Grandpre 1

Meridien Grandpre

English 1010

Dr. Haslam Period 4

12 Dec. 2020

Annotated Bibliography

My Research question is “Is Celiac disease becoming an epidemic?” As we have

progressed through the years, it seems that more and more people are being diagnosed with

Celiac Disease. I am going to look at the number of people that have been diagnosed and reasons

why the disease is being triggered. I want to know if food production companies are adding

something to food or if more people are inheriting the gene that codes for the disease. This is one

of those diseases that is supposed to be lifelong. I would like to investigate to see if more people

are born and diagnosed with the disease or if they are diagnosed later in life.

Sources:

Denham, Jolanda M, and Ivor D Hill. “Celiac Disease and Autoimmunity: Review and

Controversies.” Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, Springer US, 17 Aug. 2013,

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3725235/#CR97.

Celiac Disease and Autoimmunity: Review and Controversies from the National

Center for Biotechnology Information, published on May 17, 2013, gives a brief

overview of the biology behind celiac disease and other autoimmune disorders. Denham

and Ivor discuss how the genes HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DO8 are present in the vast majority

of patients with celiac disease. The authors then continue to state that people with celiac

disease are more likely to develop other autoimmune disorders. For instance, in the

article they state, “A recent review of the literature reported the prevalence of CD (celiac
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disease) amongst adult and pediatric T1DM (Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus) patients between

4.4 and 11%” (Denham, Ivor 8). Denham used this statement to demonstrate how people

are more likely to have multiple autoimmune diseases. The authors continued, stating that

many of the autoimmune disorders share the same gene mutation. Denham and Ivor

concluded the review paper by discussing the effects of a gluten-free diet on autoimmune

disorders.

This review paper takes a more neutral stance. The authors do not discuss the

rising amount of cases, but they provide insight into where such cases may be coming

from. The paper summarizes multiple longstanding studies of celiac disease and can

provide valid information to all sides of the argument. As the authors are summarizing

scientific studies, they are credible. Additionally, their work was published under a

renowned biotechnology website. Denham and Ivor use a lot of ethos and logos to

provide their information to the scientific community.

Fasano, Alessio, et al. “Spectrum of Gluten-Related Disorders: Consensus on New Nomenclature

and Classification: BMC Medicine.” Spectrum of Gluten-Related Disorders: Consensus

on New Nomenclature and Classification | BMC Medicine, BMC Med, 7 Feb. 2012,

rdcu.be/cbjcM.

The article Spectrum of Gluten-Related Disorders: Consensus on New

Nomenclature and Classification from BMC Medicine, published February 7, 2012,

discusses the different types of disorders that are caused by gluten. Fasano and the other

authors start out by discussing the different grains and their uses. The authors then begin

discussing the different types of gluten disorders. First the authors talk about wheat

allergies and how the prevalence of such disorders is increasing. In the article they state,
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“The prevalence of IgE to wheat progressively increased with age, from 2% to 9%” (8).

The authors use this statement to show that wheat allergies are increasing. Fasano

continues the article and discusses celiac disease, gluten ataxia, and gluten sensitivities.

The author concludes the article by discussing how professionals diagnose the different

types of disorders and the treatment options.

This article takes the viewpoint that celiac disease is not becoming an epidemic.

Insead, the authors discuss how other gluten disorders like allergies and sensitivities are

increasing. This article can be used as more of a middle ground source. The authors don’t

disagree that celiac diseases cases are on the rise. However, more innocent disorders are

to blame. The authors use ethos and logos to emphasize this point. The studies and

doctors that Fasano references help the article to be more credible. The credibility allows

the audience, patients and other doctors, to understand that celiac disease is not the only

issue people may face.

Mayo Clinic. “Celiac Disease.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and

Research, 21 Oct. 2020, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/celiac-

disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20352220.

Celiac Disease from Mayo Foundation for Medical Education published on

October 21, 2020, discusses various aspects of celiac disease. The author begins by

giving a brief overview of the autoimmune disease. The Mayo Clinic talks about how

celiac disease eats away at the small intestine and gives some signs and symptoms. They

also talk about the treatment for the disease. For example, in the article they state, “There

is no cure for celiac disease- but for most people, following a strict gluten-free diet can
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help manage symptoms…” (Mayo Clinic 4). By stating this fact, the author lets the

readers know that this disease can be devastating.

This article takes a very neutral viewpoint on my topic. The Mayo Clinic is a

well known celiac disease research site and is therefore very credible to all audiences.

This article was meant to give limited information to those who know little to nothing

about celiac disease. The author uses mostly logos to talk to the reader. I am using this

article to provide some basic information about the disease on my website.

Mayo, Clinic. (2020, October 21). Celiac disease. Retrieved December 10, 2020, from

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/celiac-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-

20352225

Celiac Disease from Mayo Foundation for Medical Education published on

October 21, 2020, discusses the diagnosis of celiac disease. The author begins by

Discussing the different types of blood work that can be done to determine if a patient

could have celiac disease. The Mayo Clinic then talks about the different procedures that

may be ordered by doctors to definitely state whether or not a patient has celiac disease.

For example, in the article they state, “If the results of these tests indicate celiac disease,

your doctor will likely order one of the following tests: Endoscopy… Capsule

endoscopy...” (Mayo Clinic 3). By stating this fact, the author informs the reader about

the different diagnostic tests.

This article takes a very neutral viewpoint on my topic. The Mayo Clinic is a

well known celiac disease research site and is therefore very credible to all audiences.

This article was meant to give a brief overview of some of the tests that would be used to
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diagnose celiac disease. The author uses mostly logos to talk to the reader. I am using this

article to provide some basic information about the diagnosis on my website.

Ratner, Amy. “Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Increasing in Western World.” Beyond Celiac,

Beyond Celiac, 21 Feb. 2020, www.beyondceliac.org/research-news/diagnosis-

increasing/#:~:text=The rate of new diagnosis,Canada, China and Sweden found.

Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Increasing in Western World from Beyond Celiac,

published February 21, 2020, discusses how researchers are determining the amount of

people with celiac disease. Ratner states that there are two numbers that are used to

determine this: incidence (newly diagnosed) and prevalence (people living with the

disease). The author then continues to discuss the increase of celiac disease in the western

world. Ratner states, “The rate of new diagnosis of celiac disease has increased 7.5

percent every year for the past few decades throughout the industrialized Western

world…” (Ratner 3). The analyst then talks about how diagnostic improvements may be a

factor for the increase of new diagnosis. Ratner concludes the article by talking about

environmental factors and how they play a role in celiac disease.

This source takes the viewpoint that celiac disease is becoming an epidemic. The

website that this article is posted under is a credible source that is very involved in the

research of celiac disease. They help support people struggling with the disease and are

helping to gain funding for research. The author is a well known medical and science

news analyst and has worked on many disease analysis. Ratner uses a lot of ethos, logos,

and pathos to help support her argument. SHe additionally uses imagery to help readers

understand what she is trying to say. Ratner is targeting people with and without the
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disease in order to raise awareness. I agree that celiac disease has become an epidemic. I

am curious to know if there is a reason that more women and children are being affected.

Viome. “Why Is Celiac Disease on the Rise?” Viome, 22 May 2018, www.viome.com/blog/why-

celiac-disease-rise-answer-gut-microbiome.

The article Why is Celiac Disease on the Rise? The Answer is in the Gut

Microbiome, published on May 22, 2018 on Viome, discusses possible reasons why

celiac disease could be increasing. Viome begins by discussing how the disease affects

the body. The author provides consequences of not diagnosing the disease as well as

symptoms. The article then introduces the idea that the microbes in the gut could be a

cause of celiac disease. In the article the author states, “Recent findings pinpoint species

of gut microbiota may activate the inflammatory pathways that trigger celiac disease.”

The author used this statement to allude to the idea that there may be a new treatment

possible. Viome concludes the article by discussing how adjusting the microbes in the gut

can help treat, if not cure patients with celiac disease.

This article adopts the viewpoint that celiac disease has become an epidemic.

While the author does not expressly state that the disease is an epidemic, they do state

that the disease has gotten out of control. This source offers some insight into what may

be causing the increase of disease and introduces some popular solutions. Viome uses a

great deal of logos to encourage celiac patients to look into other treatments. While the

article uses information from credible sources, I don’t believe that they are credible

themselves. The website is a blog and there is no author indicated.

With all my research completed, I am confident that my sources are credible. All the

information is verified by multiple sources and the authors cited where they got their

information. The topic of celiac disease is really important to me, so finding credible information

is valuable. I found through my research that celiac disease is in fact becoming an epidemic. I

was unable to find information that expressly stated whether or not food companies are

responsible for the rise. However, I did find that environmental factors such as food play a major

role in the increasing number of cases