SUNLIGHT INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Olaya , Riyadh, KSA

FINAL REVISION SHEET

BIOLOGY GRADE 10
First term
S.Y. 2020-2021
NAME:__________________________________GRADE & SECTION:_________________

I. MULTIPLE CHOICE: Select the correct answer on the given alternatives.

Write the letter of your answer on the space provided before the number
_______1. What is the term for a feature that allows an organism to survive better in its
environment?

a. variation

b. adaptation

c. homologous structure

d. vestigial structure

_______ 2. All the individuals of a species that live in a particular area are called a

a. variation.

b. fossil.

c. population.

d. group.

_______3. The remnant of an organ that had a function in an early ancestor is known as a(n)
a. vestigial structure.

b. analogous structure.

c. homologous structure.

d. fossil structure.

_____ 4. What observations did Charles Darwin make about finches in the Galápagos Islands?

a. The same species of finches lived on all the islands.

b. Different species of finches lived on different islands. c. Various species of finches lived on
just one of the islands.

d. Identical species of finches lived in South America.

______5. Which scientist developed a classification system for organisms?

a. Carolus Linnaeus

b. Charles Darwin
c. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

d. Georges L.L. de Buffon

_____ 6. The tortoise from Abingdon Island, shown in Figure 10.1, would likely be better
adapted than the Albermarle Island tortoise to which of the following environments?

a. areas with short plants and mosses

b. areas with no plants and sand dunes

c. areas with lots of taller plants

d. areas with only tall trees

______7. Which theory states that floods and earthquakes have occurred often in Earth’s
history?

a. uniformitarianism

b. natural selection

c. catastrophism

d. artificial selection

_____8. The hind leg bones shown in the whale in Figure 10.2 are examples of
a. homologous structures.

b. analogous structures.

c. fossil structures.

d. vestigial structures

______9. Charles Darwin found fossils that looked like ancient versions of living species. From
this evidence Darwin suggested that Earth was

a. much more than 6000 years old.

b. less than 6000 years old.

c. only 6000 years old.

d. about 1000 years old.

______10. What is the process in which humans breed organisms for certain traits?

a. natural selection

b. inheritance of acquired characteristics

c. artificial selection

d. descent without modification

______ 11. Individuals that are well adapted to their environment will survive and produce

a. fewer mutations
b. . b. more offspring.
c. c. stronger genes.
d. d. better traits.

_____12. Natural selection results in change over time by acting on traits that are
a. heritable.

b. new.

c. mutated.

d. better.

______13. What is the study of the distribution of organisms around the world?

a. paleontology

b. geography

c. geology

d. biogeography

_______14. Fossil evidence shows that structures considered vestigial in living organisms

a. are not found in ancient organisms.

b. have always been vestigial.

c. were useful to their ancestors.

d. do not fill gaps in the fossil record.

______ 15. Which theory ties the fields of biology and geology together?

a. evolution

b. uniformitarianism

c. catastrophism

d. gradualism

_____16. The combined alleles of all the individuals in a population is called the

a. phenotype.

b. gene pool.
c. mutation rate.

d. allele frequency.

______17. What are two main sources of genetic variation?

a. mutations and extinction

b. recombination and extinction

c. recombination and reproduction

d. mutations and recombination

_____18. . Figure 11.1 shows how a population of cacti changes when it faces selective pressure
from two predators: peccaries (wild pigs) and a parasitic insect. The dashed line shows the
original population. The insects most often kill cacti with
a. intermediate number of spines.

b. high number of spines.

c. low number of spines.

d. complete lack of spines.

____19. What type of selection occurs when individuals in a population with the intermediate
phenotype are selected for?
a. directional selection

b. stabilizing selection

c. intermediate selection

d. disruptive selection

_____20. Figure 11.2 shows the tail feather length of male widowbirds and their reproductive
success. The males that had the greatest reproductive success were the birds with tails that
were
a. particularly short.

b. mid-length.

c. relatively long
. d. any length.

_____21. When a few individuals start a new colony it most likely results in

a. genetic drift through the founder effect.

b. more variety in the new population.
c. extinction due to the bottleneck effect.
d. mutation due to disruptive selection.

_____22. The movement of alleles from one population to another is called

a. founder effect.

b. microevolution.

c. genetic drift.

d. gene flow.

_____ 23. A population that has a normal distribution of the range of heights has many
individuals who are
a. tall and few who are average or very short.

b. short and few who are average or very tall.

c. average height and few who are very tall or very short.

d. average height and none who are very tall or very short.

______24. What does being in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium mean for a population?

a. The population is evolving very rapidly.

b. The population is not evolving.

c. Equilibrium would gradually end.

d. Gene flow would occur, but slowly.

_____25. If the actual allele frequencies in a population do not match genotype frequencies
predicted by the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the population is

a. isolated.
b. extinct

. c. shrinking.

d. evolving.

______ 26. Which of the five factors that can lead to evolution would operate on a change in
body color that enabled animals to better hide from predators?

a. natural selection

b. genetic drift

c. sexual selection

d. gene flow

______27. Reproductive isolation occurs when

a. a small number of individuals moves and starts a new population.

b. some catastrophic event greatly reduces the size of a population.

c. the gene pools of different populations have become very diversified

. d. members of different populations can no longer mate successfully.

______28. What type of isolation occurs when the timing of reproduction is different between
two populations?

a. geographic

b. temporal

c. behavioral

d. selective

_____29. Coevolution is a process in which species

a. evolve similar characteristics in different habitats.

b. become increasingly different from each other.

c. become extinct and are lost permanently.

d. evolve in response to changes in each other.

_____30. Two species that are closely related become increasingly different through

a. divergent evolution.

b. disruptive selection

. c. convergent isolation

. d. competitive relationships.

______31. The fossil footprint of a dinosaur is an example of a(n)

a. amber-preserved fossil.

b. natural cast.

c. trace fossil.

d. permineralized fossil.
_____32. In which of the following situations would it be more likely for a fossil to form?

a. A vertebrate dies near a river delta.

b. An invertebrate dies on a mountain.

c. A soft-bodied worm dies in a desert.

d. A mammal dies on a rock bed.

_____3 3. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to decay is known as the

a. isotope.

b. half-life

. c. product.

d. radiocarbon.

______34. Radiometric dating of which of the following samples has estimated the age of Earth
to be 4.5 billion years?
a. Burgess Shale fossils

b. Tollund Man

c. lake bed deposits

d. fallen meteorites

____35. A natural cast forms when an organism

a. is trapped in tree resin, which hardens around it.

b. leaves an impression in sediment that fills with minerals.

c. has hard structures that are surrounded by minerals. d. becomes encased whole in a material
that preserves it.

______36. Fossils that are useful for dating, because they are common, easy to identify,
widespread, and existed for a brief time are called

a. trace fossils.
b. extinct fossils.

c. index fossils.

d. key fossils.

_______37. Earth’s history is organized by

a. the Precambrian time scale.

b. units representing one million years.

c. the geologic time scale.

d. which plants lived on Earth.

______ 38. Which of the following is the longest time span in Earth’s history?

a. Mesozoic Era

b. Quaternary Period
c. Precambrian Time

d. Paleozoic Era

_____39. Which of the following periods make up the Mesozoic era?

a. Paleozoic, Cenozoic, Precambrian

b. Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian

c. Quaternary, Tertiary, Triassic

d. Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous

______40. The evolution of primates occurred in which of the following time periods?

a. Cenozoic Era

b. Mesozoic Era

c. Paleozoic Era
d. Precambrian Time

II. TRUE OR FALSE. Write the word TRUE if the statement is correct otherwise write FALSE

____________41. Gradual change in a species over time is called adaptation.

____________ 42. When some members of a species become isolated, they are less likely to
form a new species.

____________ 43. Through natural selection, harmful variations gradually accumulate in a

species.

____________ 44. The theory of punctuated equilibrium proposes that species evolve slowly but
steadily.

____________ 45. The more similar the DNA sequences of two species are, the more closely
related the species are.

____________46. Today scientists know that organisms are much less diverse than Darwin
imagined.
___________47. Without variation, all the members of a species would have the

same traits.

________48. To understand how evolution might occur, Darwin studied the offspring of wild
animals that were produced by artificial selection.

________49. Darwin made a number of important observations on the Hawaiian Islands.

________50. A new species can form when a group of individuals remains completely separated
from the rest of its family long enough to evolve different traits that prevent reproduction.

_______51. A natural catastrophe such as a river or volcano, may separate group members.

_______52. The fossil record shows patterns of gradualism over short periods of time.

_______53. Evolution explains how variations can lead to changes in a species.

_______54. Similar organisms on different islands called : variation

______55. Genetic variation in agene pool can be measured by hardy Weinberg equation
______56. Paleontology provides a record of past life forms and the way they change over time

______57. In the process of stabilizing selection extreme phenotypes are selected

_______58. Natural selection is not the only mechanism through which populations evolve

_______59. Temporal barrier lead to isolation

_______60. Extinction and speciation events cannot appear in patterns in the fossil record

________61. The fossil footprint of a dinosaur is an example of amber-preserved fossil.

________62. The amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to decay is known as
the isotope

________63. A natural cast forms when an organism leaves an impression in sediment that fills
with minerals.

________64. Fossils that are useful for dating, because they are common, easy to identify,
widespread, and existed for a brief time are called trace fossils.
________65. Earth’s history is organized by the geologic time scale.

_________66. Precambrian Time is the longest time span in Earth’s history

_________67. Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous are the periods make up the Mesozoic era

______68. The evolution of primates occurred during Cenozoic Era

_______69. The Hardy-Weinberg equation is used to calculate the gene flow rate among
organisms.

_______70. The five factors that can lead to evolution are gene flow, genetic drift, mutation,
natural selection, and controlled mating.

_______71. Mutations are important because they bring about genetic variation needed for a
population to evolve

_______72. genetic mutation is considered to be random

______73. The total and permanent disappearance of a species from Earth is called coevolution
______74. Speciation divergence of two or more species from an existing one

______75. Temporal isolation occurs when two populations of birds have different courtship
dances

_____76. A difference of chemical scents between two populations is an example of behavioral

isolation

_______77. . Over time, adaptations can lead populations to experience genetic changes

_______78. The difference in the physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals
in a group is called adaptation

_______79. the wings of an ostrich is an example of a vestigial structure

_______80. Biogeography is the study of the distribution of organisms around the world.
 Key answer

1. b

2. c

3. a

4. b

5. a

6. c

7. c

8. d
9. a

10. c

11. b

12. a

13. d

14. c

15. a

16. b

17. d

18. b

19. b
20. c

21. a

22. d

23. c

24. b

25. d

26. a

27. d

28. b

29. d

30. a
31. c

3 2. a

33. b

3 4. d

35. b

36. c

37. c

38. c

39. d

40. a
True or false

41. false

42. true

43. false

44. false

45. true

46. false

47. false

48. false

49. false

50. false
51.true

52. false

53. true

54. true

55. false

56. true

57. false

58. true

59. true

60. false

61. false
62. false

63. true

64. false

65. true

66. true

67. true

68. true

69. false

70. false

71. true

72. true
73. false

74. true

75. false

76. true

77. true

78. false

79. true

80. true