Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 173 views

    Hepatitis A

    Uploaded by

    mariyam
    Hepatitis A is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV) and results in inflammation of the liver. It is typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route. HAV infection causes an acute form of hepatitis and most infected children have no symptoms, while adults frequently experience jaundice and fatigue. There is no treatment for HAV infection, but vaccination can prevent infection.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Hepatitis A

    Uploaded by

    mariyam
    173 views14 pages
    Hepatitis A is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV) and results in inflammation of the liver. It is typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route. HAV infection causes an acute form of hepatitis and most infected children have no symptoms, while adults frequently experience jaundice and fatigue. There is no treatment for HAV infection, but vaccination can prevent infection.

    Original Description:

    powerpoint presentation on infectious liver disease hepatitis a

    Original Title

    hepatitis a

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    ODP, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Hepatitis A is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV) and results in inflammation of the liver. It is typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route. HAV infection causes an acute form of hepatitis and most infected children have no symptoms, while adults frequently experience jaundice and fatigue. There is no treatment for HAV infection, but vaccination can prevent infection.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as odp, pdf, or txt
    173 views14 pages

    Hepatitis A

    Uploaded by

    mariyam
    Hepatitis A is caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV) and results in inflammation of the liver. It is typically transmitted through the fecal-oral route. HAV infection causes an acute form of hepatitis and most infected children have no symptoms, while adults frequently experience jaundice and fatigue. There is no treatment for HAV infection, but vaccination can prevent infection.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as ODP, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as odp, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    HEPATITIS-A

    WHAT IS HEPATITIS?
    ●
    Hepat (liver) + itis (inflammation)= Hepatitis
    ●
    Hepatitis can be caused by drugs , toxins , alcohol, viral
    infections ,other infections (parasites, bacteria) ,physical
    damage.
    ●
    Hepatitis is acute when it lasts less than six months and
    chronic when it persists more than 6 months
    ●
    Viral Hepatitis is defined as the inflammation of liver such
    as swelling of liver and does not work properly caused by
    group hepatic group of viruses HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV
    HEPATITIS A- OVERVIEW
    ●
    Hepatitis A Virus is typical enterovirus classified as
    member of the picornavirus family

    ●
    . It has a single-stranded RNA genome and a
    nonenveloped icosahedral nucleocapsid and replicates
    in the cytoplasm of the cell.

    ●
    It is also known as enterovirus 72. It has one serotype,

    ●
    Transmission through fecal-oral route

    ●
    Human are the important reservior

    ●
    It cause acute form of disease
    ●
    Children are the most frequently infected group, and
    outbreaks occur in special living situations such as
    summer camps and boarding schools.
    ●
    Common-source outbreaks arise from fecally
    contaminated water or food such as oysters grown in
    polluted water and eaten raw
    ●
    After the virus enters the body, there is an incubation
    period lasting 3 to 4 weeks until illness begins
    ●
    Infection of hepatocyte by
    HAV
    ●
    Replication in hepatocyte
    cytoplasm
    ●
    Leads to hepatocellular
    damage
    ●
    HAV-specific CD8+ T
    lymphocytes, natural killer
    cells destroy infected
    hepatocytes (Host's immune
    response to HAV hepatic
    injury)
    ●
    Infection usually self-limiting
    (does not become chronic
    results in life-long immunity
    (IgG antibodies
    SYMPTOMS
    DIAGNOSIS
    1. LAB TEST
    ●
    Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay used for detecting
    Antibody HAV IgM and Antibody HAV IgG in blood

    ●
    HAV IgG made by body when you’re first exposed to hepatitis
    A. They stay in your blood for about 3 to 6 months and Anti
    HAV IgG appears more slowly and persist for decades.

    ●
    HAV is detected in the stool from about 2 weeks prior to the
    onset of jaundice and 2 weeks thereafter and which can be
    detected using electron microscopy

    ●
    Elevated serum aminotransferase levels indicate diagnosis
    2.OBJECTIVE EXAMINATION

    ●
    INSPECTION
    – TACHYCARDIA, HYPOTENSION,TACHYPNEA
    – JAUNDICE, RASH, PETECHIAE
    – ICTERIC SCLERA
    – CERVICAL LYMPHADENOPATHY
    – HEPATOMEGALY , ,SPLENOMEGALLY , ASCITES (seen during
    severe case)
    ●
    PALPATION
    ●
    GREATER TENDERNESS
    ●
    FIRM BLUNTNESS /ROUNDNESS IRREGULARITY OF
    LIVER EDGE

    ●
    PERCUSSION
    ●
    INCREASED DULLNESS
    COMPLICATION
    ●
    Cholestatic hepatitis: characterized by prolonged
    jaundice
    ●
    Relapsing hepatitis: symptoms relapse after acute
    illness
    ●
    Autoimmune hepatitis: chronic hepatitis
    characterized by hyperglobulinemia
    TREATMENT
    ●
    No antiviral therapy is available
    ●
    Active immunization with a vaccine containing inactivated
    HAV is available recommended for travelers to developing
    countries, for children ages 2 to 18 years, and for men who
    have sex with men
    ●
    Passive immunization with immune serum globulin prior to
    infection or within 14 days after exposure can prevent or
    mitigate the disease
    ●
    combination vaccine that immunizes against both HAV and
    HBV called Twinrix is available. It contains the same
    immunogens as the individual HAV and HBV vaccines.

    You might also like