1

Papal Encyclicals
Encyclical (Latin: Litterae Encyclicae)—According to its etymology, an encyclical
(from the Greek enkuklios, kuklos meaning a circle) is nothing more than a circular
letter. A “circular letter” is a letter sent to a closed group of people with the
intention being widely circulated to inform about important matters

Initially Presented
August 18, 2018
2
Encyclical Overview
Overview
Magisterium
Selection
 To Our Venerable Brethren the To the Venerable Brethren, To the Bishops, Priests, Religious,
Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops,
Bishops, and other Ordinaries having Bishops and other Local Ordinaries the Faithful, and to all men of
Grace and Communion with the enjoying Peace and Communion good will
Apostolic See with the Apostolic See
Pope Leo XIII 1891 Pope Pius XI 1930 Pope Paul VI 1967
Octobri Mense Casti Connubii Popularum Progressio
On the Rosary On Christian Marriage On the Development of Peoples

To the Bishops, Priests and

Deacons, Consecrated

3
Persons, and the Lay Faithful
Pope Francis 2013
Encyclical
Lumen Fidei
On the Light of Faith
Salutations
To the Bishops of the Catholic To the Bishops, Priests and
Deacons, Men and Women
Church religious, lay Faithful, and all
People of Good Will
Pope John Paul II 1998
Fides et Ratio Pope John Paul II 1995
Evangelium Vitae
On Faith and Reason Of Human Life
4 Encyclicals issued 1740 to 2018
Number of Encyclicals Issued by Pope
90
81
80
70
60
50
41
38
40
30
30
20 16
13 14
12
9 8
10 6 7
4 3 3
2 1 1 2
0

1740 1758 1769 1775 1800 1823 1829 1831 1846 1878 1903 1914 1922 1939 1958 1963 1978 2005 2013
─1758 ─1769 ─1774 ─1799 ─1823 ─1829 ─1830 ─1846 ─1878 ─1903 ─1914 ─1922 ─1939 ─1958 ─1963 ─1978 ─2005 ─2013 ─____
 Range of • Rites
General & • Nations, other Religions
specific
5
topics Churches • Practices (celibacy, usury, training, etc.)
• Relationships

Tone
Exhort • Marian Doctrine & Rosary, May/October
Faith & • Trinity, Eucharist, Faith/Hope/Charity
Commemorate Virtues • Marriage, Family, Human Life
• Catechesis, errors, heresies, reason
Condemn
Guide
• Evils of the day, Persecutions
• Socialism, Communism, Fascism
Praise Social • Democracy, Capitalism, Materialism
Order
• Labor, Slavery, Rights, Justice
Proclaim
• Education, Modernism, Evolution
Request
Style • Church Fathers, Great Saints
• Missionary
Warnings & Inspiration
Condemnations
Instruct & Apply • Holy Years, Indulgences
• Previous Church Practices
•Before Leo XIII (1875) •Leo XIII to Francis
6 How are we to receive an encyclical?

 “In modern times, the encyclical letter has been the instrument for popes to
express their most important teaching….This teaching has lasting
importance and value for the Church, and often for the whole world.”1
 “Mindful of Christ's words to his apostles: "He who hears you, hears me",49
the faithful receive with docility the teachings and directives that their
pastors give them in different forms.”2
 Credo: I believe in One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church:
 The Church is apostolic. She is built on a lasting foundation: "the twelve apostles
of the Lamb" (Rev 21:14). She is indestructible (cf. Mt 16:18). She is upheld infallibly
in the truth: Christ governs her through Peter and the other apostles, who are
present in their successors, the Pope and the college of bishops. 3
 “The task of interpreting the Word of God authentically has been entrusted
solely to the Magisterium of the Church, that is, to the Pope and to the
bishops in communion with him.”4
 Magisterium—the living teaching
7
office of the Church
Overview
Magisterium
Selection
8 God comes to meet man:
transmission of Divine Revelation
Magisterium
 God reveals Himself speaking to Adam,
Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses,
David, and the prophets.
 Sacred Scripture records those words—
images of God’s voice to man—his word,
Divine fulfilled in the Word—Jesus Christ, the
Revelation perfect image of the Father.5
 “Christ the Lord…command[s] the
apostles to preach the Gospel…the
Sacred
Tradition Revelation of the most high God…
Scripture
fulfilled in his own person and
promulgated with his own lips.”6
9 Divine Revelation continued in
Tradition, in the Holy Spirit

 The apostles handed on what they

received—first from the lips and
example of Christ and later from the
promptings of the Holy Spirit
 They preached, set examples, wrote,
established institutions
 They left bishops as their successors
 This living transmission, accomplished in
the Holy Spirit, is Tradition.7

An artist’s impression of St
Paul commissioning Timothy
10 Magisterium: Interpreting the Word of
God
 Interpreting the Word of God, whether in written
form or in the form of Tradition, is entrusted to the
Magisterium, the Pope and the bishops in
communion with him.8
 No new revelation: The Magisterium is a servant of
the Word of God, teaching only what has been
handed on
 Church councils and documents
 Father’s of the Church
 Papal communications
In a 19th-century illustration, Pope Pius IX
 Angelus / Regina Coeli / Apostolic Constitutions / convenes the First Vatican Council on Dec. 8,
Apostolic Exhortations / Apostolic Letters 1869, in St. Peter's Basilica. (Credit: RNS.)
 Audiences / Books / Encyclicals / Homilies /
Jubilee / Motu Proprio / Prayers / Speeches
 All encyclicals cite Church council documents,
Church Fathers, prior papal communications—
including encyclicals—forming one continuous
line of teaching
11
Selection of an Encyclical to Study
18th/19th/20th/21st Centuries
12 Relevant Encyclicals: 21st&20th Centuries
 Lumen Fidei (Light of Faith)
❖ Pope Francis, June 29, 2013
 Deus Caritas Est (God is Love)
❖ Pope Benedict XVI, December 25, 2005
 Redemptoris Missio (On Evangelization)
❖ Pope John Paul II, December 7, 1990
 Humanae Vitae (On the Regulation of
Human Births)
❖ Pope Paul VI, July 25, 1968
 Pacem In Terris (Peace on Earth)
❖ Pope John XXIII, April 11, 1963
13 Relevant Encyclicals: 20th Century
 Deiparae Virginis Mariae
(On the possibility of defining the Assumption as
a Dogma of the Church)
❖ Pope Pius XII, May 1, 1956
 Mystici Corporis Christi (Mystical Body of
Christ)
❖ Pope Pius XII, June 29, 1943
 Casti Connubii (On Christian Marriage)
❖ Pope Pius XI, December 31, 1930
 In Praeclara Summorum (On Dante)
❖ Pope Benedict XV, April 30, 1921
14 Relevant Encyclicals:
Turn of 19th Century
 Pascendi Dominici Gregis (On Modernist
Doctrine)
❖ Pope Pius X, September 8, 1907
 Ad Diem Illum Laetissimum (On the
Immaculate Conception)
❖ Pope Pius X, February 2, 1904
 Rerum Novarum (On Capital and Labor)
❖ Pope Leo XIII, May 15, 1891
 Diuturnum (On the Origin of Civil Power)
❖ Pope Leo XIII, June 29, 1881
15 Relevant Encyclicals:
18th Century
 Ubi Primum (On the Immaculate
Conception)
❖ Pope Pius IX, February 2, 1849
 Cum Summi (Draw on Scripture and
Tradition)
❖ Pope Clement XIV, December 12, 1769
 Ubi Primum (Duties of Bishops)
❖ Pope Benedict XIV, December 3, 1740
16
Appendices
Encyclical Listing, Line of Popes, Church Council Listing, Line of Church
Fathers
17
Listing: 291 Encyclicals
1740 to 2015 AD
18 Encyclicals: 1740 to 1832 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
1 Benedict XIV Ubi Primum Duties of Bishops 1740 Christianae On...Anti-Christian
2 Benedict XIV Quanta Cura Traffic in Alms 1741 18 Clement XIII Reipublicae, Writings 1766
Validity of On the Church in
3 Benedict XIV Nimiam Licentiam Marriages 1743 19 Clement XIII Summa quae, Poland 1768
4 Benedict XIV Vix Pervenit On Usury 1745 Decet quam On Abuses in Taxes
On Marriage 20 Clement XIV maxime & Benefices 1769
5 Benedict XIV Magnae Nobis Impediments 1748 Proclaiming a
6 Benedict XIV Peregrinantes 1750: Holy Year 1749 21 Clement XIV Cum Summi Universal Jubilee 1769
Apostolica Preparation for Inscrutabili Divinae Proclaiming a
7 Benedict XIV Constitutio Holy Year 1749 22 Clement XIV Sapientiae Universal Jubilee 1769
8 Benedict XIV A Quo Primum Jews and Christians 1751 Proclaiming a
9 Benedict XIV Cum Religiosi On Catechesis 1754 23 Clement XIV Salutis nostrae Universal Jubilee 1774
Mohammedan On the Problems of
10 Benedict XIV Quod Provinciale Names 1754 24 Pius VI Inscrutabile the Pontificate 1775
Observance of On the Civil Oath in
11 Benedict XIV Allatae Sunt Oriental Rites 1755 25 Pius VI Charitas France 1791
12 Benedict XIV Ex Quo On the Euchologion 1756 On a Return to
On the Ap.Const. 26 Pius VII Diu satis. Gospel Principles 1800
13 Benedict XIV Ex Omnibus Unigenitus 1756 Proclaiming a
On Unity among 27 Leo XII Quod hoc ineunte Universal Jubilee 1824
14 Clement XIII A quo die, Christians 1758 On His Assuming
On Observing 28 Leo XII Ubi primum the Pontificate 1824
15 Clement XIII Cum primum, Canonical Sanctions 1759 Extending Jubilee to
On the Spiritual 29 Leo XII Charitate Christi Entire Church 1825
Advantages of On His Program for
16 Clement XIII Appetente Sacro, Fasting 1759 30 Pius VIII Traditi humilitati. the Pontificate 1829
On Instruction in Summo iugiter On Mixed
17 Clement XIII In Dominico agro, the Faith 1761 31 Gregory XVI studio Marriages 1832
32 Gregory XVI Cum primum On Civil Obedience 1832
19 Encyclicals: 1832 to 1863 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
On Liberalism & On the Persecution
33 Gregory XVI Mirari vos Indifferentism 1832 48 Pius IX Neminem vestrum. of the Armenians 1854
On the 'Pragmatic On the Cath.
34 Gregory XVI Quo graviora Constitution' 1833 University of
On the Errors of 49 Pius IX Optime noscitis. Ireland 1854
35 Gregory XVI Singulari nos Lammenais 1834 Apostolicae nostrae Urging Prayers for
Commissum On Church and 50 Pius IX caritatis. Peace 1854
36 Gregory XVI divinitus State 1835 On Episcopal
On the Propogation 51 Pius IX Optime noscitis. Meetings 1855
37 Gregory XVI Probe nostis of the Faith 1840 On the Church in
On Mixed 52 Pius IX Singulari quidem. Austria 1856
38 Gregory XVI Quas vestro Marriages 1841 53 Pius IX Cum nuper. On Care for Clerics 1858
39 Gregory XVI Inter praecipuas On Biblical Societies 1844 Amantissimi On Priests and the
On Faith and 54 Pius IX Redemptoris. Care of Souls 1858
40 Pius IX Qui pluribus Religion 1846 On Communism
Praedecessores Ad Apostolorum and the Church in
41 Pius IX nostros On Aid for Ireland 1847 55 Pius IX Principis China 1858
On Discipline for Cum Sancta Mater Pleading for Public
42 Pius IX Ubi primum Religious 1847 56 Pius IX Ecclesia. Prayer 1859
On the Immaculate 57 Pius IX Qui nuper. On Pontifical States 1859
43 Pius IX Ubi primum Conception 1849 On the Need for
On the Church in 58 Pius IX Nullis certe verbis. Civil Sovereignty 1860
44 Pius IX Nostis et nobiscum the Pontifical States 1849 On the Care of the
Exultavit cor On the Effects of 59 Pius IX Amantissimus. Churches 1862
45 Pius IX nostrum the Jubilee 1851 Quanto conficiamur On Promotion of
Probe noscitis On the Discipline 60 Pius IX moerore. False Doctrines 1863
46 Pius IX venerabiles for Clergy 1852 On Persecution in
Pleading for Unity 61 Pius IX Incredibili. New Granada 1863
47 Pius IX Inter multiplices of Spirit 1853
20 Encyclicals: 1864 to 1884 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
On the Church in On the Church in
62 Pius IX Maximae quidem. Bavaria 1864 76 Pius IX Quod nunquam. Prussia 1875
Condemning Graves ac On the Church in
63 Pius IX Quanta Cura Current Errors 1864 77 Pius IX diuturnae. Switzerland 1875
Meridionali Seminary for Native Inscrutabili Dei On the Evils of
64 Pius IX Americae. Clergy 1865 78 Leo XIII Consilio Society 1878
On the Afflictions of Quod Apostolici On the Evils of
65 Pius IX Levate. the Church 1867 79 Leo XIII Muneris Socialism 1878
Taking of the On Restoring
66 Pius IX Respicientes. Pontifical States 1870 Christian
On the Pontifical 80 Leo XIII Aeterni Patris Philosophy 1879
67 Pius IX Ubi Nos. States 1871 On Sts. Cyril and
25th Ann. of 81 Leo XIII Grande Munus Methodius 1880
68 Pius IX Beneficia Dei. Pontificate 1871 On Mission
Saepe venerabiles Thanksgiving for 25 82 Leo XIII Sancta Dei Civitas Societies 1880
69 Pius IX fratres. Years 1871 On the Origin of
Quae in On the Church in 83 Leo XIII Diuturnum Civil Power 1881
70 Pius IX patriarchatu. Chaldea 1872 On Catholics in
On the Church in 84 Leo XIII Licet Multa Belgium 1881
71 Pius IX Quartus supra. Armenia 1873 On Conditions in
Church in Italy, 85 Leo XIII Etsi Nos Italy 1882
Germany, Auspicato On St. Francis of
72 Pius IX Etsi multa. Switzerland 1873 86 Leo XIII Concessum Assisi 1882
On the Church in On Conditions in
73 Pius IX Vix dum a nobis. Austria 1874 87 Leo XIII Cum Multa Spain 1882
Omnem On the Greek- Supremi On Devotion of the
74 Pius IX sollicitudinem. Ruthenian Rite 1874 88 Leo XIII Apostolatus Officio Rosary 1883
Proclaiming a Nobilissima On the Religious
75 Pius IX Gravibus Ecclesiae. Jubilee for 1875 1874 89 Leo XIII Gallorum Gens Question in France 1884
21 Encyclicals: 1884 to 1891 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
90 Leo XIII Humanum Genus On Freemasonry 1884 On Boycotting in
On the Recitation of 103 Leo XIII Saepe Nos Ireland 1888
91 Leo XIII the Rosary On the Rosary (4) 1884 On Italian
On the Christian 104 Leo XIII Quam Aerumnosa Immigrants 1888
Constitution of On the Church in
92 Leo XIII Immortale Dei States 1885 105 Leo XIII Etsi Cunctas Ireland 1888
On Christian On the Right
93 Leo XIII Spectata Fides Education 1885 Ordering of
Encyclical 106 Leo XIII Exeunte Iam Anno Christian Life 1888
Proclaiming an On the Catholic
Extraordinary University of
94 Leo XIII Quod Auctoritate Jubilee 1885 107 Leo XIII Magni Nobis America 1889
On Catholicism in On Devotion to St.
95 Leo XIII Iampridem Germany 1886 108 Leo XIII Quamquam Pluries Joseph 1889
On the Liberty of On Christians as
96 Leo XIII Quod Multum the Church 1886 109 Leo XIII Sapientiae Christian Citizens 1890
On the Church in On Freemasonry in
97 Leo XIII Pergrata Portugal 1886 110 Leo XIII Dall Italy 1890
On the Rosary and On Slavery in the
98 Leo XIII Vi E Ben Noto Public Life 1887 111 Leo XIII Catholicae Ecclesiae Missions 1890
On the Church in On Episcopal
99 Leo XIII Officio Sanctissimo Bavaria 1887 112 Leo XIII In Ipso Reunions in Austria 1891
On the Occasion of On Capital and
the Sacerdotal 113 Leo XIII Rerum Novarum Labor 1891
100 Leo XIII Quod Anniversarius Jubilee of Leo 1888 114 Leo XIII Pastoralis On Religious Union 1891
On the Abolition of On the Morality of
101 Leo XIII In Plurimism Slavery 1888 115 Leo XIII Pastoralis Officii Dueling 1891
On the Nature of 116 Leo XIII Octobri Mense On the Rosary (1) 1891
102 Leo XIII Libertas Human Liberty 1888
22 Encyclicals: 1892 to 1899 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
Au Milieu Des On the Church and On the Hungarian
117 Leo XIII Sollicitudes State in France 1892 132 Leo XIII Insignes Millennium 1896
Quarto Abeunte On the Columbus On the Unity of the
118 Leo XIII Saeculo Quadricentennial 1892 133 Leo XIII Satis Cognitum Church 1896
119 Leo XIII Magnae Dei Matris On the Rosary (2) 1892 Fidentem Piumque
Custodi Di Quella 134 Leo XIII Animum On the Rosary 1896
120 Leo XIII Fede On Freemasonry 1892 Divinum Illud
121 Leo XIII Inimica Vis On Freemasonry 1892 135 Leo XIII Munus On the Holy Spirit 1897
On Christian On St. Peter
122 Leo XIII Arcanum Marriage 1893 136 Leo XIII Militantis Ecclesiae Canisius 1897
On Seminaries for On the
123 Leo XIII Ad Extremas Native Clergy 1893 Augustissimae Confraternity of the
Constanti On the Church in 137 Leo XIII Virginis Mariae Holy Rosary 1897
124 Leo XIII Hungarorum Hungary 1893 On the Manitoba
125 Leo XIII Laetitiae Sanctae On the Rosary (3) 1893 138 Leo XIII Affari Vos School Question 1897
Providentissimus On the Study of On the Church In
126 Leo XIII Deus Holy Scripture 1893 139 Leo XIII Caritatis Studium Scotland 1898
On the Clergy in On Civil Marriage
127 Leo XIII Litteras A Vobis Brazil 1894 140 Leo XIII Quam Religiosa Law 1898
Iucunda Semper On the Suppression
128 Leo XIII Expectatione On the Rosary (5) 1894 of Catholic
On Propagation of 141 Leo XIII Spesse volte Institutions 1898
the Faith & Eastern 142 Leo XIII Diuturni Temporis On the Rosary 1898
129 Leo XIII Christi Nomen Churches 1894 On the Latin
On Social American Bishops'
Conditions In 143 Leo XIII Quum Diuturnum Plenary Council 1898
130 Leo XIII Permoti Nos Belgium 1895 On Consecration to
131 Leo XIII Adiutricem On the Rosary 1895 144 Leo XIII Annum Sacrum the Sacred Heart 1899
23 Encyclicals: 1899 to 1907 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
On the Education of On the Education of
145 Leo XIII Paternae Clergy 1899 157 Leo XIII Fin Dal Principio the Clergy 1902
On the Education of On Marriage
146 Leo XIII Depuis Le Jour the Clergy 1899 158 Leo XIII Dum Multa Legislation 1902
On Unity Among Restoration of all
Omnibus the Greek 159 Pius X E Supremi things in Christ 1903
147 Leo XIII Compertum Melchites 1900 Ad Diem Illum On the Immaculate
Tametsi Futura On Jesus Christ the 160 Pius X Laetissimum Conception 1904
148 Leo XIII Prospicientibus Redeemer 1900 On Pope Gregory
Graves De On Christian 161 Pius X Lucunda Sane the Great 1904
149 Leo XIII Communi Re Democracy 1901 On teaching
On Religious Orders 162 Pius X Acerbo Nimis Christian Doctrine 1905
150 Leo XIII Gravissimas in Portugal 1901 On Catholic Action
On the Language 163 Pius X Il Fermo Proposito in Italy 1905
Question in On the French Law
151 Leo XIII Reputantiubus Bohemia 1901 164 Pius X Vehementer Nos of Separation 1906
On the Foundation On the Mariavites
of a Seminary in or Mystic Priests of
152 Leo XIII Urbanitatis Veteris Athens 1901 165 Pius X Tribus Circiter Poland 1906
On the Church in On the Clergy in
153 Leo XIII In Amplissimo the United States 1902 166 Pius X Pieni L Italy 1906
On the Proposed On French
154 Leo XIII Quod Votis Catholic University 1902 Gravissimo Officii Associations of
On the Holy 167 Pius X Munere Worship 1906
155 Leo XIII Mirae Caritatis Eucharist 1902 On the Separation
On the Church in 168 Pius X Une Fois Encore of Church and State 1907
Bohemia and Pascendi Dominici On the Doctrine of
156 Leo XIII Quae Ad Nos Moravia 1902 169 Pius X Gregis the Modernists 1907
24 Encyclicals: 1909 to 1928 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
Communium On St. Anselm of On the Third Order
170 Pius X Rerum Aosta 1909 184 Benedict XV Sacra propedim of St. Francis 1921
On St. Charles In praeclara
171 Pius X Editae Saepe Borromeo 1910 185 Benedict XV summorum On Dante 1921
On the Law of Fausto appetente
Separation in 186 Benedict XV die On St. Dominic 1921
172 Pius X Lamdudum Portugal 1911 On the Peace of
On the Indians of Ubi Arcano Dei Christ in His
173 Pius X Lacrimabili Statu South America 1912 187 Pius XI Consilio Kingdom 1922
On Labor Rerum Omnium
174 Pius X Singulari Quadam Organizations 1912 188 Pius XI Perturbationem St. Francis De Sales 1923
Ad beatissimi Appealing For On St. Thomas
175 Benedict XV apostolorum Peace 1914 189 Pius XI Studiorum Ducem Aquinas 1923
On Preaching the 190 Pius XI Ecclesiam Dei On St. Josaphat 1923
176 Benedict XV Humani Generis Word of God 1917 Maximam On French Diocesan
On the Future 191 Pius XI Gravissimamque Associations 1924
177 Benedict XV Quod iam diu Peace Conference 1918 On the Feast of
178 Benedict XV In hac tanta On St. Boniface 1919 192 Pius XI Quas Primas Christ the King 1925
On the Children of On Catholic
179 Benedict XV Paterno iam diu Central Europe 1919 193 Pius XI Rerum Ecclesiae Missions 1926
On Peace and On St. Francis of
Pacem, Dei munus Christian 194 Pius XI Rite Expiatis Assisi 1926
180 Benedict XV pulcherrimum Reconciliation 1920 On the Persecution
181 Benedict XV Spiritus Paraclitus On St. Jerome 1920 of the Church in
Principi On St. Ephrem the 195 Pius XI Iniquis Afflictisque Mexico 1926
182 Benedict XV apostolorum Petro Syrian 1920 196 Pius XI Mortalium Animos On Religious Unity 1928
On Children of Miserentissimus On Reparation to
183 Benedict XV Annus iam pelnus Central Europe 1920 197 Pius XI Redemptor the Sacred Heart 1928
25 Encyclicals: 1928 to 1945 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
On the Promotion 212 Pius XI Vigilanti Cura On Motion Pictures 1936
198 Pius XI Rerum Orientalium of Oriental Studies 1928 Mit Brennender On the Church and
The Promotion of 213 Pius XI Sorge the German Reich 1937
the Spiritual On Atheistic
199 Pius XI Mens Nostra Exercises 1929 214 Pius XI Divini Redemptoris Communism 1937
Quinquagesimo On His Sacerdotal Nos es muy On the Religious
200 Pius XI Ante Jubilee 1929 215 Pius XI conocida Situation in Mexico 1937
On Christian Ingravescentibus
201 Pius XI Divini Illius Magistri Education 1929 216 Pius XI Malis On the Rosary 1937
202 Pius XI Ad Salutem On St. Augustine 1930 On the Unity of
On Christian 217 Pius XII Summi Pontificatus Human Society 1939
203 Pius XI Casti Connubii Marriage 1930 On the Start of the
Quadragesimo On Reconstruction Church in the
204 Pius XI Anno of the Social Order 1931 218 Pius XII Sertum Laetitiae United States 1939
Non Abbiamo On Catholic Action On the
205 Pius XI Bisogno in Italy 1931 Saeculo Exeunte Independence of
On the Economic 219 Pius XII Octavo Portugal 1940
206 Pius XI Nova Impendet Crisis 1931 Mystici Corporis On the Mystical
On the Council of 220 Pius XII Christi Body of Christ 1943
207 Pius XI Lux Veritatis Ephesus 1931 Divino Afflante On Promoting
Caritate Christi On the Sacred 221 Pius XII Spiritu Biblical Studies 1943
208 Pius XI Compulsi Heart 1932 On St. Cyril,
On Persecution of Patriarch of
the Church in 222 Pius XII Orientalis Ecclesiae Alexandria 1944
209 Pius XI Acerba animi Mexico 1932 Communium
On Oppression of Interpretes An Appeal for
210 Pius XI Dilectissima Nobis the Church of Spain 1933 223 Pius XII Dolorarum. Prayers for Peace 1945
Ad Catholici On the Catholic
211 Pius XI Sacerdotii Priesthood 1935
26 Encyclicals: 1945 to 1956 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
On the Reunion of On the Crusade of
Orientales Omnes the Ruthenian 236 Pius XII Mirabile Illud Prayer for Peace 1950
224 Pius XII Ecclesias Church with Rome 1945 On Promotion of
A Plea for the Care 237 Pius XII Evangelii Praecones Catholic Missions 1951
of the World's Sempiternus Rex On the Council of
225 Pius XII Quemadmodum Destitute Children 1946 238 Pius XII Christus Chalcedon 1951
On the Possibility of Ingruentium On Reciting the
Defining the 239 Pius XII Malorum Rosary 1951
Assumption as a On Discipline for
Deiparae Virginis Dogma of the 240 Pius XII Nemo certe ignorat Clergy 1952
226 Pius XII Mariae Church 1946 On the Persecuted
227 Pius XII Fulgens Radiatur On St. Benedict 1947 241 Pius XII Orientales Ecclesias Eastern Church 1952
On the Sacred On St. Bernard of
228 Pius XII Mediator Dei Liturgy 1947 Clairvaux, the Last
On Public Prayers 242 Pius XII Doctor Mellifluus of the Fathers 1953
229 Pius XII Optatissima Pax for Peace 1947 Proclaiming a
On Public Prayers 243 Pius XII Fulgens Corona Marian Year 1953
230 Pius XII Auspicia Quaedam for Peace (2) 1948 On Consecrated
In Multiplicibus On Prayers for 244 Pius XII Sacra Virginitas Virginity 1954
231 Pius XII Curis Peace in Palestine 1948 245 Pius XII Ecclesiae Fastos On St. Boniface 1954
Redemptoris Nostri On the Holy Places On the Supra-
232 Pius XII Cruciatus in Palestine 1949 Ad Sinarum nationality of the
On Combating 246 Pius XII Gentem Church 1954
Atheistic Proclaiming the
233 Pius XII Anni Sacri Propaganda 1950 247 Pius XII Ad Caeli Reginam Queenship of Mary 1954
On Public Prayers 248 Pius XII Musicae Sacrae On Sacred Music 1955
234 Pius XII Summi Maeroris for Peace(3) 1950 On Devotion to the
235 Pius XII Humani Generis On Evolution 1950 249 Pius XII Haurietis Aquas Sacred Heart 1956
27 Encyclicals: 1956 to 1987 AD
Encyclical Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
Luctuosissimi On Prayers for the Aeterna Dei On St. Leo the
250 Pius XII Eventus People of Hungary 1956 263 John XXIII Sapientia Great 1961
On Prayers for On the Need for
Peace for Poland, 264 John XXIII Paenitentiam Agere Penance 1962
Laetamur Hungary and the 265 John XXIII Pacem In Terris Peace on Earth 1963
251 Pius XII Admodum Middle East 1956 266 Paul VI Ecclesiam Suam. On the Church 1964
Condemning the On Praying to Mary
Ruthless Use of 267 Paul VI Mense Maio During May 1965
252 Pius XII Datis Nuperrime Force in Hungary 1956 268 Paul VI Mysterium Fidei Mysterium Fidei 1965
On the Condition of On Prayers to Mary
the Catholic 269 Paul VI Christi Matri for Peace 1966
253 Pius XII Fidei Donum Missions 1957 On the
On St. Andrew Populorum Development of
254 Pius XII Invicti Athletae Bobola 1957 270 Paul VI Progressio Peoples 1967
Le Pelerinage De Warning Against Sacerdotalis On the Celibacy of
255 Pius XII Lourdes Materialism 1957 271 Paul VI Caelibatus the Priest 1967
On the 272 Paul VI Humanae Vitae On Human Life 1968
Communications 273 John Paul II Redemptor Hominis Redeemer of Man 1979
256 Pius XII Miranda Prorsus Field 1957 Dives In On the Mercy of
On Prayers for the 274 John Paul II Misericordia God 1980
257 Pius XII Meminisse Iuvat Persecuted Church 1958 275 John Paul II Laborem Exercens On Human Work 1981
On Truth, Unity and Apostles to the
258 John XXIII Ad Petri Cathedram Peace 1959 276 John Paul II Slavorum Apostoli Slavs 1985
Sacerdotii Nostri Dominum Et
259 John XXIII Primordia On St. John Vianney 1959 277 John Paul II Vivificantem On the Holy Spirit 1986
260 John XXIII Grata Recordatio On the Rosary 1959 Mother of the
261 John XXIII Princeps Pastorum On the Missions 1959 278 John Paul II Redemptoris Mater Redeemer 1987
Christianity and
262 John XXIII Mater Et Magistra Social Progress 1961
28 Encyclicals: 1740 to 1832 AD
Encyclical
No. Pope Encyclical (Latin) (English) Year
On the Social
Sollicitudo Rei Teaching of the
279 John Paul II Socialis Church 1987
280 John Paul II Redemptoris Missio On Evangelization 1990
281 John Paul II Centesimus Annus On Rerum Novarum 1991
Splendor of the
282 John Paul II Veritatis Splendor Truth 1993
283 John Paul II Evangelium Vitae On Human Life 1995
That They May Be
284 John Paul II Ut Unum Sint One 1995
285 John Paul II Fides et ratio Faith and Reason 1998
On the Eucharits
and in its
Ecclesia de Relationship to the
286 John Paul II Eucharistia Church 2003
287 Benedict XVI Deus Caritas Est God is Love 2005
Spe Salvi: In Hope
288 Benedict XVI Spe Salvi We Are Saved 2007
289 Benedict XVI Caritas in Veritate Caritas in Veritate 2009
290 Francis Lumen Fidei Light of Faith 2013
On Care for Our
291 Francis Laudato Si Common Home 2015
 Listing: 266 Popes,
29
Lineage of St. Peter
32 to 2018 AD
30 Popes: 32 to 561AD
No. Pope Years No. Pope Years No. Pope Years
1. St. Peter 32─67 21. St. Cornelius 251─253 41. St. Zosimus 417─418
2. St. Linus 67─76 22. St. Lucius I 253─254 42. St. Boniface I 418─422
3. St. Anacletus 76─88 23. St. Stephen I 254─257 43. St. Celestine I 422─432
4. St. Clement I 88─97 24. St. Sixtus II 257─258 44. St. Sixtus III 432─440
5. St. Evaristus 97─105 25. St. Dionysius 260─268 45. St. Leo I (the Great) 440─461
6. St. Alexander I 105─115 26. St. Felix I 269─274 46. St. Hilarius 461─468
7. St. Sixtus I 115─125 27. St. Eutychian 275─283 47. St. Simplicius 468─483
8. St. Telesphorus 125─136 28. St. Caius 283─296 48. St. Felix III 483─492
9. St. Hyginus 136─140 29. St. Marcellinus 296─304 49. St. Gelasius I 492─496
10. St. Pius I 140─155 30. St. Marcellus I 308─309 50. Anastasius II 496─498
11. St. Anicetus 155─166 31. St. Eusebius 309─310 51. St. Symmachus 498─514
12. St. Soter 166─175 32. St. Miltiades 311─314 52. St. Hormisdas 514─523
13. St. Eleutherius 175─189 33. St. Sylvester I 314─335 53. St. John I 523─526
14. St. Victor I 189─199 34. St. Marcus 336─336 54. St. Felix IV 526─530
15. St. Zephyrinus 199─217 35. St. Julius I 337─352 55. Boniface II 530─532
16. St. Callistus I 217─222 36. Liberius 352─366 56. John II 533─535
17. St. Urban I 222─230 37. St. Damasus I 366─383 57. St. Agapetus I 535─536
(St. Agapitus I)
18. St. Pontain 230─235 38. St. Siricius 384─399 58. St. Silverius 536─537
19. St. Anterus 235─236 39. St. Anastasius 399─401 59. Vigilius 537─555
20. St. Fabian 236─250 40. St. Innocent I 401─417 60. Pelagius I 556─561
31 Popes: 561 to 913 AD
No. Pope Years No. Pope Years No. Pope Years
61. John III 561─574 81. St. Benedict II 684─685 101. Gregory IV 827─844
62. Benedict I 575─579 82. John V 685─686 102. Sergius II 844─847
63. Pelagius II 579─590 83. Conon 686─687 103. St. Leo IV 847─855
64. St. Gregory I the 590─604 84. St. Sergius I 687─701 104. Benedict III 855─858
Great
85. John VI 701─705 105. St. Nicholas I the 858─867
65. Sabinian 604─606
Great
66. Boniface III 607─607 86. John VII 705─707 106. Adrian II 867─872
67. St. Boniface IV 608─615 87. Sisinnius 708─708 107. John VIII 872─882
68. St. Deusdedit (Adeodatus I) 615─618 88. Constantine 708─715 108. Marinus I 882─884
69. Boniface V 619─625 89. St. Gregory II 715─731 109. St. Adrian III 884─885
70. Honorius I 625─638 90. St. Gregory III 731─741 110. Stephen V 885─891
71. Severinus 640─640 91. St. Zachary 741─752 111. Formosus 891─896
72. John IV 640─642 92. Stephen II 752─757 112. Boniface VI 896─896
73. Theodore I 642─649 93. St. Paul I 757─767 113. Stephen VI 896─897
74. St. Martin I 649─655 94. Stephen III 768─772 114. Romanus 897─897
75. St. Eugene I 655─657 95. Adrian I 772─795 115. Theodore II 897─897
76. St. Vitalian 657─672 96. St. Leo III 795─816 116. John IX 898─900
77. Adeodatus (II) 672─676 97. Stephen IV 816─817 117. Benedict IV 900─903
78. Donus 676─678 98. St. Paschal I 817─824 118. Leo V 903─903
79. St. Agatho 678─681 99. Eugene II 824─827 119. Sergius III 904─911
80. St. Leo II 682─683 100. Valentine 827─827 120. Anastasius III 911─913
32 Popes: 913 to 1254 AD
No. Pope Years No. Pope Years No. Pope Years
121. Lando 913─914 141. John XVIII 1003─1009 161. Gelasius II 1118─1119
122. John X 914─928 142. Sergius IV 1009─1012 162. Callistus II 1119─1124
123. Leo VI 928─928 143. Benedict VIII 1012─1024 163. Honorius II 1124─1130
124. Stephen VII 929─931 144. John XIX 1024─1032 164. Innocent II 1130─1143
125. John XI 931─935 145. Benedict IX 1032─1045 165. Celestine II 1143─1144
126. Leo VII 936─939 146. Sylvester III (1045) 1045─1045 166. Lucius II 1144─1145
127. Stephen VIII 939─942 147. Benedict IX 1045─1045 167. Blessed Eugene III 1145─1153
128. Marinus II 942─946 148. Gregory VI 1045─1046 168. Anastasius IV 1153─1154
129. Agapetus II 946─955 149. Clement II 1046─1047 169. Adrian IV 1154─1159
130. John XII 955─963 150. Benedict IX 1047─1048 170. Alexander III 1159─1181
131. Leo VIII 963─964 151. Damasus II 1048─1048 171. Lucius III 1181─1185
132. Benedict V 964─964 152. St. Leo IX 1049─1054 172. Urban III 1185─1187
133. John XIII 965─972 153. Victor II 1055─1057 173. Gregory VIII 1187─1187
134. Benedict VI 973─974 154. Stephen IX 1057─1058 174. Clement III 1187─1191
135. Benedict VII 974─983 155. Nicholas II 1058─1061 175. Celestine III 1191─1198
136. John XIV 983─984 156. Alexander II 1061─1073 176. Innocent III 1198─1216
137. John XV 985─996 157. St. Gregory VII 1073─1085 177. Honorius III 1216─1227
138. Gregory V 996─999 158. Blessed Victor III 1086─1087 178. Gregory IX 1227─1241
139. Sylvester II 999─1003 159. Blessed Urban II 1088─1099 179. Celestine IV 1241─1241
140. John XVII 1003─1003 160. Paschal II 1099─1118 180. Innocent IV 1243─1254
33 Popes: 1254 to 1689 AD
No. Pope Years No. Pope Years No. Pope Years
181. Alexander IV 1254─1261 201. Gregory XI 1370─1378 221. Julius III 1550─1555
182. Urban IV 1261─1264 202. Urban VI 1378─1389 222. Marcellus II 1555─1555
183. Clement IV 1265─1268 203. Boniface IX 1389─1404 223. Paul IV 1555─1559
184. Blessed Gregory X 1271─1276 204. Innocent VII 1404─1406 224. Pius IV 1559─1565
185. Blessed Innocent V 1276─1276 205. Gregory XII 1406─1415 225. St. Pius V 1566─1572
186. Adrian V 1276─1276 206. Martin V 1417─1431 226. Gregory XIII 1572─1585
187. John XXI 1276─1277 207. Eugene IV 1431─1447 227. Sixtus V 1585─1590
188. Nicholas III 1277─1280 208. Nicholas V 1447─1455 228. Urban VII 1590─1590
189. Martin IV 1281─1285 209. Callistus III 1455─1458 229. Gregory XIV 1590─1591
190. Honorius IV 1285─1287 210. Pius II 1458─1464 230. Innocent IX 1591─1591
191. Nicholas IV 1288─1292 211. Paul II 1464─1471 231. Clement VIII 1592─1605
192. St. Celestine V 1294─1294 212. Sixtus IV 1471─1484 232. Leo XI 1605─1605
193. Boniface VIII 1294─1303 213. Innocent VIII 1484─1492 233. Paul V 1605─1621
194. Blessed Benedict 1303─1304 234. Gregory XV 1621─1623
214. Alexander VI 1492─1503
XI
195. Clement V 1305─1314 215. Pius III 1503─1503 235. Urban VIII 1623─1644
196. John XXII 1316─1334 216. Julius II 1503─1513 236. Innocent X 1644─1655
197. Benedict XII 1334─1342 217. Leo X 1513─1521 237. Alexander VII 1655─1667
198. Clement VI 1342─1352 218. Adrian VI 1522─1523 238. Clement IX 1667─1669
199. Innocent VI 1352─1362 219. Clement VII 1523─1534 239. Clement X 1670─1676
200. Blessed Urban V 1362─1370 220. Paul III 1534─1549 240. Blessed Innocent 1676─1689
XI
34 Popes: 1689 to 2018+ AD
No. Pope Years No. Pope Years
241. Alexander VIII 1689─1691 261. St. John XXIII 1958─1963
242. Innocent XII 1691─1700 262. St. Paul VI 1963─1978
243. Clement XI 1700─1721 263. John Paul I 1978─1978
244. Innocent XIII 1721─1724 264. St. John Paul II 1978─2005
245. Benedict XIII 1724─1730 265. Benedict XVI 2005─2013
246. Clement XII 1730─1740 266. Francis 2013─20XX
247. Benedict XIV 1740─1758
248. Clement XIII 1758─1769
249. Clement XIV 1769─1774
250. Pius VI 1775─1799
251. Pius VII 1800─1823
252. Leo XII 1823─1829 266 Popes
253. Pius VIII 1829─1830 186 Not declared saints
254. Gregory XVI 1831─1846 80 Declared saints
255. Blessed Pius IX 1846─1878
256. Leo XIII 1878─1903
257. St. Pius X 1903─1914
258. Benedict XV 1914─1922
259. Pius XI 1922─1939
260. Servant of God 1939─1958
Pius XII
 Listing: 21 Ecumenical Church
35
Councils
325 to 1965 AD
36 Church Councils: 325 to 787 AD

Under No. of
No. Counsel Topic Emperor Year(s)
Pope Bishops
Nicene Creed / Divinity of the Son of God (vs. Arian
I. FIRST COUNCIL OF NICAEA Sylvester Constantine 318 325
heresy) / Fixing the date for keeping Easter
Nicene Creed: added Holy Ghost and all after / Divinity of
II. FIRST COUNCIL OF CONSTANTINOPLE Damasus Theodosius I 150 381
the Holy Ghost (vs Macedonius)
True personal unity of Christ / Mary the Mother of
III. COUNCIL OF EPHESUS Celestine I 200 431
God (theotokos) (vs Nestorius) / Re-condemned Pelagius
Two (2) natures (Divine and human) in Christ (vs.
IV. COUNCIL OF CHALCEDON Leo the Great Marcian 150 451
Eutyches)
Confirmed the first four general councils / Condemned
V. SECOND COUNCIL OF CONSTANTINOPLE Vigilius Justinian I 165 553
errors: Origen, Theodoret, Ibas
Two (2) wills in Christ, the Divine and the human, as
Constantine
VI. THIRD COUNCIL OF CONSTANTINOPLE two distinct principles of operation (end Monothelitism)/ Agatho 174 680-681
Pogonatus
Anathematized Sergius, Pyrrhus, Paul, Macarius

Veneration of holy images / Emporer's mother Irene Constantine

VII. SECOND COUNCIL OF NICAEA Adrian I 300-367 787
attended VI
37 Church Councils: 869 to 1245 AD

Under No. of
No. Counsel Topic Emperor Year(s)
Pope Bishops
Condemned Photius (false council) / The Photian Schism
VIII. FOURTH COUNCIL OF CONSTANTINOPLE triumphed in the Greek Church, and no other general Adrian II Basil 102 869
council took place in the East
First in Rome / Abolished investiture to ecclesiastical
IX. FIRST LATERAN COUNCIL benefices / Church discipline / Recovery of the Holy Land Callistus II 900 1123
from the infidels
X. SECOND LATERAN COUNCIL End errors of Arnold of Brescia Innocent II Conrad 1,000 1139
Condemned the Albigenses and Waldenses / Numerous
XI. THIRD LATERAN COUNCIL Alexander III Frederick I 302 1179
decrees for the reformation of morals
St. Dominic and Primate of the Maronites attended /
Issued an enlarged creed (vs Albigenses) / Condemned the
Trinitarian errors (vs Abbot Joachim) / 70 reformatory
XII. FOURTH LATERAN COUNCIL Innocent III 483 1215
decrees / Most important council of the Middle Ages /
Marks the culminating point of ecclesiastical life and
papal power

Baldwin II, Emperor of the East, and St. Louis, King of

France attended / Excommunicated and deposed Emperor Baldwin II /
XIII. FIRST COUNCIL OF LYONS Innocent IV 140 1245
Frederick II / Directed a new crusade, under the command St. Louis
of St. Louis (vs Saracens and Mongols)
38 Church Councils: 1274 to 1439 AD

Under No. of
No. Counsel Topic Emperor Year(s)
Pope Bishops

Effected a temporary reunion of the Greek Church with

Rome / Word filioque was added to the symbol of
XIV. SECOND COUNCIL OF LYONS Gregory X 515 1274
Constantinople / Sought recovering Palestine from the
Turks / Laid down the rules for papal elections

Clement V, the first of the Avignon popes / Philip IV of

France, Edward II of England, and James II of Aragon /
1311-
XV. COUNCIL OF VIENNE Errors to Knights Templars, Fraticelli, Beghards, Beguines Clement V 3 Kings 300
1313
/ Projects of a new crusade / Reformation of the clergy /
Teaching of Oriental languages in the universities

Held during the great Schism of the West, with the object
of ending the divisions in the Church / End to the schism Gregory XII / 1414-
XVI. COUNCIL OF CONSTANCE
by the election of Pope Martin V / Confirmed the former Martin V 1418
decrees of the synod against Wyclif and Hus

Religious pacification of Bohemia / Council transferred fm

Basle to Ferrara (1438), to Florence (1439) / Short-lived
1431-
XVII. COUNCIL OF BASLE/FERRARA/FLORENCE union with the Greek Church / Extirpation of heresy / Eugene IV Sigismund
1439
Peace of Christendom / Reform of the Church / Rights of
the Holy See
39 Church Councils: 325 to 1965 AD

Under No. of
No. Counsel Topic Emperor Year(s)
Pope Bishops
Disciplinary / A new crusade against the Turks planned,
Popes Julius II 1512-
XVIII. FIFTH LATERAN COUNCIL but came to naught, owing to the religious upheaval in Maximilian I 95
/ Leo X 1517
Germany caused by Luther
Examine and condemn errors (Luther and other Paul III, Julius
Reformers) / Reform the discipline of the Church / III, Marcellus Charles V / 1545-
XIX. COUNCIL OF TRENT 271
Longest, Largest number of dogmatic and reformatory II, Paul IV and Ferdinand 1563
decrees, and produced the most beneficial results Pius IV
Still (1908) unfinished / Canons relating to the Faith and
the constitution of the Church / Decreed the infallibility of
1869-
XX. FIRST VATICAN COUNCIL the pope when speaking ex cathedra, i.e. when as Pius IX 803
1870
shepherd and teacher of all Christians / Defines a doctrine
concerning faith or morals to be held by the whole Church

John XXIII / 1962-

XXI. SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL 16 Documents issued / often referred to in Enclyclicals
Paul VI 1965
40
Listing: Church Fathers
32 to 2018 AD
41 Church Fathers: Alexander to John Chrysostom
No. The Fathers of the Church No. The Fathers of the Church
1 Alexander of Alexandria [SAINT] 20 Cyril of Jerusalem [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
2 Alexander of Lycopolis 21 Dionysius of Rome [SAINT]
3 Ambrose (340-397) [SAINT] [DOCTOR] 22 Dionysius the Great
4 Aphrahat/Aphraates (c. 280-367) 23 Ephraim the Syrian (306-373) [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
6 Archelaus 24 Eusebius of Caesarea (c. 265-c. 340)
7 Aristides the Philosopher 25 Gennadius of Marseilles
8 Arnobius 26 Gregory Nazianzen [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
9 Athanasius [SAINT] [DOCTOR] 27 Gregory of Nyssa [SAINT]
10 Athenagoras 28 Gregory Thaumaturgus [SAINT]
11 Augustine of Hippo [SAINT] [DOCTOR] Gregory the Great, Pope (c. 540-
29
604) [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
12 Bardesanes (154-222)
30 Hermas
13 Barnabas [SAINT]
31 Hilary of Poitiers [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
14 Basil the Great [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
32 Hippolytus [SAINT]
15 Caius
33 Ignatius of Antioch [SAINT]
16 Clement of Alexandria [SAINT]
34 Irenaeus of Lyons [SAINT]
17 Clement of Rome [SAINT]
35 Jerome [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
18 Commodianus
36 John Cassian (c. 360-c. 435)
19 Cyprian of Carthage [SAINT]
37 John Chrysostom [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
42 Church Fathers: John of Damascus to Vincent
of Lerins
No. The Fathers of the Church No. The Fathers of the Church
38 John of Damascus [SAINT] [DOCTOR] 53 Papias [SAINT]
39 Julius Africanus 54 Peter of Alexandria [SAINT]
40 Justin Martyr [SAINT] 55 Polycarp [SAINT]
41 Lactantius 56 Rufinus
Leo the Great, Pope (c. 395- 57 Socrates Scholasticus (c. 379-c. 450)
42
461) [SAINT] [DOCTOR]
58 Sozomen (c. 375-c. 447)
43 Malchion
59 Sulpitius Severus (c. 363-c. 420)
44 Mar Jacob (452-521)
60 Tatian
45 Mathetes
61 Tertullian
46 Methodius
62 Theodoret
47 Minucius Felix
63 Theodotus
48 Miscellaneous
64 Theophilus
49 Moses of Chorene (c. 400-c. 490)
65 Venantius
50 Novatian
66 Victorinus [SAINT]
51 Origen
67 Vincent of Lérins (d. c. 450) [SAINT]
52 Pamphilus [SAINT]