Amu B.SC Physics Syllabus

Undergraduate courses
VISION, MISSION, PROGRAM SPECIFIC

OUTCOMES, COURSE OBJECTIVES, COURSE
OUTCOMES AND SYLLABI
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY
ALIGARH (INDIA)
PHYSICS DEPARTMENT, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, AMU, Aligarh
VISION
The department aims to excel and achieve a prominent status in Physics teaching
and research.
MISSION
 To build a creative and stimulating environment conducive for teaching
and research.
 To impart high quality Physics education and equip students for global
Physics competence.
 To promote research and creative activities among faculty and students.
 To develop state of art facilities for teaching and research.
 To sensitise students to contribute for the welfare of society through
competence in Physics.
B.Sc. (HONS.) Physics- PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES (PSOs)
Upon completion of the undergraduate honours degree program in Physics at the
Department of Physics, students will be able to:
1. demonstrate a proficiency in each core area of Physics namely Mechanics,

Optics, Thermal Physics, Electricity and Magnetism, Electrodynamics,
Electronics, Statistical Physics, Mathematical Physics, Computational
Physics and Quantum mechanics.
2. demonstrate skill in using laboratory equipment, tools, materials and
computer programming and software.
3. demonstrate both an understanding and the practical application of ethical
standards as well as scientific temperament in public and private life.
4. demonstrate the ability to read, understand, and critically analyze the
physical ideas presented in published textbooks and science magazines at
the undergraduate level.
5. demonstrate the competence for Post Graduate Program in Physics and/or
careers in scientifically oriented jobs in the public or private sector.
Syllabus with Course Objectives and Course Outcomes
B.Sc. (Hons.) I Semester (Physics)
Department of Physics
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Course Title: MECHANICS

Course Number: PHB-152
Credits: 04
Type of course: Core (Theory)
Contact Hours: 4 Lectures per week (Total: 48 Lectures and 08 Tutorials)
Course Assessment:
Internal assessment (1 Hour): 30%
End Semester Examination (2.5 Hours): 70%
Course Objectives
1. To develop basic understanding of fundamental mechanical concepts and principles
including dynamics and properties of matters, non-inertial systems, central force motion,
wave motion and special theory of relativity.
2. To apply mechanical concepts and principles to different mechanical processes and
systems.
Course Outcomes
On completion of the course, students will be able to:
1. understand the concept of work and energy, elasticity, collision, viscosity, dynamics of
rotational bodies, Coriolis force, non-inertial systems, central force motion, wave motion
etc.
2. explain the concept of relativity, Lorentz transformations, length contraction, time-
dilation.
3. apply the postulates of special theory of relativity to study relativistic transformation of
velocity, variation of mass with velocity, massless particles and mass-energy
equivalence.
(BOS: 30.5.2017)
Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) I Semester (Physics)
PHYSICS: MECHANICS
Paper Code: PHB-152
(Credits-04)
Theory:48 Lectures, Tutorial:08
Unit-I: Dynamics and Properties of Matters
Fundamentals of Dynamics: Reference frames. Inertial frames; Galilean transformations;
Galilean invariance. Dynamics of a system of particles. Centre of Mass (C.O.M.) and Motion of
C.O.M.
Work and Energy: Conservative and non-conservative forces. Potential energy. Stable and
unstable equilibrium. Force as gradient of potential energy.
Collisions: Elastic and inelastic collisions between particles. Centre of Mass and Laboratory
frames.
Elasticity: Poisson ratio and determination of Poisson ratio of rubber, Relation between Elastic
constants. Twisting torque on a Cylinder or wire.
Fluid Motion: Kinematics of Moving Fluids: Poiseuille’s Equation for Flow of a Liquid through
a Capillary tube.
Unit-II: Rotational Dynamics, Non-Inertial Systems and Central Force Motion

Rotational Dynamics: Angular momentum of a particle and system of particles. Torque,
Principle of conservation of angular momentum. Moment of Inertia. Calculation of moment of
inertia for cylindrical and spherical bodies. Kinetic energy of rotation. Motion involving both
translation and rotation.
Non-Inertial Systems: Non-inertial frames and fictitious forces. Uniformly rotating frame. Laws
of Physics in rotating coordinate systems. Centrifugal force. Coriolis force and its applications.
Central Force Motion: Motion of a particle under a central force field: General principle of
central force motion, Two-body problem and its reduction to one-body problem, and reduced
mass. Differential equation of orbit and its solution and Kepler’s Laws.
Unit-III: Oscillations and Waves

Oscillations: Simple Harmonic Oscillations. Differential equation of SHM and its solution.
Kinetic energy, potential energy, total energy and their time-average values. Transient and steady
states, Damped oscillation. Forced oscillations:, Resonance, sharpness of resonance; power
dissipation and Quality Factor.
Wave Motion: Plane and Spherical Waves. Longitudinal and Transverse Waves. Plane
Progressive (Travelling) Waves. Wave Equation. Particle and Wave Velocities, energy density
and intensity of waves, Differential Equation of waves. Pressure of a Longitudinal Wave.
Superposition of Two Harmonic Waves: Standing (Stationary) Waves. Changes of wave
characteristics (displacement, particle velocity, pressure, phase, etc.) with respect to Position and
Time. Phase and Group velocities and relation between them.
Unit-IV: Special Theory of Relativity

Michelson-Morley Experiment and its outcome. Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity.
Lorentz transformations. Simultaneity and order of events. Lorentz-contraction. Time-dilation.
Relativistic transformation of velocity, frequency and wave number. Relativistic addition of
velocities. Variation of mass with velocity. Massless Particles. Mass-energy Equivalence.
Relativistic Doppler effect. Relativistics. energy and momentum transformation.
Reference Books:
 An introduction to mechanics, D. Kleppner, R.J. Kolenkow, 1973, McGraw-Hill.
 Mechanics, Berkeley Physics, vol.1, C. Kittel, W. Knight, et.al. 2007, Tata McGraw-
Hill.
 Physics, Resnick, Halliday and Walker 8/e. 2008, Wiley.
 Analytical Mechanics, G.R. Fowles and G.L. Cassiday. 2005, Cengage Learning.
 Feynman Lectures, Vol. I, R.P.Feynman, R.B. Leighton, M. Sands, 2008, Pearson
Education
 Introduction to Special Relativity, R. Resnick, 2005, John Wiley and Sons.
 University Physics, Ronald Lane Reese, 2003, Thomson Brooks/Cole.
 The Physics of Vibrations and Waves, H. J. Pain, 2013, John Wiley and Sons.
 The Physics of Waves and Oscillations, N.K. Bajaj, 1998, Tata McGraw Hill.
 Oscillations and Waves. S. Garg, C. K. Ghosh, S. Gupta, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
Additional Books for Reference:

 Mechanics, D.S. Mathur, S. Chand and Company Limited, 2000
 University Physics. F.W Sears, M.W Zemansky, H.D Young 13/e, 1986, Addison
Wesley
 Physics for scientists and Engineers with Modern Phys., J.W. Jewett, R.A. Serway,
2010, Cengage Learning
 Theoretical Mechanics, M.R. Spiegel, 2006, Tata McGraw Hill.
 Wave: Berkelay Physics Course, vol. 3, Francis Crawford, 2007, Tata McGraw-Hill
B.Sc. (Hons.) II Semester (Physics)
Course Title: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM-I

Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop the understanding of the various concepts related to electrostatics, magnetostatics,
electric circuits and networks and dielectric and magnetic properties of materials.
Course Outcomes
On completion of this course students will be able to:
1. apply Coulomb's law and Gauss' law for the electrostatic force.
2. explain the relationship between electrostatic field and electrostatic potential.
3. use the Lorentz force law for the magnetic force and solve the related problems.
4. use Ampere's law to calculate magnetic fields.
5. understand dielectric and magnetic properties of matter.
6. use various network theorems to solve complex electrical circuits.
(BOS: 30.5.2017)
Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) II Semester (Physics)
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM-I
Paper Code: PHB-252
(Credits: Theory-04)
Unit-I: Electric Field and Electric Potential

Electric field: Electric field lines. Electric flux. Gauss’ Law. Conservative nature of Electrostatic
Field. Electrostatic Potential. Multipole expansion of electrostatic potential, dipole, linear
quadrupole and potential due to it. Laplace’s and Poisson equations. The Uniqueness Theorem.
Electrostatic energy of system of charges. Electrostatic energy of a charged sphere. Conductors in
an electrostatic Field. Method of Images and its application to: (1) Plane Infinite Sheet and (2)
Sphere.
Unit-II: Magnetic Field

Magnetic Force on (1) point charge (2) current carrying wire (3) between current elements.
Definition of B, Properties of B: Curl and Divergence, Vector potential, Gauss’ law of
magnetostatics Torque on a current loop in a uniform Magnetic Field, Current Loop as a Magnetic
Dipole and its Dipole Moment (Analogy with Electric Dipole), magnetic moment and angular
momentum. Ampere’s Circuital Law and its application to (1) Solenoid and (2) Toroid.
Unit-III: Dielectric & Magnetic Properties of Matter

Dielectric Properties of Matter: Electric Field in matter. Polarization, Polarization Charges.
Electrical Susceptibility and Dielectric Constant. Capacitance of an isolated conductor. Capacitor
(parallel plate, spherical, cylindrical) filled with dielectric. Displacement vector D. Relations
between E, P and D. Gauss’ Law in dielectrics.
Magnetic Properties of Matter: Three magnetic vectors B, M and H and relation among them.
Magnetic Susceptibility and permeability, Gauss’s law of magnetostatics. Theory of magnetism
(Qualitative idea), Curie-Weiss law of ferromagnetism, B-H curves: hysteresis and
demagnetization.
Unit-IV: Electrical Circuits and Network Theorems and Electromagnetic Waves

Electromagnetic Waves: Maxwell’s Equations. Displacement current. Wave Equations. Plane
Waves in Dielectric Media. Poynting Theorem and Poynting Vector.
Electrical Circuits: AC Circuits: Kirchhoff’s laws for AC circuits. Complex Reactance and
Impedance.
Series LCR Circuit: (1) Resonance, (2) Power Dissipation and (3) Quality Factor, and (4) Band
Width. Parallel LCR Circuit.
Network theorems: Ideal Constant-voltage and Constant-current Sources. Network Theorems:
Thevenin theorem, Norton theorem, Superposition theorem, Maximum Power Transfer theorem.
Applications to dc circuits.
Reference Books:
 Fundamentals of Physics: Electricity and Magnetism, Halliday, Resnick, Walker, 2011,
 Wiley India pvt. Ltd.
 Electricity and Magnetism, Edward M. Purcell, 1986 McGraw-Hill Education
 Introduction to Electrodynamics, D.J. Griffiths, 3rd Edn., 1998, Benjamin Cummings.
 Feynman Lectures Vol.2, R.P. Feynman, R.B. Leighton, M. Sands, 2008, Pearson
 Education
 Electricity and Magnetism, Chattopadhyay, D. and Rakshit, P.C. (New Central Book
 Agency (P) Ltd.)
 Electricity and Magnetism, K. K. Tewari, S. Chand & Company Ltd.
B.Sc. (Hons.) III Semester (Physics)
Course Title: WAVES AND OPTICS

Credits: 02
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
Optics is one of the basic bones of physics and is at the heart of all modern imaging and
communications technologies. This course provides students with an understanding of optical
phenomena based on the wave description of light. The principles of polarization, interference
and diffraction will be fully developed and optical devices that use these properties of light will
be described.
Course Outcomes
1. use the principles of wave motion and superposition to explain the physics of
polarization, interference and diffraction.
2. understand the idea of various kinds of polarization of light wave and their detection.
3. get an idea of diffraction phenomenon and to study Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction.
4. Apply the idea of spatial and temporal coherence for the formation of interference fringes
as well as to study the formation of fringes of equal inclination and equal thickness.
5. describe the operation of optical devices including, polarisers, retarders, and
inteferometers.
Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) III Semester (Physics)
WAVES AND OPTICS
Paper Code: PHB-351
(Credits-02)
Unit-I: Superposition of Harmonic Oscillations and Harmonic Waves

Superposition of Collinear Harmonic oscillations: Linearity and Superposition Principle.
Superposition of two collinear oscillations having (1) equal frequencies and (2) different
frequencies (Beats). Superposition of N collinear Harmonic Oscillations with (1) equal phase
differences and (2) equal frequency differences.
Superposition of two perpendicular Harmonic Oscillations: Graphical and Analytical
Methods. Lissajous Figures (1:1 and 1:2) and their uses.
Unit-II: Polarization of electromagnetic waves

Description of Linear, Circular and Elliptical Polarization. Uniaxial and Biaxial Crystals. Light
Propagation in Uniaxial Crystal. Double Refraction. Polarization by Double Refraction. Nicol
Prism. Ordinary and extraordinary refractive indices. Production and detection of Plane,
Circularly and Elliptically Polarized Light. Phase Retardation Plates: Quarter-Wave and Half-
Wave Plates. Analysis of Polarized Light. Rotatory Polarization.
Unit-III: Interference
Wave Optics: Definition and properties of wave front. Huygens Principle. Temporal and Spatial
Coherence.
Interference: Division of amplitude and wavefront. Fresnel’s Biprism. Fringes of equal
inclination (Haidinger Fringes); Fringes of equal thickness (Fizeau Fringes). Newton’s Rings.
Measurement of wavelength and refractive index.
Interferometer: Michelson Interferometer- Idea of form of fringes (No theory required),
Determination of Wavelength, Wavelength Difference, Fabry-Perot interferometer.
Unit-IV: Diffraction
Fraunhofer diffraction: Review of single slit and double slit. Circular aperture(qualitative),
Multiple slits. Diffraction grating. Resolving power of grating.
Fresnel Diffraction: Fresnel’s Half-Period Zones for Plane Wave. Zone Plate: Multiple Foci of
a Zone Plate. Fresnel diffraction pattern of a straight edge.
Reference Books:
 Fundamentals of Optics, F.A. Jenkins and H.E. White, 1981, McGraw-Hill
 Principles of Optics, Max Born and Emil Wolf, 7th Edn., 1999, Pergamon Press.
 Optics, Ajoy Ghatak, 2008, Tata McGraw Hill
 The Physics of Vibrations and Waves, H. J. Pain, 2013, John Wiley and Sons.
 The Physics of Waves and Oscillations, N.K. Bajaj, 1998, Tata McGraw Hill.
B.Sc. (Hons.) III Semester (Physics)
Course Title: ANALOG SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS

Credits: 02
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To empower students to understand the design and working of BJT, FETs, amplifiers,
oscillators and Operational Amplifier.
Course Outcomes
1. understand the design and working of BJT and FETs and its biasing.
2. observe the performance of transistor amplifier under sinusoidal signal.
3. design RC coupled amplifier circuit using BJTs and observe its amplitude and
frequency response.
4. observe the effect of negative feedback on different parameters of an Amplifier
5. observe the effect of positive feedback and able to design different Oscillators
6. understand ideal and practical characteristics of operational amplifier and various
applications of OP-AMP.
(BOS: 30.5.2017)
Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) III Semester (Physics)
ANALOG SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS-I
Paper Code: PHB-353
(Credits-02)
Unit-I: Bipolar Junction Transistors and Amplifiers

n-p-n and p-n-p Transistors. Physical Mechanism of Current Flow. Characteristics of CB, CE
and CC Configurations. Active, Cutoff and Saturation Regions. Current gains α and β.
Relations between α and β. h-parameter Equivalent Circuit. Analysis of a single-stage CE
amplifier using Hybrid Model. Input and Output Impedance. Current, Voltage and Power
Gains.
Unit-II: Transistor Biasing and Feedback

Load Line analysis of Transistors. DC Load line and Q-point. Fixed Bias and Voltage
Divider Bias.
Principle of Feedback. Effects of Negative Feedback on Input Impedance, Output Impedance,
Gain, Stability, Distortion and Noise.
Unit-III: RC Coupled Amplifiers, FET and Oscillators

RC-coupled amplifier and its frequency response.
Construction of JFET. Idea of Channel Formation. Different Regions of I-V Curves.
Definitions of rd and gm. Basic construction of MOSFET and its Working, Enhancement and
Depletion Modes.
Barkhausen's Criterion for self-sustained oscillations. RC Phase shift oscillator, Hartley
oscillators.
Unit-IV: Operational Amplifier and its Applications

Operational Amplifiers (Black Box approach). Characteristics of an Ideal and Practical Op-
Amp. (IC 741). CMRR. Slew Rate and concept of Virtual ground.
(1) Inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, (2) Adder, (3) Subtractor, (4) Differentiator, (5)
Integrator, (6) Log amplifier, (7) Zero crossing detector (8) Wein bridge oscillator.
Reference Books:
 Elements of Electronics, M.K. Bagde, S.P. Singh and Kamal Singh, 2002, S. Chand &
Company Ltd.
 Integrated Electronics, J. Millman and C.C. Halkias, 1991, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
 Electronics: Fundamentals and Applications, J.D. Ryder, 2004, Prentice Hall.
 OP-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuit, R. A. Gayakwad, 4th edition, 2000, Prentice
Hall
 Electronic Devices, 7/e Thomas L. Floyd, 2008, Pearson India
B.Sc. (Hons.) IV Semester (Physics)
Course Title: THERMAL PHYSICS

Credits: 02
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop comprehension of fundamental thermodynamic concepts and principles including
behaviour of real and ideal gases, and to apply them to different thermodynamics processes
and systems.
Course Outcomes
1. apply the First law of Thermodynamics and calculate Heat, Internal Energy, Work in
various thermodynamical processes and systems.
2. explain the concepts of Reversibility, Irreversibility, Carnot cycle, Entropy, Clausius
theorem, Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements of Second law of Thermodynamics,
Thermodynamic potentials and Maxwell’s relations.
3. estimate the entropy changes in reversible and irreversible processes.
4. calculate the different measures of speeds in the Maxwell Boltzmann Distribution of
velocities and derive the transport coefficients of Thermal conductivity, Viscosity and
Diffusion in ideal gases.
5. describe the behaviour of real gases and obtain the critical constants of the gas.
Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) IV Semester (Physics)
THERMAL PHYSICS
Paper Code: PHB-452
(Credits-02)
Unit-I: Zeroth and First Law of Thermodynamics

Extensive and intensive Thermodynamic Variables, Thermodynamic Equilibrium, Zeroth Law
of Thermodynamics and Concept of Temperature, Concept of Work and Heat, State Functions,
First Law of Thermodynamics and its differential form, Internal Energy, Applications of First
Law: General Relation between CP and CV, Work Done during Isothermal and Adiabatic
Processes.
Unit-II: Second Law of Thermodynamics

Reversible and Irreversible processes. Carnot Cycle, Carnot engine, Refrigerator. Second Law:
Kelvin-Planck and Clausius Statements and their Equivalence. Concept of Entropy, Clausius
Theorem & Inequality, Second Law in terms of Entropy, Entropy Changes in Reversible and
Irreversible processes, Temperature–Entropy diagrams. Third Law. Thermodynamic
Potentials: Internal Energy, Enthalpy, Helmholtz & Gibb’s Functions, Maxwell’s Relations.
Unit-III: Kinetic Theory of Gases

Distribution of Velocities: Maxwell-Boltzmann Law of Distribution of Velocities in an Ideal
Gas. Mean, RMS and Most Probable Speeds. Degrees of Freedom. Law of Equipartition of
Energy (No proof required). Molecular Collisions: Mean Free Path. Estimates of Mean Free
Path. Transport Phenomenon in Ideal Gases: (1) Viscosity, (2) Thermal Conductivity and (3)
Diffusion
Unit-IV: Real Gases

Behavior of Real Gases. Critical Constants. Van der Waal’s Equation of State for Real Gases.
Values of Critical Constants. Law of Corresponding States. Joule-Thomson Porous Plug
Experiment. Joule-Thomson Effect for Real and Van der Waal Gases. Joule-Thomson Cooling.
Reference Books:
 Heat and Thermodynamics, M.W. Zemansky, Richard Dittman, 1981, McGraw-Hill.
 A Treatise on Heat, Meghnad Saha, and B.N. Srivastava, 1958, Indian Press
 Classical and Quantum Thermal Physics, R. Prasad, 2016, Cambridge University Press
 Modern Thermodynamics with Statistical Mechanics, Carl S. Helrich, 2009, Springer.
 Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory & Statistical Thermodynamics, Sears & Salinger. 1988,
Narosa.
 Concepts in Thermal Physics, S.J. Blundell and K.M. Blundell, 2nd Ed., 2012, Oxford
University Press.
Course Title: ELEMENTS OF MODERN PHYSICS

Credits: 02
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop comprehension of fundamentals of Modern Physics and introductory course on Nuclear,
Particle and Laser physics.
Course Outcomes
1. understand de Broglie wavelength and dual nature of matter. Able to calculate problems
related to dual nature and Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
2. able to calculate eigen values for operators like momentum, energy etc.
3. apply non-relativistic steady state Schrödinger’s equation’s for one dimensional problems
related to infinite and finite potentials.
4. estimate the structure of nucleus and apply the laws of radioactivity for alpha, beta and
gamma decay.
5. understand the basic features of particle interactions and apply the basic classification for
elementary particles.
6. calculate the Einstein’s A and B coefficient using semi-classical theory for lasers.
Realization of three-level and four-level transitions in Ruby and He-Ne lasers.
(BOS: 30.5.2017)
ELEMENTS OF MODERN PHYSICS – I
Paper Code: PHB-453
(Credits-02)
Theory:24 Lectures, Tutorials:04
Unit-I: Quantum Mechanics-I

Blackbody Radiation: Planck's concept, Planck’s radiation formula; Quantum theory of light:
Photo-electric effect and Compton scattering; De Broglie wavelength and matter waves; wave-
particle duality, Heisenberg uncertainty principle and its applications.
Unit-II: Quantum Mechanics-II

Physical interpretation of wave function, probabilities and normalization; Schrodinger equation for
non-relativistic particles (steady-state form); momentum and energy operators; stationary states;
probability current densities in one dimension.
One dimensional infinitely rigid box- energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, normalization, idea of
quantum mechanical tunneling.
Unit-III: Nuclear and Particle Physics

Nuclear Structure and Transformation: Size and structure of atomic nucleus; NZ graph, binding
energy. Radioactivity: radioactive decay, mean life and half-life; idea of alpha decay; beta decay-
energy released, gamma decay.
Particle physics: Particle interactions and their basic features, Leptons, Hadrons.
Unit-IV: Lasers
Lasers: Characteristics of laser beam, spontaneous and stimulated emissions, optical pumping and
population inversion, Einstein’s A and B coefficients. Metastable states, three-level and four-level
lasers (Qualitative); Ruby laser and He-Ne laser; Applications of lasers.
Reference Books:
 Concepts of Modern Physics, Arthur Beiser, 2002, McGraw-Hill.
 Introduction to Modern Physics, Rich Meyer, Kennard, Coop, 2002, Tata McGraw Hill
 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, David J. Griffith, 2005, Pearson Education.
 Physics for scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Jewett and Serway, 2010,
Cengage Learning.
 Quantum Mechanics: Theory & Applications, A.K. Ghatak & S. Lokanathan, 2004,
Macmillan
 Modern Physics: Kenneth S. Krane, 1996, John Wiley & Sons.
Additional Books for Reference:

 Modern Physics, J.R. Taylor, C.D. Zafiratos, M.A. Dubson, 2004, PHI Learning.
 Theory and Problems of Modern Physics, Schaum`s outline, R. Gautreau and W. Savin,
2nd Edn, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.
 Quantum Physics, Berkeley Physics, Vol.4. E.H. Wichman, 1971, Tata McGraw-Hill Co.
 Basic ideas and concepts in Nuclear Physics, K. Heyde, 3rd Edn., Institute of Physics Pub.
 Six Ideas that Shaped Physics: Particle Behave like Waves, T.A. Moore
Course Title: ELEMENTS OF MODERN PHYSICS

Credits: 02
Type of course: Open Elective (Theory)
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop comprehension of fundamentals of Modern Physics and introductory course on Nuclear,
Particle and Laser physics.
Course Outcomes
1. comprehend quantum nature of light and able to apply it on Compton scattering and pair
production. Confirmation of de-Broglie hypothesis through Davisson-Germer experiment.
2. calculate the normalization of wave function and probability density.
3. apply non-relativistic steady state Schrödinger’s equation’s for one dimensional particle in a
box and harmonic oscillator.
4. use semi-classical theory for lasers to understand stimulated and spontaneous emission and
absorption and use it to obtain optical pumping and population inversion. Realization of
three-level and four-level transitions in Ruby and He-Ne lasers.
5. apply the laws of radioactivity for alpha, beta and gamma decay and calculate half-life of
radioactive nucleus.
6. understand the basic features of particle interactions and apply the basic classification for
elementary particles based on different quantum numbers.
(BOS: 30.5.2017)
ELEMENTS OF MODERN PHYSICS
Paper Code: PHB-491
(FOR STUDENTS OF OTHER MAINS)
(Credits-02)
Unit-I: Particle and Waves

Photoelectric effect. Quantum Theory of Light. Compton effect. Pair production. X-Ray
Diffraction. De Broglie waves. Davisson-Germer experiment.
Unit-II: Quantum Mechanics

Wave Function, Normalization, Probability, Schrödinger’s equation, expectation value. Particle in a
box. Harmonic oscillator.
Unit-III: Lasers
Some remarkable properties of light beam, stimulated absorption, spontaneous emission,
stimulated emission, pumping, population inversion, three-level laser, four-level laser, ruby laser,
helium-neon gas laser.
Unit-IV: Nuclear Physics and Elementary Particles

Nuclear Physics: Radioactive decay, half-life, radiometric dating, alpha decay, beta decay, gamma
decay, nuclear fission, nuclear reactors, fusion reactors.
Elementary Particles: Interactions and particles, leptons, hadrons, elementary particle quantum
numbers, quarks.
Reference Books:
 Concepts of Modern Physics, Arthur Beiser, 2002, McGraw-Hill.
 Introduction to Modern Physics, Rich Meyer, Kennard, Coop, 2002, Tata McGraw Hill
 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, David J. Griffith, 2005, Pearson Education.
 Physics for scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, Jewett and Serway, 2010,
Cengage Learning.
 Quantum Mechanics: Theory & Applications, A.K. Ghatak & S. Lokanathan, 2004,
Macmillan.
B.Sc. (Hons.) V Semester (Physics)
Course Title: MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS

Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop required mathematical skills in the area of complex functions, special functions, integral
transformations and vector calculus.
Course Outcomes
1. understand the complex variables and complex function and use it to calculate residue and
definite integrals.
2. solve problems related with vector calculus with the help of differential operators like
gradient, curl, divergence and Laplacian.
3. apply the Fourier series to expand the (arbitrary)periodic functions.
4. apply the integral transformations like Fourier and Laplace transformations to solve
differential equations.
5. work with the special functions like Legendre, Hermite, Laguerre and Bessel function and
solve the second order differential equation using Frobenius Method.
(BOS: 21.05.18)
Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) V Semester (Physics)
MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
Paper Code: PHB-551
(Credits-04)
Unit-I: Complex Analysis

Functions of Complex Variables. Analyticity and Cauchy-Riemann Conditions. Examples of analytic
functions. Singular functions: poles and branch points, order of singularity, branch cuts. Integration
of a function of a complex variable. Cauchy's Inequality. Cauchy’s Integral formula. Simply and
multiply connected region. Laurent and Taylor’s expansion. Residues and Residue Theorem.
Application in solving Definite Integrals.
Unit-II: Vector Calculus and Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates

Vector Differentiation: Directional derivatives and normal derivative. Gradient of a scalar field and
its geometrical interpretation. Divergence and curl of a vector field. Del and Laplacian operators.
Vector identities, Gradient, divergence, curl and Laplacian in spherical and cylindrical coordinates.
Vector Integration: Flux of a vector field. Gauss' divergence theorem, Green's and Stokes Theorems
and their applications (no rigorous proofs).
Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates: Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates. Derivation of Gradient,
Divergence, Curl and Laplacian in Cartesian, Spherical and Cylindrical Coordinate Systems.
Unit-III: Fourier Series, and Integrals Transforms

Fourier Series: Dirichlet Conditions (Statement only). Expansion of periodic functions in a series
of sine and cosine functions and determination of Fourier coefficients. Complex representation of
Fourier series. Expansion of functions with arbitrary period.
Integrals Transforms: Fourier Transforms: Fourier Integral theorem. Fourier Transform. Examples.
Fourier transform of trigonometric, Gaussian, finite wave train & other functions. Three dimensional
Fourier transforms with examples. Application of Fourier Transforms to differential equations: One
dimensional Wave and Diffusion/Heat Flow Equations.
Laplace Transforms: Laplace Transform (LT) of Elementary functions. Properties of LTs: Change of
Scale Theorem, Shifting Theorem. LTs of Derivatives and Integrals of Functions, Derivatives and
Integrals of LTs. LT of Unit Step function, Dirac Delta function, Periodic Functions. Convolution
Theorem. Inverse LT. Application of Laplace Transforms to Differential Equations: Damped
Harmonic Oscillator, Simple Electrical Circuits.
Unit-IV: Frobenius Method and Special Functions

Legendre, Bessel, Hermite and Laguerre Differential Equations. Properties of Legendre Polynomials:
Rodrigues Formula, Generating Function, Orthogonality. Simple recurrence relations. Expansion of
function in a series of Legendre Polynomials. Bessel Functions of the First Kind: Generating
Function, simple recurrence relations. Zeros of Bessel Functions and Orthogonality.
Reference Books:
 Mathematical Methods for Physicists, G.B. Arfken, H.J. Weber, F.E. Harris, 2013, 7th Edn.,
Elsevier.
 An introduction to ordinary differential equations, E.A. Coddington, 2009, PHI learning
 Differential Equations, George F. Simmons, 2007, McGraw Hill.
 Mathematical Tools for Physics, James Nearing, 2010, Dover Publications.
 Mathematical methods for Scientists and Engineers, D.A. McQuarrie, 2003, Viva Book
 Advanced Engineering Mathematics, D.G. Zill and W.S. Wright, 5 Ed., 2012, Jones and
Bartlett Learning
 Advanced Engineering Mathematics, Erwin Kreyszig, 2008, Wiley India.
 Essential Mathematical Methods, K.F. Riley & M.P. Hobson, 2011, Cambridge Univ.
 Fourier Analysis by M.R. Spiegel, 2004, Tata McGraw-Hill.
 Mathematics for Physicists, Susan M. Lea, 2004, Thomson Brooks/Cole.
 Differential Equations, George F. Simmons, 2006, Tata McGraw-Hill.
 Partial Differential Equations for Scientists & Engineers, S.J. Farlow, 1993, Dover Pub.
Course Title: QUANTUM MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To acquire basic understanding of the principles and applications of Quantum Mechanics and
Quantum Computation.
Course Outcomes
1. show an understanding of the formalism of quantum mechanics and elementary features of
Quantum Computation.
2. use the mathematical tools needed to solve quantum mechanics problems. This will include
complex functions and Hilbert spaces, operators, wave functions and uncertainty relations.
Methods to solve differential equations that arise in quantum mechanics using Frobenius
method will also be studied.
3. solve the Schrödinger equation to obtain wave functions for some basic, physically important
types of potential in one dimension, and estimate the shape of the wave functions.
4. solve Schrödinger equations in three dimensions using the technique of separation of
variables to describe the structure of the hydrogen atom and evaluate quantization of angular
momentum.
5. describe the differences between quantum and classical computation and demonstrate
understanding of concepts of tensor products, entanglement, Bloch sphere, no cloning
theorem and quantum gates in various representations.
(BOS: 21.05.18)

QUANTUM MECHANICS AND APPLICATIONS
Paper Code: PHB-552
(Credits-04)
Unit-I: Mathematical tools and Postulates of Quantum Mechanics

Hilbert Space, Wave functions and its properties, Operators, Hermitian, Unitary, Commutator
Algebra, Eigenvalues and Eigen functions, Dirac Bra Ket Notation, Postulates of Quantum
Mechanics, Observables and operators, Expectation Values, Time dependent Schrodinger equation,
General solution in terms of linear combinations of stationary states, Application to spread of
Gaussian wave-packet for a free particle in one dimension, wave packets.
Unit-II: Tunnelling, Finite Square Well Potential & Harmonic Oscillator

Tunnelling through Potential Step, Potential Barrier, Finite one-dimensional problem-square well
potential, Bound state solutions, Solution of simple harmonic oscillator- Energy levels and Eigen
functions using Frobenious method, Hermite polynomials; Ground state, Zero point energy
Unit-III: Quantum Theory of Hydrogen Atom

Time independent Schrodinger equation in spherical polar coordinates; Separation of variables for
second order partial differential equation; Angular momentum operator and quantum numbers;
Radial wave functions from Special function, Shapes of the probability densities for ground and first
excited states, Concept of spin and Stern-Gerlach experiment
Unit-IV: Quantum Computation

Complex Vector Space, Inner Product and Hilbert Space, Tensor product of Vector Spaces, Bits and
and Qubits, Classical Gates, Reversible Gates, Landauer Principle, Toffoli and Fredkin Gates,
Quantum Gates, Bloch Sphere, Universal Quantum Gates, Hadamard, Controlled Not and Phase
shift Gates, Deutsch Gate, No Cloning theorem (idea)
Reference Books:
 Introduction to Quantum Mechanics, D.J. Griffith, 2nd Ed. 2005, Pearson Education
 Quantum Mechanics - Concepts and Applications, N Zettili , 2009, Wiley.
 Quantum Mechanics Theory and Applications by A Ghatak & S Lokanathan, McGraw Hill Ed.
 Quantum Computing For Computer Scientists N.S. Yanofsky & M A Mannucci, Cambridge
University Press, 2008
Course Title: SOLID STATE PHYSICS

Credits: 02
Course Assessment:
Course Objective
To convey an understanding of how solid state physics has contributed to the existence of a
number of important technological developments. Students will also gain knowledge of basic
theories of electronic structure and physical properties of solids.
Course Outcomes
1. understand the crystal structures through crystallographic parameters.
2. differentiate between different types of matter depending on the nature of chemical
bonds and their properties.
3. learn the influence of lattice vibrations on the thermal behavior of solids.
4. evaluate the electrical and optical properties of solids.
5. understand the origin of energy bands, and describe theories of semiconductors.
(BOS: 21.05.18)
SOLID STATE PHYSICS
Paper Code: PHB-553
(Credits-02)
Unit-I Crystal Structure

Amorphous and crystalline materials; Concept of lattice, unit cell, Wigner-Seitz cell, Bravais
lattices, Crystal planes and Miller indices, Interplanar spacing; Packing fraction for sc, bcc
and fcc structures; Common crystal structures (NaCl and CsCl); Concept of reciprocal lattice,
X-ray diffraction and Bragg’s law.
Unit-II Crystal bonding and Lattice Dynamics

Bonding in solids: Interatomic forces and cohesive energy; ionic, covalent, metallic, van der
Waals’ and hydrogen bonds.
Elementary Lattice Dynamics: Lattice vibrations, linear one dimensional monatomic and
diatomic chains, acoustical and optical branches; Dulong and Petit’s law, Einstein and Debye
theories of specific heat of solids.
Unit- III Magnetic Properties of Materials and Superconductivity

Magnetic Properties: Dia-, para-, ferro-, antiferro- and ferrimagnetisms (qualitative only);
Langevin classical theory of dia and paramagnetism; Weiss’s theory of ferromagnetism and
ferromagnetic domains; hysteresis loop.
Superconductivity: Discovery of superconductivity, Meissner effect, Critical magnetic field,
persistent current, penetration depth, type I and type II superconductors; idea of BCS theory.
Unit- IV Free electron and Band theories of Solids

Drude model: Electrical and thermal conductivities of metals, Hall effect: Hall coefficient and
Applications; Failure of free electron theory; Band theory: Kronig Penny model, band
structure of conductor, semiconductor (p and n type) and insulator.
References Books:
 Introduction to Solid State Physics, Charles Kittel, 8th Edition, 2004, Wiley India Pvt.
Ltd.
 Elements of Solid State Physics, J.P. Srivastava, 2nd Edition, 2006, Prentice-Hall of
India
 Solid State Physics, N.W. Ashcroft and N.D. Mermin, 1976, Cengage Learning
 Elementary Solid State Physics, 1/e M. Ali Omar, 1999, Pearson India
 Solid State Physics, M.A. Wahab, 2011, Narosa Publication
Course Title: APPLIED OPTICS

Credits: 02
Type of course: Ability Enhancement Elective (Theory)
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop the basic understanding and concept of applied optics and to apply them in designing
of various optical instruments and detectors such as laser, photodiodes, holograms, optical fiber
and optical sensors
Course Outcomes
1. understand the basic concept of working of laser and optical detectors
2. explain the principle and theory of holography and types of holograms as well as its
application in microscopy and interferometery.
3. get an idea of various parameters of optical fiber and their uses as sensors.
4. learn the concept of spatial frequency filtering and Fourier Transform Spectroscopy and
its application in image processing.
(BOS: 21.05.18)
Syllabus for B.Sc. (Hons.) V Semester (Physics)
APPLIED OPTICS
Paper Code: PHB-554
(Credits-02)
Unit-I: Sources and Detectors

Lasers: Spontaneous and stimulated emissions, Theory of laser action, Einstein’s coefficients,
Light amplification, Characterization of laser beam, Semiconductor lasers. Detectors: Light
dependent resistor (LDR) and photodiode.
Unit-II: Holography
Basic Principle and Theory: Coherence, Resolution, Recording and reconstruction processes of
hologram, Types of holograms, White light reflection hologram, Application of holography in
microscopy and interferometry.
Unit-III: Photonics
Fibre Optics: Optical fibres and their properties, Principle of light propagation through a fibre,
Numerical aperture, Attenuation in optical fibre and attenuation limit, Single mode and
multimode fibres, Fibre optic sensors: Liquid level sensor and fibre Bragg grating.
Unit-IV: Fourier Optics and Fourier Transform Spectroscopy

Fourier Optics: Concept of Spatial frequency filtering, Fourier transforming property of a thin
lens.
Fourier Transform Spectroscopy: Representation of spectra, Basic elements of absorption and
emission spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTS) and its applications.
Reference Books:
 Fundamental of Optics, F. A. Jenkins & H. E. White, 1981, Tata McGraw hill.
 LASERS: Fundamentals & Applications, K.Thyagrajan &A. K. Ghatak, 2010, Tata
McGraw Hill
 Optics, A. Ghatak, 2010, Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd.
 Fibre optics through experiments, M. R. Shenoy, S. K. Khijwania, et.al. 2009, Viva
Books
 Nonlinear Optics, Robert W. Boyd, (Chapter-I), 2008, Elsevier.
 Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, C. N. Benwell and E. M. McCash, 2013,
McGraw Hill Education (India) Pvt. Ltd.
 Solid state electronic devices, B. G. Streetman and S. K. Banerjee, 2009, PHI Learning
Pvt. Ltd.
 Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, S. C. Gupta, 2005, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
 Optical Physics, A. Lipson, S. G. Lipson, H. Lipson, 4th Edn., 1996, Cambridge Univ.
Press
Course Title: DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS

Credits: 02
Type of course: Elective (Theory)
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To study CRO, analog and digital ICs, and to have the detail knowledge of combinational and
sequential logic circuits and their applications.
Course Outcomes
1. understand about the CROs, analog and digital ICs and number conversion and their use.
2. study the boolean algebra and know the link between boolean algebra and logic gates.
3. study how the gates is used as a data processing circuit in combinational logic circuits.
4. study in detail about sequential logic circuit and their use as flip-flops, digital counters,
shift registers and timer.
5. learn computer organization, microprocessor and assemble language and their use.
DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS
Paper Code: PHB-555
(Credits-04)
Unit-I: CRO, ICs and Digital Circuits

Introduction to CRO: Block Diagram of CRO. Electron Gun, Deflection System and Time Base.
Deflection Sensitivity. Applications of CRO: (1) Study of Waveform, (2) Measurement of Voltage,
Current, Frequency, and Phase Difference.
Integrated Circuits (Qualitative treatment only): Active & Passive components. Discrete
components. Wafer. Chip. Advantages and drawbacks of ICs. Scale of integration: SSI, MSI, LSI
and VLSI (basic idea and definitions only). Classification of ICs. Examples of Linear and Digital
lCs.
Digital Circuits: Difference between Analog and Digital Circuits. Binary Numbers. Decimal to
Binary and Binary to Decimal Conversion. BCD, Octal and Hexadecimal numbers. AND, OR and
NOT Gates (realization using Diodes and Transistor). NAND and NOR Gates as Universal Gates.
XOR and XNOR Gates and application as Parity Checkers.
Unit-II: Boolean algebra, Data processing circuits and Arithmetic Circuits

Boolean algebra: De Morgan's Theorems. Boolean Laws. Simplification of Logic Circuit using
Boolean Algebra. Fundamental Products. Idea of Minterms and Maxterms. Conversion of a Truth
table into Equivalent Logic Circuit by (1) Sum of Products Method and (2) Karnaugh Map.
Data processing circuits: Basic idea of Multiplexers, De-multiplexers, Decoders, Encoders.
Arithmetic Circuits: Binary Addition. Binary Subtraction using 2's Complement. Half and Full
Adders. Half & Full Subtractors, 4-bit binary Adder/Subtractor.
Unit-III: Sequential Circuits and Timers

Sequential Circuits: SR, D, and JK Flip-Flops. Clocked (Level and Edge Triggered) Flip-Flops.
Preset and Clear operations. Race-around conditions in JK Flip-Flop. M/S JK Flip-Flop.
Shift registers: Serial-in-Serial-out, Serial-in-Parallel-out, Parallel-in-Serial-out and Parallel-in-
Parallel-out Shift Registers (only up to 4 bits).
Counters (4 bits): Ring Counter. Asynchronous counters, Decade Counter. Synchronous Counter.
Timers: IC555: block diagram and applications: Astable multivibrator and Monostable
multivibrator.
Unit-IV: Computer Organization, Microprocessor and Assembly Language

Computer Organization: Input/Output Devices. Data storage (idea of RAM and ROM).
Computer memory. Memory organization & addressing. Memory Interfacing. Memory Map.
Intel 8085 Microprocessor Architecture: Main features of 8085. Block diagram. Components.
Pin-out diagram. Buses. Registers. ALU. Memory. Stack memory. Timing & Control circuitry.
Timing states. Instruction cycle, Timing diagram of MOV and MVI.
Introduction to Assembly Language: 1 byte, 2 byte & 3 byte instructions.
Reference Books:
 Digital Principles and Applications, A.P. Malvino, D.P.Leach and Saha, 7th Ed., 2011,
Tata McGraw
 Fundamentals of Digital Circuits, Anand Kumar, 2nd Edn, 2009, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
 Digital Circuits and systems, Venugopal, 2011, Tata McGraw Hill.
 Digital Systems: Principles & Applications, R.J.Tocci, N.S.Widmer, 2001, PHI Learning
 Logic circuit design, Shimon P. Vingron, 2012, Springer. Digital Electronics, Subrata
Ghoshal, 2012, Cengage Learning.
 Microprocessor Architecture Programming & applications with 8085, 2002, R.S. Goankar,
Prentice Hall.
Course Title: PHYSICS OF DEVICES AND INSTRUMENTS

Course Number: PHB-
Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop comprehension of fundamental concepts of electronic devices and their applications.
Course Outcomes
1. learn about the transistors and other semiconductor devices, like MOS, MOSFET,
CMOS etc.
2. explain the Power Supply, Integrated Circuit Regulators and various Filters.
3. learn the use of transistors as Multivibrators and to understand the basic principles of
Phase Locked Loop, Loop Filter circuits, transient response and basic idea of PLL IC.
4. understand the basic process for IC fabrication, Oxide layer, Oxidation technique for
Si and Metallization technique.
5. understand the Serial Communications and details of USB, GPIB and basic idea of
sending data through a COM port.
6. develop the idea of Communication Systems. Block diagram, Amplitude
modulation/demodulation, Phase, Pulse.
Course Title: NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS

Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
1. To develop basic understanding of fundamental concepts of properties of nuclei,
radioactive decay and interaction of nuclear radiation with matter.
2. To understand various types of particles and their properties, basic interactions,
conservation laws, concepts of spin and parity of particles, resonance particles and quark
model.
Course Outcomes
1. understand the concept of nuclear structure, radioactive decay and interaction of nuclear
radiation with matter.
2. detect nuclear radiations using gas filled detectors, G.M counter, ionization chamber.
scintillation detectors, semi-Conductor (SC) detectors and sensitive gas filled detectors.
3. explain the nature of interaction and their mediating quanta, conservation laws.
4. apply basic interactions to understand types of particles and its families, idea of resonances,
spins and parity of pions, concept of Quark model.
NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS
Paper Code: PHB-557
(Credits-04)
Theory:48 Lectures Tutorials:08
Unit I: General properties of nuclei: Constituent of nucleus and their intrinsic properties, size of
the nucleus, radii, charge density. Nuclear charge: measurement of nuclear charge, Alpha
scattering methods, nuclear mass, measurement of mass using Bainbridge spectrograph, mass
defect, binding energy, variation of binding energy with atomic mass number. Elementary idea of
nuclear fusion-fission, nuclear angular momentum, nuclear magnetic dipole moment, nuclear
electric quadrupole moment: definition, units, significance of positive and negative values.
Unit 2: Radioactive decay:- Radioactive series decay, growth and decay of daughter product,
ideal, transient, and secular equilibrium. Alpha decay: basic features of alpha decay, Gamow
factor, Giger Nutttal law, energy spectrum of alpha particles, fine structure. Beta decay: energy
kinematics of Beta decay, neutrino hypothesis, continuous nature of beta particle spectrum.
Gamma decay and selection rules for Gamma decay.
Nuclear reactions:- Types of reaction, conservation laws, Q-value: negative Q-value reaction and
threshold energies, energetic of α, β+, β- and electron capture (EC) decay.
Unit 3: Interaction of nuclear radiation with matter:- Energy loss due to ionization (Bethe
block formula), range and straggling, Cerenkov radiation, interaction of Gamma radiation with
matter, Photoelectric effect, Compton scattering and Pair production.
Detectors for Nuclear radiations:- Gas filled detectors, G.M counter, ionization chamber. Basic
principle of Scintillation detectors and construction of Photo multiplier tube (PMT). Principle of
Semi-Conductor (SC) detectors. Position sensitive gas filled detectors.
Unit IV: Particle Physics:- Basic interactions and their mediating quanta, types of particles and
its families, Fermions and Bosons, Leptons and Hadrons, particles and antiparticles, idea of
resonances, conservation rules in fundamental interactions. Determination of spins and parity of
pions, spins of particles, associated production, strangeness and decay mode, charge kaons, Isospin
and its conservation, Concept of Quark model: Quarks their quantum numbers.
Reference Books:
 Kenneth S. Krane : Introductory nuclearPhysics by (Wiley India Pvt. 2008)
 Bernard L. Cohen : Concepts of nuclear physics by (Tata Mcgraw Hill 1998)
 D. Griffith : Introductory to Elementary Particles (Jhon Wiley & Sons)
 Enge, H. A. : Introductory to nuclear Physics (Addison Wesely)
 Evans, R. D. :Atomic Nucleus (Macgraw Hill)
 Kapoor, S. S. & Ramamurthy, V. S. : Nuclear Radiation Detectors (New Age)
 Knoll, G. F. : Radiation Detectors
 Dodd, J. E . : Ideas of Particles Physics (Cambridge Univ. Press.)
 Martin, B. R & Shaw, R. G. : Ghoshal,: Particle Physics (John Wiley)
 S. N. : Atomic and Nuclear Physics (S. Chand & Company, Ltd)
B.Sc. (Hons.) VI Semester (Physics)
Course Title: CLASSICAL MECHANICS AND E.M. THEORY

Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop mathematical concepts and skills among the students regarding the Lagrangian
and Hamiltonian formulations of mechanical systems, E.M. theory and its applications.
Course Outcomes
1. express the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian and solve problems based on of various
classical systems
2. understand and solve central force and Kepler’s problems.
3. achieve an understanding of Maxwell’s equation, gauge transformation and
boundary conditions between different media.
4. manipulate and apply Maxwell’s equations to deduce wave equation,
electromagnetic field energy, momentum and angular momentum density.
5. analyse the phenomena of wave propagation in unbounded, bounded, vacuum,
dielectric and guided and unguided media.
6. calculate the reflection and transmission coefficient at plane interface in bounded
media.
7. know the features of planar, optical and rectangular wave guides and obtain the
field components, Eigen value equation and energy flow, phase and group
velocities in the dielectric media.
8. understand the fundamentals of propagation of electromagnetic waves through
optical fibres and calculate numerical aperture for step and graded indices, etc.
(BOS: 21.05.18)
Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) VI Semester (Physics)
CLASSICAL MECHANICS AND ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY
Paper Code: PHB-651
(Credits-04)
Unit-I: Lagrangian Dynamics and Variational Principles

Constraints -- holonomic and non-holonomic, time independent and time dependent.
Generalized coordinates, Lagrange equations from D’Alembert’s principle, velocity
dependent potentials, velocity dependent potential for e.m. field, applications of
Lagrangian formalism to simple mechanical systems. Variational principle: Technique of
the calculus of variation, Hamilton’s variational principle, Lagrange equations using
Hamilton’s principle. Generalised momenta, cyclic coordinates, Definition of energy
function and Hamiltonian and its physical significance, conservation of energy,
conservation of linear and angular momenta.
Unit-II: Hamiltonian Dynamics and Two-body Central Force Problems

Hamilton’s equation of motion from variational principle, Conservation laws and cyclic
coordinates, Hamiltonian as a constant of motion, Two-body problem: Central force
problem, conservation of angular momentum and Kepler’s second law, the Kepler
problem - inverse square law of force, Kepler’s first and third laws, the Virial theorem and
its simple applications. Two-body collisions - Scattering by a central force, Rutherford
scattering formula, transformation of the scattering problem from centre of mass to
laboratory coordinates.
Unit-III: Maxwell Equations and EM Waves

Review of Maxwell’s equations: Vector and Scalar Potentials. Gauge Transformations:
Lorentz and Coulomb Gauge. Electromagnetic (EM) Energy Density. Physical Concept of
Electromagnetic Field, Energy Density, Momentum Density and Angular Momentum
Density.
EM Wave Propagation in Unbounded Media: Propagation through conducting media,
relaxation time, skin depth. Wave propagation through dilute plasma, electrical
conductivity, plasma frequency, refractive index, skin depth, application to propagation
through ionosphere.
EM Wave in Bounded Media: Boundary conditions at a plane interface between two
media. Laws of Reflection & Refraction. Fresnel's Formulae for perpendicular & parallel
polarization cases, Brewster's law. Reflection & Transmission coefficients. Total internal
reflection, Metallic reflection (normal Incidence)
Unit-IV: Wave Guides and Optical Fibres

Wave Guides: Planar optical wave guides. Waves in hollow conductors. T.E. and T.M.
modes. Rectangular wave guides (TE and TM cases)
Optical Fibres:- Numerical Aperture. Step and Graded Indices (Definitions Only). Single
and Multiple Mode Fibres (Concept and Definition Only).
Reference Books:
 Classical Mechanics, H. Goldstein, 3rd Ed. (Paperback), 2011, Pearson Education
 Classical Dynamics of Particles Systems Marion, S. T. Thornton, and J. B. Marion,
5th Ed., 2003, Brooks Cole
 Introduction to Electrodynamics, D.J. Griffiths, 4th Ed., 2015, Pearson Education
India Learning Private Limited
 Classical Electromagnetic Radiation, Mark A. Heald and J. B. Marion, 3 rd Ed.,
1994, Saunders College Publishing
 Fundamentals of Optics, Devraj Singh, 2nd Ed., 2015, Prentice-Hall of India Pvt. Ltd
Course Title: STATISTICAL MECHANICS

Credits: 02
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
This course intends to develop understanding regarding the basic concepts of classical and
quantum statistical mechanics and its application to Classical and Quantum Theory of
Radiation, and Bose and Fermi Statistics.
Course Outcomes
On completion of the course, the student should be able to:
1. understand and describe the statistical nature of concepts in particular Macro state &
Microstate, Elementary Concept of Ensemble, Phase Space, Entropy and
Thermodynamic Probability, Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Law, Partition
Function, Thermodynamic Functions of an Ideal Gas, Classical Entropy Expression,
Gibbs Paradox, Thermodynamic Functions of a Two-Energy Levels System and
Negative Temperature.
2. differentiate between Classical and Quantum Theory of Radiation and derive the
properties of black body radiation from the classical and quantum perspective.
3. derive the B-E distribution law and apply it for a strongly Degenerate Bose Gas, Bose
Einstein condensation(qualitative description), properties of liquid He (qualitative
description), Radiation as a photon gas and Thermodynamic functions of photon gas.
4. obtain the Fermi-Dirac Distribution Law and use it to derive the Thermodynamic
functions of a completely and strongly Degenerate Fermi Gas, Fermi Energy, White
Dwarf Stars and Chandrasekhar Mass Limit.
5. solve problems relevant to above topics.
.Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) VI Semester (Physics)
STATISTICAL MECHANICS
Paper Code: PHB-652
(Credits-02)
Unit-I: Classical Statistics

Macrostate & Microstate, Elementary Concept of Ensemble, Phase Space, Entropy and
Thermodynamic Probability, Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Law, Partition Function,
Thermodynamic Functions of an Ideal Gas, Classical Entropy Expression, Gibbs Paradox,
Thermodynamic Functions of a Two-Energy Levels System, Negative Temperature.
Unit-II: Classical and Quantum Theory of Radiation
Classical Theory of Radiation: Properties of Thermal Radiation. Blackbody Radiation.
Pure temperature dependence. Review of Kirchhoff’s law, Stefan-Boltzmann law, Radiation
Pressure, Wien’s Displacement law, Wien’s Distribution Law, Saha’s Ionization Formula and
Rayleigh-Jean’s Law. Ultraviolet Catastrophe.
Quantum Theory of Radiation: Spectral Distribution of Black Body Radiation. Planck’s
Quantum Postulates. Planck’s Law of Blackbody Radiation. Deduction of (1) Wien’s
Distribution Law, (2) Rayleigh-Jeans Law, (3) Stefan-Boltzmann Law, (4) Wien’s
Displacement law from Planck’s law.
Unit-III: Bose-Einstein Statistics
B-E distribution law, Thermodynamic functions of a strongly Degenerate Bose Gas, Bose
Einstein condensation(qualitative description), properties of liquid He (qualitative description),
Radiation as a photon gas and Thermodynamic functions of photon gas.
Unit-IV: Fermi-Dirac Statistics
Fermi-Dirac Distribution Law, Thermodynamic functions of a completely and strongly
Degenerate Fermi Gas, Fermi Energy, White Dwarf Stars, and Chandrasekhar Mass Limit.
Reference Books:
 Statistical Mechanics, R.K. Pathria, Butterworth Heinemann: 2nd Ed., 1996, Oxford
University Press.
 Statistical Physics, Berkeley Physics Course, F. Reif, 2008, Tata McGraw-Hill
 Statistical and Thermal Physics, S. Lokanathan and R.S. Gambhir. 1991, Prentice Hall
 Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical Thermodynamics, Francis W. Sears
and Gerhard L. Salinger, 1986, Narosa.
 Modern Thermodynamics with Statistical Mechanics, Carl S. Helrich, 2009, Springer
An Introduction to Statistical Mechanics & Thermodynamics, R.H. Swendsen, 2012,
Oxford Univ. Press
 Statistical Physics, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, 3rd Ed, Elsevier
Course Title: BASIC INSTRUMENTATION SKILLS

Credits: 02
Type of course: Ability Enhancement (Theory)
Course Assessment:
Course Objective
To impart knowledge of design, operation and use of various electrical and electronic
instruments in real life applications and paraphrase their importance.
Course Outcomes
1. familiarize and analyze the signal accordance to accuracy, precision, sensitivity,
resolution, errors etc.
2. use and measure frequency, phase etc. of the signal with CRO.
3. acquire purpose, scope and concepts of signal generator and wave analyzer.
4. understand different types of bridges and their construction to find unknown values.
5. develop an understanding of construction and working of different analog and digital
devices.
BASIC INSTRUMENTATION SKILLS
Paper Code: PHB-653
(Credits-02)
Unit-I: Instruments for Electrical Measurement
Basic of Measurement: Instruments accuracy, precision, sensitivity, resolution range etc.
Errors in measurements and loading effects.
Multimeter: Principles of measurement of dc voltage and dc current, ac voltage, ac current
and resistance. Specifications of a multimeter and their significance.
Electronic Voltmeter: Advantage over conventional multimeter for voltage measurement
with respect to input impedance and sensitivity. Principles of voltage, measurement (block
diagram only). Specifications of an electronic Voltmeter/ Multimeter and their significance.
AC millivoltmeter: Type of AC millivoltmeters: Amplifier- rectifier, and rectifier- amplifier.
Block diagram ac millivoltmeter, specifications and their significance.
Unit-II: Cathode Ray Oscilloscope

Block diagram of basic CRO. Construction of CRT, Electron gun, electrostatic focusing and
acceleration (Explanation only– no mathematical treatment), brief discussion on screen
phosphor, visual persistence & chemical composition. Time base operation, synchronization.
Front panel controls. Specifications of a CRO and their significance.
Use of CRO for the measurement of voltage (dc and ac frequency, time period. Special
features of dual trace, introduction to digital oscilloscope, probes. Digital storage
Oscilloscope: Block diagram and principle of working.
Unit-III: Signal Generators and Analysis Instruments

Signal Generators and Analysis Instruments: Block diagram, explanation and
specifications of low frequency signal generators. pulse generator, and function generator.
Brief idea for testing, specifications. Distortion factor meter, wave analysis.
Impedance Bridges & Q-Meters: Block diagram of bridge. working principles of basic
(balancing type) RLC bridge. Specifications of RLC bridge. Block diagram & working
principles of a Q- Meter. Digital LCR bridges.
Unit-IV: Digital Instruments

Principle and working of digital meters. Comparison of analog & digital instruments.
Characteristics of a digital meter. Working principles of digital voltmeter.
Digital Multimeter: Block diagram and working of a digital multimeter. Working principle
of time interval, frequency and period measurement using universal counter/ frequency
counter, time- base stability, accuracy and resolution.
The test of lab skills will be of the following test items:

1. Use of an oscilloscope.
2. CRO as a versatile measuring device.
3. Circuit tracing of Laboratory electronic equipment,
4. Use of Digital multimeter/VTVM for measuring voltages
5. Circuit tracing of Laboratory electronic equipment,
6. Winding a coil / transformer.
7. Study the layout of receiver circuit.
8. Trouble shooting a circuit
9. Balancing of bridges
Laboratory Exercises:
1. To observe the loading effect of a multimeter while measuring voltage across a low
resistance and high resistance.
2. To observe the limitations of a multimeter for measuring high frequency voltage and
currents.
3. To measure Q of a coil and its dependence on frequency, using a Q- meter.
4. Measurement of voltage, frequency, time period and phase angle using CRO.
5. Measurement of time period, frequency, average period using universal counter/
frequency counter.
6. Measurement of rise, fall and delay times using a CRO.
7. Measurement of distortion of a RF signal generator using distortion factor meter.
8. Measurement of R, L and C using a LCR bridge/ universal bridge.
Open Ended Experiments:

1. Using a Dual Trace Oscilloscope
2. Converting the range of a given measuring instrument (voltmeter, ammeter)
Reference Books:
 A text book in Electrical Technology - B L Theraja - S Chand and Co.
 Performance and design of AC machines - M G Say ELBS Edn.
 Digital Circuits and systems, Venugopal, 2011, Tata McGraw Hill.
 Logic circuit design, Shimon P. Vingron, 2012, Springer.
 Digital Electronics, Subrata Ghoshal, 2012, Cengage Learning.
 Electronic Devices and circuits, S. Salivahanan & N. S.Kumar, 3rd Ed., 2012, Tata
Mc-Graw Hill
 Electronic circuits: Handbook of design and applications, U.Tietze, Ch.Schenk, 2008,
Springer
 Electronic Devices, 7/e Thomas L. Floyd, 2008, Pearson India 65
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Course Title: ATOMIC, MOLECULAR AND LASER PHYSICS

Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop the theoretical and experimental knowledge of various types of atomic/molecular
spectra and Lasers as well as the basic techniques of experimental spectroscopy.
Course Outcomes
1. know the theoretical and experimental background of atomic as well as molecular spectra.
2. understand various types of Lasers, their working and applications.
3. understand basic components of spectroscopic instruments and their functions.
4. know about measurements of atomic/molecular spectra using spectrometers.
ATOMIC, MOLECULAR AND LASER PHYSICS
Paper Code: PHB-654
(Credit-04)
Unit-I: Atomic Physics
One valence electron atom: Electronic configuration and atomic states, spin-orbit interaction, fine
structure, intensity rules for structure doublets, selection rule for electrical dipole transitions. Two
valence electron atoms: LS and jj coupling scheme, vector model of atom, terms and levels for
non-equivalent electron system (sp,pd and spd configuration) and equivalent electrons (p2,d2
configurations). Hund’s rules. Normal and anomalous Zeeman effect. Hyperfine structure.
Unit-II: Molecular Physics

Rotational Spectra: Diatomic molecule as rigid and non-rigid rotator, effect of isotopic
substitution, rotational spectrum.
Vibrational Spectra: The vibrating diatomic molecule, harmonic and anharmonic oscillator
models, vibrating-rotator and its spectrum. Infrared spectrum of diatomic molecules. Fundamental
modes of H2O and CO2.
Raman Spectra: Classical and quantum theory of Raman effect, polarizibility, rotational Raman
spectra of diatomic molecules. Vibrational Raman spectra.
Electronic spectra of diatomic molecules: Born-Oppenheimer approximation, Vibrational coarse
structure (progressions and sequences), intensity of vibrational-electronic spectra: Franck-Condon
principle (qualitative). Electronic structure of diatomic molecules: molecular orbitals, electronic
configuration, electronic angular momentum in diatomic molecules: classification of states,
molecular orbitals energy level diagram for simple diatomic molecules.
Unit-III: Laser Physics

Spontaneous and stimulated emissions, population inversion, Resonator: modes of resonator,
number of modes per unit volume, open resonator, quality factor, Laser pumping, ammonia maser,
principal and working of Argon ion, CO2 laser, and N2 lasers. Characteristics of laser beam.
Holography: Recording of hologram, reconstruction of image, characteristics of holographs.
Unit-IV: Experimental Spectroscopy

Spectrum, Absorption and Emission Spectra, Subdivisions of Spectroscopy, Spectroscope,
Spectrograph, Spectrometer, gratings. Determination of wavelength of a spectral line using the
transmission grating. Grating mountings. Rayleigh criterion of resolution. Dispersive and
resolving power. Resolving power of prism and grating. Prism and grating spectrographs. Prism
and grating spectra. Constant deviation spectrometer. Light sources and detectors.
Reference Books:
 Introduction to Atomic Spectra, White, H.E. (McGraw-Hill)
 Atomic and Quantum Physics, Haken, H. & Wolf, H.C.,
 Haken, H. & Wolf, H.C., Atomic and Quantum Physics (Springer-Verlag)
 Banwell, C.A., Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy (Tata McGraw-Hill)
 Hollas, J.M., Basic Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy(RS.C)
 Laud, B.B. Lasers and Non-Linear Optics (Wiley Eastern)
 Wolfgang Demtröder, Atoms, Molecules and Photons
 Sawyer, R.A., Experimental Spectroscopy (Dover)
 Thorne, A., Litzen, U, Johansson, S, Spectrophysics (Springer)
Course Title: NANOMATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS

Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop the basic concept of nanoscience and acquire an understanding of various
characterization techniques and potential applications of nanomaterials.
Course Outcomes
Upon completion of this course students will be able to:
1. understand the classification of nanostructures and effects of quantum confinement on
the electronic structure of nanomaterials.
2. comprehend the behavior of nanostructures in quantum mechanical approach
3. identify the different ways of nanomaterials synthesis and their characterization
techniques.
4. gain knowledge of basic theories of electron transport and optical properties of
nanomaterials.
5. provide understanding of MEMS/NEMS applications specially sensors, Micro
machining tools etc.
6. familiarize about the potential applications of nanomaterials in LEDs, solar cells,
MEMS/NEMS etc.
(BOS: 20.10.2018)
NANO MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS
Paper Code: PHB-655
(Credits-04)
Unit-I: Nanoscale Systems
Physical length scales in nanostructures, 1D, 2D and 3D nanostructures (nanodots, thin films,
nanowires, nanorods), Band structure and density of states of materials at nanoscale, Size
effects in smaller systems, Quantum confinement: Applications of Schrodinger equation-
Infinite potential well, potential step, potential box, quantum confinement of carriers in
nanostructures and its consequences.
Unit-II: Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructure Materials

Synthesis: Top down and Bottom up approach, High energy ball milling, Sol-gel method,
Spin coating, Electrodeposition, Thermal evaporation, E-beam evaporation, Pulsed laser
deposition (PLD). Chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
Characterization Techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
(STM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM).
Unit-III: Electron Transport and Optical Properties

Electrical Transport: Various conduction mechanisms in low dimensional systems:
Thermionic emission, Schottky effect, Poole-Frankel effect, Variable range hopping
conduction and Polaron conduction.
Optical properties of Semiconductor Nanoparticles: Excitons, Effective Mass Approximation,
Optical Properties: Photoluminescence, Electroluminescence, Cathodoluminescence and
Thermoluminescence.
Unit-IV: Applications
Applications of quantum dots for light emitting diodes (LEDs) and solar cells, Single electron
transistors (no derivation), CNTs based field effect transistors, Nanomaterial Devices:
Quantum dots heterostructure lasers, Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS), Nano
Electromechanical Systems (NEMS), Molecular switches.
Reference Books:
 CP. Poole, Jr. Frank J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology (Wiley India Pvt.
Ltd.).
 S.K. Kulkarni, Nanotechnology: Principles & Practices (Capital Publishing Company)
 K.K. Chattopadhyay and A. N. Banerjee, Introduction to Nanoscience and
Technology (PHI Learning Private Limited).
 Richard Booker, Earl Boysen, Nanotechnology (John Wiley and Sons).
 M. Hosokawa, K. Nogi, M. Naita, T. Yokoyama, Nanoparticle Technology Handbook
(Elsevier, 2007).
 Bharat Bhushan, Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology (Springer-Verlag, Berlin,
2004).
Course Title: CLASSICAL DYNAMICS

Credits: 04
Course Assessment:
Course Objectives
To develop basic understanding of the fundamentals of Classical Mechanics and
Electrodynamics.
Course Outcomes
1. express the equations of motion for complicated mechanical systems using the
Lagrangian, Hamiltonian and canonical transformation formulations of classical
mechanics
2. demonstrate an understanding of the basic principles of the special theory of relativity
and perform basic calculations in relativistic kinematics and dynamics in four vector
formalism.
3. master the technique of deriving and evaluating formulae for the electromagnetic fields
from very general charge and current distributions.
4. calculate the electromagnetic radiation from localised charges which move arbitrarily
in time and space, taking into account retardation effects and account for the underlying
approximations and assumptions.
5. describe the nature of electromagnetic wave and its propagation through different
media and interfaces.
CLASSICAL DYNAMICS
Paper Code: PHB-656
(Credits-04)
Unit-I:
Generalised coordinates and velocities. Hamilton's Principle, Lagrangian and Euler-
Lagrange equations. Applications to simple systems such as coupled oscillators.
Canonical momenta & Hamiltonian. Hamilton's equations of motion. Applications:
Hamiltonian for a harmonic oscillator, particle in a central force field. Poisson brackets.
Canonical transformations.
Unit-II: Special Theory of Relativity-I

Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity. Lorentz Transformations. Minkowski space. The
invariant interval, light cone and world lines. Space-time diagrams. Time-dilation, length
contraction & twin paradox.
Four-vectors:space-like, time-like & light-like. Four-velocity and acceleration. Metric and
alternating tensors. Four-momentum and energy-momentum relation. Doppler effect from a
four vector perspective. Concept of four-force. Conservation of four-momentum. Relativistic
kinematics. Application to two-body decay of an unstable particle.
Unit-III: Special Theory of Relativity-II

The Electromagnetic field tensor and its transformation under Lorentz transformations:
relation to known transformation properties of E and B. Electric and magnetic fields due to
a uniformly moving charge. Equation of motion of charged particle & Maxwell's equations
in tensor form. Motion of charged particles in external electric and magnetic fields.
Unit-IV: Electromagnetic Radiation and Wave Guides

Electromagnetic Radiation: Review of retarded potentials. Potentials due to a moving
charge: Lienard Wiechert potentials. Electric & Magnetic fields due to a moving charge:
Power radiated, Larmor’s formula and its relativistic generalisation.
Wave Guides: Planar optical wave guides. Planar dielectric wave guide. Condition of
continuity at interface. Phase shift on total reflection. Eigenvalue equations. Phase and group
velocity of guided waves. Field energy and Power transmission.
Reference Books:
 Classical Mechanics, H.Goldstein, C.P. Poole, J.L. Safko, 3rd Edn. 2002, Pearson
Education.
 Mechanics, L. D. Landau and E. M. Lifshitz, 1976, Pergamon.
 Classical Electrodynamics, J.D. Jackson, 3rd Edn., 1998, Wiley.
 The Classical Theory of Fields, L.D Landau, E.M Lifshitz, 4th Edn., 2003, Elsevier.
 Introduction to Electrodynamics, D.J. Griffiths, 2012, Pearson Education.
 Classical Mechanics: An introduction, Dieter Strauch, 2009, Springer.

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Undergraduate courses

VISION, MISSION, PROGRAM SPECIFIC

1. demonstrate a proficiency in each core area of Physics namely Mechanics,

Course Title: MECHANICS

Unit-II: Rotational Dynamics, Non-Inertial Systems and Central Force Motion

Unit-III: Oscillations and Waves

Unit-IV: Special Theory of Relativity

Additional Books for Reference:

Course Title: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM-I

Unit-I: Electric Field and Electric Potential

Unit-II: Magnetic Field

Unit-III: Dielectric & Magnetic Properties of Matter

Unit-IV: Electrical Circuits and Network Theorems and Electromagnetic Waves

Course Title: WAVES AND OPTICS

Unit-I: Superposition of Harmonic Oscillations and Harmonic Waves

Unit-II: Polarization of electromagnetic waves

Course Title: ANALOG SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS

Unit-I: Bipolar Junction Transistors and Amplifiers

Unit-II: Transistor Biasing and Feedback

Unit-III: RC Coupled Amplifiers, FET and Oscillators

Unit-IV: Operational Amplifier and its Applications

Course Title: THERMAL PHYSICS

Unit-I: Zeroth and First Law of Thermodynamics

Unit-II: Second Law of Thermodynamics

Unit-III: Kinetic Theory of Gases

Unit-IV: Real Gases

Course Title: ELEMENTS OF MODERN PHYSICS

Unit-I: Quantum Mechanics-I

Unit-II: Quantum Mechanics-II

Unit-III: Nuclear and Particle Physics

Additional Books for Reference:

Course Title: ELEMENTS OF MODERN PHYSICS

Unit-I: Particle and Waves

Unit-II: Quantum Mechanics

Unit-IV: Nuclear Physics and Elementary Particles

Course Title: MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS

Unit-I: Complex Analysis

Unit-II: Vector Calculus and Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinates

Unit-III: Fourier Series, and Integrals Transforms

Unit-IV: Frobenius Method and Special Functions

Course Title: QUANTUM MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Syllabus for B.Sc.(Hons.) V Semester (Physics)

Unit-I: Mathematical tools and Postulates of Quantum Mechanics

Unit-II: Tunnelling, Finite Square Well Potential & Harmonic Oscillator

Unit-III: Quantum Theory of Hydrogen Atom

Unit-IV: Quantum Computation

Course Title: SOLID STATE PHYSICS

Unit-I Crystal Structure

Unit-II Crystal bonding and Lattice Dynamics

Unit- III Magnetic Properties of Materials and Superconductivity

Unit- IV Free electron and Band theories of Solids

Course Title: APPLIED OPTICS

Unit-I: Sources and Detectors

Unit-IV: Fourier Optics and Fourier Transform Spectroscopy

Course Title: DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS

Unit-I: CRO, ICs and Digital Circuits

Unit-II: Boolean algebra, Data processing circuits and Arithmetic Circuits

Unit-III: Sequential Circuits and Timers

Unit-IV: Computer Organization, Microprocessor and Assembly Language