Ex3600 5 - Em188 Op1 1

INTRODUCTION
Read this manual carefully to learn how to operate This warranty provides you the assurance that Hitachi
and service your machine correctly. Failure to do so will back its products when defects occur within the
could result in personal injury and/or machine dam- warranty period. In some circumstances, Hitachi also
age. provides field improvements, often without charge to
the customer, even if the product is out of warranty.
This manual should be considered a permanent Should the equipment be abused or modified to
part of your machine and should remain with the ma- change its performance beyond the original fac-
chine when you sell it. tory specifications, the warranty will become void
and field improvements may be denied. Setting
This machine is of metric design. Measurements in fuel delivery above specifications or otherwise
this manual are metric. Use only metric hardware and overpowering machines will result in such action.
tools as specified. Moreover, when replacement parts are required, be
sure to use genuine Hitachi parts. Failure to do so
Write product identification numbers in the Ma- may result in voiding the warranty and/or denial of
chine Numbers section. Accurately record all the field improvements.
numbers to help in tracing the machine should it be Only qualified, experienced operators officially
stolen. Your dealer also needs these numbers when licensed (according to local law) should be al-
you order parts. If this manual is kept on the machine, lowed to operate the machine.
also file the identification numbers in a secure place Moreover, only officially licensed personnel
off the machine. should be allowed to inspect/service the machine.
Warranty is provided as a part of Hitachi's support The Yellow Pages in this operator’s manual con-
program for customers who operate and maintain tain IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION.
their equipment as described in this manual. The Read these pages thoroughly and familiarize
warranty is explained on the warranty certificate which yourself with the safety standards and recom-
you should have received from your dealer. mendations set forth in these yellow pages of the
manual.
Follow all safety instructions prior to and while
operating the excavator.
Prior to operating this machine, it may be necessary

to make modifications to it so that it complies with the
local standards (including safety standards) and re-
quirements of your country. Please do not operate this
machine until such comliance has been confirmed.
Please contact Hitachi Construction Machinery Co.,
Ltd. or any of our authorized concerning compliance.
All information, illustrations and specifications in this manual are based on the latest product information avail-
able at the time of publication. The right is reserved to make changes at any time without notice.
COPYRIGHT © 2005
Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd.
Tokyo, Japan
All rights reserved.
MACHINE NUMBERS
MACHINE TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER
MODEL/TYPE:
PRODUCT
IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER:
M144-07-100
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
PRODUCT
IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER:
NOTE:
Marks to indicate the start and
188P000101 end of the PIN
PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER (PIN)
M146-07-018
ENGINE TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER
TYPE:
MFG. NO.
TRAVEL MOTOR TYPE AND SERIAL M188-00-001
NUMBER
TYPE:
MFG. NO.:
M145-07-079
MACHINE NUMBERS
SWING MOTOR TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER
TYPE:
MFG. NO.:
M146-07-028
HYDRAULIC PUMP TYPE AND SERIAL

NUMBER
TYPE:
MFG. NO.:
M146-07-059
FRONT TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER

(LOADING SHOVEL)
TYPE:
MFG. NO.:
M146-07-060
BUCKET TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER

(LOADING SHOVEL)
TYPE:
MFG. NO.:
M117-12-003
MACHINE NUMBERS
(BACKHOE BOOM)
TYPE:
MFG. NO.:
M146-07-060

(BACKHOE ARM)
TYPE:
MFG. NO.:
M146-07-061
BUCKET TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER

(BACKHOE)
TYPE:
MFG. NO.:
M146-01-020
CONTENTS
MACHINE NUMBERS Remove Paint Before Welding or Heating .......S-26
Prevent Battery Explosions..............................S-27
SAFETY Service Air Conditioning System Safely...........S-27
Recognize Safety Information ........................... S-1 Handle Chemical Products Safely ...................S-28
Understand Signal Words ................................. S-1 Dispose of Waste Properly ..............................S-28
Follow Safety Instructions ................................. S-2
Prepare for Emergencies .................................. S-2 SAFETY SIGNS................................... S-29
Wear Protective Clothing .................................. S-3
Protect Against Noise........................................ S-3 COMPONENTS NAME .......................... 1-1
Inspect Machine................................................ S-3
General Precautions for Cab............................. S-4 HANDLING LADDER/EMERGENCY
Use Handholds and Steps................................. S-5 ROPE
Adjust the Operator’s Seat ................................ S-5 Using Ladder ..................................................... 1-2
Fasten Your Seat Belt ....................................... S-6 Operating Ladder on the Ground ....................... 1-3
Move and Operate Machine Safely ................... S-6 Operating Ladder on the Upperstructure ............ 1-3
Handle Starting Aids Safely .............................. S-6 Emergency Escape ........................................... 1-4
Operate Only from Operator’s Seat................... S-7 Emergency Exit ................................................. 1-5
Jump Starting ................................................... S-7 Evacuating in Case of Fire ................................ 1-5
Keep Riders Off Machine .................................. S-7
Investigate Job Site Beforehand ....................... S-8 OPERATOR’S STATION
Protect Against Falling Stones and Debris......... S-8 Cab Features..................................................... 1-7
Provide Signals for Jobs Involving Multiple Monitor Panel and Switch Panels (Left) ............. 1-8
Numbers of Machines ................................. S-9 Monitor Panel .................................................... 1-9
Confirm Direction of Machine to be Driven........ S-9 Fuel Gauge ............................................... 1-10
Drive Machine Safely...................................... S-10 Hydraulic Oil Temperature Gauge ............. 1-10
Avoid Injury from Rollaway Accidents ............. S-11 Coolant Temperature Gauge ..................... 1-10
Avoid Injury from Back-Over Tachometer ............................................... 1-10
and Swing Accidents................................. S-12 Alternator Indicator .................................... 1-11
Keep Person Clear from Working Area ........... S-13 Pump Transmission Oil Pressure
Never Position Bucket Over Anyone ............... S-13 Indicator (Warning).............................. 1-11
Avoid Undercutting ......................................... S-13 Engine Oil Pressure Indicator (Warning).... 1-11
Avoid Tipping.................................................. S-14 Overheat Indicator (Warning) .................... 1-11
Never Undercut a High Bank........................... S-14 Hydraulic Oil Level Indicator (Warning) ..... 1-12
Dig with Caution.............................................. S-15 Fuel Level Indicator ................................... 1-12
Operate with Caution ...................................... S-15 Engine Oil Level Indicator.......................... 1-12
Avoid Power Lines .......................................... S-15 Download Indicator .................................... 1-12
Object Handling .............................................. S-16 Coolant Level Indicator.............................. 1-13
Protect Against Flying Debris .......................... S-16 Hydraulic Oil Level Indicator...................... 1-13
Park Machine Safely ....................................... S-17 Travel Mode Indicator (Slow Speed).......... 1-13
Handle Fluids Safely Avoid Fires ................. S-17 Auto Idle Indicator ..................................... 1-13
Practice Safe Maintenance ............................. S-18 Engine Room Light Indicator...................... 1-14
Warn Others of Service Work ......................... S-19 Entrance Light Indicator............................. 1-14
Support Machine Properly............................... S-19 Prelub Indicator ......................................... 1-14
Stay Clear of Moving Parts ............................. S-19 Travel Mode Indicator (Fast Speed)........... 1-14
Prevent Parts from Flying ............................. S-20 Coolant Level Indicator (Warning) ............. 1-15
Store Attachments Safely................................ S-20 Auto Lubrication Indicator .......................... 1-15
Prevent Burns................................................. S-21 Engine Stop Indicator ................................ 1-15
Replace Rubber Hoses Periodically ................ S-21 Engine Warning Indicator .......................... 1-15
Avoid High-Pressure Fluids............................. S-22 Air Cleaner Restriction Indicator ................ 1-16
Prevent Fires .................................................. S-23 Pump Contamination Indicator................... 1-16
Evacuating in Case of Fire.............................. S-24 Fast-Filling System Indicator ..................... 1-16
Beware of Exhaust Fumes .............................. S-24 Stop Valve Indicator (Warning).................. 1-17
Precautions for Welding and Grinding............. S-25 Emergency Engine Stop Indicator.............. 1-17
Avoid Heating Near Pressurized Fluid Lines.... S-26 Ladder Position Indicator ........................... 1-17
Avoid Applying Heat to Lines Containing Switch Panel .................................................. 1-18
Flammable Fluids ..................................... S-26 Wiper Switch ............................................. 1-19
CONTENTS
Wiper Delay Selector Switch......................1-19 Steering the Machine Using Levers ................... 4-3
Washer Switch...........................................1-20 Travel Speed Switch ......................................... 4-4
Air Conditioners ...............................................1-21 Travel Alarm ..................................................... 4-5
Cooling ......................................................1-23 Traveling ........................................................... 4-6
Heating ......................................................1-23 Operating on Soft Ground.................................. 4-7
Dehumidifying and Heating ........................1-23 Raise One Track Using Boom and Arm ............. 4-7
Defrosting ..................................................1-24 Towing Machine a Short Distance...................... 4-8
Blower Operation without Cooling Operating in Water or Mud ................................ 4-9
or Heating ............................................1-25 Precautions for Traveling on Slopes ................ 4-10
Ventilation the Cab.....................................1-25 Parking the Machine on Slopes ....................... 4-11
Indicator Light Check Switch ............................1-26 Parking the Machine........................................ 4-11
Level Check Switch....................................1-27
Buzzer Stop Switch ....................................1-28 OPERATING THE MACHINE
Dimmer Switch...........................................1-29 Control Lever (HITACHI Pattern Backhoe) ....... 5-1
Engine Speed Control Lever ............................1-29 Control Lever (ISO Pattern Backhoe) ............... 5-2
Work Light Switch ............................................1-30 Control Lever (HITACHI Pattern
Dome Light Switch .....................................1-31 Loading Shovel) ......................................... 5-3
Engine Room Light Switch .........................1-32 Control Lever (ISO Pattern Loading Shovel) .... 5-4
Entrance Light Switch ................................1-33 Bucket Open-Close Pedals (Loading Shovel) .... 5-5
Travel Speed Switch ..................................1-34 Pilot Control Shut-Off Lever .............................. 5-6
Auto-Idle Switch .........................................1-34 Warming-Up Operation ..................................... 5-7
Switch Panel (Right) ........................................1-35 Warming-Up the Motor and
Emergency Engine Stop Switch .................1-35 the Cylinders ............................................... 5-8
Key Switch .................................................1-35 Auto-Idle............................................................ 5-9
Fast-Filling System Switch .........................1-36 Engine Speed Control...................................... 5-10
Engine Troubleshooting Switch ..................1-37 Precautions for Operations .............................. 5-11
DLU Check Switch .....................................1-38 Operate the Machine Safely ............................ 5-12
Hour Meter.......................................................1-39 Operating Backhoe.......................................... 5-13
Horn Switch .....................................................1-39 Grading Operation........................................... 5-13
AM/FM Radio Operation ..................................1-40 Avoid Abusive Operation................................. 5-14
Digital Clock Setting Procedure........................1-41 Operating Tips................................................. 5-15
Operator’s Seat Adjustment .............................1-42 Avoid Swinging Bucket to Move Objects.......... 5-15
Seat Belt ..........................................................1-44 Loading Shovel Operation ............................... 5-16
Cab Door Release Button.................................1-45 Prohibited Operation........................................ 5-16
Opening Cab Left Window ...............................1-45 Object Handling --- If Equipped ....................... 5-19
Overnight Storage Instructions ........................ 5-20
BREAK-IN
Observe Machine Closely ................................. 2-1 MAINTENANCE
Every 10 Hours or Each Shift ............................ 2-1 Correct Maintenance
After the First 50 Hours..................................... 2-2 and Inspection Procedures .......................... 7-1
Service Your Machine at Specified
OPERATING THE ENGINE Intervals ...................................................... 7-2
Inspect Machine Daily Before Starting............... 3-1 Check the Hour Meter Regularly........................ 7-2
Check Instruments Before Starting .................. 3-2 Use Correct Fuels and Lubricants...................... 7-2
Level Check...................................................... 3-3 Prepare Machine for Maintenance ..................... 7-3
Starting the Engine ........................................... 3-4 Open Access Doors for Service......................... 7-5
Starting in Cold Weather................................... 3-5 Inspection/Maintenance Lights........................... 7-6
Check Instruments After Starting....................... 3-6 Use a Chain to Prevent Falling Accidents.......... 7-7
Using Booster Batteries..................................... 3-7 Construction Outline .......................................... 7-8
Stopping the Engine.......................................... 3-9 Hydraulic System .............................................. 7-9
Emergency Engine Stop Switch .......................3-10 Periodic Replacement of Rubber Hoses .......... 7-12
Engine Stop Switches ......................................3-11 Maintenance Interval Guide............................. 7-17
A. Greasing .................................................. 7-21
DRIVING THE MACHINE Loading Shovel Front Joint Pins ................ 7-22
Drive the Machine Carefully.............................. 4-1 Backhoe Front Joint Pins........................... 7-25
Steering the Machine Using Pedals................... 4-2 Swing Bearing ........................................... 7-26
CONTENTS
Swing Internal Gear ...................................7-27 Replace Batteries .................................... 7-100
Center Joint ...............................................7-28 Replacing Fuses...................................... 7-101
Operating the Lubricator.............................7-29 Power Source Terminal ........................... 7-103
B. Engine .......................................................7-31 Fusible Link ............................................. 7-104
Engine Oil Level ........................................7-32 Check Electrical Cables and
Change Engine Oil .....................................7-33 Wire Harnesses for Short Circuits...... 7-105
Replace Engine Oil Filters..........................7-33 Check Emergency Engine Stop Switch .... 7-107
Clean Engine Lube Oil Filter (Option).........7-34 J. Miscellaneous ........................................ 7-108
C. Transmission ............................................7-35 Check Bucket Teeth ................................ 7-109
Pump Transmission ...................................7-36 Inspect Emergency Evacuation
Pump Transmission Oil Level ....................7-37 Equipment and Hanger ...................... 7-111
Swing Reduction Gear ...............................7-40 Auto-Lubrication System.......................... 7-112
Travel Reduction Gear...............................7-42 Check and Replace Seat Belt .................. 7-116
D. Hydraulic System .......................................7-44 Check Windshield Washer Fluid Lever .... 7-116
Inspection and Maintenance Check and Adjust Track Sag.................... 7-117
of Hydraulic Equipment ........................7-45 Check Accumulator and Track
Check Hydraulic Oil Level ..........................7-47 Adjuster Cylinder Circuit .................... 7-119
Drain Hydraulic Oil Tank Sump ..................7-48 Check Side Frame Area .......................... 7-119
Change Hydraulic Oil .................................7-49 Check Tightening Torque of Bolts
Replace Full-Flow Filter and Drain Filter ....7-52 and Nuts............................................ 7-120
Replace Bypass Filter ................................7-54
Replace Pilot Oil Filter ...............................7-56 MAINTENANCE UNDER SPECIAL
Suction Filter ............................................7-58 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
Replace Suction Filter................................7-59 Maintenance Under Special
Replace High-Pressure Strainer .................7-60 Environmental Conditions............................ 9-1
Clean Oil Cooler Core ................................7-61
Check Hoses and Lines..............................7-62 STORAGE
Service Recommendations for Storing the Machine......................................... 10-1
Hydraulic Fittings .................................7-65 Removing the Machine from Storage .............. 10-2
E. Fuel System...............................................7-67 Transporting the Machine ................................ 10-2
Drain Fuel Tank Sump ...............................7-69
Drain Fuel Filter Sediment .........................7-69 TROUBLESHOOTING
Replace Fuel Filter.....................................7-70 Engine ............................................................ 11-1
Check Fuel Hoses......................................7-71 Electrical System............................................. 11-5
Clean Fuel Cooler Core..............................7-73 Control Levers................................................. 11-8
F. Air Cleaner.................................................7-74 Hydraulic System ............................................ 11-8
Clean Air Cleaner Outer Element ...............7-74 Auto-Idle........................................................ 11-11
Replace Air Cleaner Outer
and Inner Elements ..............................7-74 SPECIFICATIONS
G. Cooling System..........................................7-76 Specifications ................................................ 12-1
Check Coolant Level ..................................7-77 Working Range (Loading Shovel) .................... 12-2
Check DCA4 Concentration in Coolant.......7-78 Working Range (Backhoe)............................... 12-3
Replace Coolant Filter................................7-86
Change Coolant .........................................7-87 INDEX ........................................................... 14-1
Clean Radiator Interior ...............................7-87
Clean Radiator Core ..................................7-89
H. Air Conditioner ...........................................7-90
Recirculation Air Filter................................7-90
Ventilation Air Filter....................................7-91
Check Refrigerant Quantity ........................7-92
Check Compressor Belt Tension ................7-93
Clean Condenser Core...............................7-94
Check Tightening Torque ...........................7-95
Seasonal Maintenance...............................7-96
I. Electrical System .....................................7-97
Batteries ....................................................7-97
SAFETY
RECOGNIZE SAFETY INFORMATION
!" These are the SAFETY ALERT SYMBOLS.
• When you see these symbols on your machine or in

this manual, be alert to the potential for personal in-
jury.
• Follow recommended precautions and safe operating
practices.
SA-688
001-E01A-0001
UNDERSTAND SIGNAL WORDS
!" On machine safety signs, signal words designating the

degree or level of hazard - DANGER, WARNING, or
CAUTION - are used with the safety alert symbol.
• DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situa-

tion which, if not avoided, will result in death or
serious injury.
• WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious
injury.
• CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation
which, if not avoided, may result in minor or moder-
ate injury.
• DANGER or WARNING safety signs are located
near specific hazards. General precautions are listed
on CAUTION safety signs.
• Some safety signs don’t use any of the designated
signal words above after the safety alert symbol are
occasionally used on this machine. SA-1223
!" CAUTION also calls attention to safety messages in this

manual.
!" To avoid confusing machine protection with personal

safety messages, a signal word IMPORTANT indicates
a situation which, if not avoided, could result in damage
to the machine.
!" NOTE indicates an additional explanation for an

element of information.
002-E01A-1223
S-1
SAFETY
FOLLOW SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
!" Carefully read and follow all safety signs on the ma-
chine and all safety messages in this manual.
!" Safety signs should be installed, maintained and re-

placed when necessary.
• If a safety sign or this manual is damaged or missing,

order a replacement from your authorized dealer in
the same way you order other replacement parts (be
sure to state machine model and serial number when
ordering). SA-003
!" Learn how to operate the machine and its controls cor-
rectly and safely.
!" Allow only trained, qualified, authorized personnel to

operate the machine.
!" Keep your machine in proper working condition.
• Unauthorized modifications of the machine may im-

pair its function and/or safety and affect machine life.
!" The safety messages in this SAFETY chapter are in-

tended to illustrate basic safety procedures of machines.
However it is impossible for these safety messages to
cover every hazardous situation you may encounter. If
you have any questions, you should first consult your
supervisor and/or your authorized dealer before operat-
ing or performing maintenance work on the machine.
003-E01B-0003
PREPARE FOR EMERGENCIES
!" Be prepared if a fire starts or if an accident occurs.
• Keep a first aid kit and fire extinguisher on hand.

• Thoroughly read and understand the label attached
on the fire extinguisher to use it properly.
• To ensure that a fire-extinguisher can be always used
when necessary, check and service the
fire-extinguisher at the recommended intervals as
specified in the fire-extinguisher manual.
SA-437
• Establish emergency procedure guidelines to cope
with fires and accidents.
• Keep emergency numbers for doctors, ambulance
service, hospital, and fire department posted near
your telephone.
004-E01A-0437
S-2
SAFETY
WEAR PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
!" Wear close fitting clothing and safety equipment appro-

priate to the job.
You may need:

A hard hat
Safety shoes
Safety glasses, goggles, or face shield
Heavy gloves
Hearing protection
Reflective clothing
Wet weather gear SA-438
Respirator or filter mask.

Be sure to wear the correct equipment and clothing for
the job. Do not take any chances.
• Avoid wearing loose clothing, jewelry, or other items

that can catch on control levers or other parts of the
machine.
!" Operating equipment safely requires the full attention of
the operator. Do not wear radio or music headphones
while operating the machine.
005-E01A-0438
PROTECT AGAINST NOISE
!" Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause impair-

ment or loss of hearing.
• Wear a suitable hearing protective device such as

earmuffs or earplugs to protect against objectionable
or uncomfortably loud noises.
SA-434
006-E01A-0434
INSPECT MACHINE
!" Inspect your machine carefully each day or shift by

walking around it before you start it to avoid personal
injury.
• In the walk-around inspection, be sure to cover all

points described in the “PRE-START INSPECTION”
chapter in the operator’s manual.
SA-435
007-E01A-0435
S-3
SAFETY
GENERAL PRECAUTIONS FOR CAB
• Before entering the cab, thoroughly remove all dirt

and/or oil from the soles of your work boots. If any
controls such as a pedal is operated while with dirt
and/or oil on the soles of the operator’s work boots
the operator’s foot may slip off the pedal, possibly
resulting in a personal accident.
• Don’t leave parts and/or tools lying around the op-
erator’s seat. Store them in their specified locations.
• Avoid storing transparent bottles in the cab. Don’t at-
tach any transparent type window decorations on the
windowpanes as they may focus sunlight, possibly
starting a fire.
• Refrain from listening to the radio, or using music
headphones or mobile telephones in the cab while
operating the machine.
• Keep all flammable objects and/or explosives away
from the machine.
• After using the ashtray, always cover it to extinguish
the match and/or tobacco.
• Don’t leave cigarette lighters in the cab. When the
temperature in the cab increases, the lighter may ex-
plode.
524-E01A-0000
S-4
SAFETY
USE HANDHOLDS AND STEPS
!" Falling is one of the major causes of personal injury.
• When you get on and off the machine, always face

the machine and maintain a three-point contact with
the steps and handrails.
• Do not use any controls as handholds.
• Never jump on or off the machine. Never mount or
dismount a moving machine.
• Be careful of slippery conditions on platforms, steps,
SA-439
and handrails when leaving the machine.
008-E01A-0439
ADJUST THE OPERATOR’S SEAT
!" A poorly adjusted seat for either the operator or for the
work at hand may quickly fatigue the operator leading to
misoperations.
• The seat should be adjusted whenever changing the

operator for the machine.
• The operator should be able to fully depress the ped-
als and to correctly operate the control levers with his
back against the seat back.
• If not, move the seat forward or backward, and check SA-378
again.
009-E01A-0378
S-5
SAFETY
FASTEN YOUR SEAT BELT
!" If the machine should overturn, the operator may be-

come injured and/or thrown from the cab. Additionally
the operator may be crushed by the overturning ma-
chine, resulting in serious injury or death.
• Prior to operating the machine, thoroughly examine

webbing, buckle and attaching hardware. If any item
is damaged or worn, replace the seat belt or compo-
nent before operating the machine.
• Be sure to remain seated with the seat belt securely SA-237
fastened at all times when the machine is in operation
to minimize the chance of injury from an accident.
• We recommend that the seat belt be replaced every
three years regardless of its apparent condition.
010-E01A-0237
MOVE AND OPERATE MACHINE SAFELY
!" Bystanders can be run over.
• Take extra care not to run over bystanders. Confirm

the location of bystanders before moving, swinging,
or operating the machine.
• Always keep the travel alarm and horn in working
condition (if equipped). It warns people when the
machine starts to move.
• Use a signal person when moving, swinging, or oper-
ating the machine in congested areas. Coordinate
hand signals before starting the machine. SA-426
011-E01A-0426
HANDLE STARTING AIDS SAFELY
Starting fluid:
!" Starting fluid is highly flammable.
• Keep all sparks and flame away when using it.

• Keep starting fluid well away from batteries and ca-
bles.
• Remove container from machine if engine does not
need starting fluid.
• To prevent accidental discharge when storing a pres-
surized container, keep the cap on the container, and
store it in a cool, well-protected location.
• Do not incinerate or puncture a starting fluid con-
SA-293
tainer.
036-E01A-0293-3
S-6
SAFETY
OPERATE ONLY FROM OPERATOR’S SEAT
!" Inappropriate engine starting procedures may cause the

machine to runaway, possibly resulting in serious injury
or death.
• Start the engine only from the operator’s seat.

• NEVER start the engine while standing on the track or
on ground.
• Do not start engine by shorting across starter termi-
nals.
SA-444
• Before starting the engine, confirm that all control

levers are in neutral.
012-E01B-0444
JUMP STARTING
!" Battery gas can explode, resulting in serious injury.
• If the engine must be jump started, be sure to follow

the instructions shown in the “OPERATING THE EN-
GINE” chapter.
• The operator must be in the operator’s seat so that
the machine will be under control when the engine
starts. Jump starting is a two-person operation.
• Never use a frozen battery.
SA-032
• Failure to follow correct jump starting procedures

could result in a battery explosion or a runaway ma-
chine.
S013-E01A-0032
KEEP RIDERS OFF MACHINE
!" Riders on machine are subject to injury such as being

struck by foreign objects and being thrown off the ma-
chine.
• Only allow the operator on the machine. Keep riders

off.
• Riders also obstruct the operator’s view, resulting in
the machine being operated in an unsafe manner.
SA-379
014-E01B-0379
S-7
SAFETY
INVESTIGATE JOB SITE BEFOREHAND
!" When working at the edge of an excavation or on a

road shoulder, the machine could tip over, possibly re-
sulting in serious injury or death.
• Investigate the configuration and ground conditions of

the job site beforehand to prevent the machine from
falling and to prevent the ground, stockpiles, or banks
from collapsing.
• Make a work plan. Use machines appropriate to the
work and job site.
• Reinforce ground, edges, and road shoulders as nec-
SA-380
essary. Keep the machine well back from the edges

of excavations and road shoulders.
• When working on an incline or on a road shoulder,
employ a signal person as required.
• Confirm that your machine is equipped a FOPS cab
before working in areas where the possibility of falling
stones or debris exist.
• When the footing is weak, reinforce the ground before
starting work.
• When working on frozen ground, be extremely alert.
As ambient temperatures rise, footing becomes loose
and slippery.
• Beware the possibility of fire when operating the ma-
chine near flammable objects such as dry grass.
015-E01A-0380
PROTECT AGAINST FALLING STONES AND

DEBRIS
• Confirm that your machine is FOPS cab equipped

before working in areas where the possibility of falling
stones or debris exist.
SA-490
015-E01A-0380
S-8
SAFETY
PROVIDE SIGNALS FOR JOBS INVOLVING
MULTIPLE NUMBERS OF MACHINES
!" For jobs involving multiple numbers of machines, pro-

vide signals commonly known by all personnel involved.
Also, appoint a signal person to coordinate the job site.
Make sure that all personnel obey the signal person’s
directions.
018-E01A-0481
SA-481
CONFIRM DIRECTION OF MACHINE TO BE

DRIVEN
!" Incorrect travel pedal/lever operation may result in se-

rious injury death.
• Before driving the machine, confirm the position of

the undercarriage in relation to the operator’s position.
If the travel motors are located in front of the cab, the
machine will move in reverse when travel ped-
als/levers are operated to the front.
SA-491
017-E01A-0491
S-9
SAFETY
DRIVE MACHINE SAFELY
!" Before driving the machine, always confirm that the

travel levers/pedals direction corresponds to the direc-
tion you wish to drive.
• Be sure to detour around any obstructions.

• Avoid traveling over obstructions. Soil, fragments of
rocks, and/or metal pieces may scatter around the
machine. Don’t allow personnel to stay around the
machine while traveling.
SA-387
!" Driving on a slope may cause the machine to slip or

overturn, possibly resulting in serious injury or death.
• When driving up or down a slope, keep the bucket

facing the direction of travel, approximately 0.5 to 1.0
m (A) above the ground.
• If the machine starts to skid or becomes unstable,
immediately lower the bucket to the ground and stop.
SA-388
SA-441
• Driving across the face of a slope or steering on a

slope may cause the machine to skid or turnover. If
the direction must be changed, move the machine to
level ground, then, change the direction to ensure
sage operation.
SA-589
019-E01C-0492
S-10
SAFETY
AVOID INJURY FROM ROLLAWAY
ACCIDENTS
!" Death or serious injury may result if you attempt to

mount or stop a moving machine.
To avoid rollaways:
• Select level ground when possible to park machine.
• Do not park the machine on a grade.
• Lower the bucket and/or other work tools to the
ground.
• Turn the auto-idle switch and the H/P mode switch SA-391
off.
• Run the engine at slow idle speed without load for 5
minutes to cool down the engine.
• Stop the engine and remove the key from the key
switch.
• Pull the pilot control shut-off lever to LOCK position.
• Block both tracks and lower the bucket to the ground.
Thrust the bucket teeth into the ground if you must
park on a grade.
• Position the machine to prevent rolling.
• Park a reasonable distance from other machines. SA-392
020-E02A-0493
S-11
SAFETY
AVOID INJURY FROM BACK-OVER AND
SWING ACCIDENTS
!" If any person is present near the machine when backing

or swinging the upperstructure, the machine may hit or
run over that person, resulting in serious injury or death.
To avoid back-over and swing accidents:

• Always look around BEFORE YOU BACK UP AND
SWING THE MACHINE. BE SURE THAT ALL BY-
STANDERS ARE CLEAR.
• Keep the travel alarm in working condition (if SA-383
equipped).
ALWAYS BE ALERT FOR BYSTANDERS MOVING
INTO THE WORK AREA. USE THE HORN OR
OTHER SIGNAL TO WARN BYSTANDERS BE-
FORE MOVING MACHINE.
• USE A SIGNAL PERSON WHEN BACKING UP IF
YOUR VIEW IS OBSTRUCTED. ALWAYS KEEP
THE SIGNAL PERSON IN VIEW.
Use hand signals, which conform to your local regula-
tions, when work conditions require a signal person.
• No machine motions shall be made unless signals are
clearly understood by both signalman and operator. SA-384
• Learn the meanings of all flags, signs, and markings

used on the job and confirm who has the responsibil-
ity for signaling.
• Keep windows, mirrors, and lights clean and in good
condition.
• Dust, heavy rain, fog, etc., can reduce visibility. As
visibility decreases, reduce speed and use proper
lighting.
• Read and understand all operating instructions in the
operator’s manual.
021-E01A-0494
S-12
SAFETY
KEEP PERSON CLEAR FROM WORKING
AREA
!" A person may be hit severely by the swinging front at-

tachment or counterweight and/or may be crushed
against an other object, resulting in serious injury or
death.
• Keep all persons clear from the area of operation and

machine movement.
• Before operating the machine, set up barriers to the
sides and rear area of the bucket swing radius to pre-
vent anyone from entering the work area.
SA-386
022-E01A-0386
NEVER POSITION BUCKET OVER ANYONE
!" Never lift, move, or swing bucket above anyone or a

truck cab.
Serious injury or machine damage may result due to
bucket load spill or due to collision with the bucket.
SA-487
023-E01A-0487
AVOID UNDERCUTTING
!" In order to retreat from the edge of an excavation if the

footing should collapse, always position the undercar-
riage perpendicular to the edge of the excavation with
the travel motors at the rear.
• If the footing starts to collapse and if retreat is not

possible, do not panic. Often, the machine can be
secured by lowering the front attachment, in such
cases.
SA-488
024-E01A-0488
S-13
SAFETY
AVOID TIPPING
DO NOT ATTEMPT TO JUMP CLEAR OF TIPPING

MACHINE --- SERIOUS OR FATAL CRUSHING INJU-
RIES WILL RESULT
MACHINE WILL TIP OVER FASTER THAN YOU CAN
JUMP FREE
FASTEN YOUR SEAT BELT
!" The danger of tipping is always present when operating
on a grade, possibly resulting in serious injury or death.
To avoid tipping: SA-012

!" Be extra careful before operating on a grade.
• Prepare machine operating area flat.

• Keep the bucket low to the ground and close to the
machine.
• Reduce operating speeds to avoid tipping or slipping.
• Avoid changing direction when traveling on grades.
• NEVER attempt to travel across a grade steeper than
15 degrees if crossing the grade is unavoidable.
• Reduce swing speed as necessary when swinging
loads. SA-440
!" Be careful when working on frozen ground.

• Temperature increases will cause the ground to be-
come soft and make ground travel unstable.
025-E01B-0495
NEVER UNDERCUT A HIGH BANK
!" The edges could collapse or a land slide could occur

causing serious injury or death.
SA-489
026-E01A-0489
S-14
SAFETY
DIG WITH CAUTION
!" Accidental severing of underground cables or gas lines

may cause an explosion and/or fire, possibly resulting in
serious injury or death.
• Before digging check the location of cables, gas lines,

and water lines.
• Keep the minimum distance required, by law, from
cables, gas lines, and water lines.
• If a fiber optic cable should be accidentally severed,
do not look into the end. Doing so may result in seri-
SA-382
ous eye injury.
• Contact your local “diggers hot line” if available in
your area , and/or the utility companies directly.
Have them mark all underground utilities.
027-E01A-0382
OPERATE WITH CAUTION
!" If the front attachment or any other part of the machine

hits against an overhead obstacle, such as a bridge,
both the machine and the overhead obstacle will be
damaged, and personal injury may result as well.
• Take care to avoid hitting overhead obstacles with the

boom or arm.
SA-389
028-E01A-0389
AVOID POWER LINES
!" Serious injury or death can result if the machine or front

attachments are not kept a safe distance from electric
lines.
• When operating near an electric line, NEVER move

any part of the machine or load closer than 3 m plus
twice the line insulator length.
• Check and comply with any local regulations that may
apply.
• Wet ground will expand the area that could cause any
person on it to be affected by electric shock. Keep all
bystanders or co-workers away from the site.
SA-381
029-E01A-0381
S-15
SAFETY
OBJECT HANDLING
!" If a lifted load should fall, any person nearby may be

struck by the falling load or may be crushed underneath
it, resulting in serious injury or death.
• When using the machine for craning operations, be

sure to comply with all local regulations.
• Do not use damaged chains or frayed cables, sables,
slings, or ropes.
• Before craning, position the upperstructure with the
travel motors at the rear.
SA-014
• Move the load slowly and carefully. Never move it

suddenly.
• Keep all persons will away from the load.
• Never move a load over a person’s head.
• Do not allow anyone to approach the load until it is
safely and securely situated on supporting blocks or
on the ground.
• Never attach a sling or chain to the bucket teeth.
They may come off, causing the load to fall.
030-E01A-0014
PROTECT AGAINST FLYING DEBRIS
!" If flying debris hit eyes or any other part of the body, se-
rious injury may result.
• Guard against injury from flying pieces of metal or

debris; wear goggles or safety glasses.
• Keep bystanders away from the working area before
striking any object.
SA-432
031-E01A-0432
S-16
SAFETY
PARK MACHINE SAFELY
To avoid accidents:
• Park machine on a level surface.
• Lower bucket to the ground.
• Turn auto-idle switch and H/P mode switch off.
• Run engine at slow idle speed without load for 5 min-
utes.
• Turn key switch to OFF to stop engine.
• Remove the key from the key switch.
• Pull the pilot control shut-off lever to the LOCK posi- SA-390
tion.
• Close windows, roof vent, and cab door.
• Lock all access doors and compartments.
033-E08B-0390
－ AVOID FIRES
HANDLE FLUIDS SAFELY－
!" Handle fuel with care; it is highly flammable. If fuel ig-

nites, an explosion and/or a fire may occur, possibly
resulting in serious injury or death.
• Do not refuel the machine while smoking or when

near open flame or sparks.
• Always stop the engine before refueling the machine.
• Fill the fuel tank outdoors.
!" All fuels, most lubricants, and some coolants are flam- SA-018
mable.
• Store flammable fluids well away from fire hazards.

• Do not incinerate or puncture pressurized containers.
• Do not store oily rags; they can ignite and burn spon-
taneously.
• Securely tighten the fuel and oil filler cap.
SA-019
034-E01A-0496
S-17
SAFETY
PRACTICE SAFE MAINTENANCE
To avoid accidents:
• Understand service procedures before doing work.
• Keep the work area clean and dry.
• Do not spray water or steam inside cab.
• Never lubricate or service the machine while it is
moving.
• Keep hands, feet and clothing away from
power-driven parts.
Before servicing the machine:

1. Park the machine on a level surface.
2. Lower the bucket to the ground.
SA-028
3. Turn the auto-idle switch off.

4. Run the engine at slow idle speed without load for 5
minutes.
5. Turn the key switch to OFF to stop engine.
6. Relieve the pressure in the hydraulic system by mov-
ing the control levers several times.
7. Remove the key from the switch.
8. Attach a “Do Not Operate” tag on the control lever.
9. Pull the pilot control shut-off lever to the LOCK posi-
tion.
10. Allow the engine to cool.
• If a maintenance procedure must be performed with

the engine running, do not leave machine unat-
tended.
• If the machine must be raised, maintain a 90 to 110#
angle between the boom and arm. Securely support SA-527
any machine elements that must be raised for service

work.
• Never work under a machine raised by the boom.
• Inspect certain parts periodically and repair or replace
as necessary. Refer to the section discussing that part
in the “MAINTENANCE” chapter of this manual.
• Keep all parts in good condition and properly in-
stalled.
• Fix damage immediately. Replace worn or broken
parts. Remove any buildup of grease, oil, or debris.
• When cleaning parts, always use nonflammable de-
tergent oil. Never use highly flammable oil such as
fuel oil and gasoline to clean parts or surfaces.
• Disconnect battery ground cable (–) before making
adjustments to electrical systems or before perform-
ing welding on the machine.
500-E02B-0497
S-18
SAFETY
• Sufficiently illuminate the work site. Use a mainte-
nance work light when working under or inside the
machine.
• Always use a work light protected with a guard. In
case the light bulb is broken, spilled fuel, oil, anti-
freeze fluid, or window washer fluid may catch fire.
SA-037
WARN OTHERS OF SERVICE WORK
!" Unexpected machine movement can cause serious in-

jury.
• Before performing any work on the machine, attach a

“Do Not Operate” tag on the control lever.
This tag is available from your authorized dealer.
501-E01A-0287
SA-287
SUPPORT MACHINE PROPERLY
!" Never attempt to work on the machine without securing

the machine first.
• Always lower the attachment to the ground before you

work on the machine.
• If you must work on a lifted machine or attachment,
securely support the machine or attachment. Do not
support the machine on cinder blocks, hollow tires, or
props that may crumble under continuous load. Do
not work under a machine that is supported solely by SA-527
a jack.
519-E01A-0527
STAY CLEAR OF MOVING PARTS
!" Entanglement in moving parts can cause serious injury.
• To prevent accidents, care should be taken to ensure

that hands, feet, clothing, jewelry and hair do not be-
come entangled when working around rotating parts.
502-E01A-0026
SA-026
S-19
SAFETY
PREVENT PARTS FROM FLYING
!" Grease in the track adjuster is under high pressure.

Failure to follow the precautions below may result in se-
rious injury, blindness, or death.
• Do not attempt to remove GREASE FITTING or

VALVE ASSEMBLY.
• As pieces may fly off, be sure to keep body and face
away from valve.
!" Travel reduction gears are under pressure. SA-344
• As pieces may fly off, be sure to keep body and face

away from AIR RELEASE PLUG to avoid injury.
GEAR OIL is hot.
• Wait for GEAR OIL to cool, then gradually loosen AIR
RELEASE PLUG to release pressure.
503-E01B-0344
STORE ATTACHMENTS SAFELY
!" Stored attachments such as buckets, hydraulic ham-

mers, and blades can fall and cause serious injury or
death.
• Securely store attachments and implements to pre-

vent falling. Keep children and bystanders away from
storage areas.
SA-034
504-E01A-0034
S-20
SAFETY
PREVENT BURNS
Hot spraying fluids:
!" After operation, engine coolant is hot and under pres-

sure. Hot water or steam is contained in the engine, ra-
diator and heater lines.
Skin contact with escaping hot water or steam can
cause severe burns.
• To avoid possible injury from hot spraying water. DO

NOT remove the radiator cap until the engine is cool.
SA-039
When opening, turn the cap slowly to the stop. Allow
all pressure to be released before removing the cap.
• The hydraulic oil tank is pressurized. Again, be sure
to release all pressure before removing the cap.
Hot fluids and surfaces:
!" Engine oil, gear oil and hydraulic oil also become hot
during operation.
The engine, hoses, lines and other parts become hot as
well.
SA-225
• Wait for the oil and components to cool before start-
ing any maintenance or inspection work.
505-E01B-0498
REPLACE RUBBER HOSES PERIODICALLY
!" Rubber hoses that contain flammable fluids under pres-

sure may break due to aging, fatigue, and abrasion. It is
very difficult to gauge the extent of deterioration due to
aging, fatigue, and abrasion of rubber hoses by inspec-
tion alone.
• Periodically replace the rubber hoses. (See the page

of “Periodic replacement of parts” in the operator’s
manual).
SA-019
!" Failure to periodically replace rubber hoses may cause
a fire, fluid injection into skin, or the front attachment to
fall on a person nearby, which may result in severe
burns, gangrene, or otherwise serious injury or death.
S506-E01A-0019
S-21
SAFETY
AVOID HIGH-PRESSURE FLUIDS
!" Fluids such as diesel fuel or hydraulic oil under pressure

can penetrate the skin or eyes causing serious injury,
blindness or death.
• Avoid this hazard by relieving pressure before dis-

connecting hydraulic or other lines.
• Tighten all connections before applying pressure.
• Search for leaks with a piece of cardboard; take care SA-031
to protect hands and body from high-pressure fluids.

Wear a face shield or goggles for eye protection.
• If an accident occurs, see a doctor familiar with this
type of injury immediately. Any fluid injected into the
skin must be surgically removed within a few hours or
gangrene may result.
SA-292
SA-044
507-E03A-0499
S-22
SAFETY
PREVENT FIRES
Check for Oil Leaks:

!" Fuel, hydraulic oil and lubricant leaks can lead to fires.
• Check for oil leaks due to missing or loose clamps,

kinked hoses, lines or hoses that rub against each
other, damage to the oil-cooler, and loose oil-cooler
flange bolts.
• Tighten, repair or replace any missing, loose or dam-
aged clamps, lines, hoses, oil-cooler and oil-cooler
flange bolts.
• Do not bend or strike high-pressure lines. SA-019
• Never install bent or damaged lines, pipes or hoses.
Check for Shorts:

!" Short circuits can cause fires.
• Clean and tighten all electrical connections.

• Check before each shift or after eight (8) to ten (10)
hours operation for loose, kinked, hardened or frayed
electrical cables and wires.
• Check before each shift or after eight (8) to ten (10)
hours operation for missing or damaged terminal
caps.
• DO NOT OPERATE MACHINE if cable or wires are
loose, kinked, etc..
Clean up Flammables:
!" Spilled fuel, oil, antifreeze fluid and window washer fluid,
and trash, grease, debris, accumulated coal dust, and
other flammables may cause fires.
• Prevent fires by inspecting and cleaning the machine

daily, and by removing spilled or accumulated flam-
mables immediately.
Check Key Switch:

!" If fire breaks out, failure to stop the engine will escalate
fire, hampering fire fighting.
Always check key switch function before operating the
machine every day:
1. Start the engine and run it at slow idle.
2. Turn the key switch to the OFF position to confirm
that the engine stops.
• If any abnormalities are found, be sure to repair them
before operating the machine.
508-E02B-0019
S-23
SAFETY
Check Emergency Engine Stop Switch:
!" If a fire breaks out, failure to release pressurized air in-
side the hydraulic tank will escalate fire, hampering fire
fighting.
• Check the emergency engine stop switch function
every 250 hours:
1) Start the engine and run it at slow Idle.
2) Turn the emergency engine stop switch to the
EMERG. STOP position.
3) Confirm that both engines stop and that pressur-
ized air inside the hydraulic oil tank is released (a
hissing sound should be heard).
• If any abnormalities are found, be sure to repair them
before operating the machine.
Check Heat Shields:

!" Damaged or missing heat shield may lead to fires.
• Damaged or missing heat shields must be repaired or
replaced before operating the machine.
508-E02A-0393
EVACUATING IN CASE OF FIRE
!" If a fire breaks out, evacuate the machine in the follow-

ing way:
• Stop the engine by turning the key switch to the OFF
position if there is time.
• Use a fire extinguisher if there is time.
• Exit the machine.
!" In an emergency, if the cab door or front window can
not be opened, break the front or rear window panes SA-393
with the emergency evacuation hammer to escape from

the cab. Refer the explanation pages on the Emergency
Evacuation Method.
518-E02B-0393
SS-1510
BEWARE OF EXHAUST FUMES
!" Prevent asphyxiation. Engine exhaust fumes can cause

sickness or death.
• If you must operate in a building, be sure there is
adequate ventilation. Either use an exhaust pipe
extension to remove the exhaust fumes or open
doors and windows to bring enough outside air into
the area.
SA-016
509-E01A-0016
S-24
SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS FOR WELDING AND GRIND-
ING
x Welding may generate gas and/or small fires.

• Be sure to perform welding in a well ventilated and
prepared area. Store flammable objects in a safe
place before starting welding.
• Only qualified personnel should perform welding.
Never allow an unqualified person to perform weld-
ing.
x Grinding on the machine may create fire hazards. Store
flammable objects in a safe place before starting grind-
ing. SA-818
x After finishing welding and grinding, recheck that there

are no abnormalities such as the area surrounding the
welded area still smoldering.
523-E01A-0818
S-25
SAFETY
AVOID HEATING NEAR PRESSURIZED FLUID
LINES
x Flammable spray can be generated by heating near

pressurized fluid lines, resulting in severe burns to your-
self and bystanders.
• Do not heat by welding, soldering, or using a torch

near pressurized fluid lines or other flammable mate-
rials.
• Pressurized lines can be accidentally cut when heat
goes beyond the immediate flame area. Install tem- SA-030
porary fire-resistant guards to protect hoses or other
materials before engaging in welding, soldering, etc..
AVOID APPLYING HEAT TO LINES CONTAIN-

ING FLAMMABLE FLUIDS
• Do not weld or flame cut pipes or tubes that contain

flammable fluids.
• Clean them thoroughly with nonflammable solvent
before welding or flame cutting them.
510-E01B-0030
REMOVE PAINT BEFORE WELDING OR

HEATING
x Hazardous fumes can be generated when paint is

heated by welding, soldering, or using a torch. If inhaled,
these fumes may cause sickness.
• Avoid potentially toxic fumes and dust.

• Do all such work outside or in a well-ventilated area.
Dispose of paint and solvent properly.
SA-029
• Remove paint before welding or heating:

1. If you sand or grind paint, avoid breathing the dust.
Wear an approved respirator.
2. If you use solvent or paint stripper, remove stripper
with soap and water before welding. Remove solvent
or paint stripper containers and other flammable
material from area. Allow fumes to disperse at least
15 minutes before welding or heating.
511-E01A-0029
S-26
SAFETY
PREVENT BATTERY EXPLOSIONS
x Battery gas can explode.
• Keep sparks, lighted matches, and flame away from

the top of battery.
• Never check battery charge by placing a metal object
across the posts. Use a voltmeter or hydrometer.
• Do not charge a frozen battery; it may explode. Warm
the battery to 16 qC (60 qF) first.
• Do not continue to use or charge the battery when
SA-032
electrolyte level is lower than specified. Explosion of
the battery may result.
• Loose terminals may produce sparks. Securely
tighten all terminals.
x Battery electrolyte is poisonous. If the battery should

explode battery electrolyte may be splashed into eyes,
possibly resulting in blindness.
• Be sure to wear eye protection when checking elec-

trolyte specific gravity.
512-E01B-0032
SERVICE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

SAFELY
x If spilled onto skin, refrigerant may cause a cold contact

burn.
• Refer to the freon container for proper use when ser-

vicing the air conditioning system.
• Use a recovery and recycling system to avoid venting
freon into the atmosphere.
• Never let the freon stream make contact with the
skin.
SA-405
513-E01A-0405
S-27
SAFETY
HANDLE CHEMICAL PRODUCTS SAFELY
x Direct exposure to hazardous chemicals can cause se-

rious injury. Potentially hazardous chemicals used with
your machine include such items as lubricants, coolants,
paints, and adhesives.
• A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) provides spe-

cific details on chemical products: physical and health
hazards, safety procedures, and emergency response
techniques.
• Check the MSDS before you start any job using a
hazardous chemical. That way you will know exactly SA-309
what the risks are and how to do the job safely. Then
follow procedures and use recommended equipment.
• See your authorized dealer for MSDS’s (available
only in English) on chemical products used with your
machine.
515-E01A-0309
DISPOSE OF WASTE PROPERLY
x Improperly disposing of waste can threaten the envi-

ronment and ecology. Potentially harmful waste used
with HITACHI equipment includes such items as oil, fuel,
coolant, brake fluid, filters, and batteries.
• Use leakproof containers when draining fluids. Do not

use food or beverage containers that may mislead
someone into drinking from them.
• Do not pour waste onto the ground, down a drain, or
into any water source.
• Air conditioning refrigerants escaping into the air can SA-226
damage the Earth’s atmosphere. Government regula-

tions may require a certified air conditioning service
center to recover and recycle used air conditioning
refrigerants.
• Inquire on the proper way to recycle or dispose of
waste from your local environmental or recycling cen-
ter, or from your authorized dealer.
516-E01A-0226
S-28
SAFETY SIGNS
M146-07-080
SS3091469
S-29
SAFETY SIGNS
SS-442
M146-01-022
SS-445 SS-688
SS-723
(Loading Shovel) SS-446
SS3076117
SS-723
S-30
SAFETY SIGNS
SS-723
SS-410
SS3091476
M146-01-035
S-31
SAFETY SIGNS
SS-413
M146-01-024
M146-01-025
SS4193223
M146-01-025
S-32
SAFETY SIGNS
SS-449
M146-01-027
SS-710
Ｍ 141-01-014
S-33
SAFETY SIGNS
MEMO
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S-34
COMPONENTS NAME
COMPONENTS NAME
Loading Shovel
1- Bucket 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
2- Bucket Cylinder
3- Arm
4- Level Cylinder
5- Arm Cylinder
6- Boom Cylinder
7- Boom
8- Cab
9- Emergency Rope Hook
10- Emergency Rope Case
13
11- Fuel Tank
12- Radiator
13- Counterweight 14
15 M146-01-014
14- Travel Device 16
5
15- Ladder Backhoe
16- Track Shoe
3
6 7
M146-01-015
1-1
HANDLING LADDER / EMERGENCY ROPE
USING LADDER
Always use ladder (1) when getting on and off the ma-
chine.
Do not attempt to climb onto or off the machine any other
way.
1
CAUTION:
• Be sure to extend or retract ladder to locked
position.
When you get on and off the machine, always
maintain a three point contact with the steps
and handrails and face the machine.
Never jump on or off the machine. Never
M146-01-001
mount or dismount a moving machine.
• Thoroughly remove and clean slippery materi-
als such as mud and/or grease from the steps
and/or hand rails.
Ladder extending/retracting speed can be changed by ad-

justing bolt (2).
Clockwise Turn: Faster Extending/Retracting

Speed
Counterclockwise Turn: Slower Extending/ Retract-
ing Speed
M146-01-029
M117-01-003
1-2
OPERATING LADDER ON THE GROUND
Extending
1. Pull down chain (4) to release lock. 1
2. Pull down handle (5) to lower ladder (1) to locked

position.
4
3
Retracting
5
1. Pull down chain (3) to release lock.
2. Push up ladder (1) to locked position.
M146-01-016
OPERATING LADDER ON THE UP-

PER-STRUCTURE
Extending
1. Pull up handle (6) to release lock. 6
2. Push down the ladder to locked position.
Retracting
CAUTION: Step back immediately after releasing

ladder lock as spring force slides the ladder up
quickly, potentially causing injury.
M117-01-001
1. Pull up handle (7) to release lock.
2. Pull up the ladder to locked position.
M117-01-002
1-3
EMERGENCY ESCAPE
How to Use
Emergency escape device is provided in case (1) at the
1
left outside the cab.
1. Unlock latch (2) on case (1) to open the cover.

2
2. Hang hook (3) onto the cab upper-left surface hanger
(4).
3. Drop rope wound reel (5).
4. Fasten life belt (6) around your chest.
5. While holding two ropes, move to the outside fence
and face toward the cab (as long as the two ropes M118-07-102
are held, emergency escape device will not operate.)
6 5
6. As soon as the ropes are released, your body is
slowly lowered. Descend while softly pushing the
machine surface by hand to prevent the body from
turning.
7. After landing, immediately take life belt (6) off and
evacuate to a safe place.
M118-07-104
M118-07-108
M146-07-005 M118-07-109
1-4
EMERGENCY EXIT 1
If the operator’s cab door should not open in an emer-

gency, escape in the following methods:
1. Open left window (1). Escape through the window.
CAUTION: Be sure to wear a safety glasses be-

fore breaking the window glass.
2. If left window (1) should be difficult to open, break

the left window glass using emergency evacuation
tool (2). Then, escape through the broken window.
M146-01-035
NOTE: The emergency exit decals are applied to the
left window, located near the front side on left
console.
EVACUATING IN CASE OF FIRE 1 M117-01-082
A fire on the machine can result in serious personal injury

or death.
Avoid the risk of injury or death while evacuating from the
machine during a fire by checking the following regularly:
• Always check if left window (1) can be opened and

closed smoothly before starting the engine. If it fails
to open or close smoothly, repair the window. Left
window (1) can be used as an emergency exit.
• Malfunction of emergency escape device (4) worn
rope or broken hanger may cause falling accident M146-01-035
when evacuating. Before operating the machine, be
sure to check if emergency escape device (4) or
hanger (3) is not damaged. If any abnormalities are
found, replace with new parts.
3
• Before operating the machine for the first time, all
new operators must practice evacuating with this rope
at least once. 4
M118-07-103
1-5
If a fire breaks out, evacuate the machine in the following
way: 4
1. Stop the engines by turning emergency engine stop

switch (5) to the EMERG STOP position if there is
time.

tion.
3. Use a fire extinguisher if there is time.
M118-07-109
4. Exit the machine in the following manner, depending
on the location of the fire.
• If engine compartment sidewalk (7) is not on fire,
evacuate from the machine to the ground through cab 5
door (6), step (9), sidewalk (7) and lower ladder (8).
• If the engine compartment sidewalk (7) is on fire, first
evacuate from cab (11) through cab door (6) to cab
side platform (10). Then, get off the machine using
emergency rope (4).
Emergency rope (3) is provided in the case located
on the left outside wall of the cab. (see the “EMER-
GENCY ROPE” chapter)
M117-01-093
• If the fire is around cab door (6), evacuate the cab by
opening left window (1), and stepping to platform (10).
Then, get off the machine using the emergency rope.
If left window (1) cannot be opened, break the win-
dowpane using emergency evacuation tool (2) to gain
access to platform (10).
6
CAUTION: Avoid possible injury to your eyes.
Wear a pair of safety glasses or goggles when
breaking windowpane with emergency evacua- 9
tion tool (2).
11 10 8 7
M146-01-017
M117-01-082
1-6
OPERATOR’S STATION
CAB FEATURES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1- Left Control Lever/Horn Switch 9

2- Bucket Close Pedal (For Loading Shovel)
3- Left Travel Pedal 12
10
4- Left Travel Lever
5- Right Travel Lever
6- Right Travel Pedal
11
7- Bucket Open Pedal (For Loading Shovel)
8- Right Control Lever M146-01-002
9- Pilot Control Shut-Off Lever

10- Switch Panels (Right)
11- Operators Seat
12- Monitor Panel and Switch Panels (Left) 13
13- Hour Meter

14- Trainer Seat
15- Glove Compartment
16- Fuse Box
M144-01-033
14
15
M146-01-035
16
M146-07-048
1-7
MONITOR PANEL AND SWITCH PANELS
(LEFT)
2 1
M146-01-039
5 4 3
1- Monitor Panel
2- Switch Panel
3- FM/AM Radio
4- Ashtray
5- Engine Speed Control Lever
1-8
MONITOR PANEL
1- Fuel Gauge
2- Hydraulic Oil Temperature Gauge
3- Coolant Temperature Gauge
4- Tachometer
5- Alternator Indicator
6- Pump Transmission Oil Pressure Indicator
(Warning)
7- Engine Oil Pressure Indicator (Warning)
M146-01-039
8- Overheat Indicator (Warning)
1 2 3 4
9- Hydraulic Oil Level Indicator (Warning)
10- Fuel Level Indicator
11- Engine Oil Level Indicator (This indicator is not used
for Cummins Engine Spec.)
12- Download Indicator
13- Coolant Level Indicator
14- Hydraulic Oil Level Indicator
15- Travel Mode Indicator (Slow Speed)
16- Auto-Idle Indicator
10 9 8 7 6 5
M117-01-020
17- Engine Room Light Indicator
18- Entrance Light Indicator
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19- Prelub Indicator
20- Travel Mode Indicator (Fast Speed)
21- Coolant Level Indicator (Warning)
22- Auto-Lubrication Indicator (Warning)
23- Engine Stop Indicator (Warning) 19
24- Engine Warning Indicator 20
25- Air Cleaner Restriction Indicator (Warning)

26- Pump Contamination Indicator (Warning) 21
27- Fast Filling System Indicator (Warning)
22
28- Stop Valve Indicator (Warning)
23
29- Emergency Engine Stop Indicator
30- Ladder Position Indicator (Warning)
30 29 28 27 26 25 24
M141-01-003
1-9
FUEL GAUGE
Fuel machine before needle reaches “E”.

When the needle reaches “E”, approximately 565 liters
(149 US gal) of fuel remain.
HYDRAULIC OIL TEMPERATURE GAUGE

M117-01-055
Start the engine. Run at slow idle until the needle enters
A
white zone (A).
If needle enters the red zone, reduce the load immediately
and run the engine at slow idle until needle returns the
green zone. If the problem continues, contact your au-
thorized dealer.
COOLANT TEMPERATURE GAUGE

M146-01-013
Start the engine. Run at slow idle until the needle enters
green zone, indicating normal operating temperature.
IMPORTANT: Prevent possible engine damage.

Do not stop engine when needle enters
red zone, as temperature will rise further.
Instead, reduce load and run engine at
slow idle.
If needle enters red zone, reduce load immediately and

run engine at slow idle. If problem continues, inspect for
plugged radiator or coolant leakage.
M117-01-032
TACHOMETER
-1
Tachometer indicates engine speed in min .
M146-01-034
1-10
ALTERNATOR INDICATOR
Red indicator will light when alternator output is low.

Check electrical system.
M144-01-023
PUMP TRANSMISSION OIL PRESSURE INDI-

CATOR (WARNING)
Red indicator will light and buzzer will sound when pump
transmission oil pressure is low. Stop the engine immedi-
ately. Take corrective action.
ENGINE OIL PRESSURE INDICATOR (WARN- M144-01-024

ING)

If engine oil pressure indicator comes
on while operating, stop the engine
immediately.
Red indicator will light and buzzer will sound when engine
oil pressure is low. Stop the engine immediately.
NOTE: Cold oil, low oil level, or operating on a steep
slope may cause indicator to light.
M481-01-007
OVERHEAT INDICATOR (WARNING)
Red indicator will light and buzzer will sound when the en-
gine coolant overheats.
Reduce load immediately and run engine at slow idle. In-
spect for debris around radiator, also check for low coolant
level in the radiator.
M424-01-012
1-11
HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL INDICATOR
(WARNING)
Red indicator will light and buzzer will sound when hydrau-
lic oil level in the hydraulic oil tank is low. Stop the engine
immediately. Take corrective action.
FUEL LEVEL INDICATOR M117-01-049
When red fuel indicator lights, approximately 750 liters

(198 US gal) of fuel remains.
ENGINE OIL LEVEL INDICATOR M144-01-025
This indicator is not used for Cummins engine spec.
DOWNLOAD INDICATOR
When the monitoring system (optional) is provided, the

green indicator comes ON if the system memory is fully
M117-01-048
occupied. If the indicator comes ON, download the data.
Ask your authorized Hitachi dealer for details.
M118-01-012
1-12
COOLANT LEVEL INDICATOR
When level check switch is pushed, green indicator will

light if coolant level is adequate for operation.
NOTE: This check does NOT take the place of daily

inspection
HYDRAULIC OIL LEVEL INDICATOR M117-01-035
When level check switch is pushed, green indicator will

light if hydraulic oil level is adequate for operation.
NOTE: This check does NOT take the place of daily

inspection.
M117-01-049
TRAVEL MODE INDICATOR (SLOW SPEED)
This indicator will light when the travel mode is shifted to

the slow travel speed mode.
AUTO IDLE INDICATOR M117-01-043
This indicator will light when the auto-idle device is turned

ON.
M117-01-044
1-13
ENGINE ROOM LIGHT INDICATOR
This indicator will light when the lights in the engine room,
in the room under the cab, and in the pump room are ON.
ENTRANCE LIGHT INDICATOR

M117-01-045
This indicator will light when the entrance lights, located at

the cab rear is ON.
M117-01-046
PRELUB INDICATOR
When the key switch is turned to the START position, the

prelub pump is driven for approx. 5 to 45 seconds before
the engine starts. This indicator stays ON during the pre-
lub pump operation.
M117-01-047
TRAVEL MODE INDICATOR (FAST SPEED)
This indicator will light when the travel mode is shifted to

the fast travel speed mode.
M585-01-010
1-14
COOLANT LEVEL INDICATOR (WARNING)
IMPORTANT: If the engine is operated with the cool-

ant level lower than the recommended
level, damage to the engine and/or ra-
diator may result. As soon as the indi-
cator comes ON, stop the engine.
If the coolant level is lower than the recommended level,

the red indicator comes ON and the buzzer sounds. Im-
mediately stop the engine. Check the coolant system for
leaks and the coolant level. Refill the coolant as neces-
sary. M117-01-035
If the red indicator comes ON and the buzzer continues
sounding for 120 seconds, the engine will stop automati-
cally.
AUTO-LUBRICATION INDICATOR
Red indicator will light when any trouble occurs in the

auto-lubrication circuit. Also, red indicator will light when
auto-lubrication toggle switch in battery compartment is in
the MANUAL or OFF position.
ENGINE STOP INDICATOR

M117-01-036
If any serious abnormal condition occurs in the engine

and/or engine related parts, the red indicator comes ON.
(Automatically the engine speed may be reduced or the
engine may be stopped depending on the extent of the
abnormal condition.) Immediately, set the machine in the
safety position and stop the engine. Then, contact your
nearest Hitachi dealer.
NOTE: When the key switch is turned ON, this indica-

tor normally stays ON until the engine starts.
M144-01-026
ENGINE WARNING INDICATOR
The yellow indicator comes ON if any abnormal condition

occurs in the engine and/or engine related parts. If the en-
gine is operated with the yellow indicator ON, the engine
performance will deteriorate. If the yellow indicator comes
ON, stop the engine immediately and contact your nearest
Hitachi dealer.
NOTE: When the key switch is turned ON, this indica-

tor normally stays ON for approx. 2 seconds M144-01-028
and goes OFF.
1-15
AIR CLEANER RESTRICTION INDICATOR
Red indicator will light when the air cleaner elements are
clogged. Clean or replace outer elements.
PUMP CONTAMINATION INDICATOR
Red indicator will light when trouble occurs in any of the M117-01-038
eight pumps. Contact your authorized dealer.
FAST-FILLING SYSTEM INDICATOR

M117-01-039
When the fast-filling panel is in the stored position, the in-
dicator will go OFF and swing function will become oper-
able.
M117-01-091
1-16
STOP VALVE INDICATOR (WARNING)
Red indicator will light and buzzer will sound when stop
valve in the low pressure circuit is closed, and the engine
cannot be started.
EMERGENCY ENGINE STOP INDICATOR M117-01-041
When the emergency engine stop switch is turned to the

EMERG STOP position, red indicator will light and the
starter cannot be operated. The indicator will remain stay-
ing ON under this condition.
The indicator will go off when the emergency engine stop

switch is turned to the NORMAL position. The starter will
operate.
Other engine emergency stop switches are located as fol-

lows:
Engine Compartment: Two Switches
Oil Cooler and Radiator Compartments: One Switch Each M117-01-040
LADDER POSITION INDICATOR
While the ladder is extended, this red indicator will light

and the machine will not be able to swing.
Check ladder and retract to the locked position.
When the ladder retracts to the locked position, red indi-
cator will go off and the machine will be able to swing.
M117-01-042
1-17
SWITCH PANEL
1 2 5 6 7
8
3
9
4
10
11
M146-01-003
20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
1- Cigar Lighter
2- Wiper Switch
3- Wiper Delay Selector Switch
4- Washer Switch
5- Air Conditioner Rear Panel
6- Air Conditioner Side Panel
7- Air Conditioner Front Panel
8- Indicator Light Check Switch
9- Level Check Switch
10- Buzzer Stop Switch
11- Dimmer Switch
12- Engine Speed Control Lever
13- Work Light Switch
14- Dome Light Switch
15- Engine Room Light Switch
16- Entrance Light Switch
17- Travel Speed Switch
18- Auto-Idle Switch
19- Fast Fill System Switch
20- Preheat Switch
(This switch is not used for Cummins Engine Spec.)
1-18
WIPER SWITCH 2 3 4 5
The wipers (6) can be operated using wiper switch (1) as

follows:
OFF position (2): Deactivated

INT position (3): Wiper operates intermittently.
LO position (4): Wiper continuously operates in slow 1
speed.
HI position (5): Wiper continuously operates in fast
speed.
M146-01-005
WIPER DELAY SELECTOR SWITCH M146-01-029
When the wiper switch is turned to the intermittent position, 8 9 10 11

the interval between wiper operation can be adjusted in
four stages using wiper delay selector switch (7) as fol-
lows:
SHORT position (8): Wiper operates at approx. 4 second

intervals.
position (9): Wiper operates at approx. 8 second
intervals.
position (10): Wiper operates at approx. 15 second
intervals. 7
LONG position (11): Wiper operates at approx. 25 second
intervals.
M146-01-005
1-19
WASHER SWITCH
IMPORTANT: Washer motor may be damaged if

washer switch (1) is held for more than
20 seconds, or continually operated
with no fluid in the washer tank.
Press washer switch (1) to squirt windshield washer fluid

on windshield.
Washer fluid will squirt and the wiper will operate as long
as washer switch (1) is pressed. The wiper will operate 1
four seconds more after washer switch (1) is released.
M146-01-005
1-20
AIR CONDITIONERS
This machine is equipped with three air conditioners, all

located in the room under the cab. Air flow vents for these
air conditioners are located inside the cab at the front, side, 1
and rear, respectively. Moreover, three air conditioner con-
trol panels are provided in the cab, each designated for
one of the three air conditioners.
Component Designation
1- Front Air Flow Vents

2- Side Air Flow Vents Front Air Flow Vents M117-01-054
3- Rear Air Flow Vents 2
NOTE: Direction of air flowing out of each vent can be

changed by adjusting the louver.
4- Air Conditioner Front Panel

5- Air Conditioner Side Panel
6- Air Conditioner Rear Panel
Side Air Flow Vents M144-01-012
Rear Air Flow Vents M146-01-035
6 5 4
M146-01-006
1-21
Designations and Functions of Controls
11 7
7- Ventilation Shift Switch
8- Air Conditioner Switch 10
9- Air Conditioner Indicator

10- Temperature Control Switches
11- Temperature Indicator
9
12- Blower Control Switches
13- Blower Speed Indicator 8
Ventilation Shift Switch (7)

Each time ventilation shift switch (7) is pressed, ventila-
tion mode is shifted between and .
Circulation
Fresh Air 13 12 M117-01-050
When the Fresh Air mode is selected, the cab is slightly

pressurized, preventing dust from entering into the cab.
Air Conditioner Switch (8)
Press air conditioner switch (8) to turn ON the air con-
ditioner. Press it again to turn it OFF.
Air Conditioner Indicator (9)
This indicator (9) will light when the air conditioner is
turned ON.
Temperature Control Switches (10)
Press temperature control switch (10) to increase
the temperature.
Press temperature control switch (10) to de-
crease the temperature.
Temperature Indicator (11)
The number of the lit LEDs indicates the relative tem-
perature of the air blowing out. The higher the
number of the lit LEDs, the higher the temperature of
the air blowing out is.
Blower Control Switches (12)
Control blower speed using these switches.
Each time blower control switch (12) is pressed,
the blower fan speed is increased from OFF to low, to
medium, and to high.
Each time blower control switch (12) is pressed,
the blower fan speed is decreased from high to me-
dium, to low, then it will be turned OFF. Lit part of
blower speed indicator (13) will move each time one
of these switches is pressed.
Blower Speed Indicator (13)
Each part of the indicator indicates blower fan speed as
follows:
When the OFF is lit: OFF
When the is lit: Low Speed
When the is lit: Medium Speed
When the is lit: High Speed
1-22
COOLING 11
Set the temperature to the lowest setting using tempera- 10

ture control switch (10). (Repeatedly press tempera-
ture control switch (10) until only the leftmost indicator (11)
is on.)
Press blower control switch (12) to turn on the blower
fan. Press air conditioner switch (8). (Air conditioner indi-
cator (9) should turn on.) Cool air will flow from the vents. 9
Use temperature control switch (10) and blower control
switch (12) to adjust the temperature inside the cab. 8
M117-01-050
12
HEATING 11
Set the temperature to the highest setting using tempera- 10

ture control switch (10) until all temperature indicators (11)
turn on.)
fan. Warm air will flow from the vents.
Use temperature control switch (10) and blower control
switch (12) to adjust the temperature inside the cab.
M117-01-050
12
DEHUMIDIFYING AND HEATING 11
(To prevent the windshield from clouding)
10
Set the temperature to the highest setting using tempera-
turn on.)
fan. Press air conditioner switch (8). (Air conditioner indi- 9
cator (9) should turn on.) Warm air will flow from the
vents.
8
Adjust front air flow vents (1) and side air flow vents (2) so
that the air flow is directed toward the windshield.
Use temperature control switch (10) and blower control 12 M117-01-050
switch (12) to adjust the temperature inside the cab.
2
1
M144-01-012
M117-01-054
1-23
DEFROSTING
11
Set the temperature to the highest setting using tempera-
ture control switch (10). (Repeatedly press tempera- 10
turn on.)
Repeatedly press blower switch (12) to the high
speed position (until blower indicator (13) comes on).
Adjust front air flow vents (1) and side air flow vents (2) so
that the air flow is directed toward the windshield.
M117-01-050
13 12
M117-01-054
M144-01-012
1-24
BLOWER OPERATION WITHOUT COOLING 11
OR HEATING
10
Set the temperature to the lowest setting using tempera-
ture control switch (10) until only the leftmost indicator (11)
is on.)
fan. Air will flow from the vents.
M117-01-050
12
VENTILATION THE CAB

11 7
Turn on the fresh air indicator using ventilation switch
(7). 10
Set the temperature to the lowest setting using tempera-
ture control switch (10) until only the leftmost temperature
indicator (11) is on.)
Press blower control switch (12) to turn on the blower.
Fresh air will flow from the vents.
M117-01-050
12
1-25
INDICATOR LIGHT CHECK SWITCH
1. Turn the key switch ON. 1

• Alternator indicator (2), pump transmission oil pres- 2
sure indicator (3), engine stop indicator (4), and en-
gine warning indicator (5) will come ON. If either in-
dicator fails to light, the indicator bulb may be burned
out. Engine warning indicator (4) will go OFF after
staying ON for approx. 2 seconds.
2. When indicator light check switch (1) is pressed and
held, all indicators will come ON and stay ON until
the switch is released. If any indicator fails to light,
the indicator bulb may be burned out. 3 M141-01-007
3. The buzzer will sound as long as indicator light check

switch (1) is depressed. If the buzzer doesn’t sound,
the buzzer is faulty.
5 4
M141-01-008
1-26
1
LEVEL CHECK SWITCH
Turn the key switch to the ON position.
When hydraulic oil level (4), coolant level (3) and engine
oil levels (2) are adequate for operation, these indicators
on the monitor panel will light when level check switch (1)
is pushed.
M141-01-007
M141-01-008
1-27
BUZZER STOP SWITCH
The buzzer will sound in the following cases.
1. Pump transmission oil pressure is low.

(Pump transmission oil pressure indicator (5) lights
also.)
2. Engine oil pressure is low.
(Engine oil pressure indicator (4) lights also.)
3. Engine coolant overheat.
(Overheat indicator (3) lights also.)
4. Hydraulic oil tank oil level is low. 1 2 3 4 5
(Hydraulic oil level indicator (2) lights also.) M141-01-007
5. Coolant level is low.

(Coolant level indicator (6) lights also.)
6. Stop valve in the low pressure circuit is closed.
(Stop valve indicator (7) lights also.)
Depress buzzer stop switch (1) to stop buzzer. Buzzer is

automatically reset after releasing buzzer stop switch (1).
If the buzzer sounds again, recheck the above cases.
7
M141-01-008
1-28
DIMMER SWITCH
Use dimmer switch (1) to adjust the air cond. panels (2),
grouped pilot lamp (3), fuel gauge (4), hydraulic oil tem-
perature gauge (5), coolant temperature gauge (6), ta-
chometer (7), and switches (8) illumination.
Clockwise Turn: Brighter Illumination

Counterclockwise Turn: Darker Illumination
1 M141-01-007
2 3 4 5 6 7
8
M146-01-039
ENGINE SPEED CONTROL LEVER
Use engine speed control levers (9) to adjust engine

speed.
9
Slow Idle : Move lever (9) to the LOW position (10)
Fast Idle : Move lever (9) to the HIGH position (11)
11 10
M117-01-013
1-29
WORK LIGHT SWITCH
Press work light switch (1) to turn on all work lights (2). In
addition, illumination for air cond. panels (3), fuel gauge
(4), hydraulic oil temperature gauge (5), coolant tempera-
ture gauge (6), tachometer (7), and radio (8) will be lit.
NOTE: Work light (2) will stay ON for approx. 1 minute

and go OFF after the key switch is turned OFF
with work light switch (1) ON. M146-01-006
1
2
2
M146-01-029
3 4 5 6 7
8 M146-01-039
1-30
DOME LIGHT SWITCH
Press dome light switch (1) to turn on dome lights (2) and
(3), located on the front and rear parts of the cab ceiling.
M146-01-006
M144-01-033
M144-01-034
1-31
ENGINE ROOM LIGHT SWITCH 1 2
Press engine room light switch (1) to turn on light (8) lo-
cated in the room under the cab, in engine room (6), in
pump room (4), control valve room (5), oil cooler room (3),
and radiator room (7) respectively. Engine room light in-
dicator (2) will also light.
NOTE: The lights (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) and (8) will stay M146-01-003
ON for approx. 1 minute and go OFF after the 7

key switch is turned OFF with engine room
light switch (1) ON (indicator (2) is ON).
M146-01-030
8
7
M146-01-017
1-32
ENTRANCE LIGHT SWITCH 1 2
Press entrance light switch (1) to turn on entrance lights

(3) and (4). Entrance light indicator (2) will also light.
NOTE: Entrance lights (3) and (4) remain on approxi-

mately one minute if the key switch is turned off
with entrance light switch (1) turned on, i.e.
with entrance light indicator (2) lit. 2 M146-01-003
M141-01-008
3 4
M146-01-030
1-33
TRAVEL SPEED SWITCH 1
Fast speed (rabbit) and slow speed (turtle) can be selected

by pushing travel speed switch (1).
2- Travel Mode Indicator (Slow Speed)

3- Travel Mode Indicator (Fast Speed)
M146-01-003
M141-01-008
AUTO-IDLE SWITCH 4
While auto-idle switch (4) is turned on, engine speed de-

creases to the auto-idle setting from the engine speed
control lever setting approximately 4 seconds after the
control levers are returned to neutral. Auto-idle indicator
(5) stays on while auto-idle switch (4) is turned on.
Push auto-idle switch (4) again to turn off the auto-idle
function. Auto-idle indicator (5) will also be turned off.
M146-01-003
5
M141-01-008
1-34
SWITCH PANEL (RIGHT)
1- Emergency Engine Stop Switch

2- Key Switch
EMERGENCY ENGINE STOP SWITCH

M117-01-093
If an emergency engine stop is required or if the engine

won’t stop due to a failure of the key switch, turn engine
emergency stop switch (1) to the EMERG STOP position
from the NORMAL position to stop the engine. Air vent
valve (3) located in front of the hydraulic oil tank will open
at the same time to relieve pressure from the hydraulic oil
1
tank. Turn engine emergency stop switch (1) to the NOR-
MAL position to restart the engine.
M117-01-093
KEY SWITCH
M146-01-033
4- OFF (Engine Off)

5- ACC (Horn, Radio etc.)
4
6- ON (Engine On)
5
7- START (Engine Start)
6
M117-01-094
1-35
FAST-FILLING SYSTEM SWITCH
Operate when lowering or raising fast-filling panel (3) lo-

cated at the rear of the machine.
Operation Method
1. Place the pilot control shut-off lever to the LOCK po-
sition.
M146-01-003
2. Start the engine. Run the engine at a slow speed. 1
3. Turn fast-filling system switch (1) ON.

4. Approx. 5 seconds after fast-filling panel indicator (2)
comes ON, fast-filling panel (3) is lowered to the
lowest position.
2
5. Stop the engine.
6. Refill fluids fuel through the fast-filling panel.
7. Restart the engine. Run the engine at slow idle
speed.
M141-01-008
8. Turn fast-filling system switch (1) OFF.
3
9. Approx. 10 seconds later, fast-filling panel (3) will
return to the stored position.
M146-04-001
Swing Device Swing Device
(Front-Left Side) Engine Oil Hydraulic Oil
(Front-Right Side)
Coolant 1
Fuel
Coolant 2 Swing Device Swing Device Grease/
(Rear-Right Pump Trans-
(Rear-Left Auxiliary
Side) mission Oil
Side)
M146-01-031
1-36
ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING SWITCH
Engine troubleshooting switch is located behind side cover

(1) of the left console in the cab.
If the engine and/or engine related parts fail, and either
engine warning indicator (3) or engine stop indicator (4)
lights or continues flashing, display fault codes (flashing 1
the engine warning indicator) by operating engine trou-
bleshooting switch (2). Don’t operate engine troubleshoot-
ing switch (2) when the engine is normal.
Refer to the ENGINE TROUBLESHOOTING on page 11-1
for the details.
2 M146-07-048
M188-01-001
M141-01-007
M141-01-008
1-37
DLU CHECK SWITCH
DLU check switch is located behind side cover (1) of the

left console in the cab.
DLU check switch (2) is used to check DLU condition.
Ask your authorized Hitachi dealer for details.
M146-07-048
M188-01-001
1-38
HOUR METER
1- Hour Meter
The right hand number indicates tenths (six minutes) of
an hour.
M144-01-033
HORN SWITCH
M177-01-057
Horn switch (2) is provided on the top of the left control

lever. The horn continuously sounds as long as switch (2) 2
is pressed.
CAUTION: If horn (3) does not sound when

pushed, immediately stop the engine and con-
tact your authorized dealer for repair. Operating
the machine with a malfunctioning horn may re-
sult in personal injury or death.
M146-01-010
M146-01-029
1-39
AM/FM RADIO OPERATION
4 7 5 2
Controls on the radio
1- Power Switch/Volume Control Knob
2- Tone Adjustment Ring
3- AM/FM Switch
4- Station Presets
5- Tuning Switches 3 6 8 1
6- Display Mode Change Switch
M1G6-01-026
7- Digital Display
8- Time Set Switches
Tuning Procedure
• Manual Tuning Procedure
Repeatedly tap one of tuning switches (5) until the
desired station is reached.
Each time the tuning switch is pressed, the frequency
changes at an interval.
Tap the tuning switch [UP] ( ) to increase the fre-
quency.
Tap the tuning switch [DOWN] ( ) to decrease
the frequency.
• Automatic Search Function

Press and hold one tuning switch (5) for more than
half a second, then release. The frequency display
will move up to the next higher frequency station.
To go up to the next higher frequency station, press
and hold the tuning switch [UP] ( ).
To go down to the next lower frequency station,
press and hold the tuning switch [DOWN] ( ).
In order to deactivate the automatic search function

while it is operating (while searching the next avail-
able frequency station), simply tap tuning switch (5)
again.
If the receiving radio waves are weak, i. e. such as
when the machine is located between high rising
buildings, etc., use the manual tuning procedure to
select the desired station.
1-40
Station Presetting Procedure
4
1. Select the desired station using tuning switches (5). 7
(Refer to the “Tuning Procedure” section.)
2. Press and hold one station preset (4) for more than
1 second until an electronic tone is heard. Now, the
selected station is preset for the selected station
preset. The frequency of the preset station will be in-
dicated on digital display (7).
M1G6-01-026
Once the presetting is complete for a station preset (4), 5
the radio will be tuned to the preset station when station
preset (4) is pressed (for less than 1 second).
DIGITAL CLOCK SETTING PROCEDURE 7
NOTE: In order to set the clock, digital display (7) must

be in the time display mode.
1. Press display mode button (6) to indicate the hour

display on digital display (7).
2. Press and hold time set button (RST) (8) for longer
than 1 second. The hour display will start flashing 6 8 M1G6-01-026
and the time set mode will be selected.

3. Press time set button (H or M) (8) to set the clock.
Each time time set button (H or M) (8) is pressed, the
time display will increase by one. If time set button
(H or M) (8) is pressed and held, the time display will
change continuously.
• When setting the hour, pres time set button (H)
(8).
• When setting the minute, press time set button
(M) (8).
The time is displayed in 12 hour standard.
If either of the switches (H) or (M) is pressed and
held, the hour or minute display will change continu-
ously until the switch is released.
4. When the hour display is “12,” if time set button (H)
(8) is pressed, the hour display will be reset to “1.”
When the minute display is “59,” if time set button
(M)(8) is pressed, the minute display will be reset to
“00.” However, the hour display remains unchanged
in this case.
5. After the clock setting is complete, press and hold
time set button (RST)(8) again for longer than 1 sec-
ond, or turn the radio switch OFF to end the clock
time setting procedure. Digital display (7) stops
flashing and changes to stay ON.
1-41
OPERATOR’S SEAT ADJUSTMENT
Seat Angle and Height Adjustment

(1) The rear part of the seat height can be adjusted in
5 positions at 15 mm (0.6 in) intervals.
Pull up and hold lever (1) to adjust the height of
the rear part of the seat, thus adjusting the angle
of the seat setting in the rear part.
1
a. The rear part of the seat will be positioned in its
highest position by pulling and holding of lever (1)
without applying any weight against the seat.
In practice, remove all weight from the seat until
the rear part of the seat rises to the desired height
while pulling and holding lever (1). Then, release 2
lever (1) to obtain the desired height (angle) of M117-01-030
the rear part of the seat.

b. In order to lower the rear part of the seat, pull and
hold lever (1), apply weight until the rear part of
the seat lowers to the desired position, and then
release lever (1).
(2) The front part of the seat height can be adjusted
in 5 positions at 15 mm (0.6 in) intervals.
Push down and hold lever (1) to adjust the height
of the front part of the seat, thus adjusting the an-
gle of the seat setting in the front part.
a. The front part of the seat will be positioned in its
highest position by pushing and holding of lever
(1) without applying any weight against the seat.
In practice, lean back against the backrest to take
weight off the front part while pushing and holding
lever (1) until the front part of the seat rises to the
desired height. Then, release lever (1) to obtain
the desired height (angle) of the front part of the
seat.
b. In order to lower the front part of the seat, push
and hold lever (1), apply weight until the front part
of the seat lowers to the desired position, and
then release lever (1).
Adjust the seat height by adjusting the rear and front
heights of the seat alternately as desired. [adjustable
height range: 60 mm (2.4 in) (5 positions at 15 mm (0.6
in) intervals)]
Backrest Adjustment
Pull up and hold lever (2) to adjust the backrest.
The backrest can be tilted 66 degrees forward and
72 degrees to the rear at 3 degree intervals.
Adjust the backrest angle with your back against the
backrest. If the back is pulled away from the back
rest, the backrest may hit your back when lever (2) is
pulled.
1-42
Seat Fore-Aft Adjustment
Pull up and hold handle (3) to unlock the seat for the
seat fore-aft adjustment.
With handle (3) pulled up and held, slide the seat to
the desired distance from the control levers. 17 posi-
tions at 10 mm (0.4 in) intervals (160 mm (6.3 in) 4
range) are provided for the seat fore-aft adjustment.
Weight (Suspension) Adjustment
Turn knob (4) until the needle in the transparent part
on knob (4) indicates your own weight in “kg”.
Turn knob (4) counterclockwise to decrease the
weight indication.
Turn knob (4) clockwise to increase the weight indi- 3
cation.
M117-01-030
Armrest Adjustment
Armrest (5) can be raised upright by hand.
Also, the armrest angle can be adjusted by turning 6
dial (6) located on the bottom of the armrest.
Positioning the armrest in front of the body:
x Turn the dial counterclockwise to raise the armrest
angle.
x Turn the dial clockwise to lower the armrest angle.
Headrest Adjustment 5
Headrest height and angle can be adjusted.
M117-01-029
Pull headrest (7) upward or push downward to the
desired position. (Height adjustment range: 50 mm
(2.0 in)) 7
Headrest (7) can be adjusted 60 degrees forward
from the upright position. Move headrest by hands to
the desired angle.
Lumbar Support
A lumbar support mechanism is installed in the back- 8
rest.
The lumbar support force can be adjusted in six
steps.
The furthest-clockwise-turned position of knob (8) is
the standard position.
Turn knob (8) counterclockwise (the arrow-indicated M117-01-012
direction) to increase the lumbar support force.

Console/Seat Unit Fore-Aft Adjustment
Pull lever (9) up to adjust both right and left consoles
and the seat as an integral unit in fore-aft directions.
Release the lever to lock the unit into position. The
fore-aft adjustment range of the unit is 120 mm (4.7
in) with steps every 20 mm (0.8 in).
9 M117-01-030
1-43
SEAT BELT 1
CAUTION: Be sure to use the seat belt when

Before operating the machine, be sure to exam-
ine seat belt (1), buckle (2), or attaching hard-
ware. Replace seat belt (1), buckle (2), or attach-
ing hardware if they are damaged, or worn.
Replace seat belt (1) every three years, regard-
less of appearance. 2
Seat Belt
M117-01-010
1. This machine is equipped with a retractable seat belt

(1).
2. Pull out the end of seat belt (1) and securely insert it
into buckle (2). Confirm that seat belt (1) is not
twisted. 3
NOTE: If seat belt (1) is locked before the end is se-
curely inserted into buckle (2), release the end
of seat belt (1) to completely return it to the
original position. Then, retry.
3. Push button (3) on buckle (2) to unfasten seat belt M117-01-011
(1).
4. Seat belt (4) is also provided on the trainer seat.
M146-01-035
1-44
CAB DOOR RELEASE BUTTON
When opening the cab door, lock it in the fully opened po-
sition. Open the door all the way until it locks in the latch
on the side of the cab. 1
Push button (1) to unlock the door.
M144-01-013
OPENING CAB LEFT WINDOW
The cab left window can be opened.

Pull out lock pin (2) to unlock and open the cab left win-
dow.
CAUTION:
1. Do not keep the cab left window open when 2
the machine is parked on a slope, or while
the wind is blowing hard. The cab left win-
dow may close accidentally, possibly result-
ing in personal injury.
2. When opening or closing the cab left window,
take extra care not to catch fingers between
the base machine and the cab left window.
M146-01-035
1-45
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1-46
BREAK-IN
OBSERVE MACHINE CLOSELY
IMPORTANT: • Be extra cautious during the first 50

hours, until you become thoroughly
familiar with the sound and feel of
your new machine.
• Do not attempt to travel the machine
at full speed before the break-in pe-
riod is over, as the lower rollers and
front idlers may seize. For the first
200 hours of operation, operate the
machine with the travel speed switch
set to the slow speed mode.
• When moving the machine to the
jobsite after completion of local re-
assembly, be sure to operate the
machine with the travel speed switch
set to the slow speed mode.
Check lower rollers and front idlers
every 10 minutes for excessively
high temperature.
• Perform correct break-in procedures
for the front-attachment pins.
1. Operate the engine horsepower up to about 80 % of

full load.
2. Avoid excessive engine idling.
3. Check indicator lights and gauges frequently during
operation.
EVERY 10 HOURS OR EACH SHIFT
1. Perform 10-hour or each shift service. (See Mainte-

nance interval guide -- 10 hours.)
2. Watch for fluid leaks.
3. Lubricate working tool pivots every 10 hours for the
first 50 hours and when working in mud and water.
2-1
BREAK-IN
AFTER THE FIRST 50 HOURS
1. Check coolant, engine oil, and hydraulic oil level and

for leaks every day. Refill with the recommended oils
and coolant.
2. Check and grease the greasing points at the regular
intervals. Grease the front attachment pins every
day.
3. Retighten bolts at the regular intervals.
4. Re-drive in the tooth (point) holding wedges.
5. Check the monitor for any abnormality while operat-
ing the machine.
6. Operate the machine after thoroughly warming up
the engine and hydraulic oil.
7. Check the machine for any abnormal operations
while operating the machine.
2-2
OPERATING THE ENGINE
INSPECT MACHINE DAILY BEFORE STARTING
Backhoe Front Attachment
Arm Cylinder
Arm
Boom
Bucket
Cylinder
Link B
Link A
Level Cylinder Bucket

Loading Shovel Front Attachment
Boom Cylinder
Arm
Boom Boom Cylinder
Bucket Cab T146-01-03-002
Swing Device
Lubricator
Oil Cooler
Hydraulic Oil Tank
Muffler
Battery
Air Cleaner
Pump
Counterweight
Dump Cylinder
Bucket Cylinder
Arm Cylinder
Fuel Cooler
Washer Tank
Engine
Fuel Tank
Front Idler
Track Adjuster
Upper Roller Control Valve
Side Frame
Accumulator Radiator
Ladder Travel Device
Lower Roller
M188-07-001
For other inspection and maintenance procedures, refer to the MAINTENANCE Section.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM: Check for worn or frayed LUBRICATION: Check lubrication points.
wires and loose or corroded connections.
PROTECTIVE DEVICES: Check guards, shields, and
BOOM, BUCKET, SHEET METAL, TRACKS, covers.
HARDWARE: Check for bent, broken, loose, or miss-
ing parts. FIRE PREVENTION: Clean machine of debris.
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM: Check for leaks, missing or SAFETY: Walk around machine to clear all persons
loose clamps, kinked hoses, and lines or hoses that from machine area.
rub against each other or other parts.
3-1
CHECK INSTRUMENTS BEFORE STARTING 1
1. Place pilot control shut-off lever in the LOCK position.
2. Check that all control levers are in neutral.
3. Indicator Light Check

(1) Turn key switch (2) ON. Alternator indicator (4),
pump transmission oil pressure indicator (5), en-
gine warning indicator (7), and engine stop indi-
cator (6) will come ON.
(2) Press indicator light check switch (3). As long as Lock Position M117-05-002
indicator light check switch (3) is pressed and held,

all indicators stay ON. If any indicator fails to light,
the bulb may be burned out.
4. Adjust the seat to allow full pedal and control levers 2

stroke with operator’s back against the backrest.
Fasten the seat belt.
NOTE: Use a damp cloth when wiping dust off monitor

or switch panels to prevent damaging the panel
face. M117-01-093
3 4
7 6 5 M141-01-007
3-2
LEVEL CHECK 1
1. Turn key switch to the ON position.

2. Depress level check switch (1).
Hydraulic oil level (4), coolant levels (3) will light if
levels are adequate for operation.
IMPORTANT: Prevent possible machine damage.

Check fluid levels individually.
The level check does not take the place
of daily inspection at hydraulic oil level
M141-01-007
window, engine coolant reserve tank 4
and engine oil level dipstick.
3
M141-01-008
3-3
STARTING THE ENGINE 1
1. Pull pilot control shut-off lever (1) up to the LOCK

position.
2. Move the engine speed control lever (2) to the LOW

position.
3. Turn key switch (3) to the ON position.
4. Sound horn to alert bystanders.

LOCK Position M117-05-002
5. Turn the key switch to the START position and hold it 2

there until the engine starts. Prelub indicator (4) will
light.
NOTE: 1. This machine is equipped with the Prelub

system. This system functions to automati-
cally lubricate engine components for approx.
5 to 45 seconds before the engine starts,
immediately after the key switch is turned to
the START position. The Prelub indicator
remains lit while this function is operating.
2. Hold the key switch to the START position M117-01-013
until the engine starts after Prelub indicator

(4) goes OFF.
6. The engine starts approx. 3 seconds after Prelub in-

dicator (4) goes off. Be sure to hold the key switch in
the START position until the engine starts.
3
NOTE: If the Prelub indicator remains lit for more than

45 seconds, contact your authorized dealer.
IMPORTANT: Prevent damage to the starter. Do not

M117-01-093
keep to rotate the starter more than 15
seconds. If engine do not start, do over 4
again after 2 to 3 minute.
7. When engine starts release key switch, key switch

(3) will automatically return to the ON position.
M141-01-030
3-4
STARTING IN COLD WEATHER 1
CAUTION: Prevent possible injury from explod-

ing container. Starting fluid is highly flammable.
Keep container away from heat, sparks, and
open flame. Contents are pressurized. Do not
puncture or incinerate container. Remove con-
tainer from machine if engine does not need
starting fluid.
IMPORTANT: An ether is injected automatically.
1. Install an ether container on holder (1) located in the

engine room. M117-03-001
2. Move the engine speed control lever (2) to the LOW

position.
3. Turn key switch (4) to the START position and hold it

there until the engine starts. Prelub indicator (5) will
light.
4. The starter will rotate to start the engine approx. 3 2

M141-01-009
seconds after Prelub indicator (5) goes OFF.
5. A shot of ether will be injected.
6. After the engine starts, release the key switch. It will

return to the ON position.
4
7. Be sure to remove the ether container once the en-
gine is started.
NOTE: When starting the engine at temperatures be-

low 20qC (4qF), contact your authorized M117-01-093
dealer. A coolant heater, jacket water heater or

extra battery capacity may be required.
M141-01-030
3-5
CHECK INSTRUMENTS AFTER STARTING 1 2
IMPORTANT: If indicator lights do not go out after

starting engine, IMMEDIATELY STOP
THE ENGINE and correct the cause.
Check that
1. Hydraulic oil temperature gauge (1) is in the green or
white zone.
2. Coolant temperature gauge (2) is in the green zone.

M141-01-007
5 4 3
3. Alternator indicator (3) is off.
4. Pump transmission oil pressure indicator (4) is off.
5. Engine oil pressure indicator (5) is off.
6. Engine stop indicator (6) is off. 6
7. Engine noise and exhaust gas are normal.
M141-01-008
NOTE: Handy engine troubleshooting can be done by

checking the exhaust gas color (Check with the
engine running, with no load, after sufficient
warm-up operation.)
Colorless
or faint blue : normal (proper combustion)
Black : abnormal (improper combustion)
White : abnormal (oil ring worn, or
coolant leakage into cylinder)
3-6
USING BOOSTER BATTERIES
CAUTION:
1. An explosive gas is produced while batteries
are in use or being charged. Keep flames or
sparks away from the battery area. Charge the
batteries in a well ventilated area.
Do not continue to use or charge the battery
when electrolyte level is lower than specified.
Explosion of the battery may result.
Park the machine on a dry, firm or concrete
surface, not on steel plates, if the machine is
parked on steel plates, dangerous sparks SA-032
may be unexpectedly created on the machine.
Never connect a positive terminal to a nega-
tive terminal, as a dangerous short circuit will
occur.
2. The operator must be in the operator’s seat
so that the machine will be under control
when the engine starts. Jump starting is a
two-person operation.
Connecting the Booster Batteries

IMPORTANT: The machine electrical system is a 24
volt negative (–) ground. Use only 24
volt booster batteries.
1 Upper
When the machine batteries are exhausted, start the en-
gine using booster batteries as shown below.
Machine Batteries
Connecting the booster batteries
1. Stop the engine of the machine on which booster
batteries are mounted.
(Red) Lower
2. Connect one end of red cable to the positive (+) ter-
minal of machine batteries (1), and the other end to
the positive (+) terminal of booster batteries (2).
4
3. Connect one end of black cable to the negative (–)
terminal of booster batteries (3), and then make (Black)
To Upperstructure
ground connection to the frame of the machine to be of the Machine
started with the other end of black (–) cable. In the
last connection to machine frame (4), be sure to
connect the cable end as far away from the machine
2 3
batteries as possible.
4. Start the engine of the machine on which booster
batteries are mounted. Booster Batteries
M117-03-002
5. Start the engine of the troubling machine.

6. After the engine starts, disconnect cables (1) and (2),
following the procedure below.
3-7
Disconnecting the booster batteries Connecting the Booster Batteries
1. Disconnect black negative (–) cable from machine
frame (4) first.
2. Disconnect the other end of black negative (–) cable 1 Upper
from booster batteries (3).
3. Disconnect red positive (+) cable from booster bat-
teries (2). Machine Batteries
4. Disconnect red positive (+) cable from machine bat-

teries (1).
(Red) Lower
4
(Black)
To Upperstructure
of the Machine
2 3
Booster Batteries
M117-03-002
3-8
STOPPING THE ENGINE

If engine stops when operating load,
remove load. Restart engine
immediately. Run 30 seconds at half
speed before adding load.
1. Park the machine on a level surface. M141-01-004
1 2
3. Turn auto-idle switch (1) off.

3
IMPORTANT: Turbocharger may be damaged if the
engine is not properly shut down.
4. Set engine speed lever (2) to the Low position. Run

the engine at slow idle speed without load for five
minutes.
M117-01-093
5. Turn key switch (3) OFF. Remove the key from key 4
switch (3).
6. Pull pilot control shut-off lever (4) to the LOCK

position.
LOCK position M117-05-002
3-9
EMERGENCY ENGINE STOP SWITCH
IMPORTANT: Normally, use the key switch to stop the

engine after running the engine at slow
idle for five minutes. Use the emergency NORMAL EMERG. STOP
engine stop switch only for emergency
stops, or if the key switch malfunctions. 1
If the engine is shut off, without cooling
down, the turbocharger free-wheels
without receiving lubricant, resulting in
serious damage to the turbocharger.
1. Turn emergency engine stop switch (1) in the cab

from the NORMAL position to the EMERG STOP M117-01-093
position when emergency engine stopping is re-

quired.
2. Engine will stop and engine stop indicator (2) on the

monitor panel will come ON.
3. At the same time, air pressure is purged from the

hydraulic oil tank.
2
4. Turn emergency engine stop switch (1) to the Engine Emergency Stop Switch
M141-01-007
NORMAL position before attempting to restart the

engines.
NOTE: Do not use this switch when performing any

inspection / service work.
M146-01-017
3-10
ENGINE STOP SWITCHES
Engine stop switches (1) are located as follows to ensure

safe inspection work in the engine compartment.
Engine Compartment: Two
Pump, Oil Cooler: One Each 1
When engine stop switch (1) is turned to the EMERG.
STOP position, the engine won’t be started with key switch.
Engine emergency stop indicator (2) will come ON and the
buzzer will sound at this time.
When engine stop switch (1) is turned to the EMERG.

STOP position, the engine will be stopped. Turn engine
stop switch (1) to the NORMAL position to restart the en-
gine.
NOTE: Although the engine stops in case the engine

stop switches are turned to the EMERG. STOP
position, air pressure will not be purged from
the hydraulic oil tank. 2
M146-01-032
M141-01-007
Engine Stop Switch
M146-01-017
3-11
MEMO
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3-12
DRIVING THE MACHINE
DRIVE THE MACHINE CAREFULLY
IMPORTANT: During freezing weather, park machine

on a hard surface to prevent tracks from
freezing to the ground. Clean debris
from tracks and track frame.
If tracks are frozen to the ground, raise

tracks using boom, move machine care-
fully to prevent damage to drive train
and tracks.
If engine stops under load, remove the

load. Start engine immediately. Run the
engine 30 seconds in slow idle speed
before you add load.
Select a route that is as flat as possible. Steer machine as

straight as possible making small, gradual changes in di-
rection.
When driving over rough terrain, reduce engine speed to

lessen the possibility of undercarriage damage.
4-1
DRIVING THE MACHINE
STEERING THE MACHINE USING PEDALS
CAUTION: In the standard travel position, the

idlers are positioned at the front of the machine Front Idler
and the travel motors at the rear. If the travel Cab
motors are positioned at the front of the machine,
the control actions of the travel pedals will be
reversed. Be sure to confirm the position of the
travel motors before traveling.
• FORWARD TRAVEL
Push down on front (A) of both pedals. Travel Motor
M104-04-001
• REVERSE TRAVEL
Push down on rear (B) of both pedals.
• NEUTRAL POSITION (C)
When the travel pedals are placed in neutral, travel
brakes automatically will be applied to hold the ma- A
chine. D
A C
• RIGHT TURN B
Push down on front of left pedal. D
C
• LEFT TURN B
Push down on front of right pedal.
• SHORT TURN (Spin turn) Forward and Reverse
Push down the front of one pedal and the rear of the
M104-04-009
other. M104-04-003
NOTE: For long-term traveling, push down on pedal

tabs (D) and rest feet on footrests.
Travel lever dampers are provided for smooth
control. In extremely cold weather, lever effort
will increase. Operate levers several times with
pilot control shut-off lever in the LOCK position.
Pivot Turn M104-04-010

M104-04-005
Spin Turn
M104-04-011
M104-04-007
4-2
DRIVING THE MACHINE
STEERING THE MACHINE USING LEVERS
CAUTION: In the standard travel position, the

idlers are positioned at the front of the machine Front Idler
Cab
and the travel motors at the rear. If the travel
motors are positioned at the front of the machine,
the control actions of the travel levers will be
reversed. Be sure to confirm the position of the
travel motors before traveling.
• FORWARD TRAVEL
Push both levers forward (A).
Travel Motor M104-04-001
• REVERSE TRAVEL A
A
Pull both levers rearward (B). C
• NEUTRAL POSITION (C)
When the travel levers are placed in neutral, travel C
B
brakes automatically will be applied to hold the ma- B
chine.
• RIGHT TURN D
Push left lever forward.
D
• LEFT TURN
Push right lever forward.
• SHORT TURN (Spin turn)
Push one lever forward and pull the other rearward. Forward and Reverse
M104-04-009
M104-04-003
NOTE: For long-term traveling, push down on pedal

tabs (D) and rest feet on footrests.
Travel lever dampers are provided for smooth
control. In extremely cold weather, lever effort
will increase. Operate levers several times with
pilot control shut-off lever in the LOCK position.
Pivot Turn M104-04-010

M104-04-005
Spin Turn
M104-04-011
M104-04-007
4-3
DRIVING THE MACHINE
TRAVEL SPEED SWITCH 1
CAUTION: Tipping accidents can cause serious

personal injury. Do not change travel mode while
traveling; especially, changing speed to the fast
mode when descending slopes will create a very
dangerous situation. Always stop the machine
before changing the travel mode speed. Confirm
the travel mode using the indicators after chang-
M141-01-004
ing modes.
When descending steep slopes, avoid quick ac-
celeration and deceleration in the fast travel 2
mode. Damage to the travel motors may result.
Fast speed (rabbit) or slow speed (turtle) can be se- 3

lected by pushing travel speed switch (1) at any engine
speed.
Indicator lights (2) or (3) show mode selection.
To decrease travel speed, for traveling on a slope or in

a tight space, press switch to turtle position.
1 Travel Speed Switch M141-01-008

2 Travel Mode Indicator (Slow Speed)
3 Travel Mode Indicator (Fast Speed)
Travel Speed Selection Guide
Use this mode to general operations such as excavation. Great travel power is
Slow
obtained, making steering easy.
Use this mode when traveling on a level ground. Although fast travel speed is
Fast
obtained, travel power is small, resulting in weak steering power.
4-4
DRIVING THE MACHINE
TRAVEL ALARM
The travel alarm functions to alert bystanders when the

machine is traveling.
CAUTION: If the travel alarm does not sound

when the travel levers or pedals are operated,
immediately stop the engine and contact your
authorized dealer for repair. Operating with the
travel alarm malfunctioning may result in a seri-
ous accident.
1 Travel Alarm
1 M117-04-001
4-5
DRIVING THE MACHINE
TRAVELING
CAUTION: Use a signal person when moving,

swinging or operating the machine in congested 1 2
areas. Coordinate hand signals before starting
the machine.
• Be sure to fully pull up the ladder before traveling.

• Before moving machine, determine which way to
move travel pedals/levers for the direction you want
to go. When the travel motors are in the rear, pushing
down on the front of the travel pedals or pushing the
levers forward moves the machine forward the idlers.
M145-05-027
• Select a travel route that is as flat as possible. Steer

the machine as straight as possible, making small 1 2
gradual changes in direction.
• When traveling on a level surface, position the front
with boom (1) fully raised, and arm (2) fully retracted,
as illustrated, in order to apply the road as evenly as
possible to all of the lower rollers.
• Examine strengths of bridges and road shoulders and
reinforce if necessary.
• Use wood plates in order not to damage the road sur-
face. Be careful of steering when operating on M145-05-022
asphalt roads in summer.

• When crossing rail roads, use wood plates in order
not to damage them.
• Do not make contact with electric wires or bridges.
• When crossing a river, measure the depth of the river
using the bucket, and cross slowly. Do not cross the
river when the depth of the river is deeper than the
upper edge of the upper roller.
• When traveling on rough terrain, reduce engine
speed. Select slow travel speed. Slower speed will
reduce possible damage to the machine.
• Avoid operations that may damage the track and un-
dercarriage components.
• During freezing weather, always clean snow and ice
from track shoes before loading and unloading ma-
chine, to prevent the machine from slipping.
4-6
DRIVING THE MACHINE
OPERATING ON SOFT GROUND Boom
Arm
• Avoid traveling on very soft ground that does not
have sufficient strength to firmly support the machine.
• If the machine is operated on very soft ground or be-
comes stuck, it may be necessary to clean the track 90 to
frame area. 110q
• Swing the upperstructure 90° and lower the bucket to

raise one track off the ground. Make sure to keep the
angle between the boom and arm 90 to 110° and po- Boom M145-05-007
sition the bucket’s round side on the ground.
Arm
• Rotate the raised track back and forth to remove mud
and dirt.
• After lowering the track to the ground, move the
engine speed control lever to the medium speed 90 to
position and slow travel speed. Carefully move the 110q
machine to firm ground.
• Utilize the boom and arm functions to pull the M145-05-025
machine toward firm ground.
• Tow the machine if it becomes stuck but can still
operate its engine. Be sure to attach a towing wire
correctly. (Refer to the “TOWING MACHINE A
SHORT DISTANCE” section on the next page.)
RAISE ONE TRACK USING BOOM AND ARM

Boom
CAUTION: Keep the angle between boom and Arm
arm 90 to 110° and position the bucket’s round
side on the ground.
Swing the upperstructure 90° and lower the bucket to raise 90 to

track off ground. Do not dig bucket teeth into the ground 110q
when using the loader bucket.
Place blocks under machine frame to support the ma-

chine. Boom M145-05-007
IMPORTANT: When the machine is equipped with the Arm

loading shovel front attachment, don’t
raise the machine off the ground by
bucket tooth force with the bucket cyl-
inder fully retracted. Failure to do so 90 to
will cause excessive loads to be applied 110q
to the bucket pins and cylinders so that
damage to the pins may result.
M145-05-025
4-7
DRIVING THE MACHINE
TOWING MACHINE A SHORT DISTANCE
RIGHT
CAUTION: Cables, straps, or ropes can break
causing serious injury. Do not tow machine with
damaged chains, frayed cables, slings, straps, or Protector
wire ropes.
Always wear gloves when handling cable, straps
or wire ropes. Shackle
When your machine becomes struck but the engine is still

operational, attach wire rope tow lines as illustrated at
right, and slowly tow your machine to firm ground using Wire Rope
another machine.
Be sure to attach the wire ropes around the track frames M114-05-100
of both machines as illustrated.

To prevent the wire ropes from being damaged, place
some protective material between the track frame and the
wire ropes.
IMPORTANT: • Slowly tow, keeping the tow line

horizontal and in a straight line with
the tracks.
• When the machine is towed, release
parking brakes by operating the
travel levers.
4-8
DRIVING THE MACHINE
OPERATING IN WATER OR MUD
The machine can be operated in water up to the upper

edge of the upper rollers only if worksite footing has suffi-
cient strength to prevent the machine from sinking past
the upper edge of the upper roller, and only if the water is
flowing slowly.
When operating in such conditions, check the machine’s 2000 mm

position often. Reposition the machine if necessary. (6c 7s)
Avoid submerging the swing bearing, swing gears and M145-05-023

center joint.
If the swing bearing, swing gears and center joint are sub-
merged, remove the drain plug to drain mud and water.
Clean swing area. Install plug. Lubricate swing internal
gear and swing bearing.
Lubricate swing bearing. (See Maintenance Guide, 500

hours)
M142-07-050
4-9
DRIVING THE MACHINE
PRECAUTIONS FOR TRAVELING ON SLOPES
CAUTION: Avoid possible injury from traveling

on slopes. Tipping over or skidding down of the
machine may result. Thoroughly read and un-
derstand precautions below and be sure to travel
at slow speed on slopes. Never attempt to travel 0.5 to 1.0 m
on slopes with the bucket loaded or any load (1c8s to 3c3s)
suspended by the bucket.
• Never attempt to ascend or descend 30 degrees or

steeper slopes. M145-05-016
• Be sure to fasten the seat belt.

• Keep the bucket pointed in the direction of travel, ap-
proximately 0.5 to 1.0 m (1c8s to 3c3s) above the
ground. If the machine starts to skid or becomes un-
stable, lower the bucket immediately.
• Driving across the face of a slope or steering on a
slope may cause the machine to skid or turnover. If 0.5 to 1.0 m
the direction must be changed, move the machine to (1c8s to 3c3s)
level ground, then, change the direction to ensure
safe operation.
M145-05-024
• Avoid swinging the upperstructure on slopes. Never
attempt to swing the upperstructure downhill. The
machine may tip over. If swinging uphill is unavoid-
able, carefully operate the upperstructure and boom
at slow speed.
• If the engine stalls on a slope, immediately lower the
bucket to the ground. Return the control levers to
neutral. Then, restart the engine.
• Be sure to thoroughly warm up the machine before
ascending steep slopes. If hydraulic oil has not
warmed up sufficiently, sufficient performance may
not be obtained. SA-441
• Turn the travel mode switch to the slow mode position WRONG
on level ground before traveling down a slope. Never
operate the travel mode switch while descending a
slope. Failure to do so may possibly result in causing
the machine to slip.
• When descending steep slopes, avoid quick accel-
eration and deceleration in the fast travel mode.
Damage to the travel motors may result.
SA-442
4-10
DRIVING THE MACHINE
PARKING THE MACHINE ON SLOPES
CAUTION: Avoid parking machine on slopes.

The machine may tip over, possibly resulting in
personal injury.
If parking the machine on a slope is unavoidable:

• Thrust the bucket teeth into the ground.
• Return the control levers to neutral and pull the pilot
control shut-off lever to the LOCK position.
Block
• Block both tracks. M145-05-006
PARKING THE MACHINE

1 M146-01-006
IMPORTANT: Turbocharger may be damaged if the

engine is not properly shut down.
4. Move engine speed control lever (1) to the slow idle

position. 2
Run the engine approximately 5 minutes to cool the
engine.
5. Turn key switch (2) to OFF. Remove the key from the
key switch.
6. Pull pilot control shut-off lever (3) to the LOCK posi-
tion.
3 M117-01-093
IMPORTANT: Protect cab electrical components from

bad weather. Always close windows,
roof vent and cab door when parking
the machine.
7. Close windows, roof vent, and cab door.

8. Lock all access doors and compartments.
M117-05-002
4-11
DRIVING THE MACHINE
MEMO
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4-12
OPERATING THE MACHINE
CONTROL LEVER (HITACHI PATTERN
BACKHOE) 1 5
CAUTION: Never place any part of body beyond

window frame. It could be crushed by the boom 3 4 7 8
if boom control lever is accidentally bumped or
otherwise engaged. If window is missing or bro-
ken, replace immediately. 2 6
Prevent possible injury from unexpected ma-
chine movement.
Make sure you know the location and function of
each control before operating.
The machine is equipped with a label showing the control M146-01-010

patterns of the levers and pedals.
IMPORTANT: When digging, avoid hitting tracks with

boom cylinders.
When digging over the end of the tracks,
travel motors should be at the rear to
maximize machine stability and lift ca-
pacity.
When a lever is released, it will automatically return to

neutral, and that machine function will stop. 3 1
1- Swing Right 2
4
2- Swing Left
3- Arm Roll-Out
4- Arm Roll-In
5- Boom Lower
6- Boom Raise M142-05-002
7- Bucket Roll-In.
8- Bucket Roll-Out. 6
7
5
8
M142-05-003
5-1
CONTROL LEVER (ISO PATTERN BACKHOE)
1 5
window frame. It could be crushed by the boom
if boom control lever is accidentally bumped or 3 4 7 8
ken, replace immediately.
Prevent possible injury from unexpected ma- 2 6
chine movement.
The machine is equipped with a label showing the control

patterns of the levers and pedals. M146-01-010

boom cylinders.
pacity.

neutral, and that machine function will stop.
1 4
1- Arm Roll-Out
3
2- Arm Roll-In
2
3- Swing Left
4- Swing Right
5- Boom Lower
6- Boom Raise
7- Bucket Roll-In. M142-05-002
8- Bucket Roll-Out.
6
7
5
8
M142-05-003
5-2
CONTROL LEVER (HITACHI PATTERN
LOADING SHOVEL) 1 5

chine movement.


boom cylinders.
pacity.

1
1- Swing Right
2
2- Swing Left
3- Arm Retract
4- Arm Extend 4
3
5- Boom Lower
6- Boom Raise
7- Bucket Roll-In.
8- Bucket Roll-Out. M117-05-027
5
8
M117-05-025
5-3
CONTROL LEVER (ISO PATTERN LOADING
SHOVEL) 1 5

chine movement.


boom cylinders.
pacity.

4
3
1- Arm Extend
2- Arm Retract
3- Swing Left 1
2
4- Swing Right
5- Boom Lower
6- Boom Raise
M117-05-027
7- Bucket Tilt-In
8- Bucket Tilt-Out
6
5
8
M117-05-025
5-4
BUCKET OPEN-CLOSE PEDALS (LOADING 9 10
SHOVEL)
9 Bucket Closing
10 Bucket Opening
M146-01-010
10
M117-05-031
5-5
PILOT CONTROL SHUT-OFF LEVER
Pilot control shut-off lever (1) functions to prevent

misoperation of the machine from occurring if the control
levers are accidentally moved when leaving the operator's
seat or when entering the cab.
CAUTION:
• Always pull pilot control shut-off lever (1) into
the full LOCK position. The pilot control
shut-off function will not be activated
otherwise.
• When leaving the machine:
• Stop the engine.
• Then, pull the pilot control shut-off lever up
to the LOCK position.
• Always check to be sure that the pilot control
lever is pulled up to the LOCK position before:
• Transporting the machine.
• Leaving the machine at the end of the shift.
Pilot Control Shut-Off Lever Operation

1
Before Leaving the Machine:

1. Park the machine on a firm, level surface. Lower the
bucket to the ground. Return all control levers to
neutral. Properly shut down the engine.
2. Pull pilot control shut-off lever (1) up into the full
LOCK position.
Before Starting Operation:

1. Confirm that pilot control shut-off lever (1) is pulled
up to the LOCK position.
LOCK Position M117-05-002

After starting the engine: 1
1. Confirm that all control levers and pedals are in
neutral and that no part of the machine is in motion.
2. Lower pilot control shut-off lever (1) to the UNLOCK
position.
If any part of the machine (any actuator) moves when
the pilot control shut-off lever is lowered to the
UNLOCK position despite the fact that all controls are
placed in neutral, the machine is malfuntioning.
Immediately pull the pilot control shut-off lever back to
the LOCK position, and stop the engine. Then, see your
authorized dealer.
UNLOCK Position M117-05-003
5-6
WARMING-UP OPERATION Green Zone
IMPORTANT: The proper machine operating hydraulic

oil temperature is 50 to 80 qC corre-
sponding to the green zone of the hy-
draulic oil temperature gauge on the
monitor panel. If the machine is oper-
ated excessively when the oil tempera-
ture is lower than 20 qC, damage to the
hydraulic components may result.
Start the engine and warm up the machine until the hy-
draulic oil temperature reaches 20 qC in the following
procedures before starting to work.
1. Run the engine at slow idle speed for 5 minutes. M146-01-013
2. Increase the engine speed to middle speed by oper-

ating the fuel lever. Run the engine for 5 minutes
with the bucket held in the rolled-out (tilted-out) posi-
tion. (Do not operate other functions than the bucket
at this time.)
3. Increase the engine speed to the maximum speed.
Run the engine for 5 to 10 minutes with the bucket
rolled-in (tilted-in) or arm rolled-in (cylinder extend).
(Do not operate other functions than the bucket or
arm at this time.)
5-7
WARMING-UP THE MOTOR AND 1
THE CYLINDERS
IMPORTANT: • In cold weather, be sure to thor-

oughly warm-up the motors and cyl-
inders.
• If the hydraulic circuit is continu-
ously relieved for a certain amount of
time, the temperature in the control
valve would rise excessively. Never
operate to stroke end more than 15
seconds. After relieving any function,
up to 15 seconds, be sure to have a
5–10 second intermission.
M146-01-010
1. Run the engine for at least 5 minutes on slow idle.
2. Run the engine for at least 5 minutes at medium

speed.
3. Extend the bucket cylinder to the far stroke end.

Do not operate bucket control lever (1) for over 30
seconds at this time.
4. Retract the bucket cylinder to the near stroke end.

Do not operate bucket control lever (1) for over 30
seconds at this time.
5. Repeat procedures 3 and 4 until the bucket working

speed becomes normal. When atmospheric
temperature is extremely low, extend the medium
speed operating time.
5-8
AUTO-IDLE 1 2 3
With auto-ilde switch (1) turned on, approximately 4 sec-
onds after all control levers are returned to neutral, the
engine speed decreases to the auto-idle setting to save
fuel consumption. The engine speed will immediately in-
crease to the speed set by engine speed control lever (2)
when any control lever is operated.
CAUTION:
• Always check if auto-idle indicator (3) is M141-01-004
turned on or off before starting operation. If

the indicator is on, the auto-idle function will
be activated.
• Always be aware of engine speed control lever
(2) setting when auto-idle switch (1) is turned
on. If the engine speed is set high with engine
speed control lever (2), and if the operator is
not aware of the high engine speed setting,
the engine speed will unexpectedly increase
when any control lever is operated, causing
unexpected machine movement, thus possibly
resulting in serious personal injury.
• Prevent the machine from unexpected move-
ment. Be sure to turn off auto-idle switch (1)
when unexpected machine movement is un-
desirable, especially when loading/unloading
the machine for transportation.
Note that auto-idle function can be turned on or off only

when the key switch is in ON position. Always check if the
auto-idle function is turned on or off with auto-idle indica-
tor (2).
Auto-Idle Function ON : Auto-Idle Indicator (3) ON

Auto-Idle Function OFF : Auto-Idle Indicator (3) OFF
• In order to deactivate the auto-idle function, simply

press auto-idle switch (1) when auto-idle indicator (3)
is turned on. Auto-idle indicator (3) will go out.
NOTE: When the engine speed set by the engine

speed control lever is lower than that of the
auto-idle level, auto-idle circuit will not work
even if auto-idle switch (2) is turned ON.
5-9
ENGINE SPEED CONTROL 1
Increase and decrease the engine speed using engine

speed control lever (1) located on the left console, as il-
lustrated.
Slow Idle : Move lever (1) to the LOW position (2)

Fast Idle : Move lever (1) to the HIGH position (3)
• Before stopping the engine, always move engine

3 2 M141-01-009
speed control lever (1) to the slow idle setting. Run
the engine five minutes to cool the engine. Then, turn
the key switch to OFF position to stop the engine.
5-10
PRECAUTIONS FOR OPERATIONS
CAUTION: Investigate the work site before start-

ing operations.
• Be sure to install an overhead cab guard when
operating in a work site which has a possibil-
ity of falling objects.
• If operation on soft ground is required, suffi-
ciently reinforce the ground beforehand.
• Be sure to wear close fitting clothing and safety

equipment appropriate for the job, such as a hard hat,
etc. when operating the machine.
• Clear all persons and obstacles from area of opera-
tion and machine movement.
Always beware of the surroundings while operating.
When working in a small area surrounded by obsta-
cles, take care not to hit the upperstructure against
obstacles.
• When loading onto trucks, bring the bucket over the M117-05-006
truck beds from the rear side. Take care not to swing
the bucket over the cab or over any person.
NOTE: The standard specification machine is equipped

with the head guard integrated cab.
5-11
OPERATE THE MACHINE SAFELY
CAUTION: Prevent the machine from tipping

over and from being involved in a ground col-
lapse. Take the necessary precautions as fol-
lows:
• Make sure the worksite has sufficient strength
to firmly support the machine.
When working close to an excavation or at
road shoulders, operate the machine with the
tracks positioned perpendicular to the cliff
face with travel motors at the rear, so that the
machine can more easily evacuate if the cliff
face collapses.
• If working on the bottom of a cliff or a high
bank is required, be sure to investigate the
area first and confirm that no danger of the M117-05-007
cliff or bank collapsing exists. If any possibil-

ity of cliff or bank collapsing exists, do not
work on the area.
• Soft ground may collapse when operating the
machine on it, possibly causing the machine
to tip over. When working on a soft ground is
required, be sure to reinforce the ground first
using large pieces of steel plates strong and
firm enough to easily support the machine.
• Note that there is always a possibility of ma-
chine tipping over when working on rough ter-
rain or on slopes. Prevent machine tipping
over from occurring. When operating on rough
terrain or on slopes:
• Reduce the engine speed.
• Select slow travel speed mode.
• Operate the machine slowly and be cau-
tious with machine movements.
5-12
OPERATING BACKHOE 100 mm (4”)
1. Place the bucket teeth on the ground with the bottom 100 mm (4”)
of the bucket at a 45 degree angle to the ground.
2. Pull the bucket toward the machine using the arm as
the main digging force.
3. When soil sticks to the bucket, remove it by moving
the arm and/or bucket rapidly back and forth.
4. When lowering the boom, avoid sudden stops that
M145-05-008
may cause shock load damage to the machine.
5. When operating the arm, avoid bottoming the cylin-
der to prevent cylinder damage.
6. When digging at an angle, avoid striking the tracks
with the bucket teeth.
7. When digging a deep excavation, avoid striking the
boom or bucket cylinder hoses against the ground.
8. When trenching a straight line, position the tracks
parallel to the trench. After digging to the desired
depth, move the machine as required to continue the
trench.
M145-05-009
NOTE: When crowding the arm, it is normal for the

arm to pause briefly at the lowest point of its
curve, as shown. This is due to the fact that the
force of gravity pulls the arm down quickly, and
it takes a moment for the hydraulic force in the
cylinder to catch up. This does not indicate
machine trouble.
GRADING OPERATION
IMPORTANT: Do not pull or push dirt with the bucket

when traveling.
Position the arm slightly forward of the vertical position

with bucket rolled back, as shown.
Operate arm roll-in function while slowly raising the boom.

Once the arm moves past, the vertical position slowly
lower the boom to allow the bucket to maintain a smooth
surface.
Grading operation can be more precisely done by operat- M145-05-010
ing the boom, arm and bucket simultaneously.
5-13
AVOID ABUSIVE OPERATION
Do not use travel as an additional digging force. Severe WRONG

machine damage may result.
Do not raise rear of machine to use the machine’s weight

as additional digging force. Severe machine damage may
result.
M145-05-011
WRONG
M145-05-012
5-14
OPERATING TIPS
WRONG
Do not hit the track with the bucket when digging.
Whenever possible, position your machine on a level sur-
face.
Do not use the bucket as a hammer or pile driver. Do not
attempt to shift rocks and break walls using swing motion.
IMPORTANT: To avoid damaging cylinders, do not

strike the ground with the bucket nor
use the bucket for tamping with the
bucket cylinder fully extended (the
bucket completely curled under).
Adjust the length and depth of each cut to produce a full

bucket with every pass.
Full loads on every pass is more productive than a faster M145-05-013
cycle with a partially filled bucket.

Full load should be the first objective, followed by speed,
to increase productivity.
IMPORTANT: Do not attempt to break ledge rock by

extending the arm to maximum reach
and dropping the front of the bucket on
the bucket teeth for penetration. Serious
damage to the machine can result.
Once the trench is open, ledge rock can be broken by pull-

ing the bucket up under the layers. The top layers are
pulled out first, with one or two layers being lifted at a time.
AVOID SWINGING BUCKET TO MOVE OB-

JECTS
Do not use the bucket for shifting rocks, breaking walls,

and etc. using the swing motion.
These uses will damage the front attachment.
5-15
LOADING SHOVEL OPERATION
1. To dig, position the bucket bottom parallel to and

touching the ground and extend the arm while crowd-
ing the bucket.
2. Digging force increases as the arm is extended. Try

to dig with the arm extended where strong digging
forces are required.
3. Straight Retraction
When the arm cylinder is retracted, the arm top
moves horizontally, as oil escaping from the level
cylinder flows to the bottom end of the boom cylin-
ders, raising the boom.
When the bucket cylinders are fully extended and

the bucket comes into contact with the stopper, the
straight retraction cannot be performed. To perform
the straight retraction, retract the arm cylinder after
dumping the bucket slightly.
M145-05-015
PROHIBITED OPERATION
1. Never dig with the bucket retracted too closely to the

undercarriage, as the machine components will be
subjected to excessive force.
More than 3 m (10 ft)

M117-05-017
2. Never dig with the bucket fully retracted and the WRONG
bucket teeth stuck in the ground as the front attach-
ment will be subjected to excessive force.
M117-05-018
5-16
3. Do not use the rear of the bucket for grading opera-
tion, as this will damage it. WRONG
M117-05-019
WRONG
4. Do not push rocks or other heavy materials with the
side of the bucket (using the swing movement of the
upperstructure), as this may damage the front at-
tachment. If such pushing is unavoidable, be sure to
do it slowly and carefully.
M117-05-020
WRONG
CAUTION: When excavating with boom ex-

tended to high levels, do not tilt bucket back, as
materials will spill on operator’s cab. Dump
bucket slightly to prevent spilling.
M117-05-021
WRONG
IMPORTANT: • When digging with the upperstruc-
ture at an angle to the undercarriage,
avoid striking the tracks with the
bucket.
• Avoid further extension of the
bucket cylinder after the bucket
comes into contact with the stopper,
as the arm cylinder will be extended,
moving the bucket forward.
M145-05-026
5-17
5. Do not use the weight of the base machine to pry
earth as illustrated. WRONG
Doing so will damage the base machine and may
cause personal injury.
M117-05-009
6. Machine stability is greater when the load is posi-

tioned parallel with the tracks.
Machine stability is reduced when the load is swung
to the side and when operating the front attachment
perpendicular to the tracks.
Sudden stop of boom lowering movement is espe-
cially likely to cause tipping over.
When working on weak/soft surfaces or when loading M117-05-010
high-density materials, operate the machine at re-

duced bucket loads.
WRONG
M117-05-011
5-18
OBJECT HANDLING --- IF EQUIPPED
CAUTION: When you use machine for object

handling, be sure to comply with all local regula-
tions.
Cables, straps, or ropes can break, causing se-
rious injury. Do not use damaged chains, frayed
cables, slings, straps, or ropes to crane.
Never move the load quickly. Never move load

over a person’s head. Do not allow any persons
near load.
Keep all persons away from wire-rope-attached

load, lifted or sitting on the ground unless it is
securely sitting on blocks or on the ground.
Position upperstructure so that the travel motors

are at the rear.
SA-014
Do not attach sling/chain to the bucket teeth.
• Secure sling/chain tightly to the load to be lifted.

Wear gloves when securing sling/chain.
• Fasten sling/chain to bucket loop, with the bucket
curled and arm retracted.
• Coordinate hand signals with your signal man before
starting.
• Be aware of the location of all persons in the working
area.
• Attach a hand line to load and make sure person
holding it is well away from load.
• Before lifting, test your load.
1. Park your machine close to load.
2. Attach load to the machine.
3. Raise load 50 mm (2 in) above the ground.
4. Swing the load all the way to one side.
5. While keeping load close to the ground, move it
away from machine.
6. If there is any indication of reduced stability of
your machine, lower load to the ground.
• Lift load only as high as necessary.
5-19
OVERNIGHT STORAGE INSTRUCTIONS
1. After finishing the day’s operation, drive the machine

to a firm, level ground where no possibility of falling
stones, ground collapse, or floods.
Park the machine referring to the
“PARKING THE MACHINE” in the “DRIVING THE
MACHINE” section.
2. Fill the fuel tank with fuel.
3. Clean the machine.
4. If anti-freeze or long life coolant is not used in cold
weather, be sure to drain coolant from the radiator
and the engine jacket. Also, be sure to put a “No
Water in Radiator” tag in a visible place if the coolant
has been drained.
M117-05-023
5-20
MAINTENANCE
CORRECT MAINTENANCE AND INSPECTION
PROCEDURES
Learn how to service your machine correctly. Follow the

correct maintenance and inspection procedures shown in
this manual.
Inspect machine daily before starting.

• Check controls and instruments.
• Check coolant, fuel and oil levels.
• Check for leaks, kinked, frayed or damaged hoses
and lines. SA-005
• Walk around machine checking general appearance,

noise, heat, etc.
• Check for loose or missing parts.
If there is any problem with your machine, repair it before

operating or contact your authorized dealer.
IMPORTANT: y Use only recommended fuel and lu-

bricants.
y Use only genuine HITACHI parts.
y Failure to use recommended fuel, lu-
bricants, and genuine Hitachi parts
will result in loss of Hitachi product
warranty.
y Never adjust engine governor or hy-
draulic system relief valve.
y Protect electrical parts from water
and steam.
y Never disassemble electrical compo-
nents such as EC, sensors, etc.
7-1
MAINTENANCE
SERVICE YOUR MACHINE AT SPECIFIED IN-
TERVALS
Perform all service procedures described in this mainte-

nance guide.
1
Lubricate, make service checks and adjustments at inter-
vals shown on the periodic maintenance chart (1) located
on the inside of the cab rear window (and on the following
pages).
M146-01-035
CHECK THE HOUR METER REGULARLY
• Check hour meter (2) to determine when your ma-

chine needs periodic maintenance.
• Intervals on the periodic maintenance chart are for
operating in normal conditions. If you operate your
machine in more adverse conditions, you should ser-
vice it at SHORTER INTERVALS. 2
M144-01-033
USE CORRECT FUELS AND LUBRICANTS
IMPORTANT: Always use recommended fuels and lu-

bricants.
Failure to do so will result in machine
damage and loss of Hitachi product
warranty.
7-2
MAINTENANCE
PREPARE MACHINE FOR MAINTENANCE
1
Before performing the maintenance procedures given in
the following chapters, park the machine as described be-
low, unless otherwise specified.

IMPORTANT: The turbocharger may be damaged if

the engine is not properly shut down.
M117-05-002
4. Run the engine at slow idle speed without load for
five minutes.
5. Turn the key switch OFF. Remove key from switch.
(If maintenance must be performed with engine run-
ning, do not leave machine unattended.)
6. Pull the pilot control shut-off lever (1) to the LOCK
position.
7. Before performing any work on the machine, attach
a “Do Not Operate” tag on the right control lever.
8. Ground Disconnector
This machine is equipped with a battery ground dis-
connector located outside of engine unit compart-
M146-01-021
ment on the right side. The battery ground circuit can
be disconnected by pulling disconnector lever (2)
down before replacing the battery, checking the elec-
trical system, or performing welding work on the
2
machine.
IMPORTANT: Don’t pull the ground disconnector

down while operating the machine.
9. When using a vacuum pump to create negative

pressure in the hydraulic oil tank while working on M146-07-062
the hydraulic lines, close stop valve cock (3) on the
hydraulic oil tank air bleed valve. Be sure to open
cock (3) after completing the repair work.
Open
3
Close
M146-01-033
7-3
MAINTENANCE
10. Before starting to check and/or service the inside of
the engine compartment, turn engine stop switch (4)
located at the engine compartment entrance to the
EMERG. STOP position to assure safety.
4
M146-01-032
7-4
MAINTENANCE
OPEN ACCESS DOORS FOR SERVICE
1
CAUTION:
• Do not keep the access doors open when the
machine is parked on a slope, or while the
wind is blowing hard. The access doors may
close accidentally, possibly resulting in per-
sonal injury.
• When opening or closing the hood and the
access doors, take extra care not to catch fin-
gers between the base machine and the hood
or the access doors.
• To keep the access door open, lower rod (1) into a M146-07-015
gap on the platform or into locking hole (2), as illus-
trated.
2 1 M146-07-016
Door Position
Door Position M146-07-014
7-5
MAINTENANCE
INSPECTION/MAINTENANCE LIGHTS
A light is provided for inspection/maintenance work in

room (6) under the cab, in engine room (4), in pump room
5
(2), in oil cooler room (1), in control room (3), and in ra-
diator room (5).
Use engine room light switch (7), located on the switch

panel in the cab, to turn on/off these lights.
Radiator Room M146-01-030
1 2
6 5
7 M146-01-017
M146-01-003
7-6
MAINTENANCE
USE A CHAIN TO PREVENT FALLING ACCI-
DENTS 1
When inspection or maintenance is required on cab front

step (2), tighten chain (1) as described below to prevent
falling from cab front step (2).
CAUTION: Before starting inspection or main-

tenance on the cab front step, be sure to attach
the chain to the step handrail. Before attaching
the chain, check to be sure that the chain has no
damage. If any damage such as wear or breaks
are found, replace with new one.
1. Remove chain (1) from hook (3) located on the

2
left-upper front cab and from handrail (5). 3
M146-01-029
2. Install the free end of chain (1) to right hook (7) to

4
attach the chain.
3. Check that chain (1) is securely installed to both 1
hooks (6) and (7).
4. Before re-starting machine operation, remove chain
(1) from right hook (7). After hanging the chain on
hook (4), let it wrap around handrail (5). Then, 5
re-install the end of chain (1) to left upper hook (3).
1 M117-07-151
M146-07-006
7 6
7-7
MAINTENANCE
CONSTRUCTION OUTLINE
Backhoe
Arm Cylinder
Arm
Boom
Bucket
Cylinder
Link B
Link A
Bucket
Boom Cylinder T146-01-03-002
Level Cylinder
Loading Shovel
Boom Cylinder
Arm Boom
Cab
Bucket
Swing Device
Lubricator
Oil Cooler
Hydraulic Oil Tank
Muffler
Battery
Air Cleaner
Pump
Counterweight
Dump Cylinder
Bucket Cylinder
Arm Cylinder
Fuel Cooler
Washer Tank
Engine
Fuel Tank
Front Idler
Track Adjuster
Upper Roller Control Valve
Side Frame Fast-Filling Device
Accumulator Radiator
Ladder Travel Device
Lower Roller
M188-07-001
7-8
MAINTENANCE
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
IMPORTANT: Hydraulic equipment such as hydraulic

pumps, control valves, and relief valves
have been adjusted at the factory. Do
not attempt to disassemble or turn the
adjusting screws, as they are very diffi-
cult to readjust.
Consult your authorized dealer if any
trouble should occur.
1. Oil from the main and swing pumps flows through

the control valves to the cylinders and motors. Most
return oil from the control valves flows back to the
hydraulic oil tank via the full-flow filters; a small
amount returns via oil coolers directly. High pressure
strainers are provided in the pump delivery lines be-
tween the pumps (excluding the swing pumps) and
control valves.
2. The pilot valves actuated by the control lev-

ers/pedals send pilot oil from the pilot pumps to the
control valves, moving their spools. This spool
movement routes the pump delivery oil to the cylin-
ders and motors.
3. Relief valves of sufficient capacity are provided in

the control valves, full-flow filters and the pilot and
oil cooler circuits in order to protect each circuit from
abnormally high pressure.
4. The excavator is equipped with an accumulator in

the pilot oil line which makes it possible to operate
the front attachment for a few seconds after the en-
gine has stopped. The accumulator is charged with
high pressure gas; do not attempt to remove or dis-
assemble it, and do not expose the accumulator to
flame.
5. The excavator is equipped with an independent oil

cooler and circulation pump for the pump transmis-
sion, which functions to cool pump transmission oil.
7-9
MAINTENANCE
Loading Shovel
1. BUCKET CYLINDER
2. DUMP CYLINDER
3. ARM CYLINDER
4. BOOM CYLINDER
5. LEVEL CYLINDER
6. PILOT VALVE (Travel)
7. PILOT VALVE (Bucket Open and Close)
8. PILOT VALVE (Front/Swing)
9. PILOT VALVE (Front)
10. PILOT SHUT-OFF VALVE
11. AIR CON. COMPRESSOR MOTOR
12. SWING MOTOR
13. CENTER JOINT
14. GREASE PUMP
15. OIL COOLER FAN MOTOR
16. OIL COOLER
17. PILOT FILTER
18. CONTROL VALVE (Bucket)
19. CONTROL VALVE (Bucket Rollin/Arm
Rollin)
20. CONTROL VALVE (Boom)
21. CONTROL VALVE (Swing)
22L. CONTROL VALVE (Left Travel)
22R. CONTROL VALVE (Right Travel)
23. CONTROL VALVE (Bucket Open/Close)
24. CONTROL VALVE (Arm)
25. HYDRAULIC OIL TANK
26. FULL-FLOW FILTER
27. LOW PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
28. BYPASS FILTER
29. DRAIN FILTER
30. SUCTION FILTER
31. SUCTION MANIHOLD
32. ENGINE
33. PUMP TRANSMISSION
34. MAIN PUMP (No.1)
35. MAIN PUMP (No. 2)
41. MAIN PUMP (No. 8) Supply Line from Pumps
42. RADIATOR FAN DRIVE PUMP Return Line
43. OIL COOLER FAN DRIVE PUMP Suction Line
Actuator Line
44. PILOT PUMP
Drain and Pilot Line
45. AIR-CON. COMP. DRIVE PUMP
46. PUMP TRANSMISSION OIL COOLER M188-07-002
PUMP
47. PUMP TRANSMISSION OIL FILTER
48. PUMP TRANSMISSION OIL COOLER
49. LTA COOLER
50. RADIATOR
51. RADIATOR FAN MOTOR
52. HIGH PRESSURE FILTER, CHECK VALVE
53. BRAKE VALVE
54. TRAVEL MOTOR
55. FUEL COOLER
56. FUEL COOLER FAN MOTOR
57. FUEL COOLER FAN DRIVE PUMP
7-10
MAINTENANCE
Backhoe
1. BUCKET CYLINDER
2. DUMP CYLINDER
3. ARM CYLINDER
4. BOOM CYLINDER
5. LEVEL CYLINDER
6. PILOT VALVE (Travel)
7. PILOT VALVE (Bucket Open and Close)
8. PILOT VALVE (Front/Swing)
9. PILOT VALVE (Front)
10. PILOT SHUT-OFF VALVE
11. AIR CON. COMPRESSOR MOTOR
12. SWING MOTOR
13. CENTER JOINT
14. GREASE PUMP
15. OIL COOLER FAN MOTOR
16. OIL COOLER
17. PILOT FILTER
18. CONTROL VALVE (Bucket)
19. CONTROL VALVE (Bucket Rollin/Arm
Rollin)
20. CONTROL VALVE (Boom)
21. CONTROL VALVE (Swing)
22L. CONTROL VALVE (Left Travel)
22R. CONTROL VALVE (Right Travel)
23. CONTROL VALVE (Bucket Open/Close)
24. CONTROL VALVE (Arm)
25. HYDRAULIC OIL TANK
26. FULL-FLOW FILTER
27. LOW PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE
28. BYPASS FILTER
29. DRAIN FILTER
30. SUCTION FILTER
31. SUCTION MANIHOLD
32. ENGINE
33. PUMP TRANSMISSION
34. MAIN PUMP (No.1)
40. MAIN PUMP (No. 7) Supply Line from Pumps
41. MAIN PUMP (No. 8) Return Line
Suction Line
42. RADIATOR FAN DRIVE PUMP
Actuator Line
43. OIL COOLER FAN DRIVE PUMP Drain and Pilot Line
44. PILOT PUMP
45. AIR-CON. COMP. DRIVE PUMP M188-07-002
PUMP
47. PUMP TRANSMISSION OIL FILTER
49. LTA COOLER
50. RADIATOR
51. RADIATOR FAN MOTOR
52. HIGH PRESSURE FILTER, CHECK VALVE
53. BRAKE VALVE
54. TRAVEL MOTOR
55. FUEL COOLER
56. FUEL COOLER FAN MOTOR
57. FUEL COOLER FAN DRIVE PUMP
7-11
MAINTENANCE
PERIODIC REPLACEMENT OF RUBBER 3
HOSES
CAUTION: Rubber hoses, such as hydraulic

hoses, lubrication hoses, fuel hoses, and heater
hoses, may break due to aging, fatigue, and
abrasion, possibly resulting in serious injury or
death. 1
1
In order to avoid serious personal injury, be sure
to replace the hoses listed in the following table
every two years, or 8000 hours of operation,
whichever comes first. Use genuine Hitachi parts.
It is very difficult to gauge the extent of deterio-

ration due to aging, fatigue, and abrasion of
rubber hoses by inspection alone. Thus, if rub-
ber hoses are not replaced periodically, serious
M146-07-095
personal injury may result due to falls of the
front, penetration of high pressure oil into the
skin, or fire. 2 Block 2
Regardless of regular replacement intervals, if

hoses are found to be defective by periodic in-
spection (refer to pages 7-60 and 7-70), be sure
to repair or replace them before operating the
machine. Be sure to replace seals, such as
O-rings and hose clamps along with replacing 4
hoses.
Consult your authorized dealer for correct hose
replacement.
Hydraulic Hoses
4 M146-07-066
Hoses Q’ty in Use
Pump to High Pressure Filter (1) 8
3 2
High Pressure Filter to Control Valve (2) 4
Fan Pump Delivery (3) 4
Block to High Pressure Pipe (4) 4 1
High Pressure Pipe to Control Valve (5) 4

Control Valve to Front (6) 2 2
7
Tail Hose (7) 6
7
1
3
7
M146-07-113
4 4
7-12
MAINTENANCE
6
M146-07-096
7-13
MAINTENANCE
Hoses Q’ty in Use

Loading Shovel Main Frame to
16
Front Hoses Boom
M146-07-097
Hoses Q’ty in Use

Backhoe Front Main Frame to
16
Hoses Boom
M146-07-017
7-14
MAINTENANCE
Fuel Hoses
Hoses Q’ty in Use

Fuel Tank to Engine (a) 2
Engine to Fuel Cooler (b) 2
Fuel Cooler to Fuel Tank (c) 3
c
M146-07-079
M141-07-009
M141-07-010
7-15
MAINTENANCE
M188-07-003
7-16
MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE INTERVAL GUIDE
A. GREASING (See Page 7-21)

Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
5 10 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Loader Front Joint Bucket Pins 8 ✳ ★★
Pins Other Front Pins 16 ✳ ★★
2. Backhoe Front Bucket and Link Pins 14 ✳ ★★
Joint Other Front Pins
18 ✳ ★★
Pins
3. Swing Bearing 24 ✳
350 L
4. Swing Internal Gear
(92.5 US gal)
5. Center Joint 1 ✳
NOTE: ★★ Maintenance required when operating in water or mud.
✳ Auto-lubrication is available.
B. ENGINE (See Page 7-31)

Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 400 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Engine Oil Check Oil Level 1
260 L
2. Engine Oil Change ✳ ★ ★
(68.7 US gal)
3. Replace Engine Oil Filter 4 ✳ ★ ★
4. Clean Engine Lube Oil Filter (Option) 1
NOTE: ✳ First time only.
★ Engine oil changing interval differs according to the kind of engine oil used. For further details.
Refer to Cummins Engine Operation and Maintenance Manual.
C. TRANSMISSION (See Page 7-35)

Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Pump Check Oil Level 1 *
Trans- Engine Change Oil 52 L (13.7 US gal) *
mission Oil Replace Filter 2
Gear Clean Breather 1
2. Swing Check Oil Level 4 *
Gear
Reduction Change Oil 75 L (19.8 US gal)!4 *
Oil
3. Travel Check Oil Level 2
Gear
Reduction
Oil Change Oil 220 L (58.1 US gal)!2 *
Gear
NOTE: * First time only.
7-17
MAINTENANCE
D. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (See Page 7-44)
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 2000 2500 4000 12000
1. Check Hydraulic Oil Level 1 *
2. Drain Hydraulic Oil Tank Sump 1
4000 L
3. Change Hydraulic Oil ★ ★ ★
(1060 US gal)
4. Replace Full-Flow Filter and Drain Filter 6 *
5. Replace Bypass Filter 1 *
6. Replace Pilot Oil Filter 1 *
Clean Filter 6 When changing hydraulic oil
7. Suction Filter
Replace Filter 6
8. Replace High-Pressure Strainer 8
9. Clean Oil Cooler Core 4
10. Check Hoses and Lines (for leak, loose) "
Check Hoses and Lines (for crack, bend, etc.) "
NOTE: ★ Hydraulic oil changing interval differs according to the kind of hydraulic oil used. See recommended
oil chart.
* First time only.
E. FUEL SYSTEM (See Page 7-67) Tank capacity 7200 liter (1900 US gal)
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Drain Fuel Tank Sump 1
2. Drain Fuel Filter Sediment 3
3. Replace Fuel Filter 3
Check Fuel Hoses (for leak, loose) "
4.
Check Fuel Hoses (for crack, bend, etc.) "
5. Clean Fuel Cooler Core 1
F. AIR CLEANER (See Page 7-74)

Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Air Cleaner Outer Ele- Cleaning 4 As required
ment Replacement 4 Replace per 6 cleaning
2. Air Cleaner Inner Element Replacement 4 when outer element is replaced
7-18
MAINTENANCE
G. COOLING SYSTEM (See Page 7-76)
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Check Coolant Level 1
2. Check DCA4 Concentration in Coolant -
3. Replace Coolant Filter 2
4. Change Coolant 549 L (145 US gal) Twice a year, in spring and autumn ✳
5. Clean Radiator, LTA Cooler Interior 1+1 When changing coolant
6. Clean Radiator, LTA Cooler Core 1+1
NOTE: ✳ Before leaving the Hitachi factory, the cooling system is filled with a mixture of water and Genuine
Hitachi Long-Life Coolant. As long as Genuine Hitachi Long-Life Coolant is used, the service inter-
vals between changing the coolant is once every two years, or every 4000 hours, whichever comes
first.
H. AIR CONDITIONER (See Page 7-90)

Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Recirculation Air Fil- Cleaning 3 As required
ter Replacement 3 Replace per 4 cleaning
Cleaning 3 As required
2. Ventilation Air Filter
Replacement 3 Replace per 4 cleaning
3. Check Refrigerant Quantity 3
4. Check Compressor Belt Tension 3
5. Clean Condenser Core 3
6. Check Tightening Torque "
7. Seasonal Maintenance " Preseason (once a year), Off-season (once a week)
7-19
MAINTENANCE
I. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (See Page 7-97)
J. MISCELLANEOUS (See Page 7-108)

Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 3000
1. Check Bucket Teeth for Wear and Looseness 6
2. Inspect Emergency Rope and Rope Mounting
1
Hardware
3. Check Auto-Lubrication System 1
Check 2
4. Seat Belt
Replacement 2 At least once every 3 years
5. Check Washer Tank 2 As required
6. Check and Adjust Track Sag 2
7. Check Accumulator and Track Adjuster
2 Every year
Cylinder Circuit
8. Clean Side Frame Area 2
9. Check Tightening Torque of Bolts and Nuts " ★
NOTE: ★ First time only.
7-20
MAINTENANCE
A. GREASING
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
5 10 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Loader Front Joint Bucket Pins 8 ✳ ★★
Pins Other Front Pins 16 ✳ ★★
2. Backhoe Front Bucket and Link Pins 14 ✳ ★★
Joint Other Front Pins
18 ✳ ★★
Pins
3. Swing Bearing 24 ✳
350 L
4. Swing Internal Gear
(92.5 US gal)
5. Center Joint 1 ✳
NOTE: ★★ Maintenance required when operating in water or mud.
✳ Auto-lubrication is available.
1 1 1
T146-01-03-002
3 4 5
T146-01-03-001
Brand Names of Recommended Grease

Where to be Front Joint Pins,
Swing Internal Gear
applied Swing Bearing
Manufacturer –20 to 50 °C (–4 to 122 °F)

British Petroleum BP Energrease LS-EP2 BP Energrease LS-EP1
Caltex Oil Multifax EP2 Multifax EP1
Esso Beacon EP2 Beacon EP1
Idemitsu Kosan Daphne Coronex Daphne Coronex
Grease EP2 Grease EP1
Mobil Oil Mobilux EP2 Mobilux EP1
Nippon Oil Epinoc Grease AP2 Epinoc Grease AP1
Shell Oil Shell Alvania EP Shell Alvania EP
Grease 2 Grease 1
NOTE: The machine is shipped from the factory is filled with

lubricants marked with .
7-21
MAINTENANCE
Loading Shovel Front Joint Pins

--- daily (every 10 hours) 3
Add grease to all fittings shown below daily. Most of the 4
fittings are grouped, as shown, for quick and safe
lubrication.
• Bucket Cylinder Bottom Pin (1) M114-07-008
• Dump Cylinder Bottom Pin (2) M144-07-002
• Dump Cylinder Rod Pin (3) M144-07-003
Bucket Joint Pin (4)

3
M144-12-005
7-22
MAINTENANCE
2. Grouped Grease Fittings (5) --- Boom
Ñ : Lubrication Points
M146-07-084
3. Boom Cylinder Rod Pins
M146-07-018
7-23
MAINTENANCE
4. Grouped Grease Fittings (6) --- Arm
Ñ :Lubrication Points
M146-07-085
7-24
MAINTENANCE
Backhoe Front Joint Pins --- daily

Add grease to all fittings shown below daily. Most of the
fittings are grouped, as shown, for quick and safe lubri-
cation.
1. Grease Fittings for bucket and link pins. M146-07-020
2. Grouped Grease Fittings (1) --- Boom/Arm M146-07-078
Fittings for boom foot pins and boom cylinder rod pins.
1
M146-07-021
3. Boom Cylinder Rod Pin (2)
2 M146-07-018
7-25
MAINTENANCE
Swing Bearing --- every 250 hours

(Grouped Grease Fittings --- Main Frame)
NOTE: Auto-lubrication can be used for the fittings on

the swing bearing.
CAUTION: Lubricating both the swing bearing
and gear and rotating the upperstructure must
be done by one person. Before you lubricate the
swing bearing, clear the area of all persons.
Each time you leave the cab

x Lower the bucket to the ground.
x Stop the engine.
x Pull the pilot control shut-off lever to the
LOCK position. M146-07-018
x Use handrails.


five minutes.
5. Turn the key switch OFF. Remove the key from the
key switch.
tion.
7. With the upperstructure stationary, apply grease to
the twenty-one grease fittings.
8. Start the engine. Raise the bucket several inches off
the ground and rotate the upperstructure 45q (1/8
turn).
10. Repeat the procedure three times, beginning with
step 3.
11. Apply grease to the swing bearing until grease can
be seen escaping from the swing bearing seals.
12. Total amount of grease to be applied is approxi-
mately 10 to 12 strokes by grease lubricator.
13. Take care not to supply excessive grease.
7-26
MAINTENANCE
Swing Internal Gear --- every 2000 hours
CAUTION: Adding or changing swing internal

gear grease and rotating the upperstructure
must be done by one person. Before you start,
clear the area of all persons.

x Stop the engine.
x Pull the pilot control shut-off lever to the
LOCK position.
x Use handrails. 1
1. Park the machine on a level surface. M146-07-022

2


five minutes.
key switch.
tion. M146-07-023
7. Open cover (1) on the right side of the

upper-structure.
8. Remove cover (1) on the underside of the swing

gear housing and thoroughly remove old grease from
the swing gear.
9. Remove cover (2) on the left side of the upperstruc-

ture. In order to add new grease evenly to the swing
gear, swing the upperstructure twelve 30q intervals
(one full turn) and add grease at each interval using
a putty knife.
Total amount of grease applied should be approxi-
mately 350 liter (92.5 US gal).
7-27
MAINTENANCE
Center Joint --- every 500 hours

(Grouped Grease Fittings --- Main Frame)
NOTE: Auto-lubrication can be used for the fittings on

the center joint.

x Stop the engine.
x Pull the pilot control shut-off lever to the LOCK
position.
x Use handrails.

2. Lower the bucket to the ground. M146-07-018


five minutes.
key switch.
tion.
7. With the upperstructure stationary, apply grease to
the one grease fitting.
8. Total amount of grease to be applied is approxi-
mately 5 to 6 strokes by grease lubricator.
7-28
MAINTENANCE
OPERATING THE LUBRICATOR
The machine is equipped with hose reel (4) and the

lubricator, including the grease pump. This device is
used for adding grease to the grouped fittings on the
main frame and front attachment.
Greasing 3
IMPORTANT: Run the engine at medium or higher
speed whenever the lubricator is used.
2
1. Connect hose (1) to coupler (2).
2. Move auto-lubrication toggle switch (3) located inside
battery compartment to the MANUAL position.
1
3. Hold the high-pressure grease gun attached to the
hose end and pull out the hose from reel (4).
4. Stop pulling hose at any desired position; reel (4)
clicks and automatically locks the hose. M146-07-104
5. Insert the end of the grease gun in the desired fitting

and pull gun lever; automatically adds grease to the
fitting.
Storing Grease Hose After Finishing Greasing

5
1. Slightly pull out the hose; reel (4) unlocks, automati-
cally winds, and stores the hose.
2. Move auto-lubrication toggle switch (3) located inside

battery compartment to the AUTO LUB position.
4
3. Disconnect hose (1) at coupler (2).
4. Pull gun lever to release residual pressure; a small

amount of residual grease will escape from grease M146-07-105
gun.
7-29
MAINTENANCE
Replacing Grease
When the grease can is empty, replace it following the
procedure shown below. 6
1. Remove wing nuts (6) to remove cover assembly (5)

from the grease can. Remove cover assembly (5). 7
2. Remove follower plate (7) from the grease can.

Replace the grease can with a new one.
3. Install follower plate (7) into the grease can. 8
4. Install cover assembly (5) on the lubricator housing

while aligning grease tube with the hole on the fol-
lower plate, in order not to push down the plate into
grease when installing the cover. Tighten wing nuts
(6).
NOTE: Greasing can be made from the ground M146-07-107
through the fast-filling panel installed at the rear

section of the machine. Refer to page 1-36 for
fast-filling panel operation.
M113-07-025
Grease M113-07-026
7-30
MAINTENANCE
B. ENGINE
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 400 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Engine Oil Check Oil Level 1
260 L
2. Engine Oil Change ✳ ★ ★
(68.7 US gal)
3. Replace Engine Oil Filter 4 ✳ ★ ★
4. Clean Engine Lube Oil Filter (Option) 1
NOTE: ✳ First time only.
★ Engine oil changing interval differs according to the kind of engine oil used. For further details.
Refer to Cummins Engine Operation and Maintenance Manual.
Engine Oil Viscosity Requirements
API Service Class Type Viscosity Grade (SAE) Temperature Ranges

CH-4 All Season Multigrade 15W-40 !18" to 50"C (0" to 122"F)
CI-4 All Season Multigrade 15W-40 !18" to 50"C (0" to 122"F)
NOTE: (1) Oils with nominal ash content must be 1.0 to 1.5 percent mass. Oils with higher ash content, up to
1.85 percent ash, can be used in areas where the sulfur content of the fuel is normally 1 to 1.5
percent mass. Limiting ash content is critical to the prevention of valve and piston deposit forma-
tion.
(2) Refer to the Cummins engine manual when you use oil other than CH-4 and CI-4 oils.
(3) For further details, refer to Cummins B/No. 3810470-01 “Maintenance and Operation Practices for
Maximum Engine Life”.
(4) The machine is shipped from the factory is filled with lubricants, Nippon Mitsubishi Oil HIDIESEL
S-3 SAVE 15W-40 (Class CD (API Service Classification)).
7-31
MAINTENANCE
1
Engine Oil Level --- check daily
IMPORTANT: For most accurate readings, check the

oil level every day before starting the
machine. Be sure the machine is on a
level surface.
1. Remove dipstick (2). Wipe oil off with a clean cloth.

Reinsert dipstick (2).
2. Remove dipstick (2) again. Read level. Oil level
must be between the circle marks. 2
M141-07-009
3. If necessary, add oil via oil filler cap (1).

Be sure to use only recommended oil (see Recom-
mended Engine Oil Chart).
NOTE: Checking the oil level immediately after shut

down will result in inaccurate readings.
Be sure to allow the oil to settle for at least 10
minutes before checking.
7-32
MAINTENANCE
Change Engine Oil

--- every 400 hours or 250 hours
(first time after 50 hours)
Oil Pan
Replace Engine Oil Filters
--- every 400 hours or 250 hours
(first time after 50 hours) Clean Cloth
Container
IMPORTANT: Engine oil and filters changing intervals
differ according to kind of engine oil
used.
For futher details, refer to Cummins En-
gine Operation and Maintenance Man- M104-07-010
ual.
1. Run the engine to warm oil.

DO NOT run the engine until oil is hot.
4 3
M141-07-018

five minutes.
key switch.
tion.
CAUTION: Engine oil may be hot. Use care to

be sure you are not burned from hot oil. M141-07-038
5
8. Prepare a container of 260 liter (68.7 US gal) or
more capacity for the drain oil.
9. Remove drain plug (3) from the tee, located near the
oil pan.
10. Loosen drain cock (4) to drain the engine oil.
11. Check if foreign material like metal particles are in-
cluded in the drain oil by filtering it with a clean cloth.
IMPORTANT: Be sure to wipe off spilt oil on the fan

belt when adding oil to prevent the fan
belt from slipping and overheating.
12. Tighten drain plug (3) and drain cock (4) securely.
13. Unscrew main filter cartridges (5); discard them.
7-33
MAINTENANCE
14. Fill the filters with lubricating oil to prevent crank- 2 1
shaft or bearing damage. Apply a light even coat of
lubricating oil to the gasket sealing surface prior to
installing the filters.
15. Position element to the filter head. Tighten by hand

until the seal touches the filter head.
16. Tighten cartridges (5) one-half to three-fourths turn

more using filter wrench.
M141-07-009
17. Remove oil filler cap (1) and fill with 260 liter (68.7
US gal) oil.
18. Confirm that the oil level is between the low and high
levels on dipstick (2). Start the engine and run at
slow idle speed for about 5 minutes. Stop the engine
after confirming that engine oil pressure is rising.
Ten to twenty minutes later, check oil level again and
add oil if necessary.
NOTE: Always allow oil to drain back to the oil pan

before checking the level. This may require 15
minutes.
Refer to the Operation and Maintenance Manual for

Cummins Engine for further details except the filter
replacement intervals, for which this manual has pri-
ority.
NOTE: Engine oil draining can be made from the

ground through the fast-filling panel installed at
the rear section of the machine. Refer to page
1-36 for fast-filling panel operation.
Clean Engine Lube Oil Filter (Option)

--- (Eliminator Filter) every 1 000 hours
Refer to Cummins Engine Operation and Maintenance
Manual.
7-34
MAINTENANCE
C. TRANSMISSION
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Pump Check Oil Level 1 *
Trans- Engine Change Oil 52 L (13.7 US gal) *
mission Oil Replace Filter 2
2. Swing Check Oil Level 4 *
Gear
Reduction Change Oil 75 L (19.8 US gal)u4 *
Oil
3. Travel Check Oil Level 2
Gear
Reduction
Oil Change Oil 220 L (58.1 US gal)u2 *
Gear
NOTE: * First time only.
3
T146-01-03-001
Brand Names of Recommended Gear Oil

Kinds of Lubricants Gear oil
Where to be Swing and Travel Reduction Gear
applied
–20 to 50°C (–4 to 122°F)
Manufacturer
British Petroleum BP Gear oil SAE90EP
Caltex Oil Universal Thuban SAE90
Esso Gear Oil GP80W-90 or

Esso
GP85W-90
Idemitsu Kosan Apolloil Gear HE90
Mobil Oil Mobilube GX90
Nippon Oil Gear Lube SP90
Shell Oil Shell Spirax EP90
Remarks API GL 4 Class
NOTE: The machine is filled with oil marked

by
when shipped from the factory.
7-35
MAINTENANCE
C. TRANSMISSION
PUMP TRANSMISSION
Recommended Brands of Engine Oil
CAUTION: Avoid mixing oils of different brands.

In most cases, different brands are not compati-
ble with each other and, when mixed, can seize
parts, or abnormally wear moving parts. It is best
to stick with one and the same brand of oil at
successive service intervals.
Recommended brands of Class CD oils (API Service

Classification) are shown in the chart below.
If any oil other than these recommended oils is used, the
oil must be Class CD or CF (API Service Classification)
and meet the MILL2104C specifications (US military
specifications).
Recommended Brands of Engine Oil (Reference)

Manufacturer Brands
Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Diamond HDS-3 Engine Oil
Hi-Diesel S-3
Idemitsu Kosan Apolloil Diesel Motive Custom
Japan Energy JOMO Delstar DX
Cosmo Oil Cosmo Diesel CD
Showa Shell Sekiyu White Pallot Super S-3 Oil
Mobil Sekiyu Mobil Delvac 1300
Esso Sekiyu Exxon D-3
General Sekiyu General Gemico Super S-3
NOTE: The machine shipped from the factory is filled with Hi-Diesel S-330.
7-36
MAINTENANCE
Recommended Oil Viscosities
Recommended Oil Viscosities
Air temperature °C [-22] [-13] [-4] [5] [14] [23] [32] [41] [50] [59] [68] [77] [86] [95] [104] [113] [122]
[°F] -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
Oil viscosities (※) SAE15W-40 SAE15W-40
SAE30
SAE40
NOTE: At air temperature of –10℃ or less (※), SAE15W-40 with heating device is available. Contact your
authorized dealer about heating device.
Pump Transmission Oil Level

--- Check every 50 hours
IMPORTANT: For most accurate readings, be sure the

machine is on a level surface.
1
1. Stop the engines.
NOTE: Refer to page 7-3 for stopping the engines

properly.
2. Remove dipstick (1). Wipe oil off with a clean cloth.

Reinsert dipstick (1).
3. Remove dipstick (1) again. Read level. Oil level
must be between the top and notch on dipstick (1). M146-07-025
4. If necessary, remove dipstick (1) and add oil. 1

Be sure to use only recommended oil (see Recom-
mended Engine Oil Chart).
5. Recheck oil level.
NOTE: Always allow oil to settle before checking the

level. This may require 15 minutes.
NOTE: Oil can be refilled from the ground using the
Fast-Filling panel located in the rear of the
M114-07-181
base machine. Refer to page 1-36 for the
Fast-Filling panel operation.
7-37
MAINTENANCE
Change Oil --- every 500 hours 3


five minutes.
2
M146-07-099
5. Stop the engine. Remove the key from the key
switch.
6. Pull the pilot control shut-off lever to the LOCK

position.
CAUTION: Oil may be hot. Wait for oil to cool

before starting work.
Clean Cloth
7. Prepare a container of 55 liter (14.5 US gal) or more Container
capacity for the drain oil.
8. Remove drain plug (2) on the pump transmission

housing, and loosen cock (3) to drain the oil. M107-07-095
9. Check if foreign material like metal particles are

included in the drain oil by filtering it with a clean 1
cloth.
10. Tighten drain plug (2) and cock (3) securely. Fill the
pump transmission housing with 52 liter (13.7 US
gal) oil.
11. Confirm that the oil level is between the top and
notch on dipstick (1).
M146-07-025
7-38
MAINTENANCE
Replace Filter --- every 500 hours
4
1. Unscrew cartridge filter (4) from the filter head, dis-
card the cartridge filter.
2. Fill the filter with oil. Apply a light even coat of lubri-
cating oil to the gasket sealing surface prior to in-
stalling the cartridge filter.
3. Position cartridge filter (4) to the filter head. Tighten

by hand until the seal touches the filter head, tighten
an additional three-fourths turn.
M146-07-068
Clean Breather --- every 500 hours 5

Remove breather cap (5) and clean the element.
M146-07-100
7-39
MAINTENANCE
1
Swing Reduction Gear
Check Oil Level --- every 50 hours


five minutes. 5
M146-07-027
5. Stop the engine. Remove the key from the key 1

switch.
position.
CAUTION: Gear oil may be hot. Wait for gear oil

to cool before starting work.
7. Open cocks (5). M114-07-181
8. Remove dipsticks (1). Oil must be between marks.

9. If necessary, add oil. (See oil chart)
10. Recheck oil level.
11. Install dipsticks (1).
12. Close cocks (5) after checking.
7-40
MAINTENANCE
Change Gear Oil --- every 1000 hours 2
IMPORTANT: The turbocharger may be damaged if 3


five minutes.
5. Stop the engine. Remove the key from the key 3
switch. M146-07-029

position.
CAUTION: Gear oil may be hot. Wait for gear oil

7. Remove drain plug (3) and loosen drain cock (2) to

drain oil.
8. Tighten drain cock (2) and drain plug (3).
9. Remove plug (4) and add oil until it is between
marks on dipstick (1).
M146-07-030
4
Clean Breather --- every 1000 hours
1. Remove plug (4) cap and clean the element.
4
NOTE: Greasing can be made from the ground

through the fast-filling panel installed at the rear
section of the machine. Refer to page 1-36 for
fast-filling panel operation.
M146-07-028
7-41
MAINTENANCE
Travel Reduction Gear

Check Oil Level --- every 250 hours
1. Park the machine on a level surface. 1


M145-07-048
five minutes.
switch.
position. 3
3
CAUTION: Keep body and face away from oil
level check plug (air release plug) (1). Gear oil is
hot. Wait for gear oil to cool and then gradually
loosen oil level check plug (air release plug) (1)
to release pressure.
M145-07-079
2
7. After gear oil has cooled, slowly loosen oil level
check plug (air release plug) (1) to release pressure.
8. Remove oil level check plug (1). Oil must be up to
the bottom of hole.
9. If necessary, after oil supply plugs (3) have been
removed, add oil until oil flows out of the oil level
check plug hole. (See gear oil chart).
10. Wrap oil level check plug (1) threads with
sealing-type tape. Install oil level check plug (1).
Tighten the plug to 69 Nxm (7 kgfxm, 51 lbfxft).
11. Wrap oil supply plug (3) threads with sealing-type
tape. Install oil supply plug (3). Tighten oil supply
plug (3) to 196 Nxm (20 kgfxm, 145 lbfxft).
12. Check the gear oil level in the other travel reduction
gear.
7-42
MAINTENANCE
Change Gear Oil --- every 2000 hours
1. Park the machine on a level surface. 1



five minutes. M145-07-048

switch.
position. 3
3
CAUTION: Keep body and face away from oil
level check plug (air release plug) (1). Gear oil is
hot. Wait for gear oil to cool and then gradually
loosen oil level check plug (air release plug) (1)
to release pressure.
M145-07-079
7. After gear oil has cooled, slowly loosen oil level 2
check plug (air release plug) (1) to release pressure.
8. Remove drain plugs (2) to drain oil.
9. Wrap the threads of drain plug (2) with sealing- type
tape. Install drain plug (2).
Tighten the plug to 69 N!m (7 kgf!m, 51 lbf!ft).
10. Remove oil level check plug (1).
11. After oil supply plug (3) has removed, add oil until oil
flows out of the oil level check plug hole. (See gear
oil chart)
12. Wrap the threads of oil level check plug (1) with
sealing-type tape. Reinstall oil level check plug (1)
and tighten it to 69 N!m (7 kgf!m, 51 lbf!ft).
13. Wrap the threads of oil supply plug (3) with
sealing-type tape. Reinstall oil supply plug (3) and
tighten it to 196 N!m (20 kgf!m, 145 lbf!ft).
14. Repeat steps 7 to 13 for the other travel reduction
gear.
7-43
MAINTENANCE
D. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 2000 2500 4000 12000
1. Check Hydraulic Oil Level 1 *
2. Drain Hydraulic Oil Tank Sump 1
4000 L
3. Change Hydraulic Oil ★ ★ ★
(1060 US gal)
4. Replace Full-Flow Filter and Drain Filter 6 *
5. Replace Bypass Filter 1 *
6. Replace Pilot Oil Filter 1 *
Clean Filter 6 When changing hydraulic oil
7. Suction Filter
Replace Filter 6
8. Replace High-Pressure Strainer 8
9. Clean Oil Cooler Core 4
10. Check Hoses and Lines (for leak, loose) !
Check Hoses and Lines (for crack, bend, etc.) !
NOTE: ★ Hydraulic oil changing interval differs according to the kind of hydraulic oil used. See recommended
oil chart.
9 1 2 3 4
* First time only.
6 7 10
5 8
T146-01-03-001
Brand Names of Recommended Hydraulic Oil

Kind of Lubricant Hydraulic Oil
Where to be applied Hydraulic System
Change Interval 4000 hours 2500 hours 2000 hours
Environmental
–20 to 50°C –10 to 50°C –20 to 50°C –10 to 50°C –20 to 50°C –10 to 50°C
Temp.
(–4 to 122°F) (14 to 122°F) (–4 to 122°F) (14 to 122°F) (–4 to 122°F) (14 to 122°F)
Manufacturer
Hitachi Super EX 46HN
Idemitsu Kosan Super Hydro 46 WRHU
British Petroleum Bartran HV46
Rando Oil
Caltex Oil
HD46
Rando Oil
Texaco INC.
HD46
Chevron U.S.A INC. Chevron AW46
Esso NUTO H46
Mobil Oil DTE 25
Shell Oil Tellus Oil R46 Tellus Oil 46
Remarks Anti-wear type hydraulic oil
NOTE: Use proper hydraulic oil in accordance with the atmospheric temperature.
The machine shipped from the factory is filled with oil marked .
7-44
MAINTENANCE
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF
HYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT
CAUTION: During operation the parts of the

hydraulic system become very hot.
Allow the machine to cool down before
be-ginning inspection or maintenance.
1. Be sure that the machine is parked on a level, firm

surface before servicing hydraulic equipment.
2. Lower the bucket to the ground and stop the engine.
3. Begin servicing hydraulic equipment only after com-
ponents, hydraulic oil and lubricant are completely
cooled, as they will remain hot and pressurized soon
after operation. While servicing heated and pressur-
ized hydraulic equipment, hot parts or oil may fly off
or escape suddenly with a potential of serious injury.
Keep body parts and face away from plugs or screws
when removing them as they may be pressurized
even when cooled.
4. Before servicing hydraulic equipment, bleed air from
the hydraulic oil tank to release internal pressure.
5. Even after bleeding the air from the hydraulic oil tank,
pressure remains in the various circuits of the hy-
draulic system. Be sure to operate each control lever
a few times to release residual pressure from the
system.
6. Avoid inspecting and servicing the travel and swing
motor circuits on slopes, as they are pressurized by
gravity even after bleeding the hydraulic oil tank.
7-45
MAINTENANCE
7. When connecting hydraulic hoses and pipes, take
special care to keep seal surfaces free from dirt and A couple of threads left unwrapped
to avoid damaging them. Keep these precautions in
mind:
a. Wash hoses, pipes, and the tank interior with a
washing liquid and thoroughly wipe it out before
reconnecting them.
b. Only use O-rings that are free of damage or
defects. Be careful not to damage them during Direction of
reassembly. Tape Winding
c. Do not allow high pressure hoses to twist when
connecting them. The life of twisted hoses will M114-07-041
be shortened considerably.
d. When connecting screw type joints, apply seal
tape to the threads of male screw. Be sure to
leave a couple of threads at the male screw top
unwrapped, as shown. Do not overwrap. Apply
seal tape around threads as shown, so that the
tape does not loosen when the female screw is
tightened.
e. Carefully tighten low pressure hose clamps to
following torque specifications. Do not
overtighten.
T Bolt Clamp: T Bolt Clamp Jubilee Clamp M114-07-042
4.4 N!m (0.45 kgf!m, 3.3 lbf!ft)
M114-07-043
Jubilee Clamp:
5.9 to 6.9 N!m
Pipe Dia. (A) "8 "10
(0.6 to 0.7 kgf!m, 4.3 to 5.1 lbf!ft)
f. Carefully tighten nut for bandy pipe to following Width across flat (B) (mm) 17 19
torque specifications on the right side. Do not N!m 34 40
overtighten. Fastening Torque kgf!m 3.5 5
lbf!ft 25.5 36
8. When adding hydraulic oil, always use the same
brand of oil; do not mix brands of oil. As the machine
is filled with Super EX 46HN when it is shipped from
the factory, use it as a general rule. When selecting
to use another brand of oil listed in the table “Brand
Names of Recommended Hydraulic Oil”, be sure to
completely replace the oil in the system.
9. Do not use hydraulic oils other than those listed in
the table “Brand Names of Recommended Hydraulic
Oil”.
M117-07-149
10. Only 50 to 60% of the total hydraulic circuit oil on a
large size excavator can be replaced at a time.
Accordingly, conduct minimum flushing twice.
11. If any other hydraulic oil (having a different
replacement interval) is unavoidably used, replace
the oil in accordance with the individual replacement
interval standard.
12. In case the machine is used for dredging operations,
replace the hydraulic oil at a 2000 hour interval
regardless of the oil brand used.
13. Never run the engine without oil in the hy-draulic oil
tank.
7-46
MAINTENANCE
Check Hydraulic Oil Level --- daily
IMPORTANT: Never run the engine without oil in hy-

draulic oil tank.
M142-07-093
2. Position the machine with the front attachment posi-
tioned as illustrated on the right.
3. Lower the bucket to the ground. M117-07-127

5. Run the engine at slow idle speed without load for 1

five minutes.
key switch.
tion.
8. Check oil level gauge (1) on hydraulic oil tank. Oil
must be between marks on the gauge. If necessary,
add oil.
CAUTION: Keep body and face away from cap

(3). Turn cap (3) slowly and remove the cap only
after releasing the internal pressure completely.
M146-07-034
To add oil:
2
9. Insert the wrench as shown and turn the wrench
clockwise and hold the wrench.
10. Turn cap (2) counterclockwise about 30#, at which
point stop cap (2) to release the air. Arrow
Projection
11. Turn cap (2) further and remove cap (2).
Case Assembly
12. Align the projected part of cap (2) with the projected
part of the case and install cap (2).
Projection
13. Add oil. Recheck oil level gauge (1).
14. Install cap (2).
Side Hole
Wrench 4 mm
M110-07-022
7-47
MAINTENANCE
1
Drain Hydraulic Oil Tank Sump
--- every 250 hours
IMPORTANT: Never run the engine without oil in hy-

draulic oil tank.
1. Park the machine on a level surface with the upper-

structure rotated 90# for easier access.
M146-07-031
4. Run the engine at slow idle speed without load for Cap (1)
five minutes.
key switch.
Arrow
Projection
tion.
Case Assembly
Projection
7. Insert the wrench as shown and turn the wrench Side Hole
clockwise and hold the wrench. Wrench 4 mm
M110-07-022
point stop cap (1) to release the air. 2
CAUTION: Do not loosen the drain cock until oil

is cool. Hydraulic oil may be hot, potentially
causing serious injury.
11. After oil is cool, remove drain plug (3) and open
drain cock (2) to drain water and sediment.
12. After draining water and sediment, tighten drain cock
3 M146-07-032
(2) securely and install drain plug (3).
7-48
MAINTENANCE
Change Hydraulic Oil

--- every 4000 hours, 2500 hours
or 2000 hours
IMPORTANT: Hydraulic oil changing intervals differ

according to kind of hydraulic oils used.
(See Recommended Oil Chart in this
group)
CAUTION: Hydraulic oil may be hot. Wait for oil M142-07-092

structure rotated 90# for easier access.
2. Position the machine with the arm cylinder fully re-
tracted and the bucket cylinder fully extended.
3. Lower the bucket to the ground as illustrated.
M117-07-126


five minutes.
switch.
tion.
8. Clean the top of the hydraulic oil tank to keep dirt out
of the hydraulic system.

4 1
M146-07-031
1
point stop cap (1) to release the air.
Arrow
Projection
13. Remove cover (4).
Case Assembly
14. Drain oil using a suction pump.
The hydraulic oil tank capacity, up to specified oil
Projection
level, is approximately 2950 liter (780 US gal).
Side Hole
Wrench 4 mm
M110-07-022
7-49
MAINTENANCE
15. Remove drain plug (2) and loosen drain valve (3). 3
Allow oil to drain.
16. Remove drain plug (9) and loosen drain cock (8) to
drain water and sediment completely.
17. Install drain cock (8).
18. Tighten drain valve (3).
19. Clean, install and tighten drain plug (2).
20. Add oil via cover (4) hole until it is between the
marks on sight gauge (5) of hydraulic oil tank.
2
M146-03-033
9
M146-03-034
M146-07-034
7-50
MAINTENANCE
Air Bleeding Procedures
Bleeding Air from Pump
IMPORTANT: If the hydraulic pump is not filled with

oil, it will be damaged when the engine
is started. 6
1. Loosen plug (6) on the top of pump drain pipe to re-

lease trapped air. Retighten plug (6) after oil flows
from the plug (6).
Bleeding Air from Hydraulic Circuit
2. Refill hydraulic oil.

3. Start the engine and run at slow idle.
4. Purge air from the hydraulic circuit while operating
each cylinder and swing motor slowly for approx. 15
minutes.
5. Position the front attachment as illustrated in the oil M146-07-092
level checking posture.

6. Check the hydraulic oil tank gauge. Add oil if neces-
sary.
M142-07-092
M117-07-126
7-51
MAINTENANCE
Replace Full-Flow Filter and Drain Filter

--- every 500 hours

M142-07-093


five minutes.
switch.
M117-07-127
tion. 1


Full-Flow Filter
Drain Filter M146-07-031
Arrow
Projection
Case Assembly
Projection
Side Hole
Wrench 4 mm
M110-07-022
7-52
MAINTENANCE
NOTE: There is spring tension under the cover. Hold

down the cover when removing last two bolts.
2
3
11. Hold down filter cover (2) against light spring load
when removing the last two bolts. Remove filter
cover (2). 4
12. Remove spring (5), valve (6), and element (7). 5
13. Discard element (7) and O-ring (4).

6
14. Install a new element (7), valve (6) and spring (5).
15. Install filter cover (2) with a new O-ring (4). 7
16. Install and tighten bolts (3) to 49 Nm (5 kgfm, 36
lbfft).
17. Repeat steps 11 to 16 for the other filter.
M111-07-040
7-53
MAINTENANCE
Replace Bypass Filter

--- every 500 hours
M142-07-093


five minutes.
switch. M117-07-127

position.


8. Turn cap (1) counterclockwise about 30q, at which 3
1
M146-07-031
Arrow
Projection
Case Assembly
Projection
Side Hole
Wrench 4 mm
M110-07-022
7-54
MAINTENANCE
11. Loosen bolts (2) and remove cover (3).
2 3
12. Remove filter element (5) and O-ring (4) from the fil-
ter housing.
NOTE: Remove element and inspect for metal parti-

cles and debris on element and in bottom of
filter housing. Excessive amounts of brass and 4
steel particles can indicate a failed hydraulic
pump, motor valve or failure in process.
13. Inspect filter element (5) and the filter housing for
metal particles and debris.
5
14. Discard O-ring (4) and element (5).
15. Install new element (5) into the filter housing.
16. Install filter cover (3) with new O-ring (4).
17. Install and tighten bolts (2) to 88 Nm (9 kgfm, 65 M114-07-051
lbfft).
7-55
MAINTENANCE
Replace Pilot Oil Filter

--- every 500 hours
M142-07-093


five minutes.
switch. M117-07-127
6. Operate the right and left control levers to release

pressure from the pilot accumulator.
tion.


9. Turn cap (1) counterclockwise about 30q, at which
10. Turn cap (1) further and remove cap (1). 1
M146-07-031
1
Arrow
Projection
Case Assembly
Projection
Side Hole
Wrench 4 mm
M110-07-022
7-56
MAINTENANCE
12. Remove bolts (2). Hold down filter cover (4) when
removing last two bolts.
NOTE: There is spring tension under filter cover (4).

Hold down filter cover (4) when removing last
two bolts (2).
13. Remove spring (5), valve (6), O-ring (7) and filter
element (8) from filter housing (9).
NOTE: Remove element and inspect for materials on

element and in bottom of filter housing. Exces-
sive amounts of foreign materials can indicate
abnormalities in the system.
14. Inspect filter element (8) and filter housing (9) for M146-07-035
foreign materials.
15. Install new filter element (8), valve (6), and spring
(5) into filter housing (9). 2
16. Install washer (3), cover (4) and new O-ring (7). 3
17. Tghten bolts (2) to 88 Nm (9 kgfm, 65 lbfft). 4
5
6
M114-07-053
7-57
MAINTENANCE
Suction Filter 1
Cleaning Suction Filter

--- when replacing hydraulic oil
Six unit suction filters are provided in the hydraulic oil tank.
Clean them when replacing hydraulic oil.
CAUTION: Sufficiently ventilate before entering

the hydraulic oil tank after draining hydraulic oil.
1. After draining oil, remove cover (1) to remove rod

assembly (2).
2. Clean the inside of the hydraulic oil tank and the suc- M146-07-070
tion filters.
3. Before installing, check dimensions of rod assembly
(2) by referring the figure below. Securely re-install
the rod assembly into pipe (3).
4. Replace the O-ring with new one and check that it is 2
correctly installed before re-installing cover (1). Se-
cure cover (1) with bolts.
5. Bleed any air remaining in the hydraulic system (re-
fer to [Air Bleeding Procedures] on page 7-49). 3
M146-07-012
340 mm (13.4 in)
25 mm
Rod Assembly M146-07-013
7-58
MAINTENANCE
Replace Suction Filter 1

--- every 12000 hours
Six unit suction filters are provided in the hydraulic oil tank.
Clean them when replacing hydraulic oil. Replace all suc-
tion filters.
CAUTION: Sufficiently ventilate before entering

the hydraulic oil tank after draining hydraulic oil.
1. After draining oil, remove cover (1) to remove rod

assembly (2).
2. Clean the inside of the hydraulic oil tank.
M146-07-070
3. Replace the element of rod assembly (2).
4. Before installing, check dimensions of rod assembly
(2) by referring the figure below. Securely re-install
the rod assembly into pipe (3).
5. Replace the O-ring with new one and check that it is 2
correctly installed before re-installing cover (1). Se-
cure cover (1) with bolts.
6. Bleed any air remaining in the hydraulic system (re-
fer to [Air Bleeding Procedures] on page 7-49).
3
M146-07-012
340 mm (13.4 in)
25 mm
Rod Assembly M146-07-013
7-59
MAINTENANCE
Replace High-Pressure Strainer

--- every 12000 hours


five minutes. 1
M146-07-031
switch.
1
tion.
Arrow (b)
Projection
(1). Turn cap (1) slowly and remove the cap (1) Case Assembly
only after releasing the internal pressure com-
pletely. Projection
Side Hole
7. Insert the wrench as shown and turn the wrench Wrench 4 mm
clockwise and hold the wrench. M110-07-022
8. Turn cap (1) counter-clockwise about 30q, at which

point stop cap to release the air.
10. Align the projected part of cap with the projected
11. Remove bolts (2), cover (3) and strainer assembly
(6) from housing (7).
12. Discard O-rings ((4) and (5)) and strainer assembly
(6).
13. Install new strainer assembly (6) into housing (7)
with the rubber seal down and the welding bead line M146-07-036
on strainer assembly (6) away from the housing 2
inlet.
3
14. Install cover (3) with new O-rings ((4) and (5)).
4
15. Install and tighten bolts (2) to 265 Nxm (27 kgfxm,
5
195 lbfxft).
Welding Bead
16. Repeat steps 11 to 15 for the other strainer. 6 Line Side
Rubber Seal
Inlet
M114-07-062
7-60
MAINTENANCE
Clean Oil Cooler Core

--- every 500 hours
CAUTION: Wear safety glasses or goggles when

using compressed air.
IMPORTANT: High pressure air or water can damage

the cooler core fins. Use air pressure
2
>0.2 MPa (2 kgf/cm ) or less@@ and keep
the nozzle more than 500 mm away from
the core surface.
Clean the oil cooler core using compressed air >0.2 MPa
2
(2 kgf/cm ) or less@ or tap water. Upper and lower covers
(2 and 3) can be removed from oil cooler frame (1). Re-
move the covers to clean the cooler core thoroughly. Four
oil coolers (4) units are arranged in both series and paral-
lel. Clean all the cooler units.
M146-07-037
IMPORTANT: If upper cover (2) and lower cover (3) 4
are incorrectly installed, the cooler per-
formance will be deteriorated. Be sure
to reinstall them in their original posi-
tions.
M146-07-089
7-61
MAINTENANCE
Check Hoses and Lines

--- daily
--- every 250 hours
CAUTION: Escaping fluid under pressure can
penetrate the skin causing serious injury.
To avoid this hazard, search for leaks with a
piece of cardboard.
Take care to protect hands and body from
high-pressure fluids.
If an accident occurs, see a doctor familiar with
this type of injury immediately.
Any fluid injected into the skin must be surgi- SA-031
cally removed within a few hours or gangrene

may result.
CAUTION: Hydraulic oil and lubricant leaks can

lead to fire that may result in serious injury.
To avoid this hazard :
• Park the machine on a firm, level surface.
Lower the bucket to the ground.
Stop the engine. Remove key from the key
switch. Pull the pilot control shut-off lever to
the LOCK position.
• Check for missing or loose clamps, kinked
hoses, lines or hoses that rub against each SA-292
other, damaged oil cooler, and loose oil cooler

flange bolts, for leaks.
Check hoses, lines and oil cooler at the check
points indicated below for leaks and other
damage that may result in future leaks.
If any abnormalities are found, replace or re-
tighten them, as shown in Tables 1-3.
• Tighten, repair or replace any missing, loose
or damaged clamps, hoses, lines, oil cooler, SA-044
and loose oil cooler flange bolts.

Do not bend or strike high-pressure lines.
Never install bent or damaged hoses or lines.
7-62
MAINTENANCE
Table 1. Hoses
Interval(hours) Check Points Abnormalities Remedies 3 2
1
Daily Hose covers Leak (1) Replace
Hose ends Leak (2) Replace 2
Fittings Leak (3) Retighten or replace 3
Every 250 Hose covers Crack (4) Replace
hours Hose ends Crack (5) Replace
M115-07-145
4
Hose covers Exposed reinforcement (6) Replace
Hose covers Blister (7) Replace 5
M115-07-146
7
Hose Bend (8) Replace
6
M115-07-147
Hose Collapse (9) Replace 8

(Use proper bend
radius)
Hose ends and Deformation or Replace

M115-07-148
fittings Corrosion (10)
9
NOTE: Refer to the illustrations in Fig.1 for each check point location or for a descrip-
tion of the abnormality. Use genuine Hitachi parts.
10
M115-07-149
Fig.1
7-63
MAINTENANCE
Table 2. Lines
Interval(hours) Check Points Abnormalities Remedies
Daily Contact surfaces of Leak (11) Replace 11
flange joints O-ring 13 12
and/or
retighten bolts
Welded surfaces on Leak (12) Replace
joints
Clamps Loose Retighten M115-07-150
Fig. 2
Every 250 hours Welded surfaces Crack (13) Replace
on joints
Clamps Missing Replace
Deformation Replace
NOTE: Refer to the illustrations in Fig.2 for each check point location or for a descrip-
tion of the abnormality. Use genuine Hitachi parts.
Table 3. Oil cooler

Interval(hours) Check Points Abnormalities Remedies 14 15
Every 250 hours Contact surfaces of Leak (14) Replace
flange joints O-ring
and/or
retighten bolts
Oil cooler Leak (15) Replace

NOTE: Refer to the illustrations in Fig.3 for each check point location .
14
M115-07-151
Fig. 3
7-64
MAINTENANCE
SERVICE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR HY-
DRAULIC FITTINGS
2 6 1 4 5
Two hydraulic fitting designs are used on this machine.
Flat Face O-ring Seal Fitting (ORS Fitting)

An O-ring is used on the sealing surfaces to prevent oil
6
leakage.
3
M104-07-033
1. Inspect fitting sealing surfaces (6). They must be
free of dirt or defects.
2. Replace O-ring (1) with a new one when assembling
fittings.
3. Lubricate O-ring (1) and install it into groove (3) us-
ing petroleum jelly to hold it in place.
4. Tighten fitting (2) by hand, pressing the fitting joint
together to ensure O-ring (1) remains in place and is
not damaged.
5. Tighten fitting (2) or nut (4) to the torque values
shown. Do not allow hose (5) to twist when tightening
fittings.
6. Check for leaks. If oil leaks from a loose connection,
do not tighten fitting (2). Open the connection, re-
place O-ring (1) and check for correct O-ring position
before tightening the connection.
Torque specifications ±10%
Width across flats (mm) 27 32 36 41,46
Nxm 93 137 175 205
Fastening
(kgfxm) (9.5) (14) (18) (21)
torque
(lbfxft) (69) (101) (130) (152)
7-65
MAINTENANCE
Metal Face Seal Fittings
7 9 8 1 5
Fittings are used on smaller hoses and consist of a
metal flare and a metal flare seat.
1. Inspect flare (10) and flare seat (9). They must be

free of dirt or obvious defects.
IMPORTANT: Defects in the tube flare cannot be re-

paired. Overtightening a defective flare M202-07-051
fitting will not stop a leak.
2. Tighten fitting (7) by hand.

3. Tighten fitting (7) or nut (8) to the torque values
shown. Do not allow hose (5) to twist when tightening
fittings.
Width across flats (mm) 19 22 27

Nxm 29.5 39 93
Fastening torque
(kgfxm) (3) (4) (9.5)
(lbfxft) (21.5) (29) (69)
7-66
MAINTENANCE
E. FUEL SYSTEM
Tank capacity 7200 liter (1900 US gal)

Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Drain Fuel Tank Sump 1
2. Drain Fuel Filter Sediment 3
3. Replace Fuel Filter 3
Check Fuel Hoses (for leak, loose)
4.
Check Fuel Hoses (for crack, bend, etc.)
5. Clean Fuel Cooler Core 1
CAUTION: Use only recommended DIESEL 1

FUEL OIL (JIS K-2204 or ASTM2-D). Never use
gasoline. If gasoline is used accidentally, fire will
break out, resulting in serious personal injury or
death.
Recommended Fuel
Use only high-quality DIESEL FUEL OIL in accordance
with JIS K-2204, ASTM2-D, or equivalent. For further
details, refer to the Commins Engine Operation and
Maintenance Manual. M141-01-007
Refueling
1. Park the machine on a firm, level surface.
4. Check fuel gauge (1) on the monitor. Add fuel if
necessary, as follows.
Fuel Tank Capacity: 7200 liter (1900 US gal)
NOTE: Avoid condensation. Fill the tank at the end of

each day’s operation.

5. Run the engine at slow idle for five minutes.

switch.
position.
7-67
MAINTENANCE
CAUTION: Handle fuel carefully. Shut the engine

off before fueling. Do not smoke while you fill
the fuel tank or work on fuel system.
IMPORTANT: Keep all dirt, dust, water and other

foreign materials out of the fuel system.
NOTE: Take care not to spill fuel on the machine or

ground. Do not fill the tank more than specified.
8. Remove filler cap (2). Add fuel via the filler tube. Do
not fill the tank more than specified. 2
Be sure to select a charging pump of appropriate
capacity when fueling to avoid overflowing.
M146-07-038
9. A filter is provided in the filler port. Clean the filter in

light oil at the regular interval.
10. Reinstall filler cap (2).
11. Fuel can be supplied from the ground through the

fast-filling panel located at the rear section of the
machine. Refer to page 1-36 for fast-filling panel op-
eration.
7-68
MAINTENANCE
1)
Drain Fuel Tank Sump --- daily 1

structure rotated 90° for easier access.
3. Turn the auto-idle off.


five minutes.
5. Turn the key switch OFF. Remove the key from the 2
M146-07-039
key switch.
tion.
7. Open drain cock (1) for several seconds to drain
water and sediment. Close drain cock (1).
Drain Fuel Filter Sediment

--- every 50 hours
1. Stop the engine.

2. Loosen drain plug (3) on the underside of filter (2) to
drain water and sediment.
3. After draining, tighten drain plug (3).
2 M141-07-009
M141-07-018
7-69
MAINTENANCE
1
Replace Fuel Filter
--- every 250 hours
IMPORTANT: Be sure to prepare a container large

enough to collect fuel when replacing
fuel filter to avoid ground contamina-
tion and for safety.
1. Stop the engine.
2. Close cock (1) on the inlet line. M141-07-009

2
3. Unscrew spin-on filters (2) from the filter head, dis-

card filters.
4. Fill the filter with clean fuel. Apply a light even coat
of lubricating oil to the gasket sealing surface prior to
installing the filter.
5. Position filter (2) to the filter head. Tighten by hand

until the seal touches the filter head, tighten an addi-
tional one-half to three-fourths turn.
6. Open cock (1).
NOTE: Be sure to tighten the filter by hand. If any tools

are used for tightening, breakage or deforma-
tion of the filter head may arise.
Refer to the Cummins Engine Operation and Mainte-

nance Manual for further details except the filter re-
placement intervals, for which this manual has priority.
7-70
MAINTENANCE
Check Fuel Hoses

--- daily
--- every 250 hours
CAUTION: Fuel leaks can lead to fires that may

result in serious injury.
To avoid this hazard :
1. Park the machine on a firm, level surface. Lower the

bucket to the ground. Stop the engine. Remove key
from the key switch. Pull the pilot control shut-off
lever to the LOCK position.
2. Check for kinked hoses, and hoses that rub against
each other parts for leaks.
Check hoses at the check points indicated below for
leaks and other damage that may result in future
leaks. If any abnormalities are found, replace or re-
tighten them, as shown in Table 4.
3. Repair or replace any loose or damaged hoses.
Never install bent or damaged hoses.
7-71
MAINTENANCE
Table 4. Hoses 3 2
Interval (hours) Check Points Abnormalities Remedies
Daily Hose covers Leak (1) Replace 1
Hose ends Leak (2) Replace
Fittings Leak (3) Retighten or replace 2
3
M115-07-145
Every 250 Hose covers Crack (4) Replace

4
hours
Hose ends Crack (5) Replace
5
M115-07-146
Hose covers Exposed rein- Replace 7

forcement (6)
6
Hose covers Blister (7) Replace
M115-07-147
8
Hose Bend (8) Replace
M115-07-148
Hose Collapse (9) Replace
(Use proper bend ra- 9
dius)
Hose ends and fit- Deformation

tings or corrosion Replace 10
(10)
M115-07-149
Fig. 4
NOTE: Refer to the illustrations in Fig. 4 for each check point location or for
a description of the abnormality. Use genuine Hitachi parts.
7-72
MAINTENANCE
Clean Fuel Cooler Core

Fuel Cooler
--- every 500 hours
CAUTION: Always wear safety glasses or gog-

gles when using compressed air (Less than 0.2
MPa, 2 kgf/cm2, 28 psi) to clean oil cooler core.
IMPORTANT: High-pressure air or water can damage

fins. When cleaning the oil cooler and
pump transmission oil cooler core with
high-pressure air or water, keep the noz-
zle 200 mm (8 in) or more away from the M188-07-004
core face in order not to cause any dam-

age.
Remove cover in front of the fuel cooler. Clean oil fuel

2
core with compressed air (Less than 0.2 MPa, 2 kgf/cm ,
28 psi) or water.
7-73
MAINTENANCE
F. AIR CLEANER
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Air Cleaner Outer Ele- Cleaning 2 As required
ment Replacement 2 Replace per 6 cleaning
2. Air Cleaner Inner Element Replacement 2 When outer element is replaced
Clean Air Cleaner Outer Element

--- as required
1
Replace Air Cleaner Outer and Inner
Elements
--- per 6 cleaning or when outer element is
replaced 2

M117-07-015

five minutes. 3

switch.
tion.
7. Remove wing nut (1).
Remove outer element (2).
M117-07-016
CAUTION: Use reduced compressed air pres-

sure (Less than 0.2 MPa, 2 kgf/cm2, 28 psi). Clear
area of bystanders, guard against flying chips,
and wear personal protection equipment includ-
ing goggles or safety glasses.
8. Clean outer element (2) using compressed air (Less
2
than 0.2 MPa, 2 kgf/cm , 28 psi). Direct the air to the
inside of the filter element, blowing out. Inspect outer
element (2) for any damage. If outer element is dam-
aged, replace with a new one.
9. Clean body (3) interior before installing outer ele-
ment (2). Install outer element (2).
NOTE: Check air filter restriction indicator on the moni-

tor panel. If air filter restriction indicator comes
ON. stop the engine and replace outer element.
7-74
MAINTENANCE
Replacement
1
1. When replacing air cleaner filter element, replace
both, outer (2) and inner (4) elements together.
2. Remove wing nut (1) and outer element (2).
3. Clean the filter housing (3) interior before removing
inner element (4). 2
4. Remove nut (5) and inner element (4).
5. First install inner element (4) and nut (5) and then in-
stall outer element (2) and wing nut (1).
M117-07-015
M117-07-016
7-75
MAINTENANCE
G. COOLING SYSTEM
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Check Coolant Level 1
2. Check DCA4 Concentration in Coolant !
3. Replace Coolant Filter 2
4. Change Coolant 549 L (145 US gal) Twice a year, in spring and autumn ✳
5. Clean Radiator, After Cooler Interior 1+1 When changing coolant
6. Clean Radiator, After Cooler Core 1+1
NOTE: ✳ Before leaving the Hitachi factory, the cooling system is filled with a mixture of water and Genuine
Hitachi Long-Life Coolant. As long as Genuine Hitachi Long-Life Coolant is used, the service inter-
vals between changing the coolant is once every two years, or every 4000 hours, whichever comes
first.
Coolant
Use a proper coolant mix of water, antifreeze and anti-
corrosive agent DCA4.
NOTE: DCA4 is a brand name of Dry Chemical Addi-

tive manufactured by the America Fleetguard
Co.
1. Water
Use soft water with fewer impurities or tap water as a
coolant (lather will easily from with soft water).
If hard water with many impurities is used, the anti-
corrosive agent DCA4 will be neutralized and loose
its effect as an anticorrosive agent.
2. Long-Life Coolant
Long-Life coolant protects the cooling system from
rusting and freezing.
Long-life coolant can be used throughout the year
without changing.
As long as Genuine Hitachi Long-Life Coolant is
used, the service interval between changing the
coolant is once every two years, or every 4000 hours,
whichever comes first.
IMPORTANT: Long-Life Coolant concentration should

be 50% regardless the air temperature.
7-76
MAINTENANCE
Check Coolant Level --- daily 1
CAUTION: Do not remove radiator cap (1) until

the coolant is cool; otherwise high-temperature
steam may escape, potentially causing scalding.
Slowly loosen cap (1) to release pressure after
the system has cooled and then remove.
Check that the coolant level is between the HIGH and

LOW marks on water tank level gauge (2).
If the coolant level is below the LOW mark, remove cap
(1) on the water tank and add coolant via the opening. M141-01-014
M141-07-024
7-77
MAINTENANCE
Check DCA4 Concentration in Coolant

--- every 500 hours
Anticorrosive Agent DCA4

Be sure to use the anticorrosive agent DCA4 in your
Cummins Cooling System. DCA4 protects the cooling
system from rusting, makes an anticorrosive film on the
cylinder liner to prevent the liner from corroding, and
reduces sediments in the engine coolant passages.
Ideal DCA4 concentration is 1.75 DCA units per 3.78 L
(1 US gal) of coolant (LLC/soft water mix) (when LLC
concentration is 50%). Maintain the acceptable concen-
tration range of 1.2 to 3 units per 3.78 L (1 US gal) of
coolant.
DCA4 concentration is adjusted by replacing the
DCA4-containing filter and/or adding DCA4 liquid.
x Coolant Filter
The following solid DCA4 containing coolant filter is
available.
Fleetguard Cummins Hitachi Part Number of

Application
Part No. Part No. No. DCA Units
Check and
WF-2076 3100309 4460208 23
Maintenance
x DCA4 Liquid
The following DCA4 liquid units are available for refill.
Application Fleetguard Cummins Hitachi Number of

Part No. Part No. Part No. DCA Units
DCA60L 4275270 5
Refill 3305373
DCA65L 4280278 20
7-78
MAINTENANCE
x Precautions for using DCA4
CAUTION: DCA4 includes alkali. Avoid splash-

ing DCA4 in your eyes or swallowing it. If DCA4
is splashed into your eyes or swallowed, follow
the instructions shown below. Keep out of reach
of children.
1. Exposure tolerances
Slight skin exposure to DCA4 will cause no
serious problems. However, longer or re-
peated exposure times, inhaling, swallowing
or splashing DCA4 in your eyes will cause
serious problems. Take the emergency meas-
ures shown below.
Cause Symptoms Emergency Measure
The nose
Inhaling Breathe fresh air.
smarts.
Wash with fresh water.

Long or
The skin Take off clothes contaminated
repeated
smarts. with DCA4 and clean them thor-
exposure
oughly.
Wash immediately with fresh wa-

Splashing The eyes
ter for 15 minutes and see a phy-
in eyes smart.
sician.
Drink a lot of carbonated bever-

Swallowing
ages and see a physician.
2. Disposal
Be careful not to spill DCA4 on machine or
ground. If DCA4 is spilt, wipe it up and clean
contaminated surface thoroughly.
Use a container to collect spilt DCA4 and
consign it to professional disposers. Dis-
posal of surplus DCA4 when changing cool-
ant should also be assigned to professional
disposers.
7-79
MAINTENANCE
Checking and Adjusting DCA4 Concentration
x Initial Charge (when replacing coolant totally)

Replace the coolant filter and add the DCA4 liquid for
refill. Use coolant filter (WF-2076). One DCA65L unit is
equivalent to four DCA60L units. The sample combina-
tions of DCA65L and DCA60L are shown in the follow-
ing table. Appropriately combine both DCA65L and
DCA60L so that the required concentration can be ob-
tained.
Antifreeze or DCA Units per Coolant Required Filter Nos. of Quantity DCA4 Nos. of Quantity Total Units
LLC Concen- 1 gal of Water Volume Concent- Units Liquid for Units
tration Plus ration Refill
Anti-freeze or
(%) LLC (L) (Unit) (P/No.) (Unit) (P/No.) (Unit) (Unit)
363 WF-2076 23 2 366 DCA Unit

(549/3.78u215 = 363 DCA Unit) DCA65L 20 16
Over 50% 2.5 549
(23u2+20u16)
x Replacing Coolant Filter --- every 500 hours

DCA4 deteriorats its function after being used for a long
time. Normally replace it every 500 hours. However,
when the DCA4 concentration is measured:
• When the antifreeze or LLC concentration is 50%: If
over 3 units concentration is measured, no replace-
ment is required, allowing the replacement hour to
extend up to max. 1000 hours.
x Checking Coolant Concentration

1. If a large quantity of coolant was added when repair-
ing the engine or radiator, check the coolant concen-
tration in accordance with Item 5 Inspection Proce-
dure in this manual and maintain the proper coolant
concentration. (If the total coolant was replaced, con-
duct the initial charge in accordance with Item above
on this page.)
2. The coolant concentration may be outside the speci-
fication according to operation conditions or due to
an unexpected failure. Then, it is recommendable to
check the concentration every 500 hours.
7-80
MAINTENANCE
Inspection Procedures of Coolant Concentration
x Check the concentration of DCA4 in coolant using

the inspection kit shown below.
Cummins Hitachi
Name of Kit
Parts No. Parts No.
Inspection Kit CC2602 4404083
Contents of the Kit:
Color
Specimen
Plastic Coolant Receiver Pipette Plastic Test Paper Box.

(I) (II) (III)
M162-07-077
x Outline
1. Both A and B reagents are coated on CC2602 test

paper, allowing to measure the color changes on
both A and B reagents.
2. At the same time, one more reagent is coated to
easily determine the antifreeze concentration
through color change. (The antifreeze concentration
checked by this method should be just a guide line.
When the exact antifreeze concentration is required,
measure it using a specified equipment.)
1 2 3 CC2602 Test Paper
A SODIUM NITRITE
Concentration
B SODIUM MOLYBDATE
Concentration
Antifreeze Concentration
M162-07-076
3. Do not use diluted coolant for measurement. Collect

coolant into the attachment beaker. Directly dip the
test paper into the collected coolant. Compare the
reagent color change on the test paper with the color
specimen coated on the test paper box 45 seconds
after desiccating.
7-81
MAINTENANCE
x Precautions for Using CC2602 Test Kit
Maintain coolant temperature to 10 to 54qC while The effective life time of the reagent is printed on
checking. Otherwise, incorrect color change may result. the upper section of the CC2602 container.
Do not use any reagents after the effective life
Compare the reagent color with the color specimen to
time expires.
measure the concentration in daylight.
In case it is difficult to specify the color concentration If the reagent color has changed to light brown or
through the comparison of the reagent color with the pink, avoid to use such reagent.
color specimen, adopt the lighter side concentration as
If the color specimen was spoiled, wipe stain with
a safer value.
a cloth. Do not use any soap or solvent.
The reagents provided in the test kit are sensitive to
The reagent color continues to change from soon
light, heat, and excessive moisture so that they should
after being dipped into coolant and stops after it
be stored in a plastic container. Unless the test papers
is dried up. Therefore, measure the coolant con-
are used, be sure to close the container cover correctly.
centration within the specified time range.
Avoid to expose the test kit to the direct ray of the sun
while storing and maintain the ambient temperature of
the storing place to 32qC or lower.
Concentration Check Table
% GLYCOL/FREEZEPOINT (qF)
25% 33% 40% 50% 60%
+10 +5 0 5 10 20 30 45 60
DCA Unit/3.78L (1 US gal)

(SCA UNITS PER GALLON)
ROW 6 0.0 1.7 2.8 3.1 3.7 4.1 4.9 5.7
ROW 5 0.0 1.7 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 4.3 5.1
ROW 4 0.0 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.6 4.4
ROW 3 0.0 1.2 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.5 3.3 4.1

(SODIUM
MOLYBDATE ROW 2 0.0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.8 2.2 3.0 3.8
LEVEL)
ROW 1 0.0 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.7 3.5
ROW 0 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.4 3.2
A B C D E F G H
(SODIUM NITRITE LEVEL)
7-82
MAINTENANCE
x How to Use Test Kit
IMPORTANT: Measure time precisely to obtain the

correct test results. Use a stop watch or
watch with a second hand. If the re-
agent color change is checked too early
or too late, correct measurement results
won’t be obtained. If coolant is main-
tained based on incorrect check data,
damage to the engine may result.
1. Use coolant collected from the radiator or the engine

drain cock for checking. Don’t collect coolant from
the reservoir. Wait to cool the collected coolant
temperature to 10 to 54qC before checking.
2. As soon as one test paper is taken out of the plastic

container, close the cover correctly. Do not touch the
area coated with the reagent. If the area has already
changed to light brown use another test paper.
3. Dip the test paper into the collected coolant for one
second. After taking up the test paper, desiccate the
extra coolant.
4. Wait 45 seconds. Then, compare the changed re-

agent color on the test paper with the color specimen
and determine the coolant concentration by following
procedures.
(1) Take a record of the anti freeze concentration by

comparing the color on reagent section (1) with
the anti freeze color specimen printed on the test
paper plastic box (III).
(2) Take a record of concentration by comparing the
color on reagent section (2) with the SODIUM
MOLYBDATE color specimen printed on the test
paper plastic box (III).
(3) Take a record of concentration by comparing the
color on reagent section (3) with the SODIUM
NITRITE color specimen printed on the test paper
plastic box (III).
5. Complete all color comparison check within 75 sec-

onds after dipping the test paper into the coolant.
7-83
MAINTENANCE
6. In case the reagent color corresponds to that be-
tween the color specimens, take the intermediate
value. If it is difficult to determine which value should
be taken, adopt the lighter color side concentration
as a safer value.
7. Using the concentration check table, find the inter-
section between the recorded SODIUM MOLYB-
DATE concentration and the SODIUM NITRITE
concentration. This intersection shows the coolant
additive agent concentration per 1 US gal of the
coolant.
8. The colored concentration values in the concentra-
tion check table printed on the test paper box repre-
sents the values to be applied when the LLC con-
centration is 50%. When the LLC concentration is
40% or less, do not determine by color. Determine by
figure values.
9. Record the measured coolant additive agent con-
centration value on the maintenance record sheet as
reference data when performing next maintenance
services.
Concentration Check Table
% GLYCOL/FREEZEPOINT (qF)
25% 33% 40% 50% 60%
+10 +5 0 5 10 20 30 45 60
DCA Unit/3.78L (1 US gal)

(SCA UNITS PER GALLON)
ROW 6 0.0 1.7 2.8 3.1 3.7 4.1 4.9 5.7
ROW 5 0.0 1.7 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.5 4.3 5.1
ROW 4 0.0 1.4 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.6 4.4
ROW 3 0.0 1.2 1.5 1.7 2.1 2.5 3.3 4.1

(SODIUM
MOLYBDATE ROW 2 0.0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.8 2.2 3.0 3.8
LEVEL)
ROW 1 0.0 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.5 1.9 2.7 3.5
ROW 0 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.4 3.2
A B C D E F G H
(SODIUM NITRITE LEVEL)
7-84
MAINTENANCE
x Checking and Controlling Coolant
Obtain the concentration value from the concentration
check table. Concentration and its control are as fol-
lows.
Coolant Additive Agent DCA4 Control Standard
Concentration of Concentration per 1 US gal

Antifreeze or of Coolant Additive Agent Control Method
LLC DCA4
1.2 or less Replace the coolant filter. Add one bottle of DCA60L (con-
taining 5 DCA units) per 15 L of coolant.
1.2 to 3.0 Perform the normal maintenance service. Replace the cool-
ant filter every 500 hours.
3.0 or more Keep using the coolant until concentration is reduced to 3
units without replacing the filter.
50% Use the filter up to the next 500 hour replacement time
(maximum useable time limit: 1000 hours). In case concen-
tration is over 4.0 units, replace the total coolant and conduct
the initial charge in accordance with Item in this manual.
Necessary DCA4 Volume to Add 1.75 DCA units per 1 US gal (3.785 L) of coolant.
be Added When Replacing
Total Coolant.
IMPORTANT: Water with a lot of impurity or insuffi-

cient quantity of DCA4 will lead to cor-
rosion of cylinder liners, which will re-
sult in engine damage.
7-85
MAINTENANCE
Replace Coolant Filter

--- every 500 hours
Check the DCA4 concentration every 500 hours. (Refer
to page 7-81 for the checking procedure.) If the concen-
tration is lower than the acceptable range, and if the
coolant filter has to be replaced as a result (Refer to
“Concentration Check Table” section on page 7-84.), re-
place the WF-2076 coolant filter, following the proce-
dure below:
CAUTION: Do not attempt to loosen coolant fil-

ter (1) until the engine is cool.
IMPORTANT: • Be sure to prepare a container large 1

enough to collect coolant when re-
placing water filter to avoid ground
contamination and for safety.
• Be sure to tighten the filter by hand.
If any tools are used for tightening,
breakage or deformation of the filter
head may arise. For details other
than filter replacement intervals, re- M141-07-019
fer to Cummins Engine Operation

and Maintenance Manual.
1. Move shut-off valves knob (2) to the OFF position. 2

2. Remove filter (1) and discard it.
3. Apply a thin film of lubricating oil to the gasket seal-
ing surface prior to installing new filter (1).
4. Position new filter (1) to the filter head.
Tighten until the seal touches the filter head; tighten
an additional one-half to three-fourths turn.
1
5. Move shut-off valves knob (2) back to the ON posi-
tion. M117-07-018
7-86
MAINTENANCE
1
Change Coolant
--- twice a year (in spring and autumn)
Clean Radiator Interior

--- when changing coolant
NOTE: Before leaving the Hitachi Factory, the cooling

system is filled with a mixture of water and
Genuine Hitachi Long-Life Coolant.
As long as Genuine Hitachi Long-Life Coolant
is used, the service intervals between changing
the coolant is once every two years, or every
4000 hours, whichever comes first. M141-01-014
3 2
CAUTION: Do not loosen the radiator cap until
the engine is cool. Loosen the radiator cap
slowly to the stop. Release all pressure before
removing the radiator cap.
1. Park the machine on a solid and level surface. Lower

the bucket to the ground. Stop the engine.
2. Remove water tank cap (1). Open drain cocks (2)

and (3) on the radiator and after cooler to allow the
coolant to drain completely. Remove impurity such
as water scale at the same time.
3. Close drain cocks (2) and (3). Fill the radiator with M141-07-051
soft water containing less impurity or tap water and a

radiator cleaner agent. Start the engine and run it at
a speed slightly higher than slow idle; when the nee-
dle of the temperature gauge reaches the white zone,
run the engine for about ten more minutes.
4. Stop the engine and open radiator drain cock (2).

Flush out the cooling system with soft water or tap
water, until draining water is clear. This helps remove
rust and sediment.
5. Close radiator drain cock (2). Fill the radiator with

soft water or tap water. At that time, mix the LLC.
The concentration of LLC is 50%. Slowly add coolant
to avoid mixing air bubbles in the system.
7-87
MAINTENANCE
6. Add 1.2 to 3.0 DCA units per 1 US gal (3.78 L) of
coolant.
7. Start the engine. Sufficiently bleed air from the cool-

ing system.
8. After adding coolant, operate the engine for several

minutes. Check the coolant level again.
Add coolant if necessary.
7-88
MAINTENANCE
Clean Radiator Core

--- every 500 hours

MPa, 2 kgf/cm2, 28 psi) to clean radiator core.
IMPORTANT: High-pressure air or water can damage

fins. When cleaning the radiator core
with high-pressure air or water, keep the
nozzle 200 mm (8 in) or more away from
the core face in order not to cause any
damage.
Remove cover in front of the radiator. Clean radiator M146-07-046

2
core with compressed air (Less than 0.2 MPa, 2 kgf/cm ,
28 psi) or water.
7-89
MAINTENANCE
H. AIR CONDITIONER
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 2000
1. Recirculation Air Fil- Cleaning 3 As required
ter Replacement 3 Replace per 4 cleaning
Cleaning 3 As required
2. Ventilation Air Filter
Replacement 3 Replace per 4 cleaning
3. Check Refrigerant Quantity 3
4. Check Compressor Belt Tension 3
5. Clean Condenser Core 3
6. Check Tightening Torque !
7. Seasonal Maintenance ! Preseason (once a year), Off-season (once a week)
Recirculation Air Filter 1

MPa, 2 kgf/cm2, 28 psi) to clean filters.
IMPORTANT: Plugged recirculation or ventilation air

filter will reduce cooling capacity of the
air conditioner. Be sure to clean them
periodically.
Cleaning --- as required
M117-07-069
1. Open cover (1). Remove recirculation air filters (2).
2. Clean recirculation air filters (2) with compressed air

2
(Less than 0.2 MPa, 2 kgf/cm , 28 psi) or a soft
brush.
2
Replacing --- after cleaning 4 times
If the cooling capacity decreases even after cleaning

recirculation air filters (2) due to filter clogging, replace
them.
M117-07-019
NOTE: Same filter elements are used for the air condi-
tioner recirculation and ventilation air filters.
7-90
MAINTENANCE
Ventilation Air Filter

MPa, 2 kgf/cm2, 28 psi) to clean filters.
IMPORTANT: Plugged ventilation or recirculation air

filter will reduce cooling capacity of the 1
air conditioner. Be sure to clean them
periodically.
Clean Air Filter --- as required

1. Ventilation air filters (2) (three pieces) are located in M146-01-001
room (1) under the cab.
Remove ventilation air filters (2). 2
2. Clean ventilation air filters (2) with compressed air

2
(Less than 0.2 MPa, 2 kgf/cm , 28 psi) or a soft
brush.
Replace Air Filter --- after cleaning 4 times

Changing interval of ventilation air filter (2) differs de-
pending on environmental conditions.
If the cooling capacity decreases after cleaning ventila-

tion air filter (2), caused by filter plugging, replace it ear- M117-07-070
lier than the standard interval.
7-91
MAINTENANCE
Check Refrigerant Quantity

--- every 250 hours
CAUTION: DO NOT allow liquid refrigerant to

contact eye or skin. Liquid refrigerant will freeze
eye or skin on contact. Be careful not to loosen
connections in the air conditioner circuit.
1
IMPORTANT: • Do not operate the compressor
without refrigerant in the air condi-
tioning circuit, as doing so may
damage them.
• Do not overcharge the system with
refrigerant to avoid dangerous high M146-01-001
pressure and low cooling effect.
Air conditioner liquid tanks (2) (three pieces) are located

in room (1) under the cab. Insufficient refrigerant quan-
tity lowers cooling effect of the air conditioner. Check
the refrigerant quantity through sight glass on liquid
tanks (2) (three pieces).
1. Start the engine and run at fast idle speed.

2. Turn the air conditioner and blower fan speed to the
high speed.
3. Press temperature control switch repeatedly until the
air temperature is maximum cool.
4. Check the refrigerant quantity through sight glass. M146-07-009
Refrigerant
Quantity Sight Glass
Almost clear. Gas bubbles may be seen but will dis-appear by

Appropriate
changing engine speed.
M114-07-090
A steady stream of gas bubbles is seen in the liquid flowing from

Insufficient
the receiver-dryer.
M114-07-091
Scarce No bubbles but misty.
M114-07-092
5. If the refrigerant level is low, consult your authorized

dealer.
7-92
MAINTENANCE
Check Compressor Belt Tension

--- every 250 hours
Remove box-type cover (2), located on step (1) under

the ladder, to gain access to the compressor belt.
Visually check belt for wear. Replace if necessary. Start
the engine and run for 10 minutes. Check belt tension
by depressing the midpoint between the hydraulic motor
and compressor pulleys with the thumb. Deflection must
be 13 to 14 mm (0.5 to 0.6 in) at a depressing force of
approximately 98 N (10 kgf, 22 lbf).
If tension is not within specifications, loosen the com-
pressor mounting bolts to adjust belt tension.
1 M146-01-001
M146-07-071
M146-07-001
7-93
MAINTENANCE
Clean Condenser Core

--- every 500 hours

MPa, 2 kgf/cm2, 28 psi) to clean condenser core.
1
Remove condenser cover (2) (three pieces), located in
room (1) under the cab.
2
Use compressed air (Less than 0.2 MPa, 2 kgf/cm , 28
psi) to clean the condenser core (three pieces).
2 M146-01-001
M146-07-010
7-94
MAINTENANCE
Check Tightening Torque

--- every 250 hours
Check the tightness of mounting bolts, hose connec-
tions and fittings every 250 hours. Tighten to torque
specifications if any are loose.
Torque Specifications for Hose Connections:

Wrench Fastening Torque
Size
(mm) N"m (kgf"m) (lbf"ft)
19 11.5 to 14.5 (1.2 to 1.5) (8.7 to 10.5)
24 19.5 to 24.5 (2 to 2.5) (14.5 to 18)
M146-07-001
27 29.5 to 34 (3 to 3.5) (21.5 to 25.5)
Torque Specifications for Compressor Mounting Bolts:

Size
10 19.5 to 29.5 (2 to 3) (14.5 to 21.5)
Torque Specifications for Liquid Tank:

Size
10 7.8 to 11.5 (0.8 to 1.2) (5.8 to 8.7)
7-95
MAINTENANCE
Seasonal Maintenance
--- preseason
--- off-season
CAUTION: Do not attempt to loosen

con-nections in air conditioning circuit when the
air conditioner malfunctions. Doing so may
cause high pressure gas to spout, resulting in
serious injury. Consult your authorized dealer
immediately.
1. Preseason maintenance
Prior to the season, consult your authorized dealer

for maintenance of the air conditioner in order to op-
erate it in good condition during the season.
This maintenance includes replenishment of refrig-

erant, inspection and replacing (if necessary) of inner
and outer air filters, line connections, pressure
switches and inspection and cleaning of evaporator.
2. Off-season maintenance
(1) Operate the compressor once a week at low

speed for several minutes in order to maintain its
parts in well lubricated condition. Be sure to run
the engine at slow idle and air temperature to
MEDIUM COOL. This operation also prevents
refrigerant leakage caused by a dried up shaft
seal.
(2) Check for refrigerant leakage. If the refrigerant
level is low during off-season, rust will form inside
the circuit.
NOTE: Do not remove compressor belt from the com-

pressor during off-season.
7-96
MAINTENANCE
I. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
IMPORTANT: Improper radio communication equip-

ment and associated parts, and/or im-
proper installation of radio communica-
tion equipment effects the machine's
electronic parts, causing involuntary
movement of the machine.
Also, improper installation of electrical
equipment’s may cause machine failure
and/or a fire on the machine.
Be sure to consult your authorized
dealer when installing a radio commu-
nication equipment or additional elec-
trical parts, or when replacing electrical
parts.
Never attempt to disassemble or modify

the electrical/electronic components. If
replacement or modification of such
components is required, contact your
authorized dealer.
Batteries
CAUTION: Battery gas can explode. Keep sparks

and flames away from batteries. Use a flashlight
to check the battery electrolyte level.
Do not continue to use or charge the battery

when electrolyte level is lower than specified.
Explosion of the battery may result.
Sulfuric acid in battery electrolyte is poisonous.
It is strong enough to burn skin, eat holes in
clothing, and cause blindness if splashed into
the eyes.
SA-036
Avoid hazard by:

1. Filling batteries in a well-ventilated area.
2. Wearing eye protection and rubber gloves.
3. Avoiding breathing fumes when electrolyte is
added.
4. Avoiding spilling or dripping electrolyte.
5. Using proper booster battery starting proce-
dures.
If you spill acid on yourself:

1. Flush your skin with water.
2. Apply baking soda or lime to help neutralize
the acid.
3. If splashed in eyes, flush with water for 10 to
15 minutes. Get medical attention immedi-
ately.
7-97
MAINTENANCE
If acid is swallowed:
1. Drink large amounts of water or milk.
2. Then drink milk of magnesia, beaten eggs, or
vegetable oil.
3. Get medical attention immediately.
IMPORTANT: Add water to batteries in freezing

weather before you begin operating
your machine for the day, or else charge
the batteries.
IMPORTANT: If the battery is used with the electrolyte

level lower than the specified lower
level, the battery may deteriorate
quickly. M409-07-072
IMPORTANT: Don’t refill electrolyte more than the

specified upper level. Electrolyte may
spill, damaging the painted surfaces
and/or corroding other machine parts.
NOTE: In case electrolyte is refilled more than the

specified upper level line or beyond the bottom
end of the sleeve, remove the excess electro-
lyte until the electrolyte level is down to the
bottom end of the sleeve using a pipette. After
neutralizing the removed electrolyte with so-
dium bicarbonate, flush it with plenty of water,
otherwise, consult the battery manufacturer.
7-98
MAINTENANCE
Electrolyte Level Check
1. Check the electrolyte level at least once a month.
2. Park the machine on level ground and stop the en-
gine.
3. Check the electrolyte level.
3.1 When checking the level from the battery side:
Clean around the level check lines with a wet towel.
Don’t use a dry towel. Static electricity may be de-
veloped, causing the battery gas to explode. Check U.L (Upper Level)
if the electrolyte level is between U.L (Upper Level)
L.L (Lower Level)
and L.L (Lower Level). In case the electrolyte level
M146-07-109
is lower than the middle level between the U.L and
L.L, immediately refill distilled water or commercial
battery fluid. Be sure to refill with distilled water Filler Port
before recharging (operating the machine). After
refilling, securely tighten the filler plug.
3.2 When impossible to check the level from the bat- Sleeve
tery side or no level check mark is indicated on the Upper Level
side: Lower Level
After removing the filler plug from the top of the Separator Top
battery. Check the electrolyte level by viewing Proper M146-07-110
through the filler port. It is difficult to judge the ac- Since the electrolyte surface touches the bottom end of the
curate electrolyte level in this case. Therefore, sleeve, the electrolyte surface is raised due to surface tension
when the electrolyte level is flush with the U.L, the so that the electrode ends are seen curved.
level is judged to be proper. Then, referring to the M146-07-111
right illustrations, check the level. When the elec- Lower
trolyte level is lower than the bottom end of the When the electrolyte surface is lower than the bottom end of
the sleeve, the electrode ends are seen straight.
sleeve, refill with distilled water or commercial bat-
tery fluid up to the bottom end of the sleeve. Be
M146-07-112
sure to refill with distilled water before recharging
(operating the machine). After refilling, securely
tighten the filler plug.
3.3 When an indicator is available to check the level,
follow its check result.
4. Always keep around the battery terminals clean to
prevent battery discharge. Check terminals for loose
and/or rust. Coat terminals with grease or petroleum
jelly to prevent corrosion build up.
M409-07-072
7-99
MAINTENANCE
2. Check electrolyte specific gravity
CAUTION: Battery gas can explode. Keep sparks If you spill acid on yourself:
and flames away from batteries. Use a flashlight 1. Flush your skin with water.
to check the battery electrolyte level. 2. Apply baking soda or lime to help neu-
tralize the acid.
Sulfuric acid in battery electrolyte is poisonous.
3. If splashed in eyes, flush with water for
It is strong enough to burn skin, eat holes in
10 to 15 minutes. Get medical attention
clothing, and cause blindness if splashed into
immediately.
the eyes.
If acid is swallowed:
Never check the battery charge by placing a
metal object across the posts. Use a voltmeter or 1. Drink large amounts of water or milk.
hydrometer. 2. Then drink milk of magnesia, beaten
eggs, or vegetable oil.
! ) battery clamp
Always remove the grounded (! 3. Get medical attention immediately.
first and replace it last.
Avoid hazard by: IMPORTANT: Check the specific gravity of the
1. Filling batteries in a well-ventilated area. electrolyte after it is cooled, not
immediately after operation.
2. Wearing eye protection and rubber gloves.
3. Avoiding breathing fumes when electrolyte is Check the electrolyte specific gravity in each bat-
added. tery cell.
The lowest limit of the specific gravity for the
4. Avoiding spilling or dripping electrolyte. electrolyte varies depending on electrolyte
5. Using proper booster battery starting proce- temperature. The specific gravity should be kept
dures. within the range shown below. Charge the battery
if the specific gravity is below the limit.
Recommended range of specific gravity by electrolyte temperature
104°F 40°C
68°F 20°C
Working range
Fluid temp.
32°F 0°C
–4°F –20°C
–40°F –40°C
1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 1.29 1.30 1.31 1.32
Specific gravity of battery fluid
REPLACE BATTERIES
CAUTION: Do not replace the battery in
human strength. Use the crane to replace
Your machine has four 12-volt batteries with negative (!)
safely.
ground.
If one of four batteries in a 24-volt system has failed but
the other are still good, replace all the batteries together
with new ones of the same type. For example, replace a
failed maintenance-free battery with a new mainte-
nance-free battery. Different types of batteries may have
different rates of charge. This difference could overload
one of the batteries and cause it to fail.
7-100
MAINTENANCE
Replacing Fuses --- as required
If any electrical component fails, first check the fuses in

the fuse box, located in room (A) under the cab. Re-
move fuse box cover and confirm that the fuses shown
below are provided. A
IMPORTANT: Install fuse with correct amperage rating

to prevent electrical system damage
from overload.
M146-01-001
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
46
45
44
43
42
41
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
M188-07-005
1- MAIN CONTROL UNIT (A) 13 - WORK LIGHT (UPPER) 10A 25 - C.S.U. BACK UP 5A 37 - A/C BACK UP 5A
5A
2 - MAIN CONTROL UNIT (B) 14 - WORK LIGHT (REAR) 10A 26 - CAB LIGHT, HORN 20A 38 - A/C C. FAN (FRONT) 30A
5A
3 - LOAD DUMP RELAY 5A 15 - WORK LIGHT (RIGHT) 10A 27 - ILLUMINAT. 5A 39 - A/C C. FAN (SIDE) 30A
4 - E.C.M. ENG. START 5A 16 - WORK LIGHT (LEFT) 10A 28 - OIL PUMP 20A 40 - A/C C. FAN (REAR) 30A
5 - FUEL SOL. RELAY 5A 17 - C.S.U. MAIN POWER 5A 29 - (SPARE) 41 - DLU BACK UP 5A
6 - ATTERY RELAY 5A 18 - WIPER MOT. (LOWER) 10A 30 - STARTER RELAY 5A 42 - DLU MAIN POWER 5A
7 - POWER ON SIG. 5A 19 - WIPER MOT. (UPPER) 10A 31 - A/C MAIN (FRONT) 15A 43 - HORN AIR COMP. 20A
8 - MONITOR LAMP 5A 20 - MAIN C/U SOL. 10A 32 - A/C MAIN (SIDE) 15A 44 - WATER LEVEL SW 5A
9 - ENTRANCE LIGHT 10A 21 - SOL. VALVE 15A 33 - A/C MAIN (REAR) 15A 45 - SPARE
10 - CAB BED LIGHT 10A 22 - MOT. ALARM 5A 34 - A/C ON SIG. (FRONT) 5A 46 - OPTION SENSOR 5A
11 - ENG., PUMP ROOM LIGHT 23 - DC/DC 15A 35 - A/C ON SIG. (SIDE) 5A
15A
12 - OIL COOLER ROOM LIGHT 24 - E.C.M. RELAY 5A 36 - A/C ON SIG. (REAR) 5A
10A
7-101
MAINTENANCE
Remove cover (7) on the side wall of the left console in
the cab. Also, check the fuses.
1- RADIO (BACK UP) 5A

2- RADIO 5A
3- LIGHTER 10A
4- POWER TERMINAL 10A Trainer Seat
5- POWER TERMINAL 15A 7
6- POWER TERMINAL 15A
M146-07-048
1 2 3 4 5 6
M141-01-021
7-102
MAINTENANCE
Power Source Terminal

x 12 Volts and 24 Volts Terminal
Remove cover (1) on the side wall of the left console in
the cab. 12 volts and 24 volts terminal are located in
the side wall of the left console. Use this terminal to
power electrical devices of 12 volts and 24 volts rating.
Fuses for this terminal are provided with 5 ampere and
10 ampere fuses.
1
M146-07-048
M141-01-021
24V 5A
24V 10A
12V 10A
7-103
MAINTENANCE
Fusible Link
Fusible links are located inside battery compartment (A).
Fusible link protects electric main circuit against exces-
sive current.
If fusible link is melted and disconnected by short circuit,
see your authorized dealer.
1- Fusible Link 400 A (For Pre-lube)

2- Fuse 30 A
3- Fusible Link 75 A
6- Fusible Link 45 A (Option)
7- Fuse 10 A T146-01-03-005
8- Fuse 5 A
13- Fuse 10 A
13
2
12 3
11 4
10
5
9
6
8
7
M188-07-006
7-104
MAINTENANCE
Check Electrical Cables and Wire Harnesses

for Short Circuits
CAUTION: Short circuits can cause fires that

may result in serious injury.
To avoid this hazard:
1. Park the machine on a solid, level surface. Lower the

bucket to the ground. Stop the engine. Remove key
from the key switch. Pull the pilot control shut-off
lever to the LOCK position.
2. Clean and tighten all electrical connections.
3. Check before each shift or after ten (10) hours of

operation for loose, kinked, hardened or frayed elec-
trical cables and wires.
Check before each shift or after ten (10) hours of
missing or damaged terminal caps.
DO NOT OPERATE MACHINE if cable or wire are
loose, kinked, etc..
Check cables and harnesses at the check points in-

dicated below for damage that may result in future
short circuits. If any abnormalities are found, replace,
retighten or reconnect them, as shown in Table 1.
4. Tighten, repair or replace any loose or damaged

electrical cables, wires, and terminal caps before
7-105
MAINTENANCE
Table 1. Electrical Cables and Wire Harnesses
Interval
Check Points Abnormalities Remedies
(hours)
Daily Wire harnesses and Degree of hardening Replace

1
cables (1)
Cracks Replace
Worn tape Replace
Contact with part edge Replace
Missing cap (harness terminal) Replace M115-07-152
Loose screw terminal Retighten
Damaged at the contacting part with Replace

clamps
2
Lead wires of sen- Degree of hardening Replace
sor and solenoid
Cracks Replace
valve (2)
Worn tape Replace
M115-07-153

3
Connector (3) Degree of Hardening Replace
Loose locking Lock
Damaged and crushed parts Replace

M115-07-154
Loose or worn part Replace
4
Terminal and ter- Degree of hardening of cover Replace
minal cover (4)
Cracks Replace
Worn cover Replace

M115-07-155
Missing cover Replace
Loose locking Reconnect

5
Clamps of the har- Missing Replace
nesses or connec-
Clamping positions Correcting
tors (5)
Damage Replace M115-07-156
NOTE: Refer to the illustrations in Fig. 1 for each check point location. Fig. 1
Replace the damaged parts with genuine Hitachi parts.
7-106
MAINTENANCE
Check Emergency Engine Stop Switch

--- Every 250 hours
Check the emergency engine stop switch function every

250 hours, following the procedures below:
1. Start the engine and run it at slow idle. NORMAL EMERG. STOP
2. Turn emergency engine stop switch (1) to the
EMERG STOP position.
3. Confirm that engine stop.
If any abnormalities are found, be sure to repair 1

them before operating the machine.
M117-01-093
7-107
MAINTENANCE
J. MISCELLANEOUS
Interval (hours)
Parts Quantity
10 50 250 500 1000 1500 3000
1. Check Bucket Teeth for Wear and Looseness 6
2. Inspect Emergency Rope and Rope Mounting
1
Hardware
3. Check Auto-Lubrication System 1
Check 2
4. Seat Belt
Replacement 2 At least once every 3 years
5. Check Washer Tank 2 as required
6. Check and Adjust Track Sag 2
7. Check Accumulator and Track Adjuster
2 Every year
Cylinder Circuit
8. Clean Side Frame Area 2
9. Check Tightening Torque of Bolts and Nuts ★
NOTE: ★ First time only.
4
2
5
M146-07-051
8 7
T146-01-03-001
1
T146-01-03-002
7-108
MAINTENANCE
Check Bucket Teeth --- every 10 hours

RIGHT WRONG
1. Check bucket teeth for wear and looseness
Replace teeth if tooth wear exceeds the designated

service limit shown below.
Dimension A in mm (ft, in.) 1 2 M117-07-153

New Limit of Use
520 290
Loading Shovel Bucket
(1' 8s) (11s)
470 260
Backhoe Bucket
(1' 7s) (10s)
If point (1) is worn excessively, making a hole, new

point (1) cannot be installed on worn nose (2).
NOTE: Check the bucket teeth periodically so that

wear does not exceed the designed service
limit. M115-07-094
Alternate buckets may use different tooth as-

semblies.
Wedge 4
2. Replacing procedure
CAUTION: Guard against injury from flying

pieces of metal. Wear goggles or safety glasses.
1. Install point (1) and locking pin (3).

The side of the locking pin marked “up →” must be
installed upward as shown in the figure. Point 1 3 Locking Pin
M115-07-136
2. Use a 7 to 10 kg (15 to 22 lb) hammer and drive out

wedge (4).
3. Drive the wedge so that the difference between the
top of wedge and the surface of the point is less than
Less than 50 mm (2 in) Top of Wedge
50 mm (2 in).
4. Cut the lower end the wedge longer than the surface
of the point by gas.
Gas cutting part

Lower-end of Wedge
M115-07-097
7-109
MAINTENANCE
3. Maintenance
1. Drive wedge (4) using a hammer again after 5
operating 2 to 4 hours.
2. Drive wedge (4) every morning for the first
week of operation.
3. Drive wedge (4) once a month from the second
week.
4. Cut the projected part using gas when the lower
1
end of wedge (4) projects from the bottom sur-
face of point (1).
5. Replace the wedge (4) with oversize wedge
3
110W 2 (4202527) when its top is flush with the M145-07-037
upper surface of point (1). 4
6. When wedge (4) tends to come out of point (1),

apply spot welding to wedge (4) and spool (3)
after driving the wedge in point (1).
NOTE: When installing new point and shroud (5), re-

move the hooks attached to them using gas.
7-110
MAINTENANCE
Inspect Emergency Evacuation Equipment

2
and Hanger --- daily
Inspect emergency evacuation equipment (1) and
hanger (2) before operating the machine. If any item is
worn and/or damaged, replace the equipment and/or
hanger with genuine Hitachi parts. 1
M146-07-002
7-111
MAINTENANCE
Auto-Lubrication System
The machine is equipped with auto-lubrication system

for the front attachment joint pins, swing bearing and 1
center joint.
Checking Indicator Pins
IMPORTANT: The auto-lubrication system is equipped

with injectors (3) for greasing. Check
indicator pins (2) of injectors (3) every
day to confirm that greasing is done
correctly. Also, check grease piping for
leakage. M146-07-108
1. Move auto-lubrication toggle switch (1) to the MAN-

UAL position. Check that the grease pump begins
operating and indicator pins (2) retract.
2
2. Move auto-lubrication toggle switch (1) to the AUTO
LUB. position. Indicator pin positions are as follows:
3
Indicator pins (2) are retracted while the grease
pump is operating.
Indicator pins (2) are extended while the grease

pump is stopped.
M145-07-029
2
NOTE: The stroke of pin movement differs depending
on the greasing volume of injectors (3).
M117-07-173
7-112
MAINTENANCE
Check Grease Level --- daily
Remove two wing nuts (4). Open grease-can top cover
assembly (5) to check quantity of grease inside. Add
grease if necessary.
5
4
Automatic Greasing
Move auto-lubrication toggle switch (3) to the AUTO
LUB. position. Disconnect hose (6) at coupler (7). The
grease pump intermittently delivers grease for ap-
proximately one minute with an interval of 10 minutes
according to the greasing schedule preset at the factory.
The greasing schedule, interval and volume, can be
adjusted as shown below.
IMPORTANT: Do not adjust greasing interval to be too

long or the greasing volume to be too
small.
M146-07-107
M146-07-104
7-113
MAINTENANCE
1. Adjusting Greasing Interval
Turn adjusting switch (9) located in room (8) under

the cab to the desired position out of four possible
positions: 3, 5, 10, and 15 minutes.
8
Greasing Interval
(minutes)
3
5
10
15
M146-01-001
M146-07-050
10
2. Adjusting Greasing Volume

11
Loosen locknut (11) on injector (2). Turn adjusting
nut (10) clockwise until it stops. This is the minimum
3 3
delivery position of 0.168 cm (0.010 in ). Turn ad-
justing nut (10) counterclockwise approximately 10 2
turns. This is the maximum delivery position of 1.165
3 3
cm (0.071 in ). Select appropriate greasing volume
between the maximum and minimum volumes.
Tighten locknut (11).
NOTE: Injectors (2) have been adjusted as shown be-

low at the time of shipment:
Front attachment joint pins: Maximum

Swing bearing: Minimum
Center joint: Minimum
M117-07-173
Model SL-I SL-II

Min. Volume 0.168r40% 1.165r15%
Max. Volume 1.165r40% 8.163r5%
7-114
MAINTENANCE
Manual Greasing
Connect hose (7) to coupler (6).

Move auto-lubrication toggle switch (1) to the MANUAL
position.
3
Apply grease using a grease gun. Refer to pages 7-19,

7-23, 7-25 of this manual. 6
After finishing greasing, disconnect hose (7) from cou-
pler (6), release grease pressure in hose reel (12) via
the grease gun.
7
NOTE: When manual greasing is selected, the
auto-lubrication indicator on the monitor panel
will come on. This is not abnormal.
M146-07-104
12
M146-07-105
7-115
MAINTENANCE
Check and Replace Seat Belt

Check --- daily
Replace --- every 3 years
Always maintain the seat belt in a functional condition

and replace when necessary to ensure proper perform-
ance.
Prior to operating the machine, thoroughly examine belt

(1), buckle (2) and attaching hardware (3). If any item is
damaged or materially worn, replace the seat belt or 2
component before operating the machine.
M117-01-011
We recommend that the seat belt be replaced every

three years regardless of its apparent condition.
1
3
2
Check Windshield Washer Fluid Lever

M117-07-094
--- as required
Windshield washer tank (5) is located in room (4) under
the cab.
Check fluid in windshield washer tank (5).
If the fluid level is low, remove cap of windshield washer
tank (5) and add fluid via the opening.
During winter season, use all season windshield washer
which will not freeze. 4
M146-01-001
M146-07-010
7-116
MAINTENANCE
Check and Adjust Track Sag --- every 50

hours
CAUTION: Be sure to place blocks under the

machine frame to support the machine when one
track is raised off ground.
90 to
Swing the upperstructure 90° and lower the bucket to raise 110q
the track off the ground as shown.
Keep the angle between the boom and arm 90 to 110q M117-05-030
and position the bucket’s round side on the ground. Place

blocks under the machine frame to support the machine.
Rotate track one full rotation. Thoroughly clean track area
to remove soil.
Measure distance (A) at the middle of the track frame

from the bottom of the track frame to the back face of the Track frame
track shoe. bottom
Track sag specifications --- 580 to 620 mm

A
(22.8 in to 24.4 in)
Track shoe back face
NOTE: When operating the machine on sand, gravel, M115-07-170
snow or mud, providing longer track sag is rec-

ommended in the above-mentioned value
range.
Precautions for Adjusting Track Sag

1. When measuring track sag after adjusting, be sure to
rotate the raised track one full rotation.
2. When adjusting track sag, lower the bucket to the
ground to raise one track off the ground.
Repeat this procedure to raise the other track.
Each time, be sure to place blocks under the ma-
chine frame to support the machine.
3. When operating the machine after it has been stored
for a long time or its track adjuster cylinder hose or
piping has been replaced, first push the right travel
lever forward to extend adjuster cylinder, and then
add grease to the fitting to tighten the tracks.
7-117
MAINTENANCE
Loosen the Track
CAUTION: Do not loosen valve (1) quickly or

loosen it too much as high-pressure grease in
1
the adjusting cylinder may spout out. Loosen
carefully, keeping body parts and face away from
valve (1).
Never loosen grease fitting (2). 2
IMPORTANT: When gravel or mud is packed between

sprockets and track links, remove it be-
fore loosening.
M117-07-074
1. To loosen the track, slowly turn valve (1) counter-

clockwise using long socket 24; grease will escape
from the grease outlet.
2. Between 1 to 1.5 turns of valve (1) is sufficient to
loosen the track. Grease
Outlet 1
3. If grease does not drain smoothly, slowly rotate the
raised track.
2
4. When proper track sag is obtained, turn valve (1)
clockwise and tighten to 147 Nxm (15 kgfxm, 108
lbfxft).
M117-07-105
Tighten the Track
CAUTION: It is abnormal if the track remains

tight after turning valve (1) counterclockwise or
if the track is still loose after charging grease to
fitting (2). In such cases, NEVER ATTEMPT TO
DISASSEMBLE the track shoes or track adjuster,
because of dangerous high-pressure grease in-
side the track adjuster. See your authorized
dealer immediately.
To tighten the track, connect grease lubricator or a grease

gun to grease fitting (2) and add grease until the sag is
within specifications.
7-118
MAINTENANCE
Check Accumulator and Track Adjuster Cyl-

inder Circuit --- every year
CAUTION: Accumulator (1) in the track ad-

juster cylinder circuit is charged with
high-pressure nitrogen. Be sure to release pres-
sure before servicing the hose between accu-
mulator and track adjuster cylinder circuit, fol-
lowing the procedure shown below.
1. Loosen lock nut (4).
2. Confirm that handle (3) is sufficiently tight-
ened by turning it clockwise. Remove plug
(2). M146-01-025
3. Slowly turn handle (3) counterclockwise to 1

open valve; pressurized oil escapes gradu-
ally.
IMPORTANT: Low pressure in the track adjuster cyl-

inder circuit will cause damage to the
track adjuster and travel device. Be sure
to check the accumulator and adjuster
cylinder circuit regularly to maintain
correct circuit pressure. Consult your
authorized dealer when checking ac-
cumulator.
M146-07-081
Check Side Frame Area --- daily

Soil or rocks stuck in the side frame area will disturb
smooth rotation of the undercarriage components such
as the lower rollers, upper rollers, sprockets or front
idlers.
Remove soil and rocks from the area every day. In ad-
dition, clean the area at least once a week.
M117-07-075
Be sure to thoroughly clean the area in cold seasons to
prevent excessive wear of upper rollers due to freezing.
7-119
MAINTENANCE
Check Tightening Torque of Bolts and Nuts

--- every 250 hours (first time after 50 hours)
Check tightness after the first 50 hours then every 250
hours. Tighten to torque shown if any are loose. Bolts and
nuts should be replaced with those of the same or higher
grade.
IMPORTANT: Check and tighten bolts and nuts using

a torque wrench.
Torque Specifications
No. Descriptions Bolt Dia Q’ty Wrench Torque
(mm) Size (mm) Nxm (kgfxm ) (lbfxft)
1 Engine cushion rubber mounting bolt 36 10 55 3140 (320) (2310)
Engine bracket mounting bolt a 33 16 50 1910 (195) (1410)
2 b 20 32 30 540 (55) (400)
c 22 6 32 740 (75) (546)
3 Hydraulic oil tank mounting bolt 33 12 50 1910 (195) (1410)
4 Fuel tank mounting bolt 33 18 50 1910 (195) (1410)
5 Pump transmission mounting bolt 14 16 22 137 (14) (101)
Pump mounting bolt (Main pump) 24 16 36 690 (70) (505)
6
Pump mounting bolt (Fan pump) 20 4 30 390 (40) (290)
7 Gear pump mounting bolt 14 2 22 137 (14) (101)
Air con. Compressor drive pump mounting
8 14 2 22 137 (14) (101)
bolt
9 Control valve mounting bolt 20 16 30 390 (40) (290)
33 56 50 2550 (260) (1880)
10 Swing device mounting bolt
24 96 36 690 (70) (505)
11 Swing motor mounting bolt 20 16 30 390 (40) (290)
12 Battery mounting bolt 6 16 10 19.5 (2) (14.5)
13 Cab mounting bolt 18 10 27 294 (30) (220)
14 Cab bed mounting bolt 12 43 19 108 (11) (80)
15 Cab cushion rubber mounting bolt 12 40 19 88 (9) (65)
Swing bearing mounting bolt (Upperstructure) 56 60 85 9810 (1000) (7230)
16
Swing bearing mounting bolt (Track) 56 60 85 9810 (1000) (7230)
17 Counterweight mounting bolt 56 11 85 6860 (700) (5060)
18 Travel motor mounting bolt 20 16 30 390 (40) (290)
19 Upper roller mounting bolt 22 24 32 740 (75) (540)
20 Lower roller mounting bolt 45 32 70 4710 (480) (3470)
21 Radiator mounting bolt 27 8 41 1370 (140) (1010)
Travel device mounting bolt (A) 30 24 46 1910 (195) (1410)
22 Travel device mounting bolt (B) 39 56 60 410 (450) (3250)
Travel device mounting bolt (C) 20 36 30 390 (40) (290)
23 Side frame mounting bolt 56 68 85 9810 (1000) (7230)
24 Track pin-retaining bolt 30 152 46 1910 (195) (1410)
Front pin-retaining bolt (Loader) (A) 12 40 19 88 (9) (65)
Front pin-retaining bolt (Loader) (B) 16 12 24 205 (21) (152)
25 Front pin-retaining bolt (Loader) (C) 24 12 36 932 (95) (690)
Front pin-retaining bolt (Loader) (D) 20 24 30 540 (55) (400)
Front pin-retaining bolt (Loader) (E) 27 10 (19) 1029 (105) (760)
Front pin-retaining bolt (Backhoe) (A) 20 24 30 390 (40) (290)
26
Front pin-retaining bolt (Backhoe) (B) 16 12 24 205 (21) (152)
7-120
MAINTENANCE
Tightening Torque Chart
Hexagon
Wrench
Bolt Dia. Wrench
Size
Size M552-07-091 M552-07-090 M157-07-225
Socket Bolt
Nxm (kgfxm) (lbfxft) Nxm (kgfxm) (lbfxft) Nxm (kgfxm) (lbfxft)
M8 13 6 30 (3.1) (22) 20 (2.0) (15.0) 10 (1.0) (7.4)
M10 17 8 65 (6.6) (48) 50 (5.1) (37) 20 (2.0) (15.0)
M12 19 10 110 (11.0) (81) 90 (9.2) (66) 35 (3.6) (26.0)
M14 22 12 180 (18.5) (135) 140 (14.0) (103) 55 (5.6) (41)
M16 24 14 270 (27.5) (200) 210 (21.5) (155) 80 (8.2) (59)
M18 27 14 400 (41.0) (295) 300 (30.5) (220) 120 (12.0) (89)
M20 30 17 550 (56.0) (410) 400 (41.0) (295) 170 (17.0) (125)
M22 32 17 750 (76.5) (550) 550 (56.0) (410) 220 (22.5) (162)
M24 36 19 950 (97.0) (700) 700 (71.5) (520) 280 (28.5) (205)
M27 41 19 1400 (143) (1030) 1050 (107) (770) 400 (41.0) (295)
M30 46 22 1950 (200) (1440) 1450 (148) (1070) 550 (56.0) (410)
M33 50 24 2600 (265) (1920) 1950 (200) (1440) 750 (76.5) (550)
M36 55 27 3200 (325) (2360) 2450 (250) (1810) 950 (97.0) (700)
IMPORTANT: Make sure bolt and nut threads are

clean before installing.
Apply lubricant (e. g. white zinc B
solved into spindle oil) to bolts and
nuts to stabilize their friction coeffi-
cient.
NOTE: Tightening torque required is shown in kgfxm.
For example, when tightening a bolt or nut with
a wrench of 1 m length, turning the end of it
with a force of 12 kgf, the torque produced will
be:
1 m u 12 kgf = 12 kgfxm
To produce the same torque with a wrench of

0.25 m:
0.25 m u kgf = 12 kgfxm
Necessary force will be:

12 kgfxm y 0.25 m = 48 kgf
7-121
MAINTENANCE
1. Engine cushion rubber mounting bolts.
Tool: 55 mm
Torque: 3140 N!m (320 kgf!m, 2310 lbf!ft)
M188-07-007
2. Engine bracket mounting bolts.
Engine flywheel side
a
Tool: 50 mm
a b
b
Tool: 30 mm
M188-07-008
Engine fan side

c
Tool: 32 mm
M188-07-009
7-122
MAINTENANCE
3. Hydraulic tank mounting bolts.
Tool: 50 mm
M146-07-052
4. Fuel tank mounting bolts.

Tool: 50 mm
M146-07-053
5. Pump transmission mounting bolt.

Tool: 22 mm
M146-07-075
6. Pump mounting bolts.

Main pump
Tool: Hex. Wrench 36 mm
Fan pump
Tool: Hex. Wrench 30 mm
M146-07-054
7-123
MAINTENANCE
7. Gear pump mounting bolt.
Tool: 22 mm
146-07-076
8. Air con. compressor drive pump mounting bolt.

Tool: 22 mm
M146-07-076
9. Control valve mounting bolts.

Tool: 30 mm
M146-07-055
10. Swing device mounting bolts.

Tool: 50 mm
Tool: 36 mm
M146-07-028
7-124
MAINTENANCE
11. Swing motor mounting bolt.
Tool: 30 mm
M146-07-028
12. Battery mounting bolts.

Tool: 10 mm
Torque: 19.5 N!m (2 kgf!m, 14.5 lbf!ft)
13. Cab mounting bolt. M146-07-080
Tool: 27 mm
M146-07-056
14. Cab bed mounting bolt.
Tool: 19 mm
M146-07-057
7-125
MAINTENANCE
15. Cab cushion rubber mounting bolts.
Tool: 19 mm
(Front Side)
M146-07-063
(Rear Side) M146-07-064
7-126
MAINTENANCE
16. Swing bearing mounting bolt.
Upperstructure
Tool: 85 mm
Track M144-07-100
Remove cover (A) and check the tightening torque.

Tool: 85 mm
M146-07-023
17. Counterweight mounting bolt.

Tool: 85 mm
M146-01-022
M146-07-065
7-127
MAINTENANCE
18. Travel motor mounting bolt.
Tool: 30 mm
M145-07-079
19. Upper roller mounting bolt.

Tool: 32 mm
M146-07-077
20. Lower roller mounting bolt.

Tool: 70 mm
M117-07-089
7-128
MAINTENANCE
21. Radiator mounting bolts.
Tool: 41 mm
22. Travel device mounting bolts. M146-07-058
A. Tool: 46 mm
B. Tool: 60 mm M145-07-048
C. Tool: 30 mm
M145-07-079
7-129
MAINTENANCE
23. Side frame mounting bolt.
Tool: 85 mm
M145-07-095
24. Track pin-retaining bolt.

Tool: 46 mm
M117-07-089
7-130
MAINTENANCE
25. Front pin-retaining bolts.
(Loader)
Tool Torque
mm N!m (kgf!m) (lbf!ft) C
A 24 205 (21) (152)
B 36 690 (70) (510)
C 36 932 (95) (690)
D 30 390 (40) (290)
19
E 1029 (105) (760)
(Hex. Wrench)
B
M146-07-018
D B
B
M118-07-053
C
M118-07-114
M118-07-115
7-131
MAINTENANCE
26. Front pin-retaining bolt.
(Backhoe)
(A) Tool: 30 mm
Torque: 390 N!m (40 kgf!m, 290 lbf!ft) C
(B) Tool: 24 mm
(C) Tool: 36 mm
M146-07-018
A
A C
C C
B
A T146-01-03-002
M146-07-078
7-132
TROUBLESHOOTING
ENGINE
Problem Cause Solution
Engine Cranks But Will Emergency engine stop switch Turn switch off (to NORMAL)
Not Start or Hard to Start
No fuel Add fuel.
Bleed air.
Wrong fuel Drain tank. Use correct fuel.
Contaminated fuel Drain tank and add clean fuel.
Low battery power Charge or install new battery.
Poor electrical connection Clean and tighten battery and starter
motor connections.
Starter motor failure Replace starter.
Wrong engine oil Drain oil. Use correct oil.
Air filter plugged Replace elements.
Fuel filter plugged Remove air from fuel system.
Clean fuel tank strainer.
Engine compression low See your authorized dealer.
Leaks in fuel system Check fuel system connections.
Air in fuel system Bleed air.
Engine Knocks, Runs Ir- Engine oil level low Add oil.
regularly or Stops
Plugged air intake system Clean filter and system.
Low coolant temperature Thermostat not working correctly or too
“cool”.
Water, dirt or air in fuel system Bleed air from fuel system.
Clean fuel tank outlet screen.
Fuel shut-off solenoid valve failure See your authorized dealer.
11-1
TROUBLESHOOTING
ENGINE
Engine Not Developing Full Air filters plugged Replace filter elements.
Power Fuel line restricted Repair or replace fuel line.
Contaminated fuel Drain fuel tank and clean outlet screen.
Refill.
Fuel filters plugged Change filters.
Plugged fuel tank breather Clean or install new breather.
Wrong fuel Use correct fuel.
Wrong oil Use correct oil.
Turbocharger failure See your authorized dealer.
Exhaust restriction Remove muffler and run engine.
Engine is too hot or cold See below.
Engine failure See your authorized dealer.
Valve clearance Check and adjust valves.
Intake or exhaust system leakage See your authorized dealer.
Engine Overheats Low coolant level Add coolant.
Thermostat See your authorized dealer.
Engine overloaded Check hydraulic relief valves.
Radiator cap faulty Install new cap.
Radiator core or or fuel cooler Clean radiator and fuel cooler
core plugged
Fan damaged Replace fan.
Air cleaner plugged Clean air cleaner.
Alternator belt loose Tighten or install new belt.
Cooling system passages dirty Flush cooling system.
Temperature gauge or sending unit See your authorized dealer.
11-2
TROUBLESHOOTING
ENGINE
Coolant Temperature Too Thermostat See your authorized dealer.
Low
Temperature gauge or sending unit See your authorized dealer.
Low Engine Oil Pressure Engine oil pump or pump drive See your authorized dealer.
Low oil level Add oil.
Engine oil pressure regulation valve See your authorized dealer.
Plugged oil pump intake screen See your authorized dealer.
Plugged oil filter Install a new oil filter.
Oil leaks Check for leaks.
Oil diluted with fuel or coolant See your authorized dealer.
Engine temperature too high Check cooling system.
Wrong oil Drain oil. Use correct oil.
Engine Uses Too Much Oil Wrong oil Drain oil.Use correct oil.
Oil leaks Check engine oil drain plug.
Engine temperature too high Check cooling system.
Plugged air cleaner Clean element or install new element.
Internal engine component wear See your authorized dealer.
Engine Uses Too Much Fuel Plugged or dirty air intake system Clean air intake system.
Wrong fuel Use correct fuel.
Basic engine failures See your authorized dealer.
Excessive Black or Gray Wrong fuel Drain tank. Use correct fuel.
Exhaust Smoke
Plugged or dirty air intake or exhaust Clean air intake and exhaust system.
system
Basic engine failures See your authorized dealer.
11-3
TROUBLESHOOTING
ENGINE
Exhaust Gas is White Wrong fuel Drain tank. Use correct fuel.
Cold engine Run engine until warm.
Thermostat faulty or too “cool” See your authorized dealer.
Coolant leakage into engine cylinder See your authorized dealer.
Turbocharger Excessively Bearings not lubricated Insufficient oil pressure.
Noisy or Vibrates Check for restricted turbocharger oil
line.
Worn bearings See your authorized dealer.
Air leak in engine, intake or exhaust Inspect, repair.
manifold
Improper clearance between turbine See your authorized dealer.
wheel and turbine housing
Broken blades on turbine Remove exhaust elbow and air inlet
hose and inspect.
Oil Dripping from Damaged or worn bearings and/or See your authorized dealer.
Turbocharger Adapter worn seals Inspect and clean air cleaner.
Check for proper engine service
intervals or dirt enter into engine.
Excessive crankcase pressure Check vent tube to ensure tube is not
plugged.
Clean.
Turbocharger oil return line carbon Remove line.
build up where line passes exhaust Inspect, clean.
manifold
Excessive Drag in Carbon build-up behind turbine wheel Inspect, clean.
Turbo-charger Rotating caused by combustion deposits
Members
Dirt build-up behind compressor Inspect, clean.
wheel caused by air intake leaks
Bearing seizure or dirty or worn See your authorized dealer.
bearings, caused by excessive
temperature, unbalanced wheel, dirty
oil, oil starvation, or insufficient
lubrication
11-4
TROUBLESHOOTING
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Nothing Works Battery Recharge or replace.
Nothing Works Battery relay Replace relay.
(Except clock)
Batteries Undercharged Loose or corroded connections Clean and tighten or replace batteries.
Alternator belt loose Tighten or install new belt.
Alternator not charging See your authorized dealer.
Fuse Replace fuse.
Key switch failure Replace key switch.
Starting Motor Will Not Turn Battery undercharged or dead Recharge or replace battery.
Battery cables making poor Clean connections.
connections
Fusible link Replace fusible link.
Key switch See your authorized dealer.
Start relay See your authorized dealer.
Starter solenoid See your authorized dealer.
Starter Repair or replace start motor.
Starter pinion jammed in flywheel Repair or replace starter.
gear
Major engine failure See your authorized dealer.
Starter Solenoid Chatters Poor connections at batteries or Clean connections.
starter
Low battery charge Recharge or replace batteries.
Starter solenoid “hold-in” windings See your authorized dealer.
open
Starter Motor Turns but Will Starter pinion gear not engaging See your authorized dealer.
Not Crank Engine flywheel ring gear
Pinion shift mechanism jammed or See your authorized dealer.
malfunctioning
Pinion gear teeth broken See your authorized dealer.
Flywheel gear teeth broken See your authorized dealer.
Engine Cranks Slowly Battery cables damaged or broken Inspect and replace cables.
internally
Battery or starter cable Clean and tighten connections.
connections loose or corroded
11-5
TROUBLESHOOTING
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Engine Cranks Slowly Battery discharged or will not hold a Replace battery.
charge
Starter “dragging” See your authorized dealer.
Low battery voltage Recharge or replace battery.
Starter Motor Continues to Start relay stuck See your authorized dealer.
Run After Engine Starts Starter solenoid stuck See your authorized dealer.
Starter not disengaging See your authorized dealer.
Key switch See your authorized dealer.
Charging Indicator Light Loose or glazed alternator belt Check belt.
On-Engine Running Replace if glazed, tighten if loose.
Engine speed low Adjust rpm to specification.
Excessive electrical load from added Remove accessories or install higher
accessories output alternator.
Loose or corroded electrical Inspect, clean, or tighten electrical
connections on battery, ground strap, connections.
starter, or alternator
Battery voltage low Change or replace battery.
Alternator or regulator See your authorized dealer.
Indicator circuit See your authorized dealer.
Noisy Alternator Worn drive belt Replace belt.
Worn pulleys Replace pulleys and belt.
Pulley misaligned Adjust alternator mount.
Alternator bearing Loosen alternator belts.
Turn pulley by hand.
If any roughness is felt, repair
alternator.
No Monitor Panel Indicators Fuse Replace fuse.
Work Wiring harness See your authorized dealer.
Individual Light in Monitor Bulb Replace bulb.
Panel is Not Working Fuse Replace fuse.
Wiring harness See your authorized dealer.
11-6
TROUBLESHOOTING
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
No Indicators in Gauge Panel Circuit board See your authorized dealer.
Operate Wiring harness See your authorized dealer.
Fuse Replace fuse.
Indicator Light in Gauge Panel Bulb Replace bulb.
is Inoperative Fuse Replace fuse.
Sender Do sender check.
Wiring harness failure See your authorized dealer.
Coolant Temperature Gauge Fuse Replace fuse.
Does Not Work Gauge See your authorized dealer.
Gauge sender Do coolant temperature gauge sender
check.
Fuel Gauge Does Not Work Fuse Replace fuse.
Gauge See your authorized dealer.
11-7
TROUBLESHOOTING
CONTROL LEVERS
Moves Hard Corroded joint See your authorized dealer.
Worn out pusher See your authorized dealer.
Does Nothing Worn out pusher See your authorized dealer.
Pilot valve See your authorized dealer.
Does Not Return to Neutral Pilot valve See your authorized dealer.
Too Much Play Worn out pivot joint See your authorized dealer.
Lever is Not Vertical In Neutral Pilot valve See your authorized dealer.
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Hydraulic Functions are Slow Low oil level Fill reservoir to full mark.
Cold oil Warm up hydraulic oil to normal cycle
times.
Wrong oil Drain tank. Use correct oil.
Engine speed too low Increase speed or see your authorized
dealer.
Pilot circuit See your authorized dealer.
Worn pump See your authorized dealer.
Restricted pump suction line See your authorized dealer.
Hydraulic Oil Overheats Wrong oil Use correct oil.
Air leak in pump suction line See your authorized dealer.
Oil lines restricted See your authorized dealer.
Low oil level Fill reservoir to full mark.
Plugged filters Install new filters.
Worn pump See your authorized dealer.
Plugged oil cooler Clean and straighten fins.
Oil cooler bypass See your authorized dealer.
Relief valve See your authorized dealer.
Contaminated oil Drain oil and refill.
Improperly adjusted hydraulic See your authorized dealer.
components
11-8
TROUBLESHOOTING
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Oil Foams Air leak in line from reservoir to pump Repair leak or see your authorized
dealer.
Kinks or dents in oil lines Check lines.
Wrong oil Use correct oil.
Water in oil Change oil.
High or low oil level Correct level.
Low or No Oil Pressure Wrong oil Use correct oil.
Improperly adjusted hydraulic See your authorized dealer.
components
No oil in system Fill with correct oil.
Worn cylinder packings See your authorized dealer.
Relief valve See your authorized dealer.
No Hydraulic Functions Hydraulic pump See your authorized dealer.
(Noise from pumps) Lack of hydraulic oil Add oil.
Damaged suction line or hose See your authorized dealer.
Clogged suction filter Clean.
Hydraulic Cylinders Operate Hydraulic pump worn See your authorized dealer.
but Cannot Lift Load Main relief valve pressure low See your authorized dealer.
Hydraulic oil level low Add oil.
Suction screen plugged Clean strainer and system.
Pump suction line leaking Inspect suction line.
11-9
TROUBLESHOOTING
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
One Control Lever Does Not Relief valve pressure low See your authorized dealer.
Work Tube or hose damaged Repair or replace.
Hydraulic fittings loose Tighten.
Damaged O-rings in fittings Install new O-ring.
Hydraulic Pump See your authorized dealer.
Pilot lines Repair or replace.
One Cylinder Does Not Work Control valve spool damaged or See your authorized dealer.
contaminated with dirt
Hydraulic lines damaged Repair or replace.
Fittings loose Tighten.
O-ring in fitting damaged Install new O-ring.
One Cylinder Does Not Work Piston seals leaking See your authorized dealer.
or Has Little Power Cylinder rod damaged See your authorized dealer.
Both Travel Motors Do Not Center joint failure See your authorized dealer.
Work
One Travel Motor Does Not Travel motor See your authorized dealer.
Work Parking brake not releasing See your authorized dealer.
Travel is Not Smooth Track adjustment Adjust tension.
Front idler or rollers damaged See your authorized dealer.
Track frame bent See your authorized dealer.
11-10
TROUBLESHOOTING
HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
Swing Does Not Work Swing motor See your authorized dealer.
Swing is Not Smooth Swing gear See your authorized dealer.
Swing bearing See your authorized dealer.
Lack of grease Apply grease.
AUTO-IDLE
Auto-Idle Does Not Work Fuse Replace
Auto-Idle switch Replace
Pilot pressure switch Replace
Failure of connector contact Repair or replace
Wiring harness Repair or replace
Engine speed control lever sensor Replace
Controller See your authorized dealer
Controller on the engine See your authorized dealer
Engine Speed Control Lever Failure of connector contact Repair or replace
Does Not Function Wiring harness Repair or replace
Engine speed control lever sensor Replace
Controller on the engine See your authorized dealer
11-11
TROUBLESHOOTING
MEMO
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11-12
SPECIFICATIONS
SPECIFICATIONS
A C
E
D
J I
H G
M146-11-001
Model EX3600-5 Hydraulic Excavator

Type of Front-End Attachment Loader Front Backhoe Front
3 3 3 3
Bucket Capacity (Heaped) PCSA 21 m (27.5 yd ) PCSA 22 m (28.8 yd )
Operating Weight 348000 kg (767200 lb) 350000 kg (771600 lb)
Cummins QSK60
Engine -1
1491 kW/1800 min (2027 PS/1800 rpm)
A: Overall Width 9025 mm (21 ft 5 in)
B: Cab Height *7750 mm (23 ft 1 in)
C: Rear End Swing Radius 6650 mm (21 ft 10 in)
D: Minimum Ground Clearance *905 mm (3 ft 0 in)
E: Counterweight Clearance *2535 mm (8 ft 4 in)
F: Overall Width of Upperstructure 8150 mm (26 ft 9 in)
G: Undercarriage Length 8700 mm (28 ft 7 in)
H: Undercarriage Width 6770 mm (22 ft 3 in)
I: Sprocket Center to Idler Center 6660 mm (21 ft 10 in)
J: Track Shoe Width 1270 mm (4 ft 2 in) (Grouser shoe)
2
Ground Pressure 180 kPa (1.84 kgf/cm , 26.1 psi)
–1
Swing Speed 3.2 min (rpm)
Travel Speed (Fast/Slow) 2.2/1.7 km/h (4.9/3.8 mph)
Gradeability 30° (tan! = 0.58)
NOTE: * The dimensions do not include the height of the shoe lug.
12-1
SPECIFICATIONS
WORKING RANGE
Loading Shovel
C B
M146-11-002
Category
Loading Shovel
Item
A: Minimum Digging Distance 5850 mm (19 ft 2 in)
B: Minimum Level Crowding
8870 mm (29 ft 1 in)
Distance
C: Level Crowding Distance 5050 mm (16 ft 7 in)
D: Maximum Digging Reach 15220 mm (50 ft 1 in)
E: Maximum Cutting Height 16300 mm (53 ft 6 in)
F: Maximum Dumping Height 10990 mm (36 ft 1 in)
G: Maximum Digging Depth 3910 mm (11 ft 10 in)
NOTE: *The dimensions do not include the height of the shoe lug.
12-2
SPECIFICATIONS
WORKING RANGE
Backhoe
B
A
M146-11-003
Category
Backhoe
Item
A: Maximum Digging Reach 18190 mm (59 ft 8 in)
B: Maximum Digging Reach (on grond) 17610 mm (57 ft 9 in)
C: Maximum Digging Depth 8580 mm (28 ft 2 in)
D: Maximum Cutting Height 17690 mm (58 ft 0 in)
E: Maximum Dumping Height 11590 mm (38 ft 0 in)
NOTE: *The dimensions do not include the height of the shoe lug.
12-3
SPECIFICATIONS
MEMO
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12-4
INDEX
A DRIVING THE MACHINE .................................. 4-1
AM/FM Radio Operation ..................................1-40 Defrosting........................................................ 1-24
Adjust the Operator’s Seat ................................ S-5 Dehumidifying and Heating.............................. 1-23
After the First 50 Hours..................................... 2-2 Dig with Caution ..............................................S-15
Air Cleaner.......................................................7-74 Digital Clock Setting Procedure ....................... 1-41
Air Cleaner Restriction Indicator.......................1-16 Dimmer Switch ................................................ 1-29
Air Conditioner .................................................7-90 Dispose of Waste Properly ..............................S-28
Air Conditioners ...............................................1-21 Dome Light Switch .......................................... 1-31
Alternator Indicator...........................................1-11 Download Indicator.......................................... 1-12
Auto Idle Indicator............................................1-13 Drive Machine Safely ......................................S-10
Auto Lubrication Indicator ................................1-15 Drive the Machine Carefully .............................. 4-1
Auto-Idle .................................................5-9, 11-11
Auto-Idle Switch...............................................1-34 E
Avoid Abusive Operation .................................5-14 Electrical System.................................... 7-97, 11-5
Avoid Applying Heat to Lines Containing Emergency Engine Stop Indicator.................... 1-17
Flammable Fluids ..................................... S-26 Emergency Engine Stop Switch.............. 1-35, 3-10
Avoid Heating Near Pressurized Fluid Lines.... S-26 Emergency Escape ........................................... 1-4
Avoid High-Pressure Fluids............................. S-22 Emergency Exit ................................................. 1-5
Avoid Injury from Back-Over Engine ................................................... 7-31, 11-1
and Swing Accidents................................. S-12 Engine Oil Level Indicator ............................... 1-12
Avoid Injury from Rollaway Accidents ............. S-11 Engine Oil Pressure Indicator (Warning).......... 1-11
Avoid Power Lines .......................................... S-15 Engine Room Light Indicator ........................... 1-14
Avoid Swinging Bucket to Move Objects ..........5-15 Engine Room Light Switch............................... 1-32
Avoid Tipping.................................................. S-14 Engine Speed Control...................................... 5-10
Avoid Undercutting ......................................... S-13 Engine Speed Control Lever............................ 1-29
Engine Stop Indicator ...................................... 1-15
B Engine Stop Switches...................................... 3-11
BREAK-IN......................................................... 2-1 Engine Troubleshooting Switch........................ 1-37
Beware of Exhaust Fumes .............................. S-24 Engine Warning Indicator ................................ 1-15
Blower Operation without Cooling or Heating ...1-25 Entrance Light Indicator................................... 1-14
Bucket Open-Close Pedals (Loading Shovel).... 5-5 Entrance Light Switch...................................... 1-33
Buzzer Stop Switch..........................................1-28 Evacuating in Case of Fire .......................S-24, 1-5
Every 10 Hours or Each Shift ............................ 2-1
C
COMPONENTS NAME ..................................... 1-1 F
Cab Door Release Button.................................1-45 Fast-Filling System Indicator ........................... 1-16
Cab Features .................................................... 1-7 Fast-Filling System Switch .............................. 1-36
Check Instruments After Starting....................... 3-6 Fasten Your Seat Belt .......................................S-6
Check Instruments Before Starting .................. 3-2 Follow Safety Instructions..................................S-2
Check the Hour Meter Regularly ....................... 7-2 Fuel Gauge ..................................................... 1-10
Confirm Direction of Machine to be Driven........ S-9 Fuel Level Indicator......................................... 1-12
Construction Outline ......................................... 7-8 Fuel System .................................................... 7-67
Control Lever (HITACHI Pattern Backhoe) ...... 5-1
Control Lever (HITACHI Pattern Loading Shovel) . 5-3 G
Control Lever (ISO Pattern Backhoe) .............. 5-2 General Precautions for Cab .............................S-4
Control Lever (ISO Pattern Loading Shovel) ... 5-4 Grading Operation........................................... 5-13
Control Levers .................................................11-8 Greasing ........................................................ 7-21
Coolant Level Indicator ....................................1-13
Coolant Level Indicator (Warning)....................1-15 H
Coolant Temperature Gauge............................1-10 HANDLING LADDER/EMERGENCY ROPE ...... 1-2
Cooling ............................................................1-23 Handle Chemical Products Safely ...................S-28
Cooling System................................................7-76 Handle Fluids Safely Avoid Fires..................S-17
Correct Maintenance and Inspection Procedures7-1 Handle Starting Aids Safely ...............................S-6
Heating............................................................ 1-23
D Horn Switch..................................................... 1-39
DLU Check Switch ...........................................1-38 Hour Meter ...................................................... 1-39
14-1
INDEX
Hydraulic Oil Level Indicator ............................1-13 Operating Ladder on the Ground ....................... 1-3
Hydraulic Oil Level Indicator (Warning)............1-12 Operating Ladder on the Upperstructure ............ 1-3
Hydraulic Oil Temperature Gauge....................1-10 Operating Tips................................................. 5-15
Hydraulic System ................................7-9, 44, 11-8 Operating in Water or Mud ................................ 4-9
Operating on Soft Ground.................................. 4-7
I Operator’s Seat Adjustment............................. 1-42
INDEX..............................................................14-1 Overheat Indicator (Warning) .......................... 1-11
Indicator Light Check Switch ............................1-26 Overnight Storage Instructions ........................ 5-20
Inspect Machine................................................ S-3
Inspect Machine Daily Before Starting............... 3-1 P
Inspection/Maintenance Lights .......................... 7-6 Park Machine Safely .......................................S-17
Investigate Job Site Beforehand ....................... S-8 Parking the Machine........................................ 4-11
Parking the Machine on Slopes ....................... 4-11
J Periodic Replacement of Rubber Hoses .......... 7-12
Jump Starting ................................................... S-7 Pilot Control Shut-Off Lever .............................. 5-6
Practice Safe Maintenance..............................S-18
K Precautions for Operations .............................. 5-11
Keep Person Clear from Working Area ........... S-13 Precautions for Traveling on Slopes ................ 4-10
Keep Riders Off Machine .................................. S-7 Precautions for Welding and Grinding .............S-25
Key Switch.......................................................1-35 Prelub Indicator ............................................... 1-14
Prepare Machine for Maintenance ..................... 7-3
L Prepare for Emergencies...................................S-2
Ladder Position Indicator..................................1-17 Prevent Battery Explosions..............................S-27
Level Check...................................................... 3-3 Prevent Burns .................................................S-21
Level Check Switch..........................................1-27 Prevent Fires...................................................S-23
Loading Shovel Operation................................5-16 Prevent Parts from Flying ..............................S-20
Prohibited Operation........................................ 5-16
M Protect Against Falling Stones and Debris .........S-8
MAINTENANCE................................................ 7-1 Protect Against Flying Debris...........................S-16
MAINTENANCE UNDER SPECIAL Protect Against Noise ........................................S-3
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS............... 9-1 Provide Signals for Jobs Involving Multiple
Maintenance Interval Guide .............................7-17 Numbers of Machines..................................S-9
Maintenance Under Special Environmental Pump Contamination Indicator ........................ 1-16
Conditions................................................... 9-1 Pump Transmission Oil Pressure
Miscellaneous ..............................................7-108 Indicator (Warning).................................... 1-11
Monitor Panel.................................................... 1-9
Monitor Panel and Switch Panels (Left)............. 1-8 R
Move and Operate Machine Safely ................... S-6 Raise One Track Using Boom and Arm ............. 4-7
Recognize Safety Information............................S-1
N Remove Paint Before Welding or Heating .......S-26
Never Position Bucket Over Anyone ............... S-13 Removing the Machine from Storage .............. 10-2
Never Undercut a High Bank........................... S-14 Replace Rubber Hoses Periodically.................S-21
O S
OPERATING THE ENGINE .............................. 3-1 SAFETY ............................................................S-1
OPERATING THE MACHINE ........................... 5-1 SAFETY SIGNS ..............................................S-29
OPERATOR’S STATION .................................. 1-7 SPECIFICATIONS .......................................... 12-1
Object Handling .............................................. S-16 STORAGE ...................................................... 10-1
Object Handling --- If Equipped ........................5-19 Seat Belt ......................................................... 1-44
Observe Machine Closely ................................. 2-1 Service Air Conditioning System Safely...........S-27
Open Access Doors for Service ........................ 7-5 Service Your Machine at Specified Intervals...... 7-2
Opening Cab Left Window ...............................1-45 Specifications ................................................ 12-1
Operate Only from Operator’s Seat................... S-7 Starting in Cold Weather ................................... 3-5
Operate the Machine Safely.............................5-12 Starting the Engine............................................ 3-4
Operate with Caution ...................................... S-15 Stay Clear of Moving Parts..............................S-19
Operating Backhoe ..........................................5-13 Steering the Machine Using Levers ................... 4-3
14-2
INDEX
Steering the Machine Using Pedals................... 4-2
Stop Valve Indicator (Warning) ........................1-17
Stopping the Engine.......................................... 3-9
Store Attachments Safely................................ S-20
Storing the Machine .........................................10-1
Support Machine Properly............................... S-19
Switch Panel ..................................................1-18
Switch Panel (Right) ........................................1-35
T
TROUBLESHOOTING .....................................11-1
Tachometer .....................................................1-10
Towing Machine a Short Distance ..................... 4-8
Transmission ..................................................7-35
Transporting the Machine.................................10-2
Travel Alarm ..................................................... 4-5
Travel Mode Indicator (Fast Speed) .................1-14
Travel Mode Indicator (Slow Speed) ................1-13
Travel Speed Switch .................................1-34, 4-4
Traveling........................................................... 4-6
U
Understand Signal Words ................................. S-1
Use Correct Fuels and Lubricants ..................... 7-2
Use Handholds and Steps................................. S-5
Use a Chain to Prevent Falling Accidents ......... 7-7
Using Booster Batteries..................................... 3-7
Using Ladder..................................................... 1-2
V
Ventilation the Cab...........................................1-25
W
Warming-Up Operation ..................................... 5-7
Warming-Up the Motor and the Cylinders ......... 5-8
Warn Others of Service Work ......................... S-19
Washer Switch.................................................1-20
Wear Protective Clothing .................................. S-3
Wiper Delay Selector Switch............................1-19
Wiper Switch....................................................1-19
Work Light Switch ............................................1-30
Working Range (Backhoe) ...............................12-3
Working Range (Loading Shovel) ....................12-2
14-3

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INTRODUCTION

Prior to operating this machine, it may be necessary

TRAVEL MOTOR TYPE AND SERIAL M188-00-001

HYDRAULIC PUMP TYPE AND SERIAL

FRONT TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER

BUCKET TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER

FRONT TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER

BUCKET TYPE AND SERIAL NUMBER

!" These are the SAFETY ALERT SYMBOLS.

• When you see these symbols on your machine or in

UNDERSTAND SIGNAL WORDS

!" On machine safety signs, signal words designating the

• DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situa-

!" CAUTION also calls attention to safety messages in this

!" To avoid confusing machine protection with personal

!" NOTE indicates an additional explanation for an

!" Safety signs should be installed, maintained and re-

• If a safety sign or this manual is damaged or missing,

!" Allow only trained, qualified, authorized personnel to

!" Keep your machine in proper working condition.

• Unauthorized modifications of the machine may im-

!" The safety messages in this SAFETY chapter are in-

PREPARE FOR EMERGENCIES

!" Be prepared if a fire starts or if an accident occurs.

• Keep a first aid kit and fire extinguisher on hand.

!" Wear close fitting clothing and safety equipment appro-

You may need:

Respirator or filter mask.

• Avoid wearing loose clothing, jewelry, or other items

PROTECT AGAINST NOISE

!" Prolonged exposure to loud noise can cause impair-

• Wear a suitable hearing protective device such as

!" Inspect your machine carefully each day or shift by

• In the walk-around inspection, be sure to cover all

• Before entering the cab, thoroughly remove all dirt

!" Falling is one of the major causes of personal injury.

• When you get on and off the machine, always face

ADJUST THE OPERATOR’S SEAT

• The seat should be adjusted whenever changing the

!" If the machine should overturn, the operator may be-

• Prior to operating the machine, thoroughly examine

MOVE AND OPERATE MACHINE SAFELY

!" Bystanders can be run over.

• Take extra care not to run over bystanders. Confirm

HANDLE STARTING AIDS SAFELY

!" Starting fluid is highly flammable.

• Keep all sparks and flame away when using it.

!" Inappropriate engine starting procedures may cause the

• Start the engine only from the operator’s seat.

• Before starting the engine, confirm that all control

!" Battery gas can explode, resulting in serious injury.

• If the engine must be jump started, be sure to follow

• Failure to follow correct jump starting procedures

KEEP RIDERS OFF MACHINE

!" Riders on machine are subject to injury such as being

• Only allow the operator on the machine. Keep riders

!" When working at the edge of an excavation or on a

• Investigate the configuration and ground conditions of

essary. Keep the machine well back from the edges