MODULE 13

Understanding Culture, Society and Politics

HUMAN CULTURAL EVOLUTION

Author: Mary Grace F. Alano

Grade Level
Illustrators: Jhucel A. del Rosario

11/12
Michael Joseph A. Lapid
Renato D. Ruz, Jr.
Layout Artist: Felipe Ryan S. Duatin
UCSP SELF-LEARNING KIT

Self-Learning Module for Grade 11/12

SOCIAL SCIENCE
13
UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

Hello, our dear student! Welcome…

I’m Teacher Victoria

I’m Teacher Kenneth

Are you ready to BEGIN your

journey with this module?
Well, it’s time to TAKE STEPS to your
quest for KNOWLEDGE. Have FUN!

ENGAGE with the Module

Here are some reminders as you use this module:

 Use the module with care especially in turning each page.
 Be reminded to answer the Pre-Test before moving on to the
Self-Learning Kit (SLK) Proper.
 Read and comprehend the directions in every exercise.
 Observe honesty in answering the tests and exercises and in
checking your answers.
 Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of this material.
 Try to finish a given activity before proceeding to the next.
 MODULE 13
ESTABLISH Your Purpose

What can you expect to find in this module?

You will discover specific tasks which will test your
knowledge and understanding of the topic discussed in
this module.

In

This module serves as a self-learning material to guide

you in understanding target competency expected in
the curriculum.

UCSP 11/12BMS 1e-12

Trace the biological and cultural evolution of early to modern

humans.
You will find that the presented activities / exercises and texts
are developed in order to meet the following objectives:

Objective 1

Identify the cultural evolution of man in the Stone Age and Metal Age.

Objective 2

Create a timeline of human cultural evolution.

Objective 3

Value the transformation of human in adapting to his/her

environment.
EXPLORE What You Know

PRE-TEST. Read the following items carefully.

Shade the circle that corresponds to the letter of
your answer.

1. The cultural evolution of man has three remarkable era. Which of the
following has the correct order of these era?

A. Age of Metal, Neolithic Period, Paleolithic Period

B. Neolithic Period, Paleolithic Period, Age of Metal
C. Paleolithic Period, Age of Metal, Neolithic Period
D. Paleolithic Period, Neolithic Period, Age of Metal

2. In the early stage, human move from one place to another. As they
transform and adapt their environment, they learn to have permanent
settlement. Of what period does the permanent settlement of human
occurs?

A. Age of Bronze
B. Age of Copper
C. Neolithic Period
D. Paleolithic Period

3. Each era has a significant cultural development such as the use of fire in
Paleolithic period, the domestication of plants and animals in the Neolithic
Period, and the use of metal in the age of Metal. Thus, the Age of Metal
was known as:

A. Agricultural Revolution
B. Metal Civilization
C. Stone Revolution
D. Rise of Civilization
 MODULE 13
EXPLORE What You Know

4. In the Neolithic period, the Cro Magnon disappeared and the new people
which is considered the modern man appeared, which of the following
were the accomplishment of human during this period?

A. Live in a cave
B. Used unpolished stone tools
C. Used metals to upgrade tools
D. Domesticate plants and animals

5. There were three metals distinguished in the Age of Metals. Which of the
following were the first known metal in this period?

A. Aluminum
B. Bronze
C. Copper
D. Iron

Before you proceed to your journey,

CHECK your answers using the key to corrections
found at the last page of this module.
Thank you for your PATIENCE and HONESTY.
EMPOWER Your Skills

WELCOME to the heart of this module.

I, Teacher Victoria, with Teacher Kenneth,
will be with you every step of the way.
Have a happy journey.
In

WORKSHOP

Make an outline of Cultural Evolution of Human,

using a Bar Timeline. Choose the answer in the Word
Box below.

Age of Metal (4000 B.C – 1500 B.C)

Modern Man Neolithic (10, 000 B.C.)
________________ Homo Sapiens Palaeolithic (2.5
________________ Sapiens million years ago)
________________
________________ ________________ Homo Erectus to
________________ ________________ Homo Sapiens
________________ ________________ ________________
________________ ________________ ________________
________________ ________________ ________________
________________ ________________ ________________
________________ ________________ ________________
________________ ________________
________________ ________________
________________ ________________
________________
________________
 MODULE 13
EMPOWER Your Skills

WORD BOX

Used of polished stone tools Us Hunting and gathering

Used of unpolished stone tools Nomadic
Used of metal as tools and weapons Permanent settlement
•
• Agricultural revolution
• Architecture
Rise of civilization
ls and weapons
-Architecture
-Rise of civilization
EMPOWER Your Skills

THINK IT OVER!

Read carefully and answer the following questions. Write your answer on
the space provided.

1. What are the different stages in the cultural development of human?

The three stages in the human cultural development are____________

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

2. How does human grow culturally, socially, and politically in Paleolithic

Period? Neolithic Period? Age of Metal?

In Paleolithic period, human are _______________________________

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
In Neolithic period they are, ___________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
And in the Age of Metal, human are ____________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.
 MODULE 13
EMPOWER Your Skills

3. From being nomadic and hunter-gatherer, the early humans learned to

settle in villages and domesticate plants and animals? Why do you think
human were able to improve their knowledge and skills?

I think human were able to improve their knowledge and skills because
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

4. Why do you think people need a transformation or evolution to adapt to

his/her environment?
People need to evolve and adapt his environment to________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________.

5. As a human, how did you progressed? List down at least five things that
you can’t do 10 years ago, and the things that you can do at present.

10 years ago, I CANNOT At Present, I CAN

Great job! Thank you for your responses.

Your learning experience has just started.
We hope you are ready to EXPLORE more!
EMPOWER Your Skills

HUMAN CULTURAL EVOLUTION

It is a saying that “human has no
contentment”. As the environment change,
we continuously grow and find ways to make
less effort as we live. It is very evident in the
different stages of human cultural evolution:
ON FOCUS Palaeolithic Period, Neolithic Period, and
Age of Metal.
The term “Palaeolithic” was coined by
archaeologist John Lubbock in 1865. It
derives from Greek word, palaios, which
means "old"; and, lithos, "stone", In short,
the Palaeolithic Period, which has happened
2.5 million years ago, is also known as
"Old Stone Age".
In the Palaeolithic period, the Earth
was extremely cold and ocean levels were
much lower than they are now. Due to the
Hello our dear student cold climate, much of the Stone Age is also
called the Ice Age.
In this part of your
journey, We provide
something for you to
read to deepen your
understanding about
the topic.

Please do it with
comprehension to During these years, people were
discover knowledge nomads and able to use simple tools and
that will help you out in weapons made of unpolished stone. The
dealing with the next
caves serves as their shelter.
phase of your quest.
Similarly, this was the time when people
discovered to use the fire, through the use of
HAPPY READING!
stone, for their protection against cold
temperature.
 MODULE 13
EMPOWER Your Skills

And later on, to cook their food.

Human being in this time were grouped
together in small societies such as bands, and
subsisted by gathering plants and fishing,
hunting or scavenging wild animals.

Also in this era, according to study of Dr.

Jesus T. Peralta of NCCA, respect is given to
age, and individual prowess and ability are
recognized. There are no leaders that could
be said to be above everybody else and whose commands are obeyed without
question. In some cases, one who is known for good decisions is consulted
when a problem arises; or well-known hunter will be asked to lead a hunting
group.
Likewise, the term “Neolithic” also comes from the same archaeologist
and from the Greek word “neo” which means new and “lithos” meaning stone or
in short, the “New Stone Age” which was happened for about 10,000 B.C.
In this period, the Cro Magnon disappeared and the new people which is
considered the modern man appeared.

The Neolithic Revolution which is also called the First Agricultural

Revolution was the wide-scale transition of many human cultures during
the Neolithic period from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one
of agriculture and settlement, which made them increases their population.
They depend on domesticated plants and animals. They learned to create such
crafts as pottery and weaving. They developed boat as means of transportation
and also, for fishing.
From being nomads during the early stage, human began to developed
a sedentary type of society of which they built-up villages and towns.
EMPOWER Your Skills

Furthermore, they were never been

contented of their accomplishments. They keep
on discovering things for their own
convenience. So, they have discovered metals,
and they gradually abandoned stone as the
basic element for their instrument and tools.
This period was known as Age of Metals
(4000 B.C – 1500 B.C). The used of metal such as
bronze, copper, and iron produced a new
historical development from the cradle
civilization of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia
including the India, and China which later on spread throughout Asia.
There were three stages distinguished within this Age due to the different
types of metals that were used: The Copper Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron
Age; copper was the first known metal, it is of a low hardness and it was used
to make ornaments; bronze is an alloy of copper and tin and it is harder and
stronger than copper. Several eastern Mediterranean
peoples discovered this metallurgy and progressed rapidly.
During this age, agricultural tools were developed
with bronze, such as plows and sickles, military weapons
like swords, spears and shields, as well as household
utensils like jars, bowls and cups. Likewise, a more
developed social, cultural, political, and economic system
were improved. Tribes, empires, and state were recognized
at this point.

PALAEOLITHI NEOLITHIC
METAL AGE
C AGE AGE

Unpolished Polished stone Use of

stone tools tools metals
Domestication Tribe,
Hunting and of plants and empires, and
gathering animals state

Nomadic way Living in

permanent Civilization
of living places

ON FOCUS
 MODULE 13
EMPOWER Your Skills

I CAN DO THIS

Complete the table. Identify the cultural evolution of man in Paleolithic

Period, Neolithic Period, and Age of Metal

CULTURAL PALAEOLITHIC NEOLITHIC AGE OF METAL

EVOLUTION
Tools/Weapon

Shelter

Food Collecting

Main
Accomplishment
EMPOWER Your Skills

How was your learning experience so far?

We hope that you had a great journey.
We believe that you did it well!
In

I WILL SURVIVE!

Fill-in the blanks.

As a human being, I understand that people need to change to survive. Hence,

I will try to ___________, ___________, and ____________ to continuously
grow as a student.
 MODULE 13
ENHANCE Your Understanding

POST TEST
Read the following items carefully. Shade the
circle that corresponds to the letter of your
answer.

1. During the earliest stage of human cultural evolution, people were

nomadic, so they hunt and gather foods. As they learn to make a
sedentary lifestyle in the Neolithic period. Which statement tells the
accomplishment of human in the Neolithic period?

A. Live in a cave
B. Used unpolished stone tools
C. C. Used metals to upgrade tools
D. Domesticate plants and animals

2. The Age of Metal, produced a new historical development from the cradle
civilization of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia including the India, and China
which later on spread throughout Asia. Which type of metal were the
earliest known by human?

A. Aluminum
B. Bronze
C. Copper
D. Iron

3. There are three notable stages in the human cultural evolution. Which
statement tells the correct timeline of these evolution?

A. Age of Metal, Neolithic Period, Paleolithic Period

B. Neolithic Period, Paleolithic Period, Age of Metal
C. Paleolithic Period, Age of Metal, Neolithic Period
D. Paleolithic Period, Neolithic Period, Age of Metal
ENHANCE Your Understanding

4. From being nomads during the early stage, human began to developed
a sedentary type of society of which they built-up villages and towns. In
which era have these evolution happens?

A. Age of Bronze
B. Age of Copper
C. Neolithic Period
D. Paleolithic Period

5. The most significant evolution in Paleolithic period is when people

discovered the use of fire. In the Neolithic period is when human learned
to domesticate plants and animals, which is known to be the First
Agricultural Revolution. In the Age of Metal is the discovery of people in
using metal as their tools, thus, the Age of Metal is identified as:

A. Agricultural Revolution
B. Metal Civilization
C. Stone Revolution
D. Rise of Civilization

GREAT JOB!
CHECK your answers using the key to
corrections found at the last page of this module.
Thank you for your HONESTY.

In
 MODULE 13
ENHANCE Your Understanding

PERFORMANCE CHECK

PERFORMANCE CHECK

Happy face with two thumbs-up if you got three to

five (3-5) in the post test. CONGRATULATIONS!
You may now proceed to your next journey with
another module.

Sad face if you got two and below in the post test.
You need to study the whole lesson and take the
EXTEND Your Learning Activity.

You are now ready to take a lift on to the next

part of your journey. We hope what you have
learned in the previous parts of this material
eventually help you face new task. BEST OF LUCK.

In
EXTEND Your Learning

QUOTE MINUS TWO

Write the two missing word to complete the quote.

CHARLES DARWIN
 MODULE 13
ANSWER KEY

THAT WAS GREAT!

To know how well you made it, take a look
on the correct answers below.
In

PRE-TEST

1. D. Paleolithic Period, Neolithic Period, Age of Metal

2. C. Neolithic Period
3. D. Rise of Civilization
4. D. Domesticate plants and animals
5. C. Copper

Post Test

1. D. Domesticate plants and animals

2. C. Copper
3. D. Paleolithic Period, Neolithic Period, Age of Metal
4. C. Neolithic Period
5. D. Rise of Civilization
ANSWER KEY

I CAN DO THIS

Age of Metal (4000 B.C – 1500 B.C)

Modern Man Neolithic (10, 000 B.C.)
Homo Sapiens Palaeolithic (2.5
-Used of metal as
Sapiens million years ago)
tools and weapons
-Architecture -Permanent Homo Erectus to
settlement Homo Sapiens
-Rise of civilization -Nomadic
- Used of polished
stone tools -Used of unpolished
-Agricultural stone tools
revolution -Hunting and
gathering

THINK IT OVER!
1. The different stages in the cultural and socio-political development of
human are the Paleolithic Period or the Old Stone Age, Neolithic Period
or the New Stone Age, and the Age of Metal.
**Answers in number 2-5 may vary.

I CAN DO THIS
CULTURAL PALAEOLITHI NEOLITHIC AGE OF
EVOLUTION C METAL
Tools/Weapon Unpolished Polished Stone Metal
Stone
Housing caves villages villages
Food Collecting Hunting and Domestication Farming
gathering of plants and
animals
Main Accomplishment Use of fire Agricultural Use of different
Revolution types of metals;
Civilization

I WILL SURVIVE
**Answers may vary.
QUOTE MINUS TWO
“It is not the strongest species that survive, nor the most intelligent that survives.
It is the one that is most adaptable to change”