O&m Wa320-5l A32001-Up Ceam012202 PDF

CEAM012202
Operation and Maintenance

Manual
WA320-5L
WHEEL LOADER
SERIAL NUMBERS WA320-5L A32001 and UP
This material is proprietary to Komatsu America Corp. and is not to be reproduced, used, or disclosed except in accordance
with written authorization from Komatsu America Corp.
It is our policy to improve our products whenever it is possible and practical to do so. We reserve the right to make changes or
add improvements at any time without incurring any obligation to install such changes on products sold previously.
Due to this continuous program of research and development, periodic revisions may be made to this publication. It is recom-
mended that customers contact their distributor for information on the latest revision.
November 2008 Copyright 2008 Komatsu

Published in USA
Komatsu America Corp.
0INTRODUCTION
WA320-5L 0-1
INTRODUCTION
FOREWORD
This manual describes procedures for operation, handling, lubrication, maintenance, checking, and adjustment. It will help the
operator and maintenance personnel achieve peak performance through effective, economical and safe machine operation and
maintenance.
Keep this manual handy and have all personnel read it periodically. If this manual is lost, damaged or becomes dirty and
cannot be read, request a replacement manual from your local distributor.
If you sell the machine, be sure to give this manual to the new owner.
Continuing improvements in the design of this machine can lead to changes, which may not be reflected in this manual.
Consult your local KOMATSU distributor for the latest available information on your machine or for questions regarding
information in this manual.
This manual may contain attachments and optional equipment that are not available in your area. Consult your local
KOMATSU Distributor for those items that you may require.
Improper operation and maintenance of this machine can be hazardous and could result in serious injury
or death.
• Operators and maintenance personnel must read this manual thoroughly before operating or
maintaining this machine.
• This manual should be kept near or with the machine for reference and periodically reviewed by all
personnel who operate it.
• Some actions involved in operation and maintenance can cause a serious accident if they are not
performed in the manner described in this manual.
• The procedures and precautions given in this manual apply only to the intended uses of this machine.
If you use your machine for any unintended uses that are not specifically prohibited, you must be sure
that it is safe for you and others. In no event should you or others engage in prohibited uses or actions
as described in this manual.
• KOMATSU delivers machines that comply with all applicable regulations and standards of the country
to which it has been shipped. If this machine has been purchased in another country or purchased
from someone in another country, it may lack certain safety features and specifications that are
necessary for use in your country. If there is any question about whether your product complies with
the applicable standards and regulations of your country, consult your local distributor or Komatsu
before operating the machine.
• The safety description is given in SAFETY INFORMATION and in the SAFETY section 1.
★ Storage location for Operation and Maintenance

Manual is in the pocket (1) at rear of operators seat
back rest.
0-2 WA320-5L
INTRODUCTION
SAFETY INFORMATION
Most accidents are caused by failure to follow fundamental safety rules for the operation and maintenance of the machine. To
avoid accidents, read, understand and follow all precautions and warnings in this manual and on the machine before
performing maintenance and machine operations.
To identify safety messages in this manual and on machine product graphics, the following signal words are used:
DANGER! - This word is used on safety messages and product graphics where there is a high probability of serious injury or
death if the hazard is not avoided. These safety messages and product graphics usually describe precautions that
must be taken to avoid the hazard. Failure to avoid this hazard may result in serious damage to the machine,
injury or even death.
WARNING! - This word is used on safety messages and product graphics where there is a potentially dangerous situation,
which could result in serious injury or possibly death if the hazard is not avoided. These safety messages and
product graphics usually describe precautions that must be taken to avoid the hazard. Failure to avoid this
hazard may result in serious damage to the machine or possible injury.
CAUTION! - This word is used on safety messages and product graphics for hazards, which could result in minor or moderate
injury if the hazard is not avoided. These safety messages and product graphics might also use this word for
hazards where the only result could be damage to the machine.
Remark
This word is used for precautions that must be taken to avoid actions, which could shorten the life or damage
the machine.
Safety precautions are described in SAFETY section (1-1)

KOMATSU cannot predict every circumstance that might involve a potential hazard in operation and maintenance. Therefore
the safety message in this manual and on the machine may not include all possible safety precautions. If any procedures
oractions not specifically recommended or allowed in this manual are used, you must be sure that you and others can do such
procedures and actions safely and without damaging the machine or causing injury. If you are unsure about the safety of some
procedures, contact your local KOMATSU Distributor.
WA320-5L 0-3
INTRODUCTION
APPROVED AND NON-APPROVED USES
The Komatsu WHEEL LOADER described in this manual has been designed and constructed to be used mainly for the
following functions. Any non-approved use may void the warranty, damage the machine, or possibly injure the operator.
APPROVED FUNCTIONS
• Loading operations
• Excavating
• Grading
• Pushing
Installation of optional equipment can also be used in the following applications. Use only KOMATSU approved equipment.
• Handling of materials (bucket - pallet forks)
• Lifting of materials (extendable boom)
NON-APPROVED FUNCTIONS
This paragraph describes some of the improper or unauthorized uses of the machine.
It is impossible to predict all the possible improper uses. If the machine is used for any particular application other than those
approved in the Approved Functions list, it is important to contact your authorized Komatsu dealer before carrying out the
work operations.
• Use of machine for lifting or transporting personnel in any manner.
• Transportation of flammable liquids.
• Lifting, moving or transporting other machines with the front end loader.
• Towing other equipment with the tractor unit or work equipment.
• Using the loader as a hammer or for striking or driving objects.
• Towing the machine at high speeds
• Traveling at high speeds.
0-4 WA320-5L
INTRODUCTION
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
The serial numbers and model numbers on the components are the only numbers that your dealer will need when requiring
assistance or ordering replacement parts. It is a good idea to record this information in this manual on page 0-7 (Serial Number
And Dealer Information). All views indicated below are viewed from the operators sitting position.
MACHINE SERIAL NUMBER

The machine serial number is stamped on the right side center of the front frame.
WA320-5L 0-5
INTRODUCTION
ENGINE SERIAL NUMBER AND EMISSION LABEL
The engine serial number is on a plate located on the right side of the machine.
SERVICE METER LOCATION

The service meter is located in the center
bottom of the machine monitor bezel.
0-6 WA320-5L
INTRODUCTION
SERIAL NUMBERS AND DEALER INFORMATION
MODEL: WA320-5L
Machine #
Engine #
Dealer:
Address:
Phone #
Contacts:
NOTES:
WA320-5L 0-7
INTRODUCTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-2
SAFETY INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-3
APPROVED AND NON-APPROVED USES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-4
APPROVED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-4
NON-APPROVED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-4
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-5
MACHINE SERIAL NUMBER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-5
ENGINE SERIAL NUMBER AND EMISSION LABEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-6
SERVICE METER LOCATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-6
SERIAL NUMBERS AND DEALER INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-7
MODEL: WA320-5L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-7
TABLE OF CONTENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0-8
SAFETY
SAFETY AND WARNING DECALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

LOCATION OF THE SAFETY DECALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
DESCRIPTION OF SAFETY LABELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
SAFETY LABELS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
GENERAL SAFETY RULES AND PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
GENERAL SAFETY RULES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11
UNAUTHORIZED MODIFICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
GENERAL SAFETY AT JOB SITE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
WORKING ON LOOSE GROUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12
SAFETY FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13
FIRE AND EXPLOSION PREVENTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
FIRE CAUSED BY FUEL OR OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
FIRE CAUSED BY ACCUMULATION OF FLAMMABLE MATERIAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14
FIRE COMING FROM ELECTRIC WIRING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
FIRE COMING FROM HYDRAULIC LINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
ACTION IF FIRE OCCURS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
FIRE EXTINGUISHER AND FIRST AID KIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15
MOUNTING AND DISMOUNTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-16
INSIDE OPERATOR’S COMPARTMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
PRECAUTIONS WHEN STANDING UP FROM OPERATOR'S SEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING ROPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
EMERGENCY ESCAPE FROM OPERATOR'S CAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-17
LEAVING OPERATOR’S COMPARTMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
KEEP OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT CLEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18
DUST HAZARD PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
ASBESTOS HAZARD ALERT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
CRUSH OR PINCH POINT DANGERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19
PRECAUTIONS BEFORE STARTING OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
0-8 WA320-5L
INTRODUCTION
PRE-OPERATIONAL CHECKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
STARTING YOUR WORK OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20
WORK SITE HAZARDS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
AVOIDING DANGEROUS SITUATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21
WORKING CLEARANCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-22
RULES FOR ROAD TRAVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
TRAVELING IN REVERSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
TRAVELING ON ICY OR SNOW-COVERED SURFACES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
WORKING ON LOOSE OR UNSTABLE GROUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-24
TRAVEL ON SLOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-25
PARKING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-26
PRECAUTIONS DURING MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
WARNING TAGS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
EQUIPMENT STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-27
WORKING UNDER THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28
USING DROP LAMPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-28
KEEPING THE MACHINE CLEAN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29
RUNNING THE MACHINE DURING MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-29
RULES FOR REFUELING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-30
COOLING SYSTEM PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-30
BATTERY PRECAUTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-31
STARTING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-31
HIGH-PRESSURE HOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-32
SAFETY HANDLING HIGH-PRESSURE HOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-32
PRECAUTION FOR HIGH FUEL PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-32
HIGH TEMPERATURES AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-32
DISPOSAL OF WASTE MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-33
INFLATING TIRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-33
DISPOSAL OF WASTE MATERIALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-33
ACCUMULATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-34
CRITICAL PARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-34
HIGH VOLTAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-34
OPERATION
GENERAL VIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

INSIDE VIEW OF THE CAB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
DESCRIPTION OF ALERTS, GAUGES, AND MONITOR SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
STANDARD INSTRUMENT BEZEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
MACHINE MONITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
MACHINE MONITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
MONITOR SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
TESTING ACTUATION OF MACHINE MONITOR SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
TYPES OF WARNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
EMERGENCY STOP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
CAUTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
MISTAKEN OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
WA320-5L 0-9
INTRODUCTION
CENTRAL WARNING LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
CHARACTER DISPLAY PORTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
SERVICE METER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
ACTION CODE DISPLAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
FAILURE CODE DISPLAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
FILTER, OIL REPLACEMENT TIME DISPLAY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
EMERGENCY STOP ITEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
BRAKE OIL PRESSURE CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
ENGINE OIL PRESSURE CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
BATTERY CHARGE CIRCUIT CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
STEERING OIL PRESSURE CAUTION LAMP - RED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
CAUTION ITEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
AXLE OIL TEMPERATURE CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
PARKING BRAKE REMINDER CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
ENGINE COOLING WATER TEMPERATURE CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
FUEL LEVEL CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
WARNING/LIMIT FUNCTIONS FOR TRAVEL SPEED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
TRAVEL SPEED LIMIT FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ITEMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
RADIATOR COOLANT LEVEL CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
ENGINE OIL LEVEL CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
MAINTENANCE CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
HST OIL FILTER CLOG CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
AIR CLEANER CLOGGING CAUTION LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
PILOT DISPLAY PORTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
PARKING BRAKE PILOT LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
PREHEATING PILOT LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
EMERGENCY STEERING PILOT LAMP - GREEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
DIRECTIONAL LEVER POSITION PILOT LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
PILOT LAMP FOR SPEED RANGE SELECTOR SWITCH POSITION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
TURN SIGNAL PILOT LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
HEAD LAMP HIGH BEAM PILOT LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-24
METER DISPLAY PORTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
HST OIL TEMPERATURE GAUGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE GAUGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-25
FUEL GAUGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
SPEEDOMETER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
METER DISPLAY PILOT LAMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
OTHER FUNCTIONS OF MACHINE MONITOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
METHOD OF DISPLAYING ODOMETER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
RESET METHOD FOR FILTER, OIL REPLACEMENT TIME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
METHOD FOR SELECTING LANGUAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-28
METHOD OF SELECTING HST CHANGING FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
SWITCHES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
STARTING SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
SPEED RANGE SELECTOR SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
VARIABLE SHIFT CONTROL SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
TRACTION CONTROL SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
E.C.S.S. SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
0-10 WA320-5L
INTRODUCTION
LAMP SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
TURN SIGNAL LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
DIMMER SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
HORN BUTTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
HAZARD LAMP SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
FRONT WORKING LAMP SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
REAR WORKING LAMP SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
MONITOR PANEL MODE SELECTOR SWITCH 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
MONITOR PANEL MODE SELECTOR SWITCH 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
FRONT WIPER SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
REAR WIPER SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
CIGARETTE LIGHTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
ROOM LAMP SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
FAN REVERSE SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37
CONTROL LEVERS, PEDALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
DIRECTIONAL CONTROL LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
WORK EQUIPMENT LOCK LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
LIFT ARM CONTROL LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
BUCKET CONTROL LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-40
BRAKE PEDALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
ACCELERATOR PEDAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
PARKING BRAKE LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
STEERING TILT LOCK LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
SECURITY LOCKS AND SAFETY FEATURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
IGNITION KEY LOCKED AREAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
METHOD OF OPENING AND CLOSING CAP WITH LOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
METHOD OF OPENING AND CLOSING COVER WITH LOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
SAFETY BAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
TOWING PIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
GREASE PUMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
CAB DOOR INNER LOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
CAB DOOR OPEN LOCK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-45
CAB WINDOW OPEN LOCK CANCEL KNOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
FUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
FUSE CAPACITY AND NAME OF CIRCUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
SLOW-BLOW FUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
AUXILIARY POWER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
STORAGE BOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
AM/FM RADIO-CASSETTE STEREO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
RADIO OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
POWER SWITCH/VOLUME . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
AUTO-STORE/PRESET SCAN BUTTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
BASS CONTROL KNOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
TREBLE CONTROL KNOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
LOUDNESS BUTTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
TIME/RADIO DISPLAY SELECTOR BUTTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
TAPE EJECT BUTTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
CASSETTE DOOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-51
FAST FORWARD, REWIND BUTTONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
WA320-5L 0-11
INTRODUCTION
PRESET BUTTONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
METAL TAPE BUTTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
MANUAL TUNING BUTTONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
SEEK TUNING BUTTONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
BAND SELECTOR BUTTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
USING RADIO FEATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
USING AUTO PRESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
USING MANUAL PRESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
LISTENING TO RADIO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
LISTENING TO CASSETTE TAPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
REVERSING TAPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
PRECAUTIONS FOR RADIO OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-55
AIR CONDITIONER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
GENERAL LOCATIONS AND FUNCTION OF CONTROL PANEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
FAN SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
AIR CONDITIONER SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-56
MODE SELECTOR SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57
FRESH/RECIRC SELECTOR SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57
TEMPERATURE CONTROL SWITCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57
METHOD OF OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58
WHEN NOT USING THE AIR CONDITIONER REGULARLY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58
COOL BOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING THE COOLING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
HANDLING CAB WIPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
PREVENTING WIPER ARM BRACKET DAMAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
CHECK BEFORE STARTING ENGINE, ADJUST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
WALK-AROUND CHECK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
CHECK BEFORE STARTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
CHECK OIL LEVEL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, ADD OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
CHECK WATER SEPARATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
CHECK DUST INDICATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
CHECK COOLANT LEVEL, ADD COOLANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
CHECK INFLATION PRESSURE OF TIRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
CHECK ELECTRIC WIRING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
CHECK MONITOR PANEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
CHECK FUEL LEVEL, ADD FUEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-67
CHECK PARKING BRAKE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
CHECK BRAKE PEDAL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
ADJUSTING THE SEAT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
ADJUST BELT LENGTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
ADJUST REAR VIEW MIRROR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
OPERATIONS AND CHECKS BEFORE STARTING ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-71
STARTING ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
OPERATIONS AND CHECKS AFTER STARTING ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-75
BREAKING IN THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-75
NORMAL OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-75
STOPPING ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77
MOVING THE MACHINE (DIRECTIONAL, SPEED), STOPPING THE MACHINE . . . . . . 2-78
0-12 WA320-5L
INTRODUCTION
MOVING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-78
CHANGING DIRECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80
STOPPING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81
TURNING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
EMERGENCY STEERING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
OPERATION OF WORK EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
LIFT ARM OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
BUCKET OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84
WORK POSSIBLE USING WHEEL LOADER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
DIGGING OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
LOADING PILED SOIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
DIGGING AND LOADING ON LEVEL GROUND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86
LEVELING OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87
PUSHING OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87
LOAD AND CARRY OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87
LOADING OPERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88
CROSS-DRIVE LOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88
V-SHAPE LOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
PRECAUTIONS WHEN PILING UP LOADS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
PRECAUTIONS FOR OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
PERMISSIBLE WATER DEPTH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
IF WHEEL BRAKE DOES NOT WORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
PRECAUTIONS WHEN DRIVING UP OR DOWN SLOPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-90
LOWER THE CENTER OF GRAVITY WHEN TURNING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-90
BRAKING ON DOWNHILL SLOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-90
IF ENGINE STOPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-90
PRECAUTIONS WHEN DRIVING MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-90
ADJUSTING WORK EQUIPMENT POSTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-91
ADJUSTING BOOM KICKOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-91
ADJUSTING BUCKET POSITIONER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-92
BUCKET LEVEL INDICATOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-92
PARKING MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-93
CHECK AFTER STOPPING ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-94
CHECKS AFTER COMPLETION OF OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-94
LOCKING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-95
HANDLING THE TIRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-95
PRECAUTIONS WHEN HANDLING TIRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-95
TIRE PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-96
PRECAUTIONS FOR USING LOAD AND CARRY METHOD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-96
TRANSPORTATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-97
TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-97
LOADING, UNLOADING WORK WITH TRAILERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-97
LOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-97
SECURING MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-98
UNLOADING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-98
LIFTING MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-99
LOCATION OF LIFTING POSITION MARK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-100
WEIGHT TABLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-100
LIFTING PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-101
WA320-5L 0-13
INTRODUCTION
COLD WEATHER OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-102
PRECAUTIONS FOR LOW TEMPERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-102
FUEL AND LUBRICANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-102
COOLANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-102
BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-103
PRECAUTIONS AFTER COMPLETION OF WORK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-103
AFTER COLD WEATHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-103
STEERING HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT WARM UP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-104
LONG TERM STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-104
BEFORE STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-104
DURING STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-104
AFTER STORAGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-104
TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-105
WHEN MACHINE RUNS OUT OF FUEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-105
TOWING THE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-105
WHEN ENGINE CAN BE USED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-106
WHEN ENGINE CANNOT BE USED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-106
IF BATTERY IS DISCHARGED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-106
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-107
PRECAUTIONS FOR CHARGING BATTERY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-107
STARTING ENGINE WITH BOOSTER CABLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-108
OTHER TROUBLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-110
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-110
CHASSIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-111
ENGINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-113
MAINTENANCE
GUIDES TO MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

CHECK SERVICE METER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
KOMATSU GENUINE REPLACEMENT PARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
KOMATSU GENUINE OILS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
ALWAYS USE CLEAN WASHER FLUID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
ALWAYS USE CLEAN OIL AND GREASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
CHECKING FOR FOREIGN MATERIALS IN DRAINED OIL AND ON FILTERS . . . . . . . . . 3-2
FUEL STRAINER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
WELDING INSTRUCTIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
DO NOT DROP THINGS INSIDE MACHINE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2
DUSTY WORK SITES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
AVOID MIXING OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
LOCKING INSPECTION COVERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
BLEEDING AIR FROM HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
PRECAUTIONS WHEN INSTALLING HYDRAULIC HOSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
CHECKS AFTER INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3
OUTLINES OF SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
HANDLING OIL, FUEL, COOLANT, AND PERFORMING OIL CLINIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
FUEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
COOLANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4
0-14 WA320-5L
INTRODUCTION
GREASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
KOWA (Komatsu Oil Wear Analysis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
STORING OIL AND FUEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
FILTERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
OUTLINE OF ELECTRIC SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6
WEAR PARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
WEAR PARTS LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-7
FLUID USE ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
PROPER SELECTION OF FUEL, COOLANT, AND LUBRICANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-8
STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR BOLTS AND NUTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
TORQUE LIST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE CHART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
SERVICE PROCEDURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
INITIAL 250 HOURS SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
REPLACE HST FILTER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
REPLACE HYDRAULIC FILTER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
WHEN REQUIRED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
CLEAN BELLY PANS, FAN SOLENOID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
CHECK, CLEAN OR REPLACE AIR CLEANER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
CLEAN INSIDE OF COOLING SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
CHECK OIL LEVEL IN TRANSFER CASE, ADD OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
CHECK AXLE OIL LEVEL, ADD OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
CLEAN AXLE CASE BREATHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER CONDENSER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
CHECK WINDOW WASHING FLUID LEVEL, ADD FLUID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
CLEAN RADIATOR COOLING FINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
CHECK ELECTRICAL INTAKE AIR HEATER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
REPLACE BOLT ON CUTTING EDGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
REPLACE BUCKET TEETH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
CHECK AIR CONDITIONER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
REPLACE SLOW-BLOW FUSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28
SELECTION AND INSPECTION OF TIRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
EVERY 50 HOURS SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
DRAIN WATER, SEDIMENT FROM FUEL TANK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
EVERY 100 HOURS SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
LUBRICATE REAR AXLE PIVOT PIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER FRESH AIR FILTER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-31
CHECK OIL LEVEL IN HYDRAULIC TANK, ADD OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
CHECK BATTERY ELECTROLYTE LEVEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
CHECK PARKING BRAKE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35
CHECK AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR BELT TENSION, ADJUST . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35
CHECK FOR LOOSE WHEEL HUB BOLTS, TIGHTEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER RECIRCULATION FILTER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36
LUBRICATING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37
CHANGE OIL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, REPLACE ENGINE OIL FILTER CARTRIDGE . 3-38
REPLACE FUEL FILTER CARTRIDGE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
WA320-5L 0-15
INTRODUCTION
CLEAN WATER SEPARATOR STRAINER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40
EVERY 1000 HOURS SERVICE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
CHANGE OIL IN TRANSFER CASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
CLEAN TRANSFER CASE BREATHER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42
REPLACE HST OIL FILTER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43
REPLACE CORROSION RESISTOR CARTRIDGE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44
LUBRICATING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44
CHECK MOUNTING PARTS OF TURBOCHARGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45
CHECK PLAY OF TURBOCHARGER ROTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45
CHECK ALTERNATOR BELT TENSION, REPLACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45
CHANGE HYDRAULIC OIL AND FILTER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
REPLACE HYDRAULIC TANK BREATHER ELEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47
CHANGE AXLE OIL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
REPLACE AIR CONDITIONER RECIRCULATION AIR FILTER, FRESH AIR FILTER 3-48
CLEAN BRAKE CIRCUIT STRAINER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49
CHECK ALTERNATOR, STARTING MOTOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49
CHECK ENGINE VALVE CLEARANCE, ADJUST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49
CHECK BRAKE DISC WEAR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
CLEAN AND CHECK TURBOCHARGER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
CHECK ACCUMULATOR GAS PRESSURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
CHECK VIBRATION DAMPER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
LUBRICATING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
CHECK WATER PUMP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
SPECIFICATIONS
TECHNICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

STANDARD OVERALL DIMENSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
OPTIONs, ATTACHMENTS
SELECTING BUCKET AND TIRES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
METHOD OF USING 3 LEVERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
LIFT ARM CONTROL LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
BUCKET CONTROL LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
AUXILIARY CONTROL LEVER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
WASTE HANDLER ENGINE COOLING FAN CONTROL SYSTEM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
FAN SYSTEM OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
DIRECTION PUSH BUTTON . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
CONTROL BOX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
CLEANING RADIATOR AND COOLER FINS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
ROTATING THE FAN IN REVERSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
0-16 WA320-5L
SAFETY 1
WARNING!
Read and follow all safety precautions. Failure to do so may
result in serious injury or death.
This safety section also contains precautions for optional
equipment and attachments.
WA320-5L 1-1
SAFETY
SAFETY AND WARNING DECALS
It is important that all safety and warning decals are in place, not damaged, covered up, or removed. It is also important for the
operator to be aware of the decal content and location.
LOCATION OF THE SAFETY DECALS

• Your Komatsu Dealer can supply you with new replacement decals if the ones on the machine are damaged or missing.
• When replacing damaged or missing decals, be sure they are placed in the proper location.
• Additional safety or warning decals may be added to your machine, if desired.
1-2 WA320-5L
SAFETY
DESCRIPTION OF SAFETY LABELS

SAFETY LABELS
(1) Precaution before starting (09651-A0481).
Warning! Read the manual before operation, maintenance, disassembly, assembly,
and transportation.
(2) Precautions for safety lock lever (09654-C0481).

Sign indicates a hazard that a stopped machine may move.
• Lower the working device to the ground; move the safety lever to the LOCK
position; and take the engine key with you before leaving the machine.
WA320-5L 1-3
SAFETY
(3) Precautions when traveling in reverse (423-93-41150).
To prevent SEVERE INJURY or DEATH, do the following before
moving the machine or its attachments:
• Honk horn to alert people nearby.
• Be sure no one is on or near the machine.
• Use a spotter if view is obstructed.
Follow the above instructions even if the machine is equipped with

a backup alarm and mirrors.
(4) Precautions for going close to electric cables (09801-C0481).

Sign indicates an electrocution hazard if the machine is brought too
close to electric power lines.
• Keep a safe distance from electric power lines.
1-4 WA320-5L
SAFETY
(5) Do not enter (09162-23000).
Sign indicates a crush hazard between the articulating parts of
the vehicle.
(6) Precautions for safety bar (09161-2300).

Sign indicates a crush hazard between articulating parts
of the vehicle.
(7) Caution when canceling parking brake emergency (423-

93-41311).
If the switch is set to RELEASE, a serious accident could result, as
this operation releases the parking brake and the machine may move
off suddenly.
Never set the switch to RELEASE except when towing a disabled
machine.
Before towing such machine, read its manual carefully and be sure to
follow the instructions given therein.
WA320-5L 1-5
SAFETY
(8) Precautions when coolant is at high temperature (09653-03001).
Sign indicates a burn hazard from spurting hot water or oil if
the radiator or hydraulic tank is uncapped while hot.
• Allow the radiator or hydraulic tank to cool before remov-
ing the cap.
(9) Precautions when handling battery cables (09808-03000).

Sign indicates an electrical hazard from handling the cable.
Read the manual for safe and proper handling.
(10) High-pressure warning (09659-5300).

There is the hazard of explosion causing injury.
• Do not disassemble the accumulator, make holes in it,
weld it, cut it, hit it, roll it, or bring it near the flame.
(11) Do not climb on fender (09805-03000)

(Machines equipped with full rear fender)
Sign indicates a hazard of falling.
• Do not stand on this place.
1-6 WA320-5L
SAFETY
(12) Do not open when the engine is running (09667-03001).
Sign indicates a hazard of rotating parts, such as a belt.
• Turn OFF before inspection and maintenance.
(13) Do not open when the engine is running (09667-03001).

Sign indicates a hazard of rotating parts, such as a belt.
• Turn OFF before inspection and maintenance.
(14) Do not come near the machine (09812-13000).

Sign indicates a hazard of being run over by a moving
vehicle.
• Keep a safe distance from the vehicle when it is
moving.
WA320-5L 1-7
SAFETY
(15) Do not work on equipment (09807-C0883).
Sign indicates a crush hazard from the working device falling off.
• Keep away when the working device is raised.
(16) Do not modify ROPS (09620-A2000).

Do not drill, cut, bend, or modify ROPS in any way. If
damaged, replace the ROPS; do not repair.
(17) Jump start prohibited (09842-A0481).

Start the engine only after sitting in the operator’s seat.
• Do not attempt to start the engine by short circuiting the starter motor circuit;
serious injury may result.
1-8 WA320-5L
SAFETY
(18) Precautions for high temperature turbocharger (09817-A0753).
Sign indicates a burn hazard from touching heated parts, such
as the engine, motor, or muffler during or immediately after
operation.
• Allow the hydraulic tank to cool before removing the cap.
(19) Precautions for high temperature exhaust (09817-A0753).

Sign indicates a burn hazard from touching heated parts, such
as the engine, motor, or muffler during or immediately after
operation.
• Allow the hydraulic tank to cool before removing the cap.
(20) Caution for common rail high pressure (6217-71-93310).

Sign indicates extremely high fuel pressure in the system;
never loosen the injector lines when the engine is running.
WA320-5L 1-9
SAFETY
(21) Parking brake emergency cancel switch (423-93-41311).
Sign indicates proper procedure for releasing the parking brake dur-
ing an emergency situation.
(22) Escape (425093-51110).

Sign indicates the areas to escape from the machine in an emergency.
1-10 WA320-5L
SAFETY
GENERAL SAFETY RULES AND PRECAUTIONS
GENERAL SAFETY RULES

Only trained and authorized personnel should be allowed to operate and service this machine.
Before operating this machine, it is important to study the operator’s manual thoroughly and become familiar with all controls
and safety decals. Keep this manual with your machine at all times for easy and quick reference.
Safety must always be the operator’s most important concern. Never operate a machine that is unsafe or in poor operating
condition.
Always perform a pre-operational check on your machine before operating it.
If the machine is equipped with a seat belt and rollover protective structure, OSHA law requires that the operator remain
within the confines of the rollover protective structure, with the seat belt fastened snugly around his/her waist before operating
the machine.
OSHA law states that if your equipment is designed for operation by one person, it is for one person only. Never allow other
personnel to ride on your machine, in any manner.
Never leave your machine running and unattended. Always park the machine in a level area; lower any work equipment to the
ground; set the parking brake; lock the controls; and turn the engine off before exiting the operator’s compartment.
Be sure that all personnel are at least 12 m (40 ft) away from any point on the machine before moving or operating the
machine. Never allow anyone to stand near the machine while in operation. Remember: the larger the machine, the more
restricted your visibility.
If pedestrians are in the area, proceed slowly and sound your horn. Keep in mind that pedestrians have the right of way, and a
loaded or smaller machine has the right of way over an unloaded machine.
Never use your machine for tasks for which it was not designed; damage to the machine or injury to the operator may result.
Follow all safety rules, precautions, and instructions when operating or performing maintenance on the machine.
It is the owner’s and /or operator’s responsibility to replace any safety or warning decals if they are defaced or removed from
the machine.
Think before you act; study the job carefully. Careful operators and service personnel are the best insurance against accidents.
The operator of this machine must be alert, physically fit, and free from the influences of alcohol, drugs, or medications that
might affect his/her eyesight, hearing, or reactions.
When working with another person on a work site, or during traffic control, be sure all personnel involved understand all hand
signals that are to be used.
When leaving a job site for long periods of time, always lower all work equipment to the ground; neutralize work equipment
controls; and lock and secure your machine properly to avoid tampering by other personnel.
Never drive up to anyone standing in your path of travel. Always be sure that all personnel are standing to the side when you
approach them and that they acknowledge your approach.
Follow all rules relating to safety as outlined in this manual and by your company; never get involved in horseplay.
WA320-5L 1-11
SAFETY
UNAUTHORIZED MODIFICATIONS
If this machine is modified without permission from Komatsu, there is a danger that problems may occur with safety that may
lead to serious personal injury.
Modifications may have an adverse effect on items such as machine strength and visibility.
Before making any modifications, please consult your Komatsu distributor. Komatsu cannot take any responsibility for
accidents, failures, or damage caused by modifications not authorized by Komatsu.
GENERAL SAFETY AT JOB SITE

• Before starting operations, thoroughly check the area for any unusual conditions that could be dangerous.
• Know your location so you can report an accident or fire. In case of an emergency, have a local emergency phone number
available.
• Be careful when operating around or near open burning operations.
• Maintain the fire extinguisher on the machine and a second one at the job site.
• Keep the machine clean, especially from flammable materials such as trash, grease, oil, or fuel.
• Keep all safety equipment in good working condition.
• Check the terrain and condition of the ground at the worksite, and determine the safest method of operation.
• Do not operate where there is a hazard of landslides or falling rocks.
• If water lines, gas lines, or high-voltage electrical lines may be buried under the worksite, contact each utility company
and have them identify their locations.
• Take action to prevent unauthorized people from approaching the job site.
• When working on public roads, position flagmen and erect barriers to ensure the safety of passing traffic and pedestrians.
• When traveling or operating in shallow water or on soft ground, check the shape and condition of the bedrock, and the
depth and speed of flow of the water before starting operations.
• Conduct periodic safety training and familiarize all personnel with emergency procedures.
WORKING ON LOOSE GROUND

Avoid traveling or operating your machine too close to the edge of cliffs, overhangs, and deep ditches. The ground may be
weak in such areas. If the ground should collapse under the weight or vibration of the machine, there is a hazard that the
machine may fall or tip over.
Remember that the soil is loose after heavy rain, blasting, or earthquakes.
When working on embankments or near excavated ditches, there is a hazard that the weight and vibration of the machine will
cause the soil to collapse.
Before starting operations, take steps to ensure that the ground is safe and to prevent the machine from rolling over or falling.
1-12 WA320-5L
SAFETY
SAFETY FEATURES
Be sure all guards and covers are in place especially after servicing the machine.
Have guards or covers repaired immediately if they are damaged.

• See “STARTING ENGINE” on page 2-73.
Use safety equipment such as safety locks and seat belt properly.
Never remove any safety features. Always keep them in good operating condition.
Always secure the machine in a safe position.

• See “PARKING MACHINE” on page 2-93.
Check the seat belt.

• See “INSIDE OPERATOR’S COMPARTMENT” on page 1-17.
Improper use of safety features could result in serious bodily injury or death.
Be sure the machine has the correct equipment required by local rules and regulations.
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

If your machine is equipped with safety equipment, OSHA law requires
this equipment to be used when operating your machine.
Avoid loose fitting clothing, jewelry, and loose long hair. These can
catch on controls or in moving parts and cause serious injury.
Wear a hard hat, safety glasses, safety shoes, mask, or gloves when
operating or maintaining the machine.
Always wear safety goggles, hard hat, and heavy gloves, if your job
involves driving pins with a hammer or cleaning the air cleaner element
with compressed air.
Check to be sure no one is near your work area.
Check to be sure all personal protective equipment is in good condition

before using.
If you will be subject to loud noise, always wear ear protection.
WA320-5L 1-13
SAFETY
FIRE AND EXPLOSION PREVENTION
Fuel and oil are flammable. Fuel is particularly flammable and can be
hazardous. Always observe the following:
• Keep any open flames, airborne sparks, or burning embers away
from flammable fluids.
• Stop the engine and do not smoke when refueling.
• Tighten all fuel and oil caps securely.
• Refueling or adding oil should be made in well ventilated areas.
• Clean up any fluid spills.
FIRE CAUSED BY FUEL OR OIL

Fuel and oils are particularly flammable and can be hazardous.
To prevent fire, always observe the following:
• Do not smoke or use any flame near fuel or oil.
• Stop the engine before refueling.
• Do not leave the machine while adding fuel or oil.
• Tighten all fuel and oil caps securely.
• Always inspect around the entire fuel tank for leaks and seepage;
clean or repair if needed.
• Inspect fuel system for leak or seepage; this includes fuel lines, fil-
ters and injection system. Clean or repair if required.
• Do not spill fuel on overheated surfaces or on parts of the electrical
system.
• Use well-ventilated areas for adding or storing oil and fuel.
• Keep oil and fuel in the determined place and do not allow unauthorized persons to enter.
• After adding fuel or oil, wipe up any spilled fuel or oil.
• When carrying out grinding or welding work on the chassis, move any flammable materials to a safe place before starting.
• When washing parts with oil, use a non-flammable oil.
• Diesel oil and gasoline may catch fire; do not use them.
• Put greasy rags and other flammable materials into a safe container to maintain safety at the work place.
• Do not weld or use a cutting torch to cut any pipes or tubes that contain flammable liquids.
FIRE CAUSED BY ACCUMULATION OF FLAMMABLE MATERIAL

• Remove any dry leaves, wood chips, pieces of paper, wood dust, or any other flammable materials accumulated or affixed
around the engine, exhaust manifold, muffler, air cleaner, battery, or inside the undercovers.
• Be aware that operations such as logging, mulching, clearing, and landfill work may cause trash and debris to accumulate
on the machine. Always remove accumulated trash and debris on a daily basis.
• Clean the machine after servicing the hydraulic system, engine, or fuel system.
• Operations near burn piles or other open burning may cause airborne sparks or glowing embers to cause a fire on the
machine.
.
1-14 WA320-5L
SAFETY
FIRE COMING FROM ELECTRIC WIRING

Short circuits in the electrical system can cause fire.
Always keep electric wiring connections clean and securely tightened.
Check the wiring every day for looseness or damage to the wire insulation.
• Tighten any loose connectors or wiring clamps.
• Repair or replace any damaged, pinched, or chaffed wiring.
• After-market radios or other electrically operated equipment in the cab must be fused close to the power supply.
FIRE COMING FROM HYDRAULIC LINE

• Check that all the hose and tube clamps, guards, and cushions are securely fixed in position.
• If they are loose, they may vibrate during operation and rub against other parts. This may lead to damage to the hoses and
cause high-pressure oil to spurt out, leading to fire damage or serious injury.
• Check for oil leaks daily and repair them immediately.
WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID

• Use an automotive type washer fluid in the windshield washer system.
• Never use flammable fluids in the windshield washer system.
ACTION IF FIRE OCCURS

• If a fire occurs, escape from the machine as follows:
• Do not attempt to move the machine or continue operations.
• Turn the start switch OFF to stop the engine.
• Use the handrails and steps to get off the machine.
• Immediately call for help.
• When using a fire extinguisher, always aim the extinguisher at the base of the fire.
• If an optional fire extinguishing system is in place, be familiar with its operating procedures.
FIRE EXTINGUISHER AND FIRST AID KIT

As a precaution if a fire or an injury should occur, always keep a fire
extinguisher and first aid kit on your machine and do as follows:
• Be sure that the fire extinguisher is in good condition and read the
label on it to ensure that you know how to use it.
• Keep a first aid kit in the storage area. Check the kit periodically
and make any additions, if necessary.
• Keep a list of emergency phone numbers in case of an accident.
WA320-5L 1-15
SAFETY
MOUNTING AND DISMOUNTING
When mounting or dismounting this machine, always be sure the work
equipment is fully lowered to the ground and the engine is OFF.
Use all hand holds and step plates on your machine.
Never jump off or on to the machine.
Before getting on the machine, if there is any oil, grease, or mud on your
shoes, rails, steps, or platforms, wipe it off immediately; always keep
these areas clean and in good condition.
Never get on or off a moving machine. These actions may lead to seri-
ous injury. Always bring the machine to a full stop.
Be sure the machine is at a full stop, equipment lowered, and parking

brake set before entering or exiting machine.
When getting on or off the machine, always face the machine and main-
tain a Three-Point Contact (both feet and one hand or one foot and
both hands) with the handrails, steps, and platforms to ensure that you
support yourself properly.
When entering the cab and opening the cab door, push the door open
until it is securely into the door latch (1) and held in position. Use the
handrails on the inside of the door while entering or exiting the cab.
Never hold any control levers or the steering wheel when getting on or
off the machine.
1-16 WA320-5L
SAFETY
INSIDE OPERATOR’S COMPARTMENT
When entering the operator’s compartment, always remove mud and oil from the
soles of your shoes. If you operate the brake pedal with mud or oil on your shoes,
your foot may slip and may cause an accident.
After using the ashtray, make sure matches or cigarettes are properly extinguished and
be sure to close the lid. If the ashtray is left open, there is danger of fire. Do not leave
lighters or aerosol cans lying around the operator’s compartment. If the temperature
inside the operator’s compartment gets too high, there is danger that the lighter may
explode.
Do not stick suction pads to the window glass. Suction pads may act as a lens and
could cause fire. Do not use cellular telephones inside the operator’s compartment
when driving or operating the machine.
After-market radios or other electrically operated equipment in the cab must be fused close to the power supply.
Never bring any dangerous objects such as flammable or explosive items into the operator’s cab. To ensure safety, do not use
the radio or music headphones when operating the machine. Keep the operator’s compartment clean. Never allow trash or
tools to accumulate; these may hinder the operation of the controls or pedals.
When operating the machine, do not put your hands or head out of the window or beyond the protection of the ROPS.
Always use the seat belt provided with your machine. Be sure the seat belt is fastened snugly around your waist before operat-
ing the machine.
PRECAUTIONS WHEN STANDING UP FROM OPERATOR'S SEAT
When standing up from the operator's seat, lower the work equipment;
set work equipment lock lever (1) to Lock position (L) and parking
brake switch (2) to ON position; then stop the engine. If you touch the
control lever, the machine may suddenly move and cause serious per-
sonal injury or death.
PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING ROPS

The ROPS (Roll Over Protective Structure) must never be removed
from the machine. The ROPS is installed to protect the operator if the
machine should roll over. It is designed not only to support the load if
the machine should roll over, but also to absorb the impact of the energy.
The ROPS fulfills all the regulations and standards for all countries. If it is modified without authorization or is damaged, the
strength may be reduced and it may not able to fulfill its function properly. Never drill, cut, or modify the ROPS structure. If
the ROPS structure should become damaged in any way, replace it immediately. Do not make repairs to the ROPS structure
itself.
EMERGENCY ESCAPE FROM OPERATOR'S CAB

If the door of the cab does not open or if it is dangerous to get off the machine from the side where the door is located, release
the open lock of the right window and use the right window as an emergency escape route. See “CAB WINDOW OPEN
LOCK CANCEL KNOB” on page 2-46.
WA320-5L 1-17
SAFETY
LEAVING OPERATOR’S COMPARTMENT
The following procedures that must be followed when exiting the opera-
tor’s cab.
1. Park the machine in a level area and lower all work equipment to
the ground.
2. Engage the parking brake in the (LOCKED) position.
3. Place safety lock lever for loader control in the (LOCKED)

position.
4. Turn the engine OFF; remove ignition key; and keep the key with
you.
5. Use the key to lock and secure all the equipment locks. This will
prevent other unauthorized personnel from tampering with your
machine. Keep in mind that you are responsible for securing your
machine.
Remark
Never leave your machine running and unattended, even for a moment.
Work equipment posture: See “STOPPING THE MACHINE” on page 2-81 and See “PARKING MACHINE” on page 2-93.
Lock: See “LOCKING” on page 2-95.
KEEP OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT CLEAN

• When entering the operator's compartment, always remove all mud and oil from the soles of your shoes. If you operate the
pedal with mud or oil on your shoes, your foot may slip and this may cause an accident.
• Do not leave parts or tools lying around the operator's compartment.
• Do not use cellular telephones inside the operator's compartment when driving or operating the machine.
• Never bring any dangerous objects such as flammable or explosive items into the operator's cab.
1-18 WA320-5L
SAFETY
DUST HAZARD PRECAUTIONS
Dust can be hazardous to your health if inhaled. Komatsu does not
use asbestos in its products. There is a danger imitation products may
contain asbestos. If you have to handle materials containing asbestos
fibers or other dust materials during demolition operations, always do as
follows.
• Never use compressed air for cleaning.
• Use water to keep the dust down when cleaning.
• If there is a danger there may be asbestos dust in the air, operate the
machine with the wind to your back whenever possible.
• Use an approved respirator.
• Do not allow any other person into the area during operation.
ASBESTOS HAZARD ALERT

Asbestos dust in the air can cause lung cancer if it is inhaled. There is
danger of inhaling asbestos when working on job sites doing demolition
work or handling industrial waste. Always observe the following.
• Spray water to keep the dust down when cleaning. Do not use com-
pressed air for cleaning.
• If there is danger that there may be asbestos dust in the air, always
operate the machine from an upwind position. All workers should
use an approved respirator.
• Do not allow other persons to approach during the operation.
• Always observe the rules and regulations for the work site and
environmental standards.
CRUSH OR PINCH POINT DANGERS

Never stand in or place any part of your body between the movable
components such as the articulating portions of the machine or between
the machine’s work equipment.
Keep in mind that when the machine is operated, the clearance will
change; this may lead to serious personal injury or death.
Never drive up to anyone standing in front of a solid object or in your

travel path. The brakes could fail or the machine could slide on a slip-
pery surface causing injury or even death.
WA320-5L 1-19
SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS BEFORE STARTING OPERATIONS
As an operator of the machine, you are responsible for the safe operation of the machine at all times regardless of the
situation. Although KOMATSU cannot cover all operating conditions that pose a major hazard, here are a few basic situations
to avoid when using the wheel loader during work or travel operations. It is advisable to study these and always be aware of
them before starting your work operations. Failure to do so may result in damage to the machine or injury to the operator and
other personnel.
PRE-OPERATIONAL CHECKS
Before starting your work operations, it is important to perform a Pre-operational Check to be sure your equipment is in safe
operating condition. If any problems are found during your pre-operational check, have them repaired immediately. Never
operate a machine that is unsafe, damaged, or in need of repair. Failure to perform a pre-operational check before starting work
operations may result in damage to the machine or injury to the operator and other personnel.
Remark
It is important that a pre-operational check be performed at the beginning of your work shift, even if you are
taking the machine operations over from another operator. Always perform a pre-operational check before you
start work.
STARTING YOUR WORK OPERATIONS
• Before operating the machine, walk around it and check for people
or objects that might be in the way.
• Do not start the engine if warning tags have been attached to the
steering wheel or control levers.
• Sound your horn to warn others in the area before starting the
engine or moving the machine.
• Operate the machine in a seated position only, with the seat belt
fastened snugly around your waist.
• Do not allow anyone in the cab or on the machine during opera-
tions.
• Be sure all personnel are clear from your work site before starting
any work operations.
• Inspect for damaged hoses which may leak or spray fluids.
• Make sure the safety bar (1) is securely in place.
1-20 WA320-5L
SAFETY
WORK SITE HAZARDS
Before proceeding with any excavating or grading operations, it is
important to be aware of the hazards involved with this operation.
Below is a list outlining what to do to avoid some of these hazards.
• Before starting any excavating or grading operations,
contact all utility departments in your area and have them
identify and mark any underground system locations (gas
lines, water lines, electrical lines, sewer lines, etc.).
• Check your work area for any unusual ground conditions.
• Make sure your work area is as level as possible and you
will be able to maneuver your work equipment or machine
easily.
• If you will be working near a high traffic area (pedestrians or
cars), have a dedicated worker available to direct traffic or
install safety fencing around your work site.
• Always be aware of all your work site dangers or distractions.
• Operations such as logging, mulching, land clearing, or landfill
operations may cause trash and debris to accumulate on the
machine. Remove debris or trash on a daily or more frequent basis, as necessary, to prevent fire.
• Always clean trash from the exhaust system compartments. The hot exhaust compartments may cause fire from contact
with flammable material.
• Remove any leaves, wood chips, paper, wood, dust, or anything accumulated around the engine that could catch fire.
AVOIDING DANGEROUS SITUATIONS

Avoid traveling with the bucket raised. Raising the bucket raises the
center of gravity on the machine. Traveling with a raised bucket,
especially a loaded bucket, may result in loss of control or a rollover
situation. Never raise the bucket unless the machine is stopped.
When the bucket is raised and loaded, never make sharp turns or stop
the machine suddenly; this may cause the machine to tip forward.
WA320-5L 1-21
SAFETY
Always handle unstable loads carefully; avoid tipping the bucket back
or raising the load too high. Be sure to operate the work equipment care-
fully and keep the load as close to the ground as possible.
Do not use the bucket or lift arms as a crane. The object you are lifting
may swing or shift causing the machine to tip, sway or possibly roll
over.
Never work under overhangs or excavated bank areas. These could

collapse and damage the machine or injure the operator.
WORKING CLEARANCES
It is always a good idea to be aware of your clearances around, in
front, behind, and especially above your work area or travel route.
Some basic safety precautions to prevent risk are:

• When working or traveling in an area where clearances are a
problem, travel at a slow cautious speed.
• If you are not sure of your clearances, request the aid of another
person who can guide or warn you if you get too close to objects.
1-22 WA320-5L
SAFETY
• Be aware of the dangers when working around overhead
electrical lines. High humidity may pose an electrical hazard even
if your machine clears the overhead power lines.
• If your machine should come in contact with overhead electrical
lines, stop the machine and remain on the machine until the
power company clears the lines and it is safe to get off or move
the machine.
• If low power lines pose a greater hazard, ask the power company
to remove the lines until your work is finished.
Cable Voltage Min. Safe Distance

6.6kV 3m 10 ft.
66.0kV 5m 16 ft.
275kV 10 m 33 ft.
500kV 11 m 36 ft.
WA320-5L 1-23
SAFETY
RULES FOR ROAD TRAVEL
Traveling with your machine may pose some hazards. When traveling, always travel in a safe manner and remain alert at
all times. A safety-conscious operator is the most important insurance when traveling with the machine. Below are situations
and information the operator should be aware of:
1. Raise the loader bucket to a safe travel height of 40-50 cm

(16-20 in) from the ground. Lock the loader control levers using
the safety lock equipped with the machine.
2. Obey all traffic rules when traveling on local and state roads.
Always travel at a safe controllable speed.
3. Never turn the ignition key off when traveling. If the engine stops,
apply the brakes and stop the machine immediately.
4. Always be aware of your clearances and road surface. Some

areas may not support the weight of your machine. Plan your
route in advance. If necessary, obtain the aid of an escort to lead
or prepare your travel route.
5. Never travel at high speeds; loss of control or tire damage may result.
TRAVELING IN REVERSE
Traveling in reverse may pose several hazards. Below is a list of some
basic rules to follow when traveling in reverse:
• Be sure the area behind you is clear of people or objects that
might be in the way.
• Before moving your machine, sound the horn to warn others in your
area that you are moving.
• When operating in areas that may pose a hazard or have poor
visibility, designate a person to direct your movements.
• Do not rely totally on you machine’s mirrors; keep in mind that
there are blind spots when using the mirrors.
TRAVELING ON ICY OR SNOW-COVERED SURFACES

If the ground is icy or covered with snow, the response of the machine to the movements of the steering wheel may not be
as precise as expected. To limit the risk resulting from reduced maneuverability, proceed as follows:
• Travel at a slow safe speed. Avoid rapid accelerations or breaking.
• Remember your stopping distances are reduced during slippery conditions.
WORKING ON LOOSE OR UNSTABLE GROUND

To limit the risk when working in these areas:
• Avoid operating the machine too close to the edge of a cliff, open trenches, or ditch lines. These areas may collapse
under the weight of your machine, causing serious damage to the machine or injury to the operator.
• Keep in mind that after a heavy rain or thaw, the surface conditions become worse and less stable.
1-24 WA320-5L
SAFETY
TRAVEL ON SLOPES
Traveling on slopes may pose a hazard. In order to prevent tipping the
machine or losing control, it is important to follow some basic simple
rules:
• Never turn the ignition key off when traveling up or down a slope.
If the engine should stop, apply the brakes and stop the machine
immediately.
• When traveling over rough ground, travel at a slow controllable
speed.
• When traveling up or down slopes with an empty bucket, it is

important to travel at a safe controllable speed with the bucket set
in position (A) 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 in) above the ground.
• When traveling up or down a slope with a load, always keep the

bucket 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 in) above the ground and the load
facing the top of the hill.
• Never travel up or down a slope with the load facing the bottom of
the hill. Loss of control may result when the brakes are applied.
WA320-5L 1-25
SAFETY
• Always travel straight up or straight down a slope; traveling at an
angle on a slope may cause the machine to tip or possibly roll over.
PARKING THE MACHINE

When parking the machine, it is important to follow several basic safety
rules. Keep in mind that you are responsible for the security of the
machine when it is parked. Below is a list of some basic rules to follow
when parking your machine.
1. Always park the machine on a flat, level location away from mov-
ing equipment, pedestrians, or traffic.
2. Lower all work equipment to the ground and neutralize all controls.
3. Remove the ignition key; set the parking brake in the “PARK”
mode; and lock the controls.
See “LEAVING OPERATOR’S COMPARTMENT” on page 1-18.
Be sure all access panels, cab, fuel and oil tanks are locked and
secure to prevent tampering with the machine while unattended.
4. Avoid parking the machine on a slope of any kind. If you must park
on a slope, park with the bucket facing down the slope and the
wheels blocked to prevent any movement of the machine.
1-26 WA320-5L
SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS DURING MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS
All maintenance performed on this machine must be performed only by trained and authorized personnel. When
performing maintenance, it is important to follow the maintenance procedures and safety information outlined in
this manual and in the Shop Manual for this machine.
WARNING TAGS
For machines equipped with the Electronically Controlled
Suspension System (ECSS), be sure the system is off before proceeding
with any maintenance procedures.
Before performing any maintenance operations on this machine, posi-

tion the machine on a level and firm surface.
Lock the equipment controls; remove the ignition key; and tag the
steering wheel.
Alert all personnel in your area that the machine is down for
maintenance. If necessary, tag the machine around specific
points to warn others that this machine is down for maintenance.
If the machine will be down for maintenance for a long period of

time, be sure to check and see if the warning tags are still in place
before you start your repair procedures the next day.
EQUIPMENT STORAGE
Always store optional or extra work equipment in a safe and secure
location.
Do not store flammable liquids or materials for any length of time.
WA320-5L 1-27
SAFETY
Store equipment in such a way that it cannot fall or cause injury to
others.
WORKING UNDER THE MACHINE

Always use approved jack stands to support the machine when perform-
ing maintenance under the chassis.
Never rely on hydraulic jacks or the machine’s work equipment to sup-

port the machine when working under or on the machine.
Always lower the work equipment to the ground after raising the
machine for repairs.
When carrying out maintenance or repairs with the bucket raised,

always support the bucket safely with the proper support (1) as shown in
the illustration.
USING DROP LAMPS

Use only approved anti-explosion (explosion-proof) lamps when check-
ing fuel, oil, or batteries. Non-approved lamps can cause an explosion or
fire.
1-28 WA320-5L
SAFETY
KEEPING THE MACHINE CLEAN
Never use flammable liquids to clean your machine. Use only
approved non-flammable cleaning solvents to clean parts or the
machine itself.
Avoid using high-pressure steam cleaners or caustic soaps to wash

the machine, if possible. Steam cleaning or using caustic soaps may
damage paint, wiring, or sensitive electrical components.
Never use high-pressure water or flood the inside of the operator’s cab.
Doing so may damage sensitive electrical components.
When pressure washing, use high-pressure hot water and mild grease
cutting soaps.
Always grease the machine after cleaning to push any water out of the pivot point connections.
Remove trash daily or more often as necessary. Never allow trash to accumulate on the machine.
RUNNING THE MACHINE DURING MAINTENANCE

If during maintenance the engine must be run, have someone remain in
the operator’s seat while the engine is running. This is a safeguard in
case the engine must be shut down quickly.
Be sure all work equipment is LOCKED and the ECSS system is off.
For machines equipped with the Electronically Controlled Suspension

System (ECSS), be sure the system is off before proceeding with any
maintenance procedures.
Set the parking brake in the LOCK mode and instruct the person sitting
in the cab not to operate any controls unless instructed to do so.
WA320-5L 1-29
SAFETY
Always lock the front and rear frames with the safety bar (1).
Be aware of rotating parts while the engine is running.
RULES FOR REFUELING THE MACHINE

Always clean up any spills. Grease, fuel, oil, or coolant spills can pose
a trip hazard if not mopped up immediately.
Be sure you are adding the correct fluids to the proper location. Mixing
fluids can cause damage to internal components.
When refueling or adding any fluids, be sure you are in a well-ventilated

area. Never smoke or allow open flames near you while you are refuel-
ing the machine.
Never mix gasoline with diesel fuel. Gasoline is extremely flammable

and could cause an explosion. Do not fill the fuel tank completely; leave
room for the fuel to expand.
COOLING SYSTEM PRECAUTIONS

Never add coolant to a hot or warm engine. Always allow the engine
time to cool down completely before opening the radiator cap.
Never dump used coolant on the ground, in a lake, stream, or in a sewer

system. EPA Law requires these fluids to be captured and recycled prop-
erly. Failure to do so is in violation of the law.
1-30 WA320-5L
SAFETY
BATTERY PRECAUTIONS
When working on the electrical system, disconnect the negative (-)
battery cable first then the positive (+) battery cable last.
On completion of work, reconnect the positive (+) cable first then the
negative (-) cable last.
When using jumper cables to start the machine as shown below, hook
the positive (+) jumper up first, then the negative (-) jumper last to a
remote location on the chassis.
STARTING THE MACHINE

Never try to start the machine by tampering or shorting the starter terminals. Acciden-
tal movements of the machine could cause injury or even death.
Always start the machine seated in the operator’s cab using the ignition switch.
See “STARTING ENGINE WITH BOOSTER CABLE” on page 2-108.
• Never use a welder or a machine with a higher voltage system to jump start the machine. Using a
higher voltage to jump-start a machine may damage the machine’s electrical system or cause an unex-
pected explosion or fire.
• Always jump-start a machine with one of equal voltage.
• Never allow the machines to touch each other.
WA320-5L 1-31
SAFETY
HIGH-PRESSURE HOSES
The hydraulic system is always under internal pressure. When inspect-

ing or replacing piping or hoses, always check that the pressure in the
hydraulic circuit has been released. If the circuit is still under pressure, it
will lead to serious injury; so always do as follows.
• Do not carry out any inspection or replacement work when the
hydraulic system is under pressure.
• If there is any leakage from the piping or hoses, the surrounding
area will be wet; check for cracks in the piping and hoses and for
swelling in the hoses.
• When carrying out inspection, wear safety glasses and leather

gloves.
• There is a hazard that high-pressure oil leaking from small holes
may penetrate your skin or cause blindness if it contacts your eyes
directly. If you are hit by a jet of high-pressure oil and suffer injury
to your skin or eyes, wash the place with clean water, and consult a
doctor immediately for medical attention.
SAFETY HANDLING HIGH-PRESSURE HOSES

If oil or fuel leaks from high-pressure hoses, it may cause fire or
defective operation, which may lead to serious injury. If any loose bolts
are found, stop work and tighten to the specified torque. If any damaged
hoses are found, stop operations immediately and contact your Komatsu
distributor.
• Replace the hose if any of the following problems are found.
• Damaged or leaking hydraulic fitting
• Frayed or cut covering or exposed reinforcement wire layer
• Covering swollen in places
• Twisted or crushed movable portion
• Foreign material embedded in covering
PRECAUTION FOR HIGH FUEL PRESSURE

High pressure is generated inside the engine fuel piping when the engine is running. When carrying out inspection or
maintenance of the fuel piping system, wait for at least 30 seconds after stopping the engine to let the internal pressure go
down before starting inspection or maintenance. Never loosen a fuel injector line while engine is running; severe injury may
result from the high pressure fuel spray.
HIGH TEMPERATURES AREAS

When you stop the machine at the end of a job, remember the engine
coolant, oil, all engine parts, exhaust stack, and the hydraulic system is
still hot and under pressure. If you attempt to drain engine coolant,
hydraulic fluid, or engine oil under these conditions, you expose your-
self to various dangers, including the risk of serious burns.
Carry out maintenance procedures described in this manual only

when the machine has had time to cool down.
1-32 WA320-5L
SAFETY
DISPOSAL OF WASTE MATERIALS
Never dump waste fluids in a sewer system, on the ground, in rivers,
etc.
Always drain fluids from your machine into the appropriate containers.
Never drain fluids directly onto the ground.
Obey appropriate laws and regulations when disposing of harmful

objects such as oil, fuel, filters, batteries, coolant, brake fluid, and
hydraulic oil.
INFLATING TIRES
Always bear in mind that tires can burst while being inflated, causing
serious accidents. Before servicing the tires, observe the following
precautions:
• Before inflating tires, always check the wheel rims, tire walls, and
tread for cuts, broken cords, or other damage.
• Have a tire expert perform checks and tire maintenance.
• When inflating tires, use a protective cage and a compressed air
gun with extension hose and pressure gauge.
• Make sure there is nobody in the vicinity before starting to inflate
a tire. Stand at the tread side of the tire to inflate it.
WA320-5L 1-33
SAFETY
ACCUMULATOR
This machine is equipped with an accumulator charged with
high-pressure nitrogen gas. Before servicing the accumulator,
observe the following precautions:
• Do not disassemble the accumulator.
• Do not expose the accumulator to high heat or an open flame.
• Do not weld on the accumulator.
• Do not drill or cut the accumulator.
• Do not strike or crush the accumulator.
• When replacing or disposing of the accumulator, always release
the nitrogen pressure from the chamber.
CRITICAL PARTS
Periodically some parts must be replaced due to safety purpose. Even if
these parts seem to be in good condition and operating properly, they
may fail at some point causing possible injury to the operator or pedes-
trian. Listed are some of the systems containing these components that
may fail after extended use:
• Seat belts
• Fuel supply and delivery hoses
• Hydraulic system: main delivery hoses and tubing
• Hydraulic hoses: all the hoses that feed and return the hydraulic
fluid to and from the work equipment
For additional information: See “PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS” on page 3-11.
HIGH VOLTAGE
When the engine is running or immediately after it has stopped, high
voltage is generated at the injector terminal and inside the engine
controller. There is danger of electrocution.
Never touch the injector terminal or the inside of the engine controller.
If it is necessary to touch the injector terminal or the inside of the
engine controller, please contact your Komatsu distributor.
1-34 WA320-5L
2OPERATION
WA320-5L 2-1
OPERATION
GENERAL VIEW
1. Bucket 8. Turn Signal Lamp

2. Tilt Lever 9. Head Lamp
3. Front Wheel 10. Lift Cylinder
4. Bucket Cylinder 11. Lift Arm
5. Front Working Lamp 12. Rear Working Lamp
6. ROPS Cab 13. Rear Combination Lamp
7. Rear Wheel
2-2 WA320-5L
OPERATION
INSIDE VIEW OF THE CAB
1. Parking Brake Lever 10. Head Lamp/Turn Signal/Dimmer Switch 19. Traction Control Switch
2. Rear Wiper Switch 11. Monitor Mode Select Switch 1 20. E.C.S.S. Switch (if equipped)
3. Front Wiper Switch 12. Monitor Mode Select Switch 2 21. Safety Lock Lever
4. Front Work Lamp 13. Cigarette Lighter 22. Accelerator Pedal
5. Rear Work Lamp 14. Bucket Control Lever 23. Brake Pedal
6. Hazard Lamp Switch 15. Lift Arm Control Lever 24. Air Conditioner (if equipped)
7. Directional Lever 16. Variable Shift Control Switch 25. Radio (if equipped)
8. Horn Switch 17. Speed Range Selector Switch 26. Room Lamp Switch
9. Steering Wheel 18. Ignition Switch 27. Fan Reverse Switch (if equipped)
WA320-5L 2-3
OPERATION
DESCRIPTION OF ALERTS, GAUGES, AND MONITOR SYSTEM
Before operating the machine it is important to understand all the functions equipped with your machines monitor.
Operating the machine without knowledge of all the alert systems may damage the machine, property, or possibly cause
injury to the operator. Below is a description of all monitoring functions.
STANDARD INSTRUMENT BEZEL
A. Character And Code Display E. Mode Alert Lamps
B. Emergency Stop Warning System F. Gauge Display
C. Caution Lamps G. Central Warning Lamp
D. Inspection And Maintenance Alerts
2-4 WA320-5L
OPERATION
MACHINE MONITOR
1. Pilot Lamp (for Speed Range Selector Switch Position) 12. Parking Brake Pilot Lamp
2. Steering Oil Pressure Caution Lamp 13. Brake Oil Pressure Caution Lamp
(Emergency Steering Device) 14. Parking Brake Reminder Caution Lamp
3. Emergency Steering Pilot Lamp 15. Axle Oil Temperature Caution Lamp
(Emergency Steering Device) 16. Radiator Coolant Level Caution Lamp
4. Preheating Pilot Lamp 17. Maintenance Caution Lamp
5. Directional Lever Position Pilot Lamp 18. HST Oil Filter Clogging Caution Lamp
6. HST Oil Temperature Gauge 19. Battery Charge Circuit Caution Lamp
7. Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge 20. Engine Oil Pressure Caution Lamp
8. Speedometer 21. Central Warning Lamp
9. Turn Signal Pilot Lamp 22. Meter Display Pilot Lamp
10. Head Lamp High Beam Pilot Lamp 23. Character Display
11. Fuel Gauge
WA320-5L 2-5
OPERATION
EXPLANATION OF COMPONENTS
The following is an explanation of the devices needed for operating the machine.
To ensure safe and correct operation, it is important to understand fully the methods of operating the equipment and the mean-
ings of the displays.
MACHINE MONITOR
A. Character Display E. Pilot Display

B. Emergency Stop Items F:. Meter Display
C. Caution Items G. Central Warning Lamp
D. Inspection and Maintenance Items
2-6 WA320-5L
OPERATION
MONITOR SYSTEM
TESTING ACTUATION OF MACHINE MONITOR SYSTEM
When the starting switch is in the ON position before starting the engine,
lamps (1) and (3), in the diagram on the right, illuminate for approximately
three seconds and the alarm buzzer sounds for approximately three sec-
onds.
After three seconds all lamps, except lamps (2) and (3), go out.
Lamps (2) and (3) go out after the engine starts.
If any lamps do not illuminate, there is probably a failure or a disconnec-
tion so please ask your Komatsu distributor to carry out inspection.
• Lamp (3) illuminates only for the emergency steering device.
When the starting switch is turned ON, if the directional lever is not at the
neutral position, the central warning lamp illuminates and the alarm buzzer
sounds intermittently. If this happens, return the directional lever to the
neutral position. The lamp will go out and the buzzer will stop.
WA320-5L 2-7
OPERATION
TYPES OF WARNING
If an abnormality occurs on the machine, or if any switch or lever is oper-
ated accidently, the monitor display and buzzer give a warning to inform
the operator.
Following are the types of warnings, depending on the level of danger.
For details of action codes E03 to E00, see “ACTION CODE DISPLAY”
on page 2-10.
EMERGENCY STOP
This warning is given if there is a serious failure that affects the normal
operation of the machine or if the setting is incorrect.
The central warning lamp on the monitor and the caution lamp for the loca-
tion of the abnormality illuminate and, at the same time, the alarm buzzer sounds and action code “E03” is displayed on char-
acter display (1).
CAUTION
This warning is given if the cooling water or lubricating oil overheat.
The central warning lamp on the monitor and the individual caution lamps illuminate and, at the same time, the alarm buzzer
sounds and action code “E02” is displayed on character display (1).
MISTAKEN OPERATION
This warning is given if any switch or lever is operated by mistake.
The central warning lamp on the monitor illuminates and the alarm buzzer sounds at the same time. In addition, if the travel
speed is too high, action code “E00” is displayed on character display (1).
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE

This warning is given if it is necessary to carry out inspection and maintenance of wear parts, or if it is necessary to check the
oil or cooling water level.
The individual caution lamp on the monitor illuminates and, at the same time, action code “E01” is displayed on character dis-
play (1).
In the case of this warning, the central warning lamp does not illuminate and the alarm buzzer does not sound.
CENTRAL WARNING LAMP

This display portion (1) illuminates if any emergency stop item, caution
item, or mistaken operation of any switch or lever occurs. At the same
time, the alarm buzzer sounds.
Check the content of the display and carry out the specified action for the
item.
2-8 WA320-5L
OPERATION
CHARACTER DISPLAY PORTION
1. Service Meter 3. Failure Code Display

2. Action Code Display 4. Filter, Oil replacement Time Display
Normally, the service meter is displayed on the character display.

If the machine has failed, or if there has been excessive load on the machine, or if it is necessary to carry out inspection and
maintenance, an action code is displayed to recommend suitable action.
When the time for replacing the filter or changing the oil is reached, after completion of the system check with the starting
switch at the ON position, the maintenance monitor caution lamps flash or illuminate, and at the same time, the filter or oil to
be replaced is displayed.
Remark
Information regarding the failure of the machine or maintenance is displayed on the character display when the
starting switch is at the ON position. Check the display to confirm that there is no abnormality before starting to
travel.
SERVICE METER
This meter (1) shows the total time that the machine has been operating.
While the engine is running, the service meter advances even if the
machine is not moving.
The meter advances by one for every hour of operation, regardless of the
engine speed.
Even if the starting switch is at the OFF position, the service meter will dis-
play as long as the top part () of monitor panel mode selector switch 1 is
being pressed.
Remark
If the starting switch is at the OFF position and the service meter
is displayed even though the top () of monitor panel mode
selector switch 1 is not being pressed, there is probably a failure
in the machine. Please contact your Komatsu distributor for inspection.
WA320-5L 2-9
OPERATION
ACTION CODE DISPLAY
If action code E03 is displayed, stop the machine immediately and check the failure code. For details, see
“FAILURE CODE DISPLAY” on page 2-11.
Inform your Komatsu distributor of the failure code and ask for repairs.
If there is a failure on the machine, or it is necessary to change the method of operation, or if inspection or maintenance must
be carried out, action code E00, E01, E02, or E03 is displayed on the character display in display portion (3).
If different failures occur at the same time, the action code for the more serious problem is displayed.
The level of seriousness is as follows, starting with the most serious: E03, E02, E01, E00.
In the case of action codes E00, E02, and E03, the alarm buzzer sounds intermittently and the central warning lamp illumi-
nates.
If action codes E00, E01, E02, or E03 are displayed on the character display, stop operations, check the content of the display,
and take the following action.
E03: When this code is displayed, stop the machine immediately, check the
failure code, and contact your Komatsu distributor for repairs.
Remark
“E03 CALL” is displayed on the character display, and then
“CHECK RIGHT NOW” and “E03 CALL” are displayed in turn for
three seconds each.
E02: If overrun related information is displayed, reduce the engine speed

and the speed of the machine while continuing operations.
If the overheat related display is given, stop the machine and run the engine
under no load at a mid-range speed.
If an action code is still displayed after doing this, check the failure code
and contact your Komatsu distributor for repairs.
Remark
E02 is displayed on the character display, and then the condi-
tion of the machine related to the overheating or overrun is dis-
played in turn with E02 for three seconds each.
E01: When a failure occurs in the mechanical system, such as a drop in the
level of the engine cooling water, the maintenance location is displayed. If
the maintenance caution lamp illuminates at the same time, carry out
inspection and maintenance of the item indicated after completion of the
day's work or when changing shifts. If “MAINTENANCE” is displayed
together with E01, check the failure code and ask for repairs to be carried
out.
Remark
E01 is displayed on the character display, and then “MAINTE-
NANCE” or the part of the machine requiring inspection, filling of
fluid, or replacement is displayed on the bottom line.
2-10 WA320-5L
OPERATION
E00: If travel speed overrun is displayed, ease the accelerator pedal back to
reduce speed.
Remark
E00 is displayed on the character display, and then “OVERRUN
PREVENTION” and E00 are displayed in turn for three seconds
each.
FAILURE CODE DISPLAY

If an action code is displayed on the character display, check the failure code according to the failure code display method
given below.
When contacting your Komatsu distributor to request repairs, please inform your distributor of the failure code.
Method of displaying failure code
1. If an action code is displayed on the character display of display por-

tion (3), press the top (>) of monitor panel mode selector switch 2 (A).
The action code will change to the failure code.
• The failure code is displayed with the first six digits on the left
side of the character display.
• The code displayed after the space on the right side of the failure
code indicates the controller that detected the failure code.
• The failure code and the component causing the failure are dis-
played on the character display in turn for three seconds each.
Top Right Code Controller Detecting Failure Code
MON Machine monitor
HST HST controller
2. Press the top (>) of monitor panel mode selector switch 2 (A) again.
If the condition is normal, the service meter is displayed for several seconds, then the display returns to the action code.
If more than one failure has occurred at the same time, the next failure code is displayed.
WA320-5L 2-11
OPERATION
FILTER, OIL REPLACEMENT TIME DISPLAY
After completion of the system check and when the starting switch is in the
ON position, if any filter or oil item is approaching the replacement time,
this display (4) shows the item for approximately 30 seconds. When this
happens, the maintenance caution lamp also flashes or illuminates.
After replacing the filter or changing the oil, reset the time for replacement.
For details, see “RESET METHOD FOR FILTER, OIL REPLACEMENT
TIME” on page 2-27.
Remark
• The ID number and item name of the item needing replacement are displayed on the character display, and
then the remaining time to replacement and the number of times of replacement are displayed in turn for three
seconds each.
• If the replacement time has already passed, a minus (-) sign appears before the time.
• After the display has been given for 30 seconds, it does not appear again until the starting switch is turned to
the ON position.
• The message in the illustration above is not shown on the character display if an action code is being dis-
played.
• If there are two or more items to be displayed, they are displayed repeatedly in turn. If there are more than 10
items, all the items are displayed once each, then the display returns to the normal display.
• The display appears when there is 30 hours remaining until the filter or oil replacement time. If the replace-
ment time has passed, a minus (-) sign appears before the time for the first 999 hours. When more than 999
hours have passed, the display is no longer given.
• The maintenance caution lamp flashes as the replacement time approaches, and after the replacement time
has passed, it illuminates.
Items for display of filter, oil replacement time
Item Replacement Interval (H) Character Display ID Number
Engine oil 500 ENG OIL 01
Engine oil filter 500 ENG FILT 02
Fuel filter 500 FUEL FILT 03
Transfer oil 1000 TRANSF OIL 25
HST oil filter 1000 HST FILT 26
Hydraulic filter 2000 HYD FILT 04
Hydraulic oil 2000 HYD OIL 10
Axle oil 2000 AXLE OIL 15
2-12 WA320-5L
OPERATION
Remark
See the section below for details of the procedure for replacing the filter and oil.
Engine oil
“CHANGE OIL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, REPLACE ENGINE OIL FILTER CARTRIDGE” on page 3-38
Engine oil filter

“CHANGE OIL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, REPLACE ENGINE OIL FILTER CARTRIDGE” on page 3-38
Fuel filter
“REPLACE FUEL FILTER CARTRIDGE” on page 3-39
Transfer oil
“CHANGE OIL IN TRANSFER CASE” on page 3-41
HST oil filter

“REPLACE HST OIL FILTER ELEMENT” on page 3-43
Hydraulic filter
“CHANGE HYDRAULIC OIL AND FILTER ELEMENT” on page 3-46
Hydraulic oil
“CHANGE HYDRAULIC OIL AND FILTER ELEMENT” on page 3-46
Axle oil
“CHANGE AXLE OIL” on page 3-48
WA320-5L 2-13
OPERATION
EMERGENCY STOP ITEMS
If these lamps illuminate and the buzzer sounds, stop operations immediately and carry out inspection and
maintenance of the applicable location.
If any abnormality is found in the emergency stop items, the alarm buzzer will sound intermittently, and the lamp for the loca-
tion of the abnormality and the central warning lamp will illuminate.
At the same time, “E03 CALL” and “CHECK RIGHT NOW” are displayed on the character display in turn. Stop the machine
immediately in a safe place, then stop the engine and carry out inspection.
1. Brake Oil Pressure Caution Lamp 4. Steering Oil Pressure Caution Lamp
2. Engine Oil Pressure Caution Lamp (Emergency Steering Device)
3. Battery Charge Circuit Caution Lamp
BRAKE OIL PRESSURE CAUTION LAMP

This lamp (1) illuminates when the brake oil pressure goes below the spec-
ified value.
During checks before starting (starting switch at the ON position, engine

stopped) the lamps are illuminated, and when the engine is started, the
lamps go out.
During operation (engine running)

If the brake oil pressure goes down during operation, the brake oil pressure
caution lamp and central warning lamp illuminate and the alarm buzzer
sounds intermittently.
At the same time, “E03 CALL” and “CHECK RIGHT NOW” are dis-
played on the character display in turn. Stop the machine immediately in a
safe place, then stop the engine and carry out inspection.
If the brake oil pressure caution lamp illuminates, the footbrake may not work so keep the parking brake applied to prevent the
machine from moving.
Keep the parking brake applied to prevent the machine from moving until the brake pressure becomes normal and the brake oil
pressure caution lamp goes out.
2-14 WA320-5L
OPERATION
ENGINE OIL PRESSURE CAUTION LAMP
This lamp (2) illuminates to warn the operator that the engine lubricating
oil pressure has dropped.

lamps go out.

If the engine lubricating oil pressure goes down during operation, the
engine lubricating oil pressure caution lamp and central warning lamp illu-
minates and the alarm buzzer sounds intermittently.
BATTERY CHARGE CIRCUIT CAUTION LAMP

This lamp (3) illuminates when the engine is running to warn the operator
that an abnormality has occurred in the charging circuit.

stopped) the lamps are illuminated. When the engine is started, the lamps
go out.

If an abnormality occurs in the charging circuit during operation, the bat-
tery charge circuit caution lamp and central warning lamp illuminate and
the alarm buzzer sounds intermittently.
STEERING OIL PRESSURE CAUTION LAMP - RED

(Emergency steering device)
This monitor (4) glows red to warn the operator that the steering oil pres-
sure has dropped.

lamps go out.

If the steering oil pressure goes down during operation, the steering oil
pressure caution lamp and central warning lamp illuminate and the alarm
buzzer sounds intermittently.
played on the character display in turn. Stop the machine immediately in a safe place, then stop the engine and carry out
inspection.
WA320-5L 2-15
OPERATION
CAUTION ITEMS
If these lamps illuminate, stop operations quickly and carry out the following action.
1. Axle Oil Temperature Caution Lamp 4. Engine Cooling Water Temperature Caution Lamp
2. Parking Brake Reminder Caution Lamp 5. Fuel Level Caution Lamp
3. HST Oil Temperature Caution Lamp
AXLE OIL TEMPERATURE CAUTION LAMP

This lamp (1) illuminates to warn the operator that the brake oil tempera-
ture has risen.
During checks before starting (when the starting switch is turned to the ON
position but the engine is not started), this monitor does not illuminate.

In continuous heavy-duty operations or when traveling long distances
downhill where the brake is used frequently, the axle oil temperature
becomes high, so the axle oil temperature caution lamp and central warning
lamp illuminate and the alarm buzzer sounds intermittently.
At the same time, E02 and “BRAKE OVERHEAT” are displayed on the
character display in turn. Take the following action.
1. Release the accelerator pedal and move the speed range selector switch down one range to reduce the travel speed.
2. Avoid using the brake.
• Do not keep the brake pedal depressed continuously; use the brake only intermittently.
If use of the brake is reduced for a short time in the way recommended above, the axle oil temperature will go down and the
caution lamp will go out.
2-16 WA320-5L
OPERATION
PARKING BRAKE REMINDER CAUTION LAMP
This lamp (2) illuminates when the engine is stopped but the parking brake
is not applied.
At the same time, the central warning lamp illuminates and the alarm
buzzer sounds intermittently.
When the parking brake is applied, the lamp goes out and the buzzer stops.
HST OIL TEMPERATURE CAUTION LAMP

This lamp (3) illuminates to warn the operator that the HST oil temperature
has risen.

When the HST oil temperature goes up, the HST oil temperature caution
lamp and central warning lamp illuminate, and the alarm buzzer sounds
intermittently.
At the same time, E02 and “HST OVERHEAT” are displayed on the char-
acter display in turn. Stop the machine and run the engine at a midrange
speed under no load until the lamp goes out.
ENGINE COOLING WATER TEMPERATURE CAUTION LAMP

This lamp (4) illuminates to warn the operator that the engine cooling
water temperature has risen.

If the engine cooling water temperature rises, the engine cooling water
temperature caution lamp only will illuminate.
If the water temperature rises further, the central warning lamp will illumi-
nate and the alarm buzzer will sound intermittently.
At the same time, E02 and “ENGINE OVERHEAT” are displayed on the
character display in turn. Stop the machine and run the engine at a
midrange speed without load until the lamp goes out.
WA320-5L 2-17
OPERATION
FUEL LEVEL CAUTION LAMP
This monitor (5) illuminates if the amount of fuel remaining in the fuel
tank goes below 31 liters (8.19 US gal).
If it illuminates, check and add fuel as soon as possible.
Even if the caution lamp illuminates, action code E02 is not displayed on
the character display.
WARNING/LIMIT FUNCTIONS FOR TRAVEL SPEED

When the travel speed goes above 40.0 km/h (24.9 MPH), the central warn-
ing lamp illuminates and the alarm buzzer sounds.
At the same time, E00 is displayed on the character display, and then
“OVERRUN PREVENTION” and E00 are displayed in turn for three sec-
onds each.
If the alarm buzzer sounds, ease the accelerator pedal back and reduce
speed.
TRAVEL SPEED LIMIT FUNCTION

The travel speed is automatically controlled so that it does not go above approximately 42 km/h (26.1 MPH).
2-18 WA320-5L
OPERATION
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE ITEMS
If these lamps illuminate, stop operations quickly and carry out the following action.
1. Radiator Coolant Level Caution Lamp 3. HST Oil Filter Clogging Caution Lamp
2. Maintenance Caution Lamp
RADIATOR COOLANT LEVEL CAUTION LAMP

This lamp (1) illuminates to warn the operator that the coolant level in the
radiator has gone down.
position but the engine is not started), this monitor illuminates if the cool-
ant level in the radiator is low.
At the same time, E01 and “COOLANT LOW” are displayed on the char-
acter display in turn. Check the coolant level in the radiator sub-tank, and
add coolant.

If the coolant level in the radiator becomes too low, the radiator coolant
level caution lamp will illuminate.
At the same time, E01 and “COOLANT LOW” are displayed on the character display in turn. Stop the engine, check the cool-
ant level in the radiator sub-tank, and add coolant.
WA320-5L 2-19
OPERATION
ENGINE OIL LEVEL CAUTION LAMP
This monitor (1) illuminates to warn the operator that the oil level in the engine
oil pan has gone down.
position but the engine is not started), this monitor illuminates if the oil level in
the engine oil pan is low and, at the same time, the “E01 ENG OIL LEV LOW”
is displayed on the character display. Do not start the engine. Check the oil level
in the engine oil pan and add oil.
Remark
During checks before starting, if the engine is started with the engine
oil level caution lamp lit up, the lamp will stay lit.

If the oil level in the engine oil pan becomes too low, the engine oil level caution lamp will illuminate and at the same time, the
“E01 ENG OIL LEV LOW” is displayed on the character display. Stop the engine, check the oil level in the engine oil pan,
and add oil.
2-20 WA320-5L
OPERATION
MAINTENANCE CAUTION LAMP
If the caution monitor lamp illuminates, repair the problem as soon as possible.
When the time for filter and oil change is reached, this lamp (2) flashes or
illuminates for approximately 30 seconds after completion of the system
check when the starting switch is at the ON position.
Remark
The maintenance caution lamp flashes when there is less than
30 hours to the replacement time. After the replacement time
has passed, it stays on.
For details of the items covered by filter and oil replacement, see “FILTER,
OIL REPLACEMENT TIME DISPLAY” on page 2-12.
After replacing the filter or changing the oil, reset time for the replacement.
For details, see “RESET METHOD FOR FILTER, OIL REPLACEMENT
TIME” on page 2-27.
HST OIL FILTER CLOG CAUTION LAMP

When the engine is running, this lamp (3) illuminates if the HST oil filter is
clogged.

This illuminates if the HST oil filter is clogged.
At the same time, E01 and “HST OIL FILTER” are displayed on the char-
acter display in turn. Replace the oil filter.
Remark
The lamp may illuminate in cold temperatures, but it should go out when the HST oil temperature gauge indica-
tor enters the white range.
AIR CLEANER CLOGGING CAUTION LAMP

This lamp (3) illuminates to warn the operator that the air cleaner is clogged.
If the air cleaner becomes clogged, the air cleaner clogging caution lamp will
illuminate, and at the same time, the “E01 AIR FILTER” is displayed on the
character display. Stop the engine and clean or replace the element.
Remark
It is possible to check the extent of clogging of the air cleaner with
the dust indicator installed at the side of the air cleaner.
WA320-5L 2-21
OPERATION
PILOT DISPLAY PORTION
When the starting switch is ON, the pilot display illuminates when the display items are functioning.
1. Parking Brake Pilot Lamp 4. Directional Lever Position Pilot Lamp

2. Preheating Pilot Lamp 5. Pilot Lamp for Speed Range Selector Switch Position
3. Emergency Steering Pilot Lamp 6. Turn Signal Pilot Lamp
(Emergency Steering Device) 7. Head Lamp High Beam Pilot Lamp
PARKING BRAKE PILOT LAMP

This lamp (1) illuminates when the parking brake is applied.
PREHEATING PILOT LAMP

This lamp (2) illuminates when the engine preheating electric heater is
actuated.
In cold weather, when the starting switch is turned to the ON position, this
lamp illuminates; when the preheating is completed, it goes out.
The preheating time differs according to the engine water temperature.
2-22 WA320-5L
OPERATION
EMERGENCY STEERING PILOT LAMP - GREEN
(Emergency steering device) This lamp (3) illuminates when the emer-
gency steering is being actuated.
If the engine stops when the machine is traveling or an abnormality occurs
in the steering oil pressure circuit and the machine is traveling, the emer-
gency steering is automatically actuated and the lamp illuminates.
If the lamp illuminates, move the machine immediately to a safe place, stop
the engine, and check the condition.
DIRECTIONAL LEVER POSITION PILOT LAMP

This lamp (4) indicates the position of the directional lever.
F illuminates: FORWARD
N illuminates: NEUTRAL
R illuminates: REVERSE
PILOT LAMP FOR SPEED RANGE SELECTOR

SWITCH POSITION
This lamp (5) indicates the position of the speed range selector switch.
TURN SIGNAL PILOT LAMP

When the turn signal lamp flashes, this lamp (6) also flashes.
Remark
If there is a disconnection in the turn signal lamp, the flashing
interval becomes shorter.
WA320-5L 2-23
OPERATION
HEAD LAMP HIGH BEAM PILOT LAMP
This lamp (7) illuminates when the head lamp is at high beam.
2-24 WA320-5L
OPERATION
METER DISPLAY PORTION
1. HST Oil Temperature Gauge 4. Speedometer

2. Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge 5. Meter Display Pilot Lamp
3. Fuel Gauge
HST OIL TEMPERATURE GAUGE

This meter (1) indicates the HST oil temperature.
During normal operations, the indicator should be in the white range (A).
If the indicator enters red range (B) during operations, caution lamp (C)
inside the HST oil temperature gauge illuminates. At the same time, the
central warning lamp illuminates and the alarm buzzer sounds. In addition,
E02 and “HST OVERHEAT” are displayed on the character display in
turn.
Run the engine at a midrange speed under no load and wait for the indica-
tor to return to the white range (A).
ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE GAUGE

This meter (2) indicates the engine coolant temperature.
During normal operations, the indicator should be in the white range (A).
If the indicator enters red range (B) during operations, caution lamp (C)
inside the engine coolant temperature gauge illuminates. At the same time,
the central warning lamp illuminates and the alarm buzzer sounds. In addi-
tion, E02 and “ENGINE OVERHEAT” are displayed on the character dis-
play in turn.
Run the engine at a midrange speed under no load and wait for the indica-
tor to return to the white range (A).
WA320-5L 2-25
OPERATION
FUEL GAUGE
This meter (3) indicates the amount of fuel remaining in the fuel tank.
If the indicator is at the F position, it indicates that the tank is full.
If the indicator is at the E position, it indicates that there is little fuel
remaining. When the amount of remaining fuel goes below 26 liters
(6.87 US gal), caution lamp (A) inside the fuel gauge illuminates.
If it illuminates, check the fuel level and add fuel.
SPEEDOMETER
This meter (4) indicates the travel speed of the machine.
METER DISPLAY PILOT LAMP

This lamp (5) displays the unit for the travel speed.
2-26 WA320-5L
OPERATION
OTHER FUNCTIONS OF MACHINE MONITOR
The machine monitor also has the following functions:
• Odometer
• Filter/oil replacement time reset
• Language selection
• HST selector function
METHOD OF DISPLAYING ODOMETER

Use this when checking the total distance that the machine has traveled.
Check that the character display is showing the service meter or the action
code. If it is giving any other display, turn the starting switch OFF, then
turn the starting switch to the ON position and wait for the above display to
be given.
Press the () of monitor panel mode switch 1 (page 35 in this section).
Odometer is displayed.
When completing the operation, press () of monitor panel mode selector
switch 1 or turn the starting switch OFF.
RESET METHOD FOR FILTER, OIL REPLACEMENT TIME

The filter and oil replacement time is displayed on the character display. If
the filter and oil have been replaced, reset the filter and oil change time.
1. Press the () of monitor panel mode selector switch 1 and display the
odometer.
2. Press (>) or (<) of monitor panel mode selector switch 2 (page 35) and
display “MAINTENANCE MONITOR.”
3. Press the () of monitor mode selector switch 1.

The item is displayed, and then the replacement interval is displayed in
the center and the number of times of replacement is displayed on the
right in turn for three seconds each.
4. Press the (>) or (<) of monitor panel mode selector switch 2 to display
the item (filter or oil) which has reached replacement time.
WA320-5L 2-27
OPERATION
[RESET] and [YES <> NO] are displayed in turn.
6. When resetting the replacement time, press (>) or (<) of monitor panel
mode selector switch 2, align the cursor with “YES” then press () of
machine monitor mode selector switch 1. It will reset and return to the
previous screen.
To abort, align the cursor with “NO” then press () of monitor panel
mode selector switch 1.
7. When resetting the replacement time for another item, carry out the
procedure from Step 4. After completing, press () of monitor panel
mode selector switch 1 twice or turn the starting switch OFF.
METHOD FOR SELECTING LANGUAGE

Use this when switching the language displayed on the character display.
The available languages are English, Japanese, German, French, Italian, Spanish, and Swedish.
The following explanation is for when English is set as the language for the character display.
1. Press the () of monitor panel mode selector switch 1 and display the
odometer.
2. Press (>) or (<) of monitor panel mode selector switch 2 and display
“LANGUAGE.”
3. Press the () of machine mode panel selector switch 1. The presently
selected language is displayed.
4. Press (>) or (<) of monitor panel mode selector switch 2 and select the
language.
5. After selecting the language, press the () of monitor mode selector switch 1. This confirms the language. To abort, press
the () of monitor mode selector switch 1.
6. When completing the operation, press () of monitor panel mode selector switch 2 twice or turn the starting switch OFF.
2-28 WA320-5L
OPERATION
METHOD OF SELECTING HST CHANGING FUNCTION
When the speed range is in 3rd, there are two selections available for HST. Use the following procedure when changing the
selection.
• The HST selection is only possible when the travel speed selector switch is in 3rd.
The following two selections are available.
A: F3, R3 (default setting)
B: F3, R2
1. Press the () of monitor panel mode selector switch 1 and display the odometer.
2. Press (>) or (<) of monitor panel mode selector switch 2 and display
“SELECT HST.”
3. Press the () of monitor mode selector switch 1. The present HST
selection is displayed.
4. Press the (<) or (>) of monitor mode selector switch 2 and align the
cursor with A or B.
The HST selection is confirmed and the screen returns to the previous
screen.
6. When completing the operation, press () of monitor panel mode
selector switch 2 twice or turn the starting switch OFF.
WA320-5L 2-29
OPERATION
SWITCHES
1. Starting Switch 8. Hazard Lamp Switch

2. Speed Range Selector Switch 9. Front Working Lamp Switch
3. Variable Shift Control Switch 10. Rear Working Lamp Switch
4. Directional Selector Switch 11. Monitor Panel Mode Selector Switch1
5. Directional Selector Actuation Switch 12. Monitor Panel Mode Selector Switch 2
6. E.C.S.S. Switch (if equipped) 13. Front Wiper Switch
6. Lamp Switch 14. Rear Wiper Switch
6. Turn Signal Lever 15. Cigarette Lighter
7. Horn Button 16. Room Lamp Switch
17. Fan Reverse Switch (if equipped)
STARTING SWITCH
This switch (1) is used to start or stop the engine.
OFF position
In this position, it is possible to insert or remove the starting switch key. All
the electric system switches are off, and the engine will stop.
ON position
In this position, electric current flows to the charging circuit, lamp circuit,
and accessory circuit.
Keep the starting switch key at the ON position while the engine is run-
ning.
START position
This is the position to start the engine. Hold the key at this position while cranking. Release the key immediately after the
engine has been started. The key will return to the ON position when released.
2-30 WA320-5L
OPERATION
SPEED RANGE SELECTOR SWITCH
Use this switch (2) to switch the speed range.
Use 1st and 2nd for operations, and 3rd and 4th for travel.
Position (a): 1st
Position (b): 2nd
Position (c): 3rd
Position (d): 4th
VARIABLE SHIFT CONTROL SWITCH

When the speed range is in 1st, it is possible to use this dial (3) to set the
maximum speed as desired.
Turn the dial to the right to increase the setting; turn it to the left to
decrease the setting.
The conditions for use may differ according to the condition of the road
surface.
Installed Tire Max. Speed [km/h (MPH)]
Standard tire (20.2-25) 4.0 - 13.0 (2.5 - 8.1)
WA320-5L 2-31
OPERATION
TRACTION CONTROL SWITCH
When this switch (4) is turned on, the directional selector switch is actu-
ated.
Position (a): ON - The Traction control is actuated.
Position (b): OFF - The Traction control is turned off.
Remark
Traction control is effective in preventing the tires from slipping dur-
ing light duty operations.
E.C.S.S. SWITCH
• If the machine is traveling or the work equipment is raised, the moment the E.C.S.S. switch is turned
ON, the work equipment will move.
• If operations are carried out with the E.C.S.S. switch at the ON position, the moment the E.C.S.S.
switch is operated, the work equipment may move.
• Never turn the E.C.S.S. switch ON during inspection or maintenance. The work equipment will move
and this will create a dangerous situation.
Remark
Always stop the machine and lower the work equipment to the ground before operating the E.C.S.S. switch.
When carrying out inspection and maintenance, first lower the work equipment to the ground, then turn the
E.C.S.S. switch OFF before starting the inspection and maintenance operation.
When carrying out leveling work, turn the E.C.S.S. switch OFF.
The E.C.S.S. is a device that uses the hydraulic spring effect of an accumulator to absorb the vibration of the chassis during
travel and allows the machine to travel smoothly and at high speed.
This switch (5) is used to turn the E.C.S.S. ON and OFF.
Position (a): ON - The pilot lamp (A) illuminates and the E.C.S.S. is actu-
ated.
Position (b): OFF - The E.C.S.S. is not actuated.
Remark
The travel damper is automatically actuated when the travel
speed becomes more than 6 km/h (3.7 MPH); when the travel
speed goes below 5 km/h (3.1 MPH), it is automatically disen-
gaged (when 20.5-25 tires are used).
2-32 WA320-5L
OPERATION
LAMP SWITCH
This switch (6) is used to illuminate the front lamps, side clearance lamps,
tail lamps, and instrument panel.
Position (a): OFF (Lamps go out)
Position (b): Side clearance lamps, tail lamps, and instrument panel illumi-
nate.
Position (c): Head lamps illuminate in addition to lamps at (b) position.
Remark
The lamp switch can be operated regardless of the position of the lever.
TURN SIGNAL LEVER

This switch (6) is used to operate the turn signal lamp.
Position (a): LEFT TURN (Push lever FORWARD.)
Position (b): OFF
Position (c): RIGHT TURN (Pull lever BACK.)

Remark
When the lever is operated, the pilot lamp turn signal pilot lamp
also flashes.
When the steering wheel is turned back, the lever automatically
returns to the original position. If it does not, return it manually.
DIMMER SWITCH
This switch (6) is used to switch the head lamps between high beam and
low beam.
Position (a): Low beam
Position (b): High beam
HORN BUTTON
When the horn button (7) in the center of the steering wheel is pressed, the
horn sounds.
WA320-5L 2-33
OPERATION
HAZARD LAMP SWITCH
Use the hazard lamp only in emergencies. Using the hazard lamp when traveling may cause confusion for
other machine operators.
This switch (8) is used in emergencies, such as when the machine breaks
down and has to be parked on the road.
Position (a): Direction indicator lamp and directional indicator pilot lamp
flash, and pilot lamp (A) illuminates at the same time.
Position (b): Lamps go out.
FRONT WORKING LAMP SWITCH
Always turn the working lamp off before traveling on public roads.
This switch (9) is used to illuminate the front working lamp.
Position (a): Working lamp and pilot lamp (A) illuminate.
Position (b): Working lamp goes out.
Remark
If the lamp switch is not at the ON position for the side clearance
lamp or head lamp, the working lamp will not illuminate.
2-34 WA320-5L
OPERATION
REAR WORKING LAMP SWITCH
Always turn the working lamp off before traveling on public roads.
This switch (10) is used to illuminate the rear working lamp.
Position (a): Working lamp and pilot lamp (A) illuminate.
Position (b): Working lamp goes out.
Remark
If the lamp switch is not at the ON position for the side clearance
lamp or head lamp, the working lamp will not illuminate.
MONITOR PANEL MODE SELECTOR SWITCH 1

This switch (11) is used to switch the function of the character display.
When the switch is released, it automatically returns to its original position.
The basic operation is as follows.

Position (): Press here to select (confirm) each mode or operation.
Position (): Press here to cancel each mode or operation.
MONITOR PANEL MODE SELECTOR SWITCH 2

This switch (12) is used to switch the function of the character display.
When the switch is released, it automatically returns to its original position.
The basic operation is as follows.
Position (>): Press here to go on to the next screen, or to move the cursor
forward, or to increase the number when entering numerals.
Position (<): Press here to go back to the previous screen, or to move the
cursor back, or to reduce the number when entering numerals.
WA320-5L 2-35
OPERATION
FRONT WIPER SWITCH
When rotary switch (A) of the switch (14) is turned, the front wiper moves.
If push button (B) is pressed, washer liquid sprays out onto the front glass
while the button is being pressed.
Position (a): (OFF) Stop
Position (b): (INT) Intermittent wiper
Position (c): Low-speed wiper
Position (d): High-speed wiper
REAR WIPER SWITCH

When lever (C) of this switch (15) is turned, the rear wiper moves.
Position (a): Washer liquid is sprayed out.
Position (b): OFF.
Position (c): Wiper is operated.
Position (d): Washer liquid is sprayed out; wiper is operated.
CIGARETTE LIGHTER
This is used to light cigarettes.
After cigarette lighter (15) is pushed in, it will return to its original position
after a few seconds, then you may pull it out and light a cigarette.
ROOM LAMP SWITCH

The switch (16) is used to turn the room lamp ON and OFF.
Position (a): OFF.
Position (b): Illuminates when the cab door opens.
Position (c): Illuminates.
Remark
The room lamp illuminates even when the main switch is OFF.
When leaving the operator's compartment, turn the switch to
position (a) (OFF) or (b).
When operating with the cab door fully open, set the switch to
position (a) (OFF).
2-36 WA320-5L
OPERATION
FAN REVERSE SWITCH
This switch is used to control the direction of the cooling fan. If equipped,
this switch controls the reversible hydraulic fan. This fan eliminates debris
blasting on the radiator core surface. It can also be timer controlled to clean
the radiator on a regular interval. The switch can be set to manual (b) or
automatic (a) operation.
FORWARD: Normal direction of rotation (or machine will overheat)

REVERSE: Used for cleaning debris from the surface of the radiator core
WA320-5L 2-37
OPERATION
CONTROL LEVERS, PEDALS
1. Directional Lever 5. Brake Pedal
2. Safety Lock Lever (for work equipment lever) 6. Accelerator Pedal
3. Left Arm Control Lever 7. Parking Brake Lever
4. Bucket Control Lever 8. Steering Tilt Lock Lever
DIRECTIONAL CONTROL LEVER

Lever (1) is used to change the direction of travel of the machine
between forward and reverse.
When starting the engine, if the directional lever is not at the N

position, the engine will not start.
Position (a): FORWARD

Position (N): NEUTRAL
Position (b): REVERSE
2-38 WA320-5L
OPERATION
WORK EQUIPMENT LOCK LEVER
Lever (2) is a locking device for the work equipment control levers.
Once the lever is set in the locked position, the work equipment does
not operate. To set or lock the work equipment, push the safety lock
lever down to lock it. To release the work equipment for use, pull the
lever upward to unlock.
Remark
When setting the work equipment lock lever in the lock
position, be sure the work equipment is fully placed on the
ground
Before leaving the operator's seat, set the work equipment lock lever securely in the LOCK position. If
the equipment lock lever is not fully in the LOCK position, and work equipment control levers are
touched by mistake, accidental movement of the work equipment may result.
LIFT ARM CONTROL LEVER

Lever (3) is used to operate the lift arm.
Position (a): RAISE

When the lift arm control lever is pulled back, the arm is raised. If it is
pulled back further in the RAISE position, the lever locks in this
position until the lift arm reaches a preset position where it stops
automatically.
Position (b): HOLD

When raising or lowering the lift arm by releasing the control lever,
the arm is kept in the desired position.
Position (c): LOWER

When the lift arm control lever is pushed forward, the arm is lowered.
Be careful not to lower the lift arm too fast; the machine may be dam-
aged.
Position (d): FLOAT

Once the lift arm is fully lowered, moving the control lever further
forward locks the hydraulic system for the lift arm in a float position.
WA320-5L 2-39
OPERATION
BUCKET CONTROL LEVER
Lever (4) operates the bucket.
Position (a): TILT BACK

When the bucket control lever is pulled back, the bucket tilts back
until the control lever is released.
Position (b): HOLD

When tilting back or dumping the bucket by releasing the control
lever, the bucket is kept in the desired position.
Position (c): DUMP

When the control lever is pushed forward, the bucket dumps the load.
2-40 WA320-5L
OPERATION
BRAKE PEDALS
When traveling downhill, always use the right brake pedal, and use the braking force of the engine
together with the brake.
Do not use the brake pedal excessively. If the brake is used too frequently, the brake will overheat. If this
happens, the brakes will not work and may lead to a serious accident.
Do not put your foot on the brake pedal unless necessary.
Pedals (5) operate the brakes. Use the brake pedal for normal
braking operations. The left and right pedals are interconnected and
work together.
Right Brake Pedal
This pedal is used for normal braking operations including traveling

with the machine or slowing the machine down. Depress the pedal to
slow or stop the machine.
Left Brake Pedal
This pedal works in conjunction with the right brake pedal on the
machine. It is used to stop the machine and aid in loader operations
when the engine speed must be at a high RPM due to a heavy load in the
bucket. By depressing this pedal and using the accelerator pedal at the
same time in coordination, controlled loader operations are possible.
ACCELERATOR PEDAL
Pedal (6) controls the engine speed and output. The engine speed
can be freely controlled between low-idle RPM to full-speed RPM.
WA320-5L 2-41
OPERATION
PARKING BRAKE LEVER
Always apply the parking brake when leaving the machine or when parking it.
Lever (7) operates the parking brake.

Pull the lever up to the LOCK position to set the parking brake. At
the same time, the parking brake warning lamp illuminates.
To release the brake, pull the lever up slightly then press button (A)
in and return the parking brake lever down to the FREE position. At
the same time, the parking brake warning lamp goes out.
Remark
If the directional lever is placed in the FORWARD or
REVERSE position with the parking brake applied,
the central warning lamp will illuminate and the buzzer will
sound. Before operating the directional lever,
check that the parking brake lever is in the FREE position. When the parking brake is applied, the machine
will not move even if the directional lever is operated.
STEERING TILT LOCK LEVER

Lever (8) allows the steering column to be tilted forward or backward.
Set the lever (1) to FREE position (a).
Set the steering wheel (2) to the desired position then set lever (1) to
LOCK position (b).
Remark
Always stop the machine before adjusting the steering
wheel tilt position.
2-42 WA320-5L
OPERATION
SECURITY LOCKS AND SAFETY FEATURES
This machine is equipped with several security locks and safety features designed to protect the operator, persons
performing service, repair, or inspections on the machine, as well as the general public when the machine is not in use and
unattended. It is important for the operator of the machine to know where these features are located and when to use them.
Failure to do so may result in damage to the machine or injury to personnel.
IGNITION KEY LOCKED AREAS

These areas require the ignition key to lock and secure them.
Whenever you leave the machine unattended for any length of time, it is
advised to lock and secure the machine safely. Doing so will prevent
unauthorized personnel from accessing the machine.
METHOD OF OPENING AND CLOSING CAP WITH

LOCK
FUEL TANK FILLER PORT
TO OPEN THE CAP
1. Insert the key into the key slot.

2. Turn the key clockwise, align the key slot with the match mark on the cap, then open the cap.
TO LOCK THE CAP
1. Turn the cap until tight, then insert the key into the key slot.
2. Turn the key counterclockwise and take the key out.
METHOD OF OPENING AND CLOSING COVER WITH LOCK

ENGINE SIDE COVER
TO OPEN THE COVER
1. Insert the key into the key slot.

2. Turn the key counterclockwise and open the cover by pulling the cover
grip.
TO LOCK THE COVER
1. Close the cover and insert the key into the key slot.
2. Turn the key clockwise and take the key out.
WA320-5L 2-43
OPERATION
SAFETY BAR
When carrying out maintenance or transporting the machine, always set the safety bar to the LOCK posi-
tion.
Always remove the safety bar for travel operations. If it is not removed, the steering wheel cannot be used
for steering, and this may lead to serious damage or injury.
This is a device used to lock the front and rear frames during maintenance
or when transporting the machine. It prevents the front and rear frames
from articulating.
TOWING PIN
1. Align protrusion (1) in the towing pin with groove (2) in the counter-
weight, then insert the pin and turn it 180°.
2. To prevent the towing pin from turning, fold the handle of the towing
pin and set it in position.
Reverse this operation to remove the pin.
2-44 WA320-5L
OPERATION
GREASE PUMP
The grease pump is stowed inside the left engine side cover at the rear of
the machine.
After using the pump, wipe off excess grease from the pump, set it in the
clamp inside the cover, then fit the chain to the clamp to prevent the pump
from moving.
Secure in position by stretching the rubber ring into a figure 8 as shown in
the diagram on the right.
CAB DOOR INNER LOCK

(Right door)
Press cab door inner lock to lock the door.
Position (a): Lock
Position (b): Release
CAB DOOR OPEN LOCK

When getting in or out of the operator's compartment, or when operating
with the door open, use this lock to hold the door in position.
Push the door against catch (1) to lock it in position.
When attaching the door in position, lock it firmly to the catch.
When getting on or off the machine, hold the handrail on the inside.
When closing the door from the operator's seat, push knob (2) to release the
catch.
When closing the door after getting off the machine, pull knob (3) to
release the catch.
WA320-5L 2-45
OPERATION
CAB WINDOW OPEN LOCK CANCEL KNOB
Use this knob when you want to move the door window glass up or down
to open or close it.
Grip lock cancel knob (1) to release the lock, and move it down to a lower
lock position. Release lock cancel knob (1).
There are two points for lock position (2).
FUSE
Before replacing a fuse, be sure to turn off the starting switch.
The fuses protect the electrical equipment and wiring from burning out.
If the fuse becomes corroded, or white powder can be seen, or the fuse is
loose in the fuse holder, replace the fuse.
Replace the fuse with another of the same capacity.
Remove cover (1). The fuse boxes are designated A and B.
FUSE CAPACITY AND NAME OF CIRCUIT
FUSE BOX A
No. Capacity Name of Circuit
1 20A Starting switch
2 10A Hazard warning flashing lamp
3 10A HST control A
4 10A Parking brake A
5 10A Instrument panel
6 10A Radio A, Room lamp
7 10A Auxiliary pwr (Battery +24V)
8 10A Head Lamp L.H.
9 10A Head Lamp R.H.
10 10A Turn signal lamp
11 10A Back lamp, Stop lamp
12 20A HST control B
13 10A Work equipment positioner
14 10A Wiper
15 10A Radio B
2-46 WA320-5L
OPERATION
FUSE BOX B
No. Capacity Name of Circuit
1 20A Air conditioner A
2 20A Air conditioner B
3 10A Beacon lamp (if equipped)
4 10A KOMTRAX
5 10A Load meter (if equipped)
6 20A D/C converter
7 10A Auxiliary pwr (Key on +24V)
8 10A Parking brake B
9 10A Horn
10 10A Side marker lamp L.H.
11 10A Side marker lamp R.H.
12 20A Front work lamp
13 20A Rear work lamp
14 10A Auxiliary
15 10A Auxiliary
SLOW-BLOW FUSE
If the power does not come on when the starting switch is turned ON, the
slow-blow fuse may be blown. Check and, if necessary, replace it.
The slow-blow fuse is beside the engine on the left side of the machine.
1. Open the cover (1).
2. Open the cover of the slow-blow fuse box (2) and inspect.
For details of the method of replacing the slow-blow fuse, see “REPLACE
SLOW-BLOW FUSE” on page 3-28.
(A) 80A: Chassis Power Source

(B) 120A: Engine Preheating Power Source
(C) 30A: Battery Power (Starting Switch, Hazard)
(D) 30A: Fuel Solenoid Power Source
WA320-5L 2-47
OPERATION
AUXILIARY POWER
After removing the cigarette lighter (1), the lighter socket can be used as an
electrical power source. The maximum electric current is 7A (168 W).
STORAGE BOX
This is under the operator's seat. Use this box to keep small items and
tools.
Remark
The storage box is not waterproof. When washing the floor,
remove all documents and other items that may be
damaged by water, and keep them in a waterproof bag.
2-48 WA320-5L
OPERATION
AM/FM RADIO-CASSETTE STEREO
The AM/FM radio offers the addition of music and pleasant sounds for the operator to enjoy while operating the machine for
long periods of time. However, using the radio during machine operations may lead to distractions. When using the radio
always be aware of what you are doing and your operating environment. Do not allow yourself to become distracted by the
radio.
1. Power Switch/Volume 2. Auto-store/Preset Scan Button 3. Bass Control Knob
4. Treble Control Knob 5. Loudness Button 6. Time/Radio Display Selector Button
7. Tape Eject Button 8. Cassette Door 9. Fast Forward/Rewind Button
10. Preset Buttons 11. Metal Tape Button 12. Manual Tuning Buttons
13. Seek Button 14. Band Select Button
A. Band Display B. Metal Tape Display
C. FM Stereo Reception Display D. Loudness Display
E. Tape Direction Display F. Preset Channel Display
G. Time/Frequency Display
WA320-5L 2-49
OPERATION
RADIO OPERATION
POWER SWITCH/VOLUME
Turn this knob (1) to the right until it clicks to turn the power on.
Turn it further to increase the volume.
AUTO-STORE/PRESET SCAN BUTTON

Use this button (2) to actuate the preset scan and auto-store functions.
Auto-store:
Each time this button is pressed for more than 2 seconds while in
radio reception range, the auto-store function automatically starts to
search for the desired station within a receivable band, and
memorizes the frequency. During this scanning process, the
frequency shown in the right side of the display continues to change.
This indicates that each frequency is memorized in auto-store.
Preset scan:
If this button is pressed for less than 0.5 second while in radio reception range, programs from the six preset stations in
the same band will be broadcast one after another for 5 seconds each, starting from No. 1 through 6 stations
consecutively.When the desired station is reached, press the button again, which stops this preset scan tuning process
and switches to ordinary broadcasting. The same process will be repeated continuously until the button is suppressed again.
Remark
The auto-store function cannot be used when the channel display is flashing. When the display is flashing,
the preset scan function is being used.
BASS CONTROL KNOB

Turn this button (3) to the left to reduce the low tones; turn it to the
right to emphasize the low tones.
Direction (a): Low tone reduced

Direction (b): Low tone emphasized
TREBLE CONTROL KNOB

Turn this button (4) to the left to reduce the low tones; turn it to the
right to emphasize the high tones.
Direction (a): High tone reduced

Direction (b): High tone emphasized
2-50 WA320-5L
OPERATION
LOUDNESS BUTTON
This button (5) is used when playing at low volume. It makes it
possible to hear more easily by emphasizing the low tone when the
low tones are weak.
Push button: Actuated (ON)

Push button again: Canceled (OFF)
TIME/RADIO DISPLAY SELECTOR BUTTON

This button (6) is used to switch between the Radio/tape display and
the Time display.
Correcting the time:

Press the button to set the time display.
Correcting hour:
Keep the DISP button pressed and press the bottom (H) of the
TUNING button to correct the hour.
Correcting minute:
Keep the DISP button pressed and press the top (M) of the
TUNING button to correct the minute.
TAPE EJECT BUTTON

This button (7) is used to stop the tape and to eject the cassette. When
this button is pressed, the tape is ejected and the radio plays.
CASSETTE DOOR
Set the cassette with the exposed portion of the tape on the right side
and insert it in cassette door (8).
WA320-5L 2-51
OPERATION
FAST FORWARD, REWIND BUTTONS
These buttons (9) are used to fast forward or rewind the tape.
Fast forward/rewind:
If you press the button pointing in the same direction as the illuminated
arrow indicating the direction of play, the tape will be fast forwarded;
if you press the button pointing in the opposite direction, the tape will
rewind. To stop the tape, lightly press the button that is not locked. The
fast forward or rewind operation will be canceled. If the fast
forward and rewind button are pressed at the same time, the tape will
change sides.
PRESET BUTTONS
These buttons (10) are used to call up the broadcast station
frequencies preset in memory for each of buttons No. 1 to No. 6. It is
possible to preset 18 stations (FM:12; AM:6) with these buttons.
METAL TAPE BUTTON

Used also for preset button No. 5
This button (11) is used when playing a metal or chrome tape. This
button is used also for preset button No. 5. When it is pressed, MTL
appears on the display.
MANUAL TUNING BUTTONS

These buttons (12) are used for manual tuning.
When TUN V button is pressed, the frequency goes up; when TUN but-
ton is pressed, the frequency goes down. If the button is pressed down
and held, the frequency will change continuously.
SEEK TUNING BUTTONS

These buttons (13) are used to seek tuning.
When the SEEK UP button is pressed, the frequency automatically

goes up; when the SEEK DOWN button is pressed, the frequency
automatically goes down. When the next station that can be received
is found, it automatically stops.
2-52 WA320-5L
OPERATION
BAND SELECTOR BUTTON
When this button (14) is pressed, the band is switched between FM1,
FM2, and MW (AM). The band is shown on the display.
USING RADIO FEATURE
It is possible to preset 6 MW (AM) stations and 12 FM stations (FM1: 6 stations, FM2: 6 stations).
USING AUTO PRESET

• Use band selector button (1) to select MW (AM), FM1, or FM2.
• Auto-store/preset scan button (2) is pressed for less than 0.5
second.
• The preset scan tuning function automatically searches for the
desired station within the same band and memorizes as many as
six stations in the preset memory.
USING MANUAL PRESET

• Press manual tuning button (2) or seek tuning button (3).
• Press preset button (4) of the number to be preset for 2 seconds
while the frequency display is being shown on the display. (The
preset channel and frequency are displayed and the presetting is
completed.)
• Repeat the steps explained in Items 2 and 3 above to preset other
stations to the subsequent numbers.
• If you want to preset a station in the other bands, follow the steps
explained in Items 1 through 4 above.
Remark
Changing the setting of a preset station. When the power
is disconnected, such as when the battery is replaced, all
the settings are deleted.
WA320-5L 2-53
OPERATION
LISTENING TO RADIO
• Turn the ignition switch ON, then turn power switch (1) ON.
• Select the station with the preset buttons (3).
Remark
In case you do not remember the number assigned to a
certain preset station, press the auto-store/preset scan but-
ton (4) for less than 0.5 second. The preset six stations will
broadcast one after another for five seconds each. When
the desired station is reached, press the button again
and scan tuning stops there.
• If you want to tune in to a station that is not preset, use either the
seek tuning button (5) or manual tuning button (6).
• Adjust the volume, balance, and tone as desired.
• When turning the radio OFF, turn power switch (1) to the left
until there is a click.
Remark
To switch to the radio when listening to a cassette, press the cassette eject button to stop the tape. If you
insert a cassette when listening to the radio, the tape will start to play.
LISTENING TO CASSETTE TAPE

• Turn the ignition switch ON, then turn power switch (1) ON.
• Set the cassette with the exposed portion of the tape on the
right side and push it into the cassette door. The tape will
automatically start playing. If the arrow indicating the direction
of play is pointing to the right, the top side is being played; if the
arrow is pointing to the left, the bottom side is being played.
When the tape reaches the end, it is automatically reversed and
the other side starts to play.
• When you have finished with the tape, press the cassette eject but-
ton to eject the tape and automatically switch to the radio.
REVERSING TAPE
When listening to the tape, press both FAST FORWARD and REWIND
buttons (A) and (B) at the same time lightly. When this is done, the
tape direction display will be reversed.
2-54 WA320-5L
OPERATION
PRECAUTIONS FOR RADIO OPERATION
• Stow the antenna when traveling in places with low overhead clearance.
• To ensure safety, always keep the sound to a level where it is possible to hear outside sounds during operation.
• If water gets into the speaker case or radio, it may lead to an unexpected failure, so be careful no to get water on the equip-
ment.
• Do not wipe the display panel or buttons with benzene, thinner, or other solvent. Wipe with a soft dry cloth. Use a cloth
soaked in alcohol if the equipment is extremely dirty.
WA320-5L 2-55
OPERATION
AIR CONDITIONER
By taking fresh air into the cab through a filter, it is possible to raise the pressure inside the cab. This makes it possible to pro-
vide a pleasant working environment even on dusty job sites.
GENERAL LOCATIONS AND FUNCTION OF CONTROL PANEL
1. Fan Switch 4. FRESH/RECIRC Selector Switch

2. Air Conditioner Switch 5. Temperature Control Switch
3. Mode Selector Switch
FAN SWITCH
This switch (1) can be used to adjust the air flow to four stages.
It also acts as the main switch for the air conditioner. When the OFF switch
is pressed, the fan stops.
When the switch is pressed, the indicator lamp above the switch illumi-
nates to display the air flow.
AIR CONDITIONER SWITCH

This switch (2) is used to start or stop the cooling or dehumidifying func-
tion.
When the fan switch is turned ON and the air conditioner switch is pressed,
the indicator lamp above the switch illuminates. When the switch is
pressed again, the switch is turned OFF and the indicator lamp goes out.
2-56 WA320-5L
OPERATION
MODE SELECTOR SWITCH
This switch (3) is used to select the vents.
The following five vent modes are available: FACE, FACE/FOOT, FOOT,
FOOT/DEF, DEF.
When the switch is pressed, the indicator lamp above the switch illumi-
nates to display the vent mode.
FRESH/RECIRC SELECTOR SWITCH

This switch (4) changes between internal air circulation and external air
intake. When pressing the switch, the indicator lamp on the top of the
switch illuminates.
Internal air circulation

This switch (4) is used to quickly cool or warm the cab or when the air
inside the cab is stale.
External air intake

This switch (4) is used to cool or warm the cab with the external air intake.
It is also used for fresh air intake or to remove condensation on windows.
TEMPERATURE CONTROL SWITCH

The temperature can be adjusted with this switch (5) by pressing and hold-
ing the up or down button. The temperature level indicator lamps (A) illu-
minate to display the temperature of the air coming from the vents.
The more blue lamps on, the lower the temperature.
The color of the indicator lamp (A) changes while the switch is being
pressed. When the temperature reaches the desired level, release the switch
to set the temperature. The settings for each mode are retained in memory
even when the starting switch is turned OFF.
However, in the following cases, the settings must be made again.
• When the machine has been out of use for more than seven days.
• When the battery voltage is extremely low.
• When there has been abnormal interference from outside.
• When the fan switch is turned OFF (the setting is not kept in memory with only the air conditioner switch).
If the air conditioner is used at the FRESH position, the inside of the cab will be pressurized and this will prevent the entry of
dust. The higher the position of the fan switch, the more effective the pressurizing becomes.
WA320-5L 2-57
OPERATION
METHOD OF OPERATION
Switch
FRESH/
Fan Air Conditioner Temperature RECIRC Mode Selec-
Switch Switch Control Switch Selector tor Switch
Switch
Rapid HI ON All blue RECIRC FACE

Cooling More than half
Normal HI-LO ON FRESH FACE
are blue
More than half

Condition of use
Dehumidifying, heating HI-LO ON FRESH FOOT

are red
Rapid HI OFF All red RECIRC FOOT

Heating More than half
Normal HI-LO OFF FRESH FOOT
are red
More than half

Defroster HI ON FRESH DEF
are red
Ventilation or pressurizing HI-LO OFF All blue FRESH FACE
Performance for defrosting and demisting will improve if the temperature

control switch is set so that all lamps are red.
Set the vent mode selector switch to the intermediate position to give the
desired condition.
With the FACE vents, it is possible to adjust the direction of the air flow
and to turn it on or off.
However, do not set to the FACE mode with the vents closed.
WHEN NOT USING THE AIR CONDITIONER REGU-

LARLY
Run the air conditioner at cooling or dehumidification + heating for several minutes from time to time to prevent the loss of the
oil film at various parts of the compressor.
Remark
If the temperature inside the cab is low, the air conditioner may not work. In such cases, use the recirculated air
to heat up the inside of the cab, then turn the air conditioner switch on to run the air conditioner.
2-58 WA320-5L
OPERATION
COOL BOX
When the cooling is being used, this can be used for keeping drinks and
other things cool.
When the heating is being used, it can be used to keep things warm.
When using the box, open the vent grille (1).
When not using the box, close the grille (1).
Do not use the cool box for things which smell or leak water or break eas-
ily.
Do not use it as a holder for tools or other small objects.
PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING THE COOLING

If you smoke when using the air conditioner, your eyes may start to itch or
burn, therefore ventilate the cab every so often to remove the smoke. When
using the air conditioner for a long period of time, carry out the ventilation process at least once every hour. When using the air
conditioner, it is recommended for health reasons, that it should only feel slightly cooler (5 or 6°C lower than the outside tem-
perature) when you enter the cab. Therefore, be sure to adjust the temperature to a suitable level.
HANDLING CAB WIPER

PREVENTING WIPER ARM BRACKET DAMAGE
Remark
When angling the wiper arm (1) to the front, check that the wiper
blade is hanging free.
When angling the wiper arm (1) to the front, such as when wiping the glass
clean, if the wiper arm (1) is angled with the wiper blade (2) locked to the
arm (the bottom of the blade is caught on the arm), abnormal force is
brought to bear on the mounting bracket and the bracket may break.
WA320-5L 2-59
OPERATION
OPERATION
CHECK BEFORE STARTING ENGINE, ADJUST

WALK-AROUND CHECK
Before starting the engine, walk around the machine and look at the underside of the chassis for anything unusual like loose-
ness of the bolts and nuts, leakage of fuel, oil, and cooling water. Also check the condition of the work equipment and the
hydraulic system.
Check also for loose wiring, play, and collection of dust at places which reach high temperature.
Remove any flammable materials from around the battery or engine muffler, turbocharger, or other high
temperature engine parts. Leakage of fuel or oil will cause the machine to catch fire. Check carefully, and
be sure to repair any abnormalities, or please contact your Komatsu distributor.
Perform the checks in this section before starting the engine each day.
1. Check for damage, wear, play in work equipment, cylinders, linkage, and hoses.
Check that there are no cracks, excessive wear, or play in the work equipment, cylinders, linkage, or hoses. If any abnor-
mality is found, repair it.
2. Remove dirt and dust from around engine, battery, and radiator.
Check if there is any dirt or dust accumulated around the engine or radiator. Check also if there is any flammable material
(dead leaves, twigs, etc.) accumulated around the battery or high temperature engine parts, such as the engine muffler or
turbocharger. Remove all such dirt or flammable material.
3. Check for coolant or oil leakage around engine.

Check that there is no oil leakage from the engine or coolant leakage from the cooling system. If any abnormality is found,
repair it.
4. Check for oil leakage from HST piping, transfer case, axle, hydraulic tank, hoses, and joints.
Check that there is no oil leakage. If any abnormality is found, repair the leakage.
5. Check for oil leakage from brake line.

Check that there is no oil leakage. If any abnormality is found, repair the leakage.
6. Check for damage or wear to tires and loose mounting bolts.

Check for cracks or peeling of the tires and for cracks or wear to the wheels (side rim, rim base, lock ring). Tighten any
loose wheel nuts. If any abnormality is found, repair or replace the part.
If any valve caps are missing, install new caps.
7. Check for damage and loose bolts on handrail and steps.

Repair any damage and tighten any loose bolts.
8. Check for damage to gauges, lamps on instrument panel, and loose bolts.
Check for damage to the panel, gauges, and lamps. If any abnormality is found, replace the parts. Clean off any dirt on the
surface. Tighten any loose bolts.
9. Check for loose air cleaner mounting bolts.

Check for the loose bolts and, if loose, tighten.
10. Check for loose battery terminals.

Tighten any loose terminal.
2-60 WA320-5L
OPERATION
11. Check for damage to seat belt and mounting clamps.
Even if there appears to be no abnormality with the seat belt, always replace it once every three years.
Remark
The date of manufacture of the seat belt is marked on the belt at
the place indicated by the arrow in the diagram on the right.
Check that there are no loose bolts on the equipment mounting the seat belt
to the machine, and tighten if necessary.
Tightening torque: 24.5 ± 4.9 N·m (2.5 ± 0.5 kgf·m, 18.1 ± 3.6 lbf ft)
If the belt is damaged or fluff is starting to form, or if there is any damage

or deformation of the seat belt holders, replace the seat belt.
12. Clean cab window.

Clean the cab window to ensure good visibility when operating the machine.
WA320-5L 2-61
OPERATION
13. Inspect tires.
If worn or damaged tires are used, they may burst and cause
serious injury or death.
To ensure safety, do not use tires exhibiting the following

characteristics.
Wear:
• Tires with a tread groove of less than 15% of that of a
new tire
• Tires with extreme uneven wear or with stepped-type
wear
Damage:
• Tires with damage which has reached the cords, or with
cracks in the rubber
• Tires with cut or pulled cords
• Tires with peeled (separated) surface
• Tires with damaged bead
• Leaking or improperly repaired tubeless tires
• Deteriorated, deformed, or abnormally damaged tires
which do not seem usable
14. Inspect rims.
Check the rims (wheels) and rings for deformation, corrosion, and cracks. In particular, check the side
rings, lock rings, and rim flanges thoroughly.
2-62 WA320-5L
OPERATION
CHECK BEFORE STARTING
Perform the checks in this section before starting the engine each day.
CHECK OIL LEVEL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, ADD OIL
The parts and oil are at high temperature immediately after the engine is stopped, and may cause serious
burns. Wait for the temperature to go down before starting the operation.
1. Open the engine side cover on the right side of the chassis.
2. Take out the dipstick (G) and wipe off the oil with a cloth.
3. Insert dipstick (G) fully in the oil filler pipe, then take it out again.
4. The oil level should be between the H and L marks on dipstick (G).
• If the oil level is below the L mark, add engine oil through oil
filler (F).
• If the oil is above the H line, open drain valve (P) at the bottom
of the engine oil pan, drain the excess engine oil, then check the
oil level again.
• If the oil level is correct, tighten oil filler cap (F) securely and
close the inspection window.
Remark
Wait at least 15 minutes after stopping the engine before check-
ing the oil level after the engine has been operated.
Make sure the machine is in a horizontal position.
WA320-5L 2-63
OPERATION
CHECK WATER SEPARATOR
The water separator separates water mixed in the fuel. If float (1) goes
above water drain line (2), drain the water as follows.
1. Loosen drain plug (3) and drain the accumulated water until the float
(1) reaches the bottom.
2. Tighten drain plug (3).
3. If air is sucked into the fuel line when draining water, be sure to bleed
air in the same manner as for the fuel filter. See “REPLACE FUEL
FILTER CARTRIDGE” on page 3-39.
CHECK DUST INDICATOR

1. Check that the red piston has not appeared in the transparent portion of
dust indicator (1).
2. If the red piston has appeared, clean or replace the element immedi-
ately.
For instructions about cleaning the element, see “CHECK, CLEAN
OR REPLACE AIR CLEANER ELEMENT” on page 3-16.
3. After checking, cleaning, and replacing, press the knob of the dust
indicator (1) to return the red piston to its original position.
2-64 WA320-5L
OPERATION
CHECK COOLANT LEVEL, ADD COOLANT
• Do not open the radiator cap unless necessary. When checking the coolant, always wait for the engine
to cool down and check the subtank.
• The coolant remains at high temperature and the radiator is under high internal pressure immediately
after the engine has stopped. If the cap is removed to check the coolant level in this condition, there is
a hazard of burns. Wait for the temperature to go down, then turn the cap slowly to release the pres-
sure before removing it.
When adding coolant, use the step and handrail provided to support yourself securely.
1. Open top cover (1) at the front of the engine hood.

2. Check that the coolant level is between the FULL and LOW marks on
radiator subtank (2). If the coolant level is low, add coolant through the
coolant filler of subtank (2) to the FULL level.
3. After adding coolant, tighten the cap securely.
4. If subtank (2) is empty, check for coolant leakage, then check the cool-
ant level in the radiator. If the coolant level is low, add coolant to the
radiator, then add coolant to subtank (2).
If the volume of coolant added is more than usual, check for possible leakage.
Confirm that there is no oil in the coolant.
CHECK INFLATION PRESSURE OF TIRES

Measure the inflation pressure with a tire pressure gauge while the tires are cool before starting work.
Check for damage or wear to the tires and the rims. Check for loose wheel hub nuts (bolts).
The appropriate inflation pressure differs according to the type of work; see “HANDLING THE TIRES” on page 2-95 for
details.
WA320-5L 2-65
OPERATION
CHECK ELECTRIC WIRING
If fuses frequently blow or if there are traces of short circuits on the electrical wiring, ask your Komatsu
distributor to locate the cause and make the repair.
Keep the top surface of the battery clean and check the breather hole in the battery cap. If it is clogged
with dirt or dust, wash the battery cap to clear the breather hole.
Check for damage and wrong capacity of the fuse and any sign of disconnection or short circuit in the electric wiring.
Check also for loose terminals and tighten any loose parts.
Carefully check the wiring of the battery, starting motor, and alternator.
When checking around the battery, always inspect for accumulations of flammable material around the battery, and remove
such flammable material.
Please contact your Komatsu distributor for investigation and correction of the cause.
CHECK MONITOR PANEL

1. Turn the starting switch to the ON position.
2. Check that all the monitors, gauges, and the central warning lamp illu-
minate for approximately three seconds and the alarm buzzer sounds
for approximately one second.
If the lamps do not illuminate, there is probably a failure or disconnec-
tion; contact your Komatsu distributor for inspection.
2-66 WA320-5L
OPERATION
CHECK FUEL LEVEL, ADD FUEL
When adding fuel, never let the fuel overflow. This may cause a fire. If any fuel is spilled, wipe it up com-
pletely. Never bring flames near fuel because it is highly flammable and dangerous.
Remark
If the engine has run out of fuel and has stopped, it is necessary to operate the priming pump to bleed the air
completely from the fuel line before starting the engine again.
Take care not to let the engine stop because of lack of fuel.
If the engine has run out of fuel, the air bleeding operation can be carried out more quickly if the fuel tank is
completely filled with fuel.
1. Turn the engine starting switch to the ON position and check the fuel
level with fuel level gauge (G).
After checking, turn the switch back to the OFF position.
2. If the level is low, add fuel through filler port (F) behind rear grille (1)
to fill the tank.
For details about use of the cap, see “METHOD OF OPENING AND
CLOSING CAP WITH LOCK” on page 2-43.
3. After adding fuel, tighten the cap securely.

Fuel tank capacity: 228 liters (60.24 US gal)
WA320-5L 2-67
OPERATION
CHECK PARKING BRAKE
Check that the parking brake works properly.
If there is any abnormality in the operation of the parking brake or the brake does not provide the proper braking effect, please
contact your Komatsu distributor for adjustment.
CHECK BRAKE PEDAL

Drive the machine forward and check the effect of the brakes.
If there is any abnormality in the actuation of the brakes, please contact your Komatsu distributor to have the brakes adjusted.
ADJUSTING THE SEAT
When adjusting the seat be sure the safety lock for the controls are set in the locked position to avoid
accidental actuation of the controls.
STANDARD SEAT
• Fore-and-aft adjustment
Pull lever (1) up, set the seat to the desired position, then release the
lever. Fore-and-aft adjustment: 120 mm (4.7 in)
• Adjusting seat angle
Move lever (2) up and push down on the rear of the seat to tilt it
backward. Move lever (2) down and push down on the front of the
seat to tilt it forward. Adjustment range: 13 degrees (tilt forward/tilt
back angle)
• Adjusting height of seat
Operate lever (2) in the up or down direction to move the seat up or
down. These levers are also used for adjusting the seat angle;
adjust the seat angle to set the seat to the desired height. Amount of
adjustment: 50 mm (2.0 in)
• Setting seat for weight
Turn grip (3) to adjust the strength of the suspension. Adjustment
range: (Target) 50 kg to 120 kg (110 to 265 lb)
• Adjusting reclining angle
Move lever (4) up and move the backrest to the front or rear.
Adjustment range: Front 24 degrees, Rear 3 degrees
• Lumbar support
Turn grip (5) to adjust the tension applied to the lower back.
• Adjusting headrest height
Move the headrest (6) up or down. Amount of adjustment: 50 mm
(2.0 in)
• Adjusting headrest angle
Rotate the headrest (6) to the front or rear. Adjustment range: 60
degrees
• Adjusting armrest angle
Armrest (7) can be operated by hand to spring up approximately
90 degrees (both left and right). In addition, dial (8) under the armrest can be operated by hand to make fine adjustments
of the armrest in the up or down direction (left side only). Adjustment range: forward tilt 25 degrees, backward tilt
5 degrees
2-68 WA320-5L
OPERATION
AIR SUSPENSION SEAT
• Fore-and-aft adjustment
Pull lever (1) up, set the seat to the desired position, then release the
lever. Fore-and-aft adjustment: 120 mm (4.7 in)
• Adjusting seat angle
Move lever (2) up and push down on the rear of the seat to tilt it
backward. Move lever (2) down and push down on the front of the
seat to tilt it forward. Adjustment range: 13 degrees (tilt forward/tilt
back angle)
• Adjusting height of seat
Operate lever (2) in the up or down direction to move the seat up or
down. These levers are also used for adjusting the seat angle; adjust
the seat angle to set the seat to the desired height. Amount of adjust-
ment: 50 mm (2.0 in)
• Setting seat for weight
Knob (3) controls the air suspension system's air valve. Push or pull
the knob to adjust the suspension's strength and compensate for
operator weight and/or preference.
• Adjusting reclining angle
Move lever (4) up and move the backrest to the front or rear.
Adjustment range: Front 24 degrees, Rear 3 degrees
• Lumbar support
Turn grip (5) to adjust the tension applied to the lower back.
• Adjusting headrest height
Move the headrest (6) up or down. Amount of adjustment: 50 mm
(2.0 in)
• Adjusting headrest angle
Rotate the headrest (6) to the front or rear. Adjustment range:
60 degrees
• Adjusting armrest angle
Armrest (7) can be operated by hand to spring up approximately
90 degrees (both left and right). In addition, dial (8) under the armrest can be operated by hand to make fine adjustments
of the armrest in the up or down direction (left side only). Adjustment range: forward tilt 25 degrees, backward tilt
5 degrees.
ADJUSTING THE ARM REST
Adjust height of wrist rest.

Loosen lock lever (2) and adjust the height of wrist rest (1). Amount of
adjustment: 60 mm (2.4 in) Keep button (3) pressed and operate lock
lever (2) to the FREE position. The lever can be turned in the desired
direction.
WA320-5L 2-69
OPERATION
ADJUST BELT LENGTH
To make belt shorter: Pull the free end of the belt at the buckle end or
tongue end.
To make belt longer: Pull the free end of the belt at the buckle end or
tongue end.
ADJUST REAR VIEW MIRROR

Sit in the operator's seat and adjust the rear view mirror so that you can see
properly to the rear.
2-70 WA320-5L
OPERATION
OPERATIONS AND CHECKS BEFORE STARTING ENGINE
Before starting the engine, check that the safety lock lever is securely at the LOCK position.
If the work equipment control lever is touched by accident when starting the engine, the work equipment
may move unexpectedly and cause serious damage or personal injury.
1. Check that parking brake lever (1) is at the LOCK position.
2. Check that directional lever (2) is at the N position.

When starting the engine, if directional lever (2) is not at the N posi-
tion, the engine will not start.
WA320-5L 2-71
OPERATION
3. Check that the bucket is completely lowered to the ground.
If it is not completely lowered, lower the bucket to the ground as fol-
lows.
A. Set the safety lock lever to the FREE position.
B. Operate the work equipment control lever to lower the bucket to

the ground.
C. Set the safety lock lever to the LOCK position.
4. Check that safety lock lever (3) is at the LOCK position.
5. Insert the key in starting switch (4), turn the key to the ON position,
and check that the machine monitor system works.
When the starting switch is turned to the ON position before starting

the engine, monitors, gauges, and central warning lamp illuminate for
approximately three seconds, and the alarm buzzer sounds for approx-
imately one second.
If a monitor fails to illuminate, there is probably a failure or discon-
nection, so contact your Komatsu distributor for inspection.
2-72 WA320-5L
OPERATION
STARTING ENGINE
• Start the engine only after sitting down in the operator's

seat.
• Do not attempt to start the engine by short-circuiting the
engine starting circuit. Such an act may cause serious
bodily injury or fire.
• Check that there are no persons or obstacles in the sur-
rounding area, then sound the horn and start the engine.
• Exhaust gas is toxic. When starting the engine in con-
fined spaces, be particularly careful to ensure good ven-
tilation.
Remark
Do not start the engine with the accelerator pedal fully
depressed. There is danger that the engine parts may be dam-
aged.
Do not keep the starting motor rotating continuously for more
than 20 seconds.
If the engine does not start, wait for at least two minutes before
trying to start the engine again.
1. Turn the key of starting switch (1) to the ON position. The automatic
preheating will start and the preheating pilot lamp (2) will illuminate.
The preheating time varies according to the engine water temperature when
the engine is started.
The table on the right gives a guide to the preheating time (seconds) in cold
weather.
X: Water temperature when starting the engine (°C)
Y: Preheating time (sec.)
WA320-5L 2-73
OPERATION
2. Depress accelerator pedal (3) lightly.
3. After the preheating pilot lamp (2) goes out, turn the key of starting
switch (1) to the START position to start the engine.
4. After the engine starts, release the key in starting switch (1). The key
automatically returns to the ON position.
2-74 WA320-5L
OPERATION
OPERATIONS AND CHECKS AFTER STARTING ENGINE
• Emergency stop
If the operation is abnormal or any other trouble occurs, turn the key in the starting switch to the OFF
position.
• If the work equipment is operated without warming up the machine sufficiently, the response of the
work equipment to the movement of the control lever will be slow, and the work equipment may not
move as the operator desires, so always carry out the warming-up operation. Particularly in cold areas,
be sure to carry out the warming-up operation fully.
BREAKING IN THE MACHINE
Your Komatsu machine has been thoroughly adjusted and tested before shipment. However, operating the
machine under severe conditions at the beginning can adversely affect the performance and shorten the
machine life.
Be sure to break in the machine for the initial 100 hours (as indicated by the service meter).
During breaking-in operations, follow the precautions described in this manual.
• Idle the engine for five minutes after starting.

• Avoid operation with heavy loads or at high speeds.
• Immediately after starting the engine, avoid sudden starts, sudden acceleration, unnecessary sudden stops, and sudden
changes in direction.
NORMAL OPERATION
After starting the engine, do not immediately start operations. First, carry out the following operations and checks.
Remark
Do not suddenly accelerate the engine before the warming-up operation is completed.
Do not run the engine at low idling or high idling continuously for more than 20 minutes. If it is necessary to run
the engine at idling, apply a load from time to time or run the engine at a mid-range speed.
1. Depress accelerator pedal (1) lightly and run the engine with no load at midrange speed for about five minutes.
WA320-5L 2-75
OPERATION
To warm up the hydraulic oil in cold areas, do as follows.
2. During the warming-up operation, check that the engine rotation is

smooth, then set the safety lock lever (2) to the FREE position.
3. Operate work equipment control lever (3) to TILT position (a) and
return it to HOLD position (b) to warm up the hydraulic oil.
The relief time at the tilt position (a) should be a maximum of 10 sec-
onds.
With this operation, the oil will reach the relief pressure and this will
warm up the hydraulic oil more quickly.
4. After carrying out the warming-up operation, check that the gauges
and pilot lamps are normal.
If there is any abnormality, carry out maintenance or repair.
Run the engine under a light load until engine cooling water tempera-
ture gauge (4) and HST oil temperature gauge (5) are in the white
range.
5. Check that there is no abnormal exhaust gas color, noise, or vibration.
If any abnormality is found, contact your Komatsu distributor.
2-76 WA320-5L
OPERATION
STOPPING ENGINE
Remark
If the engine is stopped abruptly before it has cooled down,
engine life may be greatly shortened. Do not stop the engine
abruptly except for an emergency.
If the engine has overheated, do not stop it abruptly. Run it at

medium speed to allow it to cool gradually, then stop it.
1. Run the engine at low idling for about five minutes to cool down grad-
ually.
2. Turn the key of starting switch (1) to the OFF position to stop the
engine.
3. Remove the key from starting switch (1).
WA320-5L 2-77
OPERATION
MOVING THE MACHINE (DIRECTION, SPEED), STOPPING THE MACHINE
Always remove the safety bar for travel operations. If it is not removed, the steering wheel cannot be used
for steering, and this may lead to serious damage or injury.
When moving the machine, check that the area around the machine is safe, then sound the horn before
starting.
Do not allow people to get near the machine.
Clear obstacles from the machine's travel path.
The engine hood creates a blind spot at the rear of the machine, so use care when traveling in reverse.
MOVING THE MACHINE

1. Check that caution lamp (1) is not illuminated.
2. Set the safety lock lever (2) to the FREE position.
2-78 WA320-5L
OPERATION
3. Operate work equipment control lever (3) to set the work equipment to
the travel posture shown in the diagram on the right.
4. Depress brake pedal (4) and turn parking brake lever (5) to the FREE
position to release the parking brake.
Keep brake pedal (4) depressed.
5. Set speed range selector switch (6) to the desired position.

Position (a): 1st
Position (b): 2nd
Position (c): 3rd
Position (d): 4th
6. Set directional lever (7) to the desired position.

Position N: NEUTRAL
• Check that the backup alarm sounds when the directional lever is
set to REVERSE. If the backup alarm does not sound, please con-
tact your Komatsu distributor for repairs.
WA320-5L 2-79
OPERATION
7. Release brake pedal (4), then depress accelerator pedal (8) to move the
machine.
CHANGING DIRECTION
• When changing direction between FORWARD and

REVERSE, check that the new direction of travel is safe.
There is a blind spot behind the machine, so be particu-
larly careful when changing direction to travel in reverse.
• Do not switch between FORWARD and REVERSE when
traveling at high speed.
• When switching between FORWARD and REVERSE,
depress the brake to reduce the travel speed sufficiently,
then change the direction of travel. (Maximum speed for
changing direction: 13 km/h (8.1 MPH))
There is no need to stop the machine even when switching between FOR-
WARD and REVERSE.
Place directional lever (1) in the desired position.
Position N: NEUTRAL
Check that the backup alarm sounds when the directional lever is set to
REVERSE. If the backup alarm does not sound, please contact your
Komatsu distributor for repairs.
2-80 WA320-5L
OPERATION
STOPPING THE MACHINE
• Avoid stopping suddenly. Give yourself ample room

when stopping.
• Even if the parking brake lever is pulled and set to the
LOCK position, there is a danger of the machine moving
until the parking brake pilot lamp illuminates, so keep the
brake pedal depressed.
Remark
Never use the parking brake lever to brake the machine when
traveling, except in an emergency. Apply the parking brake only
after the machine has stopped.
1. Release accelerator pedal (1), then depress brake pedal (2) to stop the
machine.
2. Place directional lever (3) in N (neutral) position.
3. Pull parking brake lever (4) and set it to the LOCK position to apply
the parking brake.
WA320-5L 2-81
OPERATION
TURNING
• Operating the steering wheel suddenly at high speed or operating the steering wheel on steep slopes
is dangerous. Do not operate the steering wheel in such situations.
• If the engine stops when the machine is traveling, the steering becomes heavy, so never stop the
engine while traveling.
It is particularly dangerous if the engine stops when the machine is traveling on slopes, so never let
the engine stop when traveling on slopes.
If the engine stops, stop the machine immediately at a safe place.
When traveling, use steering wheel (1) to turn the machine.

With this machine, the front frame is joined to the rear frame at the center
of the machine by the center pin. The front and rear frames bend at this
point, and the rear wheels follow in the same track as the front wheels
when turning.
Turn the steering wheel lightly to follow the machine as it turns.
Remark
When the steering wheel is turned fully, if it reaches the end of
its stroke, do not try to turn it further.
Check that there is a play of 50 to 100 mm (2.0 to 3.9 in) in the
steering wheel. Check also that the steering works properly. If
any abnormality is found, please contact your Komatsu distribu-
tor for inspection.
EMERGENCY STEERING
Actuate the emergency steering only during emergencies or

when checking the function.
Emergency steering pilot lamp (green) (2) illuminates to inform the opera-
tor that the emergency steering system is normal.
The emergency steering system is provided to enable the machine to be
steered under the following conditions.
• The steering oil pressure is low or there is no pressure.
• When the engine has stopped or there is a failure in the steering oil
pressure pump, etc.
When the emergency steering system detects lack of oil pressure in the steering system, steering oil pressure caution lamp
(red) (3) and central warning lamp (4) illuminate, and the alarm buzzer sounds intermittently.
Steering oil pressure caution lamp (red) (3) illuminates to inform the operator that there is a failure in the steering system.
If steering oil pressure caution lamp (red) (3) illuminates, move the machine immediately to a safe place and stop it.
Locate the cause and do not operate the machine until it has been repaired.
Remark
If any function of the oil pressure system is used when the engine is running at low speed, steering oil pressure
caution lamp (red) (3) may illuminate for a moment, but if the lamp goes out again soon, there is no problem.
When the emergency steering system detects that the oil pressure in the steering circuit has been restored, the actuation of the
emergency steering system is stopped.
2-82 WA320-5L
OPERATION
OPERATION OF WORK EQUIPMENT
Work equipment control lever (1) can be used to operate the lift arm and
bucket as follows.
LIFT ARM OPERATION

Remark
Do not use the FLOAT position when lowering the bucket. Use
the FLOAT position when leveling, see “LEVELING OPERA-
TIONS” on page 2-87.
Position (a): RAISE

When the work equipment control lever is pulled further from
the RAISE position, the lever is stopped in this position until
the lift arm reaches the preset position of the kickout, and the
lever is returned to the HOLD position.
Position (b): HOLD
The lift arm is kept in the same position.
Position (c): LOWER
Position (d): FLOAT
The lift arm moves freely under external force.
WA320-5L 2-83
OPERATION
BUCKET OPERATION
Position (e): TILT
When the work equipment control lever is pulled further from
the TILT position, the lever is stopped in this position until
the bucket reaches the preset position of the positioner, and
the lever is returned to the HOLD position.
Position (b): HOLD
The bucket is kept in the same position.
Position (f): DUMP
2-84 WA320-5L
OPERATION
WORK POSSIBLE USING WHEEL LOADER
In addition to the following, it is possible to further increase the range of applications by using various attachments.
DIGGING OPERATIONS
• Never carry out digging or scooping operations with the machine articulated. There is danger that the
machine may tip over.
• When the machine is traveling or the work equipment is raised, the moment that the E.C.S.S. switch (if
equipped) is turned ON, the work equipment will move.
• If operations are carried out with the E.C.S.S. switch (if equipped) left at the ON position, the moment
that the travel damper switch is turned ON, the work equipment will move.
Remark
If the tires slip, the tire life will be reduced; do not allow the tires to slip during operation.
LOADING PILED SOIL

• Scoop up the piled soil by moving the machine forward as shown below. If the tires begin slipping under heavy load, raise
the bucket slightly to reduce the load.
1. Force the bucket into the pile of soil while moving the machine for-
ward.
2. Thrust the bucket fully into the soil, then drive the machine forward
and operate the work equipment control lever to raise the lift arm. In
addition, operate the work equipment control lever occasionally to tilt
the bucket so that the bucket can be fully loaded.
Try to keep the load in the center of the bucket; if the load is on one
side of the bucket, the load will be unbalanced.
WA320-5L 2-85
OPERATION
3. If it is difficult to thrust the bucket into the soil, operate the work
equipment control lever to the left and right to move the cutting edge
of the bucket up and down.
DIGGING AND LOADING ON LEVEL GROUND

When digging and loading on level ground, set the bucket edge facing
down slightly as follows and drive the machine forward. Always be careful
not to load the bucket on one side and cause an unbalanced load.
This operation should be carried out in 1st gear.
Do not set the bucket facing down more than 20 degrees.
1. Set the edge of the bucket facing slightly down.
2. Drive the machine forward and operate the work equipment control
lever forward to cut a thin layer of the surface each time when excavat-
ing the soil.
3. Operate the work equipment control lever slightly up and down to

reduce the resistance when driving the machine forward.
When digging with the bucket, avoid putting the digging force onto
only one side of the bucket.
2-86 WA320-5L
OPERATION
LEVELING OPERATIONS
Remark
Always operate the machine in reverse when carrying out level-
ing operations.
If it is necessary to carry out leveling operations when traveling
forward, do not set the bucket dumping angle to more than 20
degrees.
Turn the E.C.S.S. switch (if equipped) OFF when carrying out
leveling operations.
1. Scoop soil into the bucket. Move the machine backward while spread-
ing soil from the bucket little by little.
2. Go over the spread soil with the bucket teeth touching the ground and
level the ground by back-dragging.
3. Scoop some more soil into the bucket, put the lift arm control lever in FLOAT position, level the bucket at ground level,
and smooth the ground by moving backward.
PUSHING OPERATIONS
Never set the bucket to the DUMP position when carrying out pushing operations.
When carrying out pushing operations, set the bottom of the bucket parallel to the ground surface.
LOAD AND CARRY OPERATIONS
• When carrying a load, lower the bucket to keep the

machine center of gravity as low as possible.
• When the machine is traveling or the work equipment is
raised, the work equipment will move the moment that
the E.C.S.S. switch is turned ON.
• If operations are carried out with the E.C.S.S. switch left
at the ON position, the work equipment will move the
moment that the travel damper is actuated.
The load and carry method for wheel loaders consists of a cycle of scooping -> hauling ->loading (into a hopper, truck, etc.).
Always keep the travel path properly maintained.
When using the load and carry method, see “PRECAUTIONS FOR USING LOAD AND CARRY METHOD” on page 2-96.
WA320-5L 2-87
OPERATION
LOADING OPERATIONS
Select the method of operation which will give the minimum amount of turning and travel in order to provide the most
efficient method for the job site.
• Always keep the job site flat. Do not operate the steering wheel suddenly or apply the brakes sud-
denly while the lift arm is raised with a loaded bucket. This is dangerous.
• Never thrust the bucket in soil or crushed rock when traveling at high speed (when loading). This is
dangerous.
• When the machine is traveling or the work equipment is raised, the work equipment will move the
moment that the E.C.S.S. switch (if equipped) is turned ON.
• If operations are carried out with the E.C.S.S. switch (if equipped) left at the ON position, the work
equipment will move the moment that the travel damper is actuated.
Remark
If the tires slip, the tire life will be reduced; do not allow the tires to slip during operation.
Avoid excessive bucket shaking.
CROSS-DRIVE LOADING
Always set the wheel loader facing at a right angle to the stockpile. After
digging in and scooping up the load, drive the machine straight back in
reverse, then bring the dump truck in between the stock pile and the wheel
loader.
This method requires the least time for loading, and is extremely effective
in reducing the cycle time.
2-88 WA320-5L
OPERATION
V-SHAPE LOADING
Position the dump truck so that the direction of approach of the wheel
loader is approximately 60 degrees from the direction of approach to the
stockpile. After loading the bucket, drive the wheel loader in reverse, then
turn it to face the dump truck and travel forward to load the dump truck.
The smaller the turning angle of the wheel loader is, the more efficient the
operation becomes.
When loading a full bucket and raising it to the maximum height, first
shake the bucket to stabilize the load before raising the bucket. This will
prevent the load from spilling to the rear.
PRECAUTIONS WHEN PILING UP LOADS

When forming products into a pile, be careful not to let the rear counterweight come into contact with the ground.
Do not set the bucket to the DUMP position when piling-up loads.
PRECAUTIONS FOR OPERATION

PERMISSIBLE WATER DEPTH
When working in water or on swampy ground, avoid water levels higher
than the bottom of the axle housing.
After finishing the operation, wash and check the lubricating points.
IF WHEEL BRAKE DOES NOT WORK

If the machine is not stopped by depressing the brake pedal, use the parking
brake to stop the machine.
Remark
If the parking brake has been used as an emergency brake,
contact your Komatsu distributor to have the parking brake
checked for any abnormality.
WA320-5L 2-89
OPERATION
PRECAUTIONS WHEN DRIVING UP OR DOWN SLOPES
LOWER THE CENTER OF GRAVITY WHEN TURNING.
When turning on slopes, lower the work equipment to lower the center of gravity before turning. It is dangerous to turn the
machine suddenly on slopes.
BRAKING ON DOWNHILL SLOPE

If the foot brake is used frequently when traveling downhill, the brake will overheat and may be damaged. Use the accelerator
pedal to make full use of the braking force of the engine when traveling downhill.
Use the right brake pedal for braking.
If the brakes are used excessively, the axle oil temperature caution lamp may illuminate and the alarm buzzer may sound inter-
mittently. For details of the necessary action to take, see “AXLE OIL TEMPERATURE CAUTION LAMP” on page 2-16.
IF ENGINE STOPS
If the engine stops on a slope, apply the parking brake immediately, lower the work equipment to the ground, and stop the
machine. Then put the directional lever in neutral position and start the engine again.
PRECAUTIONS WHEN DRIVING MACHINE

When the machine travels at high speed for a long distance, the tires become extremely hot. This causes early wear of the tires,
so it should be avoided as much as possible. If the machine must be driven for a long distance, take the following precautions.
• Follow the regulations related to this machine, and drive carefully.
• Before driving the machine, carry out the checks before starting.
• The most suitable tire pressure, travel speed, or tire type depends on the condition of the travel surface. Contact your
Komatsu distributor or tire dealer for information.
• The following is a guide to suitable tire pressures and speeds when traveling on a paved surface with standard tires. (20.5-
25-12PR)
• Tire pressure: 0.27 MPa (2.8 kgf/cm², 39.8 PSI)
• Speed:14 km/h (8.7 MPH)
• Check the tire pressure before starting, when the tire is cool.
• After traveling for one hour, stop for 30 minutes. Check the tires and other parts for damage; also check the oil and coolant
levels.
• Always travel with the bucket empty.
• Never put “calcium chloride” or “dry ballast” in the tires when traveling.
2-90 WA320-5L
OPERATION
ADJUSTING WORK EQUIPMENT POSTURE
• Stop the machine on flat ground and put blocks in front

and behind the wheels.
• Set parking brake lever to the LOCK position.
• Secure the front and rear frames with the safety bar.
• Always attach the warning tag to the work equipment
control lever.
• Do not go under the work equipment when the arm is
raised. To support the work equipment securely, use a
strong support that can withstand the weight of the work
equipment and prevent the arm coming down.
The boom kickout allows the selection of a desired lifting height (lift arm
higher than horizontal) at which the bucket automatically stops. The bucket
positioner makes it possible to set the bucket so it automatically stops at the
desired digging angle. The settings can be adjusted to match the working
conditions.
ADJUSTING BOOM KICKOUT

1. Raise the bucket to the desired height, set the lift arm control lever at
HOLD, then set the safety lever to the LOCK position and stop the
engine.
2. Loosen two bolts (1), and adjust plate (2) so that the bottom edge is in
line with the center of the sensing surface of proximity switch (3).
Tighten the bolts to hold the plate in position.
3. Loosen two nuts (4) to make a clearance of 3 to 5 mm (0.118 to 0.197
in) between plate (2) and the sensing surface of proximity switch (3).
Tighten the nuts to hold in position.
Tightening torque: 17.2 ± 2.5 N·m (1.75 ± 0.25 kgf·m, 12.7 ± 1.8 lbf
ft)
4. After adjusting, start the engine and operate the lift arm control lever.
Check that the lever is automatically returned to HOLD when the
bucket reaches the desired height.
WA320-5L 2-91
OPERATION
ADJUSTING BUCKET POSITIONER
1. Lower the bucket to the ground, set to the desired digging angle, return
the bucket control lever at HOLD, then set the safety lever to the
LOCK position and stop the engine.
2. Loosen two bolts (1), adjust the position of mounting bracket (4) of the
proximity switch so that the rear tip of bar (2) is in line with the center
of the sensing surface of proximity switch (3), then tighten bolts to
hold the bracket in position.
3. Loosen two nuts (5), adjust so that the clearance between bar (2) and
the sensing surface of proximity switch (3) is 0.5 to 1.0 mm (0.020 to
0.039 in), then tighten the nuts to hold in position.
Tightening torque: 14.7 to 19.6 N·m (1.5 to2.0 kgf·m, 10.8 to 14.5 lbf
ft)
Loosen two bolts (7), adjust so that clearance (B) between bar (2) and
the sensing surface of proximity switch (3) is 3 to 5 mm, then tighten
the bolt to hold in position.
4. After adjusting, start the engine and raise the lift arm. Operate the
bucket control lever to the DUMP position, then operate it to the TILT
BACK position and check that the lever is automatically returned to
the HOLD position when the bucket reaches the desired digging angle.
BUCKET LEVEL INDICATOR

(A) and (B) at the top rear of the bucket are the level indicators, so the
bucket angle can be checked during operations.
(A): Parallel with cutting edge
(B): 90 degrees to cutting edge
2-92 WA320-5L
OPERATION
REAR AND FUEL DOORS AND WINDOWS
PARKING MACHINE
• Avoid stopping suddenly. Give yourself ample room

when stopping.
• Do not park the machine on slopes. If the machine must
be parked on a slope, set it facing directly down the
slope, then dig the bucket into the ground and put blocks
under the tires to prevent the machine from moving.
• If the control lever is touched by accident, the work
equipment or the machine may move suddenly, and this
may lead to a serious accident. Before leaving the opera-
tor's compartment, always set the safety lock lever
securely to the LOCK position.
• Even if the parking brake lever is pulled and set to the
LOCK position, there is a danger of the machine moving
until the parking brake pilot lamp illuminates so keep the
brake pedal depressed.
Remark
Never use the parking brake lever to brake the machine when
traveling except in an emergency. Apply the parking brake only
after the machine has stopped.
1. Release accelerator pedal (1), then depress brake pedal (2) to stop the
machine.
2. Place directional lever (3) in N (neutral) position.
WA320-5L 2-93
OPERATION
3. Pull parking brake lever (4) and set it to the LOCK position.
4. Operate work equipment control lever (5) to lower the bucket to the
ground.
5. Set the safety lock lever (6) to the LOCK position.
CHECK AFTER STOPPING ENGINE

Check the engine water temperature, engine oil pressure, HST oil temperature, and fuel level with the meters and lamps.
If the engine has overheated, do not stop it suddenly. Run the engine at a midrange speed to allow the engine to cool down
before stopping it.
CHECKS AFTER COMPLETION OF OPERATION

1. Walk around the machine and check the work equipment, body work, and undercarriage; check also for oil and water leak-
age.
2. Fill the fuel tank.
3. Check the engine compartment for paper and debris. Clean out any paper and debris to avoid a fire hazard.
4. Remove any mud affixed to the undercarriage.
2-94 WA320-5L
OPERATION
LOCKING
Always lock the following parts:
1. Fuel filler cap
2. Rear grille
3. Engine side cover (two places)
4. Cab door (two places)
Remark
The starting switch key is used also for locks (1), (2), (3), and
(4).
HANDLING THE TIRES

PRECAUTIONS WHEN HANDLING TIRES
If a tire has reached any of the following service limits, there

is danger that the tire may burst or cause an accident, so to
ensure safety, replace it with a new tire.
• Service limits for wear:
• When the remaining depth of the groove on con-
struction equipment tires (at a point approximately
1/4 of the tread width) is 15% of the groove depth on
a new tire.
• When the tire shows marked uneven wear, stepped
wear, or other abnormal wear, or when the cord layer
is exposed.
• Service limits for damage:
• When there is external damage extending to the cord
or when the cord is broken
• When the cord is cut or there is dragging
• When the tire is peeling (there is separation)
• When the bead is damaged
• For tubeless tires, when there is air leakage or
improper repair.
Please contact your Komatsu distributor when replacing the tires. It is dangerous to jack up the machine without taking due
care.
WA320-5L 2-95
OPERATION
TIRE PRESSURE
Measure the tire pressure before starting operations, when the tires are
cool.
If the tire inflation pressure is too low, there will be overload; if it is too
high, it will cause tire cuts and shock burst. To prevent these problems,
adjust the tire inflation pressure according to the table on the next page.
Deflection ratio = H - h / H x 100

As a guideline that can be checked visibly, the deflection ratio of the front
tire (deflection/free height) is as follows.
• When carrying normal load (lift arm horizontal): Approximately 15 to
25%
• When digging (rear wheels off ground): Approximately 25 to 35%
When checking the tire inflation pressure, check also for small scratches or
peeling of the tire, for nails or pieces of metal which may cause punctures, and for any abnormal wear.
Clearing fallen stones and rocks from the operating area and maintaining the surface will extend the tire life and give improved
economy.
• For operations on normal road surfaces, rock digging operations: High end of range in air pressure chart
• Stockpile operations on soft ground: Average pressure in air pressure chart
• Operations on sand (operations not using much digging force): Low end of range in air pressure chart
If the deflection of the tire is excessive, raise the inflation pressure within the limits given in the table to give a suitable deflec-
tion (see deflection ratio).
If the wheel loader exhibits excessive bouncing and pitching while traveling, rear tire pressures can be reduced to 80-90% of
the front tire pressures (within the limits shown in the table).
Inflation Pressure MPa (kgf/cm2, PSI)

Tire Size Soft Ground Normal Road
(Pattern) When Shipped from
(sandy
Stockpile Digging Factory
ground)
0.19 - 0.32 0.19 - 0.32 0.21 - 0.34

20.5-25-12PR Front and Rear Tire:
(1.9 - 3.3, (1.9 - 3.3, (2.1 - 3.5,
(L2 Traction) 0.27 (2.8, 39.8)
27.0 - 46.9) 27.0 - 46.9) 29.8 - 49.7)
0.19 - 0.32 0.19 - 0.32 0.19 - 0.32

20.5-25-12PR Front and Rear Tire:
(1.9 - 3.3, (1.9 - 3.3, (1.9 - 3.3,
(L3 Rock) 0.27 (2.8, 39.8)
27.0 - 46.9) 27.0 - 46.9) 27.0 - 46.9)
Stockpile operations mean the loading of sand and other loose materials.
PRECAUTIONS FOR USING LOAD AND CARRY METHOD

Choose the correct tires to match the operating conditions, or choose the operating conditions to match the tires, especially
when traveling continuously with load and carry operations. If this is not done, the tires will be damaged. Be sure to contact
your Komatsu distributor or tire dealer when selecting tires.
2-96 WA320-5L
OPERATION
TRANSPORTATION
When transporting the machine, observe all applicable laws and regulations, and be careful to assure safety.
TRANSPORTATION PROCEDURE
As a basic rule, always transport the machine on a trailer.
When selecting the trailer, see the weights and dimensions given in “SPECIFICATIONS” on page 4-1.
Note that the specifications for the weights and dimensions for transportation differ according to the type of tires and type of
bucket.
LOADING, UNLOADING WORK WITH TRAILERS
• When loading or unloading the machine, run the engine at low speed, travel at low speed, and operate
slowly.
• When loading or unloading the machine, stop the trailer on firm level ground. In addition, keep well
away from the road shoulder.
• Use ramps of ample width, length, thickness, and strength, and install them securely at an angle of less
than 15°. When using an embankment, compact the fill soil thoroughly and make sure that the slope
face does not collapse.
• Remove the mud stuck to the undercarriage to prevent the machine from slipping to the side on the
ramps.
• In addition, remove any water, snow, ice, grease, or oil from the ramps.
• Never change direction on the ramps. There is danger that the machine may tip over.
If it is necessary to change direction, return to the ground surface or the trailer platform, correct the
direction, and start again.
• The position of the center of gravity of the machine will change suddenly at the connection of the ramp
and trailer, and there is danger of the machine losing its balance. Always drive slowly over this point.
When loading or unloading, always use ramps or a platform and carry out the operation as follows.
LOADING
1. Load and unload on firm level ground only.
Maintain a safe distance from the edge of road.
2. Apply the brakes on the trailer securely and block the tires to ensure
that the trailer does not move.
Fix the ramps in line with the centers of the trailer and the machine.
Be sure that the two sides are at the same height.
Make the angle of the ramps a maximum of 15º.
Set the distance between the ramps to match the center of the tires.
If the ramp sags appreciably, reinforce it with blocks, etc.
3. Determine the direction of the ramp, then slowly load the machine.
4. Load the machine correctly in the specified position on the trailer.
WA320-5L 2-97
OPERATION
SECURING MACHINE
Load the machine on to a trailer as follows.
1. Lower the work equipment slowly.
2. Set the safety lock lever to the LOCK position securely.
3. Turn the starting switch to the OFF position to stop the engine, and
pull out the starting switch key.
4. Lock front frame and rear frame with safety bar.

5. Put blocks in front and behind the wheels, and secure the machine
with chains or wire rope to prevent the machine from moving dur-
ing transportation.
In particular, attach the machine securely to prevent it from slip-
ping sideways.
6. Always retract the car radio antenna fully.
UNLOADING
1. Load and unload on firm level ground only. Maintain a safe dis-
tance from road.
2. Apply the brakes on the trailer securely and insert blocks under the
tires to ensure that the trailer does not move.
Fix the ramps in line with the centers of the trailer and the
machine.
Be sure that the two sides are at the same height.
Make the angle of the ramps a maximum of 15º.
Set the distance between the ramps to match the center of the tires.
If the ramp sags appreciably, reinforce it with blocks, etc.
3. Remove the chains and wire ropes fastening the machine.
4. Start the engine.
Warm up the engine fully.
5. Set the safety lock lever to the FREE position.
6. Determine the direction of the ramps, then drive the machine
slowly down the ramps to unload the machine.
2-98 WA320-5L
OPERATION
LIFTING MACHINE
• When lifting the machine the wire rope must be fitted correctly or the machine may fall and cause seri-
ous injury or even death. Raise the machine 100 to 200 mm (3.9 to 7.9 in) from the ground, check that
the machine is horizontal and that there is no slack in the wire rope, then continue to lift the machine.
• Before lifting the machine, always stop the engine and lock the brakes. Lock front frame and rear frame
with safety bar.
• Lifting operations using a crane must be carried out by a qualified operator.
• Never raise the machine with any worker on it.
• Always make sure that the wire rope used for lifting the machine is of ample strength for the weight of
the machine.
• Never try to lift the machine at any position or in any posture other than the posture specified.
• Never go under the machine when it is raised.
When the machine is raised, check that there is no oil leakage from the hydraulic circuits.
Please contact your Komatsu distributor for advice concerning lifting your machine.
Remark
The lifting procedure applies to machines with standard specifications.
The method of lifting may differ depending on the attachments and options actually installed. Please contact
your Komatsu distributor for information.
For details of the weight, see “WEIGHT TABLE” on page 2-100.
WA320-5L 2-99
OPERATION
LOCATION OF LIFTING POSITION MARK
Lifting hooks (A) are located at four (4) places on the machine as shown in the diagram. Use only these four places when lift-
ing and do not use any other places. There is a serious danger that the machine may lose its balance. Always stay clear of the
machine and maintain a safe distance when lifting it.
WEIGHT TABLE
Machine Weight Front Wheel Load Rear Wheel Load Center of Gravity
WA320-5L 13,450 kg 5,980 kg 7,470 kg 1,780 mm
(29,560 lb) (13,185 lb) (16,465 lb) (5 ft 10 in)
2-100 WA320-5L
OPERATION
LIFTING PROCEDURE
When the machine is raised, check that there is no oil leak-

age from the hydraulic circuits.
When carrying out the lifting operation, please contact your
Komatsu distributor.
Lifting work can be carried out only for machines with lifting marks.
Before starting the lifting operation, stop the machine in a horizontal place
and do as follows.
1. Start the engine; make sure that the machine is horizontal; set the work equipment to the travel posture.
For details, see “MOVING THE MACHINE” on page 2-78.
2. Operate the safety lock lever to the LOCK position.
3. Stop the engine; check that the area around the operator's compartment
is safe; lock with the safety bar so that the front frame and rear frame
do not articulate.
4. Fit the lifting equipment to the lifting hooks (marked by the lifting
mark) at the front of the front frame and the rear of the rear frame.
For machines equipped with a rear full fender, remove the rear full
fender before carrying out the operation.
5. When the machine leaves the ground, stop for a moment and wait for
the machine to stabilize, then continue the lifting operation slowly.
WA320-5L 2-101
OPERATION
COLD WEATHER OPERATION
PRECAUTIONS FOR LOW TEMPERATURE
If the temperature becomes low, it becomes difficult to start the engine, and the coolant may freeze, so do as follows.
FUEL AND LUBRICANTS

Change to fuel and oil with low viscosity for all components. For details of the specified viscosity, see “PROPER SELEC-
TION OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS” on page 3-8.
COOLANT
• Antifreeze is toxic. Be careful not to get it into your eyes or on your skin. If it should get into your eyes
or on your skin, wash it off with a large amount of fresh water and see a doctor at once.
• Please contact your Komatsu distributor for information regarding handling coolant that contains anti-
freeze (as when draining and changing coolant or repairing the radiator). Antifreeze is toxic; do not let
it flow into drainage ditches or spray it on to the ground surface.
• Antifreeze is flammable. Do not bring any flame close to the antifreeze. Do not smoke when handling
antifreeze.
Remark
Never use methanol-, ethanol-, or propanol-based antifreeze.
Avoid using any leak-preventing agent, regardless of whether if it is sold separately or in antifreeze.
Do not mix one brand of antifreeze with that of a different brand.
For details of the antifreeze mixture when changing the coolant, see “CLEAN INSIDE OF COOLING SYSTEM” on page 3-
19.
Use a Permanent Antifreeze (ethylene glycol mixed with corrosion inhibitor, anti-foam agent, etc.) that meets the standard
requirements as shown below. With permanent antifreeze, no change of coolant is required for a year. If it is doubtful that an
available antifreeze meets the standard requirements, ask the supplier of that antifreeze for information.
Standard requirements for permanent antifreeze

• SAE J1034
• FEDERAL STANDARD O-A-548D
Remark
In areas where permanent antifreeze is not available, it is possible to use antifreeze whose main component is
ethylene glycol and does not contain any corrosion inhibitor. (Such antifreeze can be used for the winter sea-
son only.) However, in such a case, the cooling water must be changed twice a year (spring and fall), so use
permanent antifreeze when possible.
2-102 WA320-5L
OPERATION
BATTERY
• The battery generates flammable gas. Do not bring fire or sparks near the battery.
• Battery electrolyte is dangerous. If it gets in your eyes or on your skin, wash it off with a large amount
of water and consult a doctor.
• Battery electrolyte dissolves paint. If it gets on to the bodywork, wash it off immediately with water.
• If the battery electrolyte is frozen, do not charge the battery or start the engine with a different power
source. There is danger that the battery may explode.
• Battery electrolyte is toxic. Do not let it flow into drainage ditches or spray it on to the ground surface.
When the ambient temperature drops, the battery capacity also will drop. If the battery charge ratio is low, the battery electro-
lyte may freeze. Maintain the battery charge as close as possible to 100%, and insulate it against cold temperature so that the
machine can be started easily the next morning.
Remark
Measure the specific gravity and calculate the rate of charge from the following conversion table.
Charging Specific Gravity

Rate(%)
20°C (68°F) 0°C (32°F) -10°C (14°F) -20°C (-4°F)
100 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31
90 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29
80 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27
75 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26
• As the battery capacity drops markedly in low temperatures, cover the battery or remove it from the machine, keep it in a
warm place, and install it again the next morning.
• If the electrolyte level is low, add distilled water in the morning before beginning work. Do not add the water after the
day's work so as to prevent fluid in the battery from freezing in the night.
PRECAUTIONS AFTER COMPLETION OF WORK

Mud and water on the undercarriage can freeze overnight and make machine movement difficult the following morning.
Observe the following precautions immediately after finishing work for the day.
• Remove all mud and water from the machine body. In particular, wipe the hydraulic cylinder rods clean to prevent damage
to the seals caused if mud, dirt, and/or water on the rod surface gets inside.
• Park the machine on hard, dry ground. If this is impossible, park the machine on wooden boards. The boards help protect
the tires from being frozen in soil and the machine can start next morning.
• Open the drain valve and drain any water collected in the fuel system to prevent it from freezing.
AFTER COLD WEATHER

When the season changes and the weather becomes warmer, do as follows.
• Replace the fuel and oil for all parts with oil of the viscosity specified.
• For details, see “PROPER SELECTION OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS” on page 3-8.
• If permanent antifreeze cannot be used, and an ethyl glycol base antifreeze (winter, one season type) is used instead, or if
no antifreeze is used, drain the cooling system completely, then clean out the inside of the cooling system thoroughly, and
fill with fresh soft water.
WA320-5L 2-103
OPERATION
STEERING HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT WARM UP
If the steering wheel is operated and stopped while the oil

temperature is low, there may be a time lag before the
machine stops turning.
In this case, use the safety bar to ensure safety, and perform
the warm-up operation in a wide, open area.
When the temperature is low, do not start the operation of the machine
immediately after starting the engine.
Warm up steering hydraulic circuit before starting work. Slowly operate the steering wheel to the left and right to warm up the
oil in the steering valve. (Repeat this operation for about 10 minutes to warm up the oil.)
Remark
Operate the steering wheel a little and stop in that position. Then, confirm that the machine is steered by an
angle equivalent to the turning angle of the steering wheel.
LONG TERM STORAGE

BEFORE STORAGE
When putting the machine in storage for a long period, do as follows.
• Clean all parts and store the machine indoors. If the machine must be stored outdoors, select level ground and cover the
machine with a sheet.
• Completely fill the fuel tank, lubricate the machine, and change the oil before storage.
• Apply a thin coat of grease to the metal surfaces of the hydraulic piston rods.
• Disconnect the negative terminals of the battery and cover it or remove it from the machine and store it separately.
• Make sure that the machine does not move by setting the safety lock lever in the LOCK position.
DURING STORAGE
The rust-prevention operation requires running the engine. Be sure to provide adequate ventilation, espe-
cially if machine is indoors. Open doors and windows for ventilation and to prevent gas poisoning.
During storage, always operate the machine once a month so that a new film of oil will be applied to movable parts and com-
ponent surfaces. At the same time, also charge the battery.
When operating the work equipment, wipe off all the grease from the hydraulic cylinder rods.
If the machine is equipped with an air conditioner, operate it for three to five minutes each month to lubricate the compressor.
Be sure to idle the engine at low speed for this purpose. Also, check the quantity of refrigerant twice a year.
AFTER STORAGE
Remark
If the monthly rust prevention was not done, please contact your Komatsu distributor before returning the
machine to operation.
Before returning the machine to operation after a long-term period of storage, do as follows.
• Wipe off the grease from the hydraulic cylinder rods.
• Add oil and grease to all places.
• When a machine is stored for a long period, moisture in the air will get into the oil. Check the oil before and after starting
the engine. If there is water in the oil, change the oil.
2-104 WA320-5L
OPERATION
TROUBLESHOOTING
WHEN MACHINE RUNS OUT OF FUEL
When starting the engine again, check carefully that the area around the engine is safe before cranking the
engine.
When starting the engine after running out of fuel, fill with fuel and bleed the air from the fuel system before starting.
For details of bleeding the air, see “REPLACE FUEL FILTER CARTRIDGE” on page 3-39.
TOWING THE MACHINE
Check that the wire rope is of ample strength for the weight of the machine being towed.
Do not apply a load to the wire rope suddenly.
If there is a failure in the brake line, the brakes cannot be used, so be extremely careful when towing.
Remark
Towing is for moving the machine to a place where inspection and maintenance can be carried out, and not for
moving it long distances.
The machine must not be towed for long distances.
For details of the procedure for towing a machine when it has broken down, please contact your Komatsu dis-
tributor.
This machine must not be towed except in emergencies. When towing the machine, take the following precautions.
• Before releasing the brakes, put blocks under the wheels to prevent the machine from moving. If the wheels are not
blocked, the machine may suddenly move.
• When towing a machine, tow it at a low speed of less than 2 km/h (1.2 MPH), and for a distance of a few meters to a place
where repairs can be carried out. The machine should be towed only in emergencies. If the machine must be moved long
distances, use a transporter.
• To protect the operator if the towing rope or bar should break, install a protector plate to the machine being towed.
• If it is impossible to operate the steering and brakes of the machine being towed, do not let anyone ride on the machine.
• Check that the tow rope or bar is of ample strength for the weight of the machine being towed. If the machine being towed
must travel through mud or up hills, use a tow rope or bar of a strength of at least 1.5 times the weight of the machine
being towed.
• Keep the angle of the tow rope as small as possible. Keep the angle between the center lines of the two machines to within
30 degrees.
• If the machine is moved suddenly, the tow rope or bar will be subjected to an excessive load, and it may break. Start the
machine gradually and travel at a constant speed.
• The towing machine should normally be of the same class as the machine being towed. Check that the towing machine
has ample braking power, weight, and rimpull to allow it to control both machines on slopes or on the tow road.
• When towing a machine downhill, use a larger machine for towing to provide ample rimpull and braking power, or con-
nect another machine to the rear of the machine being towed. This way it is possible to prevent the machine from losing
control and turning over.
• Towing may be carried out under various differing conditions, so it is impossible to determine beforehand the require-
ments for towing. Towing on flat horizontal roads will require the minimum rimpull, while towing on slopes or on uneven
road surfaces will require the maximum rimpull.
WA320-5L 2-105
OPERATION
WHEN ENGINE CAN BE USED
• If the transmission and steering wheel can be operated, and the engine is running, it is possible to tow the machine out of
mud or to move it for a short distance to the edge of the road.
• The machine being towed should have an operator who can operate the steering in the direction that the machine is towed.
WHEN ENGINE CANNOT BE USED

When towing a machine with the engine stopped, use the following procedure.
1. The transfer oil does not lubricate the system, so remove the front and rear drive shafts. If necessary, block the tires to pre-
vent the machine from moving.
2. The steering cannot be operated, so remove the steering cylinder.
Even if the brakes are in good condition, the brakes can only be used a limited number of times. There is no change in the
operating force for the brake pedal, but the braking force is reduced each time the pedal is depressed.
3. Connect the towing equipment securely. When carrying out towing operations, use two machines of at least the same class
as the machine being towed. Connect one machine each to the front and rear of the machine being towed, then remove the
blocks from the tires and tow the machine.
IF BATTERY IS DISCHARGED
• When checking or handling the battery, stop the engine

and turn the starting switch key to the OFF position.
• The battery generates hydrogen gas, so there is a hazard
of explosion. Do not bring lighted cigarettes near the bat-
tery, or do anything that will cause sparks.
• Battery electrolyte is dilute sulfuric acid, and it will attack
your clothes and skin. If it gets on your clothes or on
your skin, immediately wash it off with a large amount of
water. If it gets in your eyes, wash it out with fresh water
and consult a doctor.
• When handling batteries, always wear protective goggles
and rubber gloves.
• When removing the battery, first disconnect the cable
from the ground (normally the negative (-) terminal).
When installing, install the positive (+) terminal first.
• If a tool touches the positive terminal and the chassis,
there is danger that it will cause a spark, so be extremely
careful.
• If the terminals are loose, there is danger that the defec-
tive contact may generate sparks that will cause an
explosion.
• When removing or installing the terminals, check which
is the positive (+) terminal and which is the negative (-)
terminal.
2-106 WA320-5L
OPERATION
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION OF BATTERY
1. Before removing battery, remove the ground cable (normally connected to the negative (-) terminal). If any tool touches
between the positive terminal and the chassis, there is danger of sparks being generated. Loosen the battery fitting of the
terminal and remove the wires from the battery.
2. After installing the battery, fix it securely with the battery fitting.
Tightening torque: 5.9 to 9.8 N·m
(0.6 to 1.0 kgf·m, 4.3 to 7.2 lbf ft)
3. When installing the battery, connect the ground cable last.
Insert the hole of the terminal on the battery and tighten the nut.
Tightening torque: 5.9 to 9.8 N·m
(0.6 to 1.0 kgf·m, 4.3 to 7.2 lbf ft)
Remark
The batteries are on both sides at the rear of the machine. The battery used for the ground is on the right side
of the machine.
PRECAUTIONS FOR CHARGING BATTERY

When charging the battery, if the battery is not handled correctly, there is
danger that the battery may explode. Always follow the instructions in
“BATTERY” on page 2-103 and the instruction manual accompanying the
charger, and do as follows.
• Do not use or charge the battery if the battery electrolyte level is below
the LOWER LEVEL line. This may cause an explosion. Always check
the battery electrolyte level periodically and add distilled water to
bring the electrolyte level to the UPPER LEVEL line.
• Set the voltage of the charger to match the voltage of the battery to be
charged. If the voltage is not selected correctly, the charger may over-
heat and cause an explosion.
• Connect the positive (+) charger clip of the charger to the positive (+)
terminal of the battery, then connect the negative (-) charger clip of the
charger to the negative (-) terminal of the battery. Be sure to fix the clips securely.
• Set the charging current to 1/10 of the value of the rated battery capacity; when carrying out rapid charging, set it to less
than the rated battery capacity.
If the charger current is too high, the electrolyte will leak or dry up, and this may cause the battery to catch fire and
explode.
• If the battery electrolyte is frozen, do not charge the battery or start the engine with a different power source. There is a
risk that this will ignite the battery electrolyte and cause the battery to explode.
WA320-5L 2-107
OPERATION
STARTING ENGINE WITH BOOSTER CABLE
When starting the engine with a booster cable, do as follows:
BOOSTER CABLE PRECAUTIONS
• When connecting the cables, never contact the positive

(+) and negative (-) terminals.
• When starting the engine with a booster cable, always
wear safety glasses and rubber gloves.
• Be careful not to let the normal machine and problem
machine contact each other. This prevents sparks from
generating near the battery which could ignite the hydro-
gen gas given off by the battery.
• Make sure that there is no mistake in the booster cable
connections. The final connection is to the engine block
of the problem machine, but sparks will be generated
when this is done, so connect to a place as far as possi-
ble from the battery.
• When disconnecting the booster cable, take care not to
bring the clips in contact with each other or with the
machine body.
Remark
The size of the booster cable and clips should be suitable for the battery size.
The battery of the normal machine must be the same capacity as that of the engine to be started.
Check the cables and clips for damage or corrosion.
Make sure that the cables and clips are firmly connected.
Check that the safety lock levers and parking brake levers of both machines are in the LOCK position.
Check that each lever is in the NEUTRAL position.
CONNECTING THE BOOSTER CABLE
Keep the starting switch of the normal machine and problem machine at
the OFF position.
Connect the booster cable as follows, in the order of the numbers marked in
the diagram.
1. Connect one clip of booster cable (A) to the positive (+) terminal of
the problem machine.
2. Connect the other clip of booster cable (A) to the positive (+) terminal
of the normal machine.
3. Connect one clip of booster cable (B) to the negative (-) terminal of the
normal machine.
4. Connect the other clip of booster cable (B) to the engine block of the
problem machine.
2-108 WA320-5L
OPERATION
STARTING ENGINE
Always check that the safety lock lever is set to the LOCK position, regardless of whether the machine is
working normally or has failed. Check also that all the control levers are at the HOLD or neutral position.
1. Make sure the clips are firmly connected to the battery terminals.
2. Start the engine of the normal machine and keep it running at high idling speed.
3. Turn the starting switch of the problem machine to the START position and start the engine.
4. If the engine doesn't start at first, wait for at least two minutes before trying again.
DISCONNECTING THE BOOSTER CABLE
After the engine has started, disconnect the booster cables in the reverse of
the order in which they were connected.
1. Remove one clip of booster cable (B) from the engine block of the
problem machine.
2. Remove the other clip of booster cable (B) from the negative (-) termi-
nal of the normal machine.
3. Remove one clip of booster cable (A) from the positive (+) terminal of
the normal machine.
4. Remove the other clip of booster cable (A) from the positive (+) termi-
nal of the problem machine.
WA320-5L 2-109
OPERATION
OTHER TROUBLE
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
• ( ): Always contact your Komatsu distributor when dealing with these items.
• In cases of abnormalities or causes which are not listed below, please contact your Komatsu distributor for repairs.
Problem Main Causes Remedy
Lamp does not glow brightly even • Defective wiring (• Check, repair loose terminals,
when the engine runs at high speed disconnections)
Lamp flickers while engine is running • Defective adjustment of belt tension • Check, adjust fan belt tension
For details, see EVERY 1000
HOURS SERVICE
Even when the engine is running, the • Defective alternator (• Replace)

charge caution pilot lamp does not go • Defective wiring (• Check, repair)
out • Defective adjustment of fan belt • Check, adjust fan belt tension
tension For details, see EVERY 1000
HOURS SERVICE
Abnormal noise is generated from • Defective alternator (• Replace)

alternator
Starting motor does not turn when • Defective wiring (• Check, repair)
starting switch is turned to ON • Insufficient battery charge • Charge
• Defective starting motor (• Check, repair)
Pinion of starting motor keeps going in • Insufficient battery charge • Charge

and out
Starting motor turns engine sluggishly • Insufficient battery charge • Charge

• Defective starting motor (• Replace)
Starting motor disengages before • Defective wiring (• Check, repair)

engine starts • Insufficient battery charge • Charge
Preheating pilot lamp does not illumi- • Defective wiring (• Check, repair)
nate • Defective heater relay, preheating (• Replace)
water temperature sensor
• Defective preheating pilot lamp (• Replace)
Even when engine is stopped, charge • Defective wiring (• Check, repair)

caution pilot lamp does not illuminate • Defective monitor (• Replace)
(starting switch at ON position)
Even when engine is stopped, engine • Defective pilot lamp (• Replace)

oil pressure caution pilot lamp does • Defective pilot lamp switch (• Replace)
not illuminate (starting switch at ON • Defective monitor (• Replace)
position)
2-110 WA320-5L
OPERATION
CHASSIS
HST
Engine is running but machine does • Parking brake is applied • Release parking brake
not move • Directional lever is not shifted • Shift lever properly
properly
• No electricity is flowing to direc- • Check fuse and wiring harness
tional lever (electrical type) connector
• Lack of oil in hydraulic tank • Add oil to specified level (see
EVERY 100 HOURS)
Even when engine is run at full throt- • Lack of oil in hydraulic tank • Add oil to specified level (see
tle, machine only moves slowly and EVERY 100 HOURS)
lacks power • Hydraulic oil temperature is low • Carry out warming-up operation
Oil overheats • Too much oil or too little oil • Add or drain oil to specified level
(see WHEN REQUIRED)
• Clogged oil cooler core • Clean oil cooler core
Noise generated • Lack of transfer oil • Add oil to specified level (see
WHEN REQUIRED)
Axle
Noise generated • Lack of oil • Add oil to specified level (see

WHEN REQUIRED)
• Improper oil used (for machines • Change to specified oil
with limited-slip differential)
Brake
Brake is not applied when pedal is • Disc has reached wear limit (• Replace disc)
depressed • Defective hydraulic system
• Lack of oil • Add oil to specified level (see
EVERY 100 HOURS)
• Air in brake line • Bleed air (see WHEN REQUIRED)
Brake drags or not applied • Defective adjustment of brake pedal (• Check, repair)
linkage (• Replace)
• Vent hole of brake valve is clogged • Clean
Brakes squeal • Disc is worn (• Replace disc)

• Large amount of water in axle oil • Change axle oil
• Deteriorated axle oil due to over-use • Change axle oil
of brake
Parking brake
Poor braking effect • Linkage is loose • Adjust

• Disc is worn (• Replace disc)
WA320-5L 2-111
OPERATION
Steering
Steering wheel is heavy • Defective hydraulic system • Add oil to specified level (see
• Lack of oil EVERY 100 HOURS)
There is play in steering wheel • Steering cylinder pin is loose • Grease bearing. Or replace pin
and bushing where there is play
• Defective hydraulic system • Add oil to specified level (see
• Lack of oil EVERY 100 HOURS)
Hydraulic system
Bucket lacks lifting power • Lack of oil • Add oil to specified level. See
EVERY 100 HOURS
Bucket takes time to go up • Clogged hydraulic filter • Replace cartridge (see EVERY 2000
HOURS SERVICE)
Excessive bubbles in oil • Poor quality oil • Replace with good quality oil
• Lack of oil • Add oil to specified level (see
EVERY 100 HOURS)
• Air entering oil line • Bleed air (see EVERY 2000
HOURS)
Lack of oil pressure • Lack of oil causes pump to suck in • See EVERY 100 HOURS
air SERVICE for details of adding
oil, then see EVERY 2000
HOURS SERVICE for details on
bleeding air
Irregular movement of cylinder • Lack of oil • Add oil to specified level (See
EVERY 100 HOURS)
2-112 WA320-5L
OPERATION
ENGINE
Engine oil pressure caution pilot lamp • Low engine oil pan oil level (suck- • Add oil to specified level, see
lights up ing in air) CHECK BEFORE STARTING
• Clogged oil filter cartridge • Replace cartridge, see EVERY
500 HOURS SERVICE
• Defective tightening of oil pipe (• Check, repair)
joint, oil leakage from damaged
part
• Defective monitor (• Replace)
Steam is emitted from top part of radi- • Low cooling water level • Check, add cooling water, repair,
ator (pressure valve) see WHEN REQUIRED
Water temperature gauge is in red • Defective fan pump motor (• Check, repair)
range • Dirt or scale accumulated in cooling • Change cooling water, clean
Coolant temperature monitor lights up system inside of cooling system, see
WHEN REQUIRED
• Cooling fan in reverse (if equipped) ( • Check, repair (if equipped))
• Clogged radiator fin or damaged fin • Clean or repair, see WHEN
REQUIRED
• Defective thermostat (• Replace thermostat)
• Loose radiator filler cap (high alti- • Tighten cap or replace packing
tude operation)
• Defective monitor (• Replace)
Water temperature gauge is in white • Defective thermostat (• Replace thermostat)

range on left • Defective monitor (• Replace)
Engine does not start when starting • Lack of fuel • Add fuel, see CHECK BEFORE
motor is turned STARTING
•Air in fuel system • Repair place where air is sucked
in
•No fuel in fuel filter • Fill filter with fuel. See EVERY
500 HOURS SERVICE
• Defective injection pump or nozzle (• Replace pump or nozzle)
• Starting motor cranks engine too
slowly • See ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
• Starting motor does not turn
• Preheating pilot lamp does not light • See ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
up • See ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
• Defective valve clearance (Defec-
tive compression) (• Adjust valve clearance)
Exhaust gas is white or blue • Too much oil in oil pan • Add oil to specified level, see
CHECK BEFORE STARTING
• Improper fuel • Change to specified fuel
Exhaust gas occasionally turns black • Clogged air cleaner element • Clean or replace, see WHEN
REQUIRED
• Defective nozzle (• Replace nozzle)
• Defective compression (• See defective compression above)
WA320-5L 2-113
OPERATION
Combustion noise occasionally makes • Defective nozzle (• Replace nozzle)

breathing sound
Abnormal noise generated (combus- • Low grade fuel being used • Change to specified fuel
tion or mechanical) • Overheating • Refer to “Water temperature
gauge is in red range“ as above
• Damage inside muffler (• Replace muffler)
• Excessive valve clearance (• Adjust valve clearance)
2-114 WA320-5L
3MAINTENANCE
WA320-5L 3-1
MAINTENANCE
GUIDES TO MAINTENANCE
Do not carry out any inspection and maintenance operation that is not found in this manual.
CHECK SERVICE METER

Check the service meter reading every day to see if the time has come for any necessary maintenance to be carried out.
KOMATSU GENUINE REPLACEMENT PARTS

Use Komatsu genuine parts specified in the Parts Book as replacement parts.
KOMATSU GENUINE OILS

Use Komatsu genuine oils and grease. Choose oils and grease with proper viscosities specified for ambient temperature.
ALWAYS USE CLEAN WASHER FLUID

Use automobile window washer fluid, and be careful not to let any dirt get into it.
ALWAYS USE CLEAN OIL AND GREASE

Use clean oil and grease. Also, keep the containers of the oil and grease clean. Keep foreign materials away from oil and
grease.
CHECKING FOR FOREIGN MATERIALS IN DRAINED OIL AND ON FILTERS

After oil is changed or filters are replaced, check the old oil and filters for metal particles and foreign materials. Report the
finding of metal particles or foreign materials to maintenance personnel for suitable action.
FUEL STRAINER
Do not remove the strainer from the filler port when adding fuel.
WELDING INSTRUCTIONS
• Turn off the engine starting switch.
• Do not apply more than 200V continuously.
• Connect grounding cable within 1m (3.3 ft) from the area to be welded. If grounding cable is connected near instruments,
connectors, etc., the instruments may malfunction.
• If a seal or bearing happens to come between the welding part and grounding point, change the grounding point to avoid
such parts.
• Do not use the area around the work equipment pins or the hydraulic cylinders as the grounding point.
DO NOT DROP THINGS INSIDE MACHINE

• When opening inspection windows or the oil filler port of the tank for inspection, be careful not to drop nuts, bolts, or
tools inside the machine.
If such things are dropped inside the machine, it will cause damage and malfunction of the machine, and will lead to fail-
ure. If you drop anything inside the machine, always remove it immediately.
• Do not put unnecessary things in your pockets. Carry only things which are necessary for inspection.
3-2 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
DUSTY WORK SITES
When working at dusty work sites, do as follows:
• Inspect the dust indicator frequently to see if the air cleaner is dirty or clogged.
• Clean the radiator core frequently to avoid clogging.
• Clean and replace the fuel filter frequently.
• Clean electrical components, especially the starting motor and alternator, to avoid accumulation of dust.
• When inspecting or changing the oil, move the machine to a place that is free of dust to prevent dirt from getting into the
oil.
AVOID MIXING OIL

If a different type of oil has to be added, drain the old oil and replace all the oil with the new type of oil. Never mix different
kinds of oil.
LOCKING INSPECTION COVERS

Lock inspection cover in position securely with the lock bar. If inspection or maintenance is carried out with the inspection
cover not locked in position, there is a danger that it may be suddenly blown shut by the wind and cause injury to the worker.
BLEEDING AIR FROM HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT

If hydraulic oil equipment has been repaired or replaced and if the hydraulic hoses, pipes, etc. have been disconnected, it is
necessary to bleed air in the circuit. See “CHANGE HYDRAULIC OIL AND FILTER ELEMENT” on page 3-46.
PRECAUTIONS WHEN INSTALLING HYDRAULIC HOSES

When removing parts at locations where there are O-rings or gasket seals, clean the mounting surface, and replace with new
parts.
When doing this, be careful not to forget to assemble the O-rings and gaskets.
When installing the hoses, do not twist them or bend them into loops with a small radius.
This will cause damage to the hose and markedly reduce its service life.
CHECKS AFTER INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE

If you forget to carry out the checks after inspection and maintenance, unexpected problems may occur, and this may lead to
serious injury or property damage. Always do as follows.
• Checks after operation (with engine stopped)
• Have any inspection and maintenance points been forgotten?
• Have all inspection and maintenance items been carried out correctly?
• Have any tools or parts been dropped inside the machine? It is particularly dangerous if parts are dropped inside the
machine and get caught in the lever linkage mechanism.
• Is there any leakage of water or oil? Have all the bolts been tightened?
• Check when the engine is running.
• See “RUNNING THE MACHINE DURING MAINTENANCE” on page 1-29 for checking when the engine is run-
ning. Pay attention to safety.
• Check if the inspected and maintenance area is operating normally.
• Increase the engine speed to check for fuel and oil leakage.
WA320-5L 3-3
MAINTENANCE
OUTLINES OF SERVICE
HANDLING OIL, FUEL, COOLANT, AND PERFORMING OIL CLINIC

OIL
• Oil is used in the engine and work equipment under extremely severe conditions (high temperature, high pressure), and
deteriorates with use.
Always use oil that matches the grade and temperature for use given in the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
Even if the oil is not dirty, always change the oil after the specified interval.
• Oil corresponds to blood in the human body, so always be careful when handling it to prevent any impurities (water, metal
particles, dirt, etc.) from getting into the oil.
• The majority of problems with machines are caused by the entry of such impurities.
• Take particular care not to let any impurities get in when storing or adding oil.
• Never mix oils of different grades or brands.
• Always add the specified amount of oil.
• Having too much oil or too little oil are both causes of problems.
• If the oil in the work equipment is not clear, there is probably water or air getting into the circuit. In such cases, please
contact your Komatsu distributor.
• When changing the oil, always replace the related filters at the same time.
• We recommend that you have an analysis made of the oil periodically to check the condition of the machine. For those
who wish to use this service, please contact your Komatsu distributor.
FUEL
• The fuel pump is a precision instrument. If fuel containing water or dirt is used, it cannot work properly.
• Be extremely careful not to let impurities get in when storing or adding fuel.
• Always use the fuel specified in the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
Fuel may congeal depending on the temperature when it is used (particularly in low temperature below -15°C (5°F)). It is
necessary to use the fuel that is suitable for the temperature.
• To prevent the moisture in the air from condensing and forming water inside the fuel tank, always fill the fuel tank after
completing the day's work.
• Before starting the engine, or when 10 minutes have passed after adding fuel, drain the sediment and water from the fuel
tank.
• If the engine runs out of fuel, or if the filters have been replaced, it is necessary to bleed the air from the circuit.
COOLANT
• River water contains large amount of calcium and other impurities. If it is used, scale will stick to the engine and radiator,
and this will cause defective heat exchange and overheating.
Do not use water that is not suitable for drinking.
• When using antifreeze, always observe the precautions given in the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
• This antifreeze is also effective in preventing corrosion on the parts of the engine cooling system. It may be continuously
used for two years or 4000 hours of operation; it may be used throughout the year.
• Antifreeze is flammable. Be extremely careful not to expose it to flame or fire.
• The proportion of antifreeze to water differs according to the ambient temperature.
For details of the mixing proportions, see “CLEAN INSIDE OF COOLING SYSTEM” on page 3-19.
• If the engine overheats, wait for the engine to cool before adding coolant.
• If the coolant level is low, it will cause overheating and will also cause problems with corrosion from the air in the cool-
ant.
3-4 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
GREASE
• Grease is used to prevent twisting and noise at the joints.
• The nipples not included in the maintenance section are nipples for overhaul; they do not need grease.
If any part becomes stiff after being used for a long time, add grease.
• Always wipe off all of the old grease that is pushed out when greasing.
Be particularly careful to wipe off the old grease from places where sand or dirt sticking in the grease would cause wear of
the rotating parts.
KOWA (Komatsu Oil Wear Analysis)

KOWA is a maintenance service that makes it possible to prevent machine failures and downtime. With KOWA, the oil is peri-
odically sampled and analyzed. This enables early detection of wear of the machine drive parts and other abnormalities.
Periodic use of KOWA makes the following possible:
• It enables abnormalities to be detected early, leading to reduction of repair costs and machine downtime.
• It enables repair schedules to be planned, leading to improved machine availability.
KOWA analysis items

• Analysis of metal wear particles
This uses an ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) analyzer to measure
the density of metal wear particles in the oil.
• Measurement of particle quantity

This uses a PQI (Particle Quantifier Index) measurer to measure the
quantity of large iron particles in the oil.
• Others
Measurements are made of items such as the ratio of water or fuel in
the oil, and the dynamic viscosity.
Oil sampling
• Sampling interval
250 hours: Engine
500 hours: Other components
• Precautions when sampling
• Make sure that the oil is well mixed before sampling.
• Gather samples regularly at fixed intervals.
• Do not perform sampling on rainy or windy days when water or dust can get into the oil.
For further details of KOWA, please contact your Komatsu distributor.
WA320-5L 3-5
MAINTENANCE
STORING OIL AND FUEL
• Keep indoors to prevent any water, dirt, or other impurities from getting in.
• When keeping drum cans for a long period, put the drum on its side so that the filler port of the drum can is at the side to
prevent moisture from being sucked in.
If drum cans have to be stored outside, cover them with a waterproof sheeting, or take other measures to protect them.
• To prevent any change in quality during long-term storage, be sure to use in the order of first in - first out (use the oldest
oil or fuel first).
FILTERS
• Filters are extremely important safety parts. They prevent impurities in the fuel and air circuits from entering important
equipment and causing problems.
Replace all filters periodically. For details, see the Operation and Maintenance Manual.
However, when working in severe conditions, replace the filters at shorter intervals according to the oil and fuel (sulfur
content) being used.
• Never try to clean the filters (cartridge type) and use them again. Always replace with new filters.
• When replacing oil filters, check if any metal particles are affixed to the old filter. If any metal particles are found, please
contact your Komatsu distributor.
• Do not open packs of spare filters until just before they are to be used.
• Always use Komatsu genuine filters.
OUTLINE OF ELECTRIC SYSTEM

• It is extremely dangerous if the electrical equipment becomes wet or the covering of the wiring is damaged. This will
cause an electrical short circuit and may lead to malfunction of the machine. Do not wash the inside of the operator's cab
with water. When washing the machine, be careful not to let water get into the electrical components.
• Service relating to the electric system is checking fan belt tension, checking damage or wear in the fan belt, and checking
battery fluid level.
• Never install any electric components other than those specified by Komatsu.
• External electro-magnetic interference may cause malfunction of the control system controller. Before installing a radio
receiver or other wireless equipment, please contact your Komatsu distributor.
• When working at the seashore, carefully clean the electric system to prevent corrosion.
• The optional power source must never be connected to the fuse, starting switch, or battery relay.
3-6 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
WEAR PARTS
Replace wear parts such as the filter element or air cleaner element at the time of periodic maintenance or before they reach the
wear limit. The wear parts should be replaced correctly in order to ensure more economical use of the machine. When replac-
ing parts, always use Komatsu genuine parts.
As a result of our continuous efforts to improve product quality, the part number may change, so inform your Komatsu distrib-
utor of the machine serial number and check the latest part number when ordering parts.
WEAR PARTS LIST

The parts in parentheses are to be replaced at the same time.
Item Part No. Part Name Qty Replacement Frequency
Engine oil filter Cartridge 1 EVERY 500 HOURS
Fuel filter Cartridge 1 EVERY 500 HOURS
HST filter Cartridge 1 EVERY 1000 HOURS
Transfer strainer O-ring 1 EVERY 1000 HOURS
Hydraulic filter Cartridge 1 EVERY 2000 HOURS
Hydraulic tank breather Element 1 EVERY 2000 HOURS
Air cleaner Element assembly 1 ---
fresh Element 1 EVERY 2000 HOURS

Air conditioner filter
recirc Element 2 EVERY 2000 HOURS
Center edge 1
Side edge 2
Bolt on cutting edge (Bolt) (8) ---
(Nut) (8)
(Washer) (8)
Electrical intake air heater Gasket 2 ---
WA320-5L 3-7
MAINTENANCE
FLUID USE ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE
PROPER SELECTION OF FUEL, COOLANT, AND LUBRICANTS

Ambient Temperature Capacity L (gal)
Reservoir Fluid -22 -4 14 32 50 68 86 104 122°F
Specified Refill
-30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50°C
SAE 0W30EOS (Ref 1)
SAE 5W40EOS (Ref 1)
20 19.5
Engine Oil Pan Engine Oil SAE 10W30DH
(5.28) (5.15)
SAE 15W40DH
SAE 30DH
Power train 7.7 6.9

Transfer Case TO10
Oil (Ref 2) (2.03) (1.82)
Power train
TO10
Oil
Hydraulic 135 96
System (35.67) (25.36)
Hydraulic Oil HO46-HM
Front Differen- 18 18
tial Axle Oil AX080 (4.76) (4.76)
Rear Differential each each
175 89
HST System Engine Oil SAE 10W30-DH
(46.24) (25.51)
Hypergrease
G2-T, G2-TE
(Ref 3)
Greasing System
Lithium EP
G2-L1
Grease
17.5 17.5
Cooling System Supercoolant AF-NAC (Ref 4)
(4.62) (4.62)
ASTM No.2-D
184 184
Fuel Tank Diesel Fuel
(48.61) (48.61)
ASTM No.1-D
3-8 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
SAE: Society of Automotive Engineers
ASTM: American Society of Testing and Material
Remark
Use only diesel fuel.
The engine mounted on this machine uses electronic control and a high-pressure fuel injection system to
obtain good fuel consumption and good exhaust gas characteristics. It requires high precision for the parts and
good lubrication to maintain the system.
If kerosene (or other fuels with low lubricating ability) is used, the durability of the engine will be affected.
Ref 1: SAE 0W30EOS and SAE 5W40EOS must be fully synthetic and the HTHS (High Temperature High Shear Viscosity @
150°C (302°F) as specified by ASTM D4741) must be equal to or higher than 3.5 mPa-S. Komatsu EOS0W30 and EOS5W40
are the most suitable oils. If these oils are not available, only the oils meeting either API CI-4 or JASO DH-1 standards may be
used. Please contact your Komatsu distributor for approved sources.
Ref 2: Power train oil has different properties from engine oil. Be sure to use the recommended oils.
Ref 3: Hypergrease (G2-T, G2-TE) is a high performance lubricant. When it is necessary to improve the lubricating ability of
the grease in order to prevent squeaking of pins and bushings, G2-T or G2-TE is recommended.
Ref 4: Supercoolant AF-NAC has the important function of anticorrosion as well as antifreeze. Even in areas were freezing is
not an issue, the use of antifreeze coolant is essential. Komatsu Supercoolant AF-NAC has excellent anticorrosion, antifreeze
and cooling properties and can be used continuously for 2 years or 4000 hours. Komatsu Supercoolant AF-NAC is strongly
recommended wherever available.
Supercoolant AF-NAC may be supplied in a premix. When using the premix, always top off with the premix solution. Never
dilute the premix with water. To maintain the anticorrosion properties of Supercoolant AF-NAC, always keep the density of
Supercoolant between 30% and 68%.
When using commercially available fluids other than Komatsu genuine fluids or to verify the latest specifications, consult your
Komatsu distributor.
WA320-5L 3-9
MAINTENANCE
STANDARD TIGHTENING TORQUES FOR BOLTS AND NUTS
TORQUE LIST
If nuts, bolts, or other parts are not tightened to the specified torque, it will cause looseness or damage to
the tightened parts, and this will cause failure of the machine or problems with operation.
Always pay careful attention when tightening parts.
Unless otherwise specified, tighten the metric nuts and bolts to the torque
values shown in the following table.
If it is necessary to replace any nut or bolt, always use a Komatsu genuine
part of the same size as the part that was replaced.
Tightening Torque
Thread Width
diameter across
Target Value Service Limit
of bolt flats
(a)(mm) (b)(mm)
N·m kgf·m lbf ft N·m kgf·m lbf ft
6 10 13.2 1.35 9.8 11.8-14.7 1.2-1.5 8.7-10.8

8 13 31 3.2 23.1 27-34 2.8-3.5 20.3-25.3
10 17 66 6.7 48.5 59-74 6.0-7.5 43.4-54.2
12 19 113 11.5 83.2 98-123 10.0-12.5 72.3-90.4
14 22 172 17.5 126.6 153-190 15.5-19.5 112.1-141
16 24 260 26.5 191.7 235-285 23.5-29.5 170.0-213.4

18 27 360 37 267.6 320-400 33.0-41.0 238.7-296.6
20 30 510 52.3 378.3 455-565 46.5-58.0 336.3-419.5
22 32 688 70.3 508.5 610-765 62.5-78.0 452.1-564.2
24 36 883 90 651 785-980 80.0-100.0 578.6-723.3
27 41 1295 132.5 958.4 1150-1440 118.0-147.0 853.5-1063.3

30 46 1720 175.0 1265.8 1520-1910 155.0-195.0 1121.1-1410.4
33 50 2210 225.0 1627.4 1960-2450 200.0-250.0 1446.6-1808.3
36 55 2750 280.0 2025.2 2450-3040 250.0-310.0 1808.3-2242.2
39 60 3280 335.0 2423.1 2890-3630 295.0-370.0 2133.7-2676.2
Consult the following table for Hydraulic Hose.
Tightening Torque
Width
Nominal -
across Target Value Permissible Range
No. of
flats (b)
Threads (a)
(mm) N·m kgf·m lbf ft N·m kgf·m lbf ft
9/16 -
19 44 4.5 32.5 35-63 3.5-6.5 25.3-47.0
18UNF
11/16 -16UN 22 74 7.5 54.2 54-93 5.5-9.5 39.8-68.7
13/16 -16UN 27 103 10.5 75.9 84-132 8.5-13.5 61.5-97.6
1 -14UNS 32 157 16.0 115.7 128-186 13.0-19.0 94.0-137.4
13/16 -12UN 36 216 22.0 159.1 177-245 18.0-25.0 130.2-180.8
3-10 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF SAFETY CRITICAL PARTS
To use the machine safely for an extended period of time, you must periodically replace the safety critical and fire prevention-
related parts listed in the table of important parts.
Material quality of these parts can change as time passes and they are subject to wear and deterioration. However, it is difficult
to determine the extent of wear or deterioration at the time of periodic maintenance. Hence, it is required to replace them with
new ones after a certain period of usage regardless of their apparent condition. This is important to ensure that these parts
maintain their full performance at all times.
Furthermore, should anything abnormal be found on any of these parts, replace it with a new one even if the periodic replace-
ment time for the part has not yet arrived.
Inspect hoses and hose clamps for deterioration such as deformation or cracking. Replace the clamps at the same time as the
hoses.
Also carry out the following checks with hydraulic hoses which need not be replaced periodically. Tighten a loosened clamp or
replace a defective hose, as required.
When replacing the hoses, always replace the O-rings, gaskets, and other related parts at the same time.
Ask your Komatsu distributor to replace the critical parts.
No. Safety critical parts for periodic replacement Qty Replacement interval
1 Fuel hose (fuel tank - water separator) 1
2 Fuel hose (water separator - pump) 1
3 Fuel return hose (pump - fuel tank) 1
4 Fuel spill hose (tube - fuel tank) 1
5 Turbocharger lubricating hose 1
6 Steering hose (pump - priority valve) 1
7 Steering hose (priority valve - orbitrol valve) 1
8 Steering hose (orbitrol valve - steering cylinder) 6

Every 2 years or
9 Steering hose (steering cylinder line - cushion valve) 2 every 4000 hours,
10 Packings, seals, O-rings of steering cylinder 2 whichever
comes first
11 Brake hose (gear pump - master cylinder) 1
12 Brake hose (master cylinder - front brake) 2
13 Brake hose (master cylinder - rear brake) 2
14 Brake hose (master cylinder - accumulator) 2
15 Brake hose (accumulator - charge valve) 2
16 Brake hose (master cylinder - hydraulic tank) 1
17 Brake hose (charge valve - hydraulic tank) 1
18 O-rings and oil seals of brake valve 7
19 Seat belt 1 Every 3 years
WA320-5L 3-11
MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE CHART
INITIAL 250 HOURS SERVICE (ONLY AFTER THE FIRST 250 HOURS)
REPLACE HST OIL FILTER ELEMENT 3-43
REPLACE HYDRAULIC TANK FILTER ELEMENT 3-46
WHEN REQUIRED
CLEAN BELLY PANS, FAN SOLENOID 3-14
CHECK, CLEAN, OR REPLACE AIR CLEANER ELEMENT 3-16
CLEAN INSIDE OF COOLING SYSTEM 3-19
CHECK OIL LEVEL IN TRANSFER CASE, ADD OIL 3-22
CHECK AXLE OIL LEVEL, ADD OIL 3-23
CLEAN AXLE CASE BREATHER 3-24
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER CONDENSER 3-24
CHECK WINDOW WASHING FLUID LEVEL, ADD FLUID 3-25
CLEAN RADIATOR COOLING FINS 3-25
CHECK ELECTRICAL INTAKE AIR HEATER 3-25
REPLACE BOLT ON CUTTING EDGE 3-26
REPLACE BUCKET TEETH 3-26
CHECK AIR CONDITIONER 3-27
REPLACE SLOW-BLOW FUSE 3-28
SELECTION AND INSPECTION OF TIRES 3-29
EVERY 50 HOURS
DRAIN WATER, SEDIMENT FROM FUEL TANK 3-31
EVERY 100 HOURS SERVICE

LUBRICATE REAR AXLE PIVOT PIN 3-31
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER FRESH AIR FILTER ELEMENT 3-31
CHECK OIL LEVEL IN HYDRAULIC TANK, ADD OIL 3-32

CHECK BATTERY ELECTROLYTE LEVEL 3-33
CHECK PARKING BRAKE 3-35
CHECK AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR BELT TENSION, ADJUST 3-35
CHECK FOR LOOSE WHEEL HUB BOLTS, TIGHTEN 3-36
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER RECIRCULATION FILTER ELEMENT 3-36
LUBRICATING 3-37
3-12 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CHANGE OIL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, REPLACE ENGINE OIL FILTER CARTRIDGE 3-38
REPLACE FUEL FILTER CARTRIDGE 3-39
CLEAN WATER SEPARATOR STRAINER 3-40

CHANGE OIL IN TRANSFER CASE 3-41
CLEAN TRANSFER CASE BREATHER 3-42
REPLACE HST OIL FILTER ELEMENT 3-43
REPLACE CORROSION RESISTOR CARTRIDGE 3-44
LUBRICATING 3-44
CHECK MOUNTING PARTS OF TURBOCHARGER 3-45
CHECK PLAY OF TURBOCHARGER ROTOR 3-45
CHECK ALTERNATOR BELT TENSION, REPLACE 3-45

CHANGE HYDRAULIC OIL AND FILTER ELEMENT 3-46
REPLACE HYDRAULIC TANK BREATHER ELEMENT 3-47
CHANGE AXLE OIL (*) 3-48
REPLACE AIR CONDITIONER RECIRCULATION AIR FILTER, FRESH AIR FILTER 3-48
CLEAN BRAKE CIRCUIT STRAINER 3-49
CHECK ALTERNATOR, STARTING MOTOR 3-49
CHECK ENGINE VALVE CLEARANCE, ADJUST 3-49
CHECK BRAKE DISC WEAR 3-50
CLEAN AND CHECK TURBOCHARGER 3-51
CHECK ACCUMULATOR GAS PRESSURE 3-51
CHECK VIBRATION DAMPER 3-51
*: The interval of 2000 hours for changing the axle oil is for standard operations. If the brake is used fre-
quently or the brakes make noise, change the oil after a shorter interval.
LUBRICATING 3-52
CHECK WATER PUMP 3-52
WA320-5L 3-13
MAINTENANCE
SERVICE PROCEDURE
INITIAL 250 HOURS SERVICE

Carry out the following maintenance only after the first 250 hours.
REPLACE HST FILTER ELEMENT

REPLACE HYDRAULIC FILTER ELEMENT
For details of the method of replacing or maintaining, see the section on EVERY 1000 HOURS and 2000 HOURS SERVICE.
WHEN REQUIRED
CLEAN BELLY PANS, FAN SOLENOID
CLEAN TIPS
Never use flammable liquids to clean your machine. Use only
approved non-flammable cleaning solvents to clean parts or the
machine itself. Avoid using high-pressure steam cleaners or caustic
soaps to wash the machine, if possible. Steam cleaning or using caustic
soaps may damage paint, wiring, or sensitive electrical components.
Never use high-pressure water or flood the inside of the operator’s

cab. Doing so may damage sensitive electrical components.
When pressure washing, use high-pressure hot water and mild grease
cutting soaps.
WASTE HANDLER MACHINE

Before preparing to pressure wash this machine, it is important to open protective covers (1), (2) and (3) as well as any other
covers due to the possible build-up of trash which could hinder operation of the machine or possibly cause a fire.
★ Belly Pans
3-14 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
★ Air Cleaner and Exhaust area
Inspect areas (1) and (2) for excessive build up of trash.
After cleaning, grease the machine to push any water out of the
pivot point connections.
Always reinstall all protective covers.
FAN SOLENOID VALVE

★ Waste Handler
When cleaning the machine, this area should be protected from high-
pressure water and soaps. Due to the location and design of the fan sole-
noid valve, damage or premature failure may result if high-pressure
water or soaps come in contact with the solenoid valve assembly. Use
only mild soaps and low-pressure water to clean this valve.
Remark
This valve area should be cleaned every 250 hours of operation.
When washing around this area, it is advised to protect this component with a plastic cover.
WA320-5L 3-15
MAINTENANCE
CHECK, CLEAN OR REPLACE AIR CLEANER ELE-
MENT
Performing inspection, cleaning, or maintenance with the

engine running may allow dirt into the engine resulting in
damage. Stop the engine before these operations.
When using compressed air, there is danger that dirt may be
blown around and cause serious injury. Wear safety glasses,
dust mask, and other protective equipment.
CHECKING
Whenever the red piston in dust indicator (1) appears, clean the air cleaner
element.
Remark
Do not clean the air cleaner element before the dust indicator
becomes red.
If the element is cleaned frequently before the dust indicator
becomes red, the performance of the air cleaner is diminished
and the cleaning effect is lowered. In addition, dust sticking to
the element falls into the inner element each time the element is
cleaned.
CLEANING OUTER ELEMENT

1. Open the engine side cover on the right side of the machine.
2. Remove three clips (2), then remove cover (3).
Remark
Never remove inner element (5). If it is removed, dust will enter
the engine and cause trouble.
3. Remove outer element (4).
3-16 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
4. Clean the interior of the air cleaner body, cover (3), and evacuator
valve (6).
Remark
The inner element must not be used again even after its clean-
ing. When replacing the outer element, replace the inner ele-
ment at the same time.
5. Direct dry compressed air (Max. 0.69 MPa (7 kgf/cm2, 100.1 psi))
from the inside of the outer element along its folds. Then direct the
compressed air from the outside along the folds, and again from the
inside.
• Replace an outer element that has been cleaned six times or used
for one year. Replace the inner element at the same time.
• Replace both inner and outer elements if the dust indicator red
piston appears soon after installing the cleaned outer element even
though it has not been cleaned six times.
6. If small holes or thinner parts are found on the element when it is

checked by shining a light through it after cleaning, replace the ele-
ment.
Remark
Do not strike the element or beat it against anything to clean it.
Do not use an element whose folds, gasket, or seal are dam-
aged.
When installing the cover (3), check O-ring (7) and replace it
if there are any scratches or damage.
7. Set the cleaned outer element in position, then secure cover (3) with
mounting clips (2).
8. Press the button of dust indicator (1) to return the red piston to its orig-
inal position.
WA320-5L 3-17
MAINTENANCE
REPLACING ELEMENT
1. Open the engine side cover on the right side of the machine.
2. Remove three clips (2), then remove cover (3).
3. Remove outer element (4).

Do not remove inner element (5) at this time, however.
4. Clean the interior of the air cleaner body, cover (3), and evacuator
valve (6).
5. Remove inner element (5), then install a new inner element immedi-
ately.
6. Fit new outer element (4); replace O-ring (7) with a new part; install
cover (3); then secure with clips (2).
7. Return the red piston in the dust indicator (1) to its original position.
3-18 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CLEAN INSIDE OF COOLING SYSTEM
• Immediately after the engine is stopped, the engine coolant is hot and the pressure inside the radiator
is high. Removing the cap and draining the water under this condition could cause burns. Allow the
engine to cool down, then turn the cap slowly to release the pressure.
• Start the engine and flush the system. When standing up or leaving the operator's seat, set the safety
lock lever to the LOCK position.
• For details of starting the engine, see “CHECK BEFORE STARTING ENGINE, ADJUST” on page 2-60
and “STARTING ENGINE” on page 2-73.
• When the under cover is removed, there is danger of touching the fan.
• Never go to the rear of the machine when the engine is running.
Clean the inside of the cooling system, change the coolant, and replace the corrosion resistor according to the table below.
Cleaning inside of cooling system Adding corrosion

Kind of coolant
and changing coolant resistor agent KI
Permanent type antifreeze Every year (autumn) or every 2000

(All season type) hours, whichever comes first
Non-permanent type Every six months (spring Every 1000 hours and
antifreeze containing and autumn) when cleaning the inside
ethylene glycol (winter, (Drain antifreeze in spring, of the cooling system and
one season type) add antifreeze in autumn) when changing coolant.
Every six months or every 1000

When not using antifreeze
hours, whichever comes first
Stop the machine on level ground when cleaning or changing the coolant.
Use a permanent type of antifreeze.
If it is impossible to use permanent type antifreeze, use an antifreeze containing ethylene glycol.
Super Coolant (AF-ACL) has an anti-corrosion effect as well as an antifreeze effect.
The ratio of antifreeze to water depends on the ambient temperature, but to obtain the corrosion resistance effect, a minimum
ratio of 30% by volume is necessary.
In areas where the water is hard, always add Komatsu genuine corrosion resistor agent KI. One packet of corrosion resistor
agent contains 100g (0.22 lb). The standard density of the mixture should be 7g/liter (0.065 oz/US gal).
When deciding the ratio of antifreeze to water, check the lowest temperature in the past, and decide from the mixing rate table
given below.
It is actually better to estimate a temperature about 10°C (50°F) lower when deciding the mixing rate.
Mixing rate of water and antifreeze
Min. atmospheric °C - 10 - 15 - 20 - 25 - 30
temperature °F 14 5 -4 - 13 - 22
Liter 5.25 6.30 7.18 8.05 8.75

Amount of antifreeze
US gal 1.39 1.66 1.89 2.13 2.31
Liter 12.25 11.20 10.32 9.45 8.75

Amount of water
US gal 3.23 2.96 2.73 2.49 2.31
WA320-5L 3-19
MAINTENANCE
Antifreeze is flammable. Keep antifreeze away from sparks and flame.

Antifreeze is toxic. Be careful when removing the drain plug not to get water containing antifreeze on you.
If it gets in your eyes, flush your eyes with a large amount of fresh water and see a doctor at once.
Use city water for the coolant water.

If river water, well water, or other such water supply must be used, contact your Komatsu distributor.
We recommend use of an antifreeze density gauge to control the mixing proportions.
Prepare the following:

• Container to mix the coolant: Minimum 18 liters (4.76 US gal) capacity
• Water inlet hose.
1. Stop the engine.

2. Check that the cooling water temperature has gone down enough to
make it possible to touch the radiator cap surface by hand, then turn
radiator cap (1) slowly until it contacts the stopper to release the pres-
sure.
3. Push radiator cap (1); turn it until it contacts the stopper; remove it.
4. Set a container in position to catch drained antifreeze mixture, then

open valve (2) under the radiator to drain cooling water.
5. After draining the water, close drain valve (2) and fill with tap water.
6. When the radiator is full, start the engine and run it at low idling.
Keep the engine running at low idling for 10 minutes until the water
temperature reaches more than 90°C (194°F).
7. Stop the engine; open drain valves (2); drain the water; tighten them
again.
8. After draining the water, clean the cooling system with cleaning agent.
For the cleaning method, see the instructions for the cleaning agent.
9. Determine the proportions of antifreeze and water according to the
table for the mixing rate of water and antifreeze.
10. Remove the air from the cooling system by running the engine with
the radiator cap off for five minutes at low idling, and for another five minutes at high idling.
3-20 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
11. After draining off the cooling water of reserve tank (3), clean the
inside of the reserve tank and refill the water between FULL and LOW
level.
12. Stop the engine. Check level again after waiting three minutes. Supply
city water to the water filler as necessary, then close radiator cap.
WA320-5L 3-21
MAINTENANCE
CHECK OIL LEVEL IN TRANSFER CASE, ADD OIL
The parts and oil are at high temperature immediately after the engine is stopped and may cause burns.
Wait for the temperature to go down before starting the work.
Carry out this procedure if there is any sign of oil on the transfer case.
1. Start the engine and run it at low idling for at least five minutes.
2. Open the cap of oil filler port (F); remove dipstick (G); and wipe the
oil off with a cloth.
3. Insert dipstick (G) fully in the oil filler pipe, then take it out again.
4. The oil level should be between the H and L marks on dipstick (G).
If the oil level is below the L mark, add engine oil through oil filler
(F).
5. If the oil is above the H mark, drain the excess engine oil from drain
plug (P), and check the oil level again.
6. If the oil level is correct, insert dipstick (G) in the dipstick guide, then
tighten the cap.
3-22 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CHECK AXLE OIL LEVEL, ADD OIL
• When checking the oil level, apply the parking brake and secure the front and rear frames with the
safety bar.
• After stopping the engine, the parts and oil are at a high temperature. Wait for the temperature to go
down before starting the operation.
Carry out this procedure if there is any sign of oil on the axle case.
Carry out the inspection with the machine on a horizontal road surface.
(If the road surface is at an angle, the oil level cannot be checked correctly.)
1. Stop the engine and remove oil level plug (1).
Remark
Remove the mud and dirt from around plug (1), then remove the
plug.
2. Wipe off any oil adhering to the oil level gauge attached to plug (1)
with a cloth.
3. Set the oil level gauge (G) as shown in the diagram to the right.
4. The oil level is correct when it is between the two lines provided on
the oil level gauge.
If the oil level does not reach the lower line, add axle oil through filler
port (F).
5. If the oil level is above the upper line, drain off the excess oil through
drain plug (P) and check the oil level again.
6. If the oil level is correct, install plug (1).
Tightening torque: 108 ± 14.7 N·m (11 ± 1.5 kgf·m, 79.6 ± 10.8 lbf ft)
WA320-5L 3-23
MAINTENANCE
CLEAN AXLE CASE BREATHER
When cleaning the axle breather, apply the parking brake

and secure the front and rear frames with the safety bar.
Remove all mud and dirt from around the breather with a brush.
After removing the mud or dirt from around the breather, remove the
breather, immerse it in cleaning fluid, and clean it.
Clean the breathers at two places (front and rear).
After removing the breather, take steps to prevent dirt or dust from entering
the axle at the breather mounting.
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER CONDENSER
Do not wash the condenser with a steam cleaner. The con-

denser could be overheated and damaged.
High-pressure water can cause injury if it hits your body
directly or dirt is sent flying. Wear approved glasses, dust
mask, and other protective equipment.
If there is mud or dust on the air conditioner condenser, clean it off with water. Water applied with excessively high pressure
may deform the condenser fins. When using a high-pressure washing machine, apply the water from a reasonable distance.
WASHING METHOD
1. Open top cover (1) at the front of the engine hood.
2. Remove two mounting nuts (3) at the top of fan (2) and loosen two
nuts at the bottom.
3. Hold the top of fan (2) and tip it to the rear. A gap is formed between
the fan and condenser.
4. Wash with water from the top.
5. Return fan (2) to its original position, then install bolt (3).
3-24 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CHECK WINDOW WASHING FLUID LEVEL, ADD
FLUID
Check the washing fluid levels in washer tank (1). When the fluid has run
low, add automotive window washing fluid.
Be careful not to let dust get into the fluid.
CLEAN RADIATOR COOLING FINS
• Never open the engine side cover when the engine is running. Stop the engine completely before
starting the cleaning operation.
• If compressed air, pressurized water, or steam hits your body directly, or causes dirt to fly, it may cause
personal injury. Always wear safety glasses, dust mask, or other protective equipment.
Clean the radiator core or cleaner if mud or dirt is stuck to it.
1. Open rear grill (1).

2. Move lever (3) of fan guard (2) down to release the lock, then open
fan guard (2).
3. Use compressed air to clean the mud, dust, and leaves from the
radiator and oil cooler fins. Steam or water may be used instead of
compressed air.
Remark
If the steam jet nozzle is brought too close to the radiator fins,
it may damage the fins, so keep the nozzle a suitable
distance away from the fins when cleaning.
4. Check the rubber hose. Replace with a new one if the hose has
cracks or is hardened by aging. Also, check hose clamps for loose-
ness.
5. After cleaning, close fan guard (2); apply the lock; close rear grill (1).
CHECK ELECTRICAL INTAKE AIR HEATER

Before the start of the cold season (once a year), contact your Komatsu Dealer to have the electrical intake air heater
checked for dirt or disconnections.
WA320-5L 3-25
MAINTENANCE
REPLACE BOLT ON CUTTING EDGE
It is extremely dangerous if the work equipment moves when carrying out the turning or replacement
operation.
Set the work equipment in a stable position; stop the engine; then set the safety lock lever securely to the
LOCK position.
Turn or replace the cutting edge before the wear reaches the edge of the bucket.
1. Raise the bucket to a suitable height, then put blocks (A) under the
bucket to prevent the bucket from coming down. Raise the bucket
so that the bottom surface of the bucket is horizontal.
2. Remove nuts and bolts (1), then remove cutting edge (2).
3. Clean the mounting surface of cutting edge (2).
4. Turn cutting edge (2) and install it to the bucket. When turning the
edge, install it to the opposite side (left edge to right side, right edge
to left side). If both sides of the cutting edge are worn, replace with
a new part. If the wear extends to the mounting surface, repair the
mounting surface before installing the cutting edge.
5. Tighten nuts and bolts (1) uniformly so that there is no gap between
the bucket and cutting edge. Tightening torque for mounting bolt:
883 to 1196 Nm (90 to 122 kgfm (651 to 882 ft/lbs)
6. Tighten the mounting bolts again after operating for several hours.
REPLACE BUCKET TEETH

Replace the teeth before they wear down as far as the adapter.
1. Raise the bucket to a suitable height, then put blocks under the
bucket to prevent the bucket from coming down. Raise the bucket
so that the bottom surface of the bucket is horizontal.
2. Remove pin (2) installed to the bucket, then remove tooth (1). Put a
rod (slightly narrower than the pin) in contact with the hatched
portion (either left or right) and tap pin (2) out to the opposite side.
3. Install new tooth (1) in adapter (3); push in pin (2) partially by
hand; then knock it in with a hammer.
4. After operating the machine for a few hours, check that the pin does
not come out.
3-26 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CHECK AIR CONDITIONER
CHECK LEVEL OF REFRIGERANT (GAS)
If the refrigerant used in the cooler gets into your eyes or on

your hands, it may cause loss of sight or frostbite. Do not
touch the refrigerant. Never loosen any part of the refrigerant
circuit.
Do not bring any sparks or flame close to any point where
the refrigerant gas is leaking.
If there is a lack of refrigerant (gas), the cooling performance will be poor.

When operating the cooler at high speed with the engine at full throttle, use
the receiver sight glass (inspection window) to check the condition of the
refrigerant gas (Freon R134a) flowing in the refrigerant circuit.
• No bubbles in refrigerant flow: Suitable
• Some bubbles in flow (bubbles pass continuously): Lack of refrigerant
• Colorless, transparent: No refrigerant
Remark
When there are bubbles, the refrigerant gas level is low, so con-
tact your refrigerant dealer to have refrigerant added. If the air
conditioner is run with the refrigerant gas level low, it will dam-
age the compressor.
OPERATING THE AIR CONDITIONER OFF SEASON

Even during the off-season, operate the air conditioner for three to five minutes once a month to maintain the oil film at all
parts of the compressor.
WA320-5L 3-27
MAINTENANCE
REPLACE SLOW-BLOW FUSE
Remark
Always turn the power OFF when replacing the slow-blow fuse
(turn the starting switch to the OFF position).
Always replace the slow-blow fuse with a fuse of the same
capacity.
1. Turn the starting switch to the OFF position.
2. Remove the slow-blow fuse box from the chassis.
3. Open covers (1), (2), and (3) of the slow-blow fuse box.
Covers (2) and (3) can be removed easily by using protrusion (A) on
the body as a fulcrum and levering the catch of the cover with a flat-
headed screwdriver to release it.
4. Loosen screws (4) and (5), and remove them.
When screws (4) and (5) are removed, slow-blow fuse (6) will also
come off together with electric wiring (7) and (8).
5. Using screws (4) and (5), install a new slow-blow fuse together with
electric wiring (7) and (8) to the slow-blow fuse box, then close covers
(1), (2), and (3).
6. Install the slow-blow fuse box to the chassis.
3-28 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
SELECTION AND INSPECTION OF TIRES
If a tire or a rim is mishandled, the tire may burst or may be

damaged and the rim may be broken and scattered. Flying
pieces can cause serious injury or death.
• Since maintenance, disassembly, repair, and assembly
of the tires and rims require special equipment and skill,
be sure to ask a tire repair shop to carry out the work.
• Do not heat or weld the rim to which the tire is installed.
Keep heat and/or fire away from the tire.
SELECTION OF TIRES
Select the tires according to the conditions of use and the weight of the attachments on the machine. Use
only specified tires and inflate them to the specified pressure.
Select the tires according to the conditions of use and the weight of the attachments of the machine. Use the following table.
Since the travel speed indicated on the speedometer varies with the tire size, consult your Komatsu distributor when using
optional tires.
Maximum Load [kg Tire Size

(lb)]
Standard Front and Rear 6,775 (14939) 20.5-25-12PR
If equipped Front and Rear 6,070 (13384) 17.5-25-12PR
WA320-5L 3-29
MAINTENANCE
CHECK INFLATION PRESSURE OF TIRES
When inflating a tire, check that no one will enter the working
area. Use an air chuck which has a clip so it can be fixed to
the air valve while personnel are kept at a safe distance.
• While inflating the tire, check the inflation pressure occa-
sionally so that it will not rise too high.
• If the rim is not fitted normally, it may be broken and
scattered while the tire is inflated. To ensure safety, place
a guard or sturdy fencing around the tire. Do not work in
front of the rim but work on the tread side of the tire.
• Abnormal drop of inflation pressure and abnormal fitting
of the rim indicate trouble in the tire or rim. In this case,
be sure to ask a tire repair shop to carry out repairs.
• Be sure to observe the specified inflation pressure.
• Do not adjust the inflation pressure of the tires just after
high-speed travel or heavy-duty work.
CHECK
Measure the inflation pressure with a tire pressure gauge while the tires are cool before starting work.
INFLATION OF TIRES
Adjust the inflation pressure properly. When inflating a tire, use an air chuck which can be fixed to the air valve of the tire as
shown in the figure. Do not work in front of the rim but work on the tread side of the tire.
The proper inflation pressure is shown below.
Tire Size Inflation Pressure
Front tire: 0.27 MPa (2.8 kgf/cm2, 39.2 PSI)

Standard 20.5-25-12PR
Rear tire: 0.27 MPa (2.8 kgf/cm2, 39.2 PSI)
Front tire: 0.34 MPa (3.5 kgf/cm2, 49.3 PSI)

If equipped 17.5-25-12PR
Rear tire: 0.34 MPa (3.5 kgf/cm2, 49.3 PSI)
Remark
The optimum inflation pressure differs according to the type of work. For details, see “HANDLING THE TIRES”
on page 2-95.
3-30 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
DRAIN WATER, SEDIMENT FROM FUEL TANK
Loosen valve (1) on the left side of the tank so that the sediment and water
will be drained together with fuel.

Maintenance for every 50 hours service should be carried out at the same time.
LUBRICATE REAR AXLE PIVOT PIN

(3 places)
1. Using a grease pump, pump in grease through the grease fittings

marked by the arrows.
2. After greasing, wipe off any old grease that was pushed out.
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER FRESH AIR FILTER ELEMENT
If compressed air is used, there is danger that dirt may fly and cause personal injury.
Always wear safety glasses, dust mask, and other protective equipment.
If the air conditioner has been used, the air filter should be cleaned.
Stop the air conditioner before cleaning the element.
1. Open cover (1).

2. Remove bracket (2) and filter (3) as one unit.
3. Direct dry compressed air (less than 0.69 MPa (7 kgf/ cm2, 100.1 PSI))
to the element from inside along its folds, then direct it from outside
along its folds and again from inside.
4. When installing, fit filter (3) into bracket (2), then install.
WA320-5L 3-31
MAINTENANCE
CHECK OIL LEVEL IN HYDRAULIC TANK, ADD OIL
• The parts and oil are at high temperature after the engine is stopped, and may cause burns. Wait for the
temperature to go down before starting the work.
• When removing the oil filler cap, turn it slowly to release the internal pressure, then remove it.
1. Lower the bucket horizontally to the ground and stop the engine. Wait
for five minutes, then check sight gauge (G). The oil level should be
between the H and L marks.
Remark
Do not add oil above the H line. This will damage the hydraulic
circuit or cause the oil to spurt out. If oil has been added to
above the H level, stop the engine and wait for the hydraulic oil
to cool down, then drain the excess oil from drain plug (P).
2. If the oil is below the L level, add oil to the hydraulic tank as follows.
A. Remove cover (1).
B. Keep grip (2) pulled, then turn oil filler cap (F) counterclockwise
and remove it.
C. Refill the specified quantity of oil through oil filler (F).
D. After adding oil, install oil filler cap (F) and cover (1).
3-32 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
Maintenance for every 50 and 100 hours service should be carried out at the same time.
CHECK BATTERY ELECTROLYTE LEVEL

Carry out this check before operating the machine.
Do not use the battery if the battery electrolyte level is below the LOWER LEVEL line. This will accelerate
deterioration of the inside of the battery and reduce the service life of the battery. In addition, it may also
cause an explosion.
• The battery generates flammable gas and there is danger of explosion. Do do not bring fire or sparks
near the battery.
• Battery electrolyte is dangerous. If it gets in your eyes or on your skin, wash it off with a large amount
of water and consult a doctor.
• When adding distilled water to the battery, do not allow the battery electrolyte to go above the UPPER
LEVEL line. If the electrolyte level is too high, it may leak and cause damage to the paint surface or cor-
rode other parts.
Remark
When adding distilled water in cold weather, add it before starting operations in the morning to prevent the
electrolyte from freezing.
Inspect the battery electrolyte level at least once a month and follow the basic safety procedures given below.
CHECKING ELECTROLYTE LEVEL FROM SIDE OF BATTERY

If it is possible to check the electrolyte level from the side of the battery, check as follows.
1. Open the cover of the battery box.
There are two battery boxes, one on each side at the rear of the machine.
2. Use a wet cloth to clean the area around the electrolyte level lines and
check that the electrolyte level is between the UPPER LEVEL (U.L.)
and LOWER LEVEL (L.L.) lines.
If the battery is wiped with a dry cloth, static electricity may

create sparks that cause a fire or explosion.
3. If the electrolyte level is below the midway point between the U.L. and
L.L. lines, remove cap (1) and add distilled water to the U.L. line.
4. If distilled water has been added to any cell of cap (1), add distilled
water also to the other cells.
5. Clean the vents of the battery caps, then close the caps securely.
Keep the top of the battery clean and wipe it with a wet cloth.
Remark
If distilled water is added to above the U.L. line, use a syringe to
lower the level to the U.L. line. Neutralize the excess fluid with
baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), and then flush it away with a
large amount of water or consult your Komatsu distributor or
battery maker.
WA320-5L 3-33
MAINTENANCE
WHEN IMPOSSIBLE TO CHECK ELECTROLYTE LEVEL FROM SIDE OF BATTERY
If it is impossible to check the electrolyte level from the side of the battery, or there is no display of the UPPER LEVEL line on
the side of the battery, check as follows.
1. Open the cover of the battery box.
There are two battery boxes, one on each side at the rear of the
machine.
2. Remove cap (1) at the top of the battery and look through the water
filler port to check the electrolyte surface. If the electrolyte does not
reach the sleeve, add distilled water so that the level reaches the bot-
tom of the sleeve (UPPER LEVEL line).
3. If distilled water has been added to any cell of cap (1), add distilled
water also to the other cells.
Use the diagram below for reference, and check if the electrolyte reaches
the bottom of the sleeve.
4. After adding distilled water, tighten cap (1) securely.
Remark
If distilled water is added to above the bottom of the sleeve, use a syringe to lower the level to the bottom of the
sleeve. Neutralize the removed fluid with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate), then flush it away with a large
amount of water or consult your Komatsu distributor or battery maker.
WHEN POSSIBLE TO USE INDICATOR TO CHECK ELECTROLYTE LEVEL

If it is possible to use an indicator to check the electrolyte level, follow the instructions given.
3-34 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CHECK PARKING BRAKE
1. Park the machine on a dry downhill slope with a 1/5 (11 degree
20’) grade; lower the bucket to 5-10 inches above the ground; shift
the directional lever to neutral position; pull the parking brake lever
fully up to the lock position; turn the engine key off; release the
service brakes; and confirm that:
• The parking brake when fully applied holds the machine in
this position.
• The warning light and sound alarm goes off only if the parking
brake is fully applied.
Never get out of the cab and go in front of the machine while
checking the parking brake function.
2. Please contact your Komatsu distributor if any abnormality is found
CHECK AIR CONDITIONER COMPRESSOR BELT TENSION, ADJUST

CHECKING
1. Open the engine side cover on the left side of the chassis.
2. Standard deflection (a) between air conditioner compressor pulley (1)

and fan pulley (2) when pressed with a thumb (approximately 98 N (22
lbf)) should be approximately 9.5 to 13.5 mm (0.4 to 0.5 in).
When a belt tension gauge is used, the standard tension is within a
range of 353 to 549 N (79-123 lbf).
CHECK WHEN CHANGING THE V-BELT

The standard deflection between the air conditioner compressor pulley and
fan pulley when pressed with a thumb (approximately 98 N (22 lbf))
should be approximately 7 to 10 mm (0.28 to 0.4 in).
When a belt tension gauge is used, the standard tension is within a range of
533 to 745 N (120-167 lbf).
Remark
When the belt has been replaced with a new part, higher tension is necessary, so the initial tension is shown in
the value given above.
WA320-5L 3-35
MAINTENANCE
ADJUSTING
Open the engine side cover on the right side of the machine.
When adjusting, loosen four bolts (1), turn two adjustment bolts (2), and
move bracket (3) and the compressor as one unit.
After adjusting, tighten bolt (1) and the locknut of bolt (2).
Remark
Check each pulley for damage, wear of the V-groove, and wear
of the V-belt. In particular, be sure to check that the V-belt is not
touching the bottom of the V-groove.
In case any of the following occurs, ask the Komatsu distributor

in your territory to replace the belts with new ones.
• The fan belt has stretched, leaving little adjustment.
• A cut or crack is found on the belt.
• Slipping or creaking sound is heard coming from the belt.
When the new V-belt is set, readjust it after one hour of operation.
CHECK FOR LOOSE WHEEL HUB BOLTS, TIGHTEN

If wheel hub nuts (1) are loose, tire wear will be increased and may cause
accidents.
1. Check for loose nuts, and tighten if necessary.
When checking for loose nuts, always turn the nuts in the direction of
tightening to check.
Tightening torque: 927 ± 103 N·m (94.5 ± 10.5 kgf·m, 683.5 ± 75.9 lbf
ft)
2. If any stud bolt is broken, replace all the stud bolts for that wheel.
CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER RECIRCULATION FILTER

ELEMENT
1. Loosen knob (1), remove filter inspection cover (2), then open filter
inspection cover (3).
2. Pull out filters (4) and (5) in the direction of the arrow.
3. Clean with compressed air in the same way as for the fresh air filter.
If the filter is extremely dirty, rinse it in water.
After rinsing the filter, dry it completely before installing it again.
3-36 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
LUBRICATING
Using a grease pump, pump in grease through the grease fittings marked by
the arrows.
After greasing, wipe off any old grease that was pushed out.
Remark
On job sites where there is a lot of heavy-duty work, or where
operations are carried out continuously for more than eight
hours, reduce the greasing interval and carry out greasing more
frequently.
(1) Bucket pin (2 places)

(2) Tilt lever pin (1 place)
(3) Bucket link pin (2 places)
(4) Dump cylinder pin (2 places)
(5) Lift cylinder pin (4 places)
(6) Lift arm pivot pin (2 places)
(7) Steering cylinder pin (4 places)
WA320-5L 3-37
MAINTENANCE
Maintenance for every 50, 100, and 250 hours service should be carried out at the same time.
CHANGE OIL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, REPLACE ENGINE OIL FILTER CARTRIDGE
• Refill capacity: 19.5 liters (5.15 US gal)

• Filter wrench
2. Open oil filler (F).
3. Place a container to catch the oil under drain plug (P).
4. Loosen drain plug (P) and drain the oil. Be careful not to get oil on
yourself.
5. Check the drained oil, and if there are excessive metal particles or for-
eign material, please contact your Komatsu distributor.
6. Tighten drain plug (P).
7. Open the engine side cover on the left side of the chassis.
8. Using the filter wrench, turn filter cartridge (1) counterclockwise to
remove it.
9. Clean the filter holder; fill the new filter cartridge with engine oil; then
coat the seal and thread of the filter cartridge with engine oil (or coat
thinly with grease) and install.
10. When installing the seal, tighten it so its surface comes into contact
with the filter holder, then tighten another 3/4 turn.
11. After replacing the filter cartridge, add engine oil through oil filler (F)
until the oil level is between the H and L marks on the dipstick (G).
12. Run the engine at idling for a short time, then stop the engine and
check that the oil is between the H and L marks on the dipstick. For
details, see “CHECK OIL LEVEL IN ENGINE OIL PAN, ADD OIL”
on page 2-63.
3-38 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
REPLACE FUEL FILTER CARTRIDGE
• Engine is at high temperature immediately after the machine has been operated. Wait for engine to cool
down before replacing the filter.
• Do not bring fire or sparks near the fuel.
Remark
If the machine has run out of fuel, use Steps 3 to 10 to bleed the air.
• Container to catch the fuel
• Filter wrench
2. Set the container to catch the fuel under the filter cartridge.
3. Using a filter wrench, turn filter cartridge (1) counterclockwise to
remove it.
4. Clean the filter holder; fill a new filter cartridge with clean fuel; coat
the packing surface with engine oil; then install it to the filter holder.
Add fuel from small hole (A) (dirty side) at eight places. Do not add
fuel from hole (B) (clean side) at the center.
Remark
If the filter cartridge is tightened excessively, the packing will be
damaged and fuel will leak. If the filter cartridge is too loose, fuel
will also leak from the packing, so always tighten to the correct
amount.
5. When installing, screw in cartridge until seal comes in contact with

sealing surface, then tighten an additional 1/2 turn approximately.
6. Add fuel to the fuel tank until full (to FULL mark on the fuel gauge).
7. Loosen air bleed plug (2).
8. Loosen the knob of feed pump (3), then pump it up and down until no more bubbles come out with the fuel from air bleed
plug (2).
9. After bleeding the air, tighten air bleed plug (2), then push in the knob of priming pump (3) and tighten it.
Tightening torque for air bleed plug: 7.8 to 11.8 N·m (0.8 to 1.2 kgf·m, 5.8 to 8.7 lbf ft)
10. After bleeding the air, start the engine and check that there is no fuel leakage from the filter seal surface. If there is any
leakage, check the tightening of the filter cartridge. If there is still leakage, follow Step 2 and 3 to remove the filter car-
tridge, then check the packing surface for damage or foreign material. If any damage or foreign material is found in the
packing, replace the cartridge with a new part, then repeat Steps 4 - 7 to install the filter cartridge.
WA320-5L 3-39
MAINTENANCE
CLEAN WATER SEPARATOR STRAINER
• Engine is at high temperature immediately after the machine has been operated. Wait for engine to cool
down before replacing the filter.
• Do not bring flame or fire near the fuel.
2. Prepare a container to catch the drained fuel and set it under the water
separator.
3. Loosen drain valve (1) at the bottom of the water separator and drain
the fuel into the container.
4. Loosen ring nut (2), then remove cup (3).
5. Remove strainer (4) from the separator base.
6. Wash the interior of strainer (4) and cup (3) with clean fuel.
7. Check strainer (4) and replace it if it is damaged.
8. Clean the separator base and wash strainer (4), then install the strainer
to the separator base.
9. Coat the threaded portion of the ring nut (2) thinly with grease.
10. Fill cup (3) with clean fuel, install it to the separator base, then tighten
it with ring nut (2). The specified torque of ring nut (2): 37 to 43 N·m
(3.8 to 4.4 kgf·m, 27.5 to 31.8 lb ft). If the ring is loose, it will cause
leakage of fuel, so always tighten it to specified torque.
Remark
Be careful not to loosen the O-Ring, float, or spring. Be sure to
assemble them after washing.
11. After installing filter cup (3), bleed air in the following manner.
A. Loosen air bleed plug (5) of the fuel filter.
B. Loosen the knob of feed pump (6), then pump it up and down until
no more bubbles come out with the fuel from air bleed plug (5).
12. After bleeding the air, tighten air plug (5), then push in the knob of
priming pump (6) and tighten it.
Tightening torque for air bleed plug: 7.8 to 11.8 N·m (0.8 to 1.2 kgf·m,
5.8 to 8.7 lb ft).
3-40 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
Maintenance for every 50, 100, 250, and 500 hours service should be carried out at the same time.
CHANGE OIL IN TRANSFER CASE
• Refill capacity: 7.2 liters (1.90 US gal)
1. Set a container to catch the oil under drain plug (P), then remove drain
plug (P) and drain the oil.
To prevent the oil from pouring out suddenly, loosen drain plug (P)
and remove it gradually.
2. After draining the oil, install drain plug (P).
3. Loosen bolt (1), remove cover (2), then take out strainer (3).
4. Remove any dirt stuck to strainer (3), then wash it with clean diesel oil
or flushing oil. If the strainer is damaged, replace it with a new part.
5. Replace O-ring (4) of cover (2) with a new part, then install.
6. Refill the specified quantity of engine oil through oil filler (F).
7. After filling with oil, check that the oil is at the specified level. For
details, see “CHECK OIL LEVEL IN TRANSFER CASE, ADD OIL”
on page 3-22.
Check that there is no oil leakage from the transfer case.
WA320-5L 3-41
MAINTENANCE
CLEAN TRANSFER CASE BREATHER
1. Remove cover (1).
2. Remove the mud and dirt from around the breather (2), then remove
breather.
After removing the breather, take steps to prevent dirt or dust from
entering.
3. Soak the breather (2) in washing liquid and wash it.
3-42 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
REPLACE HST OIL FILTER ELEMENT
2. Using a filter wrench, turn filter cartridge (2) to the left to remove it.
3. Install the new filter cartridge.
Tightening torque: 29 to 39 N·m (3.0 to 4.0 kgf·m, 21.7 to 28.9 lbf ft)
4. Run the engine at low idling for five minutes to bleed the air from the
HST circuit.
5. Check that the hydraulic oil is at the specified level. For details, see
“CHECK OIL LEVEL IN HYDRAULIC TANK, ADD OIL” on
page 3-32.
6. Run the engine at low idling, and extend and retract the steering,
bucket, and lift arm cylinders four or five times. Be careful not to oper-
ate the cylinder to the end of its stroke (stop approximately 100 mm
(3.9 in) before the end of stroke).
Remark
If the engine is run immediately at high speed or the cylinder is operated to the end of its stroke, the air inside
the cylinder will cause damage to the piston packing.
WA320-5L 3-43
MAINTENANCE
REPLACE CORROSION RESISTOR CARTRIDGE.
1. Open the side cover on the side of the chassis.
2. Set two levers (1) at the top of the corrosion resistor to the side to the
CLOSED position.
3. Using a filter wrench, turn cartridge (2) to the left to remove it.
4. Apply engine oil to the sealing surface of the new cartridge, then
install it to the filter holder.
5. Bring the packing surface into contact with the seal surface of the filter
holder, then tighten further approximately 2/3 turn.
6. Set two levers (1) vertically to the OPEN position.
LUBRICATING
1. Using a grease pump, pump in grease through the grease fittings,
marked by the arrows, until new grease appears.
A. Center drive shaft spline (1 point)
B. Engine (1 point)
3-44 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CHECK MOUNTING PARTS OF TURBOCHARGER
Please contact your Komatsu distributor to have the tightening portions checked.
CHECK PLAY OF TURBOCHARGER ROTOR

Please contact your Komatsu distributor to have the rotor play checked.
CHECK ALTERNATOR BELT TENSION, REPLACE

Since inspection and replacement of the fan belt require special tools,
contact your Komatsu Dealer.
Remark
The machine is equipped with an auto tensioner, so there is
no need to adjust the tension.
If the alternator drive belt is in the following condition, the belt must be
replaced. Please ask your Komatsu Dealer to replace the belt.
• When horizontal scratch (1) crosses vertical scratch (2)
• When there are tears (3) in part of the belt
In case (4) where there are horizontal scratches only, there is no need to
replace the belt.
WA320-5L 3-45
MAINTENANCE
Maintenance for every 50, 100, 250, 500, and 1000 hours service should be carried out at the same time.
CHANGE HYDRAULIC OIL AND FILTER ELEMENT
• Refill capacity: 89 liters (25.51 US gal)

1. Lower the bucket horizontally to the ground and apply the parking
brake, then stop the engine.
2. Remove covers (1) and (2).
3. Keep grip (3) pulled, then turn oil filler cap (F) counterclockwise
and remove it.
4. Set a container to catch the oil under drain plug (P).
5. After removing drain plug (P), open drain valve (4) and drain the
oil.
6. After draining the oil, close drain valve (4) and install drain plug
(P).
7. Using a filter wrench, turn cartridge (5) to the left to remove it.
8. Clean the filter holder, fill the new filter cartridge with oil, then coat
the seal and thread of the filter cartridge with oil (or coat thinly with
grease) and install. When installing the seal, tighten it until its
surface contacts the filter holder, then tighten it 1/3 of a turn more.
9. Refill the specified quantity of oil through oil filler (F).
10. Check that the hydraulic oil is at the specified level. For details,
See “CHECK OIL LEVEL IN HYDRAULIC TANK, ADD OIL”
on page 3-32.
11. Run the engine at low idling, and extend and retract the steering,
bucket, and lift arm cylinders 4 to 5 times. Be careful not to operate
the cylinder to the end of its stroke (stop approximately 100 mm
(3.9 in)
before the end of stroke).
Remark
If the engine is run immediately at high speed or the cylinder is operated to the end of its stroke, the air inside
the cylinder will cause damage to the piston packing.
12. Next, operate the steering, bucket, and lift arm cylinders to the end of their stroke three to four times, then stop the engine
and loosen filler cap to bleed the air from the hydraulic tank.
13. Check that the hydraulic oil level and add oil to the specified level. For details, See “CHECK OIL LEVEL IN HYDRAU-
LIC TANK, ADD OIL” on page 3-32.
14. Next, raise the engine speed and follow the procedure in Step 12 to bleed the air. Repeat this process until no more air
comes out.
15. After completing the air bleed operation, install cover (1) and (2).
3-46 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
REPLACE HYDRAULIC TANK BREATHER ELEMENT
• The parts and oil are at high temperature after the engine
is stopped, and may cause burns. Wait for the
• When removing the oil filler cap, turn it slowly to release
the internal pressure, then remove it.

2. Loosen bolt (2) at the top of the filler cap, then remove cap
cover (3).
3. Remove element (4).
4. Coat O-ring (5) of the new element with grease, then install.
5. Align cap cover (3) with the grooves in the body, then tighten with
bolt (2).
6. Install cover (1).
WA320-5L 3-47
MAINTENANCE
CHANGE AXLE OIL
• Refill capacity (front and rear, each): 24.0 liters (6.34 US gal)
• A: Front B: Rear
1. Place a container to catch the oil under drain plug (P).
2. Remove plug (1), then remove drain plug (P) to drain the oil.
3. Remove the mud and dirt from around plug (1), then remove the
plug.
4. After draining the oil, clean drain plug (P) and install it again.
5. Add axle oil through plug hole (1) at the refill level.
Remark
For axles with ASD (Auxiliary Limited-Slip Differential), the
brand of lubricating oil is different; always use the specified
lubricating oil. For operations where the brake is used
frequently, change the axle oil at shorter intervals.
6. After adding oil, check that the oil is at the specified level. For
details, See “CHECK AXLE OIL LEVEL, ADD OIL” on page 3-
23.
REPLACE AIR CONDITIONER RECIRCULATION AIR FILTER, FRESH AIR FILTER

Remove both the recirculation air filter and fresh air filter in the same way as when cleaning, but replace them with new ones.
For details of cleaning the recirculation air filter, see “CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER RECIRCULATION FILTER ELE-
MENT” on page 3-36.
To clean the element, see “CLEAN AIR CONDITIONER FRESH AIR FILTER ELEMENT” on page 3-31.
3-48 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CLEAN BRAKE CIRCUIT STRAINER
• After the engine is stopped, the parts and oil are at high temperature, and may cause burns. Wait for
the temperature to go down before starting operation.
• When the rubber hose is removed, oil may spurt out, so turn it slowly to release the internal pressure,
then remove it carefully.
1. Remove a cover under the floor frame at the left side of the machine.
2. When rubber hose (1) and flange (2) are removed, oil will spill out, so
set a container (capacity: approximately 300 cc) in position to catch
the oil.
3. Remove rubber hose (1) and flange (2).
4. Remove strainer (3) and wash it in clean diesel oil.
5. Assemble strainer (3) in strainer case (4) with the strainer protrusion
side (O-ring side) facing the front and fix it with flange (2).
6. Install rubber hose (1).
7. Install the cover.
CHECK ALTERNATOR, STARTING MOTOR

The brush may be worn or have no grease on the bearing, so contact your Komatsu distributor for inspection or repair.
If the engine is started frequently, carry out inspection every 1000 hours.
CHECK ENGINE VALVE CLEARANCE, ADJUST

A special tool is required for removing and adjusting the parts. Ask your Komatsu distributor for service.
WA320-5L 3-49
MAINTENANCE
CHECK BRAKE DISC WEAR
• When checking the brake discs for wear, apply the parking brake and secure the front and rear frames with
the safety bar.
• Make sure that the brake oil temperature is less than 60° C (140° F) before checking the brake wear.
• If the disc is near the wear limit, perform inspection at shorter intervals, regardless of the specified inspec-
tion interval.
Check the brake disc for wear at four locations: front axle, rear axle, left, and right. Use the same procedure at all four places.
1. Remove cap nut (1).
2. Depress the brake pedal; keep it depressed; and push in rod (2) of
the gauge until it contacts the piston.
3. The wear is the amount that the end face of rod (2) is protruding
from the end face of guide (3). Measure the amount of protrusion.
The point where the rod groove is even with the end face of the
guide is the permissible limit for the disc wear. If the wear has
reached this point, please ask your Komatsu distributor for inspec-
tion and replacement parts. If the disc is near the wear limit, per-
form inspection at shorter intervals, regardless of the specified
inspection interval.
4. Install cap nut (1).
Tightening torque: 29.4 to 39.2 N·m (21.7 to 28.9 lb·ft.)
Remark
On new machines, the position of the guide is adjusted so that the end face of the rod (2) comes to the end
face of the guide (3). For this reason, do not loosen locknut (4), except when replacing the disc. Perform the
operation with two workers: one worker depresses the brake pedal and the other worker pushes rod (2) in.
3-50 WA320-5L
MAINTENANCE
CLEAN AND CHECK TURBOCHARGER
If there is carbon or oil sludge around the blower impeller, it will lower the performance of the turbocharger or cause the
turbocharger to fail. Contact your Komatsu Dealer to carry out inspection or repair if necessary.
CHECK ACCUMULATOR GAS PRESSURE

When carrying out the EVERY 2000 HOURS SERVICE or EVERY YEAR SERVICE or when making periodic replacement
of the critical safety parts, contact your Komatsu Dealer to check the accumulator gas pressure.
CHECK VIBRATION DAMPER

Check for cracks or peeling on the outside surface of the rubber. If any cracks or peeling are found, contact your Komatsu
Dealer to have the parts replaced.
WA320-5L 3-51
MAINTENANCE
Maintenance for every 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 hours service should be carried out at the same time.
LUBRICATING
1. Using a grease pump, pump in grease through the grease fittings marked by the arrows.
A. Front drive shaft (2 places)
B. Rear drive shaft (2 places)
C. Drive shaft spline (1 place)
CHECK WATER PUMP

Check that there is no play in the pulley, no grease leakage, no water leakage, and no clogging of the drain hole. If any abnor-
mality is found, contact your Komatsu distributor for disassembly and repair or replacement.
3-52 WA320-5L
4SPECIFICATIONS
WA320-5L 4-1
SPECIFICATIONS
TECHNICAL DATA
STANDARD OVERALL DIMENSIONS
Item Unit WA320-5L

Operating weight including operator 75 kg (165 lbs) with bolt on
kg (lb) 13,450 (29,657)
cutting edge
Rated Load kg (lb) 4,480 (9878)
Bucket capacity Heaped 3
m (cu. yd) 2.8 (3.7)
Engine model - Komatsu SAA6D102E-2 diesel
Flywheel horsepower mm (ft in) 124 kw (166)/2000
A Overall length mm (ft in) 7,455 (24’ 6”)
B Overall height mm (ft in) 3,200 (10’ 6”)
C Maximum dimensions bucket fully raised and tilted back mm (ft in) 5,330 (17’ 6”)
D Overall width mm (ft in) 2,585 (8’6”)
E Minimum ground clearance mm (ft in) 425 (1’ 5”)
F Bucket width mm (ft in) 2,740 (9”)
G Clearances Cutting edge (BOC tip) mm (ft in) 2,850 (9’ 4”)
H Reach Cutting edge (BOC tip) mm (ft in) 1,035 (3’ 5”)
I Dump angle degrees 45
Outside of chassis mm (ft in) 6,090 (20’)
Minimum turning radius
Center of outside tire mm (ft in) 5,160 (16’ 11”)
1st. speed range km/h (MPH) 4.0 to 13.0 (2.5 to 8.1)
2nd. speed range km/h (MPH) 13.0 (8.1)
Forward Range
Travel Speed
3rd. speed range km/h (MPH) 18.0 (11.2)

4th. speed range km/h (MPH) 38.0 (23.6)
1st. speed range km/h (MPH) 4.0 to 13.0 (2.5 to 8.1)
2nd. speed range km/h (MPH) 13.0 (8.1)
Reverse Range
3rd. speed range km/h (MPH) 18.0 (11.2)
4th. speed range km/h (MPH) 38.0 (23.6)
4-2 WA320-5L
5OPTIONS, ATTACHMENTS
WA320-5L 5-1
OPTIONS, ATTACHMENTS
SELECTING BUCKET AND TIRES
Select the most suitable bucket and tires for the type of work and the ground conditions on the job site.
Type of work Bucket Ground Conditions Tire
General ground clearances 20.5-25-12PR (L3 Rock)

Stockpile bucket
Loading and carrying material (with bolt-on cutting edge) Leveled ground 20.5-25-12PR (L2 Traction)
2.8m3 (3.7 cu. yd)
Soft ground 20.5-25-12PR (L2 Traction)
Excavating bucket General ground clearances 20.5-25-12PR (L3 Rock)

Loading material and crushed (with bolt-on cutting edge)
rock Hard ground 20.5-25-12PR (L3 Rock)
2.2m3 (2.9 cu. yd)
BOC indicates a bolt-on type cutting edge

When installing optional tires, please contact your Komatsu distributor.
5-2 WA320-5L
METHOD OF USING 3 LEVERS
1. Lift Arm Control Lever

2. Bucket Control Lever
3. Auxiliary Control Lever
LIFT ARM CONTROL LEVER

This lever is used to operate the lift arm.
Remark
Do not use the FLOAT position when lowering the bucket.
Use the FLOAT position when leveling.
Position (a): RAISE

When the lift arm control lever is pulled further from the
RAISE position, the lever is stopped in this position. The
lever is stopped in this position until the lift arm reaches the
preset position of the kickout and the lever is returned to the
HOLD position.
Position (b): HOLD
The lift arm is kept in the same position.
Position (c): LOWER
Position (D): FLOAT
The lift arm moves freely under external force.
WA320-5L 5-3
BUCKET CONTROL LEVER
This lever (2) operates the bucket.
Position (a): TILT

When the lift arm control lever is pulled further from the TILT
position, the lever is stopped in this position. The lever is
stopped in this position until the lift arm reaches the preset posi-
tion of the kickout and the lever is returned to the HOLD posi-
tion.
Position (b): HOLD

The bucket is kept in the same postion.
Position (c): DUMP
AUXILIARY CONTROL LEVER

This lever (3) operates the bucket.
Position (a) or (c): Attachment moves

Position (b): HOLD
The attachment is stopped and held in that position.
5-4 WA320-5L
WASTE HANDLER ENGINE COOLING FAN CONTROL SYSTEM
With the waste handler application, the method of reversing the cooling fan is different than the engine cooling fan reverse
mode on the standard machine. This is due to the environment in which this machine is used.
1. Direction Push button
FAN SYSTEM OPERATION

Control panel (1) is used to operate the fan reverse mode. Outlined below
are the procedures for the operation of this system.
WA320-5L 5-5
DIRECTION PUSH BUTTON
This switch is used to change the direction of the cooling fan.
FORWARD: Normal direction of rotation (or machine will overheat)
REVERSE: Used for cleaning debris from the surface of the radiator
core
If the cooler inlet is clogged with debris, push this switch to reverse the
fan and blow off the debris. When the button is pressed, the fan will run
in reverse for 10 seconds. After 10 seconds, the fan will reverse itself and
resume operating in the forward direction.
If the ignition switch is turned OFF, the controller is reset. If the ignition
switch is turned on again, the cooling fan starts revolving in the forward
direction.
Remark
Before changing direction, the fan is allowed to slow (coast) for 3 seconds. This action lowers the impact
caused by the change in direction.
CONTROL BOX
This box houses the electrical components which control the function of the cooling fan direction. Do not open this box and
attempt to change any settings; they have been preset at the factory. If the cycle is too long, consult your Komatsu distributor
to reprogram the controller.
Engine speed must be 1800 RPM or above to get the cooling fan speed for maximum cleaning ability.
5-6 WA320-5L
CLEANING RADIATOR AND COOLER FINS
Never open the engine side cover when the engine is running. Stop the engine completely before starting
the cleaning operation.
If compressed air, pressurized water, or steam hits your body directly, or causes dirt to fly, it may cause
personal injury. Always wear safety glasses, dust mask, or other protective equipment.
* Perform this procedure if there is any trash or paper stuck to the radiator.
Remark
When rotating the fan in reverse, be careful of flying dust and take steps to prevent cloth or other objects from
getting caught in the fan.
In waste handling locations where trash accumulates on the radiator or cooler, rotate the fan in the reverse direction and blow
out any trash stuck to the radiator or cooler. This can be used to extend the cleaning interval.
ROTATING THE FAN IN REVERSE

1. Push direction push button switch to reverse the cooling fan rotation.
2. Run the engine at high idle (at or above 1800 RPM) to get the fan
rotating full speed.
3. After completing the cleaning, run the engine at low idle for approxi-
mately 10 seconds.
4. If manual cleaning is to follow, turn the ignition switch to the OFF
position and stop the engine.
5. When the fan rotation stops, loosen wing bolts (2); use hook (3) to
slide cleaning covers (4); open the left and right covers.
6. Insert the air nozzle and blow the dirt out to the front of the machine.
7. After blowing out the dirt, install the left and right cleaning covers.
8. Check the radiator hose. Replace with a new one if the hose has cracks
or is hardened by aging. Check hose clamps for looseness.
WA320-5L 5-7
5-8 WA320-5L

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CEAM012202

Operation and Maintenance

SERIAL NUMBERS WA320-5L A32001 and UP

November 2008 Copyright 2008 Komatsu

★ Storage location for Operation and Maintenance

Safety precautions are described in SAFETY section (1-1)

MACHINE SERIAL NUMBER

SERVICE METER LOCATION

SAFETY AND WARNING DECALS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2

GENERAL VIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2

GUIDES TO MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2

TECHNICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2

LOCATION OF THE SAFETY DECALS

DESCRIPTION OF SAFETY LABELS

(2) Precautions for safety lock lever (09654-C0481).

Follow the above instructions even if the machine is equipped with

(4) Precautions for going close to electric cables (09801-C0481).

(6) Precautions for safety bar (09161-2300).

(7) Caution when canceling parking brake emergency (423-

(9) Precautions when handling battery cables (09808-03000).

(10) High-pressure warning (09659-5300).

(11) Do not climb on fender (09805-03000)

(13) Do not open when the engine is running (09667-03001).

(14) Do not come near the machine (09812-13000).

(16) Do not modify ROPS (09620-A2000).

(17) Jump start prohibited (09842-A0481).

(19) Precautions for high temperature exhaust (09817-A0753).

(20) Caution for common rail high pressure (6217-71-93310).

(22) Escape (425093-51110).

GENERAL SAFETY RULES

Always perform a pre-operational check on your machine before operating it.

GENERAL SAFETY AT JOB SITE

WORKING ON LOOSE GROUND

Have guards or covers repaired immediately if they are damaged.

Always secure the machine in a safe position.

Check the seat belt.

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Check to be sure no one is near your work area.

Check to be sure all personal protective equipment is in good condition

If you will be subject to loud noise, always wear ear protection.

FIRE CAUSED BY FUEL OR OIL

FIRE CAUSED BY ACCUMULATION OF FLAMMABLE MATERIAL

FIRE COMING FROM ELECTRIC WIRING

FIRE COMING FROM HYDRAULIC LINE

WINDSHIELD WASHER FLUID

ACTION IF FIRE OCCURS

FIRE EXTINGUISHER AND FIRST AID KIT

Use all hand holds and step plates on your machine.

Never jump off or on to the machine.

Be sure the machine is at a full stop, equipment lowered, and parking

PRECAUTIONS WHEN STANDING UP FROM OPERATOR'S SEAT

PRECAUTIONS WHEN USING ROPS

EMERGENCY ESCAPE FROM OPERATOR'S CAB

3. Place safety lock lever for loader control in the (LOCKED)

Lock: See “LOCKING” on page 2-95.

KEEP OPERATOR'S COMPARTMENT CLEAN

ASBESTOS HAZARD ALERT

CRUSH OR PINCH POINT DANGERS

Never drive up to anyone standing in front of a solid object or in your