Political Law Constitutional Law Judicial Department Supreme Court Procedural Rule-Making

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Political Law; Constitutional Law; Judicial Department; Supreme Court; Procedural

Rule-Making

Promulgate rules concerning the protection and enforcement of constitutional rights, pleading, practice,
and procedure in all courts, the admission to the practice of law, the integrated bar, and legal assistance
to the under-privileged. Such rules shall provide a simplified and inexpensive procedure for the speedy
disposition of cases, shall be uniform for all courts of the same grade, and shall not diminish, increase, or
modify substantive rights. Rules of procedure of special courts and quasi-judicial bodies shall remain
effective unless disapproved by the Supreme Court. [Sec. 5 (5), Art. VIII, 1987 Constitution]

The 1987 Constitution gave the Supreme Court, for the first time, the power to promulgate rules
concerning the protection and enforcement of constitutional rights. More importantly, it took away the
power of the Congress to repeal, alter or supplement rules concerning pleading, practice and procedure.
Thus, for instance, the payment of legal fees is a vital component of the rules promulgated by the Court
concerning pleading, practice and procedure, it cannot be validly annulled by Congress. [Baguio Market
Vendors v. Judge, G.R. No. 165922, February 26, 2010]

The rules must provide a simplified and inexpensive procedure for the speedy disposition of cases; they
must be uniform for all courts of the same grade; and must not diminish, increase or modify substantive
rights. [Primicias v. Ocampo, G.R. No. L-6120, June 30, 1953] Thus, a Supreme Court circular which
orders that appeals from decision of administrative agencies shall be filed with the Court of Appeals,
does not diminish, increase or modify the substantive right to appeal. It merely transferred the venue of
appeal and its period, which are procedural in character. [First Lepanto Ceramics, v. Court of Appeals,
G.R. No. 110571, March 10, 1994]

Because of this constitutional grant, it was held that it is within the competence of the Supreme Court, in
the exercise of its power to promulgate rules governing the enforcement and protection of Constitutional
rights and rules governing pleading, practice and procedure in all courts, to create a Special Division in
the Sandiganbayan which will hear and decide the plunder case of former President Estrada. [Re:
Request for creation of a special division, A.M. No. 02-1-09-SC, January 21, 2002].

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