TEORIE TRIGONOMETRIE

1) GRADE SI RADIANI π..........180º

2) DEFINITII: 3) VALORILE FUNCTIILOR TRIGONOMETRICE

sin:R→[−1;1], 0 π/6 π/4 π/3 π/2 π 3π
π/2
cos:R→ [−1;1] 0 30 45 60 90 180 270o
o o o o o o

sin 0 1 2 3 1 0 −1
π  2
tg:R\  + kπ k ∈ R  → R, 2 2
2  cos 1 3 2 1 0 −1 0
ctg: R\ {kπ k ∈ R} →R 2 2 2
tg 0 3 1 3 0
3
4) FORMULA FUNDAMENTALA
ctg 3 1 3 0 0
2 2
sin x+cos x=1 3

6) PERIODICITATE functiile sin si cos sunt

5) FORMULE TRIGONOMETRICE
periodice de perioada principala 2π π, iar functiile
sin x tg si ctg sunt periodice de perioada principala π
tgx=
cos x
sin(x+2π)=sinx, cos(x+2π)=cosx
cos x
ctgx= tg(x+π)=tgx,ctg(x+π)=ctgx
sin x
1 1
ctgx= ; tgx= ; tgxctgx=1 7) Paritate: sin, tg, ctg sunt impare, cos este para
tgx ctgx
sin(−x)=−sinx, tg(−x)=−tgx, ctg(−x)=−ctgx
cos(−x)=cosx

9) COMPLEMENT

sin  − x  =cosx; sin(90º−x)=cosx

8) SUPLEMENT π
2 
sin(π−x)=sinx ; sin(180º−x)=sinx
cos  − x  =sinx; cos(90º−x)=sinx
π
cos(π−x)=−cosx; cos(180º−x)= −cosx
2 
tg(π−x)= −tgx; tg(180º−x)= −tgx
tg  − x  =ctgx=
π 1 1
; tg(90º−x)=ctgx=
ctg(π−x)= −ctgx; ctg(180º−x)=−ctgx 2  tgx tgx

ctg  − x  =tgx=
π 1 1
; ctg(90º−x)= tgx=
2  ctgx ctgx
10) FORMULELE SUMEI SI DIFERENTEI
11) FORMULELE UNGHIULUI DUBLU:
sin(a+b)=sinacosb+sinbcosa
sin(a−b)=sinacosb−sinbcosa sin2x=2sinxcosx

cos(a+b)=cosacosb−sinasinb cos2x=cos2x−sin2x=2cos2x−1=1−2sin2x

cos(a−b)=cosacosb+sinasinb

13) TRANSFORMAREA SUMEI IN PRODUS

12) FORMULELE TANGENTEI a+b a−b
sin a + sin b = 2sin cos
2 2
tga + tgb
tg (a + b) = a−b a+b
1 − tga ⋅ tgb sin a − sin b = 2sin cos
2 2
tga − tgb
tg (a − b) = a+b a −b
1 + tga ⋅ tgb cos a + cos b = 2cos cos
2 2
2tga
tg 2a = a+b a −b
1 − tg 2 a cos a − cos b = −2sin sin
2 2

15) FORMULELE UNGHIULUI

14) TRANSFORMAREA PRODUSULUI IN SUMA TRIPLU:
sin(a + b) + sin(a − b) sin3x=3sinx-4sin3x
sin a ⋅ cos b =
2 cos3x=4cos3x−3cosx
cos(a − b) + cos(a − b)
cos a ⋅ cos b = 16) UNGHIUL PE JUMATATE
2
a 1 − cos a
cos(a − b) − cos(a + b) sin 2 =
sin a ⋅ sin b = 2 2
2 a 1 + cos a
cos 2 =
2 2
a sin a 1 − cos a
tg = =
2 1 + cos a sin a
a
2tg
sin a = 2
a
1 + tg 2
2
a
1 − tg 2
cos a = 2
a
1 + tg 2
2

17) ECUATII TRIGONOMETRICE

sinx=a⇒x=(-1)karxsina+kπ
cosx=a⇒x=±arccosa+2kπ
tgx=a⇒x=arctga+kπ
ctgx=a⇒x=arcctga+kπ