Classroom Assessment Practice Sheet

Pre-Regional Mathematics Olympiad (PRMO)

(For VIII, IX, X Studying Students)

Topics Covered :
Mathematics : Sets, Number Theory, Polynomials

MATHEMATICS

2 2
( 2  2
x + 1) ( x 2 − x + 1)   ( x − 1) ( x 2 + x + 1) 
2 2
1
1. It is given that  × = , where x ≠ ± 1 and 10 > b > c > 4,
 ( ) 2   ( ) 2  b − c
 x +1
3
  x −1
3

b and c both are integers. Find the number of possible order pairs of (b, c).
2. Let p and q be distinct naturals such that 1981 + p = q2 and 1981 + q = p2. Find the value of (1990 + pq).

t 4012 + 37
3. If 4012
55 + 12 21 × 2006 3 3 − 2 7 =
t , then find the value of .
2
4. Find the last digit of the sum (20022005 + 20032006 + 20072007).
5. Let a, b, c, be positive integers less than 10 such that (100a + 10b + c)2 = (a + b + c)5, what is the value of
(a × b – c)?
6. If a, b and c are real number such that a2 + b2 + 2c2 = 4a – 2c + 2bc – 5, then find the value of (6a – 4b – 2c).

7. Find total number of real solutions to the equation 5z2 + 12z2 = 2

13z .

15 ( Sx + Sy )
8. Sx = ( )
x + x + x + ... − x − x − x − ... , find the value of
2
.

9. For any positive integer a, b such that a > b, the difference of the squares of 2a + 1 and 2b + 1 is always
divisible by k, where k is an integer and 4 < k < 10. Find the value of 24 × 3 k 2 .

10. If Ts = 1 + 9 + 92 + 93 + 94 ...+ 9100, and unit digit of TS is n, then find n + 9.

 5 + 6 + 7 6 + 7 − 5 5 + 7 − 6 5 + 6 − 7

11. Evaluate the product of  1  1  3  2 
    
 2 4  2 3  2 4  2 3 
12. If n(A∩B) = 10, n(B∩C) = 20 and n(A∩C) = 30, then find the greatest possible value of n(A∩B∩C).

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  99 
13. 
If n(Ax) = x – 1 and A1 ⊂ A2 ⊂ A3 ⊂ A4... ⊂ A99, then find n  Ax  .
 x =1 
14. For {1, 2, 3,...n} and each of its non-empty subsets an alternating sum is defined as follows:
Arrange the number of the set/subset in decreasing order and then, beginning with the largest, alternately
add and subtract successive numbers for example, the alternating sum for {1, 2, 4, 6, 9} is 9 – 6 + 4 – 2
+ 1 = 6 and for {5} it is simply 5. Find the sum of all such alternating sum for n = 4.
15. If (15y15 – 11y + 1) p(y) = 2005 y2005, then find the unit digit of sum of coefficients of p(y).
16. Find the number of distinct real numbers which satisfy the equation (x2 + 4x – 2)2 = (5x2 – 1)2.
n
17. Let a1 = 97 and for n > 1, let an = . Calculate the value of a1a2a3a4a5a6.
an −1

18. Let an = 6n + 8n. Find the remainder upon dividing a83 by 49.
n
19. The integer n is the smallest positive multiple of 15 such that each digit of n is either 4 or 0. Compute .
1110
20. The product of four distinct positive integer a, b, c and d is 40320. The numbers also satisfy ab + a
+ b = 322 and bc + b + c = 398. Find the value of d.

21. Find the sum of all positive rational numbers n such that n 2 + 84n + 1941 is an integer

22. If 12p + 1 is the cube of a positive integer, where p is a positive odd integer, then find 3 12 p +1

23. If N is the least positive integer that is both 24% less than one integer and 12% greater than another integer.
Find N −3 .
24. If f(x) is a monic polynomial of degree four such that f(–1) = –1, f(2) = –4, f(–3) = –9 and f(4) = –16, then find f(1).
25. If a, b, c, d, e are distinct integers such that (8 – a)(8 – b)(8 – c)(8 – d)(8 – e) = 12, then find a + b + c + d + e.
26. If the sum of the zeroes, product of the zeroes and the sum of the coefficients of the polynomial
f(x) = ax2 + bx + c are equal and the sum of coefficients is 2, then find a.
27. Find the largest single-digit number by which the expression n3 – n is divisible for all possible integral values
of n.
28. If f(x) = ax2 + bx + c is divided by x, x – 2 and x + 3, the remainders comes out to be 7, 9 and 49
respectively, then find (3a + 5b + 2c)2.
29. If a and b are positive integers such that a and b are not multiples of 3. Find the remainder when a2 + b2 is
divided by 3.
30. If the numbers of solutions in positive integers of 2x + 3y = 763 is N, then find 3
N − 2.

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 Classroom Assessment Practice Sheet
Pre-Regional Mathematics Olympiad (PRMO)
(For VIII, IX, X Studying Students)

ANSWERS

1. (04) (E) 7. (02) (E) 13. (98) (E) 19. (04) (E) 25. (37) (E)

2. (10) (M) 8. (15) (M) 14. (32) (D) 20. (07) (M) 26. (02) (E)

3. (19) (E) 9. (96) (M) 15. (01) (M) 21. (46) (D) 27. (06) (E)

4. (04) (M) 10. (10) (E) 16. (03) (M) 22. (13) (D) 28. (04) (E)

5. (05) (D) 11. (26) (D) 17. (48) (E) 23. (23) (M) 29. (02) (E)

6. (18) (E) 12. (10) (E) 18. (35) (M) 24. (23) (M) 30. (05) (M)

Question Level Question Number

Easy (E) - 14 1, 3, 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 17, 19, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29

Moderate (M) - 11 2, 4, 8, 9, 15, 16, 18, 20, 23, 24, 30

Difficult (D) - 05 5, 11, 14, 21, 22

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 Classroom Assessment Practice Sheet
Pre-Regional Mathematics Olympiad (PRMO)
(For VIII, IX, X Studying Students)

ANSWERS & SOLUTIONS

1. Answer (04)
=t 4012 ( 55 + 12 21) ( 27 + 28 − 12 21)
On solving
2 t =4012 ( 55 + 12 21) ( 55 − 12 21)
 ( x + 1)2 ( x 2 − x + 1)   ( x − 1)2 ( x 2 + x + 1) 
2 2
  =1
  ×
 ( x 3 + 1)2   ( x 3 − 1)2 

b−c =t 4012
3025 − 3024
= 1

1 t 4012 + 37 1 + 37
We get, = 1, b − c= 1 = = 19
b−c 2 2
⇒ (b, c) = (9, 8), (8, 7), (7, 6) (6, 5) 4. Answer (04)
2. Answer (10) Unit digit of 20022005 is 2,
1981 + p = q2, 1981 + q = p2 Unit digit of 20032006 is 9 and
⇒ p – q = q2 – p2 Unit digit of 20072007 is 3
⇒ p2 – q2 + p – q = 0 Thus unit digit of (20022005 + 20032006 + 20072007)
⇒ (p – q) (p + q + 1) = 0 is 2 + 9 + 3 = 14

⇒ p = q or p + q = – 1 ∴ Last digit will be 4.

But p and q are distinct numbers 5. Answer (05)
∴ p+q=–1 ...(1) Let N = (100a + 10b + c)2 = (a + b + c)5
Now p2 + q2 = p + q + 3962 ⇒ N is both a square and fifth power
2 2
p + q = – 1 + 3962 (from (1)) ⇒ N must be tenth power
2
(p + q) – 2pq = 3961
(100a + 10b + c) denotes a three digit number.
1 – 2pq = 3961
⇒ N is square of three digit number
2pq = – 3960
∴ 210 = (25)2 = (32)2 is not possible
pq = – 1980
310 = (35)2 = (243)2 is possible.
⇒ 1990 + pq = 10
410 = (45)2 = (1024)2 is not possible.
3. Answer (19)
∴ N = (243)2 = (2 + 4 + 3)5
t= 4012
55 + 12 21 × 2006
3 3 −2 7
⇒ a = 2, b = 4, and c = 3
t= 4012
55 + 12 21 ×
4012
(3 3 − 2 7)
2
∴ (a × b – c) = 2 × 4 – 3 = 5
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6. Answer (18) 10. Answer (10)
a2 + b2 + 2c2 = 4a – 2c + 2bc – 5 Unit digit of 1 + 9 = 0
Unit digit of 92 + 93 = 0
a2 + b2 + 2c2 – 4a + 2c – 2bc + 5 = 0
Unit digit of 998 + 9999 = 0
(a2 – 4a + 4) + (b2 + c2 – 2bc) + (c2 + 1 + 2c) = 0 ∴ Unit digit of 1 + 9 + 92 ... 9100 = unit digit of
(a – 2)2 + (b – c)2 + (c + 1)2 = 0 9100 = 1
⇒ a = 2, b = c and c = – 1 ⇒ n + 9 = 10
11. Answer (26)
∴ 6a – 4b – 2c = 12 + 4 + 2 = 18
( 5 + 6 + 7 ) ( 6 + 7 − 5 )( 5 + 7 − 6 )( 5 + 6 − 7 )
7. Answer (02) 1 2 1 3
+ + +
23 3 4 4
2 2 2
13 z is satisfied only when
5z + 12z =
 ( 6 + 7 )2 − ( 5 )2   ( 5 )2 − ( 6 − 7 )2 
2 2 2 2   
z = 2, since 5 + 12 = 13 , 25 + 144 = 169.
22
∴ z2 – 2 = 0
= × (13 + 2 42 − 5 ) ( 5 − 13 + 2 42 )
1
(z + 2 )(z − 2 ) =
0 4

× ( 2 42 + 8 ) ( 2 42 − 8 )
1
z = − 2, 2 =
4
1  2
= × ( 2 42 ) − ( 8 )  = × 104 =
8. Answer (15) 2 1
26
4 4
Sx = x + x + x + ... − x − x − x − ... 12. Answer (10)
The greatest possible value of n (A∩B∩C) is the
a= x + x + x... and b = x − x − x − ... least value amongst the value of n (A∩B),
n (B∩C) and n (A∩C).
a=x + a and b =x −b
13. Answer (98)
a2 =
x + a and b 2 =
x −b 99

a2 – b2 = a + b
A
x =1
x = A1 ∪ A2 ∪ A3 ∪ A4 ... ∪ A99

(a + b) (a – b – 1) = 0, a – b = 1 Since A1 ⊂ A2 ⊂ A3 ⊂ A4 ... ⊂ A99

⇒ Sx = 1 99

Similarly
∴ A
x =1
x = A99

Sy = 1  99 
15 ( Sx + Sy ) 15 × 2
⇒ n
 
 Ax  = n ( A99 ) = 99 − 1= 98

 x =1 
∴ = = 15
2 2 14. Answer (32)
9. Answer (96) Denote the desired total of alternating sums of an
n elements set with Sn. We are looking S4. Note
(2a + 1)2 – (2b + 1)2 = 4a2 + 4a + 1 – 4b2 – 4b – 1
that all alternating sums of an n element set are
= 4(a2 + a – b2 – b) also alternating sums of an (n + 1) elements set.
However, when we go from n to (n + 1) element
= 4(a (a + 1) – b (b + 1))
set for each subset with the new element we are
As we know product of two consecutive numbers adding the new element and subtracting one of
are always divisible by 2 the alternating sum of the n element set. There
are 2n subset of an (n + 1) element set that
∴ 4[a(a + 1) – b(b + 1)] is always divisible includes the new element, giving us following
by 4 × 2 i.e. 8. relationship
∴ K=8 Sn + 1 = Sn + 2n (n + 1) – Sn = 2n (n + 1)
For n = 3, this becomes S4 = 23 (3 + 1)
∴ 3
24 × 82 =
96 = 8 × 4 = 32
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15. Answer (01) 20. Answer (07)
Sum of coefficients of p(y) can be obtained by ab + a + b = 322
getting the value of p(1).
⇒ (a + 1) (b + 1) = 323 = 17 × 19 ...(i)
(15y15 – 11y + 1) p(y) = 2005y2005
and bc + b + c = 398
(15 – 11 + 1) p(1) = 2005
⇒ (b + 1) (c + 1) = 399 = 19 × 21 ...(ii)
2005
=
p(1) = 401 From (i) and (ii), we get
5
∴ Unit digit of sum of coefficient p(y) is 1 a + 1 = 17 b + 1 = 19 c + 1 = 21
16. Answer (03) a = 16 b = 18 c = 20
(x2 + 4x – 2)2 = (5x2 – 1)2 ⇒ abcd = 40320
2 2 2 2
(x + 4x – 2) – (5x – 1) = 0 40320
2 2 2 2
=
⇒ d = 7
(x + 4x – 2 + 5x – 1) (x + 4x – 2 – 5x + 1) = 0 abc
(6x2 + 4x – 3) (– 4x2 + 4x – 1) = 0 21. Answer (46)
⇒ 4x – 4x + 1 = 0
2 2
6x + 4x – 3 = 0 n has to be integer
D = 16 – 16 = 0 D = 16 + 72 = 88 (n + 42)2 < n2 + 84n + 1941 < (n + 45)2
Roots are equal and D>0
n2 + 84n + 1941 is a perfect square
real. Roots are distinct and
real n2 + 84n + 1941 = (n + 43)2 ...(i)
∴ Distinct numbers satisfying equation is 3. n2 + 84n + 1941 = (n + 44)2 ...(ii)
17. Answer (48) On solving (i) and (ii), we get
n 5
Since an = , an. an–1 = n n= , 46
an −1 4
For n = 2, 4 and 6, we get ∴ n = 46
a2 a1 = 2, a4a3 = 4 and a6a5 = 6 22. Answer (13)
⇒ a1a2a3a4a5a6 = 2.4.6 = 48 Since 12p + 1 is odd
18. Answer (35) Let 12p + 1 = (2a + 1)3
83 83
a83 = 6 + 8
12p + 1 = 8a3 + 12a2 + 6a + 1
a83 = (7 – 1)83 + (7 + 1)83
6p = a(4a2 + 6a + 3)
a83 = 2(783 + 3403 × 781 ... + 83 × 7)
We know that p is a positive odd integer since
On dividing a83 by 49 we find that all terms are
4a2 + 6a + 3 is an odd number
divisible except last term 2 × 83 × 7, on dividing
2 × 83 × 7 = 1162 by 49 we get 35 as remainder. ∴ a=6
1162 = 49 × 23 + 35 p = 4(6)2 + 6 × 6 + 3
19. Answer (04) = 183
According to question ∴ 3 12 p + 1= 3
12 × 183 + 1
n should be multiple of 5 and 3.
Any multiple of 5 end with 0 or 5. = 3 2197
∴ n should ends with ‘0’. = 13
Also sum of digits of n should be divisible by 3, 23. Answer (23)
hence 4 + 4 + 4 = 12 is only divisible by 3 as we
If N is 24% less than one integer,
can use only 4 or 0 as digits in ‘n’
∴ n = 4440 76 38
=
Let k, then N = k k
100 50
n 4440
⇒ = = 4 When N is 12% greater than another integer say m,
1110 1110
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 112 28 26. Answer (02)
=N = m m
100 25 −b
Sum of roots =
∴ k is divisible by 50 and m is divisible by 25 c

∴ 38k 28 Product of roots =

c
= m a
50 25
−b c
∴ 38k = 56m =
c a
56
k= m ⇒ b = –c
38
Sum of coefficients = a + b + c
28
= m = a + b – b ( b = –c)
19
=a
∴ m = 19 × 25 = 475, k = 700
∴ a=2
N = 532
27. Answer (06)
∴ N −=
3 532 − 3 n3 – n = (n – 1)(n)(n + 1) for all integral values of n
= 23 Since in a pair of consecutive integers, there is a
24. Answer (23) multiple of two and in a triplet of consecutive
integers, there is a multiple of three
f(x) + x2 = 0
∴ n3 – n is divisible by 6
f(–1) = –1
28. Answer (04)
f(2) = –4
f(0) = 7, f(2) = 9 and f(–3) = 49
f(–3) = –9
∴ 3a + 5b + 2c = (–2)2
f(4) = –16 =4
Since f(x) is a polynomial of degree 4 29. Answer (02)
f(x) + x2 = (x + 1)(x – 2)(x + 3)(x – 4) a and b are either 3k + 1 or 3k + 2
2
f(1) + 1 = (2)(–1)(4)(–3) Let a = 3k + 1, b = 3k + 2
⇒ f(1) = 23 a2 + b2 = 18k2 + 18k + 5
23 = 3(6k2 + 6k + 1) + 2
25. Answer (37) ∴ The remainder is 2
The prime factorisation of 12 is 22 × 3. 30. Answer (05)
2x + 3y = 763
∴ The 5 distinct integer factors must have some
negative numbers in them. 763 − 3 y
⇒ x=
There are two 2’s in the prime factorization, one 2
of them must be negative and other positive Since x is a positive integer
Distinct integer factors must be ∴ 763 – 3y must be a positive even integer, so
that y must be a positive odd integer such
–2, 2, 1, –1, 3
that 3y ≤ 763.
Taking a=5 There are 254 multiples of 3 less than 763, half of
b=6 which are odd 2 half are even.
c=7 ∴ N = 127
d=9 3
N −=
2 3
127 − 2
e = 10 =5

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