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    Symbiosis: Type of Symbiotic Relationship Description of Relationship

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    Munazza Imran - 31119/TCHR/ELCSB
    Symbiosis describes close associations between organisms of different species. There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, in which both organisms benefit; commensalism, where one benefits and the other is not harmed; and parasitism, where one benefits and the other is harmed. Some relationships can involve multiple types. The distinction between mutualism and commensalism is not always clear, depending on how dependent the organisms are on each other. Parasitism differs from predation in that the parasite depends on keeping its host alive, rather than killing it outright.

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    Symbiosis: Type of Symbiotic Relationship Description of Relationship

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    Munazza Imran - 31119/TCHR/ELCSB
    103 views2 pages
    Symbiosis describes close associations between organisms of different species. There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, in which both organisms benefit; commensalism, where one benefits and the other is not harmed; and parasitism, where one benefits and the other is harmed. Some relationships can involve multiple types. The distinction between mutualism and commensalism is not always clear, depending on how dependent the organisms are on each other. Parasitism differs from predation in that the parasite depends on keeping its host alive, rather than killing it outright.

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    Symbiosis Notes

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    Symbiosis describes close associations between organisms of different species. There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, in which both organisms benefit; commensalism, where one benefits and the other is not harmed; and parasitism, where one benefits and the other is harmed. Some relationships can involve multiple types. The distinction between mutualism and commensalism is not always clear, depending on how dependent the organisms are on each other. Parasitism differs from predation in that the parasite depends on keeping its host alive, rather than killing it outright.

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    103 views2 pages

    Symbiosis: Type of Symbiotic Relationship Description of Relationship

    Uploaded by

    Munazza Imran - 31119/TCHR/ELCSB
    Symbiosis describes close associations between organisms of different species. There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism, in which both organisms benefit; commensalism, where one benefits and the other is not harmed; and parasitism, where one benefits and the other is harmed. Some relationships can involve multiple types. The distinction between mutualism and commensalism is not always clear, depending on how dependent the organisms are on each other. Parasitism differs from predation in that the parasite depends on keeping its host alive, rather than killing it outright.

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    Symbiosis

    Symbiosis is defined as a close association between two organisms of different species. If one
    organism benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed, the interaction is called
    commensalism. If both organisms benefit, the interaction is called mutualism. If one organism is
    harmed and the other benefits, the interaction is called parasitism. Some relationships may be
    more than one kind.

    Often the distinction between mutualistic and commensal relationships is not clear. Very close
    associations in which both organisms depend on each other for survival are mutualistic. Looser
    associations can be defined as either mutualistic or commensal.

    Some students may wonder how the predator and prey relationship is different from
    parasitism. Like predators, parasites take sustenance from another living organism. However,
    because a parasite's survival also depends on the survival of its host, it does not kill the host
    outright. A parasite lives on or in the host for some part of its life cycle, and the host may or
    may not die as a result of the association.

    Type of
    Symbiotic
    Relationship
    Organisms Description of
    Relationship

    shrimp and sea commensalism The shrimp is immune


    anemone to the stinging tentacles
    of the sea anemone. By
    hiding in the sea
    anemone, the shrimp is
    protected from
    predators.
    green alga and mutualism A green alga and fungus
    fungus (lichen) are dependent on each
    other. The fungus gains
    nutrients synthesized
    from the alga, and the
    alga receives water and
    nutrient salts from the
    fungus.
    rhizobium mutualism The bacteria found on
    bacteria and the roots of a soybean
    soybean plant plant fix atmospheric
    nitrogen and make it
    available to the plant.
    The bacteria receives
    carbohydrates from the
    plant.
    hermit crab and mutualism The hermit crab is less
    sea anemone likely to be eaten by
    cuttlefish when an
    anemone rides on its
    shell. The anemone
    gains access to a wider
    feeding range.
    oxpecker bird commensalism The oxpecker bird eats
    and ticks living on the
    hippopotamus hippopotamus's back.
    tapeworm and parasitism The tapeworm attaches
    dog to the intestinal wall of
    the dog and takes
    nutrients consumed by
    the dog.
    crocodile and mutualism The Egyptian plover
    Egyptian plover feeds on leeches and
    other scraps of food in
    the crocodile's mouth.
    The crocodile benefits
    because the plover
    cleans its teeth.
    ant and acacia mutualism The ant burrows into a
    tree thorn of the acacia tree
    to live and eat sugar
    secreted by the tree.
    The ants benefit the
    tree by attacking
    predators.
    cleaner fish and mutualism The cleaner fish feeds
    shark on parasites in the
    shark's mouth and gills.
    tick and cow parasitism The tick burrows into
    the cow's skin to suck
    blood.

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