Ial Maths Mech 1 CR5

Chapter review 5
1 a Resolving vertically:
R 3 g + 3sin 30o
=
3
=(3 × 9.8) + 3
2
= 31.998...
The normal reaction of the floor on the box is 32.0 N (3s.f.).
b Resolving horizontally and using F = ma:

3cos 60o = 3a
a = 0.5
The acceleration of the box is 0.5 ms−2
2 Resolving vertically (j components):

F2 cos 20 − F1 cos 60 − 20sin 20 =
2
F2 cos 20 − F1 cos 60 =
2 + 20sin 20
F2 cos 20 − F1 cos 60 =
8.8404... (1)
Resolving horizontally (i components):
F2 sin 20 + 20 cos 20 − F1 sin 60 =
3
20 cos 20 − 3 + F2 sin 20 =F1 sin 60
20 cos 20 − 3 + F2 sin 20
= F1
sin 60
18.237 + 0.39493F2 = F1 (2)
Substituting value for F1 from (2) into (1):

8.8404= F2 cos 20 − (18.237 + 0.39493F2 ) cos 60
8.8404
= 0.93969 F2 − 9.1185 − 0.19746 F2
8.8404 + 9.1185= (0.93969 − 0.19746) F2
17.958...
=F2 = 24.196...
0.7422...
Substituting F2 = 24.196... into (2)
F1 = 18.237 + (0.39493 × 24.196)
F1 = 27.792...
The forces F1 and F2 are 27.8 N and 24.2 N respectively (both to 3 s.f.).
© Pearson Education Ltd 2019. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free. 1
3 a
b R():
R = 2 g cos 45
= 2 × 9.8cos 45
= 13.859...
The normal reaction between the particle and the plane is 13.9 N (3 s.f.).
c Using Newton’s second law of motion and R():

F = ma
20 − 4 − 2 g sin 45 =2a
a= 8 − g sin 45
a = 1.0703...
a = 1.1 ms−2 (2 s.f.)
4 Using Newton’s second law of motion and R():

F = ma
20 cos 20 − 5 g sin10 =
5a
4 cos 20 − g sin10 = a
a = 2.0570...
The acceleration of the particle is 2.06 ms−2 (3 s.f.) up the slope.
5 Since the box is moving at constant speed, the

horizontal component of the resultant force is zero.
Resolving horizontally:
= F 150 cos 45 + 100 cos 30
150 100 3
F
= +
2 2
50
=F (3 2 + 2 3)
2
=F 25(3 2 + 2 3) N as required.
6 Resolving vertically:
R = 20g
Resolving horizontally:
20 cos 30 = µ R
20 cos 30 = 20 µ g
cos 30
µ=
g
3 5 3
=µ =
2 × 9.8 98
7 tan α 3=
= so sin α 3 = and cos α 4
4 5 5
R():
= R 2 g cos α + P sin α
8 3
=R g+ P
5 5
Particle moving at a constant velocity means that forces

parallel to the slope are balanced.
R():
P cos α + 0.3R = 2 g sin a
4 3 8 3  6
P +  g + P = g
5 10  5 5  5
40 P + 3 ( 8 g + 3P ) =
60 g
40 P + 9 P = 60 g − 24 g
36 × 9.8
= P = 7.2
49
The force P is 7.2 N.
8 R():
R + 5sin 30 =
0.5 g cos 30
g 3 5
=R −
4 2
Using Newton’s second law of motion and R():
ma = F
0.5=
a 5cos 30 − 0.1R − 0.5 g sin 30
1 g 3 5 g
a = 5 3 −  −  −
5 4 2 2
1  3 1
a= 5 3 + −  +  × 9.8
2  20 2 
a = 3.4115...
The acceleration of the particle is 3.41 ms−2 (3 s.f.).
9 a Since the car is travelling at constant speed, the
resultant force parallel to the road is zero.
R():
F 700 + 2150 g sin10
=
F= 700 + (2150 × 9.8sin10 )
F = 4358.7...
The resistance, F, is 4400 N (2 s.f.).
b R():
R = 2150 g cos10
= 2150 × 9.8cos10
= 20750
R ( ) :
u = 22 ms−1, v = 0 ms−1, s = 40 m, a = ?
2
v= u 2 + 2as
0 = 222 + (2a × 40)
222
a= − =−6.05
80
A negative value for acceleration indicates deceleration (or acceleration up the slope).
R():
F = ma
F + µ R − 2150 g sin10 =
2150a
4358.7 + 20750 µ − 2150 g sin10 = 2150 × 6.05 (taking F from part a)
13007.5 − 700
µ=
20750
= 0.59313...
The coefficient of friction is 0.59 (2 s.f.).
c i The force due to air resistance will reduce as the car slows.
If the skid causes the tyres to heat, the value of μ is also likely to vary.
ii If the car skids, it will not be travelling in a straight line so equations of motion do not apply
and other forces need to be considered.
Challenge
At the instant the cable breaks, the boat is still moving up the slope with speed 5 m s–1
At this time, friction acts down the slope and the boat will decelerate to instantaneous rest on the
slipway.
When the boat is about to accelerate back down the slipway to the
water, the forces acting on the boat are as shown:
To show that the boat will slide back down the slipway, we need
to show that the component of weight acting down the slope is
greater than the limiting friction:
R(): R = 400 g cos15
Calculate magnitude of limiting frictional force acting up the slope:

FMAX = µ R
= 0.2 × 400 g cos15
= 80 g cos15
= 757.28...
Component of weight acting down the slope = 400 g sin15o
= 1014.5...
FMAX =757 N < 1015 N =Weight down slope
Hence, boat will slide back down into the water.
While the boat continues to move up the slope after the cable breaks, μR continues to act down the slope.
Between the time when the cable breaks and the boat comes to instantaneous rest on the slipway,
R ( )
F = ma
400 g sin15o + 80 g cos15o =
400a
=a ( sin15 o
+ 0.2 cos15o ) g
a = 4.4296...
Challenge (cont.)
R(): u = 5 ms−1, v = 0, a = −4.430 ms−2, t = t1

v= u + at
0= 5 − 4.43t1
5
=t1 = 1.1287...
4.43
Once the boat has come to rest, frictional force acts up the slope (see the first diagram).
R ( ) :
F = ma
400 g sin15o − 80 g cos15o =
400a
=a ( sin15 o
− 0.2 cos15o ) g
a = 0.64321
Distance along slipway from where cable breaks to the sea is s where:
8
sin15 =
s
8
= s = 30.909...
sin15
R (  ) : u = 0 ms−1, a = 0.6432 ms−2, s = 30.91 m, t = t2

s ut + 1 at 2
=
2
= 0t2 + 1 0.6432 ( t2 )
2
30.91
2
30.91 = 0.3216 ( t2 )
2
30.91
t2 =
0.3216
t2 = 9.8035...
The boat returns to the sea t seconds after the cable snaps, where
t= t1 + t2
= 1.13 + 9.80
= 10.9 s (3 s.f.)

Ial Maths Mech 1 CR5

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Ial Maths Mech 1 CR5

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Chapter review 5

b Resolving horizontally and using F = ma:

2 Resolving vertically (j components):

Substituting value for F1 from (2) into (1):

c Using Newton’s second law of motion and R():

4 Using Newton’s second law of motion and R():

The acceleration of the particle is 2.06 ms−2 (3 s.f.) up the slope.

5 Since the box is moving at constant speed, the

Particle moving at a constant velocity means that forces

R(): R = 400 g cos15

Calculate magnitude of limiting frictional force acting up the slope:

R(): u = 5 ms−1, v = 0, a = −4.430 ms−2, t = t1

R (  ) : u = 0 ms−1, a = 0.6432 ms−2, s = 30.91 m, t = t2

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