Battery, Mounting and Cables - Battery: Principles of Operation

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The documents provide instructions for diagnosing and testing batteries, including how to perform voltage drop tests and what the proper specifications are for removal and installation.

The steps include starting the engine and turning on various electrical loads, connecting a multimeter between the battery terminal and clamp to measure voltage, and cleaning and reconnecting if the reading is above 0.1 volts.

The proper torque specifications provided are 6 Nm for the battery terminal nuts, 10 Nm for the battery ground terminal nut and battery tray retaining bolts.

Published: 13-Aug-2012

Battery, Mounting and Cables - Battery


Diagnosis and Testing

Principles of Operation
For a detailed description of the battery system and operation, refer to the relevant Description and Operation section of
the workshop manual. REFER to: (414-01 Battery, Mounting and Cables)

Battery and Cables - AW D (Description and Operation),


Battery and Cables - AW D (Description and Operation),
Battery and Cables - AW D (Description and Operation).

Inspection and Verification

CAUTION: Diagnosis by substitution from a donor vehicle is NOT acceptable. Substitution of control modules does
not guarantee confirmation of a fault and may also cause additional faults in the vehicle being checked and/or the donor
vehicle.

1. Verify the customer concern.

2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of mechanical or electrical damage.

Visual Inspection
Mechanical Electrical
Generator Generator
Drive belt Battery
Drive belt tensioner Battery connections

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Generator pulley Starter motor
Check the security of the generator fixings Harnesses and connectors
Fuses
Charge warning lamp function
Engine Control Module (ECM)

3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible) before proceeding
to the next step.

4. If the cause is not visually evident check for Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) and refer to the DTC Index.

DTC Index
NOTES:

Generic scan tools may not read the codes listed, or may read only five digit codes. Match the five digits from the
scan tool to the first five digits of the seven digit code listed to identify the fault (the last two digits give additional
information read by the manufacturer-approved diagnostic system).

When performing electrical voltage or resistance tests, always use a digital multimeter (DMM) accurate to three
decimal places, and with an up-to-date calibration certificate. W hen testing resistance, always take the resistance of the
DMM leads into account.

Check and rectify basic faults before beginning diagnostic routines involving pinpoint tests.

If DTCs are recorded and, after performing the pinpoint tests, a fault is not present, an intermittent concern may be
the cause. Always check for loose connections and corroded terminals.

For a list of Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) that could be logged on this vehicle, please refer to Section 100-00.

Midtronics EXP-1080 User Guide


Carry out the following: -

PINPOINT TEST A : VOLTAGE DROP


TEST CONDITIONS DETAILS/RESULTS/ACTIONS
A1: GROUND CIRCUIT

NOTE: This test checks for high resistance between the battery terminal and the battery clamp
1 Start the engine, turn on the following:

(1) Air conditioning

(2) Blower fan on full speed

(3) Headlights on main beam

(4) Heated screen - rear

(5) Heated screen - front (if installed)

(6) Heated seats (if installed)

2 Connect the multimeter between the battery negative


terminal and the battery clamp as shown in picture below
(do not disconnect the battery at this stage)
3 Set the multimeter to read DC voltage and record the
reading
Is reading equal to or below 0.1 volts?
Yes
GO to A2.
No
Switch all electrical loads and engine off, return the vehicle
to an ignition off condition. Disconnect the battery negative
clamp, clean clamp and terminal then reconnect and repeat

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test GO to A1.
A2: POWER CIRCUIT

NOTE: This test checks for high resistance between the battery terminal and the battery clamp
1 Start the engine, turn on the following:

(1) Air conditioning

(2) Blower fan on full speed

(3) Headlights on main beam

(4) Heated screen - rear

(5) Heated screen - front (if installed)

(6) Heated seats (if installed)

2 Connect the multimeter between the battery positive


terminal and the battery clamp as shown in picture below
(do not disconnect the battery at this stage)
3 Set the multimeter to read DC voltage and record the
reading
Is reading equal to or below 0.1 volts?
Yes
Carry out midtronics battery test procedure
No
Switch all electrical loads and engine off, return the vehicle
to an ignition off condition. Disconnect the battery power
clamp, clean clamp and terminal then reconnect and repeat
test GO to A2.

Reference Description
1 LCD screen with main menu
2 Control panel (key board and power button)
3 Positive and negative fly leads
4 Fly leads connection
5 Temperature sensor
6 Infra-red sensor (data transfer for printer)
7 Amp hour
8 Battery rating (CCA)
9 Rating units
10 Battery type
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The following steps must be carried out to ensure correct operation of the EXP-1080 during the battery test procedure

Checks Action
Checks Action
Battery fluid leakage, check for battery fluid leaks or
damage to the battery casing NOTE: If visible damage to the case is evident do not
return battery under warranty

Replace the battery if there is any battery fluid leaks evident


Battery vent pipe routing Check for routing, ensure there are no kinks
EXP-1080 fly lead, condition of clamps Clean or replace as required
EXP-1080 fly lead connection Confirm secure connection

NOTE: The Midtronics EXP-1080 is suitable for testing flooded and absorbed glass mat (AGM) type batteries

Typical Values

Amp Hour CCA (Cold Cranking Amps Rating Units


12 200 EN
70 760 SAE
80 700 SAE
80 800 SAE
90 800 SAE
95 850 SAE
90 950 SAE
105 950 SAE
Midtronics Battery Test Procedure

This midtronics battery test procedure will confirm the serviceability of the battery

1. Connect the fly-lead to the midtronics EXP-1080


2. Connect the fly-leads to the battery terminals

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Black lead to negative terminal
Red lead to positive terminal
Confirm the connections are secure
3. The EXP-1080 will power on automatically when connected to a battery, screen below is displayed

NOTE: MAIN MENU SCREEN

4. Main Menu. Select Battery test and press SELECT


NOTE: BATTERY LOCATION

5. Battery Location. Select either, Out of vehicle or In Vehicle as appropriate


Select Next

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NOTE: BATTERY RATING

6. BATTERY RATING. Select the correct battery rating from the pre-installed list, (Goto step 10). Or,
To manually enter the correct battery type, specification and CCA rate. Scroll using the arrow keys on the midtronics
panel and select Other from the menu
Select Next

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NOTE: BATTERY TYPE

7. Battery Type. Select the correct battery type (Regular or AGM)


NOTE: All AGM batteries are marked (Refer to battery label)
Select Next

NOTE: RATING UNITS

8. Rating Units. Select the correct rating units. Refer to the battery label for correct specification. Options EN, DIN,
SAE
Select Next
NOTE: BATTERY RATING

9. BATTERY RATING. Scroll using the arrow keys on the midtronics panel, select the correct CCA rating (For CCA
refer to battery label)

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Select Next

NOTES:

TEMPERATURE

Ensure that the temperature sensor does not touch any part of the battery or vehicle, this will cause damage not be
covered under the midtronics warranty and will require the unit to be returned to a service center

10. Temperature. Aim the temperature sensor towards the battery casing (Maintain distance of 5cm)
Select Next
NOTE: TESTING

11. Testing. The screen displays clock hand's rotating, the EXP-1080 will automatically advance when test has
completed

NOTES:

SURFACE CHARGE
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If there is no surface charge this step will not show. Go to next step

11a. Surface Charge. Ensure the ignition state is on. Switch on the headlights (high beam) until EXP-1080 shows
Turn off headlights then return ignition state to off
NOTES:

BATTERY CHARGE

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If the state of charge is sufficient this step will not show. Go to next step

11b. Battery Charge. Select Before Charging if battery has not been on a recommended mains charger for a
minimum of 6 hours
Select After Charging if battery has been on a recommended mains charger for a minimum of 6 hours

NOTES:

DEEP SCAN TECHNOLOGY

This test is automated and will show if required. Go to next step

12. Testing. The EXP-1080 will carry out the deep scan test, then automatically advance when test has completed

Number Description
1 Battery test result
2 CCA (Measured capacity rating)
3 Voltage
4 CCA (Manually entered)
5 Temperature
NOTE: RESULTS

Test Result Action

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GOOD BATTERY Test complete no action required
GOOD - RE-CHARGE Charge battery using a recommended mains charger (minimum 50 amp) until charging
complete
CHARGE AND RE-TEST Charge battery using a recommended mains charger (minimum 50 amp) until charging
complete. Retest. If the result is the same replace battery
REPLACE BATTERY / BAD Replace battery. Do Not Recharge
CELL BATTERY
UNABLE TO COMPLETE TEST Disconnect battery from vehicle and re-test

NOTES:

TEST CODE

Battery test code, must be given if a battery, starter motor or generator is exchanged under warranty
NOTES:

STATE OF HEALTH

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General health of the battery and its ability to deliver its specified performance compared with a new battery

NOTES:

SOC (State Of Charge)

BATTERY STATE OF CHARGE

Results. From the result display use the arrow keys on the control panel to view the test code
The test code must be quoted with every battery claim under warranty

Flooded Battery Care Point

If the vehicle is equipped with a flooded battery, ensure the replacement battery is a flooded battery of the same
specification (cold cranking amperage (CCA) / amp hour rating (Ah)) as the original battery

Under no circumstances should you fit a flooded battery to a vehicle that originally had an AGM battery, unless formally
instructed by Jaguar/Land Rover

AGM Battery Care Point

If the vehicle is equipped with an absorbed glass mat (AGM) battery, ensure the replacement battery is a AGM battery of
the same specification (cold cranking amperage (CCA) / amp hour rating (Ah)) as the original battery, unless formally
instructed by Jaguar/Land Rover
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Published: 28-Mar-2012
Battery, Mounting and Cables - Battery and Cables AWD - Component
Location
Description and Operation

COMPONENT LOCATION - SHEET 1 OF 2 - DW 12c

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Item Description
1 CJB (central junction box)
2 ECM (engine control module)
3 RJB (rear junction box)
4 Battery
5 BJB (battery junction box)
6 Starter motor
7 Generator
COMPONENT LOCATION - SHEET 2 OF 2 - GTDi
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Item Description
1 CJB
2 ECM
3 RJB
4 Battery
5 BJB
6 Starter motor
7 Generator
Published: 28-Mar-2012
Battery, Mounting and Cables - Battery and Cables AWD - Overview
Description and Operation

OVERVIEW
The battery is located behind a cover on the LH (left-hand) side of the engine compartment. The battery sits in a tray and
is secured in position with a clamp plate and bolt assembly. The battery supplies electrical power to the starter motor,
generator and BJB (battery junction box).

The BJB is mounted adjacent the LH front suspension turret. The BJB contains fusible links, blade and J-case fuses, and
relays to distribute electrical power to various vehicle systems and junction boxes.

NOTE: The fusible links are mounted on the inboard side of the BJB behind a series of removable covers.

The CJB (central junction box) is mounted behind the glovebox and receives its main power supply from the BJB. In
addition to containing blade fuses, the CJB is the main controller for a number of vehicle systems. These functions are
outlined in the relevant sections of this manual.

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Published: 28-Mar-2012
Battery, Mounting and Cables - Battery and Cables AWD - System
Operation and Component Description
Description and Operation

Control Diagram

NOTE: A = Hardwired connection; D = High speed CAN (controller area network) bus; O = LIN (local interconnect
network) bus

SHEET 1 OF 2 - DW12c

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Item Description
1 CJB (central junction box)
2 Battery monitoring system (BMS) module
3 Battery
4 RJB (rear junction box)
5 ECM (engine control module)
6 Generator
7 Starter motor
8 BJB (battery junction box)
9 Starter fuse
SHEET 2 OF 2 - GTDi

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Item Description
1 CJB
2 Battery monitoring system (BMS) module
3 Battery
4 RJB
5 ECM
6 Generator
7 Starter motor
8 BJB
9 Starter fuse

System Operation
Starter Fuse

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Incorporated in the cable between the battery and the starter motor/generator is a CAL3 starter fuse. The fuse is mounted
adjacent the battery positive terminal and is integral with the cable assembly. In the event of fuse failure, the complete
cable assembly must be replaced.

Wire Color Codes


New wire color codes have been introduced in the Electrical Circuit Diagrams. These new codes are shown in the table
below.

Color Code
Black BK
Blue BU
Brown BN
Green GN
Grey GY
Orange OG
Red RD
Violet VT
W hite WH
Yellow YE
Tracer wire color codes are separated from the main wire color code by a hyphen, thus BU-RD equates to a blue wire with a
red tracer. For more information, refer to the Electrical Circuit Diagrams and the Electrical Library.

POWER MODES
The CJB controls the power supplies for the various vehicle functions. There are 9 power modes available which are used by
various systems to determine the operating condition of the vehicle. Only 3 of these modes will be noticeable to the driver
and technicians as follows:

Power mode 0 - Ignition off


Power mode 4 - Accessory
Power mode 6 - Ignition
Power mode 7 - Engine running
Power mode 9 - Crank.

Transport Mode

All new vehicles will be delivered from the factory in transport mode. Transport mode replaces the traditional transit relay
and inhibits a number of electrical systems and features to eliminate quiescent drain from the battery during delivery.
Transport mode also inhibits some electrical loads when the engine is running to ensure that the battery is never
discharged while the engine is running.

When the vehicle is in transport mode 'transp' will be displayed in the instrument cluster odometer.

To remove the vehicle from transport mode, the Land Rover approved diagnostic system must be connected during the
Pre-Delivery Inspection (PDI). For more information, refer to the PDI manual.
Stop/Start System Component Location

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Item Description
1 Voltage quality module
2 BMS module
3 Absorption glass mat battery

Component Description
Absorption Glass Mat Battery

To counteract the extreme power consumption of a Stop/Start system and/or the Park Heat feature, a high-performance
battery based on Absorption Glass Mat technology has been introduced. The battery owes its superiority over a
conventional battery to the ‘absorbent glass mat’ which is a fine fiberglass mat compressed between the lead plates.Refer
to: Starting System - AWD (303-06A Starting System - TD4 2.2L Diesel, Description and Operation).

Battery Monitoring System


The Battery Monitoring System (BMS) was introduced due to fuel economy benefits, battery life optimization and enhanced
diagnostics.

Moreover, optimal battery health is a fundamental factor in the correct operation of the Stop/Start system. Therefore, the
BMS calculates and communicates the battery status.

BMS Plate

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Item Description
1 BMS plate
The BMS plate is a metal plate that is bolted on top of the BMS unit on the battery negative terminal. The plate is used to
secure the battery negative cables and the ECM earth to the battery negative terminal.

Voltage Quality Module

During an engine Stop/Start cycle the Voltage Quality Module (VQM) maintains some of the vehicle’s electrical systems by
supplying a support voltage around the vehicle's electronic components during an engine restart. This allows crucial vehicle
systems to continue uninterrupted when there is a sudden draw of current from the battery.
Refer to: Starting System - AWD (303-06A Starting System - TD4 2.2L Diesel, Description and Operation).
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Published: 09-Jun-2011
Battery, Mounting and Cables - Battery
Removal and Installation

Removal
NOTES:

Removal steps in this procedure may contain installation details.

Some variation in the illustrations may occur, but the essential information is always correct.

1.

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2.
3. Torque: 25 Nm

4. Torque: 25 Nm

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5.
6. Torque: 6 Nm

7. NOTE: If equipped.

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Torque: 10 Nm

8.
9. Torque: 6 Nm

10. Torque: 6 Nm

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11.
12.

13.

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Installation

1. To install, reverse the removal procedure.


Published: 09-Jun-2011
Battery, Mounting and Cables - Battery Tray
Removal and Installation

Removal
NOTES:

Removal steps in this procedure may contain installation details.

Some variation in the illustrations may occur, but the essential information is always correct.

1. Refer to: Battery (414-01 Battery, Mounting and Cables, Removal


and Installation).

2. Torque: 10 Nm

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3. NOTE: Do not disassemble further if the
component is removed for access only.

Installation

1. To install, reverse the removal procedure.


Published: 09-Jun-2011
Battery, Mounting and Cables -
General Specification - Stop-start and timed climate models:
Item Specification
Battery:
Type H7 AGM (VRLA)
Capacity 80Ah/800CCA
General Specification - All except stop-start and timed climate models
Item Specification
Battery:
Type H7 Flooded
Capacity 80Ah/700CCA
Battery Disconnect/Connect

NOTE: Make a note of the customers radio preset stations.

Disconnect battery Connect battery


1. Apply parking brake or 1.Make sure that all electrical loads are switched OFF
alternatively, chock wheels
2. Open the hood 2. Connect battery ground cable to the battery - 6Nm
3. Remove the battery cover 3.Connect the BMS electrical connector
4. Disconnect the engine wiring 4.Connect the battery ground to starter motor connector/terminal (if equipped) -
harness ground connector/terminal 10Nm
5. Disconnect the battery ground to 5. Connect the engine wiring harness ground connector/terminal - 6Nm
starter motor connector/terminal (if
equipped)

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6. Disconnect the battery monitoring 6. Install the battery cover
system (BMS) module electrical
connector
7. Disconnect the battery ground 7.Close the hood
cable from the battery
8. Switch the ignition on
9.Reset radio station preset stations
10. Reset the clock
11. Reset electric window one-touch facility. Power window up to hard stop, release
switch, reapply and hold for 1 second (relay in door will click). Lower window to
stop, reapply and hold for one second. One touch should now work
Torque Specifications
Item Nm lb-ft lb-in
Vehicle body brace retaining bolts 25 18 -
Battery terminal nuts 6 - 53
Battery ground terminal nut - battery to starter motor retaining stud (if equipped) 10 7 -
Battery tray retaining bolts 10 7 -

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