Partido State University: Republic of The Philippines

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Republic of the Philippines

PARTIDO STATE UNIVERSITY


Camarines Sur

Patrick Paul O. Celso


BS GEOLOGY 3A

Assessment 1

1. How do early scientists conclude that all life forms came from the ocean?

 Scientists concluded that all life forms came from the ocean because base on study the primitive
earth’s atmosphere did not have oxygen and there was no ozone layer to block the harmful
radiations of ultraviolet light making it impossible for life on land. The ancestors of modern-day
cyanobacteria which lived in the water populated the land and added oxygen to the atmosphere
of the earth.

2. What is the difference between a molecule and a compound?

 A molecule is a substance which is made up of chemically bonded atoms of the same or


different elements while a compound is a chemical substance containing two or more different
chemical elements.

3. Differentiate ocean from sea, gulf from bay, marsh from wetland, and pond from lake.

 Ocean and sea differ in size but both refer to large parts of the body of water on earth. The
ocean is the continuous expanse of seawater that covers 71 percent of Earth’s surface. Seas are
smaller than oceans and are partially covered enclosed by land. Gulfs and bay are almost the
same in terms of landscape, they are both inlets of sea or bodies of water but bays are
somewhat smaller than gulfs. A wetland is a distinct ecosystem that is flooded by water, either
permanently or seasonally, where oxygen-free processes prevail. Marshes are a type of wetland
ecosystem where water covers the ground for long periods of time and are dominated by
herbaceous plants like grasses, reeds and sieges. Ponds and lakes are both enclosed bodies of
water and differ in size and depth. Lakes are much deeper than ponds and are larger in size. All
the water in a pond is in the photic zone because it is shallow enough to allow sunlight to reach
the bottom while lakes have aphotic zones because of its depth where deep areas of water
cannot receive sunlight which prevents plant life from growing.

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