Voting Methods and Apportionment Assessment
Voting Methods and Apportionment Assessment
Voting Methods and Apportionment Assessment
Voting Exercises
The students in Dr. Lee’s math class are asked to vote on the starting time for their final exam. Their choices are
M for 8:00AM, A for 10:00AM, T for 12NN, or H for 2:00PM. The results of the election are shown in the preference
table below.
Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2
First Choice M A T H A M
Second Choice A M H T T H
Third Choice T H A M M A
Fourth Choice H T M A H T
With a total of 14 votes in the first choice using the plurality method, A or 10:00 AM is the starting time.
2. Using the plurality method, was the head-to-head comparison criterion violated?
Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2
First Choice M: 32 A: 48 T: 20 H: 12 A: 8 M: 8
Second Choice A: 24 M: 36 H: 15 T: 9 T: 6 H: 6
Third Choice T: 16 H: 24 A: 10 M: 6 M: 4 A: 4
Fourth Choice H: 8 T: 12 M: 5 A: 3 H: 2 T: 2
M = 32 + 36 + 5 + 6 + 4 + 8 = 91
A = 24 + 48 + 10 + 3 + 8 + 4 = 93
T = 16 + 12 + 20 + 9 + 6 + 2 = 65
H = 8 + 24 + 15 + 12 + 2 + 6 = 67
4. Using the Borda count method, was the majority criterion violated?
It was not violated because 14 voters listed A first and A won using the Borda count method.
5. Determine the starting time using the plurality with elimination method.
Round 1
Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2
First Choice M A T H A M
Second Choice A M H T T H
Third Choice T H A M M A
Fourth Choice H T M A H T
M = 10, A = 14, T = 5, H = 3
Round 2
Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2
First Choice M A T T A M
Second Choice A M A M T A
Third Choice T T M A M T
M = 10, A = 14, T = 8
Round 3
Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2
First Choice M A A M A M
Second Choice A M M A M A
M = 13, A = 18
6. Using the plurality with elimination, was the majority criterion violated?
M vs A M vs T
Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2 Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2
First Choice M A A M A M First Choice M M T T T M
Second Choice A M M A M A Second Choice T T M M M T
M = 13, A = 19 M = 22, T = 10
M vs H A vs T
Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2 Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2
First Choice M M H H M M First Choice A A T T A A
Second Choice H H M M H H Second Choice T T A A T T
M = 24, H = 8 A = 24, T = 8
A vs H T vs H
TOTAL
Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2 Number of Votes 8 12 5 3 2 2
M 1 1 2
First Choice A A H H A H First Choice T H T H T H
A 1 1 1 3
Second Choice H H A A H A Second Choice H T H T H T
T 0
A = 22, H = 10 T= 15, H = 17
H 1 1
Conclusion: A or 10:00 AM is the starting time using the pairwise comparison method.
8. If a room for Dr. Lee’s final exam was not available at 2:00PM, and the votes were recounted in the election, is
the irrelevant alternatives criterion violated?
It is not violated because it would only subtract 1 win from M and A, thus not affecting the overall result.