Be It Enacted by The Senate and House of Representatives of The Philippines in Congress

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9165
Congress of the Philippines

Twelfth Congress
First Regular Session
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165 June 7, 2002
AN ACT INSTITUTING THE COMPREHENSIVE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 2002, REPEALING REPUBLIC
ACT NO. 6425, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE DANGEROUS DRUGS ACT OF 1972, AS AMENDED,
PROVIDING FUNDS THEREFOR, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress
Section 1. Short Title. – This Act shall be known and cited as the "Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002".
Section 2. Declaration of Policy. – It is the policy of the State to safeguard the integrity of its territory and the well-
being of its citizenry particularly the youth, from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs on their physical and mental
well-being, and to defend the same against acts or omissions detrimental to their development and preservation. In
view of the foregoing, the State needs to enhance further the efficacy of the law against dangerous drugs, it being
one of today's more serious social ills.
Toward this end, the government shall pursue an intensive and unrelenting campaign against the trafficking and use
of dangerous drugs and other similar substances through an integrated system of planning, implementation and
enforcement of anti-drug abuse policies, programs, and projects. The government shall however aim to achieve a
balance in the national drug control program so that people with legitimate medical needs are not prevented from
being treated with adequate amounts of appropriate medications, which include the use of dangerous drugs.
It is further declared the policy of the State to provide effective mechanisms or measures to re-integrate into society
individuals who have fallen victims to drug abuse or dangerous drug dependence through sustainable programs of
treatment and rehabilitation.
ARTICLE I
Definition of terms
Section 3. Definitions. As used in this Act, the following terms shall mean:
(a) Administer. – Any act of introducing any dangerous drug into the body of any person, with or without his/her
knowledge, by injection, inhalation, ingestion or other means, or of committing any act of indispensable assistance to
a person in administering a dangerous drug to himself/herself unless administered by a duly licensed practitioner for
purposes of medication.
(b) Board. - Refers to the Dangerous Drugs Board under Section 77, Article IX of this Act.
(c) Centers. - Any of the treatment and rehabilitation centers for drug dependents referred to in Section 34, Article
VIII of this Act.
(d) Chemical Diversion. – The sale, distribution, supply or transport of legitimately imported, in-transit, manufactured
or procured controlled precursors and essential chemicals, in diluted, mixtures or in concentrated form, to any person
or entity engaged in the manufacture of any dangerous drug, and shall include packaging, repackaging, labeling,
relabeling or concealment of such transaction through fraud, destruction of documents, fraudulent use of permits,
misdeclaration, use of front companies or mail fraud.
(e) Clandestine Laboratory. – Any facility used for the illegal manufacture of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical.
(f) Confirmatory Test. – An analytical test using a device, tool or equipment with a different chemical or physical
principle that is more specific which will validate and confirm the result of the screening test.
(g) Controlled Delivery. – The investigative technique of allowing an unlawful or suspect consignment of any
dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical, equipment or paraphernalia, or property
believed to be derived directly or indirectly from any offense, to pass into, through or out of the country under the
supervision of an authorized officer, with a view to gathering evidence to identify any person involved in any
dangerous drugs related offense, or to facilitate prosecution of that offense.
(h) Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals. – Include those listed in Tables I and II of the 1988 UN
Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances as enumerated in the attached
annex, which is an integral part of this Act.
(i) Cultivate or Culture. – Any act of knowingly planting, growing, raising, or permitting the planting, growing or raising
of any plant which is the source of a dangerous drug.
(j) Dangerous Drugs. – Include those listed in the Schedules annexed to the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic
Drugs, as amended by the 1972 Protocol, and in the Schedules annexed to the 1971 Single Convention on
Psychotropic Substances as enumerated in the attached annex which is an integral part of this Act.
(k) Deliver. – Any act of knowingly passing a dangerous drug to another, personally or otherwise, and by any means,
with or without consideration.
(l) Den, Dive or Resort. – A place where any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical is
administered, delivered, stored for illegal purposes, distributed, sold or used in any form.
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(m) Dispense. – Any act of giving away, selling or distributing medicine or any dangerous drug with or without the
use of prescription.
(n) Drug Dependence. – As based on the World Health Organization definition, it is a cluster of physiological,
behavioral and cognitive phenomena of variable intensity, in which the use of psychoactive drug takes on a high
priority thereby involving, among others, a strong desire or a sense of compulsion to take the substance and the
difficulties in controlling substance-taking behavior in terms of its onset, termination, or levels of use.
(o) Drug Syndicate. – Any organized group of two (2) or more persons forming or joining together with the intention
of committing any offense prescribed under this Act.
(p) Employee of Den, Dive or Resort. – The caretaker, helper, watchman, lookout, and other persons working in the
den, dive or resort, employed by the maintainer, owner and/or operator where any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical is administered, delivered, distributed, sold or used, with or without compensation,
in connection with the operation thereof.
(q) Financier. – Any person who pays for, raises or supplies money for, or underwrites any of the illegal activities
prescribed under this Act.
(r) Illegal Trafficking. – The illegal cultivation, culture, delivery, administration, dispensation, manufacture, sale,
trading, transportation, distribution, importation, exportation and possession of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical.
(s) Instrument. – Any thing that is used in or intended to be used in any manner in the commission of illegal drug
trafficking or related offenses.
(t) Laboratory Equipment. – The paraphernalia, apparatus, materials or appliances when used, intended for use or
designed for use in the manufacture of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical, such
as reaction vessel, preparative/purifying equipment, fermentors, separatory funnel, flask, heating mantle, gas
generator, or their substitute.
(u) Manufacture. – The production, preparation, compounding or processing of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical, either directly or indirectly or by extraction from substances of natural origin, or
independently by means of chemical synthesis or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis, and shall
include any packaging or repackaging of such substances, design or configuration of its form, or labeling or
relabeling of its container; except that such terms do not include the preparation, compounding, packaging or
labeling of a drug or other substances by a duly authorized practitioner as an incident to his/her administration or
dispensation of such drug or substance in the course of his/her professional practice including research, teaching
and chemical analysis of dangerous drugs or such substances that are not intended for sale or for any other
purpose.
(v) Cannabis or commonly known as "Marijuana" or "Indian Hemp" or by its any other name. – Embraces every kind,
class, genus, or specie of the plant Cannabis sativa L. including, but not limited to, Cannabis americana, hashish,
bhang, guaza, churrus and ganjab, and embraces every kind, class and character of marijuana, whether dried or
fresh and flowering, flowering or fruiting tops, or any part or portion of the plant and seeds thereof, and all its
geographic varieties, whether as a reefer, resin, extract, tincture or in any form whatsoever.
(w) Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) or commonly known as "Ecstasy", or by its any other name. – Refers
to the drug having such chemical composition, including any of its isomers or derivatives in any form.
(x) Methamphetamine Hydrochloride or commonly known as "Shabu", "Ice", "Meth", or by its any other name. –
Refers to the drug having such chemical composition, including any of its isomers or derivatives in any form.
(y) Opium. – Refers to the coagulated juice of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) and embraces every kind,
class and character of opium, whether crude or prepared; the ashes or refuse of the same; narcotic preparations
thereof or therefrom; morphine or any alkaloid of opium; preparations in which opium, morphine or any alkaloid of
opium enters as an ingredient; opium poppy; opium poppy straw; and leaves or wrappings of opium leaves, whether
prepared for use or not.
(z) Opium Poppy. – Refers to any part of the plant of the species Papaver somniferum L., Papaver setigerum DC,
Papaver orientale, Papaver bracteatum and Papaver rhoeas, which includes the seeds, straws, branches, leaves or
any part thereof, or substances derived therefrom, even for floral, decorative and culinary purposes.
(aa) PDEA. – Refers to the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency under Section 82, Article IX of this Act.
(bb) Person. – Any entity, natural or juridical, including among others, a corporation, partnership, trust or estate, joint
stock company, association, syndicate, joint venture or other unincorporated organization or group capable of
acquiring rights or entering into obligations.
(cc) Planting of Evidence. – The willful act by any person of maliciously and surreptitiously inserting, placing, adding
or attaching directly or indirectly, through any overt or covert act, whatever quantity of any dangerous drug and/or
controlled precursor and essential chemical in the person, house, effects or in the immediate vicinity of an innocent
individual for the purpose of implicating, incriminating or imputing the commission of any violation of this Act.
(dd) Practitioner. – Any person who is a licensed physician, dentist, chemist, medical technologist, nurse, midwife,
veterinarian or pharmacist in the Philippines.
(ee) Protector/Coddler. – Any person who knowingly and willfully consents to the unlawful acts provided for in this
Act and uses his/her influence, power or position in shielding, harboring, screening or facilitating the escape of any
person he/she knows, or has reasonable grounds to believe on or suspects, has violated the provisions of this Act in
order to prevent the arrest, prosecution and conviction of the violator.
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(ff) Pusher. – Any person who sells, trades, administers, dispenses, delivers or gives away to another, on any terms
whatsoever, or distributes, dispatches in transit or transports dangerous drugs or who acts as a broker in any of such
transactions, in violation of this Act.
(gg) School. – Any educational institution, private or public, undertaking educational operation for pupils/students
pursuing certain studies at defined levels, receiving instructions from teachers, usually located in a building or a
group of buildings in a particular physical or cyber site.
(hh) Screening Test. – A rapid test performed to establish potential/presumptive positive result.
(ii) Sell. – Any act of giving away any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical whether for
money or any other consideration.
(jj) Trading. – Transactions involving the illegal trafficking of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and
essential chemicals using electronic devices such as, but not limited to, text messages, email, mobile or landlines,
two-way radios, internet, instant messengers and chat rooms or acting as a broker in any of such transactions
whether for money or any other consideration in violation of this Act.
(kk) Use. – Any act of injecting, intravenously or intramuscularly, of consuming, either by chewing, smoking, sniffing,
eating, swallowing, drinking or otherwise introducing into the physiological system of the body, and of the dangerous
drugs.
ARTICLE II
Unlawful Acts and Penalties
Section 4. Importation of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals.- .The penalty of
life imprisonment to death and a ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person, who, unless authorized by law, shall import or bring into the
Philippines any dangerous drug, regardless of the quantity and purity involved, including any and all species of
opium poppy or any part thereof or substances derived therefrom even for floral, decorative and culinary purposes.
The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine ranging
from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) shall be imposed
upon any person, who, unless authorized by law, shall import any controlled precursor and essential chemical.
The maximum penalty provided for under this Section shall be imposed upon any person, who, unless authorized
under this Act, shall import or bring into the Philippines any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential
chemical through the use of a diplomatic passport, diplomatic facilities or any other means involving his/her official
status intended to facilitate the unlawful entry of the same. In addition, the diplomatic passport shall be confiscated
and canceled.
The maximum penalty provided for under this Section shall be imposed upon any person, who organizes, manages
or acts as a "financier" of any of the illegal activities prescribed in this Section.
The penalty of twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years of imprisonment and a fine ranging from One
hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) shall be imposed upon any
person, who acts as a "protector/coddler" of any violator of the provisions under this Section.
Section 5. Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution and Transportation of Dangerous Drugs
and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals. - The penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging
from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed upon any
person, who, unless authorized by law, shall sell, trade, administer, dispense, deliver, give away to another, distribute
dispatch in transit or transport any dangerous drug, including any and all species of opium poppy regardless of the
quantity and purity involved, or shall act as a broker in any of such transactions.
upon any person, who, unless authorized by law, shall sell, trade, administer, dispense, deliver, give away to another,
distribute, dispatch in transit or transport any controlled precursor and essential chemical, or shall act as a broker in
such transactions.
If the sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution or transportation of any dangerous drug and/or
controlled precursor and essential chemical transpires within one hundred (100) meters from the school, the
maximum penalty shall be imposed in every case.
For drug pushers who use minors or mentally incapacitated individuals as runners, couriers and messengers, or in
any other capacity directly connected to the dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemical
trade, the maximum penalty shall be imposed in every case.
If the victim of the offense is a minor or a mentally incapacitated individual, or should a dangerous drug and/or a
controlled precursor and essential chemical involved in any offense herein provided be the proximate cause of death
of a victim thereof, the maximum penalty provided for under this Section shall be imposed.
The maximum penalty provided for under this Section shall be imposed upon any person who organizes, manages
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Section 6. Maintenance of a Den, Dive or Resort. - The penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from
Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed upon any
person or group of persons who shall maintain a den, dive or resort where any dangerous drug is used or sold in any
form.
upon any person or group of persons who shall maintain a den, dive, or resort where any controlled precursor and
essential chemical is used or sold in any form.
The maximum penalty provided for under this Section shall be imposed in every case where any dangerous drug is
administered, delivered or sold to a minor who is allowed to use the same in such a place.
Should any dangerous drug be the proximate cause of the death of a person using the same in such den, dive or
resort, the penalty of death and a fine ranging from One million (P1,000,000.00) to Fifteen million pesos
(P500,000.00) shall be imposed on the maintainer, owner and/or operator.
If such den, dive or resort is owned by a third person, the same shall be confiscated and escheated in favor of the
government: Provided, That the criminal complaint shall specifically allege that such place is intentionally used in the
furtherance of the crime: Provided, further, That the prosecution shall prove such intent on the part of the owner to
use the property for such purpose: Provided, finally, That the owner shall be included as an accused in the criminal
complaint.
The maximum penalty provided for under this Section shall be imposed upon any person who organizes, manages
The penalty twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years of imprisonment and a fine ranging from One
Section 7. Employees and Visitors of a Den, Dive or Resort. - The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12)
years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to
Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) shall be imposed upon:
(a) Any employee of a den, dive or resort, who is aware of the nature of the place as such; and
(b) Any person who, not being included in the provisions of the next preceding, paragraph, is aware of the
nature of the place as such and shall knowingly visit the same
Section 8. Manufacture of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals. - The penalty of
life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person, who, unless authorized by law, shall engage in the
manufacture of any dangerous drug.
upon any person, who, unless authorized by law, shall manufacture any controlled precursor and essential chemical.
The presence of any controlled precursor and essential chemical or laboratory equipment in the clandestine
laboratory is a prima facie proof of manufacture of any dangerous drug. It shall be considered an aggravating
circumstance if the clandestine laboratory is undertaken or established under the following circumstances:
(a) Any phase of the manufacturing process was conducted in the presence or with the help of minor/s:
(b) Any phase or manufacturing process was established or undertaken within one hundred (100) meters of a
residential, business, church or school premises;
(c) Any clandestine laboratory was secured or protected with booby traps;
(d) Any clandestine laboratory was concealed with legitimate business operations; or
(e) Any employment of a practitioner, chemical engineer, public official or foreigner.
Section 9. Illegal Chemical Diversion of Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals. - The penalty of
imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine ranging from One
person, who, unless authorized by law, shall illegally divert any controlled precursor and essential chemical.
Section 10. Manufacture or Delivery of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus, and Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous
Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals. - The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve
(12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00)
to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person who shall deliver, possess with
intent to deliver, or manufacture with intent to deliver equipment, instrument, apparatus and other paraphernalia for
dangerous drugs, knowing, or under circumstances where one reasonably should know, that it will be used to plant,
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propagate, cultivate, grow, harvest, manufacture, compound, convert, produce, process, prepare, test, analyze,
pack, repack, store, contain or conceal any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical in
violation of this Act.
The penalty of imprisonment ranging from six (6) months and one (1) day to four (4) years and a fine ranging from
Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) shall be imposed if it will be used to inject,
ingest, inhale or otherwise introduce into the human body a dangerous drug in violation of this Act.
The maximum penalty provided for under this Section shall be imposed upon any person, who uses a minor or a
mentally incapacitated individual to deliver such equipment, instrument, apparatus and other paraphernalia for
dangerous drugs.
Section 11. Possession of Dangerous Drugs. - The penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from
Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed upon any
person, who, unless authorized by law, shall possess any dangerous drug in the following quantities, regardless of
the degree of purity thereof:
(1) 10 grams or more of opium;
(2) 10 grams or more of morphine;
(3) 10 grams or more of heroin;
(4) 10 grams or more of cocaine or cocaine hydrochloride;
(5) 50 grams or more of methamphetamine hydrochloride or "shabu";
(6) 10 grams or more of marijuana resin or marijuana resin oil;
(7) 500 grams or more of marijuana; and
(8) 10 grams or more of other dangerous drugs such as, but not limited to, methylenedioxymethamphetamine
(MDA) or "ecstasy", paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA), trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA), lysergic acid
diethylamine (LSD), gamma hydroxyamphetamine (GHB), and those similarly designed or newly introduced
drugs and their derivatives, without having any therapeutic value or if the quantity possessed is far beyond
therapeutic requirements, as determined and promulgated by the Board in accordance to Section 93, Article
XI of this Act.
Otherwise, if the quantity involved is less than the foregoing quantities, the penalties shall be graduated as follows:
(1) Life imprisonment and a fine ranging from Four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00) to Five hundred
thousand pesos (P500,000.00), if the quantity of methamphetamine hydrochloride or "shabu" is ten (10) grams
or more but less than fifty (50) grams;
(2) Imprisonment of twenty (20) years and one (1) day to life imprisonment and a fine ranging from Four
hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00) to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), if the quantities of
dangerous drugs are five (5) grams or more but less than ten (10) grams of opium, morphine, heroin, cocaine
or cocaine hydrochloride, marijuana resin or marijuana resin oil, methamphetamine hydrochloride or "shabu",
or other dangerous drugs such as, but not limited to, MDMA or "ecstasy", PMA, TMA, LSD, GHB, and those
similarly designed or newly introduced drugs and their derivatives, without having any therapeutic value or if
the quantity possessed is far beyond therapeutic requirements; or three hundred (300) grams or more but less
than five (hundred) 500) grams of marijuana; and
(3) Imprisonment of twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine ranging from Three
hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00) to Four hundred thousand pesos (P400,000.00), if the quantities of
dangerous drugs are less than five (5) grams of opium, morphine, heroin, cocaine or cocaine hydrochloride,
marijuana resin or marijuana resin oil, methamphetamine hydrochloride or "shabu", or other dangerous drugs
such as, but not limited to, MDMA or "ecstasy", PMA, TMA, LSD, GHB, and those similarly designed or newly
introduced drugs and their derivatives, without having any therapeutic value or if the quantity possessed is far
beyond therapeutic requirements; or less than three hundred (300) grams of marijuana.
Section 12. Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs. - The
penalty of imprisonment ranging from six (6) months and one (1) day to four (4) years and a fine ranging from Ten
thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person, who, unless
authorized by law, shall possess or have under his/her control any equipment, instrument, apparatus and other
paraphernalia fit or intended for smoking, consuming, administering, injecting, ingesting, or introducing any
dangerous drug into the body: Provided, That in the case of medical practitioners and various professionals who are
required to carry such equipment, instrument, apparatus and other paraphernalia in the practice of their profession,
the Board shall prescribe the necessary implementing guidelines thereof.
The possession of such equipment, instrument, apparatus and other paraphernalia fit or intended for any of the
purposes enumerated in the preceding paragraph shall be prima facie evidence that the possessor has smoked,
consumed, administered to himself/herself, injected, ingested or used a dangerous drug and shall be presumed to
have violated Section 15 of this Act.
Section 13. Possession of Dangerous Drugs During Parties, Social Gatherings or Meetings. – Any person found
possessing any dangerous drug during a party, or at a social gathering or meeting, or in the proximate company of at
least two (2) persons, shall suffer the maximum penalties provided for in Section 11 of this Act, regardless of the
quantity and purity of such dangerous drugs.
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Section 14. Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and Other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs During
Parties, Social Gatherings or Meetings. - The maximum penalty provided for in Section 12 of this Act shall be
imposed upon any person, who shall possess or have under his/her control any equipment, instrument, apparatus
and other paraphernalia fit or intended for smoking, consuming, administering, injecting, ingesting, or introducing any
dangerous drug into the body, during parties, social gatherings or meetings, or in the proximate company of at least
two (2) persons.
Section 15. Use of Dangerous Drugs. – A person apprehended or arrested, who is found to be positive for use of
any dangerous drug, after a confirmatory test, shall be imposed a penalty of a minimum of six (6) months
rehabilitation in a government center for the first offense, subject to the provisions of Article VIII of this Act. If
apprehended using any dangerous drug for the second time, he/she shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment ranging
from six (6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years and a fine ranging from Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) to
Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00): Provided, That this Section shall not be applicable where the person
tested is also found to have in his/her possession such quantity of any dangerous drug provided for under Section 11
of this Act, in which case the provisions stated therein shall apply.
Section 16. Cultivation or Culture of Plants Classified as Dangerous Drugs or are Sources Thereof. - The penalty of
life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos
(P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person, who shall plant, cultivate or culture marijuana, opium poppy or
any other plant regardless of quantity, which is or may hereafter be classified as a dangerous drug or as a source
from which any dangerous drug may be manufactured or derived: Provided, That in the case of medical laboratories
and medical research centers which cultivate or culture marijuana, opium poppy and other plants, or materials of
such dangerous drugs for medical experiments and research purposes, or for the creation of new types of medicine,
the Board shall prescribe the necessary implementing guidelines for the proper cultivation, culture, handling,
experimentation and disposal of such plants and materials.
The land or portions thereof and/or greenhouses on which any of said plants is cultivated or cultured shall be
confiscated and escheated in favor of the State, unless the owner thereof can prove lack of knowledge of such
cultivation or culture despite the exercise of due diligence on his/her part. If the land involved is part of the public
domain, the maximum penalty provided for under this Section shall be imposed upon the offender.
Section 17. Maintenance and Keeping of Original Records of Transactions on Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled
Precursors and Essential Chemicals. - The penalty of imprisonment ranging from one (1) year and one (1) day to six
(6) years and a fine ranging from Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) shall be
imposed upon any practitioner, manufacturer, wholesaler, importer, distributor, dealer or retailer who violates or fails
to comply with the maintenance and keeping of the original records of transactions on any dangerous drug and/or
controlled precursor and essential chemical in accordance with Section 40 of this Act.
An additional penalty shall be imposed through the revocation of the license to practice his/her profession, in case of
a practitioner, or of the business, in case of a manufacturer, seller, importer, distributor, dealer or retailer.
Section 18. Unnecessary Prescription of Dangerous Drugs. – The penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12)
years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years and a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00) to
Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) and the additional penalty of the revocation of his/her license to
practice shall be imposed upon the practitioner, who shall prescribe any dangerous drug to any person whose
physical or physiological condition does not require the use or in the dosage prescribed therein, as determined by
the Board in consultation with recognized competent experts who are authorized representatives of professional
organizations of practitioners, particularly those who are involved in the care of persons with severe pain.
Section 19. Unlawful Prescription of Dangerous Drugs. – The penalty of life imprisonment to death and a fine
ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00) shall be imposed
upon any person, who, unless authorized by law, shall make or issue a prescription or any other writing purporting to
be a prescription for any dangerous drug.
Section 20. Confiscation and Forfeiture of the Proceeds or Instruments of the Unlawful Act, Including the Properties
or Proceeds Derived from the Illegal Trafficking of Dangerous Drugs and/or Precursors and Essential Chemicals. –
Every penalty imposed for the unlawful importation, sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution,
transportation or manufacture of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical, the
cultivation or culture of plants which are sources of dangerous drugs, and the possession of any equipment,
instrument, apparatus and other paraphernalia for dangerous drugs including other laboratory equipment, shall carry
with it the confiscation and forfeiture, in favor of the government, of all the proceeds and properties derived from the
unlawful act, including, but not limited to, money and other assets obtained thereby, and the instruments or tools with
which the particular unlawful act was committed, unless they are the property of a third person not liable for the
unlawful act, but those which are not of lawful commerce shall be ordered destroyed without delay pursuant to the
provisions of Section 21 of this Act.
After conviction in the Regional Trial Court in the appropriate criminal case filed, the Court shall immediately
schedule a hearing for the confiscation and forfeiture of all the proceeds of the offense and all the assets and
properties of the accused either owned or held by him or in the name of some other persons if the same shall be
found to be manifestly out of proportion to his/her lawful income: Provided, however, That if the forfeited property is a
vehicle, the same shall be auctioned off not later than five (5) days upon order of confiscation or forfeiture.
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During the pendency of the case in the Regional Trial Court, no property, or income derived therefrom, which may be
confiscated and forfeited, shall be disposed, alienated or transferred and the same shall be in custodia legis and no
bond shall be admitted for the release of the same.
The proceeds of any sale or disposition of any property confiscated or forfeited under this Section shall be used to
pay all proper expenses incurred in the proceedings for the confiscation, forfeiture, custody and maintenance of the
property pending disposition, as well as expenses for publication and court costs. The proceeds in excess of the
above expenses shall accrue to the Board to be used in its campaign against illegal drugs.
Section 21. Custody and Disposition of Confiscated, Seized, and/or Surrendered Dangerous Drugs, Plant Sources
of Dangerous Drugs, Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals, Instruments/Paraphernalia and/or Laboratory
Equipment. – The PDEA shall take charge and have custody of all dangerous drugs, plant sources of dangerous
drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals, as well as instruments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory
equipment so confiscated, seized and/or surrendered, for proper disposition in the following manner:
(1) The apprehending team having initial custody and control of the drugs shall, immediately after seizure and
confiscation, physically inventory and photograph the same in the presence of the accused or the person/s
from whom such items were confiscated and/or seized, or his/her representative or counsel, a representative
from the media and the Department of Justice (DOJ), and any elected public official who shall be required to
sign the copies of the inventory and be given a copy thereof;
(2) Within twenty-four (24) hours upon confiscation/seizure of dangerous drugs, plant sources of dangerous
drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals, as well as instruments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory
equipment, the same shall be submitted to the PDEA Forensic Laboratory for a qualitative and quantitative
examination;
(3) A certification of the forensic laboratory examination results, which shall be done under oath by the
forensic laboratory examiner, shall be issued within twenty-four (24) hours after the receipt of the subject
item/s: Provided, That when the volume of the dangerous drugs, plant sources of dangerous drugs, and
controlled precursors and essential chemicals does not allow the completion of testing within the time frame, a
partial laboratory examination report shall be provisionally issued stating therein the quantities of dangerous
drugs still to be examined by the forensic laboratory: Provided, however, That a final certification shall be
issued on the completed forensic laboratory examination on the same within the next twenty-four (24) hours;
(4) After the filing of the criminal case, the Court shall, within seventy-two (72) hours, conduct an ocular
inspection of the confiscated, seized and/or surrendered dangerous drugs, plant sources of dangerous drugs,
and controlled precursors and essential chemicals, including the instruments/paraphernalia and/or laboratory
equipment, and through the PDEA shall within twenty-four (24) hours thereafter proceed with the destruction
or burning of the same, in the presence of the accused or the person/s from whom such items were
confiscated and/or seized, or his/her representative or counsel, a representative from the media and the DOJ,
civil society groups and any elected public official. The Board shall draw up the guidelines on the manner of
proper disposition and destruction of such item/s which shall be borne by the offender: Provided, That those
item/s of lawful commerce, as determined by the Board, shall be donated, used or recycled for legitimate
purposes: Provided, further, That a representative sample, duly weighed and recorded is retained;
(5) The Board shall then issue a sworn certification as to the fact of destruction or burning of the subject item/s
which, together with the representative sample/s in the custody of the PDEA, shall be submitted to the court
having jurisdiction over the case. In all instances, the representative sample/s shall be kept to a minimum
quantity as determined by the Board;
(6) The alleged offender or his/her representative or counsel shall be allowed to personally observe all of the
above proceedings and his/her presence shall not constitute an admission of guilt. In case the said offender or
accused refuses or fails to appoint a representative after due notice in writing to the accused or his/her
counsel within seventy-two (72) hours before the actual burning or destruction of the evidence in question, the
Secretary of Justice shall appoint a member of the public attorney's office to represent the former;
(7) After the promulgation and judgment in the criminal case wherein the representative sample/s was
presented as evidence in court, the trial prosecutor shall inform the Board of the final termination of the case
and, in turn, shall request the court for leave to turn over the said representative sample/s to the PDEA for
proper disposition and destruction within twenty-four (24) hours from receipt of the same; and
(8) Transitory Provision: a) Within twenty-four (24) hours from the effectivity of this Act, dangerous drugs
defined herein which are presently in possession of law enforcement agencies shall, with leave of court, be
burned or destroyed, in the presence of representatives of the Court, DOJ, Department of Health (DOH) and
the accused/and or his/her counsel, and, b) Pending the organization of the PDEA, the custody, disposition,
and burning or destruction of seized/surrendered dangerous drugs provided under this Section shall be
implemented by the DOH.
Section 22. Grant of Compensation, Reward and Award. – The Board shall recommend to the concerned
government agency the grant of compensation, reward and award to any person providing information and to law
enforcers participating in the operation, which results in the successful confiscation, seizure or surrender of
dangerous drugs, plant sources of dangerous drugs, and controlled precursors and essential chemicals.
Section 23. Plea-Bargaining Provision. – Any person charged under any provision of this Act regardless of the
imposable penalty shall not be allowed to avail of the provision on plea-bargaining.
Section 24. Non-Applicability of the Probation Law for Drug Traffickers and Pushers. – Any person convicted for
drug trafficking or pushing under this Act, regardless of the penalty imposed by the Court, cannot avail of the
privilege granted by the Probation Law or Presidential Decree No. 968, as amended.
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Section 25. Qualifying Aggravating Circumstances in the Commission of a Crime by an Offender Under the
Influence of Dangerous Drugs. – Notwithstanding the provisions of any law to the contrary, a positive finding for the
use of dangerous drugs shall be a qualifying aggravating circumstance in the commission of a crime by an offender,
and the application of the penalty provided for in the Revised Penal Code shall be applicable.
Section 26. Attempt or Conspiracy. – Any attempt or conspiracy to commit the following unlawful acts shall be
penalized by the same penalty prescribed for the commission of the same as provided under this Act:
(a) Importation of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical;
(b) Sale, trading, administration, dispensation, delivery, distribution and transportation of any dangerous drug
and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical;
(c) Maintenance of a den, dive or resort where any dangerous drug is used in any form;
(d) Manufacture of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical; and
(e) Cultivation or culture of plants which are sources of dangerous drugs.
Section 27. Criminal Liability of a Public Officer or Employee for Misappropriation, Misapplication or Failure to
Account for the Confiscated, Seized and/or Surrendered Dangerous Drugs, Plant Sources of Dangerous Drugs,
Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals, Instruments/Paraphernalia and/or Laboratory Equipment Including
the Proceeds or Properties Obtained from the Unlawful Act Committed. – The penalty of life imprisonment to death
and a fine ranging from Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00), in
addition to absolute perpetual disqualification from any public office, shall be imposed upon any public officer or
employee who misappropriates, misapplies or fails to account for confiscated, seized or surrendered dangerous
drugs, plant sources of dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals, instruments/paraphernalia
and/or laboratory equipment including the proceeds or properties obtained from the unlawful acts as provided for in
this Act.
Any elective local or national official found to have benefited from the proceeds of the trafficking of dangerous drugs
as prescribed in this Act, or have received any financial or material contributions or donations from natural or juridical
persons found guilty of trafficking dangerous drugs as prescribed in this Act, shall be removed from office and
perpetually disqualified from holding any elective or appointive positions in the government, its divisions,
subdivisions, and intermediaries, including government-owned or –controlled corporations.
Section 28. Criminal Liability of Government Officials and Employees. – The maximum penalties of the unlawful acts
provided for in this Act shall be imposed, in addition to absolute perpetual disqualification from any public office, if
those found guilty of such unlawful acts are government officials and employees.
Section 29. Criminal Liability for Planting of Evidence. – Any person who is found guilty of "planting" any dangerous
drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical, regardless of quantity and purity, shall suffer the penalty of
death.
Section 30. Criminal Liability of Officers of Partnerships, Corporations, Associations or Other Juridical Entities. – In
case any violation of this Act is committed by a partnership, corporation, association or any juridical entity, the
partner, president, director, manager, trustee, estate administrator, or officer who consents to or knowingly tolerates
such violation shall be held criminally liable as a co-principal.
The penalty provided for the offense under this Act shall be imposed upon the partner, president, director, manager,
trustee, estate administrator, or officer who knowingly authorizes, tolerates or consents to the use of a vehicle,
vessel, aircraft, equipment or other facility, as an instrument in the importation, sale, trading, administration,
dispensation, delivery, distribution, transportation or manufacture of dangerous drugs, or chemical diversion, if such
vehicle, vessel, aircraft, equipment or other instrument is owned by or under the control or supervision of the
partnership, corporation, association or juridical entity to which they are affiliated.
Section 31. Additional Penalty if Offender is an Alien. – In addition to the penalties prescribed in the unlawful act
committed, any alien who violates such provisions of this Act shall, after service of sentence, be deported
immediately without further proceedings, unless the penalty is death.
Section 32. Liability to a Person Violating Any Regulation Issued by the Board. – The penalty of imprisonment
ranging from six (6) months and one (1) day to four (4) years and a fine ranging from Ten thousand pesos
(P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person found violating any regulation
duly issued by the Board pursuant to this Act, in addition to the administrative sanctions imposed by the Board.
Section 33. Immunity from Prosecution and Punishment. – Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 17, Rule 119 of
the Revised Rules of Criminal Procedure and the provisions of Republic Act No. 6981 or the Witness Protection,
Security and Benefit Act of 1991, any person who has violated Sections 7, 11, 12, 14, 15, and 19, Article II of this
Act, who voluntarily gives information about any violation of Sections 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, and 16, Article II of this Act as
well as any violation of the offenses mentioned if committed by a drug syndicate, or any information leading to the
whereabouts, identities and arrest of all or any of the members thereof; and who willingly testifies against such
persons as described above, shall be exempted from prosecution or punishment for the offense with reference to
which his/her information of testimony were given, and may plead or prove the giving of such information and
testimony in bar of such prosecution: Provided, That the following conditions concur:
(1) The information and testimony are necessary for the conviction of the persons described above;
(2) Such information and testimony are not yet in the possession of the State;
(3) Such information and testimony can be corroborated on its material points;
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(4) the informant or witness has not been previously convicted of a crime involving moral turpitude, except
when there is no other direct evidence available for the State other than the information and testimony of said
informant or witness; and
(5) The informant or witness shall strictly and faithfully comply without delay, any condition or undertaking,
reduced into writing, lawfully imposed by the State as further consideration for the grant of immunity from
prosecution and punishment.
Provided, further, That this immunity may be enjoyed by such informant or witness who does not appear to be most
guilty for the offense with reference to which his/her information or testimony were given: Provided, finally, That there
is no direct evidence available for the State except for the information and testimony of the said informant or witness.
Section 34. Termination of the Grant of Immunity. – The immunity granted to the informant or witness, as prescribed
in Section 33 of this Act, shall not attach should it turn out subsequently that the information and/or testimony is
false, malicious or made only for the purpose of harassing, molesting or in any way prejudicing the persons
described in the preceding Section against whom such information or testimony is directed against. In such case, the
informant or witness shall be subject to prosecution and the enjoyment of all rights and benefits previously accorded
him under this Act or any other law, decree or order shall be deemed terminated.
In case an informant or witness under this Act fails or refuses to testify without just cause, and when lawfully obliged
to do so, or should he/she violate any condition accompanying such immunity as provided above, his/her immunity
shall be removed and he/she shall likewise be subject to contempt and/or criminal prosecution, as the case may be,
and the enjoyment of all rights and benefits previously accorded him under this Act or in any other law, decree or
order shall be deemed terminated.
In case the informant or witness referred to under this Act falls under the applicability of this Section hereof, such
individual cannot avail of the provisions under Article VIII of this Act.
Section 35. Accessory Penalties. – A person convicted under this Act shall be disqualified to exercise his/her civil
rights such as but not limited to, the rights of parental authority or guardianship, either as to the person or property of
any ward, the rights to dispose of such property by any act or any conveyance inter vivos, and political rights such as
but not limited to, the right to vote and be voted for. Such rights shall also be suspended during the pendency of an
appeal from such conviction.
ARTICLE III
Dangerous Drugs Test and Record Requirements
Section 36. Authorized Drug Testing. – Authorized drug testing shall be done by any government forensic
laboratories or by any of the drug testing laboratories accredited and monitored by the DOH to safeguard the quality
of test results. The DOH shall take steps in setting the price of the drug test with DOH accredited drug testing
centers to further reduce the cost of such drug test. The drug testing shall employ, among others, two (2) testing
methods, the screening test which will determine the positive result as well as the type of the drug used and the
confirmatory test which will confirm a positive screening test. Drug test certificates issued by accredited drug testing
centers shall be valid for a one-year period from the date of issue which may be used for other purposes. The
following shall be subjected to undergo drug testing:
(a) Applicants for driver's license. – No driver's license shall be issued or renewed to any person unless
he/she presents a certification that he/she has undergone a mandatory drug test and indicating thereon that
he/she is free from the use of dangerous drugs;
(b) Applicants for firearm's license and for permit to carry firearms outside of residence. – All applicants for
firearm's license and permit to carry firearms outside of residence shall undergo a mandatory drug test to
ensure that they are free from the use of dangerous drugs: Provided, That all persons who by the nature of
their profession carry firearms shall undergo drug testing;
(c) Students of secondary and tertiary schools. – Students of secondary and tertiary schools shall, pursuant to
the related rules and regulations as contained in the school's student handbook and with notice to the parents,
undergo a random drug testing: Provided, That all drug testing expenses whether in public or private schools
under this Section will be borne by the government;
(d) Officers and employees of public and private offices. – Officers and employees of public and private
offices, whether domestic or overseas, shall be subjected to undergo a random drug test as contained in the
company's work rules and regulations, which shall be borne by the employer, for purposes of reducing the risk
in the workplace. Any officer or employee found positive for use of dangerous drugs shall be dealt with
administratively which shall be a ground for suspension or termination, subject to the provisions of Article 282
of the Labor Code and pertinent provisions of the Civil Service Law;
(e) Officers and members of the military, police and other law enforcement agencies. – Officers and members
of the military, police and other law enforcement agencies shall undergo an annual mandatory drug test;
(f) All persons charged before the prosecutor's office with a criminal offense having an imposable penalty of
imprisonment of not less than six (6) years and one (1) day shall have to undergo a mandatory drug test; and
(g) All candidates for public office whether appointed or elected both in the national or local government shall
undergo a mandatory drug test.
In addition to the above stated penalties in this Section, those found to be positive for dangerous drugs use
shall be subject to the provisions of Section 15 of this Act.
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Section 37. Issuance of False or Fraudulent Drug Test Results. – Any person authorized, licensed or accredited
under this Act and its implementing rules to conduct drug examination or test, who issues false or fraudulent drug
test results knowingly, willfully or through gross negligence, shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment ranging from six
(6) years and one (1) day to twelve (12) years and a fine ranging from One hundred thousand pesos (P100,000.00)
to Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00).
An additional penalty shall be imposed through the revocation of the license to practice his/her profession in case of
a practitioner, and the closure of the drug testing center.
Section 38. Laboratory Examination or Test on Apprehended/Arrested Offenders. – Subject to Section 15 of this Act,
any person apprehended or arrested for violating the provisions of this Act shall be subjected to screening laboratory
examination or test within twenty-four (24) hours, if the apprehending or arresting officer has reasonable ground to
believe that the person apprehended or arrested, on account of physical signs or symptoms or other visible or
outward manifestation, is under the influence of dangerous drugs. If found to be positive, the results of the screening
laboratory examination or test shall be challenged within fifteen (15) days after receipt of the result through a
confirmatory test conducted in any accredited analytical laboratory equipment with a gas chromatograph/mass
spectrometry equipment or some such modern and accepted method, if confirmed the same shall be prima
facie evidence that such person has used dangerous drugs, which is without prejudice for the prosecution for other
violations of the provisions of this Act: Provided, That a positive screening laboratory test must be confirmed for it to
be valid in a court of law.
Section 39. Accreditation of Drug Testing Centers and Physicians. – The DOH shall be tasked to license and
accredit drug testing centers in each province and city in order to assure their capacity, competence, integrity and
stability to conduct the laboratory examinations and tests provided in this Article, and appoint such technical and
other personnel as may be necessary for the effective implementation of this provision. The DOH shall also accredit
physicians who shall conduct the drug dependency examination of a drug dependent as well as the after-care and
follow-up program for the said drug dependent. There shall be a control regulations, licensing and accreditation
division under the supervision of the DOH for this purpose.
For this purpose, the DOH shall establish, operate and maintain drug testing centers in government hospitals, which
must be provided at least with basic technologically advanced equipment and materials, in order to conduct the
laboratory examination and tests herein provided, and appoint such qualified and duly trained technical and other
personnel as may be necessary for the effective implementation of this provision.
Section 40. Records Required for Transactions on Dangerous Drug and Precursors and Essential Chemicals. –
a) Every pharmacist dealing in dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals shall
maintain and keep an original record of sales, purchases, acquisitions and deliveries of dangerous drugs,
indicating therein the following information:
(1) License number and address of the pharmacist;
(2) Name, address and license of the manufacturer, importer or wholesaler from whom the dangerous
drugs have been purchased;
(3) Quantity and name of the dangerous drugs purchased or acquired;
(4) Date of acquisition or purchase;
(5) Name, address and community tax certificate number of the buyer;
(6) Serial number of the prescription and the name of the physician, dentist, veterinarian or practitioner
issuing the same;
(7) Quantity and name of the dangerous drugs sold or delivered; and
(8) Date of sale or delivery.
A certified true copy of such record covering a period of six (6) months, duly signed by the pharmacist or the
owner of the drugstore, pharmacy or chemical establishment, shall be forwarded to the Board within fifteen
(15) days following the last day of June and December of each year, with a copy thereof furnished the city or
municipal health officer concerned.
(b) A physician, dentist, veterinarian or practitioner authorized to prescribe any dangerous drug shall issue the
prescription therefor in one (1) original and two (2) duplicate copies. The original, after the prescription has
been filled, shall be retained by the pharmacist for a period of one (1) year from the date of sale or delivery of
such drug. One (1) copy shall be retained by the buyer or by the person to whom the drug is delivered until
such drug is consumed, while the second copy shall be retained by the person issuing the prescription.
For purposes of this Act, all prescriptions issued by physicians, dentists, veterinarians or practitioners shall be
written on forms exclusively issued by and obtainable from the DOH. Such forms shall be made of a special
kind of paper and shall be distributed in such quantities and contain such information and other data as the
DOH may, by rules and regulations, require. Such forms shall only be issued by the DOH through its
authorized employees to licensed physicians, dentists, veterinarians and practitioners in such quantities as the
Board may authorize. In emergency cases, however, as the Board may specify in the public interest, a
prescription need not be accomplished on such forms. The prescribing physician, dentist, veterinarian or
practitioner shall, within three (3) days after issuing such prescription, inform the DOH of the same in writing.
No prescription once served by the drugstore or pharmacy be reused nor any prescription once issued be
refilled.
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(c) All manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors, importers, dealers and retailers of dangerous drugs and/or
controlled precursors and essential chemicals shall keep a record of all inventories, sales, purchases,
acquisitions and deliveries of the same as well as the names, addresses and licenses of the persons from
whom such items were purchased or acquired or to whom such items were sold or delivered, the name and
quantity of the same and the date of the transactions. Such records may be subjected anytime for review by
the Board.
ARTICLE IV
Participation of the Family, Students, Teachers and School Authorities in the Enforcement of this Act
Section 41. Involvement of the Family. – The family being the basic unit of the Filipino society shall be primarily
responsible for the education and awareness of the members of the family on the ill effects of dangerous drugs and
close monitoring of family members who may be susceptible to drug abuse.
Section 42. Student Councils and Campus Organizations. – All elementary, secondary and tertiary schools' student
councils and campus organizations shall include in their activities a program for the prevention of and deterrence in
the use of dangerous drugs, and referral for treatment and rehabilitation of students for drug dependence.
Section 43. School Curricula. – Instruction on drug abuse prevention and control shall be integrated in the
elementary, secondary and tertiary curricula of all public and private schools, whether general, technical, vocational
or agro-industrial as well as in non-formal, informal and indigenous learning systems. Such instructions shall include:
(1) Adverse effects of the abuse and misuse of dangerous drugs on the person, the family, the school and the
community;
(2) Preventive measures against drug abuse;
(3) Health, socio-cultural, psychological, legal and economic dimensions and implications of the drug problem;
(4) Steps to take when intervention on behalf of a drug dependent is needed, as well as the services available
for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents; and
(5) Misconceptions about the use of dangerous drugs such as, but not limited to, the importance and safety of
dangerous drugs for medical and therapeutic use as well as the differentiation between medical patients and
drug dependents in order to avoid confusion and accidental stigmatization in the consciousness of the
students.
Section 44. Heads, Supervisors, and Teachers of Schools. – For the purpose of enforcing the provisions of Article II
of this Act, all school heads, supervisors and teachers shall be deemed persons in authority and, as such, are
hereby empowered to apprehend, arrest or cause the apprehension or arrest of any person who shall violate any of
the said provisions, pursuant to Section 5, Rule 113 of the Rules of Court. They shall be deemed persons in authority
if they are in the school or within its immediate vicinity, or even beyond such immediate vicinity if they are in
attendance at any school or class function in their official capacity as school heads, supervisors, and teachers.
Any teacher or school employee, who discovers or finds that any person in the school or within its immediate vicinity
is liable for violating any of said provisions, shall have the duty to report the same to the school head or immediate
superior who shall, in turn, report the matter to the proper authorities.
Failure to do so in either case, within a reasonable period from the time of discovery of the violation shall, after due
hearing, constitute sufficient cause for disciplinary action by the school authorities.
Section 45. Publication and Distribution of Materials on Dangerous Drugs. – With the assistance of the Board, the
Secretary of the Department of Education (DepEd), the Chairman of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
and the Director-General of the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) shall cause the
development, publication and distribution of information and support educational materials on dangerous drugs to the
students, the faculty, the parents, and the community.
Section 46. Special Drug Education Center. – With the assistance of the Board, the Department of the Interior and
Local Government (DILG), the National Youth Commission (NYC), and the Department of Social Welfare and
Development (DSWD) shall establish in each of its provincial office a special education drug center for out-of-school
youth and street children. Such Center which shall be headed by the Provincial Social. Welfare Development Officer
shall sponsor drug prevention programs and activities and information campaigns with the end in view of educating
the out-of-school youth and street children regarding the pernicious effects of drug abuse. The programs initiated by
the Center shall likewise be adopted in all public and private orphanage and existing special centers for street
children.
ARTICLE V
Promotion of a National Drug-Free Workplace Program With the Participation of Private and Labor Sectors
and the Department of Labor and Employment
Section 47. Drug-Free Workplace. – It is deemed a policy of the State to promote drug-free workplaces using a
tripartite approach. With the assistance of the Board, the Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE) shall
develop, promote and implement a national drug abuse prevention program in the workplace to be adopted by
private companies with ten (10) or more employees. Such program shall include the mandatory drafting and adoption
of company policies against drug use in the workplace in close consultation and coordination with the DOLE, labor
and employer organizations, human resource development managers and other such private sector organizations.
Section 48. Guidelines for the National Drug-Free Workplace Program. – The Board and the DOLE shall formulate
the necessary guidelines for the implementation of the national drug-free workplace program. The amount necessary
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for the implementation of which shall be included in the annual General Appropriations Act.
ARTICLE VI
Participation of the Private and Labor Sectors in the Enforcement of this Act
Section 49. Labor Organizations and the Private Sector. – All labor unions, federations, associations, or
organizations in cooperation with the respective private sector partners shall include in their collective bargaining or
any similar agreements, joint continuing programs and information campaigns for the laborers similar to the
programs provided under Section 47 of this Act with the end in view of achieving a drug free workplace.
Section 50. Government Assistance. – The labor sector and the respective partners may, in pursuit of the programs
mentioned in the preceding Section, secure the technical assistance, such as but not limited to, seminars and
information dissemination campaigns of the appropriate government and law enforcement agencies.
ARTICLE VII
Participation of Local Government Units
Section 51. Local Government Units' Assistance. – Local government units shall appropriate a substantial portion of
their respective annual budgets to assist in or enhance the enforcement of this Act giving priority to preventive or
educational programs and the rehabilitation or treatment of drug dependents.
Section 52. Abatement of Drug Related Public Nuisances. – Any place or premises which have been used on two or
more occasions as the site of the unlawful sale or delivery of dangerous drugs may be declared to be a public
nuisance, and such nuisance may be abated, pursuant to the following procedures:
(1) Any city or municipality may, by ordinance, create an administrative board to hear complaints regarding the
nuisances;
(2) any employee, officer, or resident of the city or municipality may bring a complaint before the Board after
giving not less than three (3) days written notice of such complaint to the owner of the place or premises at
his/her last known address; and
(3) After hearing in which the Board may consider any evidence, including evidence of the general reputation
of the place or premises, and at which the owner of the premises shall have an opportunity to present
evidence in his/her defense, the Board may declare the place or premises to be a public nuisance.
Section 53. Effect of Board Declaration. – If the Board declares a place or premises to be a public nuisance, it may
declare an order immediately prohibiting the conduct, operation, or maintenance of any business or activity on the
premises which is conducive to such nuisance.
An order entered under this Section shall expire after one (1) year or at such earlier time as stated in the order. The
Board may bring a complaint seeking a permanent injunction against any nuisance described under this Section.
This Article does not restrict the right of any person to proceed under the Civil Code against any public nuisance.
ARTICLE VIII
Program for Treatment and Rehabilitation of Drug Dependents
Section 54. Voluntary Submission of a Drug Dependent to Confinement, Treatment and Rehabilitation. – A drug
dependent or any person who violates Section 15 of this Act may, by himself/herself or through his/her parent,
spouse, guardian or relative within the fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity, apply to the Board or its duly
recognized representative, for treatment and rehabilitation of the drug dependency. Upon such application, the Board
shall bring forth the matter to the Court which shall order that the applicant be examined for drug dependency. If the
examination by a DOH-accredited physician results in the issuance of a certification that the applicant is a drug
dependent, he/she shall be ordered by the Court to undergo treatment and rehabilitation in a Center designated by
the Board for a period of not less than six (6) months: Provided, That a drug dependent may be placed under the
care of a DOH-accredited physician where there is no Center near or accessible to the residence of the drug
dependent or where said drug dependent is below eighteen (18) years of age and is a first-time offender and non-
confinement in a Center will not pose a serious danger to his/her family or the community.
Confinement in a Center for treatment and rehabilitation shall not exceed one (1) year, after which time the Court, as
well as the Board, shall be apprised by the head of the treatment and rehabilitation center of the status of said drug
dependent and determine whether further confinement will be for the welfare of the drug dependent and his/her
family or the community.
Section 55. Exemption from the Criminal Liability Under the Voluntary Submission Program. A drug dependent
under the voluntary submission program, who is finally discharged from confinement, shall be exempt from the
criminal liability under Section 15 of this act subject to the following conditions:
(1) He/she has complied with the rules and regulations of the center, the applicable rules and regulations of
the Board, including the after-care and follow-up program for at least eighteen (18) months following
temporary discharge from confinement in the Center or, in the case of a dependent placed under the care of
the DOH-accredited physician, the after-care program and follow-up schedule formulated by the DSWD and
approved by the Board: Provided, That capability-building of local government social workers shall be
undertaken by the DSWD;
(2) He/she has never been charged or convicted of any offense punishable under this Act, the Dangerous
Drugs Act of 1972 or Republic Act No. 6425, as amended; the Revised Penal Code, as amended; or any
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special penal laws;
(3) He/she has no record of escape from a Center: Provided, That had he/she escaped, he/she surrendered
by himself/herself or through his/her parent, spouse, guardian or relative within the fourth degree of
consanguinity or affinity, within one (1) week from the date of the said escape; and
(4) He/she poses no serious danger to himself/herself, his/her family or the community by his/her exemption
from criminal liability.
Section 56. Temporary Release From the Center; After-Care and Follow-Up Treatment Under the Voluntary
Submission Program. – Upon certification of the Center that the drug dependent within the voluntary submission
program may be temporarily released, the Court shall order his/her release on condition that said drug dependent
shall report to the DOH for after-care and follow-up treatment, including urine testing, for a period not exceeding
eighteen (18) months under such terms and conditions that the Court may impose.
If during the period of after-care and follow-up, the drug dependent is certified to be rehabilitated, he/she may be
discharged by the Court, subject to the provisions of Section 55 of this Act, without prejudice to the outcome of any
pending case filed in court.
However, should the DOH find that during the initial after-care and follow-up program of eighteen (18) months, the
drug dependent requires further treatment and rehabilitation in the Center, he/she shall be recommitted to the Center
for confinement. Thereafter, he/she may again be certified for temporary release and ordered released for another
after-care and follow-up program pursuant to this Section.
Section 57. Probation and Community Service Under the Voluntary Submission Program. – A drug dependent who
is discharged as rehabilitated by the DOH-accredited Center through the voluntary submission program, but does not
qualify for exemption from criminal liability under Section 55 of this Act, may be charged under the provisions of this
Act, but shall be placed on probation and undergo a community service in lieu of imprisonment and/or fine in the
discretion of the court, without prejudice to the outcome of any pending case filed in court.
Such drug dependent shall undergo community service as part of his/her after-care and follow-up program, which
may be done in coordination with nongovernmental civil organizations accredited by the DSWD, with the
recommendation of the Board.
Section 58. Filing of Charges Against a Drug Dependent Who is Not Rehabilitated Under the Voluntary Submission
Program. – A drug dependent, who is not rehabilitated after the second commitment to the Center under the
voluntary submission program, shall, upon recommendation of the Board, be charged for violation of Section 15 of
this Act and prosecuted like any other offender. If convicted, he/she shall be credited for the period of confinement
and rehabilitation in the Center in the service of his/her sentence.
Section 59. Escape and Recommitment for Confinement and Rehabilitation Under the Voluntary Submission
Program. – Should a drug dependent under the voluntary submission program escape from the Center, he/she may
submit himself/herself for recommitment within one (1) week therefrom, or his/her parent, spouse, guardian or
relative within the fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity may, within said period, surrender him for recommitment,
in which case the corresponding order shall be issued by the Board.
Should the escapee fail to submit himself/herself or be surrendered after one (1) week, the Board shall apply to the
court for a recommitment order upon proof of previous commitment or his/her voluntary submission by the Board, the
court may issue an order for recommitment within one (1) week.
If, subsequent to a recommitment, the dependent once again escapes from confinement, he/she shall be charged for
violation of Section 15 of this Act and he subjected under section 61 of this Act, either upon order of the Board or
upon order of the court, as the case may be.
Section 60. Confidentiality of Records Under the Voluntary Submission Program. – Judicial and medical records of
drug dependents under the voluntary submission program shall be confidential and shall not be used against him for
any purpose, except to determine how many times, by himself/herself or through his/her parent, spouse, guardian or
relative within the fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity, he/she voluntarily submitted himself/herself for
confinement, treatment and rehabilitation or has been committed to a Center under this program.
Section 61. Compulsory Confinement of a Drug Dependent Who Refuses to Apply Under the Voluntary Submission
Program. – Notwithstanding any law, rule and regulation to the contrary, any person determined and found to be
dependent on dangerous drugs shall, upon petition by the Board or any of its authorized representative, be confined
for treatment and rehabilitation in any Center duly designated or accredited for the purpose.
A petition for the confinement of a person alleged to be dependent on dangerous drugs to a Center may be filed by
any person authorized by the Board with the Regional Trial Court of the province or city where such person is found.
After the petition is filed, the court, by an order, shall immediately fix a date for the hearing, and a copy of such order
shall be served on the person alleged to be dependent on dangerous drugs, and to the one having charge of him.
If after such hearing and the facts so warrant, the court shall order the drug dependent to be examined by two (2)
physicians accredited by the Board. If both physicians conclude that the respondent is not a drug dependent, the
court shall order his/her discharge. If either physician finds him to be a dependent, the court shall conduct a hearing
and consider all relevant evidence which may be offered. If the court finds him a drug dependent, it shall issue an
order for his/her commitment to a treatment and rehabilitation center under the supervision of the DOH. In any event,
the order of discharge or order of confinement or commitment shall be issued not later than fifteen (15) days from the
filing of the appropriate petition.
Section 62. Compulsory Submission of a Drug Dependent Charged with an Offense to Treatment and Rehabilitation.
– If a person charged with an offense where the imposable penalty is imprisonment of less than six (6) years and
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one (1) day, and is found by the prosecutor or by the court, at any stage of the proceedings, to be a drug dependent,
the prosecutor or the court as the case may be, shall suspend all further proceedings and transmit copies of the
record of the case to the Board.
In the event he Board determines, after medical examination, that public interest requires that such drug dependent
be committed to a center for treatment and rehabilitation, it shall file a petition for his/her commitment with the
regional trial court of the province or city where he/she is being investigated or tried: Provided, That where a criminal
case is pending in court, such petition shall be filed in the said court. The court shall take judicial notice of the prior
proceedings in the case and shall proceed to hear the petition. If the court finds him to be a drug dependent, it shall
order his/her commitment to a Center for treatment and rehabilitation. The head of said Center shall submit to the
court every four (4) months, or as often as the court may require, a written report on the progress of the treatment. If
the dependent is rehabilitated, as certified by the center and the Board, he/she shall be returned to the court, which
committed him, for his/her discharge therefrom.
Thereafter, his/her prosecution for any offense punishable by law shall be instituted or shall continue, as the case
may be. In case of conviction, the judgment shall, if the accused is certified by the treatment and rehabilitation center
to have maintained good behavior, indicate that he/she shall be given full credit for the period he/she was confined in
the Center: Provided, however, That when the offense is for violation of Section 15 of this Act and the accused is not
a recidivist, the penalty thereof shall be deemed to have been served in the Center upon his/her release therefrom
after certification by the Center and the Board that he/she is rehabilitated.
Section 63. Prescription of the Offense Charged Against a Drug Dependent Under the Compulsory Submission
Program. – The period of prescription of the offense charged against a drug dependent under the compulsory
submission program shall not run during the time that the drug dependent is under confinement in a Center or
otherwise under the treatment and rehabilitation program approved by the Board.
Upon certification of the Center that he/she may temporarily be discharged from the said Center, the court shall order
his/her release on condition that he/she shall report to the Board through the DOH for after-care and follow-up
treatment for a period not exceeding eighteen (18) months under such terms and conditions as may be imposed by
the Board.
If at anytime during the after-care and follow-up period, the Board certifies to his/her complete rehabilitation, the
court shall order his/her final discharge from confinement and order for the immediate resumption of the trial of the
case for which he/she is originally charged. Should the Board through the DOH find at anytime during the after-care
and follow-up period that he/she requires further treatment and rehabilitation, it shall report to the court, which shall
order his/her recommitment to the Center.
Should the drug dependent, having been committed to a Center upon petition by the Board escape therefrom,
he/she may resubmit himself/herself for confinement within one (1) week from the date of his/her escape; or his/her
parent, spouse, guardian or relative within the fourth degree of consanguinity or affinity may, within the same period,
surrender him for recommitment. If, however, the drug dependent does not resubmit himself/herself for confinement
or he/she is not surrendered for recommitment, the Board may apply with the court for the issuance of the
recommitment order. Upon proof of previous commitment, the court shall issue an order for recommitment. If,
subsequent to such recommitment, he/she should escape again, he/she shall no longer be exempt from criminal
liability for use of any dangerous drug.
A drug dependent committed under this particular Section who is finally discharged from confinement shall be
exempt from criminal liability under Section 15 of this Act, without prejudice to the outcome of any pending case filed
in court. On the other hand, a drug dependent who is not rehabilitated after a second commitment to the Center
shall, upon conviction by the appropriate court, suffer the same penalties provided for under Section 15 of this Act
again without prejudice to the outcome of any pending case filed in court.
Section 64. Confidentiality of Records Under the Compulsory Submission Program. – The records of a drug
dependent who was rehabilitated and discharged from the Center under the compulsory submission program, or who
was charged for violation of Section 15 of this Act, shall be covered by Section 60 of this Act. However, the records
of a drug dependent who was not rehabilitated, or who escaped but did not surrender himself/herself within the
prescribed period, shall be forwarded to the court and their use shall be determined by the court, taking into
consideration public interest and the welfare of the drug dependent.
Section 65. Duty of the Prosecutor in the Proceedings. – It shall be the duty of the provincial or the city prosecutor or
their assistants or state prosecutors to prepare the appropriate petition in all proceedings arising from this Act.
Section 66. Suspension of Sentence of a First-Time Minor Offender. – An accused who is over fifteen (15) years of
age at the time of the commission of the offense mentioned in Section 11 of this Act, but not more than eighteen (18)
years of age at the time when judgment should have been promulgated after having been found guilty of said
offense, may be given the benefits of a suspended sentence, subject to the following conditions:
(a) He/she has not been previously convicted of violating any provision of this Act, or of the Dangerous Drugs
Act of 1972, as amended; or of the Revised Penal Code; or of any special penal laws;
(b) He/she has not been previously committed to a Center or to the care of a DOH-accredited physician; and
(c) The Board favorably recommends that his/her sentence be suspended.
While under suspended sentence, he/she shall be under the supervision and rehabilitative surveillance of the Board,
under such conditions that the court may impose for a period ranging from six (6) months to eighteen (18) months.
Upon recommendation of the Board, the court may commit the accused under suspended sentence to a Center, or to
the care of a DOH-accredited physician for at least six (6) months, with after-care and follow-up program for not
more than eighteen (18) months.
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In the case of minors under fifteen (15) years of age at the time of the commission of any offense penalized under
this Act, Article 192 of Presidential Decree No. 603, otherwise known as the Child and Youth Welfare Code, as
amended by Presidential Decree No. 1179 shall apply, without prejudice to the application of the provisions of this
Section.
Section 67. Discharge After Compliance with Conditions of Suspended Sentence of a First-Time Minor Offender. – If
the accused first time minor offender under suspended sentence complies with the applicable rules and regulations
of the Board, including confinement in a Center, the court, upon a favorable recommendation of the Board for the
final discharge of the accused, shall discharge the accused and dismiss all proceedings.
Upon the dismissal of the proceedings against the accused, the court shall enter an order to expunge all official
records, other than the confidential record to be retained by the DOJ relating to the case. Such an order, which shall
be kept confidential, shall restore the accused to his/her status prior to the case. He/she shall not be held thereafter
to be guilty of perjury or of concealment or misrepresentation by reason of his/her failure to acknowledge the case or
recite any fact related thereto in response to any inquiry made of him for any purpose.
Section 68. Privilege of Suspended Sentence to be Availed of Only Once by a First-Time Minor Offender. – The
privilege of suspended sentence shall be availed of only once by an accused drug dependent who is a first-time
offender over fifteen (15) years of age at the time of the commission of the violation of Section 15 of this Act but not
more than eighteen (18) years of age at the time when judgment should have been promulgated.
Section 69. Promulgation of Sentence for First-Time Minor Offender. – If the accused first-time minor offender
violates any of the conditions of his/her suspended sentence, the applicable rules and regulations of the Board
exercising supervision and rehabilitative surveillance over him, including the rules and regulations of the Center
should confinement be required, the court shall pronounce judgment of conviction and he/she shall serve sentence
as any other convicted person.
Section 70. Probation or Community Service for a First-Time Minor Offender in Lieu of Imprisonment. – Upon
promulgation of the sentence, the court may, in its discretion, place the accused under probation, even if the
sentence provided under this Act is higher than that provided under existing law on probation, or impose community
service in lieu of imprisonment. In case of probation, the supervision and rehabilitative surveillance shall be
undertaken by the Board through the DOH in coordination with the Board of Pardons and Parole and the Probation
Administration. Upon compliance with the conditions of the probation, the Board shall submit a written report to the
court recommending termination of probation and a final discharge of the probationer, whereupon the court shall
issue such an order.
The community service shall be complied with under conditions, time and place as may be determined by the court
in its discretion and upon the recommendation of the Board and shall apply only to violators of Section 15 of this Act.
The completion of the community service shall be under the supervision and rehabilitative surveillance of the Board
during the period required by the court. Thereafter, the Board shall render a report on the manner of compliance of
said community service. The court in its discretion may require extension of the community service or order a final
discharge.
In both cases, the judicial records shall be covered by the provisions of Sections 60 and 64 of this Act.
If the sentence promulgated by the court requires imprisonment, the period spent in the Center by the accused
during the suspended sentence period shall be deducted from the sentence to be served.
Section 71. Records to be kept by the Department of Justice. – The DOJ shall keep a confidential record of the
proceedings on suspension of sentence and shall not be used for any purpose other than to determine whether or
not a person accused under this Act is a first-time minor offender.
Section 72. Liability of a Person Who Violates the Confidentiality of Records. – The penalty of imprisonment ranging
from six (6) months and one (1) day to six (6) years and a fine ranging from One thousand pesos (P1,000.00) to Six
thousand pesos (P6,000.00), shall be imposed upon any person who, having official custody of or access to the
confidential records of any drug dependent under voluntary submission programs, or anyone who, having gained
possession of said records, whether lawfully or not, reveals their content to any person other than those charged with
the prosecution of the offenses under this Act and its implementation. The maximum penalty shall be imposed, in
addition to absolute perpetual disqualification from any public office, when the offender is a government official or
employee. Should the records be used for unlawful purposes, such as blackmail of the drug dependent or the
members of his/her family, the penalty imposed for the crime of violation of confidentiality shall be in addition to
whatever crime he/she may be convicted of.
Section 73. Liability of a Parent, Spouse or Guardian Who Refuses to Cooperate with the Board or any Concerned
Agency. – Any parent, spouse or guardian who, without valid reason, refuses to cooperate with the Board or any
concerned agency in the treatment and rehabilitation of a drug dependent who is a minor, or in any manner, prevents
or delays the after-care, follow-up or other programs for the welfare of the accused drug dependent, whether under
voluntary submission program or compulsory submission program, may be cited for contempt by the court.
Section 74. Cost-Sharing in the Treatment and Rehabilitation of a Drug Dependent. – The parent, spouse, guardian
or any relative within the fourth degree of consanguinity of any person who is confined under the voluntary
submission program or compulsory submission program shall be charged a certain percentage of the cost of his/her
treatment and rehabilitation, the guidelines of which shall be formulated by the DSWD taking into consideration the
economic status of the family of the person confined. The guidelines therein formulated shall be implemented by a
social worker of the local government unit.
Section 75. Treatment and Rehabilitation Centers. – The existing treatment and rehabilitation centers for drug
dependents operated and maintained by the NBI and the PNP shall be operated, maintained and managed by the
DOH in coordination with other concerned agencies. For the purpose of enlarging the network of centers, the Board
through the DOH shall encourage, promote or whenever feasible, assist or support in the establishment, operations
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and maintenance of private centers which shall be eligible to receive grants, donations or subsidy from either
government or private sources. It shall also support the establishment of government-operated regional treatment
and rehabilitation centers depending upon the availability of funds. The national government, through its appropriate
agencies shall give priority funding for the increase of subsidy to existing government drug rehabilitation centers, and
shall establish at least one (1) drug rehabilitation center in each province, depending on the availability of funds.
Section 76. The Duties and Responsibilities of the Department of health (DOH) Under this Act. – The DOH shall:
(1) Oversee the monitor the integration, coordination and supervision of all drug rehabilitation, intervention,
after-care and follow-up programs, projects and activities as well as the establishment, operations,
maintenance and management of privately-owned drug treatment rehabilitation centers and drug testing
networks and laboratories throughout the country in coordination with the DSWD and other agencies;
(2) License, accredit, establish and maintain drug test network and laboratory, initiate, conduct and support
scientific research on drugs and drug control;
(3) Encourage, assist and accredit private centers, promulgate rules and regulations setting minimum
standards for their accreditation to assure their competence, integrity and stability;
(4) Prescribe and promulgate rules and regulations governing the establishment of such Centers as it may
deem necessary after conducting a feasibility study thereof;
(5) The DOH shall, without prejudice to the criminal prosecution of those found guilty of violating this Act, order
the closure of a Center for treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependency when, after investigation it is found
guilty of violating the provisions of this Act or regulations issued by the Board; and
(6) Charge reasonable fees for drug dependency examinations, other medical and legal services provided to
the public, which shall accrue to the Board. All income derived from these sources shall be part of the funds
constituted as special funds for the implementation of this Act under Section 87.
ARTICLE IX
Dangerous Drugs Board and Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency
Section 77. The Dangerous Drugs Board. – The Board shall be the policy-making and strategy-formulating body in
the planning and formulation of policies and programs on drug prevention and control. It shall develop and adopt a
comprehensive, integrated, unified and balanced national drug abuse prevention and control strategy. It shall be
under the Office of the President.
Section 78. Composition of the Board. – The Board shall be composed of seventeen (17) members wherein three
(3) of which are permanent members, the other twelve (12) members shall be in an ex officio capacity and the two
(2) shall be regular members.
The three (3) permanent members, who shall possess at least seven-year training and experience in the field of
dangerous drugs and in any of the following fields: in law, medicine, criminology, psychology or social work, shall be
appointed by the President of the Philippines. The President shall designate a Chairman, who shall have the rank of
a secretary from among the three (3) permanent members who shall serve for six (6) years. Of the two (2) other
members, who shall both have the rank of undersecretary, one (1) shall serve for four (4) years and the other for two
(2) years. Thereafter, the persons appointed to succeed such members shall hold office for a term of six (6) years
and until their successors shall have been duly appointed and qualified.
The other twelve (12) members who shall be ex officio members of the Board are the following:
(1) Secretary of the Department of Justice or his/her representative;
(2) Secretary of the Department of Health or his/her representative;
(3) Secretary of the Department of National Defense or his/her representative;
(4) Secretary of the Department of Finance or his/her representative;
(5) Secretary of the Department of Labor and Employment or his/her representative;
(6) Secretary of the Department of the Interior and Local Government or his/her representative;
(7) Secretary of the Department of Social Welfare and Development or his/her representative;
(8) Secretary of the Department of Foreign Affairs or his/her representative;
(9) Secretary of the Department of Education or his/her representative;
(10) Chairman of the Commission on Higher Education or his/her representative;
(11) Chairman of the National Youth Commission;
(12) Director General of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency.
Cabinet secretaries who are members of the Board may designate their duly authorized and permanent
representatives whose ranks shall in no case be lower than undersecretary.
The two (2) regular members shall be as follows:
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(a) The president of the Integrated Bar of the Philippines; and
(b) The chairman or president of a non-government organization involved in dangerous drug campaign to be
appointed by the President of the Philippines.
The Director of the NBI and the Chief of the PNP shall be the permanent consultants of the Board, and shall attend
all the meetings of the Board.
All members of the Board as well as its permanent consultants shall receive a per diem for every meeting actually
attended subject to the pertinent budgetary laws, rules and regulations on compensation, honoraria and
allowances: Provided, That where the representative of an ex officio member or of the permanent consultant of the
Board attends a meeting in behalf of the latter, such representative shall be entitled to receive the per diem.
Section 79. Meetings of the Board. – The Board shall meet once a week or as often as necessary at the discretion
of the Chairman or at the call of any four (4) other members. The presence of nine (9) members shall constitute a
quorum.
Section 80. Secretariat of the Board. – The Board shall recommend to the President of the Philippines the
appointment of an Executive Director, with the rank of an undersecretary, who shall be the Secretary of the Board
and administrative officer of its secretariat, and shall perform such other duties that may be assigned to him/her.
He/she must possess adequate knowledge, training and experience in the field of dangerous drugs, and in any of the
following fields: law enforcement, law, medicine, criminology, psychology or social work.
Two deputies executive director, for administration and operations, with the ranks of assistant secretary, shall be
appointed by the President upon recommendation of the Board. They shall possess the same qualifications as those
of the executive director. They shall receive a salary corresponding to their position as prescribed by the Salary
Standardization Law as a Career Service Officer.
The existing secretariat of the Board shall be under the administrative control and supervision of the Executive
Director. It shall be composed of the following divisions, namely: Policy Studies, Research and Statistics; Preventive
Education, Training and Information; Legal Affairs; and the Administrative and Financial Management.
Section 81. Powers and Duties of the Board. – The Board shall:
(a) Formulate, develop and establish a comprehensive, integrated, unified and balanced national drug use
prevention and control strategy;
(b) Promulgate such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act, including
the manner of safekeeping, disposition, burning or condemnation of any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical under its charge and custody, and prescribe administrative remedies or
sanctions for the violations of such rules and regulations;
(c) Conduct policy studies, program monitoring and evaluations and other researches on drug prevention,
control and enforcement;
(d) Initiate, conduct and support scientific, clinical, social, psychological, physical and biological researches on
dangerous drugs and dangerous drugs prevention and control measures;
(e) Develop an educational program and information drive on the hazards and prevention of illegal use of any
dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical based on factual data, and disseminate
the same to the general public, for which purpose the Board shall endeavor to make the general public aware
of the hazards of any dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical by providing among
others, literature, films, displays or advertisements and by coordinating with all institutions of learning as well
as with all national and local enforcement agencies in planning and conducting its educational campaign
programs to be implemented by the appropriate government agencies;
(f) Conduct continuing seminars for, and consultations with, and provide information materials to judges and
prosecutors in coordination with the Office of the Court Administrator, in the case of judges, and the DOJ, in
the case of prosecutors, which aim to provide them with the current developments and programs of the Board
pertinent to its campaign against dangerous drugs and its scientific researches on dangerous drugs, its
prevention and control measures;
(g) Design special trainings in order to provide law enforcement officers, members of the judiciary, and
prosecutors, school authorities and personnel of centers with knowledge and know-how in dangerous drugs
and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals control in coordination with the Supreme Court to meet
the objectives of the national drug control programs;
(h) Design and develop, in consultation and coordination with the DOH, DSWD and other agencies involved in
drugs control, treatment and rehabilitation, both public and private, a national treatment and rehabilitation
program for drug dependents including a standard aftercare and community service program for recovering
drug dependents;
(i) Design and develop, jointly with the DOLE and in consultation with labor and employer groups as well as
nongovernment organizations a drug abuse prevention program in the workplace that would include a
provision for employee assistance programs for emotionally-stressed employees;
(j) Initiate and authorize closure proceedings against non-accredited and/or substandard rehabilitation centers
based on verified reports of human rights violations, subhuman conditions, inadequate medical training and
assistance and excessive fees for implementation by the PDEA;
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(k) Prescribe and promulgate rules and regulations governing the establishment of such centers, networks and
laboratories as deemed necessary after conducting a feasibility study in coordination with the DOH and other
government agencies;
(l) Receive, gather, collect and evaluate all information on the importation, exportation, production,
manufacture, sale, stocks, seizures of and the estimated need for any dangerous drug and/or controlled
precursor and essential chemical, for which purpose the Board may require from any official, instrumentality or
agency of the government or any private person or enterprise dealing in, or engaged in activities having to do
with any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals such data or information as it
may need to implement this Act;
(m) Gather and prepare detailed statistics on the importation, exportation, manufacture, stocks, seizures of
and estimates need for any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals and such
other statistical data on said drugs as may be periodically required by the United Nations Narcotics Drug
Commission, the World Health Organization and other international organizations in consonance with the
country's international commitments;
(n) Develop and maintain international networking coordination with international drug control agencies and
organizations, and implement the provisions of international conventions and agreements thereon which have
been adopted and approved by the Congress of the Philippines;
(o) Require all government and private hospitals, clinics, doctors, dentists and other practitioners to submit a
report to it, in coordination with the PDEA, about all dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and
essential chemicals-related cases to which they have attended for statistics and research purposes;
(p) Receive in trust legacies, gifts and donations of real and personal properties of all kinds, to administer and
dispose the same when necessary for the benefit of government and private rehabilitation centers subject to
limitations, directions and instructions from the donors, if any;
(q) Issue guidelines as to the approval or disapproval of applications for voluntary treatment, rehabilitation or
confinement, wherein it shall issue the necessary guidelines, rules and regulations pertaining to the
application and its enforcement;
(r) Formulate guidelines, in coordination with other government agencies, the importation, distribution,
production, manufacture, compounding, prescription, dispensing and sale of, and other lawful acts in
connection with any dangerous drug, controlled precursors and essential chemicals and other similar or
analogous substances of such kind and in such quantity as it may deem necessary according to the medical
and research needs or requirements of the country including diet pills containing ephedrine and other
addictive chemicals and determine the quantity and/or quality of dangerous drugs and controlled precursors
and essential chemicals to be imported, manufactured and held in stock at any given time by authorized
importer, manufacturer or distributor of such drugs;
(s) Develop the utilization of a controlled delivery scheme in addressing the transshipment of dangerous drugs
into and out of the country to neutralize transnational crime syndicates involved in illegal trafficking of any
dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential chemicals;
(t) Recommend the revocation of the professional license of any practitioner who is an owner, co-owner,
lessee, or in the employ of the drug establishment, or manager of a partnership, corporation, association, or
any juridical entity owning and/or controlling such drug establishment, and who knowingly participates in, or
consents to, tolerates, or abets the commission of the act of violations as indicated in the preceding
paragraph, all without prejudice to the criminal prosecution of the person responsible for the said violation;
(u) Appoint such technical, administrative and other personnel as may be necessary for the effective
implementation of this Act, subject to the Civil Service Law and its rules and regulations;
(v) Establish a regular and continuing consultation with concerned government agencies and medical
professional organizations to determine if balance exists in policies, procedures, rules and regulations on
dangerous drugs and to provide recommendations on how the lawful use of dangerous drugs can be improved
and facilitated; and
(w) Submit an annual and periodic reports to the President, the Congress of the Philippines and the Senate
and House of Representatives committees concerned as may be required from time to time, and perform such
other functions as may be authorized or required under existing laws and as directed by the President
himself/herself or as recommended by the congressional committees concerned.
Section 82. Creation of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA). – To carry out the provisions of this Act,
the PDEA, which serves as the implementing arm of the Board, and shall be responsible for the efficient and
effective law enforcement of all the provisions on any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential
chemical as provided in this Act.
The PDEA shall be headed by a Director General with the rank of Undersecretary, who shall be responsible for the
general administration and management of the Agency. The Director General of the PDEA shall be appointed by the
President of the Philippines and shall perform such other duties that may be assigned to him/her. He/she must
possess adequate knowledge, training and experience in the field of dangerous drugs, and in any of the following
fields: law enforcement, law, medicine, criminology, psychology or social work.
The Director General of the PDEA shall be assisted in the performance of his/her duties and responsibilities by two
(2) deputies director general with the rank of Assistant Secretary; one for Operations and the other one for
Administration. The two (2) deputies director general shall likewise be appointed by the President of the Philippines
upon recommendation of the Board. The two (2) deputies director general shall possess the same qualifications as
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those of the Director General of the PDEA. The Director General and the two (2) deputies director general shall
receive the compensation and salaries as prescribed by law.
Section 83. Organization of the PDEA. – The present Secretariat of the National Drug Law Enforcement and
Prevention Coordinating Center as created by Executive Order No. 61 shall be accordingly modified and absorbed
by the PDEA.
The Director General of the PDEA shall be responsible for the necessary changes in the organizational set-up which
shall be submitted to the Board for approval.
For purposes of carrying out its duties and powers as provided for in the succeeding Section of this Act, the PDEA
shall have the following Services, namely: Intelligence and Investigation; International Cooperation and Foreign
Affairs; Preventive Education and Community Involvement; Plans and Operations; Compliance; Legal and
Prosecution; Administrative and Human Resource; Financial Management; Logistics Management; and Internal
Affairs.
The PDEA shall establish and maintain regional offices in the different regions of the country which shall be
responsible for the implementation of this Act and the policies, programs, and projects of said agency in their
respective regions.
Section 84. Powers and Duties of the PDEA. – The PDEA shall:
(a) Implement or cause the efficient and effective implementation of the national drug control strategy
formulated by the Board thereby carrying out a national drug campaign program which shall include drug law
enforcement, control and prevention campaign with the assistance of concerned government agencies;
(b) Undertake the enforcement of the provisions of Article II of this Act relative to the unlawful acts and
penalties involving any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical and investigate all
violators and other matters involved in the commission of any crime relative to the use, abuse or trafficking of
any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical as provided for in this Act and the
provisions of Presidential Decree No. 1619;
(c) Administer oath, issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum relative to the conduct of investigation
involving the violations of this Act;
(d) Arrest and apprehend as well as search all violators and seize or confiscate, the effects or proceeds of the
crimes as provided by law and take custody thereof, for this purpose the prosecutors and enforcement agents
are authorized to possess firearms, in accordance with existing laws;
(e) Take charge and have custody of all dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential
chemicals seized, confiscated or surrendered to any national, provincial or local law enforcement agency, if no
longer needed for purposes of evidence in court;
(f) Establish forensic laboratories in each PNP office in every province and city in order to facilitate action on
seize or confiscated drugs, thereby hastening its destruction without delay;
(g) Recommend to the DOJ the forfeiture of properties and other assets of persons and/or corporations found
to be violating the provisions of this Act and in accordance with the pertinent provisions of the Anti-Money-
Laundering Act of 2001;
(h) Prepare for prosecution or cause the filing of appropriate criminal and civil cases for violation of all laws on
dangerous drugs, controlled precursors and essential chemicals, and other similar controlled substances, and
assist, support and coordinate with other government agencies for the proper and effective prosecution of the
same;
(i) Monitor and if warranted by circumstances, in coordination with the Philippine Postal Office and the Bureau
of Customs, inspect all air cargo packages, parcels and mails in the central post office, which appear from the
package and address itself to be a possible importation of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and
essential chemicals, through on-line or cyber shops via the internet or cyberspace;
(j) Conduct eradication programs to destroy wild or illegal growth of plants from which dangerous drugs may
be extracted;
(k) Initiate and undertake the formation of a nationwide organization which shall coordinate and supervise all
activities against drug abuse in every province, city, municipality and barangay with the active and direct
participation of all such local government units and nongovernmental organizations, including the citizenry,
subject to the provisions of previously formulated programs of action against dangerous drugs;
(l) Establish and maintain a national drug intelligence system in cooperation with law enforcement agencies,
other government agencies/offices and local government units that will assist in its apprehension of big-time
drug lords;
(m) Establish and maintain close coordination, cooperation and linkages with international drug control and
administration agencies and organizations, and implement the applicable provisions of international
conventions and agreements related to dangerous drugs to which the Philippines is a signatory;
(n) Create and maintain an efficient special enforcement unit to conduct an investigation, file charges and
transmit evidence to the proper court, wherein members of the said unit shall possess suitable and adequate
firearms for their protection in connection with the performance of their duties: Provided, That no previous
special permit for such possession shall be required;
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(o) Require all government and private hospitals, clinics, doctors, dentists and other practitioners to submit a
report to it, in coordination with the Board, about all dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and
essential chemicals which they have attended to for data and information purposes;
(p) Coordinate with the Board for the facilitation of the issuance of necessary guidelines, rules and regulations
for the proper implementation of this Act;
(q) Initiate and undertake a national campaign for drug prevention and drug control programs, where it may
enlist the assistance of any department, bureau, office, agency or instrumentality of the government, including
government-owned and or –controlled corporations, in the anti-illegal drugs drive, which may include the use
of their respective personnel, facilities, and resources for a more resolute detection and investigation of drug-
related crimes and prosecution of the drug traffickers; and
(r) Submit an annual and periodic reports to the Board as may be required from time to time, and perform such
other functions as may be authorized or required under existing laws and as directed by the President
himself/herself or as recommended by the congressional committees concerned.
Section 85. The PDEA Academy. – Upon the approval of the Board, the PDEA Academy shall be established either
in Baguio or Tagaytay City, and in such other places as may be necessary. The PDEA Academy shall be responsible
in the recruitment and training of all PDEA agents and personnel. The Board shall provide for the qualifications and
requirements of its recruits who must be at least twenty-one (21) years old, of proven integrity and honesty and a
Baccalaureate degree holder.
The graduates of the Academy shall later comprise the operating units of the PDEA after the termination of the
transition period of five (5) years during which all the intelligence network and standard operating procedures of the
PDEA has been set up and operationalized.
The Academy shall be headed by a Superintendent, with the rank of Director. He/she shall be appointed by the
PDEA Director General.
Section 86. Transfer, Absorption, and Integration of All Operating Units on Illegal Drugs into the PDEA and
Transitory Provisions. – The Narcotics Group of the PNP, the Narcotics Division of the NBI and the Customs
Narcotics Interdiction Unit are hereby abolished; however they shall continue with the performance of their task as
detail service with the PDEA, subject to screening, until such time that the organizational structure of the Agency is
fully operational and the number of graduates of the PDEA Academy is sufficient to do the task
themselves: Provided, That such personnel who are affected shall have the option of either being integrated into the
PDEA or remain with their original mother agencies and shall, thereafter, be immediately reassigned to other units
therein by the head of such agencies. Such personnel who are transferred, absorbed and integrated in the PDEA
shall be extended appointments to positions similar in rank, salary, and other emoluments and privileges granted to
their respective positions in their original mother agencies.
The transfer, absorption and integration of the different offices and units provided for in this Section shall take effect
within eighteen (18) months from the effectivity of this Act: Provided, That personnel absorbed and on detail service
shall be given until five (5) years to finally decide to join the PDEA.
Nothing in this Act shall mean a diminution of the investigative powers of the NBI and the PNP on all other crimes as
provided for in their respective organic laws: Provided, however, That when the investigation being conducted by the
NBI, PNP or any ad hoc anti-drug task force is found to be a violation of any of the provisions of this Act, the PDEA
shall be the lead agency. The NBI, PNP or any of the task force shall immediately transfer the same to the
PDEA: Provided, further, That the NBI, PNP and the Bureau of Customs shall maintain close coordination with the
PDEA on all drug related matters.
ARTICLE X
Appropriations, Management of Funds and Annual Report
Section 87. Appropriations. – The amount necessary for the operation of the Board and the PDEA shall be charged
against the current year's appropriations of the Board, the National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention
Coordinating Center, the Narcotics Group of the PNP, the Narcotics Division of the NBI and other drug abuse units of
the different law enforcement agencies integrated into the PDEA in order to carry out the provisions of this Act.
Thereafter, such sums as may be necessary for the continued implementation of this Act shall be included in the
annual General Appropriations Act.
All receipts derived from fines, fees and other income authorized and imposed in this Act, including ten percent
(10%) of all unclaimed and forfeited sweepstakes and lotto prizes but not less than twelve million pesos
(P12,000,000.00) per year from the Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office (PCSO), are hereby constituted as a
special account in the general fund for the implementation of this Act: Provided, That no amount shall be disbursed
to cover the operating expenses of the Board and other concerned agencies: Provided, further, That at least fifty
percent (50%) of all the funds shall be reserved for assistance to government-owned and/or operated rehabilitation
centers.
The fines shall be remitted to the Board by the court imposing such fines within thirty (30) days from the finality of its
decisions or orders. The unclaimed and forfeited prizes shall be turned over to the Board by the PCSO within thirty
(30) days after these are collected and declared forfeited.
A portion of the funds generated by the Philippine Amusement and Gaming Corporation (PAGCOR) in the amount of
Five million pesos (P5,000,000.00) a month shall be set aside for the purpose of establishing adequate drug
rehabilitation centers in the country and also for the maintenance and operations of such centers: Provided, That the
said amount shall be taken from the fifty percent (50%) share of the National Government in the income of
PAGCOR: Provided, further, That the said amount shall automatically be remitted by PAGCOR to the Board. The
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amount shall, in turn, be disbursed by the Dangerous Drugs Board, subject to the rules and regulations of the
Commission on Audit (COA).
The fund may be augmented by grants, donations, and endowment from various sources, domestic or foreign, for
purposes related to their functions, subject to the existing guidelines set by the government.
Section 88. Management of Funds Under this Act; Annual Report by the Board and the PDEA. – The Board shall
manage the funds as it may deem proper for the attainment of the objectives of this Act. In addition to the periodic
reports as may be required under this Act, the Chairman of the Board shall submit to the President of the Philippines
and to the presiding officers of both houses of Congress, within fifteen (15) days from the opening of the regular
session, an annual report on the dangerous drugs situation in the country which shall include detailed account of the
programs and projects undertaken, statistics on crimes related to dangerous drugs, expenses incurred pursuant to
the provisions of this Act, recommended remedial legislation, if needed, and such other relevant facts as it may
deem proper to cite.
Section 89. Auditing the Accounts and Expenses of the Board and the PDEA. – All accounts and expenses of the
Board and the PDEA shall be audited by the COA or its duly authorized representative.
ARTICLE XI
Jurisdiction Over Dangerous Drugs Cases
Section 90. Jurisdiction. – The Supreme Court shall designate special courts from among the existing Regional Trial
Courts in each judicial region to exclusively try and hear cases involving violations of this Act. The number of courts
designated in each judicial region shall be based on the population and the number of cases pending in their
respective jurisdiction.
The DOJ shall designate special prosecutors to exclusively handle cases involving violations of this Act.
The preliminary investigation of cases filed under this Act shall be terminated within a period of thirty (30) days from
the date of their filing.
When the preliminary investigation is conducted by a public prosecutor and a probable cause is established, the
corresponding information shall be filed in court within twenty-four (24) hours from the termination of the
investigation. If the preliminary investigation is conducted by a judge and a probable cause is found to exist, the
corresponding information shall be filed by the proper prosecutor within forty-eight (48) hours from the date of receipt
of the records of the case.
Trial of the case under this Section shall be finished by the court not later than sixty (60) days from the date of the
filing of the information. Decision on said cases shall be rendered within a period of fifteen (15) days from the date of
submission of the case for resolution.
Section 91. Responsibility and Liability of Law Enforcement Agencies and other Government Officials and
Employees in Testifying as Prosecution Witnesses in Dangerous Drugs Cases. – Any member of law enforcement
agencies or any other government official and employee who, after due notice, fails or refuses intentionally or
negligently, to appear as a witness for the prosecution in any proceedings, involving violations of this Act, without any
valid reason, shall be punished with imprisonment of not less than twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20)
years and a fine of not less than Five hundred thousand pesos (P500,000.00), in addition to the administrative
liability he/she may be meted out by his/her immediate superior and/or appropriate body.
The immediate superior of the member of the law enforcement agency or any other government employee
mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be penalized with imprisonment of not less than two (2) months and one
(1) day but not more than six (6) years and a fine of not less than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) but not more
than Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) and in addition, perpetual absolute disqualification from public office if
despite due notice to them and to the witness concerned, the former does not exert reasonable effort to present the
latter to the court.
The member of the law enforcement agency or any other government employee mentioned in the preceding
paragraphs shall not be transferred or re-assigned to any other government office located in another territorial
jurisdiction during the pendency of the case in court. However, the concerned member of the law enforcement
agency or government employee may be transferred or re-assigned for compelling reasons: Provided, That his/her
immediate superior shall notify the court where the case is pending of the order to transfer or re-assign, within
twenty-four (24) hours from its approval; Provided, further, That his/her immediate superior shall be penalized with
imprisonment of not less than two (2) months and one (1) day but not more than six (6) years and a fine of not less
than Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) but not more than Fifty thousand pesos (P50,000.00) and in addition,
perpetual absolute disqualification from public office, should he/she fail to notify the court of such order to transfer or
re-assign.
Prosecution and punishment under this Section shall be without prejudice to any liability for violation of any existing
law.
Section 92. Delay and Bungling in the Prosecution of Drug Cases. – Any government officer or employee tasked
with the prosecution of drug-related cases under this act, who, through patent laxity, inexcusable neglect,
unreasonable delay or deliberately causes the unsuccessful prosecution and/or dismissal of the said drug cases,
shall suffer the penalty of imprisonment ranging from twelve (12) years and one (1) day to twenty (20) years without
prejudice to his/her prosecution under the pertinent provisions of the Revised Penal Code.
Section 93. Reclassification, Addition or Removal of Any Drug from the List of Dangerous Drugs. – The Board shall
have the power to reclassify, add to or remove from the list of dangerous drugs. Proceedings to reclassify, add, or
remove a drug or other substance may be initiated by the PDEA, the DOH, or by petition from any interested party,
including the manufacturer of a drug, a medical society or association, a pharmacy association, a public interest
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group concerned with drug abuse, a national or local government agency, or an individual citizen. When a petition is
received by the Board, it shall immediately begin its own investigation of the drug. The PDEA also may begin an
investigation of a drug at any time based upon the information received from law enforcement laboratories, national
and local law enforcement and regulatory agencies, or other sources of information.
The Board after notice and hearing shall consider the following factors with respect to each substance proposed to
be reclassified, added or removed from control:
(a) Its actual or relative potential for abuse;
(b) Scientific evidence of its pharmacological effect if known;
(c) The state of current scientific knowledge regarding the drug or other substance;
(d) Its history and current pattern of abuse;
(e) The scope, duration, and significance of abuse;
(f) Risk to public health; and
(g) Whether the substance is an immediate precursor of a substance already controlled under this Act.
The Board shall also take into accord the obligations and commitments to international treaties, conventions and
agreements to which the Philippines is a signatory.
The Dangerous Drugs Board shall give notice to the general public of the public hearing of the reclassification,
addition to or removal from the list of any drug by publishing such notice in any newspaper of general circulation
once a week for two (2) weeks.
The effect of such reclassification, addition or removal shall be as follows:
(a) In case a dangerous drug is reclassified as precursors and essential chemicals, the penalties for the
violations of this Act involving the two latter categories of drugs shall, in case of conviction, be imposed in all
pending criminal prosecutions;
(b) In case a precursors and essential chemicals is reclassified as dangerous drug, the penalties for violations
of the Act involving precursors and essential chemicals shall, in case of conviction, be imposed in all pending
criminal prosecutions;
(c) In case of the addition of a new drug to the list of dangerous drugs and precursors and essential
chemicals, no criminal liability involving the same under this Act shall arise until after the lapse of fifteen (15)
days from the last publication of such notice;
(d) In case of removal of a drug from the list of dangerous drugs and precursors and essential chemicals, all
persons convicted and/or detained for the use and/or possession of such a drug shall be automatically
released and all pending criminal prosecution involving such a drug under this Act shall forthwith be
dismissed; and
(e) The Board shall, within five (5) days from the date of its promulgation submit to Congress a detailed
reclassification, addition, or removal of any drug from the list of dangerous drugs.
ARTICLE XII
Implementing Rules and Regulations
Section 94. Implementing Rules and Regulations. – The present Board in consultation with the DOH, DILG, DOJ,
DepEd, DSWD, DOLE, PNP, NBI, PAGCOR and the PCSO and all other concerned government agencies shall
promulgate within sixty (60) days the Implementing Rules and Regulations that shall be necessary to implement the
provisions of this Act.
ARTICLE XIII
Final Provisions
Section 95. Congressional Oversight Committee. – There is hereby created a Congressional Oversight Committee
composed of seven (7) Members from the Senate and seven (7) Members from the House of Representatives. The
Members from the Senate shall be appointed by the Senate President based on the proportional representation of
the parties or coalitions therein with at least two (2) Senators representing the Minority. The Members from the
House of Representatives shall be appointed by the Speaker, also based on proportional representation of the
parties or coalitions therein with at least two (2) Members representing the Minority.
The Committee shall be headed by the respective Chairpersons of the Senate Committee on Public Order and Illegal
Drugs and the House of Representatives Committee on Dangerous Drugs.
Section 96. Powers and Functions of the Oversight Committee. – The Oversight Committee on Dangerous Drugs
shall, in aid of legislation, perform the following functions, among others:
(a) To set the guidelines and overall framework to monitor and ensure the proper implementation of this Act;
(b) To ensure transparency and require the submission of reports from government agencies concerned on
the conduct of programs, projects and policies relating to the implementation of this act;
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(c) To approve the budget for the programs of the Oversight Committee on Dangerous Drugs and all
disbursements therefrom, including compensation of all personnel;
(d) To submit periodic reports to the President of the Philippines and Congress on the implementation of the
provisions of this Act;
(e) To determine inherent weaknesses in the law and recommend the necessary remedial legislation or
executive measures; and
(f) To perform such other duties, functions and responsibilities as may be necessary to effectively attain the
objectives of this Act.
Section 97. Adoption of Committee Rules and Regulations, and Funding. – The Oversight Committee on Dangerous
Drugs shall adopt its internal rules of procedure, conduct hearings and receive testimonies, reports, and technical
advice, invite or summon by subpoena ad testificandum any public official, private citizen, or any other person to
testify before it, or require any person by subpoena duces tecum documents or other materials as it may require
consistent with the provisions of this Act.
The Oversight Committee on Dangerous Drugs shall be assisted by a secretariat to be composed by personnel who
may be seconded from the Senate and the House of Representatives and may retain consultants.
To carry out the powers and functions of the Oversight Committee on Dangerous Drugs, the initial sum of Twenty-five
million pesos (P25,000,000.00) shall be charged against the current appropriations of the Senate. Thereafter, such
amount necessary for its continued operations shall be included in the annual General Appropriations Act.
The Oversight Committee on Dangerous Drugs shall exist for a period of ten (10) years from the effectivity of this Act
and may be extended by a joint concurrent resolution.
Section 98. Limited Applicability of the Revised Penal Code. – Notwithstanding any law, rule or regulation to the
contrary, the provisions of the Revised Penal Code (Act No. 3814), as amended, shall not apply to the provisions of
this Act, except in the case of minor offenders. Where the offender is a minor, the penalty for acts punishable by life
imprisonment to death provided herein shall be reclusion perpetua to death.
Section 99. Separability Clause. – If for any reason any section or provision of this Act, or any portion thereof, or the
application of such section, provision or portion thereof to any person, group or circumstance is declared invalid or
unconstitutional, the remainder of this Act shall not be affected by such declaration and shall remain in force and
effect.
Section 100. Repealing Clause. – Republic Act No. 6425, as amended, is hereby repealed and all other laws,
administrative orders, rules and regulations, or parts thereof inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, are hereby
repealed or modified accordingly.
Section 101. Amending Clause. – Republic Act No. 7659 is hereby amended accordingly.
Section 102. Effectivity. – This Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days upon its publication in at least two (2) national
newspapers of general circulation.
Approved,
(Sgd) (Sgd)
FRANKLIN M. DRILON JOSE DE VENECIA, JR.

President of the Senate Speaker of the House of
Representatives
This Act which is a consolidation of Senate Bill No. 1858 and House Bill No. 4433 was finally passed by the Senate
and the House of Representatives on May 30, 2002 and May 29, 2002, respectively.
(Sgd) (Sgd)
OSCAR G. YABES ROBERTO P. NAZARENO

Secretary of the Senate Secretary General
House of Representatives
Approved: January 23, 2002
(Sgd)
GLORIA MACAPAGAL-
ARROYO
President of the Philippines
ANNEX
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1988 UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST ILLICIT TRAFFIC IN NARCOTIC DRUGS AND
PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES
LIST OF SUBSTANCES IN TABLE I
1. ACETIC ANHYDRIDE
2. N-ACETYLANTHRANILIC ACID
3. EPHEDRINE
4. ERGOMETRINE
5. ERGOTAMINE
6. ISOSAFROLE
7. LYSERGIC ACID
8. 3, 4-METHYLENEDIOXYPHENYL-2 PROPANONE
9. NOREPHEDRINE
10. 1-PHENYL-2-PROPANONE
11. PIPERONAL
12. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
13. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE
14. SAFROLE
THE SALTS OF THE SUBSTANCES LISTED IN THIS TABLE WHENEVER THE EXISTENCE OF SUCH SALTS IS
POSSIBLE.
LIST OF SUBSTANCES IN TABLE II
1. ACETONE
2. ANTHRANILIC ACID
3. ETHYL ETHER
4. HYDROCHLORIC ACID
5. METHYL ETHYL KETONE
6. PHENYLACETIC ACID
7. PIPERIDINE
8. SULPHURIC ACID
9. TOLUENE
THE SALTS OF THE SUBSTANCES LISTED IN THIS TABLE WHENEVER THE EXISTENCE OF SUCH SALTS IS
POSSIBLE (THE SALTS OF HYDROCHLORIC ACID AND SULPHURIC ACID ARE SPECIFICALLY EXCLUDED)
1961 UNITED NATIONS SINGLE CONVENTION ON NARCOTIC DRUGS AS AMENDED BY THE 1972
PROTOCOL
LIST OF DRUGS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE I
1. Acetorphine
2. Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl
3. Acetylmethadol
4. Alfentanil
5. Allylprodine
6. Alphacetylmethadol
7. Alphameprodine
8. Alphamethadol
9. Alpha-methylfentanyl
10. Alpha-methylthiofentanyl
11. Alphaprodine
12. Anileridine
13. Benzethidine
14. Benzylmorphine
15. Betacetylmethadol
16. Beta-hydroxyfentanyl
17. Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl
18. Betameprodine
19. Betamethadol
20. Betaprodine
21. Bezitramide
22. Cannabis and Cannabis resin and extracts and tinctures of cannabis
23. Clonitazene
24. Coca leaf
25. Cocaine
26. Codoxime
27. Concentrate of poppy straw
28. Desomorphine
29. Dextromoramide
30. Diampromide
31. Diethylthiambutene
32. Difenoxin
33. Dihydroetorphine
34. Dihydromorphine
35. Dihydromorphine*
36. Dimenoxadol
37. Dimepheptanol
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38. Dimethylthiambutene
39. Dioxaphetyl butyrate
40. Diphenoxylate
41. Dipipanone
42. Drotebanol
43. Ecgonine
44. Ethylmethylthiambutene
45. Etonitazene
46. Etorphine
47. Etoxeridine
48. Fentanyl
49. Furethidine
50. Heroin
51. Hydrocodone
52. Hydromorphinol
53. Hydromorphone
54. Hydroxypethidine
55. Isomethadone
56. Ketobemidone
57. Levomethorphan
58. Levomoramide
59. Levophenacylmorphan
60. Levorphanol
61. Metazocine
62. Methadone
63. Methadone Intermediate
64. Methyldesorphine
65. Methyldihydromorphine
66. 3-methylfentanyl
67. 3-methylthiofentanyl
68. Metopon
69. Moramide intermediate
70. Morpheridine
71. Morphine
72. Morphine methobromide
73. Morphine-N-oxide
74. MPPP
75. Myrophine
76. Nicomorphine
77. Noracymethadol
78. Norlevorphanol
79. Normethadone
80. Normorphine
81. Norpipanone
82. Opium
83. Oxycodone
84. Oxymorphone
85. Para-fluorofentanyl
86. PEPAP
87. Pethidine
88. Pethidine intermediate A
89. Pethidine intermediate B
90. Pethidine intermediate C
91. Phenadoxone
92. Phenampromide
93. Phenazocine
94. Phenomorphan
95. Phenoperidine
96. Piminodine
97. Piritramide
98. Proheptazine
99. Properidine
100. Racemethorphan
101. Racemoramide
102. Racemorphan
103. Remifentanil
104. Sufentanil
105. Thebacon
106. Thebaine
107. Thiofentanyl
108. Tilidine
109. Trimeperidine
-----
* Dextromethorphan (+)-3-methoxy-N-methylmorphinan and dextrorphan (+)-3-hydroxy-N-methylmorphinan are
isomers specifically excluded from this Schedule.
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AND the isomers, unless specifically excepted, of the drugs in this Schedule whenever the existence of such isomers
is possible within the specific chemical designation;
The esters and ethers, unless appearing in another Schedule, of the drugs in this Schedule whenever the existence
of such esters or ethers is possible;
The salts of the drugs listed in this Schedule, including the salts of esters, ethers and isomers as provided above
whenever the existence of such salts is possible.
LIST OF DRUGS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE II
1. Acetyldihydrocodeine
2. Codeine
3. Dextropropoxyphene
4. Dihydrocodeine
5. Ethylmorphine
6. Nicocodine
7. Nicodicodine
8. Norcodeine
9. Pholcodine
10. Propiram
And the isomers, unless specifically excepted, of the drugs in this Schedule whenever the existence of such isomers
is possible within the specific chemical designation.
The salts of the drugs listed in this Schedule, including the salts of the isomers as provided above whenever the
existence of such salts is possible.
LIST OF DRUGS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE III
1. Preparations of : Acetyldihydrocodeine,
Codeine,
Dihydrocodeine,
Ethylmorphine,
Nicocodine,
Nicodicodine,
Norcodeine and
Pholcodine
When compounded with one or more other ingredients and
containing not more than milligrams of the drug per dosage unit
and with a concentration of not more than 2.5 per cent in
undivided preparations.
2. Preparations of : Propiram containing not more than 100 milligrams of propiram

per dosage unit and compounded with at least the same amount
of Methylcellulose.
3. Preparations of : Dextropropoxyphene for oral use containing not more than 135
milligrams of dextropropoxyphene base per dosage unit or with
a concentration of not more than 2.5 per cent in undivided
preparations, provided that such preparations do not contain any
substance controlled under the Convention on Psychotropic
Substances of 1971.
4. Preparations of : Cocaine containing not more than 0.1 per cent of cocaine
calculated as cocaine base; and
Preparations of:
Opium or morphine containing not more than 0.2 per cent of
morphine calculated as anhydrous morphine base and
compounded with one or more other ingredients and in such a
way that the drug cannot be recovered by readily applicable
means or in a yield that would constitute a risk to public health.
5. Preparations of : Difenoxin containing, per dosage unit, not more than 0.5
milligrams of difenoxin and a quantity of atropine sulfate
equivalent to at least 5 per cent of the dose of difenoxin.
6. Preparations of : Diphenoxylate containing per dosage unit, not more than 2.5
milligrams diphenoxylate calculated as base and a quantity of
atropine sulfate equivalent to at least 1 per cent of the dose of
diphenoxylate.
7. Preparations of : Pulvis ipecacuanhae et opii compositus
10 per cent opium in powder

10 per cent ipecacuanha root, in powder well mixed with
80 per cent of any other powdered ingredient containing
no drug.
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8. Preparations conforming to any of the formulas listed in this Schedule and mixtures
such preparations with any material which contains no drug.
LIST OF DRUGS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE IV
1. Acetorphine
2. Acetyl-alpha-methylfentanyl
3. Alpha-methylfentanyl
4. Alpha-methylthiofentanyl
5. Beta-hydroxy-3-methylfentanyl
6. Beta-hydroxyfentanyl
7. Cannabis and Cannabis resin
8. Desomorphine
9. Etorphine
10. Heroin
11. Ketobemidone
12. 3-methylfentanyl
13. 3-methylthiofentanyl
14. MPPP
15. Para-fluorofentanyl
16. PEPAP
17. Thiofentanyl
AND the salts of the drugs listed in this Schedule whenever the formation of such salts is possible
1971 UNITED NATIONS SINGLE CONVENTION ON PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES
LIST OF SUBSTANCES IN SCHEDULE I
BROLAMFETAMINE (DOB) (±)-4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-a-methylphenethylamine
Dimethoxybromoamphetamine
CATHINONE (-)-(S)-2-Aminopropiophenone
DET 3-[2-(Diethylamino)ethyl)indole)
DMA (±)-2,5-DIMETHOXY-a-methylphenethylamine
2,5 Dimethoxyamphetamine
DMPH 3-(1,2-Dimethylhepty)-7,8,9,-10-tetrahydro-6,6,9-
trimethyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol
DMT 3-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]indole
DOET (±)-4-Ethyl-2,5-dimethoxy-a-phorethylamine
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-ethylamphetamine
ETICYCLIDINE (PCE) N-Ethyl-1-phenylcyclohexylamine
ETRYPAMINE 3-(2-Aminobutyl)indole
(+)-LYSERGIDE (LSD, LSD- 9,10-Didehydro-N,N-diethyl-6-methylergoline-8b-

25) carboxamide
MDA (+)-N, a-Dimethyl-3,4-(methylene-

dioxy)phenethylamine
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
MESCALINE 3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenethylamine
METHCATHINONE 2-(Methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one
4-METHYLAMINOREX (+)-cis-2-Amino-4-methyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazoline
MMDA 2-Methoxy-a-methyl-4,5-
(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine
5-Methoxy-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine
N-ETHYL MDA (+)-N-Ethyl-a-methyl-

3,4(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine
3-4-Methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine
N-HYDROXY MDA (+)-N-[a-Methyl-3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenethyl]-

hydroxylamine
9/4/2020 R.A. 9165
PARAHEXYL 3-Hexyl-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,6,-9-trimethyl-6H-
dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol
PMA p-Methoxy-a-methylphenethylamine
Paramethoxyamphetamine
PSILOCINE, PSILOTSIN 3-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]indol-4-ol
PSILOCYBINE 3-[2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl]indol-4-yl
dihydrogen phosphate
ROLICYCLIDINE (PHP, 1-(1-Phenylcyclohexyl)pyrrolidine

PCPY)
STP, DOM 2,5-Dimethoxy-a,4-dimethylphenethylamine
TENAMFETAMINE (MDA) a-Methyl-3,4-(methylenedioxy)phenethylamine
Methylenedioxyamphetamine
TENOCYCLIDINE (TCP) 1-[1-(2-Thienyl)cyclohexyl]piperridine
TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL - the following isomers and their stereochemical

variants:
7,8,9,10-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-
pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol
(9R,10aR)-8,9,10,10a-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-
trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-
ol
(6aR,9R,10aR)-6a,9,10,10a-Tetrahydro-
6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-
dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol
(6aR,10aR)-6a,7,10,10a-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-
trimethyl-3-pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-
ol
(6a,7,8,9-Tetrahydro-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-
pentyl-6H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol
(6aR,10aR)-6a,7,8,9,10,10a-Hexahydro-
6,6,dimethyl-9-methylene-3-pentyl-6H-
Dibenzo[b,d]pyran-1-ol
TMA (±)-3,4,5-Trimethoxy-a – methylphenethylamine
3,4,5-Trimethoxyamphetamine
4-MIA-(a-methyl-4-methylthiophenethylamine)
The stereoisomers, unless specifically excepted, of substances in this Schedule, whenever the existence of such
stereou\isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation.
LIST OF SUBSTANCES IN SCHEDULE II
1. AMFETAMINE (AMPHETAMINE)
2. DEXAMFETAMINE (DEXAMPHETAMINE)
3. FENETYLLINE
4. LEVAMFETAMINE (LEVAMPHETAMINE)
5. LEVOMETHAMPHETAMINE
6. MECLOQUALONE
7. METAMFETAMINE (METHAMPHETAMINE)
8. METHAMPHETAMINE RACEMATE
9. METHAQUALONE
10. METHYLPHENIDATE
11. PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP)
12. PHENMETRAZINE
13. SECOBARBITAL
14. DRONABINOL (delta-9-tetrahydro-cannabinol and its stereochemical variants)
15. ZIPEPROL
16. 2C-B(4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine)
LIST OF SUBSTANCES IN SCHEDULE III
9/4/2020 R.A. 9165
1. AMOBARBITAL
2. BUPRENORPHINE
3. BUTALBITAL
4. CATHINE (+)-norpseudo-ephedrine
5. CYCLOBARBITAL
6. FLUNITRAZEPAM
7. GLUTETHIMIDE
8. PENTAZOCINE
9. PENTOBARBITAL
Substances in Schedule IV
1. ALLOBARBITAL
2. ALPRAZOLAM
3. AMFEPRAMONE 4. AMINOREX
5. BARBITAL
6. BENZFETAMINE(benzphetamine)
7. BROMAZEPAM
8. Butobarbital
9. BROTIZOLAM
10. CAMAZEPAM
11. CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE
12. CLOBAZAM
13. CLONAZEPAM
14. CLORAZEPATE
15. CLOTIAZEPAM
16. CLOXAZOLAM
17. DELORAZEPAM
18. DIAZEPAM
19. ESTAZOLAM
20. ETHCHLORVYNOL
21. ETHINAMATE
22. ETHYL LOFLAZEPATE
23. ETILAMFETAMINE(N-ethylampetamine)
24. FENCAMFAMIN
25. FENPROPOREX
26. FLUDIAZEPAM
27. FLURAZEPAM
28. HALAZEPAM
29. HALOXAZOLAM
30. KETAZOLAM
31. LEFETAMINE(SPA)
32. LOPRAZOLAM
33. LORAZEPAM
34. LORMETAZEPAM
35. MAZINDOL
36. MEDAZEPAM
37. MEFENOREX
38. MEPROBAMATE
39. MESOCARB
40. METHYLPHENOBARBITAL
41. METHYPRYLON
42. MIDAZOLAM
43. NIMETAZEPAM
44. NITRAZEPAM
45. NORDAZEPAM
46. OXAZEPAM
47. OXAZOLAM
48. PEMOLINE
49. PHENDIMETRAZINE
50. PHENOBARBITAL
51. PHENTERMINE
52. PINAZEPAM
53. PIPRADROL
54. PRAZEPAM
55. PYROVALERONE
56. SECBUTABARBITAL
57. TEMAZEPAM
58. TETRAZEPAM
59. TRIAZOLAM
60. VINYLBITAL GHB (Gamma-Hydroxyburic acid)
61. Zolpidem

Be It Enacted by The Senate and House of Representatives of The Philippines in Congress

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Be It Enacted by The Senate and House of Representatives of The Philippines in Congress

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9/4/2020 R.A.

Congress of the Philippines

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9165 June 7, 2002

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress

Unlawful Acts and Penalties

(e) Any employment of a practitioner, chemical engineer, public official or foreigner.

(1) 10 grams or more of opium;

(2) 10 grams or more of morphine;

(3) 10 grams or more of heroin;

(4) 10 grams or more of cocaine or cocaine hydrochloride;

(5) 50 grams or more of methamphetamine hydrochloride or "shabu";

(6) 10 grams or more of marijuana resin or marijuana resin oil;

(7) 500 grams or more of marijuana; and

(e) Cultivation or culture of plants which are sources of dangerous drugs.

Dangerous Drugs Test and Record Requirements

(1) License number and address of the pharmacist;

(3) Quantity and name of the dangerous drugs purchased or acquired;

(4) Date of acquisition or purchase;

(8) Date of sale or delivery.

(2) Preventive measures against drug abuse;

Participation of Local Government Units

Program for Treatment and Rehabilitation of Drug Dependents

(c) The Board favorably recommends that his/her sentence be suspended.

Dangerous Drugs Board and Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency

(1) Secretary of the Department of Justice or his/her representative;

(2) Secretary of the Department of Health or his/her representative;

(3) Secretary of the Department of National Defense or his/her representative;

(4) Secretary of the Department of Finance or his/her representative;

(5) Secretary of the Department of Labor and Employment or his/her representative;

(8) Secretary of the Department of Foreign Affairs or his/her representative;

(9) Secretary of the Department of Education or his/her representative;

(10) Chairman of the Commission on Higher Education or his/her representative;

(11) Chairman of the National Youth Commission;

(12) Director General of the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency.

The two (2) regular members shall be as follows:

Appropriations, Management of Funds and Annual Report

Jurisdiction Over Dangerous Drugs Cases

(a) Its actual or relative potential for abuse;

(b) Scientific evidence of its pharmacological effect if known;

(d) Its history and current pattern of abuse;

(e) The scope, duration, and significance of abuse;

(f) Risk to public health; and

The effect of such reclassification, addition or removal shall be as follows:

Implementing Rules and Regulations

FRANKLIN M. DRILON JOSE DE VENECIA, JR.

OSCAR G. YABES ROBERTO P. NAZARENO

Approved: January 23, 2002

LIST OF SUBSTANCES IN TABLE I

LIST OF SUBSTANCES IN TABLE II

LIST OF DRUGS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE I

LIST OF DRUGS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE II

LIST OF DRUGS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE III

2. Preparations of : Propiram containing not more than 100 milligrams of propiram

7. Preparations of : Pulvis ipecacuanhae et opii compositus

10 per cent opium in powder

LIST OF DRUGS INCLUDED IN SCHEDULE IV

1971 UNITED NATIONS SINGLE CONVENTION ON PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES

LIST OF SUBSTANCES IN SCHEDULE I

BROLAMFETAMINE (DOB) (±)-4-Bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-a-methylphenethylamine