ANSI B3.

3-1992

for Rolling Element Bearings –

Aircraft Engine, Engine Gearbox,
and Accessory Applications –
Surface Temper Etch
ANSI B3.3-1992

American National Standards Institute

11 West 42nd Street
New York, New York
10036
 ®
ANSI
B3.3-1992

American National Standard

for Rolling Element Bearings –
Aircraft Engine, Engine Gearbox,
and Accessory Applications –
Surface Temper Etch

Secretariat
Anti-Friction Bearing Manufacturers Association, Inc.

Approved February 21, 1992

American National Standards Institute, Inc.
American Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI
that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for
National approval have been met by the standards developer.

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Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly
and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more
than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires
that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be
made toward their resolution.
The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their
existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved
the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using
products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.
The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and
will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National
Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an
interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American
National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be ad-
dressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page
of this standard.
CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or
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Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or
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National Standards Institute.

Published by

American National Standards Institute

11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036

Copyright © 1992 by American National Standards Institute

All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any

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without prior written permission of the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

APS2C592/18
Contents
Page

Foreword ..................................................................................................ii
1 Scope ................................................................................................1
2 Normative references .........................................................................1
3 Definitions .........................................................................................1
4 Requirements ....................................................................................2
5 Test methods .....................................................................................3
6 Acceptance limits ...............................................................................7
7 Records .............................................................................................7

i
Foreword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard B3.3-1992.)
This American National Standard was prepared by a task force consisting
of representatives of companies which manufacture rolling element bear-
ings and aircraft, or aircraft engines, or both, in the United States. This
standard is issued by the Accredited Standards Committee B3 of the
American National Standards Institute as an industrial standard that is
intended to be used by aircraft manufacturers, or aircraft engine manufac-
turers, or both, for the procurement of rolling element bearings for aircraft
engine and accessory applications. (This document parallels MIL-STD-
867A (USAF), Military standard temper etch inspection. )

Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They should

be sent to the Anti-Friction Bearing Manufacturers Association, Inc., 1101
Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036.

This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the
Accredited Standards Committee on Ball and Roller Bearings, B3.
Committee approval of this standard does not necessarily imply that all com-
mittee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard,
the B3 Committee had the following members:

Gene Looft, Chairman

Robert H. Feest, Vice-Chairman
Gary T. Satterfield, Secretary
Organization Represented Name of Representative
Anti-Friction Bearing Manufacturers Association, Inc. .........Robert H. Feest
Cameron Gardella
P.S. Given
C.A. Griffiths
W.G. Looft
P.S. Orvos
B. Pratt
S.J. Puckett
Defense Industrial Supply ..................................................Leon Silverman
Hydraulic Institute..............................................................R. Barry Erickson
Allen P. Wherry (Alt.)
National Machine Tool Builders Association .......................L.E. Remillard
Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers ..............E.E. Pfaffenberger
U.S. Department of the Navy .............................................Adelbert J. Durig

Individual Members
W.J. Anderson
G.W. Argadine
Arthur L. Butterworth
J.C. Clark
W.J. Derner
Joseph W. Lenski, Jr.
Quoc Nguyen
William E. Poole
John E. Sague
E. Zaretsky

ii
AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI B3.3-1992

American National Standard

for Rolling Element Bearings –
Aircraft Engine, Engine Gearbox,
and Accessory Applications –
Surface Temper Etch

1 Scope ANSI/SAE ARP 1923, Qualification and certifi-

cation of etch inspectors
During the manufacture of bearing compo -
MIL-STD 867A-1979, Military standard temper
nents, there are many grinding processes
etch inspection 1)
which must be carefully controlled. These
grinding processes can cause excessive local-
ized heating of the metal being worked and
3 Definitions
result in altering the metallurgical structure of
the alloy. An inspection method of etching the
3.1 critical surfaces: Bearing critical sur-
ground surface of these alloys with acids per-
faces are the surfaces of balls, rollers, and
mits detection of those altered structures. This
raceways.
specification for temper etch inspection details
the methods and controls for performing etch- 3.2 tempering: Areas darker in color than
ing of ground surfaces for the detection, qualifi- the surrounding etched surfaces indicate
cation, and control of altered metallurgical lower surface hardness. The areas affected
structures of various metallic alloys subjected are recognized as dark gray to black in color.
to grinding. The burnt condition may be produced by
abnormal tempering as a result of localized
This specification presents two basic methods
overheating due to abusive grinding.
of etch, one of alcohol base and another of
water base, in addition to use of a photo- 3.3 rehardening: Areas white or very much
graphic gray scale to control bath immersion lighter in color than the surrounding etched
times and part etching levels. This standard surfaces indicate higher surface hardness.
parallels MIL-STD-867A (USAF), Military stan- The areas affected may be recognized as
dard temper etch inspection. 1) white islands surrounded by a border of tem-
pered metal (black). The rehardened condition
is produced by localized overheating that
exceeds the critical temperature of the metal.
2 Normative references The rehardening condition is the result of very
severe abusive grinding.
The following standards contain provisions
3.4 decarburization: Areas lighter in color
which, through reference in this text, consti-
than the surrounding unburnt areas indicate a
tute provisions of this American National
lower surface hardness. This discrepancy is
Standard. At the time of publication, the edi-
unrelated to abusive grinding. These areas are
tions indicated were valid. All standards are
deficient in carbon ( decarburization ) and are
subject to revision, and parties to agreements
produced by certain heat treatment conditions.
based on this American National Standard are
encouraged to investigate the possibility of 3.5 false indications: Indications caused by
applying the most recent editions of the stan- smears, stains, certain wheel patterns, buffing
dards indicated below. wheel patterns, smutty finishes, fingerprints,

1) Available from the Naval Publications and Forms Center, Attention NPFC-3064, 5801 Tabor Avenue,
Philadelphia, PA 19120.
1
ANSI B3.3-1992

and corrosion shall not be considered true ing from overstress of the material during
temper indications. solidification.
3.6 Kodak paper gray scale: Photographic 3.18 inclusion: An entrapped foreign mat-
gray scale #906GS171 calibrated. Used to erial particle retained in the metal during solidi-
compare to etched parts for setting immersion fication, irregular in shape and dark-colored in
times or to determine acceptable etching. contrast to the normal metallic shiny surface.
3.7 nital etch: A process that makes possi- 3.19 tool marks: Recurring undulations or
ble the study of steel grain structures, soft irregularities.
spots, and grinding damage by dipping the
3.20 grinding tears: A deep narrow
parts into nitric acid, alcohol, and water.
scratch, parallel to the lay of the surface,
3.8 nicks, dents, or indentations: Depres- sometimes with a hole at one end, resulting
sions or hollows on a surface made by from material being pulled during a grinding or
mechanical injuries to the surface, such as honing operation. The scratch and the hole
from pressure or blows by hard objects are commonly known as a comet tail and
against the finished surface. These generally comet head, respectively.
appear the same as the unmarred surface
around, and are visible only by virtue of light
reflection caused by the change in uniformity
of the surface. Typically these defects are
bright-bottomed. 4 Requirements
3.9 wheel chatter: Recurring undulations or
4.1 General requirements
irregularities on the finished surface normally
resulting from grinding wheel skips or external Temper etch inspection is performed on
vibration. ground surfaces of various steel alloys. All
parts shall be 100% inspected. Alloys applica-
3.10 scratch: A linear depression with a
ble to this inspection are from the following
sharp bottom caused by movement of a sharp
groups:
object or particle across the surface.
4.1.1 52100 type alloys
3.11 cracks: A separation, fissure, or rup-
ture of material surface characterized by These alloys are as follows: SAE 52100; SAE
sharp edges or sharp changes in direction, or 4140; SAE 4330; SAE 4340, 300M, D6AC;
both, usually narrow and linear. SAE 4620, 9310, AMS 6260, 8620, etc.
3.12 lap: Folding of metal onto itself during 4.1.2 M-50 type alloys
mechanical deformation, entrapping oxides or
These alloys are: through-hardened J-11,
films.
M-50, M-2, H-13, etc., and case-carburized
3.13 seam: A linear imperfection caused by M-50 NIL, etc.
folding over of metal edges during rolling or
4.1.3 Visual inspection areas
forging operations, discontinuities in material
(see also lap ). The visual inspection areas shall be illumi-
nated by a minimum of 200 ft -candles (2000
3.14 microshrinkage: Linear or nonlinear
lux) at inspection level. The white light
discontinuities of varying forms caused by
intensity shall be checked at minimum on a
decrease in volume during solidification.
semi-annual basis, and a calibration sticker
3.15 porosity: A series of holes or pits placed on the fixture.
caused by air or gas trapped in the metal dur-
4.1.4 Surface temper inspection
ing solidification.
Surface temper inspection shall be done
3.16 cold shut: Intermittent or continuous
before any plating, shot peening, sandblast-
lines caused by unfused material.
ing, or other surface process such as black
3.17 hot tears: Linear fractures in the form oxide coating and manganese phosphate
of ragged, wavy lines of variable width result- coating.

2
 ANSI B3.3-1992

4.1.5 Nonvisual inspection activity applies if an alcohol acid solution is used for
etching; alternatively, an alcohol rinse may be
The inspector shall have 15 min of nonvisual
used.)
inspection activity after 2 hours of continuous
high visual concentration. 5.1.4 Nitric acid etch
4.1.6 Post-etch grinding Parts shall be immersed in a solution of nitric
acid and water or alcohol for approximately 15
Post-etch grinding of faces and external ring
to 60 s, or until a uniform gray color is
corners of rolling element bearings is permit-
obtained. Immersion time can be adjusted to
ted without reinspection, provided each grind-
obtain a gray level equivalent to the range
ing pass is limited to 0.001 in (0.025 mm)
between 0.67 to 1.35 inclusive using a Kodak
maximum stock removal.
paper gray scale #906GS171, or equivalent,
4.1.7 Magnetic particle inspection as a reference. The total range of the etchant
shall be 1.0 to 4.0% by volume and controlled
Magnetic particle inspection, if specified, shall
to an operating range of 1.0% at room temper-
be done prior to temper etch inspection.
ature, 60 to 90°F (15.5 to 32.2°C).
4.2 Inspection personnel requirements
NOTE – Water-based solution will etch much
4.2.1 All surface temper inspection person- more quickly; therefore, the gray color will be the
time determining function.
nel (operators and inspectors) shall be certi-
fied by the customer in accordance with the 5.1.5 Rinse
requirements outlined in ANSI/SAE ARP 1923.
The recertification period may be altered to Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.
that permitted by MIL-STD-867A by agreement 5.1.6 Dry
between customer and bearing manufacturer.
Air blow to remove excess water that may
4.2.2 All applicants shall have a minimum of affect the concentration of the etch bath. (This
4 hours of formal classroom training. applies if an alcohol acid solution is used for
etching; alternatively, an alcohol rinse may be
4.2.3 All applicants shall have at least one
used.)
month of on-the-job training in the temper etch
process prior to certification. 5.1.7 Muriatic acid etch
Parts shall be immersed in a solution of con-
centrated muriatic acid and water or alcohol
5 Test methods
(five parts muriatic acid to 95 parts mix) for 1
to 1-1/2 min. The operating range of the
The choice of method described below is left to
etchant shall be 4 to 6% by volume at room
the bearing manufacturer, with the exception of
temperature, 60 to 90°F (15.5 to 32.2°C).
the material restrictions noted. All etchants are
to be technical grade acids. 5.1.8 Rinse
5.1 Etch method (52100 type) Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.
5.1.1 Cleaning 5.1.9 Neutralize
Parts shall be cleaned preferably by immer- Parts shall be immersed in a solution with a
sion in a hot detergent solution. Alternative pH of 10 minimum for at least 15 s. A blue
cleaning may be used as long as acceptably response on pH paper will meet this require-
clean parts are obtained. ment.
5.1.2 Rinse 5.1.10 Rinse
One, preferably two, tanks of cold overflowing Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.
water 10 s minimum.
5.1.11 Dry
5.1.3 Dry
Air blow to remove excess water, or place
Air blow to remove excess water that may parts in a controlled, water-displacing, rust-
affect the concentration of the etch bath. (This preventative oil bath, agitate, and then allow

3
ANSI B3.3-1992

to dwell 1 min minimum. The oil bath alterna- gray scale #906GS171, or equivalent, as a
tive satisfies the requirements of 5.1.12. reference. The operating range of the etchant
shall be 1.0 to 4.0% by volume and controlled
5.1.12 Corrosion protection to an operating range of 1.0% at room temper-
Parts shall be immersed in a light, rust-preventa- ature, 60 to 90°F (15.5 to 32.2°C).
tive oil to protect components during inspection. 5.2.8 Rinse
Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.
5.2 Etch method (M-50 type)
5.2.9 Dry
5.2.1 Cleaning Air blow to remove excess water that may
Parts shall be cleaned preferably by immer- affect the concentration of the etch bath. (This
sion in a hot detergent solution. Alternative applies if an alcohol acid solution is used for
cleaning may be used as long as acceptably etching; alternatively, an alcohol rinse may be
clean parts are obtained. used.)
5.2.10 Second muriatic acid etch
5.2.2 Rinse
Parts shall be immersed in a solution of con-
One, preferably two, tanks of cold overflowing
centrated muriatic acid and alcohol or water (5
water, 10 s minimum.
parts concentrated, muriatic acid to 95 parts
5.2.3 Dry mix) for 2-1/2 to 3 min. The operating range of
the etchant shall be 4 to 6% at room tempera-
Air blow to remove excess water that may ture, 60 to 90°F (15.5 to 32.2°C).
affect the concentration of the etch bath. (This
applies if an alcohol acid solution is used for 5.2.11 Rinse
etching; alternatively, an alcohol rinse may be Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.
used.)
5.2.12 Neutralize
5.2.4 First muriatic acid etch Parts shall be immersed in a solution with a pH
Parts shall be immersed in a solution of con- of 10 minimum for at least 15 s. A blue response
centrated muriatic acid and alcohol or water (5 on pH paper will meet this requirement.
parts muriatic acid to 95 parts mix) for 3 min 5.2.13 Rinse
± 30 s. The operating range of the etchant
shall be 4 to 6% by volume at room tempera- Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.
ture, 60 to 90°F (15.5 to 32.2°C). 5.2.14 Dry
5.2.5 Rinse Air blow to remove excess water, or place
parts in a controlled, water-displacing, rust-
Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.
preventative oil bath, agitate, and then allow
5.2.6 Dry to dwell 1 min minimum. The oil bath alterna-
tive also satisfies the requirement of 5.2.15.
Air blow to remove excess water that may
affect the concentration of the etch bath. (This 5.2.15 Corrosion protection
applies if an alcohol acid solution is used for Parts shall be immersed in a light, rust-preventa-
etching; alternatively, an alcohol rinse may be tive oil to protect components during inspection.
used.)

5.2.7 Nitric acid etch 5.3 Etch method (localized etch)

Parts shall be immersed in a solution of nitric WARNING – Do not preclean too many parts at
acid and water or alcohol for 3 min ± 30 s, or a time as dry parts are more prone to corrosion.
until a uniform gray color is obtained.
5.3.1 Cleaning
Immersion time can be adjusted to obtain a
gray level equivalent to the range between Parts shall be cleaned preferably by immer-
0.67 to 1.35 inclusive using a Kodak paper sion in a hot detergent solution. Alternative

4
 ANSI B3.3-1992

cleaning may be used as long as acceptably lent to the range between 0.67 to 1.35 inclu-
clean parts are obtained. sive using a Kodak paper gray scale
#906GS171, or equivalent, as a reference.
5.3.2 Rinse
NOTE – Water-based solution will etch much
One, preferably two, tanks of cold overflowing more quickly; therefore, the gray color will be the
water, 10 s minimum. time determining function.

5.3.7.2 External surfaces

5.3.3 Dry
Place part in second, appropriately-sized,
Air blow to remove excess water that may shallow dish containing only enough, 1 to 4%,
affect the concentration of the etch bath. (This solution of nitric acid and water or alcohol
applies if an alcohol acid solution is used for to wet the surface to be etched, and slowly
etching; alternatively, an alcohol rinse may be dip, rotate, or swab the part, for M-50 type 2
used.) to 3 min, and for 52100 type 15 to 60 s, or
until a uniform gray color is obtained.
5.3.4 First muriatic acid etch (M-50 type Immersion time can be adjusted to obtain a
only) gray level equiva-lent to the range between
0.67 to 1.35 inclusive using a Kodak paper
5.3.4.1 Internal surfaces gray scale #906GS171, or equivalent, as a
Dip felt pad cut to size in a 5% ± 1% solution reference.
of concentrated muriatic acid and alcohol or NOTE – Water-based solution will etch much
water (5 parts muriatic acid to 95 parts mix), more quickly; therefore, the gray color will be the
and swab area to be etched for 2 to 3 min, time determining function.
occasionally redipping felt pad.
5.3.8 Rinse
5.3.4.2 External surfaces Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.
Place part in appropriately-sized shallow dish 5.3.9 Dry
containing only enough, 5% ± 1%, solution of
concentrated muriatic acid and alcohol or Air blow to remove excess water that may
water to wet the surface to be etched, and affect the concentration of the etch bath.
slowly dip or rotate the part for 2 to 3 min. (This applies if an alcohol acid solution is
used for etching; alternatively, an alcohol
5.3.5 Rinse rinse may be used.)
Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum. 5.3.10 Second muriatic acid etch (M-50
and 52100 types)
5.3.6 Dry
5.3.10.1 Internal surfaces
Air blow to remove excess water that may
affect the concentration of the etch bath. Dip first felt pad in a 5% ± 1% solution of con-
(This applies if an alcohol acid solution is centrated muriatic acid and alcohol or water,
used for etching; alternatively, an alcohol and swab area to be etched, for M-50 type 2
rinse may be used.) to 3 min, and for 52100 type 1 to 1-1/2 min,
occasionally redipping felt pad.
5.3.7 N i t r i c a c i d e t c h ( M - 5 0 a n d 5 2 1 0 0
types) 5.3.10.2 External surfaces
Place part in first dish containing 5% ± 1%
5.3.7.1 Internal surfaces solution of concentrated muriatic acid and
Dip a second felt pad cut to size in a 1 to 4% alcohol or water, and slowly dip or rotate the
solution of nitric acid and water or alcohol, part, for M-50 type 2 to 3 min, and for 52100
and swab area to be etched, for M-50 type 2 type 15 to 60 s.
to 3 min, and for 52100 type 15 to 60 s or until
5.3.11 Rinse
uniform gray color is obtained. Swabbing time
can be adjusted to obtain a gray level equiva- Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum.

5
ANSI B3.3-1992

5.3.12 Neutralize tion ±1 and remain within the range. Immersion

tim e ca n b e a d justed to o b tain a g ra y level
Parts shall be immersed in a solution with a pH
equivalent to the range between 0.67 to 1.35
of 10 minimum for at least 15 s. A blue response
inclusive using a Kodak paper gray scale
on pH paper will meet this requirement.
#906GS171, or equivalent, as a reference.
5.3.13 Rinse NOTE – Water-based solution will etch much
more quickly; therefore, the gray color will be the
Use cold overflowing water, 10 s minimum. time determining function.

5.3.14 Dry 5.4.4.2 M-50 type steel

Air blow to remove excess water, or place Parts shall be immersed in a solution of nitric
parts in a controlled, water-displacing, rust- acid and water for 15 to 60 s or until a uniform
preventative oil bath, agitate, and then allow to gray color is obtained. Immersion time can be
dwell 1 min minimum. The oil bath alternative adjusted to obtain a gray level equivalent to
also satisfies the requirements of 5.3.15. the range between 0.67 to 1.35 inclusive
using a Kodak paper gray scale #906GS171,
5.3.15 Corrosion protection or equivalent, as a reference. The operating
Parts shall be immersed in a light, rust-preven- range of the etchant shall be 1 to 4% by vol-
tative oil to protect components during inspec- ume at room temperature, 60 to 90°F (15.5 to
tion. 32.2°C). The vendor may select any concen-
tration in that range, but must control the
5.4 Water base short cycle etch selected concentration ±1 and remain within
the range.
5.4.1 Cleaning
NOTE – Water-based solution will etch much
Parts shall be cleaned preferably by immer- more quickly; therefore, the gray color will be the
sion in a hot detergent solution. Alternative or time determining function.
additional cleaning may be used as long as
5.4.5 Post etch rinse
acceptably clean parts are obtained.
Rinse in warm overflowing tap water, 80 to
5.4.2 First rinse 100°F (26.7 to 37.8°C) 5 to 10 s.
Rinse in hot overflowing tap water, 90 to
5.4.6 Corrosion protection
120°F (32.2 to 48.9°C) 5 to 10 s.
Parts shall be first sloshed then allowed to
5.4.3 Second rinse dwell 1 min minimum in a water-displacing,
rust-preventative oil prior to inspection.
5.4.3.1 52100 type steel
Rinse in ambient overflowing tap water, 60 to 5.5 Maintenance and control of nital etch
90°F (15.5 to 32.2°C) 5 to 10 s. process baths
5.5.1 The solution (acid etchants and neu-
5.4.3.2 M-50 type steel tralizer) shall be checked and logged once per
Rinse in hot overflowing tap water, 100 to shift, when in use by the nital etch operator,
140°F (37.8 to 60°C) 5 to 10 s. for conformance to concentration limits.
Defect samples shall be used each shift
5.4.4 Nitric acid etch (daily), during the solution life, to verify effec-
tiveness.
5.4.4.1 52100 type steel
5.5.2 Proper additions shall be made to the
Parts shall be immersed in a solution of nitric
solutions by the nital etch operator in order to
acid and water for 2 to 4 s or until a uniform
maintain the required concentrations.
gray color is obtained. The operating range of
the etchant shall be 1 to 4% by volume at room 5.5.3 Solutions shall be discarded when ana-
temperature, 60 to 90°F (15.5 to 32.2°C). The lysis of tests indicate the need for change; how-
vendor may select any concentration in that ever, more frequent changing may be required
range, but must control the selected concentra- if experience indicates that this practice is nec-

6
 ANSI B3.3-1992

essary to control excessive contamination. In 6.3.2 Noncritical surfaces shall not exhibit
any event, all new solutions shall be checked d iscon tin u o u s su rface tem p e r ind ications
for concentration limits before usage. exceeding 20% of the total etched area.
CAUTION – When mixing solutions, always 6.3.3 Noncritical surfaces shall not exhibit
add acid to alcohol or water, never alcohol continuous surface temper indications
or water to acid.
exceeding 10% of the total etched areas.
5.5.4 The etching solution tanks and neu- 6.3.4 Noncritical areas with limited patterns
tralizer tank should be covered when not in
of abnormal tempering are acceptable, only if
use to retard evaporation losses and to pre- the hardness tests in the pattern areas conform
vent contamination. to purchaser’s engineering print standards.
5.5.5 Timer shall be calibrated, at minimum, 6.4 Questionable parts
on a yearly basis and have an unexpired sticker.
6.4.1 Visible imperfections such as nicks,
5.5.6 All cold water rinse tanks shall be dents, wheel chatter, scratches, or tool marks
equipped with constant overflow to prevent shall be noted, tagged, or marked and evalu-
surface film build-up. ated to visual standards for acceptance or
rejection.
6 Acceptance limits 6.4.2 After processing, should any areas
appear unetched due to air entrapment,
6.1 Any surface incomplete cleaning, etc. that interfere with
acceptable inspection, parts exhibiting this
Material defects such as cracks, laps, seams, condition shall have the etch removed, be
microshrinkage, porosity, cold shuts, hot cleaned, and reprocessed.
tears, inclusions, etc. shall be cause for rejec-
tion, and so noted by the inspector. 6.5 Nonconformances
6.2 Critical surfaces Parts not meeting the requirements of this
standard shall be rejected. If rework or repair
Raceways, sidewalls (also called guide is performed, reinspection is required.
flanges or ribs), balls, and rolls (also called
rollers) shall not exhibit any overetching out-
side the gray scale limits, or overtempering,
rehardening, or decarburization. 7 Records
6.3 Noncritical surfaces (remaining sur-
Records shall be kept of inspection and appli-
faces)
cable test results. (The quality department shall
6.3.1 Noncritical surfaces shall not exhibit be responsible for maintaining the records on
any rehardened or decarburized areas. file for 15 years.)