Metropolitan University of Education, Science and Technology

UMECIT

MODULE 2
ENGLISH

College Career: Building Technician

Subject: English

Teacher: Rolando Cuña

November 05, 2020

 Past Tense of “be”
El verbo “to be” en pasado tiene los dos significados: ser o estar pero en tiempo pasado; El
significado dependerá del contexto de la oración. El uso de este verbo se muestra en sus
tres formas: afirmativo, negativo e interrogativo.

AFFIRMATIVE:
I WAS YO ERA / YO ESTUVE

YOU WERE TÚ ERAS / TU ESTÁBAS...

HE WAS ÉL ERA / EL ESTUVO

SHE WAS ELLA ERA / ELLA ESTUVO

IT WAS ELLO ERA / ELLO ESTUVO

WE WERE NOSOTROS ERAMOS / ESTUVIMOS

YOU WERE UDS. FUERON/ UDS. ESTUVIERON

THEY WERE ELLOS-ELLAS FUERON / ESTÁBAN

NEGATIVE: Se usa la partícula “not” después de was, were

I WAS NOT _____________________

YOU WERE NOT _____________________

HE WAS NOT _____________________

SHE WAS NOT _____________________

IT WAS NOT _____________________

WE WERE NOT _____________________

YOU WERE NOT _____________________

INTERROGATIVE: El verbo antes del sujeto y se agrega (?)
WAS I? __________________________

WERE YOU? __________________________

WAS HE? __________________________

WAS SHE? __________________________

WAS IT? __________________________

WERE WE? __________________________

WERE YOU? __________________________

WERE THEY? __________________________

 I WAS NOT A GOOD STUDENT LAST YEAR.

 SHE WAS SAD YESTERDAY.

 WERE PEDRO AND ALEX SICK?

 THEY WERE IN PANAMA CITY LAST WEEK.

 WE WERE NOT IN THE CLASSROOM.

 WAS HE BUSY THIS MORNING?

Usamos WAS (una sola vocal) con pronombres que equivalen a una
sola persona o cosa, excepto en el caso de YOU (tú) con el que
usamos WERE

Usamos WERE (dos vocales) con pronombres que equivalen a dos o

más personas o cosas.
Circle the right answer.
2- A man was walking his dog.
a. was
b. were

3- A lot of people were shopping.

a. was
b. were

4- Tom and Sarah were watching television.

a. was
b. were

5- Two teenage boys were fighting.

a. was
b. were

6- Sally was jogging with her friend this morning.

a. was
b. were

7- Another man was watching her.

a. was
b. were

8- The students were using the computer lab.

a. was
b. were

9- The young newly weds were sleeping.

a. was
b. were

10-A baby was crying.

a. was
b. were
Circle the right answer.
1- She is thirty now, so last year she was twenty-nine.
a. was
b. were

2- Was it a good film?

a. Was
b. Were

3- I got married when I was twenty-seven.

a. was
b. were

4- It was a great day, but we were so tired.

a. was
b. were

5- I didn't buy those jeans because they were too expensive.

a. was
b. were

6- When I was a child we lived in Rome.

a. was
b. were

7- Where were you yesterday afternoon?

a. was
b. were

8- Was the weather good while we were away?

a. Was
b. Were

9- They were so naughty as kids.

a. was
b. were
Complete the following sentences with was or were.

1- Where was Mary yesterday?

2- Were you ill last week?

3- I was very happy to meet Jane.

4- Your parents were angry with me.

5- Kate was not at school yesterday.

6- Mandy and Tim were on holiday in August.

7- They were not in Los Angeles when I was there.

8- Jim was in the bedroom when the match was on TV.

9- You were my best friend when we were children.

10- There were a lot of food on the table.

La forma de los verbos regulares en pasado es la misma para todos los pronombres; no se
cambia!! Sólo hay que agregarles la terminación “ed”

PRESENT PAST MEANING

ASK ASKED
PREGUNTAR

Veamos un ejemplo con el verbo “gustar” :

I LIKED ME GUSTÓ

YOU LIKED TE GUSTÓ

HE LIKED LE GUSTÓ (a él)

SHE LIKED LE GUSTÓ (a ella)

IT LIKED LE GUSTÓ (a eso)

WE LIKED NOS GUSTÓ

YOU LIKED LES GUSTÓ ( a uds.)

THEY LIKED LES GUSTÓ (a

ellos)
En la forma negativa el verbo regresa a su forma original ya que se usa el verbo
auxiliar DID + NOT antes del verbo a conjugar.

I DID NOT LIKE NO ME GUSTÓ

YOU DID NOT LIKE NO TE GUSTÓ

HE DID NOT LIKE NO LE GUSTÓ (él)

SHE DID NOT LIKE NO LE GUSTÓ (ella)

IT DID NOT LIKE NO LE GUSTÓ (eso)

WE DID NOT LIKE NO NOS GUSTÓ

YOU DID NOT LIKE NO LES GUSTÓ (uds)

En el interrogativo usamos un solo auxiliar “DID” antes de los pronombres y el verbo
regresa a su forma original o su presente. El signo (?) al final:

DID I LIKE? ME GUSTÓ?

DID YOU LIKE? TE GUSTÓ?

DID HE LIKE? LE GUSTÓ?(a él)

DID SHE LIKE? LE GUSTÓ? (a ella)

DID IT LIKE? LE GUSTÓ? (a eso)

DID WE LIKE? NOS GUSTÓ?

DID YOU LIKE? LES GUSTÓ?(a uds.)

DID THEY LIKE? LES GUSTÓ?(a ellos)

 I WASHED MY BLUE CAR YESTERDAY.

Lavé mi carro azul ayer.

 WE WORKED VERY HARD LAST WEEK.

Trabajamos muy duro la semana pasada.

 YOU DID NOT STUDY LAST NIGHT.

Tú no estudiaste anoche.

 DID THEY ASK THE QUESTION?

¿Ellos preguntaron?

 HE PAINTED (PAINT) THE HOUSE ALL NIGHT LONG.

Él pintó la casa toda la noche.
Hay algunas reglas que hay que tener en cuenta al momento de agregarle la terminación
“ed” a los verbos regulares:

Cuando el verbo termina en “e” se agrega

solamente la “d”

Love loved like liked

Cuando termina en “y” pero le precede una

consonante, se cambia a “i” y se agrega “ed”

Cry cried study studied

Cuando termina en cualquier otra consonante,

solamente se agrega “ed”

Talk talked play played

El sufijo “...ed” es muy importante pronunciarlo correctamente. Para esto hay unas sencillas
reglas que seguir:

Si el verbo termina en sonidos como /s/ , / f / , / k / , / sh / , / ch /

la terminación “...ed” debe pronunciarse como una “T”
Pass passed

Si termina en sonidos de vocales o en sonidos como / z / , / m / , /

l / , / r / , n / , la terminación “...ed” se pronuncia como una “D”
Try tried
 Si termina en / d / o en / t / la terminación “...ed” se pronuncia
como una “ED”
Want wanted

YOUR TURN: Write sentences in Past Tense using the following verbs:

 Try (tratar) TRIED

 Visit (visitar) VISITED

 Rent (rentar) RENTED

 Work (trabajar) WORKED

 Cry CRIED
La forma de los verbos irregulares es la misma para todos los pronombres; No se les agrega
“ed”, No tienen reglas y hay que aprenderlos de memoria.

PRESENT PAST MEANING

EAT ATE COMER

GIVE GAVE DAR
GO WENT IR
SEE SAW VER
DRINK DRANK BEBER
Simple Present Simple Past Past Participle
Meaning
1. be - am/are/is was/were - (uós/uér) been - (bíin) ser o
estar
2. beat - (bit) beat - (bit) beaten - (bíten)
golpear
3. become - (bicám) became - (bikéim) become - (bicám)
convertise en
4. begin - (biguín) began - (bigán) begun - (bigón)
comenzar
5. bend - (bend) bent - (bent) bent - (bent)
doblar
6. bet - (bet) bet - (bet) bet - (bet)
apostar
7. bite - (báit) bit - (bit) bitten - (bíten)
morder
8. bleed - (blíid) bled - (bled) bled - (bled)
sangrar
9. blow - (blóu) blew - (blu) blown - (blóun)
soplar
10. break - (bréik) broke - (bróuk) broken - (bróuken)
romper
11. bring - (bring) brought - (brot) brought - (brot) traer
12. build - (bild) built - (bilt) built - (bilt)
construir
13. buy - (bái) bought - (bot) bought - (bot)
comprar
14. catch - (cátch) caught - (cot) caught - (cot)
agarrar -coger
15. choose - (chúus) chose - (chóus) chosen - (chóusen) elegir
16. come - (cam) came - (kéim) come - (cam) venir
17. deal - (díil) dealt - (delt) dealt - (delt) tratar
18. do - (du) did - (did) done - (doon) hacer
19. draw - (dro) drew - (dru) drawn - (droon)
dibujar - atraer
20. drink - (drink) drank - (drank) drunk - (draank) beber
21. drive - (dráiv) drove - (dróuv) driven - (dríven)
conducer
22. eat - (íit) ate - (éit) eaten - (íten)
comer
23. fall - (fol) fell - (fel) fallen - (fólen) caer
24. feed - (fíid) fed - (fed) fed - (fed) dar
de comer
25. feel - (fíil) felt - (felt) felt - (felt) sentir
 26. fight - (fáit) fought - (fot) fought - (fot)
pelear
27. find - (fáind) found - (fáund) found - (fáund)
encontrar
28. fly - (flái) flew - (flu) flown - (flóun) volar
29. forget - (forguét) forgot - (forgót) forgotten - (forgóten)
olvidar
30. freeze - (fríis) froze - (fróus) frozen - (fróusen)
congelar
31. get - (guét) got - (got) got(ten) - (góten)
conseguir
32. give - (guív) gave - (guéiv) given - (guíven) dar
33. go - (góu) went - (uént) gone - (gón) ir
34. grow - (gróu) grew - (gru) grown - (gróun)
crecer
35. hang - (jang) hung - (jaang) hung - (jaang)
colgar
36. have - (jav) had - (jad) had - (jad) tener
37. hide - (jáid) hid - (jid) hidden - (jíden)
esconder
38. hit - (jit) hit - (jit) hit - (jit)
golpear
39. hold - (jóuld) held - (jeld) held - (jeld)
sostener - asir
40. keep - (kíip) kept - (kept) kept - (kept)
guardar
41. know - (nóu) knew - (niú) known - (nóun) saber
- conocer
42. lead - (líid) led - (led) led - (led) guiar
Simple Present Simple Past Past Participle
Meaning
43. lend - (lend) lent - (lent) lent - (lent) prestar
44. lose - (lúus) lost - (lost) lost - (lost) perder
45. make - (méik) made - (méid) made - (méid) hacer
46. mean - (míin) meant - (ment) meant - (ment)
significar
47. meet - (míit) met - (met) met - (met)
encontrarse con
48. pay - (péi) paid - (péid) paid - (péid) pagar
49. put - (put) put - (put) put - (put) poner
50. read - (ríid) read - (red) read - (red) leer
51. ride - (ráid) rode - (róud) ridden - (ríden) montar - andar
en
52. ring - (ring) rang - (rang) rung - (raang) sonar
53. run - (raan) ran - (ran) run - (raan) correr
54. say - (séi) said - (sed) said - (sed) decir
55. see - (síi) saw - (so) seen - (síin) ver
56. seek - (síik) sought - (sot) sought - (sot)
buscar
57. sell - (sel) sold - (sóuld) sold - (sóuld)
vender
58. shake - (shéik) shook - (shuk) shaken - (shéiken)
sacudir
59. shine - (sháin) shone - (shóun) shone - (shóun) brillar
60. shoot - (shút) shot - (shót) shot - (shot)
disparar
61. show - (shóu) showed - (shóud) shown - (shóun)
mostrar
62. shrink - (shrink) shrank - (shrank) shrunk - (shraank)
encogerse
63. sing - (sing) sang - (sang) sung - (saang)
cantar
64. sink - (sink) sank - (sank) sunk - (saank)
hundir
65. sit - (sit) sat - (sat) sat - (sat)
sentarse
66. sleep - (slíip) slept - (slept) slept - (slept)
dormir
67. speak - (spíik) spoke - (spóuk) spoken - (spóuken)
hablar
68. spend - (spend) spent - (spent) spent - (spent) gastar
69. stand - (stand) stood - (stúd) stood - (stúd) ponerse
(estar) de pie
70. steal - (stíil) stole - (stóul) stolen - (stóulen) robar
71. strike - (stráik) struck - (straak) struck - (straak)
golpear - pegar
72. swear - (suér) swore - (suór) sworn - (suórn) jurar
73. sweep - (suíip) swept - (suépt) swept - (suépt) barrer
74. swim - (suím) swam - (suám) swum - (suáam) nadar
75. take - (téik) took - (túk) taken - (téiken) llevar
- tomar
76. teach -(tíich) taught - (tot) taught - (tot)
enseñar
77. tell - (tel) told - (tóuld) told - (tóuld) decir
78. think - (zink) thought - (zot) thought - (zot)
pensar
79. throw - (zróu) threw - (zru) thrown - (zróun)
arrojar
80. understand - (-stánd) understood - (-stúd) understood - (-stúd)
entender
81. wear - (wer) wore - (wor) worn - (worn) usar
(ropa)
82. win - (win) won - (won) won - (won) ganar
Veamos un ejemplo con el verbo escribir “to write”:

I WROTE YO ESCRIBÍ

YOU WROTE TU ESCRIBISTE

HE WROTE EL ESCRIBIÓ

SHE WROTE ELLA ESCRIBIÓ

IT WROTE ESO ESCRIBIO

WE WROTE NOSOTROS ESCRIBIMOS

YOU WROTE USTEDES ESCRIBIERON

THEY WROTE ELLOS ESCRIBIERON

En la forma negativa también se usa el verbo auxiliar DID + NOT .

I DID NOT WRITE YO NO ESCRIBI

YOU DID NOT WRITE TU NO ESCRIBISTE

HE DID NOT WRITE EL NO ESCRIBIO

En elSHE DID NOT

interrogativo WRITE
usamos ELLA
un solo auxiliar “DID” . El signo (?)NO ESCRIBIO
al final:

IT DID NOT WRITE ESO NO ESCRIBIO

DID I WRITE? YO ESCRIBÍ?
WE DID NOT WRITE NO ESCRIBIMOS
DID YOU WRITE? TU ESCRIBISTE?
YOU DID NOT WRITE NO ESCRIBIERON
DID HE WRITE? ÉL ESCRIBIÓ?
THEY DID NOT WRITE NO ESCRIBIERON
DID SHE WRITE? ELLA ESCRIBIÓ?

DID IT WRITE? ESO / ESTO ESCRIBIÓ?

DID WE WRITE? NOS. ESCRIBIMOS?

SENTENCES USING IRREGULAR VERBS:

 I SAW MY SISTER YESTERDAY.

Yo ví a mi hermana ayer.

 WE WENT TO PIO PIO LAST WEEK.

Fuimos al Pio Pio la semana pasada.

 YOU DID NOT BUY SOME BREAD LAST NIGHT.

Tú no compraste algo de pan anoche.

 DID THEY DRINK EARLY?

¿Ellos bebieron temprano?

 HE WROTE (write) ALL NIGHT LONG.

Él escribió toda la noche.

 SHE DROVE (drive) CAREFULLY.

Ella manejó cuidadosamente.

YOUR TURN:
Write 5 past sentences telling what you did yesterday:
  I wanted to go Grandmother home.

 My sister apologized for not calling.

 I nearly cried when I heard my mother voice.

 My husband bought a new computer yesterday.

 Did you make a new friend?

1- Cook
My sister and I cooked dinner on Sunday.

2- Wash my car
He quickly washed my car.

3- Fix my bicycle
My neighbor fixed my bicycle.

4- Brush my teeth
I brushed my teeth every morning.

5- Watch TV
Aymar watched TV in her bedroom.
6- Type
She typed a message to him.

7- Dance
We danced to the music.

8- Bake
My sister baked bread.

9- Clean
My son cleaned your room and changed the linens.

10- Play
The children played in the swimming pool.

11- Play the Piano

My teacher and I played the Piano for hours at a time.

12- Yawn
Zach stirred and yawned, the tiny hands opening in a stretch.

13- Listen to music

I listened to music and your advice.

14- Shave
Every morning she shaved him with an electric razor.

15- Smile
The girl smiled and took it.
16- Cry
I cried out and my throat suddenly blazed in sharp pain.

17- Study
He studied her face with amused eyes.

18- Shout
The police officer shouted to the men.

19- Rest
He rested his elbows on his knees.

20- Plant flowers

My neighbor planted flowers in your garden.

21- Wait for the bus

Priscilla waited for the bus in the school.

Time Expressions
 Yesterday * Last week
 Yesterday morning * Last weekend
 Yesterday afternoon * Last summer(winter, spring, etc)
 Yesterday evening * Few minutes ago
 Last night * Few hours ago
 Last month * Ten minutes ago

Change the following sentences into Past in Negative using DID NOT
1. We (buy) a new car on Tuesday.
Didn't we bought a new car on Tuesday?

2. Mandy (do) her homework yesterday.

Didn't Mandy did her homework yesterday?

3. You (meet) Jane

Didn't you met Jane?

4. They (go) to London

Didn't they went to London?

5. I (play) football last month.

Didn't I played football last month?

6. Jill (visit) in London last year.

Didn't Jill visited in London last year?

7. Fred (give) you this ring.

Didn't Fred gave you this ring?

8. We (visit) them last summer

Didn't we visited them last summer?