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    Colonialism and Urban Change - BOOK BACK ANSWERS

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    Manjula Manjula
    The document discusses urban development in India under British colonial rule. It describes the decline of medieval towns and rise of new urban centers established by the British like the presidency towns of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras. The British built new planned cities with broad roads, bungalows, gardens, and infrastructure for water, sewage, and drainage. They also established hill stations and cantonment towns. Municipal corporations were created to administer the growing urban areas. The document contrasts old walled cities with the new urban planning of cities like New Delhi built under British rule.

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    Colonialism and Urban Change - BOOK BACK ANSWERS

    Uploaded by

    Manjula Manjula
    1K views4 pages
    The document discusses urban development in India under British colonial rule. It describes the decline of medieval towns and rise of new urban centers established by the British like the presidency towns of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras. The British built new planned cities with broad roads, bungalows, gardens, and infrastructure for water, sewage, and drainage. They also established hill stations and cantonment towns. Municipal corporations were created to administer the growing urban areas. The document contrasts old walled cities with the new urban planning of cities like New Delhi built under British rule.

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    History cbse class 8

    Original Title

    Colonialism and urban change -BOOK BACK ANSWERS

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    The document discusses urban development in India under British colonial rule. It describes the decline of medieval towns and rise of new urban centers established by the British like the presidency towns of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras. The British built new planned cities with broad roads, bungalows, gardens, and infrastructure for water, sewage, and drainage. They also established hill stations and cantonment towns. Municipal corporations were created to administer the growing urban areas. The document contrasts old walled cities with the new urban planning of cities like New Delhi built under British rule.

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    1K views4 pages

    Colonialism and Urban Change - BOOK BACK ANSWERS

    Uploaded by

    Manjula Manjula
    The document discusses urban development in India under British colonial rule. It describes the decline of medieval towns and rise of new urban centers established by the British like the presidency towns of Bombay, Calcutta, and Madras. The British built new planned cities with broad roads, bungalows, gardens, and infrastructure for water, sewage, and drainage. They also established hill stations and cantonment towns. Municipal corporations were created to administer the growing urban areas. The document contrasts old walled cities with the new urban planning of cities like New Delhi built under British rule.

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    of 4

    VELAMMAL BODHI CAMPUS – ponneri

    (A CBSE - IIT/NEET Integrated Sr. Sec. School)


    Class: VIII His: Ln-10 Colonialism and urban change Sub: SST
    A. Fill in the blanks.
    1. The loss of patronage led to the decline of medieval towns.
    2. The first municipal corporation of India was established in Madras.
    3. The first railway line was built between Bombay and than in 1853.
    4. The most enduring introductions which the British made were the railway ,
    post and telegraph.
    5. In 1911, the capital of India was shifted from Calcutta to Delhi
    B. Match the following.
    1. Shimla a. big houses (4)
    2. Cantonment b. barracks (2)
    3. Bombay c. Presidency (3)
    4. Bungalows d. old capital (5)
    5. Calcutta e. hill station (1)
    C. Answer the following questions very briefly.
    1. What were the factories also known as?
    Ware houses
    2. Name two hills stations established by the British in India.
    Shimla , Ooty
    3. What were the features of a presidency town?
    Postage , Telegraphs , Railways
    4. Identify two elements that are common in all cities established by the British.
    Government offices – public libraries
    5. Why were the walls of the walled city taken down by the British?
    The walled city were taken down to make the city expand beyond the
    frontries of its walls
    D. Answer the following questions very briefly.
    1. What are the city centres?
    * The East India company established trading centres which were called
    factories.
    * These were places where the factors or the officials of the company
    worked.
    * Some of these factories were fortified and they became city centers and
    important towns.
    2. Why did cities and town have post and telegraph offices?
    * They were used for better communication purpose.
    * The factories which officials of the company worked needed to be often
    met related to their business which was difficult so post and telegraph lines were
    very useful.
    3. Why is hill station called as ‘home’ by the British?
    * The hill station served the British as cool retreats for the British and gave
    them a feel of their homeland which were known as hill stations.
    * It had all the features of English architecture like a mall, a church and
    central avenue.
    * They also gained a reputation of curing diseases because of the cold
    environment. These hill stations were little homes away.
    4. Why were some sections of town demarcated by the British?
    * Some sections of town were demarcated by the British in order to
    physically and socially separate the Europeans from the indigenous population.
    Eg: ‘White’ and ‘Black’ towns of Madras. This was being done to enforce
    sanitary and developmental guidelines on the old towns.
    5. How was old Delhi different from New Delhi?
    Old Delhi :
    * Old Delhi had a wall running all around them and called walled city.
    * The cities were divided into thanas or wards which were further divided
    into mohallas or neighbourhoods.
    * No proper water supply and drainage facilities.
    New Delhi :
    * In 1911 the capital of British India shifted from Calcutta to Delhi.
    * British neglected the walled city and wanted to set out to beautify the
    capital in another part of Delhi which was called New Delhi.
    * The new city took shape along the lines of imperial style of architecture.
    * The city had broad roads, big bungalows, and many gardens, it was also a
    very clean city.
    * There was an efficient system of water supply disposal of sewage and
    good drainage facilities.
    E. Answer the following question:
    1. What were the reasons that led to the de-urbanisation of India?
    * The following reasons were responsible for the large – scale de-
    urbanization in India.
    * India was turned into a British colony.
    * It exported raw materials and imported finished goods.
    * The textile industry, hand craft industry the textile industry, were ruined
    by unfair competition.
    * The rapid growth of new cities and towns such as Calcutta, Bombay and
    Madras to satisfy the needs of British commerce and administration.
    * Another reason for de-urbanisation was the decline of the trade marts
    located in these cities and the re-channeling of trade to new routes and networks.
    2. What were some of the urban settlements that came about under the British.
    * Many types of urban settlement came up by the British. They are as
    follows.
    * The British established three main presidencies – Bombay, Calcutta and
    Madras which developed into prosperous towns as they were new centres of
    power and performed multiple functions like administration with all facilities.
    * They were also known as port cities which played an important role in
    trade hill stations such as Shimla Ooty and Darjiling served as cool retreats from
    dust of the plain cantonment town such as Lansdowne stationed many soldiers.
    * Planned cities such as New Delhi had an efficient system of water supply,
    disposal of sewage and good drainage facilities.
    * Such towns were built on a European plan with broad streets and vast
    open spaces.
    * Residential structures and office buildings were kept separate.
    3. Why were municipal corporations created?
    * For the administration of the cities, municipalities were created.
    * A municipality was a body of elected members that was responsible for
    maintenance of sanitation, public health, roads and piped drinking water.
    * The municipality was headed by a mayor.
    * The municipalities functioned through a number of taxes collected like
    road tax, bazaar tax and tax on ferries.
    * The first municipality to be created during the British rule was the
    municipal corporation of Madras 1687 of England corporation of Madras 1687
    by a Royal charter issued by James II of England followed by the Municipal
    corporations of Bombay and Calcutta in 1762.
    4. How were the new urban centres built by the British different from the old
    ones?
    * The new urban centres built by the British were on a European plan with
    broad roads and vast open spaces.
    * The new urban centres took shape along the lines of imperial style of
    architecture.
    * They had big bungalows and many gardens.
    * It was a clean city with efficient system of water supply, disposal of
    sewage and good drainage facilities
    Old Urban Areas :
    * The old urban areas had a wall running all around them.
    * So they were called walled cities.
    * There were many darwazas or gates for entry into those walled cities.
    * They had no proper of water supply and drainage facilities.
    5. Describe the features of Lutyen’s Delhi. So it is popularly called Lutyen’s
    Delhi.
    * New Delhi was designed by Edwin Lutyen. It was designed as the city of
    monuments.
    * It was built to be symbolic of the implied socio – cultural architectural and
    political superiority and domination of the British empire. It took 20 years to
    finish.
    * The notable features of the city are Rajpath (the grand central axis)
    The Rashtrapati Bhavan (The Viceroy’s place).
    * The India gate (The war memorial arch which was immortalize the
    85,000 soldiers who died in the world war II.

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