initated by the small base charge of a standard Velocity (m/sec) 7,300
detonator. The booster itself is sensitive enough to be Detonation Pressure (Kbars) 220
initiated by the detonator and the resulting detonation Water Resistance (with no loss of sensitivity) 6 months
serves to initate the surrounding (relatively insensitive)
Shelf Life Maximum (from date of production) 5 years
explosive. These explosives are usually of the bulk variety
that have been loaded into larger diameter blastholes. Maximum Water Depth (m) 90
Maximum Usage Temperatures (°C) 70
All Dyno Nobel energy values are calculated using a proprietary
The explosive composition achieves high detonation Dyno Nobel thermodynamic code – Prodet. Other programs may
pressure and provides excellent priming efficiency. give different values.
The range of sizes available provide priming solutions for
most blasthole applications.
The TROJAN SPARTAN cast booster will accept
SmartShot® and NONEL® detonators.
The TROJAN SPARTAN cast booster is recessed at one
end to provide protection to the initiation line.
Sleep Time
The sleep time of the TROJAN SPARTAN cast booster
will be limited to the recommended sleep time of the
explosive it is priming or the recommended sleep time of
the initiating system.
Water Resistance
The TROJAN SPARTAN cast booster exhibits very high
water resistance.
41
DigiShot® Plus Electronic Detonator
■■ The blast design can be pre-loaded into the Bench
Box while separated from the detonators, or after
connection from a safe location.
■■ Minimal on-bench components... just the electronic
DigiShot Plus detonator (in the blasthole) and a 2-wire
S Y S T E M S
busline on the pattern.

■■ The DigiShot Plus Tagger assigns a detonator
position (row and hole number) to each detonator
when it is loaded and tested in the blasthole. The
fully programmable DigiShot Plus system allows each
detonator’s delay to be determined individually but also
offers an automated delay assignment process.
I N I T I AT I O N
Due to the system’s flexibility, contact your local Dyno
Nobel representative for application recommendations.
Packaging
Description Length (m) Case Quantity Case Weight (kg)
DigiShot Plus is a truly flexible, user friendly and fully 9 84 12.9
programmable electronic initiation system. It has accurate 15 60 14.0
timing benefits, quick deployment with robust downline
18 50 14.6
wire and all-weather surface connectors. The detonators
can be connected to the busline in any convenient order... 24 40 15
not just the firing order! The DigiShot Plus electronic 30 32 14.9
initiation system also provides these additional features – 37 24 13.5
■■ Remote firing capability 46 24 16.2
■■ Tag-on-connect 55 18 15.5
■■ The ability to initiate larger blasts (up to 9,600 detonators) 75 15 17.2
■■ ViewShot™ PC based blast design software enables
timing patterns to be downloaded directly from the PC Properties
into the DigiShot Plus Bench Box.
Detonator Shell Copper
With safety always Dyno Nobel’s number one priority, the
Cable Colour Green
DigiShot Plus Tagger (used on the bench for testing and
assigning row and hole number to individual detonators) is System Operating Temperature -20°C to +80°C
inherently safe and does not produce sufficient voltage to (range)
fire the detonator. In addition, the DigiShot Plus detonators Detonator Strength #12
are fully testable with two-way communication which Net Explosive Quantity 0.1000kg
facilitates easy fault identification and repair. Individual (per 100 units)
detonators, rows of detonators or the entire pattern can be
Maximum Delay 20,000 milliseconds
tested prior to connection to the blasting machine.
Maximum Detonators 9,600
Features and Benefits per Blaster (synchronised 4 x Bench Boxes)
Electronic accuracy enables customers to achieve a Maximum Surface Wire Length 2.5km
variety of benefits ranging from better fragmentation
to improved crusher throughput to happier neighbours
resulting from decreased Peak Particle Velocity (PPV)
and/or improved frequencies.
■■ A DigiShot Plus blast can be initiated using the remote
firing (RF) wireless feature or the more typical hard-
wired initiation.
■■ Easy to use menu-driven software.
■■ With Dyno Nobel’s ViewShot PC-based blast design
software, blast designs and timing can easily be
transferred from the PC to the DigiShot Plus Bench Box.
42
SmartShot® Electronic Initiation System
Packaging
Accessories
Units per case Packaging Dimensions
SmartShot Base Station 1 523 x 375 x 260mm
S Y S T E M S
SmartShot Bench Box 1 523 x 375 x 260mm
String Starters & 10 200 x 165 x 92mm
End Plugs
Smart Keys 1 set (1 red, 146 x 86 x 38mm
4 yellow)
Tagger 1 300 x 250 x 140mm
Connection Block 1 200 x 165 x 92mm
I N I T I AT I O N
Description
and Cable
The SmartShot electronic initiation system offers innovative
features including wireless remote blasting and complete Detonators
timing flexibility. Specialised waterproof and dirt displacing Downline x Surface Units per case Packaging Dimensions
connectors ensure quick, easy and reliable connections, Length (m)
and prevent leakage. 10 x 7 18 480 x 215 x 245mm
SmartShot Detonator – To hook up, the male connector 20 x 10 18 480 x 215 x 245mm
of one unit simply snaps into the female connector of the 20 x 15 18 480 x 215 x 245mm
next unit, and so on, along a row.
25 x 0.2 18 480 x 215 x 245mm
SmartShot Base Station – Used to initiate the blast 35 x 0.2 18 480 x 215 x 245mm
remotely from a safe distance. The PIN protected
45 x 0.2 18 480 x 215 x 245mm
SmartKey must be docked in the Base Station to arm and
fire the shot. 60 x 0.2 8 480 x 215 x 245mm
SmartShot Bench Box – The receiver unit that allows

Properties
remote firing via radio frequency from the Base Station,
passing the signal onto the detonators in order to initiate System Limits
the blast. Maximum Total Delay Time 20,000
(milliseconds)
String Starter – Connected between the blast and the
Maximum Number of Detonators 2400*
Bench Box to interface 2-wire with 4-wire communication.
(per Bench Box)
It also assists in identifying any faults.
Maximum Number of Bench 4 (9600 detonators)
End Plug – Connected to the end of each string to Boxes for synchronised blasting
indicate the end of a string to the control equipment. Maximum line-of-sight distance 3000m*
for RF blasting
SmartShot Tagger – Hand-held unit to test and assign
timings to individual detonators and defines the hole Lead in Length (wire) 2000m*
configuration. Maximum in-hole lead length 60m
Detonator
Detonator Shell Copper
Cable colour Green with a coloured stripe
Tensile Strength >250N
System Operating Temperature -20°C to +50°C
Detonator Strength #12
Net Explosive Quantity 0.1000kg
(per 100 units)
Dynamic Shock Resistance >12,000psi 500ns pulse width
ESD Resistance Passes EN 13763-13
RF Immunity Passes CEN TS 13763-27
Base Charge PETN
Timing Fully or auto programmable
* Dependant on shot layout, please refer to training manual before use.
43
44
Dyno Nobel has a range of innovative
blasting accessories for use with our
initiation systems.
45
Detonating Cord Cutters
Description:
The Detonating Cord Cutter is a single acting, heavy duty
approved cutting tool, with a long life stainless steel blade
and synthetic anvil.
E S
Application:
N C SEYSSOTREI M
Detonating Cord Cutters are used for cutting detonating

cord and NONEL® tube.
Packaging:
Sold in single units. Holsters are also available.
A C
DynoStart™ DS2
AGT I O
Application
B L IANSI TT II N
Electrical energy is converted into a strong shock wave of

high temperature that, when applied inside a NONEL tube
by the means of an electrode, initiates the tube. DynoStart
uses a common 9V battery and a durable electrode. Both
battery and electrode are easy to change. The electrode
can be removed from the blasting machine at any time
to prevent unauthorised usage. DynoStart is designed to
require the use of both hands when initiating the blast.
Description This is to avoid unintentional firing of a blast.
DynoStart is a battery powered electronic blasting Packaging
machine for initiation of NONEL® tube. No part of the
Sold in single units.
device is explosive in nature. It is not approved for use
in confined areas which may contain flammable gas e.g.
underground coal.
NONEL® Starter Gun

Description
The NONEL® Starter Gun is a simple and highly effective
hand held blasting machine, robustly constructed from
metal alloys and stainless steel. It has an integral safety
device and uses Shot Shell Primers No.20 as primer caps.
It is a complete blasting machine, no other equipment
being needed to initiate a NONEL tube.
J Cord Cutter
Description
The J Cord Cutter is a drag knife for cutting detonating
cord and NONEL® tube. Low cost, limited life tool with no
moving parts.
Application
Approved cutting device for initiation products.
Packaging
Sold in bundles of 10.
46
As a valued Dyno Nobel customer,
you benefit from our range of
state-of-the-art delivery systems. Our
Mobile Processing Units (MPUs) are
the latest technological advancements
that may help to increase safety and
productivity and reduce costs.
47
QUAD MPU
The QUAD MPU is designed to provide a complete range of explosive products direct to
the blasthole from ANFO to fully waterproof gassed emulsion blends.
The QUAD is available in two designs:

(1) a low capacity/low discharge rate design optimised for small operations and
S Y S T E M S
(2) a high capacity/high discharge rate design for large operations.

The high capacity unit is designed to maximise load carrrying capacity and minimise
turnaround times. Discharge rates are optimised for 150mm diameter and larger blastholes.
D E L I V E RY
E X P L O S I V E
TTT MPU
The TTT MPU is designed to deliver a range of bulk explosive products direct to the
blasthole. The truck is designed to incorporate large product bins, maximising the
carrying capacity and thereby minimising turn-around times. Discharge rates are
optimised for 150mm diameter and greater blastholes. All ranges of bulk are available
from the truck, from ANFO to fully waterproof gassed emulsion blends.
48
Blast Design Terminology and Formulas
R E F E R E N C E
Hole length (L) = BH + SD
Charge length (C) = L – SL
Blast Volume (V) = B x S x BH x N
Blasted tonnes (T) = V x Density of rock in t/m3
Volume of blasthole (Vb) = π x D2/4000 x L
Mass of explosive per hole (kg) = Volume of hole length charged x Explosive density
PF (kg/m3) = Total explosives in the blast/volume of rock
blasted (for kg/Tonne, divided by blasted tonnes T)
RWS = AWS of explosive/AWS of ANFO
RBS = (RWS explosive x explosive density) / (RWS ANFO x ANFO density)
Energy factor = PF x RWS
Vertical length of angled holes = Measured hole length x cos ∝
∝ = Angle subtended from the vertical by

Drilled Burden (B)
Drilled Spacing (S) the inclined hole
Hole Diameter (D) π = 3.1428 (the ratio of the circumference
of a circle to its diameter)
Backbreak New Crest AWS = Absolute Weight Strength
(After Mucking)
B = Drilled burden (m)
Stem Height (SL) BH = Bench height (m)
Bench Height
(BH) C = Explosive column height or charge
length (m)
Crest D = Hole diameter in millimetres
(C)
Explosive L = Hole length (m)
Hole Length Column N = Number of holes in a blast
(L) Height Crest Burden PF = Powder factor
Free Face
RBS = Relative bulk strength
RWS = Relative weight strength
Toe Burden S = Drilled spacing (m)
Floor
SD = Subdrill (m)
Face Angle (FA)
SL = Stemming length (m)
Subdrill (SD) Toe T = Blasted tonnes
V = Blast volume (m3)
Angle Faced Holes

Crest Burden (CB)
Face Angle (FA)
Vertical
Stemming
Length (VSL)
Calculating burdens
Crest Burden (CB)

= Distance blasthole collar is from crest
Vertical Stemming Length (VSL)

= ( measured stemming length x cos [HA] )
Hole Angle (HA) Toe Burden (TB)
Toe Burden (TB)
= Burden at floor level
= ( [tan (FA) x bench height] + CB ) – ( tan [HA] x bench height )
49
Rules of Thumb
R E F E R E N C E
These rules provide a first estimate in the absence of any better data.
Blasthole diameter in mm ≤ 15 x Bench height (BH) in metres Smooth Blasting

Bench height (BH) in metres ≥ (Blasthole diameter (D) in mm)/15 Spacing = 15 x Hole diameter (hard rock)
Burden (B) = (25 to 40) x (D) 20 x Hole diameter (soft rock)
Spacing (S) = 1.15 x B Burden = 1.25 x Spacing
(This gives an equilateral pattern) Fire as many holes as possible on one delay.
Sub drill = (3 to 15) x D Stem holes.
Charge length (C) ≥ 20 D Powder factors
Stemming ≥ 20 x D or (0.7 – 1.2) x B
Typical powder factors used in mass blasts
Burden stiffness ratio = BH/B : 2 to 3.5 good fragmentation
Rock type PF (kg/m3)
: > 3.5 very good fragmentation
Hard 0.7 – 0.8
Stemming material size = D/10 to D/20
(Angular material with minimum fines) Medium 0.4 – 0.5
Soft 0.25 – 0.35
Presplit blasting Very Soft 0.15 – 0.25
Spacing = Hole diameter x 12 Typical powder factors used in presplit and
Burden = 0.5 x production blast burden (B) smooth blasting
Uncharged length at top = 10 x D Hole diameter PF (kg/m3)
Powder Factor = 0.5kg per square metre of face Hard 0.6 – 0.9
Do not stem holes. Medium 0.4 – 0.5
Fire all holes on the same delay, or in Groups of ≥ 5 holes. Soft 0.2 – 0.3
Loading Density
Hole Diameter Kg of explosive per meter of column for given density (g/cm3) Hole Diameter
mm in mm in
0.60 0.80 0.82 0.85 0.90 0.95 1.00 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 1.30 1.35 1.40
25 1 0.29 0.39 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.52 0.54 0.56 0.59 0.64 0.66 0.69 25 1
32 1 1/4 0.48 0.64 0.66 0.68 0.72 0.76 0.80 0.84 0.88 0.92 0.97 1.05 1.09 1.13 32 1 1/4
38 1 1/2 0.68 0.91 0.93 0.96 1.02 1.08 1.13 1.19 1.25 1.30 1.36 1.47 1.53 1.59 38 1 1/2
45 1 3/4 0.95 1.27 1.30 1.35 1.43 1.51 1.59 1.67 1.75 1.83 1.91 2.07 2.15 2.23 45 1 3/4
51 2 1.23 1.63 1.68 1.74 1.84 1.94 2.04 2.14 2.25 2.35 2.45 2.66 2.76 2.86 51 2
57 2 1/4 1.53 2.04 2.09 2.17 2.30 2.42 2.55 2.68 2.81 2.93 3.06 3.32 3.44 3.57 57 2 1/4
64 2 1/2 1.93 2.57 2.64 2.73 2.90 3.06 3.22 3.38 3.54 3.70 3.86 4.18 4.34 4.50 64 2 1/2
70 2 3/4 2.31 3.08 3.16 3.27 3.46 3.66 3.85 4.04 4.23 4.43 4.62 5.00 5.20 5.39 70 2 3/4
76 3 2.72 3.63 3.72 3.86 4.08 4.31 4.54 4.76 4.99 5.22 5.44 5.90 6.12 6.35 76 3
83 3 1/4 3.25 4.33 4.44 4.60 4.87 5.14 5.41 5.68 5.95 6.22 6.49 7.03 7.30 7.57 83 3 1/4
89 3 1/2 3.73 4.98 5.10 5.29 5.60 5.91 6.22 6.53 6.84 7.15 7.47 8.09 8.40 8.71 89 3 1/2
95 3 3/4 4.25 5.67 5.81 6.02 6.38 6.73 7.09 7.44 7.80 8.15 8.51 9.21 9.57 9.92 95 3 3/4
102 4 4.90 6.54 6.70 6.95 7.35 7.76 8.17 8.58 8.99 9.40 9.81 10.62 11.03 11.44 102 4
108 4 1/4 5.50 7.33 7.51 7.79 8.24 8.70 9.16 9.62 10.08 10.54 10.99 11.91 12.37 12.83 108 4 1/4
114 4 1/2 6.12 8.17 8.37 8.68 9.19 9.70 10.21 10.72 11.23 11.74 12.25 13.27 13.78 14.29 114 4 1/2
121 4 3/4 6.90 9.20 9.43 9.77 10.35 10.92 11.50 12.07 12.65 13.22 13.80 14.95 15.52 16.10 121 4 3/4
127 5 7.60 10.13 10.39 10.77 11.40 12.03 12.67 13.30 13.93 14.57 15.20 16.47 17.10 17.73 127 5
133 5 1/4 8.34 11.11 11.39 11.81 12.50 13.20 13.89 14.59 15.28 15.98 16.67 18.06 18.76 19.45 133 5 1/4
140 5 1/2 9.24 12.32 12.62 13.08 13.85 14.62 15.39 16.16 16.93 17.70 18.47 20.01 20.78 21.55 140 5 1/2
146 5 3/4 10.04 13.39 13.73 14.23 15.07 15.90 16.74 17.58 18.42 19.25 20.09 21.76 22.60 23.44 146 5 3/4
152 6 10.89 14.52 14.88 15.42 16.33 17.24 18.15 19.05 19.96 20.87 21.78 23.59 24.50 25.40 152 6
159 6 1/4 11.91 15.88 16.28 16.88 17.87 18.86 19.86 20.85 21.84 22.83 23.83 25.81 26.81 27.80 159 6 1/4
165 6 1/2 12.83 17.11 17.53 18.18 19.24 20.31 21.38 22.45 23.52 24.59 25.66 27.80 28.87 29.94 165 6 1/2
172 6 3/4 13.94 18.59 19.05 19.75 20.91 22.07 23.24 24.40 25.56 26.72 27.88 30.21 31.37 32.53 172 6 3/4
178 7 14.93 19.91 20.41 21.15 22.40 23.64 24.88 26.13 27.37 28.62 29.86 32.35 33.59 34.84 178 7 Calculation
187 7 1/4 16.48 21.97 22.52 23.34 24.72 26.09 27.46 28.84 30.21 31.58 32.96 35.70 37.08 38.45 187 7 3/8 Kg/m = 3.14159 x D2 x P / 4,000
200 7 1/2 18.85 25.13 25.76 26.70 28.27 29.85 31.42 32.99 34.56 36.13 37.70 40.84 42.41 43.98 200 7 7/8 Where
203 8 19.42 25.89 26.54 27.51 29.13 30.75 32.37 33.98 35.60 37.22 38.84 42.08 43.69 45.31 203 8 D is the hole diameter in mm
216 8 1/2 21.99 29.31 30.05 31.15 32.98 34.81 36.64 38.48 40.31 42.14 43.97 47.64 49.47 51.30 216 8 1/2 To determine the loading factor
229 9 24.71 32.95 33.77 35.01 37.07 39.13 41.19 43.25 45.31 47.37 49.42 53.54 55.60 57.66 229 9 for explosive densities not listed,
251 9 1/2 29.69 39.58 40.57 42.06 44.53 47.01 49.48 51.95 54.43 56.90 59.38 64.33 66.80 69.27 251 9 1/2
select the loading factor.
254 10 30.40 40.54 41.55 43.07 45.60 48.14 50.67 53.20 55.74 58.27 60.80 65.87 68.41 70.94 254 10
270 10 1/2 34.35 45.80 46.95 48.67 51.53 54.39 57.26 60.12 62.98 65.84 68.71 74.43 77.29 80.16 270 10 5/8
279 11 36.68 48.91 50.13 51.97 55.02 58.08 61.14 64.19 67.25 70.31 73.36 79.48 82.53 85.59 279 11 P is the explosive density in g/cm 3
311 12 1/4 45.58 60.77 62.29 64.57 68.37 72.17 75.96 79.76 83.56 87.36 91.16 98.75 102.55 106.35 311 12 1/4 for the size hole in the 1.00g/cm3
381 15 68.41 91.21 93.49 96.91 102.61 108.31 114.01 119.71 125.41 131.11 136.81 148.21 153.91 159.61 281 15 column then multiply it by the
445 17 1/2 93.32 124.42 127.53 132.20 139.98 147.75 155.53 163.30 171.08 178.86 186.63 202.19 209.96 217.74 445 17 1/2 required density in g/cm3.
50
Volume Table
R E F E R E N C E
CUBIC METRES OF ROCK PER METRE OF BLASTHOLE
HOLE BURDEN SPACING
(Metres) (Metres)
1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 6.00 6.50 7.00 7.50 8.00 8.50 9.00 9.50 10.00 11.00 12.00
1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 1.00
1.25 1.56 1.88 2.19 2.50 2.81 3.13 3.44 3.75 4.38 5.00 5.63 6.25 1.25
1.50 1.88 2.25 2.63 3.00 3.38 3.75 4.13 4.50 5.25 6.00 6.75 7.50 9.00 1.50
2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 12.00 13.00 2.00
2.25 2.81 3.38 3.94 4.50 5.06 5.63 6.19 6.75 7.88 9.00 10.13 11.25 13.50 14.63 15.75 2.25
2.50 3.13 3.75 4.38 5.00 5.63 6.25 6.88 7.50 8.75 10.00 11.25 12.50 15.00 16.25 17.50 18.75 2.50
2.75 3.44 4.13 4.81 5.50 6.19 6.88 7.56 8.25 9.63 11.00 12.38 13.75 16.50 17.88 19.25 20.63 22.00 2.75
3.00 3.75 4.50 5.25 6.00 6.75 7.50 8.25 9.00 10.50 12.00 13.50 15.00 18.00 19.50 21.00 22.50 24.00 5.50 3.00
4.38 5.25 6.13 7.00 7.88 8.75 9.63 10.50 12.25 14.00 15.75 17.50 21.00 22.75 24.50 26.25 28.00 29.75 31.50 3.50
5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 10.00 11.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 24.00 26.00 28.00 30.00 32.00 34.00 36.00 38.00 4.00
5.63 6.75 7.88 9.00 10.13 11.25 12.38 13.50 15.75 18.00 20.25 22.50 27.00 29.25 31.50 33.75 36.00 38.25 40.50 42.75 45.00 4.50
7.50 8.75 10.00 11.25 12.50 13.75 15.00 17.50 20.00 22.50 25.00 30.00 32.50 35.00 37.50 40.00 42.50 45.00 47.50 50.00 55.00 5.00
9.00 10.50 12.00 13.50 15.00 16.50 18.00 21.00 24.00 27.00 30.00 36.00 39.00 42.00 45.00 48.00 51.00 54.00 57.00 60.00 66.00 72.00 6.00
11.38 13.00 14.63 16.25 17.88 19.50 22.75 26.00 29.25 32.50 39.00 42.25 45.50 48.75 52.00 55.25 58.50 61.75 65.00 71.50 78.00 6.50
12.25 14.00 15.75 17.50 19.25 21.00 24.50 28.00 31.50 35.00 42.00 45.50 49.00 52.50 56.00 59.50 63.00 66.50 70.00 77.00 84.00 7.00
13.13 15.00 16.88 18.75 20.63 22.50 26.25 30.00 33.75 37.50 45.00 48.75 52.50 56.25 60.00 63.75 67.50 71.25 75.00 82.50 90.00 7.50
16.00 18.00 20.00 22.00 24.00 28.00 32.00 36.00 40.00 48.00 52.00 56.00 60.00 64.00 68.00 72.00 76.00 80.00 88.00 96.00 8.00
17.00 19.13 21.25 23.38 25.50 29.75 34.00 38.25 42.50 51.00 55.25 59.50 63.75 68.00 72.25 76.50 80.75 85.00 93.50 102.00 8.50
18.00 20.25 22.50 24.75 27.00 31.50 36.00 40.50 45.00 54.00 58.50 63.00 67.50 72.00 76.50 81.00 85.50 90.00 99.00 108.00 9.00
21.38 23.75 26.13 28.50 33.25 38.00 42.75 47.50 57.00 61.75 66.50 71.25 76.00 80.75 85.50 90.25 95.00 104.50 114.00 9.50
22.50 25.00 27.50 30.00 35.00 40.00 45.00 50.00 60.00 65.00 70.00 75.00 80.00 85.00 90.00 95.00 100.00 110.00 120.00 10.00
24.75 27.50 30.25 33.00 38.50 44.00 49.50 55.00 66.00 71.50 77.00 82.50 88.00 93.50 99.00 104.50 110.00 121.00 132.00 11.00
30.00 33.00 36.00 42.00 48.00 54.00 60.00 72.00 78.00 84.00 90.00 96.00 102.00 108.00 114.00 120.00 132.00 144.00 12.00
Note: Tonnes of rock blasted can be calculated by multiplying the volume of rock by the density of the rock.
Calculation Cubic metres of rock / metres blasthole (V) = burden (B) x spacing (S).
Properties of Typical Rock Types

Material Solid Density Unconfined Compressive Young’s Modulus Poisson’s Ratio
(t/m3) Strength (MPa) (GPa)
Basalt 3.00 78 – 412 20 – 100 0.14 – 0.25
Bauxite 2.05
Clay – dense, wet 1.70
Coal, Anthracite 1.60 8 – 50
Coal, Bituminous 1.36
Dolerite 2.80 290 – 500
Dolomite 2.96 15 – 118 20 – 84 0.1 – 0.2
Earth, moist 1.80
Gneiss 2.88 78 – 240 25 – 60 0.1 – 0.19
Granite 2.72 100 – 275 25 – 70 0.15 – 0.34
Gypsum 2.80
Iron ore 4.89
Limestone 2.64 10 – 245 10 – 80 0.1 – 0.23
Limonite 3.76
Magnetite 5.05
Marble 2.48 50 – 200 60 – 90 0.2 – 0.35
Mica-Schist 2.70
Porphory 2.56
Quartzite 2.50 85 – 350 26 – 100 0.15 – 0.2
Sandstone 2.40 50 – 160 5 – 86 0.1 – 0.3
Shale 2.58 20 – 150 8 – 30 0.1 – 0.3
Silica Sand 2.56
Siltstone 2.25
Slate 2.72 98 – 196 30 – 90 0.1 –.0.44
Talc 2.64
51
Conversion Table
R E F E R E N C E
This unit Multiplied by Converts to This unit Multiplied by Converts to

Length Density
metres (m) 3.280 feet (ft) lbs / ft3 16.02 kg / m3
39.370 inches (in)
gm / cm3 62.43 lbs / ft3
inches (in) 25.400 millimetres (mm)
Powder Factor
kilometres (km) 0.621 miles
kg / m3 1.69 lb / yd3
Mass
kilogram (kg) 2.20 lb Speed
metric tonne (t) 1.10 short tons m / sec 3.28 ft / sec
ounce Avoirdupois (oz) 28.35 grams (g) in / sec 25.4 mm / sec

ounce Troy (oz) 31.10 grams (g) km / hour 0.62 miles / hour
grains 0.06 grams (g) Pressure
Energy psi 6.89 kPa
joule 0.24 calorie atmosphere (Atm) 14.70 psi
0.74 ft-lb bar 14.50 psi
calorie 3.09 ft-lb bar 100 kPa
kilowatt 1.34 horsepower
Temperature
Volume fahrenheit -32 0.56 centigrade
cubic centimetres 0.06 in3
centigrade + 17.78 1.8 fahrenheit
(cm3 or cc)
cubic metres (m3) 1.31 yd3 Area
cubic feet (ft ) 0.03
3
m 3 cm2 0.16 in2
US gallon 3.79 litres (l) m 2
1550.00 in2
ounces (US fluid) 29.57 cm3 ft2 0.09 m2
Converts to Divided by This unit Converts to Divided by This unit
Perimeter Control
Presplit Blasting is a technique to reduce the overbreak/back break on a blast. It
usually utilises decoupled charges in closely spaced blastholes.
The following formula can be used to estimate the centre to centre

distances of cartridged product for pre-splitting.
LxS L x QL
PF = D=
0.5 B x S x PF
PF = Required powder factor (usually 0.3 to 0.6 kg/m2) D = Centre – centre distance between cartridges (mm)
L = Length of charged hole QL = Charge density of the explosive, in kg/m
S = Spacing between holes B = Burden
52
Airblast
R E F E R E N C E
An airblast is an airborne shock wave that Typical K factors
results from the detonation of explosives.
Unconfined 185
The severity of an airblast is dependant
on explosive charge, distance, and Fully confined 3.3
especially the explosives confinement.
Expected damage
R -1.2 kPa
P=K
Q0.33 0.3 Windows rattle
0.7 1% of windows break
Where
P = pressure (kPa) 7 Most windows break, plaster cracks
K = state of confinement 30 Risk of damage to ear drums
Q = maximum instantaneous charge (kg)
R = distance from charge (m) Minimum levels quoted
Human discomfort 120db(in)
Onset of structure damage 130db(in)
or historic buildings where no specific limit exists
Please reference AS2187.2-2006 for further information
Ground Vibration
When an explosive is detonated Typical K factors
in a blasthole, a pressure wave is Free face – hard or highly structured rock 500
generated in the surrounding rock.
Free face average rock 1140
As this pressure wave moves from
the blasthole it forms seismic waves Heavily confined 5000
by displacing particles. The particle
movement is measured to determine Recommended maximum Peak Particle Velocities
the magnitude of the blast vibration. Housing and low rise residential buildings, 10 mm/sec
commercial buildings not included below
Maximum particle vibration can be
Commercial and industrial buildings or structures 25 mm/sec
estimated using the following formula.
of reinforced concrete or steel constructions
R B For high rise, hospitals, long floor spans, dams 5 mm/sec
V=K or historic buildings where no specified limit exists
Q0.5
Where Expected damage

V = peak particle velocity (mm/sec) PPV (mm/sec)
K = site and rock factor constant 13 Lower limit for damage to plaster walls
Q = maximum instantaneous charge (kg)
19 Lower limit for dry wall structures
B = constant related to the rock and site
(usually -1.6) 70 Minor damage
R = distance from charge (m) 140 >50% chance of minor damage to structures
190 50% chance of major damage
Please reference AS2187.2-2006 for further information
53
Glossary
R E F E R E N C E
Airblast Airborne shock wave resulting from Detonation pressure The pressure created in Pre-split A controlled blast in which
the detonation of explosives. the reaction zone of a detonating explosive. decoupled charges are fired in holes on
the perimeter of the excavation prior to the
Back break Rock broken beyond the limits Explosive Any chemical or mixture of main firing.
of the last row. chemicals that can react to produce
an explosion. Relative Bulk Strength (RBS) The energy
Blasthole pressure The pressure which yield per unit volume of an explosive
the gasses of detonation exert on the Free face A rock surface that provides the compared to ANFO.
blasthole wall. rock with room to expand when blasted.
Relative Weight Strength (RWS) The energy
Burden The distance between adjacent rows. Flyrock Rock that is propelled through air yield per unit mass of an explosive compared
from a blast. to ANFO.
Charge weight The amount of explosive
Fragmentation Measure to describe the size Spacing The distance between blastholes in
charge in kilograms.
of distribution of broken rock after blasting. the same row.
Column charge A continuous charge of
Ground vibration Ground movement caused Stemming Inert material used to confine the
explosives in a blasthole.
by the stress waves emanating from a blast. gasses generated during detonation.
Critical diameter The minimum diameter for
Initiation The act of detonating explosives by Swell factor The ratio of the volume of
propagation of a stable detonation.
any means. broken rock to the volume of in-situ rock.
Cutoffs A portion of an explosive column
Line drilling A method of overbreak control
that has failed to detonate due to rock Velocity of Detonation (VoD) The velocity at
which uses a series of closely spaced holes
movement. which a detonation progresses through
that are not charged.
an explosive.
Decoupling The use of explosive products Loading density The weight of explosives
having smaller volume than the volume of per metre of blasthole.
the blasthole it occupies.
Maximum Instantaneous Charge (MIC)
Delay blasting The use of delay detonators Mass of explosive detonating in some defined
or connectors to separate charges by a time period, usually 8 milliseconds.
defined time.
Particle velocity The speed of movement in
Density Mass per unit volume. a given direction of a rock or soil mass.
Safe Handling, Transportation And Storage

First Aid Technical Information
You can find detailed first aid information on the Technical information can be found on
relevant Dyno Nobel Safety Data Sheets. Refer to www.dynonobel.com or speak to your Dyno Nobel
www.dynonobel.com for more information if required. Commercial Manager.
Safety We offer a comprehensive range of:

n Technical Data Sheets (TDS)
All explosives are classified as dangerous goods and
n Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
can cause personal injury and damage to property if
n Explosive Engineers’ Guide
used incorrectly.
n Computer-Based Training (CBT) CDs
Transportation and Storage n Field Training Manuals
All explosives must be handled, transported and stored in n Product Price List
accordance with all relevant regulations. Stock should be

rotated so that older products are used first.
54
DISCLAIMER
The explosive products discussed in this document should only be handled by persons with the appropriate technical skills, training
and licences. While Dyno Nobel has made every effort to ensure the information in this document is correct, every user is responsible
for understanding the safe and correct use of the products. If you need specific technical advice or have any questions, you
should contact your Dyno Nobel representative. This information is provided without any warranty, express or implied, regarding its
correctness or accuracy and, to the maximum extent permitted by law, Dyno Nobel expressly disclaims any and all liability arising
from the use of this document or the information contained herein. It is solely the responsibility of the user to make enquiries, obtain
advice and determine the safe conditions for use of the products referred to herein and the user assumes liability for any loss,
damage, expense or cost resulting from such use.
® DYNO, GROUNDBREAKING PERFORMANCE, DYNOCONSULT, DETAPRILL, DYNOSPLIT, TITAN, POWERMITE,

POWERMITE THERMO, RiGHT, TROJAN, RINGPRIME, NONEL, PRIMACORD, PRIMALINE, BLASTLITE, 9000xero,
TWINPLEX, the Person and Pipe device, the Packaged Explosives device, the Loop device, the Blasting Accessories
device and Explosive Delivery Systems device are registered trademarks of the Dyno Nobel / Incitec Pivot Group.
SMARTSHOT and DIGISHOT PLUS are registered trademarks of DetNet South Africa (Proprietary) Limited.
™ SUPERTUBE, MINE TO MILL, EZTL, MS CONNECTOR and DYNOSTART are trademarks of the Dyno Nobel / Incitec Pivot
Group. ViewShot is a trademark of DetNet South Africa (Proprietary) Limited.
55
Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific
Queensland New South Wales Western Australia Indonesia

Principal Place of Business Mt Thorley Technical Centre Perth Office Jakarta Office
282 Paringa Road 5 Woodland Road Suite 3, Level 2 PT. dnx Indonesia
Gibson Island Mt Thorley NSW 2330 Eastpoint Plaza Park View Plaza, 1/F
Murarrie Qld 4172 Australia 233 Adelaide Terrace Jl. Taman Kemang 2 No. 27
Australia PMB 17 Perth WA 6000 Jakarta
PO Box 3559 Singleton NSW 2330 Australia Indonesia 12730
Tingalpa DC Qld 4173 Australia Telephone: +61 8 6188 3000 Telephone: +62 21 7179 4791
Australia Telephone: +61 2 6574 2500 Fax: +61 8 9325 4910 Fax: +62 21 7179 4794
Telephone: +61 7 3026 3900 Fax: +61 2 6574 6849
Fax: +61 7 3026 3999 Papua New Guinea
For PNG enquiries,
contact the Gibson Island,
Brisbane office.
www.dynonobel.com
© Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited 2015. Reproduction without permission is strictly prohibited.
Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited (ACN 003 269 010) is a subsidiary of Incitec Pivot Limited (ACN 004 080 264) Level 8, 28 Freshwater Place, Southbank Vic 3006.
SM0166/1215/AZZAUS/1K

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Surface Mining

Products, Services and

Its focus is on outcomes that make a fundamental and

Minimising Ore Dilution. By monitoring and modeling

Drill and Blast Auditing and Improvement Projects.

Coal Loss and Damage. DynoConsult has the experience

Dyno Nobel manufactures and has access to

Application should be avoided. Signs of ANFO degradation are

Features and Benefits

Description Prills smaller than 1 mm (%) 1±1

Detaprill is a porous prilled form of ammonium nitrate.

Features and Benefits

Reactive Ground Conditions

Features and Benefits

Reactive Ground Conditions

Reactive Ground Conditions

disruption. Contact your Dyno Nobel representative if you

Maximum Hole Depth

recommended. Additional boosters are recommended

Emulsion Content % w/w 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

As the emulsion content of the blend increases, the water

resistance of the product also increases.

TITAN 5000 Heavy ANFO blends may be detonated at

Emulsion Content % w/w 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

recommended. Additional boosters are recommended

Reactive Ground Conditions

Application applications in ground with temperatures outside this

Incorrectly sensitised gassed blends may lead to poor

Features and Benefits Properties Poured Blow Loaded

Reactive Ground Conditions

Reactive Ground Conditions

Dynosplit® RiGHT® explosive is an inhibited high Ground Temperature

DynoSplit Pro explosive has a recommended shelf life

Reactive Ground Conditions

Reactive Ground Conditions

explosive for use in hard blasting conditions. This product

Reactive Ground Conditions

Properties Primacord 5 Primaline 10

Colour / Counter Red / 2 black Red

Features and Benefits

Application 8 tube joiners

NONEL Lead Line is used as a reel-off lead-in line,

NONEL Lead Line is initiated with the DynoStart™ unit or

Features and Benefits

Application Recommendations 109 Black

ALWAYS use Primacord® 4 (3.6g/m; 18g/ft) coreload 176 Orange

ALWAYS protect the NONEL MS CONNECTOR block and

ALWAYS use in-hole delays to minimise the chance of

ALWAYS trim excess lengths of detonating cord from the

ALWAYS store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated magazine for

ALWAYS rotate explosive inventory to ensure old stock is

For maximum shelf life of three (3) years, NONEL MS

The NONEL MS HT Series unit can be safely used in

designed for use in high in-hole temperatures up to 70°C.

Maximum Hole Depth

Features and Benefits

Features and Benefits

Features and Benefits Units/Case 36

Features and Benefits

busline on the pattern.