Background of The Study: Students Have Different Ways and Strategies in Which They Prefer During Studying and Learning

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Learning strategies are those techniques or specialized skills that the learner has
developed to use in both formal and informal learning situations while learning styles
refers to the ways that people find or gather information. George Evans, once explain
how students learn and absorb knowledge. Thus, “Every student can learn, just not on
the same day, or the same way.” One aspect of a student’s approach to learning is his
or her use of learning strategies. Students have different ways and strategies in which
they prefer during studying and learning. It depends whether they want to write down
notes or just listen to what their teacher is discussing. “Some students prefer to learn
by themselves in their own time, in familiar surroundings rather than in groups. Students
tend to perceive information differently, such as by viewing and listening, reflective and
acting, to reasoning logically and intuitively and also scrutinizing and visualising” (Felder
& Henriques, 1995, p. 1). ---- This has clearly portrayed that all students display
characteristics of various dimensions, and may move from one to the other depending
on the topic, its context, and the particular task demands made on the students (Wong,
2004, p. 9). --- The learning styles of the students influence their ability to acquire
information and respond to the learning environment (Azlinda, 2006, p. 1). Students can
plan and manage their language learning activities better if they can discover their
preferred learning styles. This can "assist the students to enhance and take advantage
of their natural skills and inclinations. As students’ motivation will be sustained and they
can progress well in the language learning process” (Azlinda, 2006, p. 1).
“We have identified 4400 learning strategies: that is, those processes which
learners use to enhance their own learning. Many were re-labeled versions of others,
some were minor modifications of others, but there remained many contenders
purported to be powerful learning strategies. Such strategies help the learner structure
his or her thinking so as to plan, set goals and monitor progress, make adjustments,
and evaluate the process of learning and the outcomes.” (Hattie & Donoghue, 2016). As
with people having many and their own characteristics, there is a wide number of
learning strategies variations we know and how well we use them. Activities such as
planning, monitoring comprehension, and evaluating progress are cognitive we have in
nature. Students with better developed cognitive skills typically have a better sense of
their own strengths and needs related to the learning process. They have a larger stock
of learning strategies—again, many of them used almost unconsciously. And most
importantly, they are likely to select and use the learning strategy that is most effective
in helping them address a particular learning task.
A great deal of attention has been given to the way individuals learn or
understand new information and as well as their preferred methods of learning. As a
consequence, it has become a key point for students to understand their own learning
styles to enable them to benefit from the language learning process well.
The researchers are going to investigate the relation of preferred learning
strategies of students towards effective learning at National College of Science and
Technology – Senior High School. Because one of the common ways we use at school
is our prefered learning strategies that we discovered ourselves specifically on their
cognitive strategies (linking with prior knowledge, repeating, summarizing, applying

rules, associating, transferring, clarifying, practicing, inferencing, and analyzing).
Focusing on them can show useful findings which will contribute about the ways to
improve student’s learning.

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CHAPTER I

Background of the Study

planning, monitoring comprehension, and evaluating progress are cognitive we have in

of learning strategies—again, many of them used almost unconsciously. And most

in helping them address a particular learning task.

understand new information and as well as their preferred methods of learning. As a

The researchers are going to investigate the relation of preferred learning

strategies of students towards effective learning at National College of Science and

is our prefered learning strategies that we discovered ourselves specifically on their

cognitive strategies (linking with prior knowledge, repeating, summarizing, applying

improve student’s learning.

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