Science, Technology, and Society

5:00 – 8:00 PM

Bachelor of Science in Business Administration Major in Marketing Management

Group 4

Leader: Shenna Lipata

Co. Leader: Jesvir Sadiarin

Members

Dioscel Dabon

Loureese Anne De Guzman

Queeny Narvasa

Ana Marie Rey

Jasmine Kimberly Riesgo

Karl Ursua
 Summary of Content

Science and Technology hold the key to the progress and development of any nation.

Technology plays a Fundamental role in wealth creation, improvement of the quality of life and

real economic growth and transformation in any society. It is also played an important role in

improving the quality of life in human settlements because these are the essential tools in every

sector of a society.

Science and technology have been central in the progress and development of virtually all

the nations of the world. It has contributed immensely in all sector of the economy. Science and

technology are intimately connected with development because; they have historical record of

bringing advances that have led to healthier, longer, wealthier and more productive lives and

they are key ingredients to solutions to the most serious poverty alleviation and economic

development challenges that we currently face and are likely to face in the future. The many

ways in which science and technology impact poverty alleviation across various sectors and

economic growth merit attention.

In everything that we do, we highlight the need for science and technology to be more

diverse and inclusive. This is necessary in order to achieve an environment that nurtures

seamless interaction and collaboration between the scientific community and society at large. It

is about achieving scientific breakthroughs that can directly impact lives of even the smallest

members of the Filipino population.

 Assigned Task
Ana Marie Rey

 Discuss the Role of Science and Technology in Philippine Nation Building

Jesvir Sadiarin

 Discuss the Government Policies on Science and Technology

Karl Ursua

 Discuss The Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda

Loureese Anne De Guzman

 The Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda

Queeny Narvasa

 The Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda

Dioscel Dabon

 Discuss the Major Development Program of ST

Shenna Lipata

 Discuss the Major Development Program of ST

Jasmine Kimberly Reisgo

 Discuss the Major Personalities of ST

 Role of Science and Technology in Philippine Nation Building

Brief Historical Background of Science and Technology in the Philippines

• Pre- Spanish Philippines (Embedded in the way of life)

- planting crops that provide them food
- taking care of animals
- interpret the movements of heavenly body to predict seasons and climates
- medical use of plants
- building houses
- developing tools
- musical instruments
• Spanish Rule (brought their own culture and practices)
-establish schools and introduced concepts of subjects and discipline
-technology focuses on using and developing tools
• Life during Spanish Era (became modernized)
-Filipinos replicated technology brought by the Spaniards using indigenous materials
-medicine and advanced science were introduced in formal college universities
• American Period (more influence in development of science and technology)
- public education system
- improved engineering works and health of the people
- mineral resources were explored and exploited
- reorganized the learning of science
- science education focused on nature of studies and science sanitation
- infrastructure
• New Republic
- focusing on using its limited resources in improving science and technology capability
- use of ODA to improve scientific productivity and technological activity.
 Government Policies on Science and Technology

 Introduced and implemented several programs, projects, and policies to boost the area of
science and technology.
 GOAL: prepare the whole country and its people to meet the demands of a
technologically driven world and capacitate people to live in a world driven by science.
The NRCP clustered these policies into four, namely
1. Social Science, Humanities, Education, International Policies and Governance.
2. Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth and Space Sciences, and Mathematics.
3. Medical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
4. Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and Forestry.
(1.) Social Science, Humanities, Education, International Policies and Governance.

 Integrating ASEAN awareness in basic education without adding to the curriculum.

 Emphasizing teaching in mother tongue.
 Developing school infrastructure and providing for ICT broadband.
 Local food security.
(2.) Physics, Engineering and Industrial Research, Earth and Space Sciences, and
Mathematics.

 Emphasizing degrees, licenses, and employment opportunities.

 Outright grants for peer monitoring.
 Review of RA 9184.
 Harnessing science and technology as an independent mover of development.
(3.) Medical, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

 Ensuring compliance of drug-manufacturing firms with ASEAN-harmonized standards

by full implementation of the FDA.
 Creating am education council dedicated to standardization of pharmaceutical services
and care.
 Empowering food and drug agencies to conduct evidence-based research as pool of
information.
 Allocating 2% of the GDP to research.
 Legislating a law supporting human genome projects.
(4.) Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and Forestry.

 Protecting and conserving biodiversity by full implementation of existing laws.

 Use of biosafety and standard mode by ASEAN countries.
 Promoting indigenous knowledge systems and indigenous people's conservation.
 Formulation of common food and safety standards.
There are also other existing programs supported by the Philippine government through
the DOST. Some of these projects are the following:

 Providing funds for basic research related to science and technology.

 Providing scholarships for undergraduate and graduate studies of students in field of
science and technology.
 Establishing more branches of the Philippine Science High School System.
 Creating a Science and technology parks
 Balik Scientist Program
 Developing science and technology parks
 Establishment of the National Science Complex
The Philippine Government Science and Technology Agenda
DOST: Advancing science, technology agenda best option for PHL growth
In a recent meeting with members of the Makati Business Club and several foreign chambers of
commerce, the government’s chief scientist Fortunato dela Peña encouraged local and foreign
businessmen to invest in technology-related enterprises. Dela Peña, Secretary of the Department
of Science and Technology (DOST), said this is relevant as the government is now investing
heavily in science and technology.

INVESTMENT
The Philippine Institute for Development Studies highlighted the weak ties between innovation-
driven firms and the government, and it also identified the country’s low expenditure in research
and development (R&D).
This can lead to significant improvements in productivity for existing firms in agriculture,
industry and services.

LAGUNDI
WHEN asked about the case of Lagundi (Vitex negundo), whose efficacy as medicine is being
challenged by drug manufacturers, DOST Assistant Secretary for International Cooperation Leah
J. Buendia said that the shrub was subjected to 20 years of stringent clinical trials and has been
proven consistently as effective.

STI CULTURE
RECENT positive developments and advancement in science and technology notwithstanding,
there remains a low level of innovation in the country. This is brought by weaknesses in STI
human capital, low R&D expenditure and weak linkages in the STI ecosystem.
The factors behind the weak performance of the STI sector include a weak STI culture, Dela
Peña said.
There is lack of public awareness and interest in STI and many sectors do not recognize,
appreciate and understand the use of technology- and science-based information in their daily
activities
RESEARCH
Low government and private spending on STI is another factor behind the weak performance of
the STI sector, according to the GII report.
Investments in R&D are central for enhancing the country’s innovation ecosystem, the report
said. Expenditures on R&D and innovation activities, as well as the support given to the
development of human resources in various fields of science and technology (S&T), are the
parameters scrutinized in the monitoring and evaluation of STI.

MANPOWER
Another indicator measuring the capacity for technology generation is the number of S&T
human resources engaged in R&D.
As of 2013, the country has a total of 36,517 R&D personnel, of which 26,495 are key
researchers, scientific, technological and engineering personnel engaged in R&D; the rest are
technicians and support personnel.
The figures denote that there are only 270 researchers for every one million Filipinos. Such ratio
falls short of the Unesco norm of 380 per million population and the 1,020 researchers per
million population average across developing economies of East Asia and the Pacific.
CAPITAL
An assessment of the country’s innovation system conducted by a program of the United States
Agency for International Development (Usaid) reveals that the supply of Stem graduates exceeds
local demand.
This somewhat explains the nature of brain drain the country has. It is not so much because of
Filipinos not being “nationalistic” but simply because there is limited opportunity for people of
science to stay in the country.

PATENTS
The output of R&D is commonly measured in terms of patents applied and granted to Filipino
residents.
However, reports show that many universities do not have the expertise to market their patent
portfolios for commercial use. Furthermore, technology generators face persisting issues on
technology ownership while researchers are constrained by the “publish or perish” phenomenon.
This results in the weak technology transfer system in the country.
ECOSYSTEM
Another factor behind the weak performance of the STI sector is the weak linkages among
players in the STI ecosystem.
The 2009 survey of Innovation Activities and the 2014 Usaid-Stride Assessment of the
Philippine Innovation Ecosystem discovered that innovation actors have weak cooperation,
partnerships and trust among themselves. Most HEIs perceive collaboration with companies as
outside of their core missions and a risk to exploitation.
HOPES
Despite the many inadequacies, from funding to human capital, there are some technology-
intensive research and capacity-building projects which resulted in products which are currently
being used successfully.
One is the micro-satellite.
Another hope lies in the so-called Intelligent Operation Center Platform.
INITIATIVES
The DOST, in cooperation with HEIs and research institutions, established advanced facilities
that seek to spur R&D activities and provide MSMEs access to testing services needed to
increase their productivity and competitive advantage.
One is the Advanced Device and Materials Testing Laboratories. The center houses advanced
equipment for failure analysis and materials characterization to address advanced analytical
needs for quality control, materials identification and R&D. Closely related to this facility is the
Electronics Products Development Center, used to design, develop and test hardware and
software for electronic products.

Major Development programs of Science and Technology in the Philippines

The year 2016 marked the beginning of a change in government administration and the
transformation in implementing various government programs. With the onset of the new
Administration and its socio-economic agenda, the Department geared its programs and projects
by

1) optimizing outcomes from investments in research and development,

These kinds of S&T interventions such as increasing yield, developing new and
innovative products, reducing malnutrition, discovering new sources of drugs, facilitating
access to health care, providing alternative transportation options create the biggest
impact on the people that we serve.

2) implementing environmental sustainability and disaster risk reduction, mitigation and

adaptation initiatives,

Providing technological solutions to impoverished communities become more

innovative, move up the value chain, improve productivity and competitiveness, thereby
strategically spreading the benefits of economic growth to all.
3) hastening countryside development, and

Support scholarship opportunities for high school to graduate degree programs, conduct
training of trainer-teachers, and collaborate with other agencies to promote science and
technology across the regions.

4) developing capability relevant to technology-based economic activities.

Utilizing the power of science and technology in protecting lives and properties through
timely and quality weather and other natural calamities. The need for the advancement of
the national capability in this respect necessitate investments in various programs and
technology development which offer bountiful benefits in making communities safe and
with greater resilience to different natural and man-made hazards.

Major programs and projects carried out by the DOST and Regional Offices in
collaboration with industry-partners, stakeholders, and academe.

 To preserve the environment and reduce the impact of disasters by providing science-
based information on weather, climate change and geological hazards, the DOST also
continued the implementation of the following major programs and projects such as
Launching of the Philippine microsatellite Diwata1, establishing the Philippine Earth
Data Resource Observation (PEDRO), hazard mapping of the Philippines using Lidar
(Phil-LIDAR 1 and 2), distribution of early warning systems in disaster-prone areas,
establishment of radars and flood forecasting and warning centers and improvement of
volcano monitoring systems among others.
 To provide leverage for rural and urban enterprises and keep up with the latest
technological developments through access to S&T facilities and technical services, the
DOST continued the implementation of several programs in the regions like the Small
Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program (SETUP), Community Empowerment
through Science and Technology (CEST), OneLab, One Store and One Expert.

 To develop highly-skilled and globally-competitive S&T human resource, the

Department sustained implementation of various scholarship programs from high school
to graduate degree programs, conducted trainings in collaboration with other government
agencies and deployed S&T Academic Research-based Openly Operated Kiosks
(STARBOOKS) to far flung schools without access to internet nationwide.

DOST UNDERGRADUATE SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMS

The DOST provides scholarship assistance to deserving students who intend to pursue an S&T
career. The following are the scholarship programs implemented in the region:
 RA 7687 Scholarship (RA 7687) provides scholarship slots to poor but deserving students
whose families’ annual gross incomes do not exceed the poverty threshold limit. The
scholar must pursue a course in the field of science, mathematics and engineering leading
to a Bachelor of Science degree.
DOST-SEI Undergraduate Scholarship (MERIT Scholarship) is known also as Project 5801
Education or DOST-SEI Undergraduate Scientific Manpower Development Program. It
awards scholarship slots to incoming freshmen who wish to pursue priority courses in the
basic sciences, applied sciences, physics teaching and engineering at identified
universities. The program is awarded to deserving students whose family annual gross
income exceeds the regional poverty threshold.

Technology Transfer and Commercialization

The different S&T interventions have been aggressively delivered with the implementation of the
Small Enterprise Technology Upgrading Program (SETUP). SETUP is a nationwide strategy to
encourage and assist MSMEs as well as private and government institutions to implement
technological innovations in order to enhance their competitiveness and support the economic
development in the countryside.

The program enables beneficiaries to address their technical problems through technology
transfer and technology interventions to improve product quality, develop human resources,
minimize cost, enhance waste management, and other operation related activities.

Philippine Space Science Education Program

PSSEP seeks to create awareness among the students on career opportunities in the various fields
of science and engineering including space science that would raise standards and address skill
shortages in this discipline. It also highlights space technology applications in critical areas such
as disaster mitigation, environment planning and management, industry and food security. The
PSSEP culminates with the celebration of the World Space Week (WSW) every year with SEI as
the national lead organizer.
DOST-SEI launches new science bus “nuLab”

Senior high school students can get a glimpse of the emerging science careers in
“nuLab”, the new mobile science learning facility of the Department of Science and Technology-
Science Education Institute (DOST-SEI). The advanced STEM modules feature topics such as
nanotechnology, aerospace engineering, nuclear science, earthquake risk analysis, science media
literacy, programming, oceanography, robotics, entomology, and environmental science. The
modules are specially designed to help students discover their potentials in the various STEM
fields and to encourage them to take tertiary courses where they are most inclined to succeed and
excel. In nuLab, students are also encouraged to apply to the DOST-SEI Undergraduate
Scholarships, the agency’s flagship program.

DOST-SEI, C&E Publishing training for student innovators

15 senior high school teams from public and private schools in the country were selected to
participate in the five-day training/workshop on Arduino programming on September 9-13, 2019
at the Century Park Hotel in Manila. The event is part of imake.wemake, an innovative
technology project contest organized by the Department of Science and Technology-Science
Education Institute (DOST-SEI) in partnership with C&E Publishing, Inc.
The Science, Technology, Research, and Innovation for Development (STRIDE) Project is a
five-year $32 million initiative of the United States Agency for International Development
designed to spur inclusive economic growth in the Philippines by boosting science and
technology research.
Implemented by RTI International, the STRIDE project works closely with Philippine academic
institutions and industries to transform their capacity to produce research, university graduates
with industry-relevant skills and training, and innovative partnerships to accelerate development
in the country.
Major Personalities in S&T in the Philippines
1. Angel C. Alcala - Filipino biologist who was named a National Scientist of the Philippines in
2014. Alcala is known for his fieldwork to build sanctuaries and to promote biodiversity in the
aquatic ecosystems of the Philippines. He was the first Filipino scientist to take an in-depth
interest in researching the native reptiles and amphibians of the Philippines, and he was
responsible for the identification of at least 50 new reptile and amphibian species. Dr. Alcala
may be best known for his research related to the rehabilitation of coral reefs.
2. Ramon Cabanos Barba - Filipino inventor and horticulturist best known for inventing a way
to induce more flowers in mango trees using ethrel and potassium nitrate. Barba was proclaimed
a National Scientist of the Philippines in June 2014. Ramon Barba made several beneficial
discoveries that were used to improve the production and growth of plants and their fruit, but the
first and most important was flower induction of mango trees.
3. Edgardo D. Gomez, Ph. D. - Filipino biologist who was conferred the rank of National
Scientist of the Philippines in 2014. He is a professor emeritus for marine biology at the
University of the Philippines Marine Science Institute. Dr. Edgardo Gomez is recognized for his
contributions in marine ecosystems, coral reef ecology and conservation, reestablishment of
giant clam stocks, and marine science capability enhancement.
4. Gavino Cajulao Trono Jr., Ph.D. - Filipino biologist dubbed as the "Father of Kappaphycus
farming". He was conferred the rank of National Scientist of the Philippines for contributions to
the study of tropical marine phycology, focusing on seaweed biodiversity.

References:
https://businessmirror.com.ph/2018/02/21/dost-advancing-science-technology-agenda-best-
option-for-phl-growth/?
fbclid=IwAR1zJKTXF8xjgXE9k6ioZ6OGBYEWxMD0mHtOCSIUUWF3RyzWTPFVbnmPVSQ
http://spheres.dost.gov.ph/sci-profile.php?i=000140
http://www.sei.dost.gov.ph/index.php/programs-and-projects
https://lsi.fsu.edu/projects/current-projects/science-technology-research-and-innovation-for-
development-philippines/
http://region6.dost.gov.ph/technology-transfer-and-commercialization/
https://www.slideshare.net
https://www.scribd.com/presentation/398745260/Science-Technology-And-Nation-building
https://study.com/academy/lesson/ramon-barba-biography-contributions-inventions.html
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