Selection of Bahya Snehana

Techniques in Panchakarma

Ayurmitra Nadi Bhishak

P f KSR Prasad (Technoayurveda)
Prof KSR P d (T h d )
Professor & Head, Panchakarma, LN Ayurved College, Bhopal, MP
9290566566/9503227966 [email protected]
9290566566/9503227966 ‐ h d @ h
eAyurshala Web Learning Ayurved Academy 
online lecture series on *Keraliya Panchakarma
21st October 2020

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Introduction
• Bahya Snehana is making  Among the different 
a person unctuous 
p methods of bahya
externally when Internal  snehana
h li d
listed, 
is not possible. The Sneha certain procedures 
is very essential for the
is very essential for the  y g ,
like Abhyanga, 
LIFE sustainability.   Padaghata, 
Snehavagaha etc, are 
used to treat the
used to treat the 
whole body and 
Akshitarpana, 
Karnapurana, 
Nasatarpana etc are 
used for local unction 
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 20
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Vyadhi Samprapti Ghataka

Vyadhi  Samprapti
• Ayurveda states that – disease causative factors 
are – 5 Samprapti
are  5 Samprapti Ghataka – viz. 
viz
– Dosha (Vata, Pitta, Kapha)
– Dhatu (Rasa, Rakta, Mamsa, Meda, Asthi, Majja, 
( , , , , , jj ,
Sukra)
– Agni (Teekshna, Manda, Vishama)
– Ama (Leena, Aleena)
Ama (Leena Aleena)
– Srotas – (13 srotas along with sanjna, Chesta, 
Sthanya, & Artava)
y , )
• The manifested Disease is predominantly in 
Shakha (peripheral [tissue] – not in the Kosta
i C t ll
i.e. Central lumen / GIT)
/ GIT)
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 19
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Sneha‐Unction
Sneha Unction
• Sneha – indicates / includes 
– Oiliness, Unctuousness, Viscidity, Lubricity, etc. 
Oiliness Unctuousness Viscidity Lubricity etc
– “Sneha” is the essence of Human 
– “Life” it self is dependent on “Sneha”
– The entire strength of an individual is dependent on 
“Sneha”
• Sneha
Sneha makes the Vishyanda
makes the Vishyanda i.e. vilayana
i e vilayana – which 
which
means the dissolution, liquefaction, destruction, 
death, etc. 
• Sneha makes the person with –
S h k h ih
– Increased appetite, Clean Kosta (GIT), Increased tissue 
metabolism, Control on senses, Strength, Colour / 
complexion & Delayed ageing 
l i &D l d i
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 18
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Sneha Qualities
Sneha Qualities 
• Drava – Liquidity
• Sukshma – Minuteness 
• Sukshma Minuteness
(capable of penetrating 
deep)
p)
• Sara – Flow, slide
• Snigdha – Unctous
• Pichchila
h h l – Sticky, Slimy
k l
• Guru – Heavy
• Sheetala – Cold
• Sheetala
• Manda – Slow
• Mrudu – Smooth
(cha.Su.22/15)
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 17
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Vishyandana in pathogenesis reversal
in pathogenesis reversal
• Reversal of the pathogenesis is based upon the 
“dissolution of Segregated Dosha” which is brought 
g g g
back to Central Lumen – Kosta and eliminated – or
– Suppressive management of Dosha and Disease
• So
So, the Moorchita
the Moorchita Sneha (Taila / Ghrita) –
Sneha (Taila / Ghrita)
medicated fragmented lipid bonds join the 
segregated pathogenic Dosha in Tissues and 
di l t / li
dissolute / liquefy Dosha
f D h
• Lipid fragments leaves the drug active principle in 
Shakha (where the pathogenesis is) and lodge 
( p g ) g
dissolute Dosha to bring back to Kosta through 
mucosal secretion 
• From Koshta,  the sneha
From Koshta the sneha lodged Dosha is eliminated. 
lodged Dosha is eliminated
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 16
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Bhya‐Abhyantara
Bhya Abhyantara
Abhyantara and Bahya Sneha
• The Bahya Snehana Panchakarmas are procedures that 
include unctuous substances like oil, ghee, etc, for 
Abhyanaga, Dhara, etc. external procedures. 
y g , , p
– The oil or Ghee used absorbs in effectively on moistened 
skin. 
– The absorption rate is increased 3 times higher in moist 
The absorption rate is increased 3 times higher in moist
skin. 
– The medicated oils takes approximately 5 minutes to pass 
one dhatu barrier and requires 35 minutes to reach the 
one dhatu barrier and requires 35 minutes to reach the
ultimate dhatu. 
– The alternative routes of Sneha are called as Vicharana
y p
and when orally consumed called as Snehapana. 

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 15

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Classification of External Snehana

Classification of External Snehana
• Sarvadehika • Pradeshika
1 Abhyanga 
1. Abh 1. Gandusha
d h
2. Alepa 2. Murdhnitaila
3. Udvartana 3. Akshi tarpana
4. Mardana 4 Nasa tarpana
4.
5. Samvahana
5. Karna Punara
6. Padaghata
g
6. Mastishkya 
i hk
7. Parisheka
8 Avagaha
8.
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 14
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Selection Criteria
Selection Criteria
• Selection of Sneha karma includes many 
aspects –
• Selection of Area ‐ Full body or local 
• Procedure selection – Abhyanga, etc
• Medicine selection 
Medicine selection – Chandanadi taila, etc
taila etc
• Selection of Ushna / Sheeta veerya Dravya
• Selection of combination 
S l i f bi i
• Selection of Traditional or Advanced Procedure 

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 13

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Abhyanga
Out of many Bahya Snehana the following are listed under Vicharana 
Sneha – ABHYANGA (External Massage), GANDUSHA
Sneha  (External Massage) GANDUSHA –
Gargling, NASA TARPANA –Per Nasal Unction, KARNAPOORAN
–Ear filling Unction and AKSHITARPANA –Eye filling Unction
ABHYANGA – External Massage 
Gatra (Body) Abhyanga 
Shiro (Head) Abhyanga 
Mukha (Face) Abhyanga
P d (Pedal) Abhyanga 
Pada (P d l) Abh
Hasta (Palm) Abhyanga 
Padaghata 
Padaghata

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 12

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Dalhana Clarification
• Ayurveda suggest the • Sneha reaches –
Snana (bath) before • Romakoopa (hair follicle) 
external oil application – in 300 matra
i 300 t (95sec)
(95 )
– Abhyanaga (Massage) • Twak (Skin) 
– It facilitates the – in 400 matra (133 sec)
rapid absorption of • Rakta (Blood) 
R kt (Bl d)
the Sneha used and – in 500 matra (160 sec)
reaches the target
faster • Mamsa (muscle) 
– in 600 matra (190sec)
• In the context of
Abhyanaga, Dalhana • Medas (Fat) 
((Su.Chi. 24/30)) has – in 700 sec (228 sec)
clarified about the • Asthi (bone) 
dynamics of Sneha – in 800 matra (245 sec)
absorption from the • Majja (Marrow) 
skin
ki - – in 900 matra (285 sec)
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 11
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Selection Criteria in Anbhyanga

Selection Criteria in Anbhyanga
– Alepa – only application or massaging without any pressure  = 
Skin disease, Thin Skin 
,
– Pralepa – is cold unction non drying  application – loose skin
– Pradeha ‐ is Hot unction non drying  application – spastic 
disease
– Mardana – Massaging rhythmically with pressure = When 
muscles are cramping Grudhrasi etc
muscles are cramping , Grudhrasi, etc
– Udvartana – Massaging in reverse  =Sthoulya, Prameha, 
– Samvahana – rhythmic guiding or conducting the pressure  = 
y g g g p
Vata Vyadhi in general 
– Abhyanga – Normal Massage with moderate pressure =  All 
other conditions
other conditions 
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 10
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Selection of different strokes

Selection of different strokes
• Step‐1: Sitting Position
– Shirobhyanga, Padabhyanga, Hastabhyanga
Shirobhyanga, Padabhyanga, Hastabhyanga
• Step‐2: Supine position • Step‐3: Dorsal (prone) position
– 1) Chest stroke – A)Back linear strokes
– 2) Neck‐shoulder‐arm stroke – B) Back parallel strokes
– 3) Circular arm strokes – C) Shoulder arm strokes
– 4) Abdominal linear strokes
4) Abd i l li t k – D) Back arm stroke
– 5) Abdominal parallel strokes – E) Circular strokes
– 6) Abdominal circular strokes
6) Abdominal circular strokes – F) Linear Leg strokes
F) Linear Leg strokes
– 7) Linear leg strokes – G) Parallel leg strokes
– 8) Parallel leg strokes – H) Circular leg strokes
– 9) Circular leg strokes
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 9
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Strokes

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 8

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Oil selection
Oil selection 
• Oil is selected according to Dosha and Disease 
• But in case of chronic conditions it is necessary 
B i f h i di i i i
to use Yamakam instead of single Sneha
• In addition based on the condition need to add 
I ddi i b d h di i d dd
2‐3 different oils as combination – it could be 
keram and tailam
and tailam or tailam
or tailam and ghrutam. Etc
and ghrutam Etc
• The Ushna Taila is not necessary to use always 
but also as Sheeta Tailam according to the season
but also as Sheeta Tailam according to the season
– With this method of inclusion of Yamaka or 2‐3 oils 
we can regulate the drug effect and absorption rate
we can regulate the drug effect and absorption rate
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 7
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Mechanization of Abhyanga
Mechanization of Abhyanga
• Now a days we have so many 
machines available to reduce the
machines available to reduce the 
human involvement
• These machines are useful only to 
These machines are useful only to
exert pressure but not medicine 
penetrability to increase with 
rhythmic movements or releasing a 
spindled muscle with pain
• So as such the mechanization in 
S h h h i i i
Panchakarma is allowed to a certain 
extent but not full fledged
extent but not full fledged 
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 6
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Padaghata
• Padaghata is more 
prevalent in South India 
l i S h I di
in which a person 
massages to person 
with his feet after 
application of 
li i f
medicated oils 

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 5

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Selection Criteria
Selection Criteria
• Selection of Area
• Procedure selection
• Medicine selection
• Selection of Dravya
• Selection of combination
Selection of combination 
• Selection of Traditional or 
Ad
Advanced Procedure 
dP d

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 4

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Ghruta
Ghruta Name Indication
Sahasra Dhouta Ghruta Abhyanga Jwara
Shatavaryadi Ghruta Pradeha Raktapitta
Hapushadi Abhyanga Gulma
Shatphala Ghruta Abhyanga
Amrutaprasha Ghrutam lepa Rajayakshama
Mahakhadira Ghrutam Pradeha Visarpa
Mahatiktaka Ghrutam Parisheka Visarpa
Parushaka Parisheka Vatarakta

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 3

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Taila
Taila Name Indication
Chandana Taila Abhyanga Jwara
Madhuyashtyadi Taila Abhyanga Gulma
Kanaksheeri Taila Abhyanga Kushta
Nirgundi Taila Abhyanga Vata Vyadhi
Swadamshtradi Taila Abhyanga Vata Vyadhi
Dashamoola Taila Parisheka p
Visarpa
Pinda Taila Abhyanga Vatarakta
Lavana Taila Abhyanga Shwasa
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 2
 Selection of Bahya Snehana

01 Conclusion
Conclusion 
• External Snehana Procedures are very 
important to regulate many 
p g y
pathological conditions as 
prophylactic and also therapeutic 
models. Care to be taken between 
Evidence Based Protocols and  Fancy 
Experimental Models. 

Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 1

 Selection of Bahya Snehana

Technoayurveda Dr KSR
y Prasad
LN Ayurved College, Bhopal, MP
9290566566/[email protected]

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Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/ 0