BS5500 - 1994-1

Committees responsible for this
British Staildard
The ~ r e ~ a r a t i oofnthis British Standard was entrusted bv the Pressure Vessel

stanha& Policy Committee (PVEI-) to Technical committee PVEi1, upon
which the following bodies were represented:
Associated Offices Technical Committee

British Chemical Engineering Contracton' Asociation
British Compressed Air Society
British Compressed Gases Association
British Gar plc
British R~frigerationAssociation
Departrent of n a d e and liidustry (hlecha~~ical
Engineering and hlanufacturing
Technolow Division (hlmt))
Electricity Association
Energy Industries Council
Engin~eringEquipment and Materials Users' Association
Health and Safety Executive
Independent Engineering Insuren' Committee
lnstitution of Chemical Engineers
Institlition of Mechanical E n g i n r ~ r s
LP Gas Association
Lloyd's Register of Shipping
Power Generation Contractors' Association (BEAMA Ltd.)
Process Plant Association
Refrigeration Industry Board
Society of British Gas Industries
The Welding Institute
The following bodieswere also represented in the drarting of the standard, tlm,ugh
subcommittees and panels:
AEA Technolow
Association of Consulting Engineers
Association of Mant~facturenAllkd to the Electrical and Electronic lndustn, (BEAMA Ltcl.)
REAMA I.td.
Institute of Quality Assurance

lnstitute of Refrigeration
Institution of Gas Engineers
Institution of Plant Enaneers
Ministry of Defence
Transmission and Distribution Association (BEAMA Ltd.)
Tubes Investments Limited
l'ilis British Standard, having University of Liverpool
Iwen prepared under the Welding Manufacturers' Association (BEAMA Ltd.)
ciir~ctionoi the Materials and
Clrmicals (I/-), war published
un<lerthe authority of the
Slalidards heard and comes Into
vrl'ert c m
1.5 Marcl~1995
Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No. Text affected
Rrst published March 1976
Second edition January 1982
Third edition January 1985
Fourth edition January 1988 8323
Fifthedition .January 1991
Sixth edition Man.it 1!19.'1
8563
The following BSI reference
relates to the work on thls
standard:
Committee referent? PVE, I
ISBN 0 580 22555 0 A I

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Amendment No. 2
published and effective from 15 March 1995
to BS 5500 : 1994
Specification for unfired fusion welded pressure vessels
Corrections to first updating of BS 5500 : 1994 : instructions for

the insertion of revised pages
I The issue number on each page indicates the relationship of the page to the oliginal
standard (see foreword to the standard). Issue 3 indicates a revised page to replace
the original page of the same nunlber. Vertical side-lining on replacement pages
indicates that a change (or changes) has been made at that point. Where only one of
the two back-up pages have been revised, the appropriate text has been reprinted on
the reverse so that the original sheet may be removed from the standard.
Preliminary pages
ntle page Replace existing page (unchanged on front)

ix and x Replace existing pages
Page
3/33 Replace existing page 3/33 (page 3133a unchanged on back)

4/10 Replace existing page (page 419 unchanged on front)
AMD 8323
Amendment No. 1 ._..,!

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.
j
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., -.. . i
published 15 September 1994 and effective from 1 January 1995
to BS 5500 : 1994 I
\".:
-- ...*3 ,,i
i
Specification for unfired fusion welded pressure vessels

q,'<.l. ,- U ',..
.--'-
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First updating of BS 5500 : 1994 : instructions for the insertion of new and revised
pages
The issue number on each page indicates the relationship of the page to the original standard (see foreword to
the standard). Issue 2 indicates arevised page to replace the original page of the same number. Vertical side-
lining on replacement pages indicates that a change (or changes) has been made at that point. Where only one
of the two back-up pages has been revised, the appropriate text has been reprinted on the reverse so that the
original sheet may be removed from the standard.
,I Preliminary pages
' Title page Replace existing page (unchanged on front)
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AMD 8323

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Enquiry cases
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BS 5 5 0 0 : 1 9 9 4
Issue 2, J a n u a r y 1995
) Contents
Page Page
Committees responsible Inside front page 3.6.2 Cylindrical shells 3/37
Summary of pages ix 3.6.3 Conical shells 3147
Foreword xii 3.6.4 Spherical shells 3149
3.6.5 Hemispherical ends 3152
Specification 3.6.6 Torispherical ends 3152
Section one. General 3.6.7 Ellipsoidal ends 3/52
1.1 Scope . 111 3.6.8 Procedure by which the departure
1.2 Interpretation 111 from the mean circle may be
1.3 Definitions 112 obtained 3/52
1.4 Responsibilities 112 3.7 Supports, attachments and internal
1.4.1 Responsibilities of the purchaser
structures 3/55
112
1.4.2 Responsibilities of the manufacturer 3.7.1 General 3/55
112
1.4.3 Responsibilities of the Inspecting 3.7.2 Supports 3/55
Authority 112 3.8 Bolted flanged connections 3/56
) 1.4.4 Certificate of Compliance 112 3.8.1 General 3/56
1.5 lnformation and requirements t o be 3.8.2 Notation 316 1
agreed and t o be documented 115 3.8.3 Narrow-faced gasketed flanges 3/62
1.5.1 lnformation to be supplied by the 3.8.4 Full-faced flanges with soft ring
purchaser 115 type gaskets 3163
1.5.2 lnformation to be supplied b y the 3.8.5 Ungasketed seal welded flanges 3164
manufacturer 115 3.8.6 Reverse narrow-face flanges 3/64
Section two. Materials 3.8.7 Reverse full-face flanges 3164
2.1 Selection of materials 211 3.9 Flat heat exchanger tubesheets 31107
2.2 Materials for l o w temperature 3.9.1 Notation 31107
applications 211 3.9.2 Characteristics of perforated plates 31108
2.3 Carbon, carbon manganese and 3.9.3 Tubesheets of exchangers with
alloy steels 212 floating heads or U-tubes 31108
3.9.4 Tubesheets of fixed tubesheet
Section three. Design exchangers 31117
3.1 General 311 3.9.5 Allowable shell and tube
3.2 Application 311 longitudinal stresses 31121
' 3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
Corrosion, erosion and protection
General
Additional thickness to allow for
312
312
3.9.6
3.10
3.10.1
Allowable tube joint end load
Design of welds
General
31121
31124
31124
corrosion 313 3.10.2 Weld joints for principal seams 31124
3.3.3 Linings and coatings 313 3.10.3 Welded joints for other than
3.3.4 Wear plates 313 principal seams 31124
3.4 Construction categories and design 3.10.4 Welded joints in time dependent
stresses 313 applications 31124
3.4.1 Construction categories 313 3.11 Jacket construction 31126
3.4.2 Design stresses 313 3.11.1 General 31126
3.5 Vessels under internal pressure 314 3.11.2 Jacketed cylindrical shells 31126
3.5.1 Cylindrical and spherical shells 314 3.1 1.3 Welded jacket connections 31126
3.5.2 Domed ends 315 3.11.4 Compensation 31126
3.5.3 Conical ends and truncated cones 319 3.12 Manholes and inspection openings 31128
3.5.4 Openings and branch connections 3115 3.13 Protective devices for excessive
3.5.5 Flat ends and flat plates 3/30 pressure or vacuum 31128
3.5.6 Spherically domed and bolted ends Section four. Manufacture and workmanship1
of the form shown in figure 3.5.6 3135
4.1 General aspects of construction 411
3.6 Vessels under external pressure 3136
4.1.1 General 411
3.6.1 General 3/36
BS 5500 : 1994
Page Page
General )
4.1.2 Material identification 411 5.7.1 516
4.1.3 Order of completion of weld seams 411 5.7.2 Assessment of defects 516
4.1.4 Junction of more than t w o weld 5.7.3 Repair of welds 518
seams 4/1 5.8 Pressure tests 5115
4.2 Cutting, forming and tolerances 4/1 5.8.1 General 5115
4.2.1 Cutting o f material 4/1 5.8.2 Basic requirements 5115
4.2.2 Forming of shell sections and plates 4/1 5.8.3 Hydraulic testing 5115
4.2.3 Assembly tolerances 4/2a 5.8.4 Pneumatic tests 5116
Tolerances for vessels subject t o 'Standard' test pressure 5/16
internal pressure Proof hydraulic test 5/17
Tolerances for vessels subject to
Combined hydrauliclpneumatic tests 5/18
external pressure
Leak testing 5118
Welded joints
Vessel nameplate 5118
General
Final inspection 5118
Welding consumables
Preparation of plate edges and Appendices
openings A Recommendations for design where
Assembly for welding loadings and components are not i
Attachments and the removal of covered b y section three All
temporary attachments B Recommendations for cylindrical,
Butt joints spherical and conical shells under
Welding: general requirements combined loadings, including wind
and earthquakes 611
Heat treatment
C Recommendations for the assessment
Preheat requirements of vessels subject to fatigue C11
Normalizing: ferritic steels D Requirements for ferritic steels in
Post-weld heat treatment bands MO t o M 4 inclusive for vessels
Methods of heat treatment required to operate below 0 "C Dl1
Post-weld heat treatment procedure E Recommendations for welded
Surface finish connections of pressure vessels El1
F Recommendations for an alternative
Section five. Inspection and testing design method for compensation using
5.1 General 511 area replacement F11
Approval testing of fusion welding G Recommendations for methods of
5.2
procedures 512 calculation of stresses from local loads,
thermal gradients, etc. g11
5.3 Welder and operator approval 512a
Recommendations for post-weld ~)
5.4 Production control test plates 513 heat treatment of dissimilar ferritic
5.4.1 Vessels i n materials other than steel joints HI1
9 % N i steel 5/3 J Recommendations for pressure relief
5.4.2 9 % N i steel vessels 513 protective devices J11
5.5 Destructive testing- 513 K Reauirements for the derivation o f
5.6 Non-destructive testing 513 material nominal design strengths for
construction category 1 and 2 vessels W1
5.6.1 General 513
(Text deleted 41
5.6.2 Parent materials 513
M Guidance on safe external working
5.6.3 Components prepared for welding 5/3 pressure for cylindrical sections outside
5.6.4 Non-destructive testing of welded the circularity limits specified i n 3.6 m11
joints
514 N N o t allocated N11
5.6.5 Choice o f non-destructive test P Recommendations for stainless steel
methods for welds 515
components with higher design
5.6.6 Non-destructive testing techniques for stresses PI1
welds
515 Q Recommendations for preparation and
5.7 Acceptance criteria for weld defects testing of production control test plates Q/1
revealed b y visual examination and )
non-destructive testing 516
BS 5500 : 1994
Page Page
R Guidance on additional information Gasket materiais and contact
for flat ends and flat plates R/1 facings: gasket factors ( m )for
S Guidance on optional documentation operating conditions and
for supply with vessel S/1 m i n i m u m design seating
stress ( y) 3/66
T Recommendations for arc welded tube
to tubeplate joints TI1 Values of T,Z,Yand U (factors
involving Kl 3/68
U Guidance on the use of fracture
mechanics analyses u11 Values of A Cas a function of F,
and R for all tubesheets, and C,
V Requirements for testing and for U-tubesheets only 31109
inspection of serially produced
pressure vessels Values of F, for typical tube
joints 31121
Annex Circumference 413
AA Supplement t o BS 5500. Requirements Tolerance on depth of domed ends 413
for aluminium and aluminium alloys i n Preheating recommendations for
the design and construction o f unfired welding 416
fusion welded pressure vessels Requirements for post-weld heat
treatment of ferritic steel vessels 419
Tables
Alternative requirements for
1.5 Purchaser options and features post-weld heat treatment of
requiring approval by the ferritic steel vessels 4110
purchaser
Inspection stages i n the course
2.2.2 Bolting materials for low- of which participation by the
temperature Inspecting Authority is mandatory 511
2.3 Design strength values: index of Other principal stages of
steels inspection 512
2.3A Additional materials that may be Tensile test temperature 512
used for category 3 construction
Weld procedure tests for butt
3.4 Construction categories welds i n 9 % N i steel 5/2a
3.5.2.3 Values o f e l D x l O V o r unpierced
Thickness limits for examination
domed ends in terms of h,lD
of internal flaws 514
and p/f
Radiographic acceptance levels 5P
3.5.3 Junction at the large base of the
cone with knuckle: values o f C, Ultrasonic acceptance levels
as a function of y and rlD, applicable t o ferritic steels and
weld metals in the thickness
3.5.4(1) Thickness of branches
range 7 m m to 100 m m inclusive 519
3.5.4(2) Design values of t,lT,
Visual and crack detection
3.5.4(3) Values of C T,/Tfor figures acceptance level 511 1
3.5.4(1) t o (3) when tJT, = 0
Radiographic acceptance levels
3.6( 1) Derivation of L, (reassessment of category 2
3.6(2) Values for G and N which may construction) 5114
be assumed Ultrasonic acceptance levels
3.6(3) E values for ferritic and austenitic (reassessment of category 2
steels and aluminium alloys construction) 511 4
(Young's modulus) Classification of stresses for
3.6(4) Values of (ue/El (d/ew)2for some typical cases N5
internal flat bar stiffeners Impact requirements for plates,
3.6(5) Values of (ue/El (d/ew)2 for forgings, castings and tubes Dl6
external flat bar stiffeners Design reference temperature Dl6
3.8.1.4 Recommended design stress Design reference temperature
values for flange bolting for heat exchanger tubes Dl6
materials GI10
Values of K, and K2
3.8.1.4.1 Bolt root areas
Design factors K, and K2 GI60
3.8.1.6 Recommended surface finish on
Design factors K3 and K, and
gasket contact faces for body allowable tangential shearing
flanges and flanges fitted with
stresses GI60
covers
Design factor K, GI6 1
BS 5500 : 1 9 9 4
Page Page
G.3.3.2.5.2 Values of constants C,, C,, K,, 3.5.4(10) 1
G.3.3.3
G.4(1)
G.4(2)
G.4(3)
K, and K,
Values of K,, and K,,
Circumferential stress factor C,
Bending stress factor C,
Meridional stress factor C,
GI64
GI72
Gr73
Gr73
3'5'4(1
3.5.4(12)
3,5,4(13),
3.5.4114)
3.5.4(15)
1 Notation applicable t o cylinders
Protruding r i m
Flush rim
3/24.
3/25
3/25
3/25
G.4(4) Branch bending stress factor C, Gr74 3.5.4(16) Arrangement factor g 3/25
H.l Classification of materials 3.5.4(17) Branch compensation 3/26
I
P. 1 Design strength values
3'5'4(18) Notation applicable t o
T.4 Tube to tubesheet joints: 3/26
essential tests and the suitability 3'5'4(191 spheres and cylinders
3.5.4(20)
of joint types for optional tests TI5
3.5.4(21) Modified flush branch
2.3 Design strength values AA/2
compensation 3/27
5.4 Number of test specimens for
3.5.4(22) Modified protruding branch
weld procedure approval and
compensation 3/28
production control tests AA/6
3.5.5(1) Typical welded flat ends and
5.7 Acceptance levels AN9
covers 3/30
5.8.10 Principal stages of inspection AAI10 3,5,5(2) Typical
flat ends
and covers 313 1
Figures
3.5.5(3) Flat unstayed heads: design
3.5.2.1 Domed ends 3/5
curves 3/32
3.5.2.3 Design curves for unpierced
3.5.5(4) Value of coefficient Z f o r
domed ends 3r7
noncircular flat heads 3/33
3.5.3(1) Conelcone and conelcylinder
3.5.5(5) Typical stays: areas supported
junctions 3110
b y stays 3/34
3.5.3(2) M a x i m u m angle y for large base
Spherically domed and bolted
of cone 3/11 3'5'6
end 3/35
3.5.3(3) Value of coefficient M f o r a
3.6(0) Stiffening rings for cylindrical
junction at the large base of the
vessels subject t o external
cone without knuckle 311 1
pressure 3/38
3.5.3(4) Design curves: determination
3.6(1) Design curves: calculation of
of C, 3112
minimum cylindrical shell
3.5.3(5) M a x i m u m angle yrfor small base thickness (values of n for which
of cone 3114 p, is a m i n i m u m ) 3/38
3.5.3(6) Value of coefficient M f o r a 3.6(2) Values of € f o r use with
junction at the small base of the equation (3.121 3/40
cone without knuckle
3/14 3.6(3) Curves for evaluation of
3.5.4(0) Positions of openings or nozzles allowable pressure p 3/41
i n dished ends
3/16 3.6(4) Schematic representation of
3.5.4(1) Design curves for protruding stiffeners 3/43
nozzles in spherical vessels
3.6(5) Design of stiffeners 3/45
(d/D< 0.5) and for protruding
nozzles in cylindrical and conical 3.6(61 Values of p for use w i t h
vessels (d/D < K) 3118 equation (3.13) 3/50
3.5.4(2) Design curves for flush nozzles 3.6(7) Conical sections: typical
in spherical shells (d/D< 0.5) and stiffeners 3/51
for flush nozzles in conical shells 3.8.3(1) Location of gasket load reaction 3/67
(d/D< X) 3/19 3.8.3(2) Values of T, U, Y and Z 3r72
3.5.4(3) Design curves for flush nozzles i n 3.8.3(3) Values of F(integra1 method
cylindrical shells (0 < d/D < 0.3) 3/20 factors) 3r73
3.5.4(4) Design curves for flush nozzles in 3.8.3(4) Values of V(integra1 method
cylindrical shells (0.2 < d/D s1.0) 3/22 factors) 3r7 3
3.5.4(5) Nozzle in a conical shell 3/24 3.8.3(5) Values of FL(loose hub flange
3.5.4(6) factors) 3r7 4
Notation applicable t o spheres 3/24 3.8.3(6) Values of VL (loose h u b flange 1
3.5.4(8) factors) 3r7 4
3.5.4(9) ,
IV
BS 5500 : 1994
Page Page
3.8.3(71 Values of f ( h u b stress C.3.1 Design fatigue curve for steel
correction factors) 3/7 4 bolting for temperatures up t o
3.8.5 Ungasketed, seal-welded-type and including 375 "C and for
flanges 3/75 aluminium bolting for
temperatures up to and
3.8.6 Contact face between loose and including 100 "C c/7
stub flanges i n a lap joint where
diameters A, and B, are defined C.4.3 Construction of test fatigue curve Cl8
by the same component 3/75 D.3(1) Permissible design reference
3.9(1) DesLgn curves: determination temperaturelreference
of C, 31109 thicknesslmaterial impact test
temperature relationships for .
3.9(2)
3.9(3)
3.9(4)
1 Design curves: determination
of F.
Design curves: determination
311 10
3/11 1
311 12
D.3(2)
as-welded components
Permissible design reference
Dl1
temperaturelreference
3.9(5) of Fi 311 13 thicknesslmaterial imoact test
3.9(6) Typical clamped and simply temoerature relationshi~sfor
supported configurations for posi-weld heat-treated
floating head or U tubesheets 31114 components
Characteristic for perforated Reference thickness: slip-on
thin plates, e < 2P 31115 and plate flanges, tubeplates
Characteristic for perforated and flat ends
thick plates, e 2 2P 31116 Reference thickness: weld neck
Tubesheet: determination o f F, 31118 flanges, tubeplates and flat ends
Tubesheet: determination o f H Location of Charpy V-notch
for X, > 4.0 31119 specimens in weld metal
Tubesheet: determination of H (as-welded vessels)
for X, < 4.0 311 19a Location of Charpy V-notch
Determination of the buckling specimens in weld metal (stress
length L, 3112 1 relieved vessels)
Butt welds i n plates of unequal Location of Charpy V-notch
thickness 31125 specimens in heat affected zone
Butt welds with offset of Example of detail for avoidance
median lines 31126 of severe thermal gradients
Some acceptable types o f Examples of details for attaching
jacketed vessels 31127 non-critical components to
pressure shell
Typical blocking ring and sealer
ring construction 31127 Typical weld preparations for
butt welds using the manual
Illustration of welded joints for metal-arc process
non-destructive testing 514a
Typical weld preparations for
Partial non-destructive testing circumferential welds where the
(NDT) category 2 constructions 519 second side is inaccessible for
Stress categories and limits of welding
stress intensity 4/4 Typical weld preparations for
Stresses in a cylindrical shell butt welds using the submerged
under combined loading 813 arc welding process
Stresses i n a spherical shell Typical weld preparations for
under combined loading 814 butt welds using the manual inert
Stresses i n a conical shell under gas arc welding for austenitic
combined loading 815 stainless and heat resisting
steels only
Design fatigue curve for steels for
temperatures up t o and including Typical weld details for
375 "C and for aluminium alloys circumferential lap joints
for temperatures u p to and Typical full penetration joint
including 100 "C C16 preparations for one-sided
welding only: aluminium and
its alloys
BS 5500 : 1994
Page Page
Typical full penetration joint Jacketed vessels: typical
i
preparations for two-sided through connections El44
welding only: aluminium and
its alloys El9 Flat ends and covers El45
Typical full penetration joint Tubeplate to shell connections:
preparations for one-sided accessible for welding o n both
welding with temporary backing sides of the shell El48
or permanent backing: Tubeplate to shell connections:
aluminium and its alloys El10 accessible for welding from
Standard weld details El14 outside of shell only El49
Transverse and longitudinal Tubeplate to shell connections:
sections of branch connections El15 accessible for welding on both
sides of shell El50
Weld details for set-in branches El16
Tubeplate to shell
connections
Compensation of welded
Set-on branches El17-El23 branch or standpipe or opening F/2
Restriction on vessellattachment
geometry GI2
Vessel with central radial load GI3
Set-in branches: fillet welded Vessel with radial load out
connections El24 of centre GI3
Set-in branches: partial Graph for finding equivalent
length L, GI4
+($
2
penetration butt welded
connections El25 Chart for finding 64 GI5
Set-in branches: full Cylindrical shells with radial load:
penetration connections E126, El27 circumferential moment per
Set-in branches: full millimetre width G/6
penetration connections with Cylindrical shells with radial load:
asymmetrical butt joints El28 longitudinal moment per
Set-in branches: full millimetre width GI7
penetration connections Cylindrical shells with radial load:
welded from one side only El29 circumferential membrane force
E.2(17)
E.2(18) 1 Forged branch connections E130, El31
per millimetre width
Cylindrical shells with radial load:
longitudinal membrane force per
GI8
Set-on branches with added

compensation rings El32 millimetre width GI9
Circumferential bending moment
due to a radial line load variation
Set-in branches with added round circumference GI1 1
compensation rings El33-El36 Longitudinal moment from
radial line load variation round
Studded connections El37 circumference GI12
Socket welded and screwed Circumferential membrane force
connections E/38 from radial line load variation
round circumference GI13
Flanges El39-El41 Longitudinal membrane force
from radial line load variation
round circumference GI14
Jacketed vessels: typical vessel1 Circumferential bending moment
blocking ring attachments El42 due to a radial line load variation
Jacketed vessels: typical along cylinder GI16
blocking ringljacket attachments El43 Longitudinal moment due to a
Jacketed vessels: typical radial line load variation along
sealer rings El44 cylinder GI17
BS 5500 : 1994
Issue 2, January 1995
1 Page Page
G.2(15) Circumferential membrane force G.2(39) Shakedown values for thrust
due t o a radial line load variation and moment loadings (flush
along cylinder nozzle) GI46
G.2(16) Longitudinal membrane force Shakedown values for thrust
due t o a radial line load variation and moment loadings
along cylinder (protruding nozzle) GI46
G.2(17) M a x i m u m radial deflection of a Shakedown values for thrust
1 cylindrical shell subjected t o a and moment loadings (flush

radial load Wuniformly nozzle) GI47
distributed over a square Shakedown values for thrust and
G.2(18) 2 C x 2C moment loadings (protruding
G.2(19) Graphs for finding the square nozzle) GI47
2C, x 2C1 equivalent t o a Shakedown values for thrust and
rectangular loading area 2Cx x 2C$ moment loadings (flush nozzle) GI48
G.2(20) Circumferential moment Shakedown values for thrust
G.2(21) Longitudinal moment GI23 and moment loadings
(protruding nozzle)
G.2(21a) Sector stresses GI27
G.3(1) Typical brackets
G.2(21b) Maximum stresses at a nozzle or
attachment on a cylindrical shell GI27 G.3(2) Reinforcing plate on cylindrical
shell
G.2(22) Chart for finding s a n d u GI32
G.3(41 Typical ring support
G.2(23) Spherical shell subjected t o a
radial load GI33 G.3(5) Typical steelwork under ring
support
G.2(24) Deflections of a spherical shell
subjected t o a radial load W GI33 G.3(6) Leg supports for vertical vessels
G.2(25) Moments and membrane forces G.3(7) Typical ring girder
in a spherical shell subjected to G.3(8) Typical supports for horizontal
a radial load W GI34 vessels
Spherical shell subjected t o Cylindrical shell acting as beam
an external moment GI35 over supports
Deflections of a spherical shell Factor for bending moment at
subjected t o an external mid-span
moment M GI35 Factors for bending moment at
Moments and membrane forces supports
i n a spherical shell subjected t o Portion of shell ineffective
an external moment M GI36 against longitudinal bending
Maximum stress i n sphere Circumferential bending
for internal pressure (flush nozzles) GI40 moment diagrams
M a x i m u m stress in sphere for Saddle supports
internal pressure (protruding Typical ring stiffeners
nozzles) GI40
Nozzle geometry
Maximum stress i n sphere for
thrust loading (flush nozzles) GI41 Transient fluid and metal
temperatures
M a x i m u m stress in sphere for
thrust loading (protruding nozzles) GI41 Inner surface thermal stress
factors K, and k,
moment loading (flush nozzles) GI42 Outer surface thermal stress
factors K, and k,
moment loading (protruding Mean temperature factors K,
nozzles) GI42 and K, GPO
Maximum stress in sphere for Typical pressure term relationships J12
shear loading (flush nozzles) GI43 Tube t o tubeplate connections,
Maximum stress i n sphere for tube end fusion T I1
shear loading (protruding nozzles) GI43 Tube t o tubeplate connections,
Shakedown values for pressure castellated weld T I1
loading (flush nozzle) GI45 Tube t o tubeplate connections,
Shakedown values for pressure plain fillet weld TI2
loading (protruding nozzle) GI45
BS 5500 : 1994
Page
T.5(4) Tube to tubeplate connections,
front face bore fillet weld TI2
groove plus fillet weld TI2
groove weld TI3
back face insert bore weld TI3
back face stub bore weld TI4
Index
Publications referred to
BS 5500 : 1994
lssue 3,March 1995
Summary of pages
The following table identifies for each page of the standard the issue which forms the authorized
version of document when assembled to include the original pages and amendments identified on the
inside front page.
-
f-
Page no. lssue
3/67
3/68
3/69
3/70
3171
3/72
3/73
3/74
3/75 2
3/76 blank
3/77 1
3/78 blank
3/79 2
3/80 blank
3181 2
3/82 blank
3/83 2
3/84 blank
3/85 1
3/86 blank
3/87 2
3/88 blank
3/89 2
3/90 blank
3191 2
3192 blank
3/93 2
3/94 blank
3/95 1
3/96 blank
3/97 2
3/98 blank
3/99 2
311 00 blank
311 01 2
31102 blank
311 03 2
31104 blank
31105 2
311 06 blank
311 07 2
311 08 2
3/108a 1
311 08b blank
31109 2
311 10
BS 5500 :I994
Issue 3. March 1995
BS 5500 : 1994
Issue 2,January 1995
BS 5500 : 1994
l s s u e 2, J a n u a r y 1995
Foreword continued-sewice reviews' based o n inspection

and consideration of actual load-temperature
This British Standard has been prepared under the history. This approach recognizes the limitations
direction of the Pressure Vessel Standards Policy inherent in any simple design method for vessels
Committee. I t is a n e w edition of the 1991 version operating in the creep range and also provides a
and incorporates all technical changes u p t o and flexible basis that may be used in cases where the
including Amendment No. 4 (September 1993) design strength values which have been derived
associated with that version. from I S 0 data, are significantly different from
Despite the various amendments that have been those used with success in the past. Specific
made to this standard sinceit was first published requirements for these reviews are not given in
i n 1976, some of the requirements can still be this standard because they require development
traced back t o the proposals in lSO/DlS 2694 and will be covered by other standards
'Pressure vessels' drafted b v Technical publications for the periodic inspection o f
Committee 11 of the lnterndtional Oraanization pressure vessels.
for Standardization (ISO) which weretaken into Recommendations covering aspects requiring
account i n preparing the original edition. further consideration in particular cases are given
NOTE. S ~ m of
e the figures in this standard have been taken in the appendices. The British Standards
fr~mISOIDIS 2694 and employ the comma as the decimal Institution will be pleased t o receive constructive
marker; normal BSI practice is to use the full point. proposals based o n experience or research that
BS 5500, which covers pressure vessels may lead t o improvements in these appendices.
manufactured from carbon, ferritic alloy, austenitic A n index has been added for this issue for
steels, and aluminium, replaced the following information purposes t o assist users o f the
standards: standard. The list of publications referred t o has
BS 1500 Fusion welded pressure vessels for been corrected so that documents that are n o
general purposes longer referred t o in the text o f the standard have
Part 1 Carbon and l o w alloy steels been removed from the list, and referenced
Part 3 Aluminium documents previously missing from the list have
BS 1515 Fusion welded pressure vessels for use been added.
i n thechemical, petroleum and allied Reference is made in the text t o a number o f
industries standards which have been withdrawn. Such
Part 1 Carbon and ferritic alloy steels standards are identified in the 'Publications
Part 2 Austenitic stainless steel referred to' listing (see page IV). Consideration is
Previous editions have stated the intention of currently being given t o whether replacement
integrating into one British Standard the standards are available or are being developed,
requirements for design, manufacture, testing and for example, in the European programme and t o
inspection of fusion welded pressure vessels. It is the implications for BS 5500 of such replacement
intended t o keep under review the question o f standards. When a decision is made about any
publishing appropriate supplements covering replacement standards, these will be identified b y
other types of pressure vessels. the issue of an amendment.
I t is anticipated that in due course an annex As with the previous editions, it is intended t o
covering requirements specific t o copper will be keep this standard u p t o date by the issue from
added. In the meantime, b y agreement between time t o time of replacement pages, or additional
the parties concerned, the existing provisions of pages where necessary. Each replacement or
this standard may be used as applicable. If there is added page will carry an issue number (with date)
sufficient demand f r o m industry, the standard will indicating its relationship t o the original standard.
be extended to cover other non-ferrous materials the pages of which are marked 'Issue 1'.
like nickel and titanium. For example:
The requirements of this standard vary Issue 1 will indicate an original page or one that
considerably depending upon the thickness and has been added t o the original standard and
type of material t o be used. When this has not been amended since insertion;
combination is such as will permit satisfactory Issue 2 will indicate a first amendment of either
fabrication b y relatively straightforward processes, an original page or an added page;
spot non-destructive testing is permitted without
lssue 3 will indicate a second amendment of
any penalty in design thickness; in certain cases
either an original page or an added page.
visual inspection only is permitted with an
appropriate penalty o n design thickness. Side-lining o n replacement pages will indicate that
changes of technical or reference significance
The strengths that may be assumed for design
have been made at that point.
purposes of materials covered by current British
Standards are individually specified in table 2.3. It be that the effective date
amendment to this edition is later than the
Design strengths i n the creep range are given for a
publication date to allow users time to amend
range of design lifetimes that m a y be extended,
their own working procedures and
o n expiry, o n the basis of periodic 'fitness-for-
BS 5500 : 1994
) The following figures are reproduced by courtesy Figure G.2(35) was originally published as
of the American Welding Research Council. figure 11 on page 26 of WRC Bulletin 90
Figure G.2(29) was originally published as September 1963
figure 2 on page 21 of WRC Bulletin 90 Figure G.2(36) was originally published as
September 1963 figure 12 o n page 26 of WRC Bulletin 90
Figure G.2(30) was originally published as September 1963
figure 3 o n page 21 of WRC Bulletin 90 Figures G.2(37), G.2(38), G.2(39), G.2(40),
September 1963 G.2(41), G.2(42), G.2(43) and G.2(44) are
Figure G.2(31) was originally published as reproduced by courtesy of the International
figure 7 on page 24 of WRC Bulletin 90 Journal o f Solids and Structures, 1967.
September 1'963 This standard is included in the list of 'Standards
Figure G.2(32) was originally published as Significant to Health and Safety at Work'
figure 8 on page 24 of WRC Bulletin 90 published b y the UK Health and Safety Executive
September 1963 and is also referred to in HSE guidance
publications.
Figure G.2(33) was originally published as
figure 9 o n page 25 of WRC Bulletin 90 Compliance with a British Standard does not of
September 1963 itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
Figure G.2(34) was originally published as
figure 10 o n page 25 of WRC Bulletin 90
September 1963
BS 5500 : 1994
)
British Standard Specification for
Unfired fusion welded pressure vessels
Section one. General additional to that due to the hydrostatic head does not
1.1 S c o p e exceed 140 mbart above or 6 mbar below atmospheric
pressure in accordance with such standards as BS 799,
1.1.1 This British Standard specifies requirements for the
design, construction, inspection, testing and verification of
BS 2594, BS 2654, BS 7777. I
compliance of unfired fusion welded pressure vessels. The (b) Low pressure, above ground storage tanks which
materials of construction are specified in section two. The have a single vertical axis of revolution designed for the
term 'pressure vessel' as used in this standard includes storage of liquids at a pressure not exceeding 1 bart.
branches up to the point of connection to the connecting (c) Vessels in which the stresses calculated in
piping by bolting, screwing or welding, and supports, accordance with the equations given in section three
brackets or other attachments directly welded to the are less than 10 %of the design stress permitted by
) pressure containing shell. The term 'unfired' excludes section three.
vessels that are subject t o direct generated heat or flame (d) Strip wound compound or other special designs of
impingement from a fired process. It does not exclude vessels which may be appropriate for very high
vessels subject to electrical heating or heated process pressures.
streams. (e) Transport vessels, i.e. vessels used for transport of
1.1.2 In addition to the definitive requirements, this contents under pressure.
standard also requires the items detailed in 1.5 to be (f) Vessels for specific applications which are covered
documented. For compliance with this standard, both the by standards listed in the BSiCatalogue.
definitive requirements and the documented items have
NOTE. The titles of the publications referred to in this standarc
to besatisfied. are listed on the last page.
1.1.3 This standard applies only t o pressure vessels
manufactured under the survey of a competent 1.2 I n t e r p r e t a t i o n
engineering lnspecting Authority or Organization. The If any ambiguity be found or doubt arise as to the meaning
intent of this requirement is regarded as satisfied where or effect of any part of this standard or as to whether
inspection is carried out by competent personnel of a anything ought to be done or omitted to be done in order
separate engineering inspection department maintained that this standard should be complied with in full, the
by the purchaser of thevessel. An inspection department question shall be referred to the Pressure Vessels
maintained by the manufacturer does not satisfy this Technical Committee(PVE/l) of the British Standards
requirement except: Institution, whose interpretation of the requirements of
1 (a) that specific responsibilities may be delegated at
the discretion of the lnspecting Authority or
this standard upon the matterat issue shall be given free
of charge and shall be final and conclusive. Parties
Organization; or adopting this standard for the purposes of any contract
shall be deemed to adopt this provision unless they
(b) in the case of vesselsfor the manufacturer's own
expressly exclude it or else import an arbitration provision
use and not for resale.
in terms extending to interpretation of this standard.
This standard applies only to vessels made by However, this provision is limited to questions of
manufacturers who can satisfy the lnspecting Authority interpretation and does not confer upon the committee
or Organization that they are competent and suitably any power, duty or authority to adjudicate upon the
equipped to fulfil the appropriate requirements of this contractual rights or duties of any person under a contract
standard. except in so far as they may necessarily be affected by the
The requirements for testing and inspecting serially interpretation arrived at by the committee.
manufactured pressure vessels are given in appendixv. In
Findings or rulings of the committee upon all enquiries,
all other respects the appropriate requirements in the
including matters of interpretation, which are of sufficient
specification apply.
importance that both enquiries and replies be made public
Glass lined steel vessels require special design as soon as possible will be published in an enquiry-reply
considerations subject to the limits imposed by the form for inclusion in the BS 5500 ring binder as Enquiry
methodof construction whichshould have the agreement Cases.Their availability will be notified in BSlNews.
of the lnspecting Authority.
1.1.4 This standard does not cover the following.
I (a) Storage tanks designed for the storage of liquids at
near atmospheric pressures, i.e. where the pressure
t 1 mbar=l~~~/rn~=lOOPa.
1 bar = 1 0 5 ~ / m 2 = 0 . N/mrn2=
1 100 kPa.
BS 5500 : 1994
After taking into account any public comment thereon. ensuring that the lnspecting Authority is provided with
Enquiry Cases may be incorporated, as appropriate, into any information the manufacturer is required to supply,
the standard as amendments which will form part of the as specified in this standard.
next convenient annual updating. The organization which discharges the manufacturer's
responsibilities for construction and testing shall assume
1.3 Definitions overall responsibility for compliance with this standard
Forthe purposesof this British Standard the following during all related activities including part manufacture
definitions apply. and subsequent fabrication to completion at works
1.3.1 purchaser. The organization or individual who buys and/orsite. It shall satisfy the lnspecting Authority, as
the finished pressure vessel for its own use or as an agent necessary, under the general provisions of 1.1 that it is
for the owner. competent to ensure by appropriate control or
1.3.2 manufacturer. The okganization that designs, surveillance of such activities, whether carried out by itself
constructs and tests the pressure vessel in accordance or by subcontractors, that all the relevant requirements of
with the purchaser's order.The design function may be this standard are met.
carried out by the purchaser or his agent, independently Examinations carried out by the lnspecting Authority do
from the organization that constructs and tests the vessel not absoive the manufacturer from his responsibility for
(see 1.4.2). compliance with the applicable requirements of this
1.3.3 lnspecting Authority. The body or organization that standard.
verifies that the vessel has been designed, constructed Where the purchaser elects to perform the design
and tested in accordance with this standard. function for the vessel, the manufacturer shall be
responsible for ensuring that all the design information he
1.3.4 RegulatingAuthority.The authority in the country
requires to construct and test the vessel is provided by the
of installation that is legally charged with the enforcement
purchaser and for ensuring that all construction and
of the requirements of the law and regulations of that
testing is carried out in compliance with this standard. The
country relating to pressure vessels.
manufacturer shall also be responsible for the accuracy of
any information he provides toenable the purchaser to
1.4 Responsibilities
fulfil the design function.
1.4.1 Responsibilitiesof the purchaser. The purchaser
shall be responsible for furnishing the manufacturer and 1.4.3 Responsibilities of t h e lnspecting Authority. The
the lnspecting Authority with the information required by lnspecting Authority shall be responsible for verifying:
1.5.1. (a) that all parts of the vessel have been designed in
Where the lnspecting Authority is nominated by the accordance with the requirements of this standard as
purchaser, the purchaser shall be responsible for ensuring are applicable for the conditions specified by the
that any information which the manufacturer is required purchaser according to 1.5.1;
t o supply, as specified in this standard, is made available (b) that the vessel has been constructed and tested in
t o the lnspecting Authority. accordance with this standard and any additional
Where necessary, it shall be the responsibility of the requirements in respect of purchaser options covered
purchaserto ensure thatthe lnspecting Authority is by this standard (see table 1.5).
acceptable to the Regulating Authority. 1.4.4 Certificate of Compliance. On completion of the
Where the purchaser elects toperform the design vessel the manufacturer shall issue Form X to certify that
function for the vessel, the purchaser shall be responsible the vessel has been designed, constructed and tested in
for maintaining a complete design dossier for the vessel every respect in accordance with this standard and with
(see 1.5.1) and for ensuring that all the information any additional requirements in respect of purchaser's
contained in it, or agreed modifications to it, comply with options covered by this standard. Form X shall be
this standard; the purchaser shall also be responsible for countersigned by the lnspecting Authority as required.
the accuracy of all design calculations for the vessel. Where some of the activities covered by this standard are
1.4.2 Responsibilities of the manufacturer. The performed under the surveillance of a second lnspecting
manufacturer shall be responsible for the completeness Authority, each lnspecting Authority shall attach a
and accuracy of all design calculations and for compiiance statement to Form X, countersigned as required thereon,
with all applicable requirements of this standard for the confirming which part of the total works has been carried
whole vessel. During fabrication, unexpected factors may out under its surveillance.
arise which justify deviationsfrom the specified The countersigned Certificate and its attachments (if any)
requirements but which do not affect the safety as shail be furnished to the purchaser with a copy to the
intended by this standard. Such deviations shall be Regulating Authority if required.
submitted t o the purchaser for approval and shall be
Where the purchaserelects to perform the design
recorded in accordance with 1.5.2.2 (e).
function for the vessel, the purchaser shall complete the
Where the lnspecting Authority is not nominated by the section of Form X which certifies that the design of the
purchaser the manufacturer shall be responsible for vessel complies with this standard.
BS 5500 : 1994
Form X Certificate of Compliance

)
Vessel description Type . . . . . . . .
Approx. overall dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Approved drawing number(s1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Year of manufacture . . . . . . . Relevant BS 5500 issue. . . . . . . . . . .

Purchaser. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Purchaser's serial no . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manufacture Name of manufacturer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Manufacturer's serial number . . . . . . . . . . . . (see note 1)
Name of Design Organization (if not above manufacturer) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
....................
Name of Inspecting Authority .................................
j Design Design conditions of Design Design Construction Corrosion
principal components pressure temp. category allowance
(seenotes 2 and 31
bar "C mm
............................................
Other factors affecting design 1e.g. weight, nature of contents, environment)
(see notes 3 and 4)
j Post-weldheat treatment Component Temperature Holdingtime

"C h
Pressure test Location Test pressure Test medium Date

(see note 5) and temperature
bar
BS 5500 : 1994
F o r m X lconcludedl
Certificate of Compliance (design)
W e hereby certify t h a t t h e design o f this vessel complies w i t h B S 5500
For manufacturer (see n o t e 6): Date:

Position: N a m e o f company:
W e hereby confirm that w e have checked t h e design o f t h e above vessel and t h a t this complies w i t h B S 5500.
For Inspecting Authority: Date:

Position: N a m e of company:
Certificate of Compliance [construction and testing)
W e hereby certify t h a t this vessel has been constructed and tested i n compliance w i t h B S 5500.
For Manufacturer: Date:

W e hereby confirm t h a t the construction and testing o f t h e above vessel has been c a n i e d o u t under our surveillance
and t h a t t o t h e best of our knowledge and belief all aspects o f this w o r k c o m p l y w i t h B S 5500.
For Inspecting Authority: Date:

W e hereby confirm t h a t t h e construction a n d testing o f t h e above vessel has been carried o u t under our surveillance
a n d that t o the best of o u r knowledge and belief all aspects o f this w o r k c o m p l y w i t h B S 5500.
NOTE 1. The suffix'XX' is to be added to the serialnumber of eachvesselforwhich any deviationsorconcessions have been
authorized (see 1.5.2.2 (e 11.
NOTE 2. The design conditions associated with the operational duties specified by the purchaser should be given.
If a purchaser wishes to change the operational duly of a vessel, revised design conditions, consistent with the vessel scantlings, will
be established separately, as appropriate.
NOTE 3. Where the design covers operation below O'C the various combinations of temperature, pressure and calculated membrane
stresses considered in determining the design minimum temperature (see appendix D) should be stated.
NOTE 4.Where appropriate, cross reference to drawings or specifications will suffice.
NOTE 5. Where a vessel is tested in a different orientation to that in which it will normally operate, this should be stated.
NOTE 6. This part of the Certificate to be signed by the purchaser in cases where the purchaser elects to perform the design function
(see 1.4.4).
BS 5500 : 1994
) 1.5 l n f o r m a t i o n a n d r e q u i r e m e n t s to b e a g r e e d 1.5.2.1 Before commencementof manufacture. The

a n d to b e documented manufacturer shall submit the information specified
in 4.1.1 for approval before commencement of
1.5.1 lnformation t o b e supplied by the purchaser. The manufacture. In submitting this information, the
following information shall be supplied by the purchaser
manufacturer shall identify, in an appropriate manner,
and shall be fully documented. any features of the proposed design andlor i n the
Both the definitive requirements specified throughout the proposed manufacturing, inspection or test procedures
standard and the documented items shall be satisfied which by the terms of this standard require to be
before a claim of compliance with the standard can be approved by the purchaser.
made and verified.
NOTE. Table 1.5 lists and classifies such features and indicates
(a) The normal working conditions of the required In wh~chof the doc~mentsreqd red by th~sstandard they sno,ld.
vessel, together with details of any transient cyclic ~frelevant, be dent fled
and/or adverse conditions in which the vessel is 1.5.2.2 On completionof construction. The manufacturer
required tooperate and any special requirements for shall supply to the purchaser for record purposes a copy of
in-service inspection. the following documentation, as finally approved, for each
(b) Any requirements relating to the various options vessel or batch of vessels.
covered by this standard (see table 1.5). (a) A fully dimensioned drawing of the vessel, as built,
(c) Any special statutoq or other regulations with together with any relevant supporting information as
which the finished vessel is required to comply. specified in 4.1.1 and which is not covered by items (b)
(d) The name of the Inspecting Authority to be to (9).
) commissioned by the purchaser. (b) A list of materials (including welding consumables)
(e) The name of the Regulating Authority (if any). used in the construction of the vessel with details of any
special heat treatments carried out by the material
(f) The requirement to obtain copies for record supplier.
purposes of any documents other than those listed
in 1.5.2.2 (a) to (g) (see table 1.5). (To facilitate the NOTE.Formaterialsspecifiedtoa BritishStandard the dateof
thestandard is to be given. Where other materials are used
identification of such documents, a check list of optional (see 2.1.2.1 lb))the full specification is to be supplied.
documents is given in appendix S.)
(c) The welding procedures used during vessel
Where the purchaser elects to perform the design manufacture (see 5.2.2).
function for thevessel, the purchaser shall supply any
additional design information required by the (dl The procedures used for radiography, ultrasonic
manufacturer in accordance with 1.4.2. The design inspection and /or crack detection of welds (see 5.6.6.1
dossier maintained by the purchaser in accordance to 5.6.6.4).
with 1.4.1 shall cover all the information (whether le) Records of any specific deviations from the
supplied by the purchaser or by the manufacturer) which requirements of this standard (see table 1.5). The
the manufacturer would otherwise be required by 4.1.1 manufacturer shall add the suffix 'XX' to the serial
t o submit before commencing manufacture. number of any vessel for which a specific deviation has
1.5.2 lnformation t o b e supplied by the manufacturer been approved.
The information in 1.5.2.1 and 1.522 shall be supplied by (f) A Certificate of Compliance (Form X) for each vessel
the manufacturer and shall be fully documented. (see 1.4.4).
Both the definitive requirements specified throughout the (g) A facsimile of the vessel nameplate (see 5.8.9).
) standard and the documented items shall be satisfied NOTE. The d ~ r aont for wh.ch a man~facturerwnll reta n a I
before a claim of compliance with the standard can be records he is reqd red togeneratedurongthe manufactvre of a
made and verified. vessel is influenced by a number offactors which are outside
the scope of this standard
BS 5500 : 1994
Table 1.5 Purchaser options and features requiring approval b y the purchaser (see 1.5.1.1.5.21 lcontinuedl
(X denotes applicability)
Purchaseroption orfeaturerequiring Clsssilicatian Document in whichoptionlfestureshould

approval by purchaser (see 1.5.2.2(e)) beidentified
Purchase Approved Appmvedworking

order drawing (see procedure
4.1.11
Requirementsfor additional records; Purchaser option

documentation additional tothatspecified
i n 1.5.2(1.5.1)
Any special requirements governing the Purchaser option

selection, heattreatment or testing of
materials~2.1.1.3.4.2.5.6.2)
Useofcastingsand appropriate inspection Variation

procedure (2.1.2)
Use of materials other than those covered by Variation

listed British Standards (2.1.2.3)
Design strengthvaluesfor materialsqualified Basic requirement

by notes (b), 1 (dl, (f),8,17 totable 2.3
Use of increased design stresses for certain Purchaseroptionl

alloy steels as per note 6 to table 2.3 variation
Use of steels with carbon contentgreatel Variation

than 0.25 % (2.3.2)
Use of design methodsotherthan detailed in Variation

section three (3.2.2, 3.5.4, 3.8.1, 3.91
Any relaxation ofthe design pressure for Purchaser option1

protectedvacuum vessels (3.2.31 variation
Thedesign lifetime for high temperature Basic requirement

applications (3.2.41
Theservice lifetime for applications where Basic requirement

fatigue strength isa potential life-limiting
factor (3.2.4)
The provisionsfor corrosion (3.3) Basic requirement
The construction category for vessel or Basic requirement

component parts (3.4.1)
Properties ofalloy steels used for design Basic requirement

purposes when post-weld heattreatment
exceedstimeand temperature limitsgiven in
table4.4.3.1 (3.4.2)
Use of threadsof pitch coarserthan 3 m m or Variation

bolt stressesin excessof valuesgiven
i n table3.8.1.4(3.8.1)
Use of platematerial forflanged hubs (3.8.1) Variation

BS 5500 : 1994
Table 1.5 Purchaser options and features requiring approval by the purchaser (see 1.5.1.1.5.2) (continued)
IX denotes applicability1
Purchaser optionor feature requiring Classification Oocumentinwhichoption/festureshould
approvalby purchaser lsee1.5.2.2 f e l l beidentified
drawing (see procedure
Useoffilletwelds with throatthickness less Variation

than thicknessofthinner adjacentsection
(3.10.3)
Commencementof manufacture before Variation

approval of all information specified in 4.1.1
Any modificationstoinformation supplied in Formal revision

accordancewith 4.1.1 of original
documentation
Relaxationof amount of dressing on Variation Weld preparation

thermally cut edges of ferritic alloy steel and procedure
1 aluminium (4.2.1)
Supplementary non-destructive testing of cut Purchaser option1 Weld preparation

edges and rectification of defects (4.2.1) variation procedure
Proceduresforforming and inspection ofshell Basic requirement Heattreatment

sections and plates (4.2.2) procedure
Assembly tolerancesforthicknesses Basic requirement

>ZOO mm (4.2.3)
Departuresfrom specified toleranceson Variation

circumferenceof ends,circumference,
straightness and circularityofshells (4.2.4)
Commencement of production welding prior 1 Variation Not applicable

to approval ofwelding procedures, welders,
welding operators(4.3.1); or assembly
ofcategory3 components (4.3.1)
) Useofwelding consumables otherthan those Variation X Welding procedure

used in thewelding procedure test (4.3.2)
Consumables used in thewelding of9 % Ni Basic requirement X Welding procedure

steel (4.3.2)
Useofattachments ofdifferent nominal Variation X Welding procedure

composition toshell (4.3.5)
Use of backing stripsforwelds (4.3.6)
Thinning ofwelds by dressing or grinding to

I Variation
Specificdeviation
X Welding procedure
lessthan thickness shown on drawings

(4.3.7)
Use ofsingle layerweldsfor attachmentof Variation

branch pipes in aluminium vessels
(see4.3.7ofannexAA)
BS 5500 : 1994
Table 1.5 Purchaser options and features re1quiring approval by the purchaser (see 1.5.1.1.5.2) (continued)
Purchassroptionorfeaturerequiring Classification Document in which optionlfeatureshould

approval by purchaser lsee1.5.2.2 (ell beidentified
1 Purchase
order
Approvad
drawing (see
4.1.11 1 Approved working
procedure
Approval ofwelding procedure (preheat

requirements) (4.4.1)
Variation
I I X l Welding procedure
Modified post-weld heat treatment

procedures (4.4.3.4.4.4.4.4.51
Welding carried outafter final post-weld heat

treatment (4.4.3)
Variation
Specific deviation
I I
Not applicable
Heat treatment
procedure
Requirementsforspecial finish (4.5) Purchaseroption X
Criteria for welding procedure tests (all weld Basic requirement X

tensile) 15.2.5)
Welderto retake whole or partof approval

test 15.3.3)
Production test plate requirements (5.4)

Purchaseroption
Purchaseroption
I X
X I
Reductionin width ofstandard production Variation X
test platesfor aluminium (5.4.2)
Necessity of micro-examination of welds in Purchaser option X

aluminium (5.5.5)
Comprehensiveschedule covering
non-destructivetesting requirements (5.6.1)
Acceptance standards for defects revealed by

Purchaser option
Basic requirement
l X l X
I Non-destructive
testing procedure
non-destructive testing in parent material
(5.6.2)
Non-destructive testing techniquesfor

examination of authorized repairsto parent
materials (5.6.2)
Basic requirement
I Specific repail
procedure
Any relaxation i n requirementsfor I Non-destructive

ultrasoniclradiographic non-destructive esting procedure
testing ofwelds,otherthanfull penetration
b u n welds, i n category 1 components
(5.6.4)
Use of magnetic particle or penetrant Purchaseroption1 X or X Non-destructive

methodsfor examination ofType Awelds in variation testing procedure
category1 componentsand
categories 1 and 2 i n caseofaluminium
vessels 15.6.4)
Grouping of nozzles and branchesfor Basic requirement X Non-destructive

examination of internal flaws (5.6.4) testing procedure
BS 5500 : 1994
) Table 1.5 Purchaser options and features requiring approval by the purchaser (see 1.5.1.1.5.2) (continued)
Purchaser option orfeaturerequiring Classification Document in which optionlfeaturs should

approval by purchaser (see 1.5.2.2 re)] beidentified
Purchase
I
Use of magnetic particleor penetrant Purchaser option1 X or X Non-destructive
I
methodsforexamination of category 3 variation testing procedure
components (5.6.a)
Choice of non-destructive testing technique Basic requirement X Non-destructive

(5.6.5.5.6.61
Method used to provide reference pointsfor Basic requirement

9'
Not a~ulicable
..
testing procedure
I
accurate location of non-destructive testing
reports (5.6.6)
Weld defect acceptance criteria differentto Purchaser X or X Non-destructive

those intable5.7 (1) optionlconcession
I testing procedure
Acceptance of specificweldswith defects i n Specificdeviation r o t applicable

excess of levels specifiedin table 5.7 (1)
I
I
Repair of welds 15.7.31 Basic requirement Not applicableI Weld repair
I I procedure
Options permitted in pressure tests specified
in5.8
Agreementto waive repeattest on vessel

repaired after pressure test (5.8.2)
Basic requirement
l x l
Notapplicable
Pressure test
procedure
BS 5500 : 1994
Section two. Materials 2.1.3 Materialsfor non-pressure parts

Materials for supporling lugs, skirts, baffles and similar
2.1 S e l e c t i o n of m a t e r i a l s non-pressure parts welded to vessels shall be of
2.1.1 General established identity and shall be compatible with the
2.1.1.1 The selection of the materials of construction for material to which they are attached.
pressure containing parts and their integral attachments
shall take into account the suitability of the material with 2.2 M a t e r i a l s for low t e m p e r a t u r e a p p l i c a t i o n s
regard to fabrication' and to the conditions under which 2.2.1 Special consideration shall begiven totheselection
they will eventually operate. of materialsforvessels designed tooperate below0 "Cor,
Annex AA gives requirements specific to aluminium and where it is considered by the purchaser or manufacturer
aluminiumalloys.Thissectionshall be modifiedasgiven thattherewouldotherwise be undue riskof brittle fracture
in annex AA for unfired fusion welded pressure vessels in pressure testing a vessel at the temperature of the
constructed of aluminium and aluminium alloys. available test fluid.
2.1.1.2 Any special limits,for example with respect to 2.2.2 Table 2.2.2 specifies bolting material suitable for
composition. heat treatment, or non-destructive testing, use at low temperature and the minimum design
which the manufacturer or the purchaser is permitted to temperature for each material.
specify in relation to the particular end use of material,
shall be the subject of agreement between the purchaser Tab'e 2.2.2 materialsfor
low-temperature
~~ ~ ~~
. .
and the manufacturer at the time of enauirv and order (see
~
table 1.5).
Material. Application Impact Min, design
2.1.2 Materialsfor pressure parts requirements requirements temperature
2.1.2.1 All the materials used i n the manufactureof o
.
r
pressure pans shall either:
BS 1506-162 Nuts Not specified -50
(a) comply with the appropriate British Standard BS 1506-240 Nuts Not specified -50
referred to i n the designstrength tablesofthis standard,
BS 506-240
except as otherwise permitted by this section; or LT 100 Nuts 20Jar-100'C -100
(b) be agreed between the purchaser and the BS 1 5 0 6 - 6 2 1 ~ Bolts 1 Nor specified -50
manufacturer (see table 1.51 provided that: BS 1506-621A
2O~ar-l00'C -100
(1) theycomply withtheappropriate requirementsof
this section for that material type, and arecovered by
a written specification:
(i) at least as comprehensive as the British
Standards listed in the design strength tables of -
thisstanaard forthe nearestequ'valent matera : ana 'Tn.5 1ab.L w,, ne upnnren ny 8 f u t u r e amennment r0 cover tne
iiil as a m n i m ~ mspecifying the manufact~ring rtrr. a?r gnations inc .ded in tne current entt on of BS 1506
process, compositional limits for all constituents, Also see the foreword.
deoxidation practice, heat treatment and
appropriate mechanical properties for acceptance 2.2.3 The impact requirements for ferritic steels in band
and other purposes; MO to M 4 inclusive used for vessels designed to operate
(2) the nominal design strength of materials below 0 "C shall be in accordance with appendix D.
1 specified are derived i n a manner consistent with

appendix K and details of the procedure used are
Appendix D ~ ~also ~ beI used
I asspecified in5 . 8 . 2 . 4 ~ h ~ ~
it is agreed by the purchaser and manufacturer to carry
agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer out the final pressure test of a vessel at a temperature
and recorded (see table 1.5): higher than that of the available test fluid.
2.1.2.2 welding material shall comply with sections four 2.2.4 Requirements for the use of ferritic steels in bands M5
and five. (3%% Nil and M7 to M10 inclusive, used for such vessels.
shall be agreed between the purchaser and manufacturer.
2.1 2.3 The use of castings for pressure parts shall be
subject to agreement between the purchaser and the 2.2.5 The impact requirements for ferritic steels in band
manufacturer (see table 1.5). An appropriate 'quality M6 (9 % Ni) used for vessels designed to operate below
specification' for such castings shall be agreed between 0 "C shall be in accordance with the British Standards
the manufacturer and the material supplier at the time of listed i n table 2.3 for M 6 steels.
enquiry, specifying the standards of inspection to be 2.2.6 Austenitic stainless steels (including the high
applied and of acceptance for defects. As a minimum, all nitrogen and warm worked varieties) are not
accessible fillets and changes of section, etc., shall be susceptible to low stress brittle fracture and no special
subject to magnetic particle or penetrant inspection. requirements are necessary for their use at
2.1 2.4 Bolts and nuts shall comply with the material temperatures down to -196%.
specifications listed in tables 3 and 4 of BS 4 8 8 2 : 1973 2.2.7 ~ l ~ ~
and aluminium i alloys
~ arei not ~ ~
or table 3 of BS 1 4 7 3 : 1972. susceptible to low stress brittle fracture and no special
requirements are necessary for their use at
temperatures down to -196 'C.
See appendix G of BS 5135 : 1984far general guidance on thesusceptibilityof materials to lamellar tearing duringfabrication.
BS 5500 : 1994
2.3 Carbon, carbon manganese and alloy steels for plates. 15 %for castings and 1 4 %for tubes and
forgings. unless the use of the steel is subject to special
2.3.1 Materials covered by British Standards.
agreement (see 2.1.1.2).
2.3.1.1 Permissible materials complying with
The rate of testing and methods of acceptance testing
appropriate British Standards shall be as given i n
shall generally be consistent with appropriate British
table 2.3.t
Standards for similar product forms.
Hot testing to confirm the properties of material supplied
shall not be required for materials listed i n table 2.3. 2.3.2.5 For materials that will be used above 5 0 "C. a yield
point or proof stress propenies shall be specified by the
Additionally, i t is permissible to use materialscomplying
with British Standards listed i n table 2.3Afor the manufacturer for acceptance tests in accordance wilh
- .
construction of onlv cateaorv 3 vessels ~ r o v i d e d
the BS EN 10002-5. I
qualifying requirements indicated i n table 2.3A are 2.3.2.6Stress rupture properties shall be specified for
satisfied. materials which will be used in the creep range. These
shall be determined in accordance with the procedure laid
Non-destructive testing requirements shall be as specified
in 5.6.2.
down in IS0 6303. The manufacturer of the vessel shall be I
assured that the product supplied is capable of complying
Where relevant, the restrictions in 2.3.2.2
shall apply. with the specified properties by a statement that the
2.3.1.2 Nominal design strength values for materials manufacturing processes have remained equivalent to
complying with appropriate British Standards shall be as those for the steel for which the test results were obtained.
given i n tables 2.3 and 2.3.A. 2.3.2.7 Charpy V-notch impact test properties at
These values are for design purposes as specified i n the appropriate temperatures shall, where necessary.
relevant sections of this standard only and shall not be comply with 2.2.3t o 2.2.5.
used as a basis for acceptance or rejection of material.
2.3.2.8Materials shall be supplied in a heat treated
NOTE 1. Their derivation is described in appendix K.
condition appropriate to the nearest equivalent British
NOTE 2. Values between those given in the various columns of
the table may be linearly interpolated. Standard unless otherwise agreed between the
purchaser, the manufacturer and the material supplier
2.3.2 Materials not covered by British Standards (see table 1.5).
2.3.2.1Other materials as specified in 2.1.2.l(blshall NOTE. Plates for hot forming may be supplied in any suitable
comply with the general requirements of 2.3.2.2to condition as agreed between the manufacturerand the material
supplier.
2.3.2.11.
2.3.2.9Carbon and carbon manganese steel plates for
2.3.2.2The maximum allowable phosphorus and sulphur cold forming shall be supplied in the normalized condition
content shall not exceed 0.05 %each in the ladle analysis. except when their thickness is less than 25 mm, when it is
For ferritic steels intended for welding, the upper limit of permissible to supply plates as-rolled if guaranteed
the carbon range (in the ladle analysis) should not elevated temperature properties are not required.
normally exceed 0.25 %. but in the cases of such steels Low alloy steel plates for cold forming shall be supplied in
with a carbon content higher than 0.25 % intended for the normalized and tempered condition except that, where
welding, they shall only be used subject to special metallurgically suitable and where post-weld heat
agreement on welding procedures between the treatment will suffice as the tempering treatment, plates
purchaser. the manufacturer and the Inspecting Authority suoolied in the normalized condition shall be oermitted.
, ,
(see table 1.5).
2.3.2.10 It is permissible to use electric resistance welded
2.3.2.3The deoxidation practice shall be appropriate to induction welded tubes in the as.welded condition
the type of steel ordered particularly where it influences provided the specified upper limitof tensilestrength does
the level of elevated or low temperature propenies. It is not exceed 540 N / m m ~and they are not intended for
permissible to use semi-killed steel in accordance with below a temperature of oC,
this standard for plates, seamless and welded tubes in
carbon andcarbon manganese steels with an upper limit 2 .3 .2.11 The heat treatment condition to which the
of the specified tensile strength range of 640 ~ / and ~ specified
~ propenies
2 relate shall be clearly stated in the
with a thickness not exceeding 100 mm, ~ steel
i ~ material ~specifications.
i These
~ propenies~ can be affected
shall only be used for welded tubes in carbon and carbon by reheating during fabrication and, where necessary
steeltypes an upper limitof the specified (see 3.4.2or 4.41,the manufacturer shall discuss the
tensile strength range of 490 ~ / m m under
~ service application and proposed heating or reheating of the steel
temperature conditions between 0 'C and 380 "C. with the material supplier. However, the test plates shall
be supplied and tested in a condition corresponding to the
2.32.4Mechanical propenies at room temperature shall material specification specifically requested by the
be specified for acceptance tests in accordance with manufacturer. The heat treatment to be given to the test
I BS EN 10002-1 covering R,. Re (see appendix K) and pieces and the acceptance propenies shall be agreed
minimum elongation at fracture. between the manufacturer and the material s u ~ ~ l iat e rthe
The specified minimum percentage elongation at fracture time of order.
referred to a gauge length of 5.656,' shall be
appropriate to the type of steel with a lower iimit of 16 %
t In certain applications higher design strengths than those specified in table 2.3 forcommon gradesof stainless steel are permitted
(see appendix P).
'So is the original cross-sectionalarea of the gauge length of the tensile test specimen.
mm m m m mmm
TV)V) V) V) V) V)V)V)
m W W2 --. 2 - 2
a m 0 m m m mmm
'3o m 0 0 0 000
--a P W N -.--
Table 2.3(a) Design strength values (Nlmmz)
EE
Plates c
Grade.tvpe BS Thickness Values o f f for design temperatures I'CI not exceeding Design Notes
::
0
R, Re
and method ol 5500 lifetime h 0
manufacture N/mmZ N/mmZ band mm 50 1 W 150 2 W 250 3 W 350 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h 2 A
Eg
Carbon steel ( r i m m e d ] t o BS 1 5 0 1 : P a r t 1 2 P
A
137 126 115 112 100 86 79 9. 16. W
130 122 113 108
I 18 W
- - P
Carbon R e e l ( s e m i - k i l l e d with a l u m i n i u m ) to BS 1501 : P a r t 1
154.360A 360 205 M1 3 t o 9.5 137 126 115 112 100 86 79 9
154.400A 400 235 M I 3to9.5 156 144 133 130 116 97 91
154.430A 430 250 M1 3 to 9.5 167 157 148 143 128 107 102 I
Carbon R e e l (semi-killed o r f u l l y - k i l l e d ) to BS 1501 : P a r t 1

151,161.360 360 205 M I 31016' 137 126
(A and 81 195 40' 130 119
185 63' 123 114
175 1W' 117 108
170 150'
151,161,400 4W 225 150 141

(A and 81 215 143 135
205 63' 137 129
200 133 123
195 130 119
151,161,430 430 250 M1 3to16' 167 157 100 000

(A and 81 240 40' 160 150 1500W
230 63' 153 143 2000M)
220 100' 147 135 250 OM)
210 150' 140 129
Table 2.3(a) Design strength values (N/mm2) (continued)
Plates
--
Grade,type R, Re BS Thickness Values off for design temperatures I'C) not exceeding Design Notes
and method of 5500 lifetime
manufacture N/mm2 N/mm2 band mm 50 1 W 150 200 250 300 350 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h
-
Carbon steel (fully-killed aluminium treated) to BS 1501 :Part 1
164.360A 360 255 M1 31016. 153 138 124 110 97 86 79 73 73 72 71 69 60 52 44 36
235 40- 153 137 122 109 71 65 56 48 40 32
220 63' 147 130 115 106 71 62 53 45 37 28
202 100' 135 122 110 104 68 59 51 42 35 26
180 150' 120 112 105 102
1
Carbon manganese steel [fully-killed niobium treated) to BS 1 5 0 1 :Part 1

223,460A 460 4 I M l 30:: 195 182 169 155 143 130 124 117 115 114 105 90 77 65 56 48 42
195 182 1 115 1 1 1 95 81 68 58 50 43 38
Table 2.3(a) Design strength values ( N I m m 2 ) (continued)
Plates
EE
5 cn
Grade.fype R, Re BS Thickness Values o f f for design temperatures lDClnot exceeding Design Notes .- "o
manufacture ~ l m m ' ~ l m m ' band mm 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h 2 a
- k g
Carbon manganese R e e l (fully-killed niobium treated1 t o BS 1 5 0 1 : P a n 1 Z e
223.4608 460 340 M1 31016' 195 187 179 173 158 139 131 125 124 121 105 90 77 65 56 48 42
330 40' 195 187 179 124 111 95 81 68 58 50 43 38
32 0 63' 195 187 179 121 104 88 75 63 54 46 40 34
294 100' 195 187 179 115 98 83 70 59 51 43 37 32
262 150' 175 175 175I inn nnn
223.4908 490 355 M1 3ta16' 208 198 189 184 168 147 137 133 132 121
345 40' 208 198 189 128 711
340 63' 208 198 189 121 104
313 100' 208 198 189 115 98
279 150' 186 186 186
J
.
n
I
Carbon manganeseseel (fully-killedaluminium treated) t o BS 1 5 0 1 : P a n 1
Table 2.3(a] Design strength values (N/mmz)(continued)
Plates
Grade.type R, Re BS Thickness Valuer of Ifordesign temperatures ('C) not exceeding Design Notes
manufacture N/mm2 Nlmm2 band mm 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h
Carbon manganese steel (fully-killed aluminium treated) to BS 1501 : Part 1

224,430A 430 305 M I 3ta16' 183 168 153 137 121 108 101 95 94 93 90 77 65 56 48 42 lW000 9.16
285 40' 183 166 149 135 93 81 68 58 50 43 38 150 000
275 63' 183 164 144 133 88 75 63 54 46 40 34 200 000
253 100' 168 153 138 130 83 70 59 51 43 37 32 2500M)
225 150' 150 141 132 128
1
224,4308 430 305 M1 3to16' 183 174 165 149 132 117 111 105104103 90 77 65 56 48 42 100000 9.16
285 40- 183 172 161 147 104 95 81 68 58 50 43 38 150 WO
275 63' 183 170 157 145 104 88 75 63 54 46 40 34 200 WO
253 100' 168 160 151 142 98 83 70 . 59 51 43 37 32 250 WO
225 150' 150 148 144 139
1
224,460A 460 325 M I 31016' 196 180 165 149 132 117 111 105 104 103 90 77 65 56 48 42 1000M) 9.16
315 40' 196 178 161 147 104 95 81 68 58 50 43 38 150 000
305 63' 196 176 157 145 104 88 75 63 54 46 40 34 2W0M)
281 100' 187 169 151 142 98 83 70 59 51 43 37 32 250 000
250 150' 167 155 144 139
r 224,4608 460 325
315
M1 3to16'
40'
196
196
186
184
177
173
1
160 142 128 121 116 115 114 105
158 115 1 1 1 95
90
81
77
68
65
58
56
50
48
43
42
38
100000
150 000
9.16
305 63' 196 183 171 156 115 104 88 75 63 54 46 40 34 200 WO

281 100' 187 176 164 153
1 115 98 83 70 59 51 43 37 32 250 000
Table 2.3(a) Design strength values ( N I m m 2 ) (concluded)
Plates
Design
and method of lifetime
50 100 150 200 250 300 3 5 0 390 4 0 0 4 1 0 4 2 0 4 3 0 440 4 5 0 4 6 0 4 7 0 4 8 0 h
Carbon manganese steel (fully-killed niobium and aluminium treated)

225,460A 460 340 M1 31016' 154 142 131 119 111 105 104 104 103 90 77 65 56 48 42
330 40' 196 175 104 95 81 68 58 50 43 38
320 63' 196 175 104 88 75 63 54 46 40 34
294 100' 196 175 98 83 70 59 51 43 37 32
262 150' 175 165
Table 2.3(b) Design strength values ( ~ l m m ~ )
Plates
Gade,tv~e 17- 17. & Thickness Valuer 01 flor design temperatures ?Cl not exceeding Design
manufanure N/mm2
1 I
N/mm2 band mm 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 h
Low alloy steel to BS 1501 : Part 2

243A 440 275 M2
0.3Ma 440 270
Table 2.3(b) Design strength values (NIrnrn2) (continued)
Plates
Grade. type Thickness Values o f f far design temperatures PC) not exceeding
and method of
-
mm 50 1W 150 200 250 300 350 400 410 420 430 440 45U 46.11 470 480 490 5W 510 520 530 540 550
Fp
Lowalloy steel to BS 1501 : P a n 2
271 I 640 500 M4
MnCrMaV
610 460
590 430
281 640 500

NiCvMoV
Table 2.3(b) Design strength values (NImm2) (continued)
Plates
ES Thickness Valuesof ffor design temperatures PC1 not exceeding Design Notes
50 100 150 200 250 3 W 350 4-90 450 460 470 4 8 0 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 h
Low alloy ste

620A
1ChM0
Table 2.3(b) Design strength values (Nlmm2)(concluded) EE
Plates 5 '"
Grade-type R. R. BS Thickness Valuerof f forderigntemperatures(1CInotexceeding
and methodof 5500 lifetime
manulacture N/mm2 N/mm2 band mm 50 100 150 200 250 300 340 350 360 400 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580
Low alloy steel to BS 1501 : Part 2

622-515A 515 310 M9 c100' 207192177172166163 156 153 146
2'hCrlMo 500 285 1 150. 190 178 166 161 155 151 147 143 134 132
Table 2.3(cl Design strength values (Nlmm21
Plates
- -
Grade, type Rm Rm BS Thickness Values of ffor design temperatures PC1 not exceeding Design Notes
manufanure Nlmm' N/mm2 band mm 50 100 150 200 2 M 300 350 400 450 500 520 540 550 560 580 600 620 640 650 660 680 700 720 740 750 h
High alloy steel to BS 1501 : Part 3

Table 2.31~)Design strength values INlmm2)(concluded)
Plates
0) "
Grade, type Rm Values of {lor design temperatures PC1 not exceeding Design Notes 3 -.
manufacture Nlmm' Nlmm2 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 520 540 550 560 580 6LlO 620 640 650 660 680 700 720 740 750 h
High alloy Reel to BS 1501 :Part 3 1 1 I 1 1 A

Table 2.3(d) Design strength values ( N I m m 2 )
Sections and bars
Grade, type Thickness Diameter Valuesof f for derigntemperaturesI°C) not exceeding I Design Notes
a m t h d f 1 1%O ( liletime
manulacture ~/mrn' ~ / m mband
~ mrn mm 1 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h
Carbon Reel (semi- or silicon-killed)to BS 1502

~
151.161 430 250 167 157 148 143 128 107 102 99 98 88 79 69 60 52 44 36
Up Lo 50' 160 150 140 135 121 99 93 83 74 65 56 48 40 32
Uptoloo' 153 143 133 128 119 99 90 80 71 62 53 45 37 28
220 147 135 124 121 115
I 97 87 78 68 59 51 42 35 26
Carbon manganese Reel (semi- or silicon-killed)to BS 1502

211.221 430 250 M I Uptol6' Upto25' 167 157 148 143 128 107 102 99 98 97 90 77 65 56 48 42
240 Upto40. Up to 50. 160 150 140 135 121 95 81 68 58 50 43 38
230 Upro63' Uptol00' 153 143 133 128 119 88 75 63 54 46 40 34
220 Upta100' Upto160' 147 135 124 121 115 83 70 59 51 43 37 32
~1
Carbon manganese Reel (silicon-killed,aluminium treated) to BS 1502
M1 Upto16' Upt025'
Up to 40' Up to SO* 176 163 149 136 93 81 68 58 50 43 38
Upto63' Upto100' 163 154 144 133 88 75 63 54 46 40 34
Upta100' Uptol60' 160 151 141 131 83 70 59 51 43 37 ' 32
224.490 I 490 325 M I Uptot6' Upta25' 208 193 177 160 142 128 121 115 114 105 90 77 65 56 48 42
315 Upto 40' Upta 50' 208 191 173 158 I l l 95. 81 68 58 50 43 38
305 Upto63' Upto100' 203 187 171 156 704 88 75 63 54 46 40 34
300 Upto100' Upto160' 200 184 168 152 I 98 83 70 59 51 43 37 32
Table 2.3Id) Desig strength values (Nlmm2)(continued)
L
Sections and bars
0
BS Thickness Values of ffor design temperatures PC1 not erceeding Design Notes
band mm 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580
Low alloy steel to BS 1

271-560
MnCrMoV
Table 2.3(d) Design strength values (Nlrnrnz)(concluded)
Sections and bars
Grade.Wpe R, R. BS Ruling Valuer01 f lordesign temperstursrIOClnoterseeding Design Notes

andmethodof 5500 section lifetime
manufacture Nlmm' Nlmm' band mm 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 4.50 500 520 540 550 560 580 €00 820 W
O 650 660 580 700 720 740 750 h
Austenitic stainless steel to BS

304-Sll 1 480 1 215
Table 2.3(e) Design strength values (N/mm2)
Forgings (see Special note l b )
Ruling senion Valuesof ffor design temperatures I°Cl not exceeding Design
mm lifetime
[See note [dl] 50 1W 150 200 250 300 350 390 4 W 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h
Carbon manganese steels10 6.5

Table 2.3(e) Design strength values (N/mm2)(continued)
Forgings (see Special note l b )
Grade,type R, Ra BS Ruling section Valuer o f f far design temperatures (OC)not exceeding Design Notes
and method of 5500 mm lifetime
manufacture ~/mm' ~/mm' band (Seenoteld)) 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h
Carbon manganese neelsto BS 1503

223-410 1 410 245 M l <I00
230 > 100
260 M1 <I00
245 > 100
290 M1 6 100
270 > 100
320 M I 6100
295 > 100
340 M1 < 100
235 M I <I00
220 > 100
Table 2.3(e) Design strength values (N/mm2)(continued) ii F,
Forgings (see Suecial note 1b) $, "7
.A"o
Grade, type BS temperatures PC1 not exceeding Design Notes b0
and method of I I 5500 mm lifetime 3 A
manufanure ~ / r n r n ~~ / r n m ' band lSee note ldll 50 100 150 200 250 3 0 0 3 5 0 390 400 410 4 2 0 430 440 450 460 470 480 h
-
5g
2 P
Carbon manganesesteels to BS
224.430 1 430 1 250
Table 2.3(e) Design strength values (N/mm2) (continued)
Forgings (see Special note 1 b)
I
BS / Ruling section Valuer of I lor design temperatures PC)not exceeding Design
1 Notes
and method of mm . -
iI Re 5500 lifetime
I ~/mm' band ( (See note ldll 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 440 450 460 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 550 5 7 0 5 8 0 h
/
Alloy and martensitic stainless steel t o BS 1503
243-430 430 250 M2 4 200
0.3 Mo 1
Table 2.3[e) Design strength values (N/rnrn2)(continued)
Forgings (see Special note l b ) 6 m
-. -- --
Valuesof, f o r d e s i g n k p e m u r e s l " C ~nolex-ding Design Nates

.- 0"
andmethod of
manufarmre N/rnrnz N/rnrn2 band lSee note (dl1 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 440 450 460 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 3 a
I - -. 6g
Alloy and martensitic stainless steel to BS 1503 2 P
271-560 560 370 M4 - 238 229 220 215 208 204 199 192 186 166 155 129 107 87 69 54 41 30 100000
MnCrMoV 145 118 95 76 60 44 32 23 150000
132 108 87 68 51 38 26 18 200000
129 105 83 65 48 35 23 14 250000
622-490 490 275 M9 - 183 176 169 163 157 153 149 145 137 135 131 118 105 94 82 72 61 53 45 39 34 100000
2MCrlMo 122 lP? 97 87 77 67 58 48 42 36 31 150000
117 104 92 /9 68 59 52 45 38 33 28 iliduuu
113 100 87 75 65 57 49 42 36 32 27 250000
622-560 560 370 M9 - 238 231 224 219 213 209 201 197 170 157 131 118 105 94 82 72 61 53 45 39 34 100000
27/aCr1 M O 161 148 122 108 97 85 73 63 56 48 42 36 31 150000
156 143 117 104 92 79 68 59 52 45 38 33 28 200000
152 139 113 100 87 75 65 57 49 42 36 32 27 250000
622-650 650 475 M9 -
2'ACrlMo
625-520 520 365 MI0 -
'4 5Cr4M0
. 625-590 590 450 M 10 -
5CrlhMo
503490 490 300 M5 S100 200
3%Ni 1!
509-690 690 490 M6 C 150 294
9Ni
410-521 - 251 232 214 209 202 198 165 133
12cr
Table 2.31e) Design strength values (Nlmm2) (concluded)
Forgings lsee Special note l b )
Grade, type Rm BS Ruling section Values of /for design temperatures 1°C) not exceeding
and method of 5500 mm lifetime
mnutacture 1 N/md band (See note Id11 1 50 100 h
Aunenitic stainless steel to BS 1503

Table 2.3(f) Design strength values ~ ~ l r n r n ~ )
Castings
Grade, type R. fl. BS Thickness Valuesol f for design tempersturer("C1 not exceeding Design Notes
and methodof 5500 liletime
manufacture Nlmm' Nlmm' band rnm 150 200 250 300 350 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h
1
Carbon steel t o BS 1504
161430A 430 230 MO
161430E 430
I 1 230 MO
~
Table 2.3(f) Design strength values lNlmmz)[continued)
Castings
Grade.t~~e Rm R. goo PC1 notexceeding Design

andmethodof lifetime
manulamure Nlmma
1 1
Nlmm2 band
1 350 400 440 450 460 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580
Low alloy steel to BS 1504 I

Table 2.3(f) Design strength values (Nlmmz)(concluded) !i%
c
Castings ;K
-
0
Grade,rype R. R. Thickness ' Vsluesof f fordesign temperaturesrCI notexceeding Derlgn Nates b0
and methodof lifetime 3 A
manufacture Nlmm' Nlmm' 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 520 540 550 560 580 600 620 640 650 660 680 700 720 740 750 h
- 6%
< .b
High alloy steel to BS 1504
629A
9CrlMo 1 620 1 420
Table 2.3(g) Design strength values (N/mm2)
Steel boiler and superheatertubes
Grade. type BS Valuesof f for design temperatures I'C) not exceeding Design Notes
a d methodof Rm Re 5500 lifetime
manufacture N/mmz Nlmm2 band 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480
Carbon steel to BS 3 0 5 9 : P a n 1
~
320 M0 130 119 108 97 86 77 71 68
HFS. CFS. ERW
& CEW
Carbon and carbon manganese steel tubes to BS 3 0 5 9 : Part 2

360 360 235 MO 153 139 125 117 111 97 87 78 77 76 69 60 52 44 36
S1,SZ. ERW 74 65 56 48 40 32
& CEW 71 62 53 45 37 28
68 59 51 42 35 26
440 163 157 152 144 134 119 106 101 101 100 90 77 65 56 48 42
S1.SZ.ERW 101 95 81 68 58 50 43 38
& CEW 101 88 75 63 54 46 40 34
Table 2.3(g1 Design strength values (N/mm21 (continued)
Steel boiler and superheater tubes
Grade, type BS Values of ffor design temperatures I'CI net exceeding Design Notes
and method of 5500 lietime
manufacture band 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 €00 h
Alloy steel to BS 3059 : Part 2

243
0.3Mo
S1. S2. ERW
& CEW
620-460
1Cr "2Mo
S1. S2, ERW
& CEW
Table 2.31g) Design strength values INlmmz) (concluded)
Steel boiler and superheater tubes
Grade, type Values d ffor design temperatvres I'C1 not exceeding Design
and method of litetims
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 540 550 560 510 580 590 €40 610 520 630 WU 630 660 680 100 h
AURenitic Reel to BS 3059 : Pert 2
Table 2.31hl Design strength values ( N l m m 2 1
Steel pipes and tubes for pressure purposes
Grade, type Re 1 go1 ; h Valuesofffor desinn temperatures"'1 not exceeding Design
R
manufacture 1 Nlmmz
1 Nlmm2 band 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 390 400 410 420 430 440 450 460 470 480 h
Seamless and electric resistance welded carbon and carbon manganese steel t o BS 3601
320 ERW (BW) 1 320 / 195 MO 1 C 16 1 130 119 108 97 86 77 71 68
360 ERW. S
215 1 40 C 65.
430 ERW. S.SAW 430 275
2 6 "O *04: ; :
1
255 1 40 L 65'
Seamless and electric resistance welded including
- induction arc welded carbon and carbon manganese steel t o BS 3602 : Part 1
360 360 235 MO 516.
HFS, CFS, ERW 225 16 L 40'
& CEW 215 40 165'
430 430 275 M0 516. 149 135 120 109 101 95 95 88

HFS, CFS. ERW 265 93 83
& CEW 255 90 80
87 78
N
1 500-Nb
W HFS, CFS
I
Longitudinally arc welded serbon and carbon manganese steel t o BS 3602 : Part 2
430
LAW
Seamless, electric resistance and induction welded carbon and alloy steel to BS 3603 I 1
430-LT
HFS, CFS, ERW
& CEW
503-LT
3'4Ni
HFS, CFS
509-LT
9Ni
HFS. CFS
Table 2.31il Design strength values lNlmmZI
Grade, type Values of (for design temperatures PC1 not exceeding

manufacture 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560
Seamless and electric resistance welded ferritic allov steel t o BS 3604 : Part 1 I
620-440
1Cr 'l2Mo
HFS. CFS, ERW
& CEW
621-420
lVr Cr 'IzMo
HFS. CFS
660-460
'bCr MOV
HFS, CFS
622-490
2'14 cr 1Mo
HFS. CFS
625-450
2 5Cr l12Mo
HFS. CFS
629-470
9Cr lMo
HFS. CFS
629-590
9Cr lMo
HFS, CFS
762-720
12Cr Mo V
HFS, CFS
Table 2.31il Design strength values (Nlmmzl (concluded)
Grade, type Rm " BS Values of ffor design temperatures PC1 not exceeding Design Notes
a d m e t of 5500 lifetime
manufacture N/mm2 N/mm2 grade 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 580 590 600 h
~
Longitudinally arc welded ferritic alloy steel to BS 3604 : Part 2
/ 620 204 192 180 172 165 152 143 141 137
I I
1Cr "2Mo
LAW
1 621 515 340 M7 219 211 203 194 187 177 170 167 163
~ " ~ C T ~ ~ ~ M O
LAW
1 622 515 310 M 9 207 198 189 183 177 173 168 163 156
2114Crl M o
LAW
Table 2.3ljl Design strength values lNlrnrn2)
I I
BS ' Thickness Valuer of lfor design temperatures lac)not exceeding Design Notes
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 520 540 550 560 580 600 620 630 640 650 660 680 700 720 h
Seamless austenitic stainless steel t o BS 3605 :Pa* 1

Table 2.31jl Design strength values (Nlmm2)
Values of ffor design temperatures I'CI not
and method of
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Longitudinally welded austenitic stainless steel lo

BS 3605 :Part 2
Table 2.31kl Design strength values (Nlmmz)

Steel tubes for heat exchangers
Grade,type R. Rs BS Thickness Valuesof f fordesigntemperatures10Clnotexceeding Design Notes

manufacture N/mm2 Nlmm' band mm h
Carbon steel to BS 3606

320 lg5
I I I M0
CFS,ERW
&CEW
Table 2.3(k) Design strength values INlrnrnZ)(continued)
Gmde,r(w I_ I. Thickness Valuerof f fordesigntemperatures10CInotexceeding Design Notes

and methodof lifetime
manufasture Nlmm'
I Nlmm' 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 440 450 460 470 480 490 500 510 520 530 540 550 560 570 560 590 600 h
Alloy steel to BS 3606

243-480 480 275
0.3 Mo
CFS, ERW
&CEW
261-540 540 400

0.5 Mo B
CFS, ERW &
CEW
620460 460 180
1Cr'hMo
CFS, ERW
&CEW
621-420
l1/,Cr1I2Mo
CFS, ERW
& CEW
622490
a 21ACrlM0
CFS
625450 450 170

5Cr'hMo
CFS
439 415 205

l8Cr
Table 2.3(k) Design strength values ( ~ l m r n ' )(concluded)
Thickness Valuesof f fordesign temperatures I'C) not exceeding
.
and method ol lifetime
mm
h,
Austenitic stainless steel t o BS3606
LWCF & LWBC
316-Sll. 513
CFS. LWHT.
LWCF & LWBC
316-531.533
CFS. LWHT.
LWCF & LWBC
I I
321-531
CFS. LWHT.
LWCF & LWBC
235
347.831
CFS. LWHT.
Notes t o table2.3
General notes
la1 Table 2.3 gives the nominal design stength lfl of various British Standard materials for design (51 Deleled
temperatures ( t l not exceeding those stated at the head of each column. Time-dependent values (6.S-o~ectto cont nuca f tncss for serv c e rev c c s (see 3 2 4 oe n5 rlsr !-tea at h of ine aes gn
which are oiven for desian lifetimes of 100 000.150 000.200 000 and 250 000 hare italicized.Values fct m e analcatca. t m l a e x n a e n t vu lies may oe ncrcasea ny "p to 10 Or provra ng tne rcs. :!ng
at intermeiiate temperaiuras shall be obtained by linear Interpolation: values obtained by linear Va - e Ooes not exceed tne lo*rest t me naepenalnt va C. g vcn sec tas e ' 5
interpolation involving only one italicized value may be regarded as time-independent.
I71 Deleted
l b l Except in cases where special note(1dl applies, the design temperature as defined in section
three should not exceed the uppertemperature for which a value of fis given; where extrapolation iBI DeSignStrengthSrelatetomaterialinthefullyannealedcondition; highervaluesmay bejustified
of:he values given is required. this shall be on a basis agreed between the manufacturer and the where material is subjectto an alternative heat treatment (see table 1.5).
purchaser (see table 1.51. ($1 Design strengths are notstrictly based on specified yieldlproofstressvalues in reievant material
(cl If required far stress analysis purposes, the transition from linear elastic to linear plastic standard (see K.3.1).
behaviour for all materials except austenitic~teelsmay beassumed to occur at a stress of 1 . 5 ~ f, (10) Tne s e a f 1ongtt.a na y uieac3 p p ng ana 1b
. ng ana me assoclalea a e s g r strengtn fa .es arc
unless fis time-dependent: far austenitic steels the corresponding stress may be taken as 1.35 x f. cona t.ona on the ongtuolnal uiea be ng s-blcctea to the same NDT req. rcmenls as for tne pressere
o Over2 'n c r n t s s T ts arc as aef nea n tne relcvanl matcr a spec focal on n tnc case of
tory nqs tne term '.ng rccr on snu no interpretea n accoraance ur i n OS 5046
vessel shell longitudinal weld. I
I1la1 Deleted
Special notes I11b l Deleted
( l a ] Deleted I l Z a ) Delered
I1b j Thevalues for forgings may be increased up to (but not greaterthan) thevalues permitted for
(1Zb) Delered
plate in the equivalent material grade and equivalent ruling section on provision bythe forgemaster
of appropriate supporting data showing that theminimum acceptancecriteria for equivalent plate 1131 Design may be limited by thestrength of weld metal isee4.3.21.
are satisfied. 114) See 2.3.2.2 (restriction on carbon content of ferritic steels intended for welding).
i l c j An appropriate casting quality factor as specified in 3.4should be applied10 these values. I151 Materiai will lor may be) suppiied in thequenched and tempered conditionin which case
Ildi Design strengthvaiues at highertemperatures aresubjectto agreement between the purchaser properties will be particularly susceptible to degradation es a result of subsequontfabricstion
and the manufacturer (see table 1.51. Processes (see 3.4.2.1).
( l e l Design strengths are under consideration. 116) For thickness values between those asterisked, design strengths may be obtained by linear
ill1 Use of these materials and the associated design strength values are subject to agreement interpolation.
between the purchaser and the manufacturer (see table 1.5). (17) Design strengths oftubes manufactured from slit rimming steel aresubject to agreement
(21 At 5 8 0 T and above the effect b f scaling may besignificant. between the purchaser and the manufacturer (see table 1.51.
? Tn s mater a s ava an c0n.y n a m tea rangc of rnfcrncss ana n tne norma r s a conail on I181 This material is not to be used forvessels designed to operate below O°C.
r "as a rest. clea c a r m n collenl to on* are lnc nccesb tv for stress r e ief s.oseq#oent to fabr'cal'on I191 This material is not to be used without impact tests for vessels designed to operate beiow 0 %
A .-ox na aes gn strcngtn o! '29 h mm' may oe ass-mea a1 lemperalure oc o w 350 'C
(20) Time dependent design values apply only ifthe minimum carbon content equals or exceeds
(4) Deleted 0.04 %.
BS 5500 : 1994
Table 2.3A Additional materials that may be used for category 3 construction
F
Product
p n d a r d s , Conditionsfor use Design stresstor areas remotefrom
BS references weldedseams(3.4.2.2)
I
Plate BS EN 10025 : Fe 3608 FN See notes1.4and 5

asforBS1501 : Part1 : 1980: 1511161 400(tabie2.3)
Fe 360C
Plate,sheet BS 1449 : Pan 1 37123HR See notes 1.2,and 4 asforBS1501 :Pan1 : 1980: 1511161 360(table2.3)
or strip 37123CR
43125HR asforBS1501 : Part1 : 1980: 151/161430(table2.3)
BS1449: Part2 304S15 See note3 asforBS 1501 : Part3 :valuesforequivalent plate
310 524 material (table2.3)
NOTE 1. The copper content shall not exceed 0.30 %.

NOTE 2. Rimming steel shall not be used.
NOTE 3. The steel supplier shall provide a cartificate of compliance which shall also state:
(a) the ladle analysis ofthe material supplied;
(b) the results of mechanical tests on test pieces taken from samples representingthe material supplied.
NOTE4. The negative toleranceonthickness permitted in the materialstandardshall be taken into account in specifyingthe ordering thickness
lsee3.1.5).
NOTE 5. The additional procedure for correction of minor defects specified in 9.2.2 of BS 4360 : 1986 only applies with the
agreement of the purchaser. Specific inspection should be carried out and a certificate issued.

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Committees responsible for this

The ~ r e ~ a r a t i oofnthis British Standard was entrusted bv the Pressure Vessel

Associated Offices Technical Committee

Institute of Quality Assurance

Amendments issued since publication

ISBN 0 580 22555 0 A I

Specification for unfired fusion welded pressure vessels

Corrections to first updating of BS 5500 : 1994 : instructions for

ntle page Replace existing page (unchanged on front)

3/33 Replace existing page 3/33 (page 3133a unchanged on back)

Amendment No. 1 ._..,!

Specification for unfired fusion welded pressure vessels

3/75 Replace existing page @age 3/76 blank on back)

Set-on branches with added

1 cylindrical shell subjected t o a and moment loadings (flush

Foreword continued-sewice reviews' based o n inspection

Unfired fusion welded pressure vessels

Form X Certificate of Compliance

Year of manufacture . . . . . . . Relevant BS 5500 issue. . . . . . . . . . .

Manufacture Name of manufacturer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

j Post-weldheat treatment Component Temperature Holdingtime

Pressure test Location Test pressure Test medium Date

Certificate of Compliance (design)

W e hereby certify t h a t t h e design o f this vessel complies w i t h B S 5500

For manufacturer (see n o t e 6): Date:

For Inspecting Authority: Date:

Certificate of Compliance [construction and testing)

For Manufacturer: Date:

For Inspecting Authority: Date:

) 1.5 l n f o r m a t i o n a n d r e q u i r e m e n t s to b e a g r e e d 1.5.2.1 Before commencementof manufacture. The

Purchaseroption orfeaturerequiring Clsssilicatian Document in whichoptionlfestureshould

Purchase Approved Appmvedworking

Requirementsfor additional records; Purchaser option

Any special requirements governing the Purchaser option

Useofcastingsand appropriate inspection Variation

Use of materials other than those covered by Variation

Design strengthvaluesfor materialsqualified Basic requirement

Use of increased design stresses for certain Purchaseroptionl

Use of steels with carbon contentgreatel Variation

Use of design methodsotherthan detailed in Variation

Any relaxation ofthe design pressure for Purchaser option1

Thedesign lifetime for high temperature Basic requirement

Theservice lifetime for applications where Basic requirement

The provisionsfor corrosion (3.3) Basic requirement

The construction category for vessel or Basic requirement

Properties ofalloy steels used for design Basic requirement

Use of threadsof pitch coarserthan 3 m m or Variation

Use of platematerial forflanged hubs (3.8.1) Variation

drawing (see procedure

Useoffilletwelds with throatthickness less Variation

Commencementof manufacture before Variation

Any modificationstoinformation supplied in Formal revision

Relaxationof amount of dressing on Variation Weld preparation

Supplementary non-destructive testing of cut Purchaser option1 Weld preparation