Instructional Terminology

Graphic Design
10.0200.30

A BMP​ - A bitmap image file or that is a raster (pixels) graphics

image file format used to store bitmap digital images
Additive Color​ - Digital colors seen in screen-based media
Body Copy​ – The main part of any printed material
Adjustment Layer​ - Tool that adds color and tonal
adjustments to an image without permanently changing the Border​ – The edge of a page that forms the outer boundary
pixels of original image.
Brainstorming​ - Gathering a list of ideas spontaneously
Analogous Colors​ - Grouping of colors that are adjacent to
one another on the color wheel

Art​ – The expression of what is beautiful or appealing C

according to aesthetic principles Camera RAW​ - See RAW

Ascender​ - The stem of lowercase letters (such as k, b, and Cap Height​ - The height of a capital letter in a typeface​.
d) that ascenders above the x-height of the other lowercase
letters in a typeface Cloud​ - A storage method where data is stored on remote
servers and can be accessed via the internet
Asymmetrical​ – Not identical on both sides of a central line
CMYK​ - Subtractive color process. Use in printing process

Color​ - The element of art that is produced by light being

B reflected off of an object.
Background​ – Part of a page or image that is in the back
Commercial​ – Pertaining to commerce – selling or marketing
Backlit​ - ​Illuminated from behind
Complementary Color Scheme​ - Pairing of colors that are
Balance​ - Relationship of objects’ visual weight within a opposites on the color wheel
composition
Copyright​ - The exclusive right to a publication, literary,
Baseline​ - ​The imaginary line on which the characters in a dramatic, musical or artistic work. The copyright to an ad is
typeface rest. generally owned by the advertiser, and a copyright symbol

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plus the year of publication must appear on the ad DSLR​ - (Digital Single Lens Reflex) a camera that combines a
digital image sensor with single lens reflex optics
Content influencers​ - Is the practice of engaging internal and
industry experts with active ​ typography, It specifically is ​tworks
to help achieve measurable business goals. Essentially
partnering with a person (influencer) who has a large network
E
Elements​ - Line, shape, form, texture, pattern, color, space,
of people online who follow them and through your influencer
value, and size
and their blog, twitter, instagram, snapchat, etc, help promote
a product for a company
Emphasis​ - Amount of importance given to visual elements
Contrast​ - Differentiation of elements within a composition
Emerging technologies​ -Continue development of
(size value etc.) Creating in a design, the differences between
technology in areas such as media, business, science and
color, value, texture, etc.
education.
Creative Commons​ - A licence that enables the free
distribution of otherwise copyrighted work. EPS​ ​-​ Encapsulated Postscript - An EPS file extension is
a graphics file format used in vector-based images.

D
Descender​ - ​The part of a lowercase letter that dips below the F
baseline, such as y,p,q. Fair Use​ - Allows a small portion of copyrighted material to be
used without permission
Design​ – The form and structure of a work
Flexography​ -​ Used for printing on non-porous substrates
Digital printing​ - Best for short run printing. Uses electrostatic including plastic, metallic films, cellophane, and paper,
rollers—called “drums”—to apply toner onto the paper required for various types of food packaging.

Display​ - Typefaces that are more decorative often Focus group​ - A group of people assembled to provide
representing a specific mood or theme. Better used as titles opinions and feedback regarding a particular product or
(large) and difficult to read as body copy (small). (Example: concept
Rosewood)
Footnote​ – A note at the bottom of an article
DPI ​- Dots per inch
Form​ - The visual shape or configuration of an object

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 permission of the copyright owner
G
Graphic Design​ – Visual communication that combines Imposition​ - Part of the pre-press printing process in which
images, words, and ideas to convey information, a message. proper arrangement of pages takes place on the printer’s
sheet so as to obtain faster printing, minimize waste and
Gravure​ - An image is applied to a printing substrate by use of simplify binding
a metal plate mounted on a cylinder. The image to be
reproduced is etched into metal plate, and bathed in ink during Internet ​- A global computer network which provides
the process and then wiped clean before application to the information while utilizing similar communications protocols
substrate

Grayscale​ - Image composed of varying shades of gray from

black as the weakest to white as the strongest J
JPEG​ - (Joint Photographic Experts Group) A format used for
compressing image files. The most common file extension
used for saving graphics. The drawback of JPEG files is that
H they lose quality the more they are opened and resaved
Heading Caption​ – A heading is a title and the caption gives
more information underneath the title.

Hex color​ - Color is specified according to the intensity of its K

red, green and blue components each represented by eight Kerning​ - The space between individual characters
bits. There are 24 bits used to specify a web color and
16777216 colors that may be so specified.
L
Hierarchy​ - The arrangement or presentation of elements in a L*a*b​ - Lightness, red green value, blue yellow value, color
way that implies importance by utilizing contrast in size, color space
and placement. Layer Mask - Non-destructive editing tool that allows you to
selectively modify the transparency of the layer it belongs to
Hue ​- The name of a color; that is red or green blue or yellow
Leading​ - The space between baselines of a typeface

I Legal size​ (paper) - This size measures ​8.5 inches x 14

Infringement​ - When a copyrighted work is used without the inches

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Lens hood​ – a protective device for the lens of a camera
N
Letter size​ (paper) - ​8.5 inches by 11.0 inches which is the Non-destructive​ - A method of editing that allow changes
standard US Letter size paper without changing the original image​.

Lighting stand​ – A stand to support a light

O
Line​ - ​A mark that spans a distance between two points Offset printing​ - Best suited for higher volume printing. Uses
etched metal plates that apply ink onto a sheet of paper
Logo​ – A graphic representation or symbol of a company
OSHA​ - Occupational Safety and Health Administration is the
Lossy​ - A mathematical formula for image compression. federal agency that protects workers in the US.

Lossless​ - Compression of data without loss of information Operating System​ - often shortened to “OS”, the software
that supports a computer’s basic functions such as running
LPI​ - Lines per inch - how many lines of dots are in one inch. applications and controlling peripherals such as Windows, Mac
OS X and Linux

M
Malware​ - Software that is designed to damage or disable P
computers and/or networks Paper swatch​ - Allows printer or designer to see a wide
variety of paper samples in a single book.
Mock-up​ - Used to give the client a vision of a final design on
a product. Usaly used in product design Parent size​ - When your project requires trimming, it will be
printed on a larger sheet and then trimmed down to the
Monochromatic​ - A monochromatic color scheme uses only a desired size. This larger sheet is known as the Parent sheet
single hue (color) and its shades, tints and tones.
Pattern​ - Repeated visual element within a given area
Movement​ - Flow that leads viewer’s eye from one element to
another within a composition Phishing​ - The fraudulent practice of sending emails
purporting to be from reputable sources in order to obtain
personal information or end users

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Pixels​ - A square unit of light or color that makes up bitmap
images on a computer screen. Short for Picture Element R
Ransomware​ - A malicious software designed to damage,
Pixelation​ - When a bitmap image is displayed at such a large limit or block access to a computer or program until a sum of
size that individual pixels are visible money is paid

Point and shoot​ - A camera that does not require manual Raster​ - Made up of pixels and cannot be scaled up in size
adjustment of shutter speed, focus etc. without losing resolution

Ppi​ - Refers to the number of pixels there are in an inch of a RAW​ - A raw file is a collection of unprocessed data. This
bitmap image. The higher the number the better the quality means the file has not been altered, compressed, or
and resolution of the image. manipulated in any way by the computer. A popular type of
raw file is "Camera RAW," which is generated by a digital
Preflighting​ - The process of checking if the digital data camera
required to print a design/project accurately and completely is
present and valid Registered trademark​ - A symbol that precedes a word or
symbol and is legally certified by the government
Principles​ - Contrast, repetition, alignment, proximity,
hierarchy, balance, movement, emphasis, harmony, and unity Research​ - Who is the target market? Who are the
competitors? What is that industry like as a whole?
Print substrate​ - The base material onto which an image or
text is to be printed RGB​ - A​dditive​ ​color model​ in which ​red​, ​green​ and ​blue​ light
are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array
Proprietary rights​ - The rights of a company to sell a product, of colors on digital outputs
or allow others to sell a product, based on a particular idea or
design. Rough​ - A more detailed thumbnail sketch that is drawn up to
the actual size of the final work.

Royalty free​ - A copyrighted item or piece of intellectual

Q property that can be used without paying royalty fees
Quality Assurance​ - Maintenance of a desired level of quality
throughout every stage of the design process

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 Smart Object​ - ​enabling you to perform nondestructive editing
S to a layer while preserving an image's source content with all
Sans Serif - Typefaces with more simple geometric form its original characteristics, .
characterized ​by a lack of serifs. (Example: Helvetica)
Space​ - The area provided for a particular purpose
Scaling​ - To change the size of an object or image
Split-Complementary ​- Grouping of a color with the two
Screen printing​ - A process of creating print designs by using colors adjacent to its complementary color from the color
a single or set of mesh screens acting as stencils with ink wheel.
being pushed through the screen in selective areas​.
Spot color​ - A color printed using a single run
Script​ - Typefaces characterized by the appearance of being
hand-written with characters that often connect with each Strobe​ – A strobe light is for intermittent lighting
other. (Example: Mistral)
Subtractive Color​ - Mixing of a limited set of dyes inks paint
Sequence of movement in design​ – How your eye is led pigments or natural colorants to create a wider range of colors
from one area of a design to another
SVG​ - Scalable vector graphics, open standard (not software
Serif​ - Typefaces characterized by a counterstroke at the end specific)
of each character's main stroke. (Example: Times New
Roman)

Service mark​ - A legally registered name used like a

T
trademark to distinguish an organization Tabloid size​ (paper) - This size ​measures 432 x 279 mm or
17 x 11 inches
Shade​ - A color in which black has been added to a pure
color. Tagline​ - A phrase or catchword that becomes identified with
something specific
Shape​ - The general outline of a geometric or organic object.
Simplicity - absence of complexity used to create a visually Thermography​ - ​The piece is printed and while the ink is still
appealing composition. wet, resin is sprinkled and exposed to heat. The resin and ink
fuse together, raising the lettering in an effect that’s similar to
Size​ - Scale of objects within a composition engraving for a fraction of the cost

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Thumbnail sketch​ - Small, quick sketches that are used to
explore a number of design ideas W
Web analytics​ - A generic term meaning the study of the
TIFF​ - Lossless compression format that allows you to impact of websites and its users
maintain the integrity of a raster graphic (bitmap). Universal
file format Web offset printing​ - A form of offset printing using a
continuous roll of paper fed through a printer with the pages
Tint​ - A color in which white has been added to a pure color being cut and separated after printing. Typically used for
high-volume publications.
Tracking​ - Uniformly manages the space between all letters in
terms of text. Wireframe​ - A visual representation of a user interface used to
define a hierarchy of stripped of any visual design or branding
Trademark​ - A name. symbol, letter, word or mark used by a elements.
manufacturer or business to designate specific goods. A
trademark is proprietary.
X
Typography​ - The arrangement of esthetics of letter forms X-height​ - ​Traditionally, x-height is the height of the
lower-case letter x. As a general rule, it is the height of the
body of lowercase letters in a font, excluding the ascenders
U and descender.
Unity​ - Ability of various graphic elements to form a cohesive
whole

UX​ - Process of improving user satisfaction through usability,

accessibility, and desirability, of a product.

V
Value​ - Refers to the level of luminosity—lightness or
darkness—of a color

Vector​ - The use of points lines curves and shapes to

represent images. Scalable to any size

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