DOCUMENT RESUME

ED 089 550 FL 004 882

AUTHOR Cornyn, William S.
TITLE Spoken Burmese: Book One.
INSTITUTION American Council of Learned Societies, New York,
N.Y.; Linguistic Society of America, Washington,
D.C.; Spoken Language Services, Inc., Ithaca, N.Y.
PUB DATE 45
NOTE 163p,
AVAILABLE FROM Spoken Language Services, Inc., P. O. Box 783,
Ithaca, N. Y. 14850 ($7.00; records, $55.50)
EDRS PRICE MP-$0.75 BC Not Available from EDRS. PLUS POSTAGE
DESCRIPTORS *Burmese; *Conversational Language Courses; Cultural
Education; *Independent Study; *Language Instruction;
Language Skills; Modern Languages; *Textbooks;
Uncommonly Taught Languages
ABSTRACT
This course in spoken Burmese is intended for use in
introductory conversational classes. Book I in the tvo-volume series
is divided into two major parts, each containing five learning units
and one unit devoted to review. Each unit contains sections including
(1) basic sentences, (2) word study and review of basic sentences,
(3) listening comprehension, and (4) conversation exercises. The
lessons, based on cultural experiences commonly shared by the
Burmese, are structured for independent study. Por the companion
document, see FL 004 883. (RL)
 Spoken Burmese
U I.DEPARTMENTOPHEALTH.
EDUCATION a WELFARE
NATIONAL INSTITUTED!,
EDUCATION

BOOK ONE THIS DOCUMENT HAS SEEN REPRO

DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM
THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGIN
ATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS
STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRE-
SENT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OP
EOUCAT ION POSIT ION OR POLICY.

by WILLIAM S. CORNYN

(X)

0 Spoken Language Services, Inc.

J
a
The Armed Forces edition of this book was pub-
lished by the Linguistic Society of America and
the Intensive Language Program of the American
Council of Learned Societies.

'PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS

COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL ISY MICRO.
FICHE ONLY HAS SEEN GRANTEO BY
__Spoken LatignAgA
Copyright, 1945, Services, Inc,
TO ERIC AND ORGANIZATIONS OPERA'
MG UNDER AGREEMENTS WITH THE NA
TIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION
FURTHER REPRODUCTION OUTSIDE
THE ERIC SYSTEM REQUIRES PERMIS
SION OF THE COPYRIGHT OWNER "

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may be reproduced in any form without written
permission of the publisher.
 INTRODUCTION
1. This Course in spoken Burmese is designed as a educated will speak It exactly as you find it here. The
general introduction to the Burmese language. It con- people in the country areas and even some of the people
tains all the essential grammatical materials for learning in the cities, may, however, speak a slightly different
to speak everyday Burmese, and its vocabulary, though kind of Burmese. If the pronunciation you hear is not
small, is built around a number of the most useful quite like what is given to you in this manual or what
common situations and current topics. It is based on you hear in this course, imitate the per ion with whom you
the principle that you must hear a language if you are are speaking. Likewise, do not hesitate to use the ges-
to understand it when spoken, and that you must tures which you see, for they are part of the language.
practice speaking it in order to master its sounds and Imitate them if you can.
its forms.
A teacher will often not be available for those for 3. A Native Speaker and This Manual are used in
whom this book is written. So the course has been made this course to help you in learning to speak Burmese.
as nearly self-teaching as possible. This manual covers The two must be used together. Neither is of any value
the course completely and requires the use of no other without the other.
reference material. This manual has been so organized that it can be
used to study by yourself or in a group. If you work in
2. The Burmese Language is spoken by about 11 a group, and have no regular teacher, choose one of the
million people in Burma. group to act as Group Leader,
Variations in language are perfectly natural and are
found in every language in the world. So do not be sur- 4. A Native Speaker is the only good source of first-
prised if no two Burmans whom you meet seem to talk hand knowledge of the pronunciation and usage of any
in exactly the same way. All the people you meet in language. The method used in this manual requires the
Burma will understand the kind of Burmese presented presence of a native speaker of Burmese, preferably a
in this manual, and a great many of them, especially person who can be on hand throughout the course, or
in the larger towns and cities and among the fairly well next best the voice of a native speaker recorded on the
iii
phonograph records which are sUpplied with this mentary word lists for Units 13 through 30. All the
manual. The native speaker is referred to as the Guide. words in the manual are Included In two complete
The Guide's job is to act as a model for you to imitate, vocabularies, Burmese-English and English-Burmese.
and as a check on your pronunciation and usage. It is
not his business to be a "teacher" or to "explain" the 6. The Basic Sentences in each unit are arranged so
language to you That is the function of this manual. as to give you a number of new words and a number
The Guide should be, if possible, a person who speaks of new ways of saying things, first broken up into words
more or less the type of Burmese found in this manual, or short phrases, and then combined in complete sen-
but he should speak it naturally and without affecta- tences.
tion. He should be neither over-educated nor too un-
cul tured. 7.. The Aids to Listening which are given in the fol-
lowing units present a transcription which is designed
5. This Manual is divided into five major parts, each to help you in remembering the Burmese words as they
containing five learning units and one unit devoted to sound. In this transcription each Burmese sound is
review. Each unit contains several sections, usually the represented by one letter. Every letter always stands
following: for the same sound.

A. Basic Sentences (with Hints on Pronunciation, & The Flints on Pronunciation are given you to help
in Parts I and II, and Pronunciation Drill, you improve your speech in Burmese. No language has
in Parts III, IV, and V) sounds exactly like those of any other; and in Burmese
B. Word Study you will find some sounds which are quite absent from
C. Review of Basic Sentences English, and others which are somewhat but not
D. Listening In exactly like English sounds.
E. Conversation After you go through these Hints you will be able to
F. Conversation (Cont.) hear and imitate more precisely the sounds in the Basic
Sentences.

These six sections are followed in each learning unit 9. Pronunciation is important for a number of rea-
by a Pinder List containing all the new words in the sons: if you expect to be understood when you speak a
particular unit. At the end of the manual are included foreign language, you will have to pronounce it more
a summary of all word study material as well as supple or less the way the people are us:..-d to hearing it.
iv
Furthermore, the nearer you get to pronouncing the give you the setting for your conversations. Here you
precise sounds, the easier it will be for your ear to catch will be able to make use of all the material that you
the sound as spoken by a native, and the more rapidly have learned up to this point.
you will pick up new words and phrases and make
progress in learning the language. 14. In Speaking Burmese you should not first figure
out what you want to say in English and then translate
10. The Native Speaker Is Always Right. At times it into Burmese, word for word. You should apply, In-
this manual or the phonograph records may show one stead, the words and expressions you already know to
pronunciation and the particular native speaker who the given situation. If you cannot immediately rattle
a'ts as your Guide will pronounce something a little off a word or expression to fit a particular situation, go
different. Always imitate the pronunciation of your on to another, or ask a question, but under no circum-
Guide rather than that of the phonograph records or of stances attempt to compose long and complicated sen-
the Aids to Listening. tences. As soon as you do, you lapse into English speech
11. The Word Study sections show you certain tises habits and stop learning Burmese and Burmese speech
and combinations of words and phrases studied up to habits.
that point; you are taught how to take apart the words When people speak to you, they will often use words
and phrases which you have heard and how to make and expressions you do not know. If you can't guess
new words and phrases on the same model. their meaning, try to find out by asking questions in
12. The Listening In section gives you a number of Burmese, or by asking them to repeat slowly, or to
conversations, anecdotes, or stories, which use the explain in simpler terms. If you do this you will con-
vocabulary and constructions you have learned in each stantly learn more and will practice the Burmese you
unit and in all those preceding. Its purpose is to give already know in the process.
you practice in listening to and understanding the Your learning of Burmese will not stop, therefore,
foreign language as you might overhear it in normal when you have mastered this material. You will,
conversations among Burmese-speaking people, and to rather, be able to get around among the people, practice
furnish you with models for your own conversation what you know, and steadily pick up more and more
practice. words and phrases. Try to learn them as you go. Carry
along a notebook to jot down what you want to re-
13. The Conversation Practice represents the central member; you can then review this new material from
aim of the course. Situations will be outlined which will time to time.
 You should not wait until you have finished this possible. Be careful not to slip back into a careless Eng-
manual before you start using the language. Start prac- lish -like pronunciation. Listen closely to what the per-
ticing right away. When you have done the first unit, son says in response, trying to catch as much as you
try out the expressions on as many people as possible. can. The first few times it may be hard to catch even
When you try out your Burmese, even at this early the words you know, but you will improve rapidly if
stage, make it slide off your tongue as smoothly as you keep on practicing every chance you get.

at
 CONTENTS
PART I
UNIT Page UNIT Page
1. GETTING AROUND, Greetings and General 1 4. FAMILY AND FRIENDS. Pronunciation of n, hn; 50
Phrases. Comments on Aids to Listening. m, lint; n, hn; 1, hl. 44; -M, -le; -ye, -ka. Nega-
Directions. Eating. Price. Time. Numbers. tive statements and questions.
Hints on Pronunciation.
2. MEETING PEOPLE. Pronunciation of vowels 21 5. THE WEATHER, Sounds in rapid speech. The 61
and consonants. English am, is, are; a, the; Burmese year. -hmd, -k6u, -ka, -ne. Commands.
singular and plural; questions; I, you, he, we, Negative commands.
they.
3. WHAT'S YOUR TRADE? Pronunciation of kh, 36 6. REVIEW. 75
k; th, t; ph, p; ch, c; sh, s. -le, -me; -Id, -le,
PART II
UNIT Page UNIT Page
7. A PLACE TO LIVE. Tones in combination. Wide. 81 10. SEEING THA SIGHTS. Verb expression modi- 123
Secondary particles: -chin-, -hndin-, -lein-, fiers. mydde. General particles: -Mu, -kei.
-pha -, -oei-, -ya-, -pd-
8. GETTING CLEANED UP. Numbers. Verb expres- 95 11. SHOPPING. Pronunciation. Counting. -the, 138
sions. pydnde. peide. aide. Noun expressions. General particles: -hd, -ed.
0. LET'S EAT. Tones. Money. General particles: 108 12, REVIEW. 153
.pht, -ma, -145u. -sayd.
PART ONE UNIT a
GETTING AROUND
To the Group Leader: Each unit of this course is divided into six sections.
minutes on each section, It is suggested that the group spend not less than fifty
Before you get the group together to work on this first unit, read carefully the following material
Useful Words and Phrases on page 3. When the group meets, read the material aloud up to the heading
member of the group do the reading. The students will follow the reading with their books to them or have some other
Guide, or the phonograph and records, are ready before the group meets for work on Section A, See open. Be sure that your
supplied with a copy of the Guide's Manual which tells him just what he is to do and gives that the Guide is
him the Burmese he is to
speak to the group, You yourself should consult the back of the Guide's Manual for further instructions.
You should look through all of the sections of this unit, reading the directions carefully,
the general plan of the work, Always get clearly In mind the directions for a section beforeso that you will have in mind
group meeting. you take that section up In

This unit gives you the most i-nmediate and neces- enable you to make ordinary wants known and to carry
sary expressions that you will need in meeting people, on a simple conversation in Burmese from the very
asking your way, buying things, and counting. The start.
amount of learning and memorizing required for the All but a few of these words and phrases are selected
first unit is considerably greater than that for any later from the phonograph records for the Burmese Lan-
unit. You are given such a large dose at the start be-
cause this unit is meant to be a kind of "language first guage Guide (Introductory Series) (TM 30-332). If you
have worked with these records, the present unit will
aid" which gives you enough useful expressions to serve as a review.

SECTION A-- USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES

In the list of Useful Words and Phrases which fol- Listening which will help you in getting the sounds.
lows, the English equivalent of these words and phrases The Group Leader will first read the Englssh Equivalent
is given at the left of the page. Opposite are the Aids to and pause for the Guide to speak the Burmese. Every
(l Al 1
member of the group then repeats after the Guide. The form seems to you to differ from the spoken sound,
Guide will then say the Burmese a second time and follow the spoken sound always.
everybody will repeat after him as before. The Group In the first five units, do not attempt under any cir-
Leader will then read the next English Equivalent and cumstances to pronounce the Burmese before you have
the Guide and group will follow the same procedure. heard it. You will only make trouble for yourself if you
If no Guide is available, the phonograph records pro- try to guess the pronunciation by "reading" the Aids
vided for the course should be used. When the group to Listening.
is ready, the Group Leader will begin playing the ap- If you are working with a Guide who does not under-
propriate record and the group will repeat right after stand English, ask the Group Leader to demonstrate
the Burmese speaker during the silences on the record. for you what hand signals to use to let the Guide know
The phonograph records can be used with profit even when you want him to read more slowly or to repeat.
in cases where a Guide is available because they can
be heard between meetings of the group, whenever it
is convenient to you; they furnish additional practice To the Group Leader: if the Guide does not speak English, he is
in hearing Burmese; you may listen only to those por- instructed to follow these hand signals:
tions which you have found difficult; and the records
may be played as often as you wish. In case the speaker 1. Index finger raised: BEGIN
on the record has a Burmese pronunciation different 2. Hand raised, palm toward the Guide: STOP
from that of your Guide, use the records only for listen- 3. Palm down, hand moved slowly in
ing and understanding and not for imitating. semi-circle: SLOWER
Whether you are working with a Guide or with the 4. Beckoning with index finger: REPEAT
phonograph records, you must repeat each Burmese
word and phrase in a loud, clear voice, trying at all 5. Hand held palm up and moved
times to imitate the pronunciation as closely as you quickly up and down. LOUDER
can. Mimic everything even the Guide's gestures and
the tone of his voice. Keep constantly in mind the Remember that each phrase you say has a real mean-
meaning of the Burmese you are about to hear, glancing ing in Burmese and hence you should always act as
at the English equivalent whenever you need to remind though you were really saying something to someone
yourself. When you are hearing the Burmese, keep your else. You will learn fastest if, when your book is open,
eyes on the Aids to Listening. But whenever the written you follow these steps:
2 ilA1
 1. Keep your eyes on the Aids to Listening as you 2. Indicate to the Guide that he is to repeat when-
listen to the Burmese being spoken. ever the pronunciation is bad and to keep on
2. Repeat immediately what you have heard. repeating until he gets a pronunciation that
3. Keep in mind the meaning of what you are saying. sounds like Burmese.
3. Urge everyone to mimic to the limit every
Begin the words and phrases as soon as your Guide sound, every inflection, even the mannerisms
is ready or when the Group Leader is ready to play the of the Guide.
first phonograph record.
4. Keep the work moving. Don't let it drag at any
To the Group Leader: Give the members of the group a chance to
time. See that everyone is listehing, not only
ask questions about the instructions. Make sure that everyone to the Guide, but to himself and to the others
understands Just what he Is to do. Then have the students as they repeat after the Guide.
go through the list of Useful Words and Phrases once with the
books open, repeating in unison after the Guide. Following S. Go through all the work yourself. Repeat with
this first_ practice, read with the group the Comment on the the others and take your turn at the indi-
Aids to Listening on page 4. Make sure that everyone under- vidual repetitions.
stands it.
Now go through the list a second time, Just as you did be-
fore. And finally, go through it a third time, but let the
students take turns repeating individually after the Guide 1. Useful Words and Phrases
a sentence to a student. Indicate the order in which the repeti-
tions are to go, who is first, who next, and so on. Continue this Here is a list of useful words and phrases you will
individual repetition as long as the time permits. Then, just
before dismissing the group, read with them the paragraph need in Burmese.
headed Check Yourself on page 11,
NOTE: Words enclosed in brackets [ 1 are not ex-
Here are some hints that will make the work of the pressed in the Burmese. Words enclosed in parentheses
group more effective: ( ) help to explain the meaning of the Burmese but are
1. Insist that everyone speak up. Don't allow any not necessary in English. Words enclosed in single quo-
mumbling! Each member of the group must tation marks " are literal or word-for-word equiva-
be able to hear what is being said at all times. lents.
(1--A1 3
 Greetings and General Phrases (1) understand. nd lido
Record IA, beginning. [I] don't understand. nd tnalib4
MUSH IMUIVALINTS AM TO LIMNING what ha
ay? py66ale
How are you? (Good morning, m4yekl What [did you] say? bd pytade
hello, how do you do?, etc.)
slowly hneihnei
I'm fine. nulbtlye speak, please pydbd
Sir or madam. khbnbyd Please speak slowly. hneihnei py0,64
How do you do, sir (madam)? m4yeld, khinsbyci restaurant lhaminedin
I'm fine, sir (madam). where? behmdla
khimbyd Where('s al restaurant? thamtnain behnal$
Forms of address: hotel hole
to a man considerably older than 'a Where('s a! hotel? hole behmdle
yourself railroad train miyathd
to a woman older than yourself do statiou baddyoun
to a man your own age or older kou
Where['s the railroad station? mlyathd bIlddy6un
behmdle
to a woman your own age or and toilet Patted
younger Where('s the) toilet? PeinVd behmdle
to a man your own age or younger mdun
After you have gone through the Useful Words and
Excuse me. katabaye Phrases once, read the following:
Thank you. Mst1 limbdde
That's so. houkke 2. Comment on the Aids to Listening
That's not so. mahouppha
The best way to learn any language is to listen to a
(Do you understand? nd 'Mold native speaker of it, and then copy exactly what he
4 (1A)
says, That is why we ask you to listen carefully to your /fink on Pronunciation
Guide (or the speaker on the records) and imitate him
as exactly as you can, it would be ideal If you could TO the Crop ,eels: explariatiorti preceding the ?yokes
shouid be read by t o group and disit:Issed before the practice
remember everything he says simply by listening end Is attempted. Go through each pract many times as may
repeating. However, most of us need to have something be necessary to give each member the gro;.p reapottabfe
on paper to remind us of what we have heard. This is of the item of pronunciation that is being taught, The
what the Aids to Listening are meant for, They are Prattices.lre in the Guide's Manual and on the phonograph
Practices
records. Have the group repeat after the Guide, or the phone
simply an attempt to put down Aysternatleally on paper graph record, Ord fa unison, then individually.
the sounds that you hear on the records or that your You will And that th4 practice material is presented In sec-
Guide will probably say. Remember however, that tions on the phonograph record with a narrow space pf ;Ivo
they are only aids to listening. The listening itself is record litween each section. This arrangement will maicet
possible or you to play each section of practice as it is needed,
Mill the most important thing: the printed material is
just a reminder. PRONUNCIATION PRACTICES
Use the same procedure with the following practices
Tones that you did with the Basic Sentences from which the
You will notice that in Burmese the inflection of the were selected. Go through them threeilmes, twice With
voice determines the meaning of what is said. English the book open and onc,. with the book Closed, Try "to
is like that, We can say cold? or it's cold! The only get a clear impression of the sound and try. to maki
difference between the two expressions is the rise at your pronunciation as much like that of the Guide or
the end of the question and the fall at the end of the phonograph record as you can.' _

exclamation. In these examples the rise or fall comes at Words which are spoken in a low tone of voice whkh_
the end of the sentence; in Burmese each syllable has sometimes rises gently toward the end are marked with
its own melody or tone. This tone is part of the correct a sign
pronunciation of the Burmese syllable and must be re» Record 14, after let spiral.
peated and memorized as heard. To help remind you
of the difference in what you hear we have used marks PRAcrtes.
of identification as follows: `. Some of the words &Si Term of address to an older
have no rise or fall but are broken off very short; these woman,
are written with a sign P at the end. 4 Repeated on record
[1.AI
 hdu Term of address to a man Words which are spoken in a high tone of voice, are
your own age. very short, and end in a sharp ithroatcatchs are
Wats, Term of address to a younger marked with a sign Pi
man. Record 1131 after let spiral.
yei water
PRACTICE 4
Words which are spoken in a high tone of voice which chau2 six
sometimes fails toward the end are marked with a sign Woo 1 rupee
44 Notice that these syllables are louder than those in khunnP seven
Proaito I. bibe2 left side
Record 1A) after 2nd spiral. In normal rapid speech tho 'glottal catch' 0 at the
PRACtICE 2 end of syllables like those in Practice 4 is replaced by
fivee, fish another sound, That is
164u nin chau2 'six' clumundyi 'six o'clock.'
edun three beau? 'how much' belaulle how much.'
four
This will be described more fully in a later lesson. The
point to be noted here is that words like those In Prat.
Words which are spoken in a high tone of voice which tied 4 are marked by a final 2, or by the fact that two
falls rapidly at the end and ends in a 'throat-eatch' are consonants follow the vowel in the syllable.
marked with a sign Now go through the Useful Words and Phrases again
Record 1B, beginning. with your book open, following the same procedure as
before. Repeat each word and phrase, immediately after
PRACTICE 3 hearing it, in a loud, clear yoke. Let yourself go and say
olds when the phrases right out.
nwdnou cow's milk Go through the Useful Words and Phrases once more
pdummoun bread with your book open, but this time, take turns letting
straight each member of your group repeat individually until
11Aj
everybody has taken part. Keep on the alert. If the at leant twice in unison and at least once more individu
Guide asks you to repeat, do so with enthusiasm and ally?
try to mimic him as best you can until he is satisfied
with your pronunciation. When you have satisfied him, Did you repeat each word and phrase in a loud, clear
you can be sure that you are speaking understandable voice immediately after hearing it?
Burmese. Continue this individual repetition as long as Did you follow the pronunciation you heard even
time permits. If you are using only the phonograph when it was different from that shown in your book?
records, your Leader will see to it that you repeat and Did you keep in mind the meaning of each word and
that everyone gets the most out of this individual per. phrase as you heard and spoke the Burmese?
formance.
If you have failed at any point to carry out the in-
3. Check Yourself structions, go over the Useful Words and Phrases once
again as soon as you can, being careful to follow every
Did you go through the Useful Words and Phrases step in the procedure outlined.

SECTION B USEFUL WORDS AND PHRASES (Cont.)

Here are other useful words and phrases which you 1. Useful Words and Phrases (Cont.)
will want to use immediately if you are in a place where
people speak Burmese. Directions
In working with this material, follow the same pro. Record 1B, after 2nd spiral.
cedure that you used with the Useful Words and
Phrases in Section A. After you have gone through the right side nydbe2
list once, repeating in unison, read the following Com- turn, please hlebd
ment on the Aids to Listening. Run through the Pronto: Turn right, please. nyabeP hlebd
ciation Practices. Then go through the list a second and left side bibe2
a third time, as in Section A. Turn left, please. hlebd
 on (the] right side nydbephmd calls (is called) khetiale
exists Bide What is this called in Bur. ddgdu bamdklu bd khettale
There's (one] on the right. nydbephmd aide mese?
There's (one] on the left, bebephmd gide
Eating
straight ahead ade
go, please Owtibd cooked rice Windt:
Go straight ahead, please. te,de Owdbc1 eats sdde
here dihmd
wants to eat sdjinde
(I] want to eat (a meal). tharnin sdjindi
It's here. dihmd Bide
bread pdurnmbutt
Please point. Oyabd butter theb0
this dd salt shd
what? bdlk fruit NOM
What's this? dd belle oiugar Baa
egg (hen's) cen4
what bd vegetables hintt hirtytveP
want? MujinVate
What [do you] want? bd tesdinVale Record 2A, beginning.
cigarette stgard curry hin
wants ldujinde fish
II] want cigarette(s] stgare? Mujinde beef Yadmegel
match miji2 pork weeed
fish curry vdhtn
Do (you] want matchtesl? 1614finVald
beef curry Pame6dhln
not want maldujimba pork curry tee06dhfn
(I] don't want matches. 'Ali? maid:0mM [I] want to eat pork curry, weeedhin sdfinde
this ddgdu water
Burmese fashion bamdlou drinks eautte
8 (1-13)
 wants to drink eaucchinde movie youlltmeat
111 want (to drink) [some] yet Oaucchinde when bedd
water. will show? pydinale
soup hinjou When does the movie begin? youllimbtve bide pydmdle
coffee kdphi *hat time be achein
tea lapheyyei will go out? thtvemmale
(cow's) milk nwdnou When does the train leave? tntyallal be Pachein
beer biyd thwem male

Price Numbers
One
How much (is it, does it belaulle two
cost)? httiO
three OOun
How much (do you) want? 61140 four Ui
How much is this (thing)? dd belaulle five
One pice. tabyd six Ch4u
One anna, tabs seven kliflutaP
One rupee. 1410 eight
nine kol4
Time ten lathe
eleven she
how many hours behnandyt twelve she hnP
exists already? Two and two are four. hniune huP Mut: lei
What time is it? behnandyi Abaft
Four and five are nine. Mine vd Mau kdu
four lei
exists already fibf After you have one through these Useful Words and
It's four o'clock. leirulyt Phrases once, read the following:
(14) 9
 2. Hints on Pronunciation (CM.) i match like the l in police
To the Croup Leaders Polio; the same procedure as for the Hints on
mIJIP match like the i in pit
Pronunciation of Section A. Have the group read and discuss
Mn curry like the l in gin
the explanations, and then go through the Practices with the o a aunt like the o in for
Guide or phonograph record. u 24 uncle like the u In rude
As you have already noticed, Burmese has some khtittni2 seven like the u in put
sounds that are like the ones we use in English. There el 1$i four like the el in veil
are also sounds that are almost like our English ones, htchein time
but still not quite the same, Finally, there are a few ou hOu nine like the ou In soul
sounds that are totally different from anything we have Odun three
In English, (1st spiralit
If you want to speak understandable Burmese, you iti sitamitteciirs restaurant like the al in aisle
will of course have to learn to say these last two kinds
of sounds. The only way to learn them is to listen to the au chau2 six like the ou In out or
way your Guide (r the speaker on the records) says mdun Mr. the min down
them, and to imitate him as well as you can. To help
, you imitate him we shall give you a few Hints on Pro- Warning: (1) In imitating the Guide's pronunciation of
nunciation. These will cover, in small doses, the sounds the above don't fail to notice and mimic the rise or fall
that differ completely from those we use in English, as of his voice.
well as the ones that differ only a little, (2) Pay particular attention to the difference
We can begin with the vowels: in sound between the o and the ou,
(3) Pay particular attention to the difference
Record 2B, beginning. in sound between the e and the ei,
PRACTICE. Go through the Useful Words and Phrases once more
a vd five, fish like the a in father with your book open, but this time take turns letting
thatnfn cooked rice like the a in about, sofa each member of your group repeat individually until
e bObe2 left side like the e in bet Unnecessary.
10 (1-131
everybody has taken part. Keep on the alert. If the least twice in unison and at least once more ladividu-
Guide asks you to repeat, do so with enthusiasm and ally?
try to mimic him as best you can until he is satisfied Did you apply what you learned about the vowel
with your pronunciation. When you have satisfied him, sounds in Hints on Pronunciation?
you can he sure that you are speaking understandable
Burmese. Continue this individual repetition as long as Did you follow the pronunciation you heard even
time permits. If you are using only the phonograph when it was different from that shown in your book?
records, your Group Leader will see to it that you repeat Did you keep in mind the meaning of each word and
and that everyone gets the most out of this individual phrase as you heard and spoke the Burmese?
performance.
If you have failed at any point to carry out the in-
3. Check Yourself structions, go over the Useful Words and Phrases once
again as soon as you can being careful to follow every
Did you go through the Useful Words and Phrases at step in the procedure outlined.

SECTION CREVIEW OF MOM WORDS AND PHRASES

If your group has time for outside assignments, sec- if you can recall the meaning of each word and phrase.
tions marked Individual Study may be done between Check the expressions you are not sure about and after
meetings of the group. Otherwise use them as inde- you have gone through the whole list, uncover the Eng-
pendent study during a group meeting, lish and find their meaning. Repeat this procedure at
least three times or until you are satisfied that you
I. Covering the English (Individual Study) know every expression. Then do the following exercise t
Go back to the Useful Words and Phrases in Sections
A and B. Cover up the English. Read the Burmese 2. What Would You Say (Individual Study)
aloud. Keep your voice down if you are working with For each of the following situations, two or more
the rest of the group. Follow the Guide's pronunciation Burmese expressions are given. Read all the expressions
as nearly as you can remember, and test yourself to see aloud and pick out the one you think best fits the situa-
ilC1
lion. For example, you would pick (b) as the right S. You thank him:
choice for the first situation. After you have made your a, n4 maleb4
choice, make sure that you know the meaning of tha b. hntihnti pydbd
other expressions offered as possibilities and why they c, allot timbddi
would not fit as well as the one you picked out. At the
next meeting of the group, you will compare your 6. He asks what you want:
choices with those of other members of the group and a. bd id:din/ale
see how you come out. b. dd bat
1. You meet a Burman on the street and you say: c. mtjtv ldujinVal4
a. nutbdye 7. You say you want cigarettes:
b. mdyeld a. yeti $aucchinde
c. nel leeald b. stgar0 toujinde
c. »Alio male-141mM
2. He answers you:
8. You say you want to eat.
a. mdbdye
b. mdyeld a. thamtn sdfinde
c. nd lede b. blyd Oaucchinde
c. weeetihtn stifinde
3. You ask him where there is a restaurant:
9. You ask what time it Is:
a. !idle behmdle a. belati2 ldujitsaale
b. 2eipt64 behmdle b. be hnandyt Male
c. thamtnedirt behmdle c. youttimbwe bedb pyamate
4. He says there's one on the right I 10. He says it is four o'clock:
a. bebephmd Dde a. mtyathd be hechein thwemmale
b. nydbephmd tide b. hninne hni? pdun lei
c. tede etyttbd c. leinctys
12 [1C1
 SECTION D-- LISTENING IN
1, What Did You Say?
To the Group Leaden Read the English describing the situations in Section C.2. Skip around the group, calling On different students
to speak the Burmese which the situation calls for Encourage students to give the Burmese, if theycan, without reading
it from their books. The Guide will correct any student whose pronunciation or use of words is wrong. If there is no
Guide, the other members of the group will be prepared to criticize mistakes. In case of disagreement, you should consult
the back of the Guide's Manual.
Following this exercise, ask different members of the group to give the English equivalents of the different Burmese
expressions listed for each situation, Don't let them give word-forword translations, but encourage them to give the
English expressions which fit the situation.

Go back to the last exercise of the preceding section, have no Guide lift the needle of the phonograph at the end of
The Group Leader will ask different members of the each conversation and let the students discuss the meaning of
group the Burmese to be used in each of the situations any sentences that are not understood.
given. Other members of the group will criticize the Go through the conversations a second time without stop.
gigs!. Pay about equal attention to pronunciation and mean
chokes made if they do not happen to agree with them,
The Group Leader will also ask for the meaning of all Finally assign parts and have the students read the conver.
of the other expressions. Then go on to the following cations, Give every one a chance. Suggest that the actors
hearing exercise.. actually take the parts, stand up and move around, sit at a
table in the restaurant, stand behind the counter In the store,
etc. Keep it moving. Get everyone to speak up! Take a part
2. Listening In yourself.
To the Grout Leader: The conversations which appear In this Pea
tion will be read to the group by the Guide or played on the Keep your book closed white the Guide reads the
phonograph records. English equivalents are omitted from the following conversations and repeat after him in unison.
Lisietiong Itt material so that students can get practice in un If you have no Guide, you should use the phonograph
derstanding spoken Burmese which uses the vocabulary they
know. Meaning, therefore, Is to be emphasized. records, repeating the Burmese immediately after you
The first time you go through the conversations, have the hear it. At the end of each conversation take time out
Guide repeat a conversation, if necessary, to help clear up to check up on the meaning of what you have heard
meaning, before you go on to the next conversation. If you and said.
[1-1)) 13
 Ask someone in the group to give you the English mdun bd idujineall
equivalent of any expression you do not understand. If mdun sfgare? klujinde
necessary, go back to the Useful Words and Phrases to
find the moiling. Almost all the words and the expres mdun skin: dihnuf stgar0
sions you have had in Useful Words and Phrases occur mdun dd bdle
in the following conversations. mdun sans dci tnfliP
ldujintrald
1. Mr. Williams asks Mr. Thin, a Burman, for in- mdun
formation. Mujinde
belaulle
Record 2B, after 2nd spiral. mdun stirs: 041401byti
mdun toilydn: throntradin behmdM M44 sutra?: dihmd Ociumby4
mdun Ns: bibephmd ftdd nifyathd btlddyoutt behmdle
nydbephmdld
mdun bd ¢y4lale
nd tnaleba mdun Ms: mahoupph4
htteihnei pyobd bibePhmd P46
mdun thanstntdin bebephmd tide mdun samPr tntyaihd be 2achein thwetntnale
nd ik4aid edunn<fyild, ibindyfM
when MIAs: nd Ude mdun mahoupphd
cPiza timbdde veltayi thwemtne

2. In a restaurant Mr. Sein, the Burmese proprietor, 3. Mr. Williams orders a meal, pays for it, and asks
and Mr. Smith, an American, talk. about a movie. Mr. Khin is the waiter.
Record 2B, after 3rd spiral. Record 28, after 4th spiral.
mdun spin: mdyeld, khimbyd Indus khin: .bd Mn antale
mdun samP: mdhdye, khimbyd Wu*: totlydn: bd Mn
14 [1-1)]
mdun khln: ameedlifo, weOOdhts .fid6 Is there any expression in any of these conversations
tndun utflydn: huneedhtn sdjfpuld that you do not understand now? If there is, find the
tndun kdphi OallcchinVald
meaning of it or ask other members of yourzroup before
you proceed. If no one knotvs, refer to the Useful Words
mdun wUydn: Oaucchinde and Phrases.
mdun khin: dfhmd kdphl Go through the conversations once more following
Wan toilydn: Mount) the same plan as before. Imitate carefully and be bum
*dun khin: velbh
to keep in mind the English equivalent of everything
you are saying in Burmese.
tndun wtlydn: dihm4
Finally go through the conversations %Jain but this
indutt dihnut she tab) ceistI timUde time take turns. The Group Leader will assign parts
*dun wilydn: youllimbwe behmae and the exercise is to continue at lea.,:t until everyone
*dun kW: nydeephtnd has had a chance to speak one of the parts. Keep this
going as long as you have time. When your turn comes,
mdun wilydrtr bed4 ityantalst speaic clearly and with enthusiasm. Put yourself in the
tndutt khIn: littnayi situation and let yourself go. lithe Guide asks you to
repeat, do so until he is satisfied with your prontmcla-
mdun wflydn: timbddti tion.

SECTION E--REVIEW
1. Covering the Burmese (Individual Study)
Go back to the Useful Words and Phrases In Sections through the whole list, uncover the Burmese and review
A and B. Cover up the Burmese. Read the English them. Go through the list once more and continue for
silently and test yourself to see if you can speak Bur- at least three times or until you can give the Burmese
mese for each word and phrase. Check the expressions readily for all the expressions.- To make
m _sure of this,
you are uncertain about and after you have gone pick out expressions at random and see if you On spe41c
(1 -El Iif
out the Burmese quickly, Speak the Burmese aloud and occasionally by pointing to the student who I listen-
big to someone else's Burmese, and ask "What did
try to imitate your Guide's pronunciation as well as you he say?"
cAn remember it. When you have completed this in-
dividual study, the group will then proceed to the fol. If you do not observe these precautions, much time and effort
may be wasted In group meetings.
lowing exercise.

2. Vocabulary Check -Up

In order to fix in your mind the expressions you will
need in the conversations of the following section, check
To the Group Leader: Go to the Useful Words °Nei Phrases In Sec- yourself on your ability to speak the Burmese you have
tions A and B. Read to the group the English equivalent of learned. By now you should not have to grope for it.
the Burmese expressions. Cali on different students (not in The Group Leader will ask you to supply hi turn the
any fixed order) asking for the corrett Burmese for the Eng-
lish. The sti dents are to respond with their books closed. The Burmese expressions for the English equivalents which
Guide will i tdicate by a negative sign whenever he hears a he reads from the Useful Words and Phrases. If you have
Burmese expression that Is wrong, or, if there is no Guide, the done a thorough Job of recalling the Burmese when you
other members of the group will inJicate that they do not
agree. Immediately ask someone else to give the expression are looking only at the English equivalents, as sug.
correctly. Any group member who has difficulty in 2iving the gested in 1 of this section, you will have no difficulty in
correct Burmese should be told to review the Useful Words responding promptly and smoothly when you hear the
and Phrases thoroughly before the next meeting of the group. English. Your Guide will let you know if your Burmese
Do not spend any time talking about the why of the Burmese;
stick to the how. expressions are not correct. If you have no Guide, the
There ate two precautions which the Group Leader must members of the group should be ready to correct faulty
observe In all exercises of this sort and in the conversation expressions.
practice throughout the course. Be sure that everyone under-
stands them. They are as follows:
1. Every Burmese expression must be given smoothly
3. Simple Arithmetic in Burmese
and completely before the student's performance can Here are the numbers from one to twelve. Repeat
be considered satisfactory. If there is an errcr in the
first attempt, ask the student to tve the expression after your Guide, once with your book open, twice with
over again In complete form, e fumbles badly, your book closed.
turn to someone else. lei
2. Everyone must speak loud enough, so that all can
hear. Every student should be encouraged to call out h
"Louder, pleasel" if he can't hear. Check on this 0614,3 chau?
IS (1El
 khannil tashe On a sheet of paper, write out the figures for similar
gi2 she OP
kdu she hni? problems which do not add up to more than twelve.
Write, for example, 2 + 7 9. The Group Leader will
Here are some sample additions. Repeat after your then ask one of the members of the group to say his
Guide as above.
problem in Burmese, The person answering must not
a. :lune kdu bRaullt 1+9 0=1 be content to give the sum but must speak the whole
tinne kdu pdun tash4 1+9 ...10 problem. For example, if you have written as your
b. vine Odun pdun belaulle 5+3 problem the figures 2 + 7g. 9, you say: hninne khannP
vane @dun pdun 5+3 ...8
c. Rine khanuiP pdun bektulle 4+7 pdun belaullE? The one who answers must say: hntinne
Mine Manta? pdun she IP 4+7 ...11 khilunP pdun kdu, not just kb. Continue this exercise
hninne iashe pdun blictulle 2+10..? until everyone has had a chance both to ask and to
hninne tashe pdun she kW 2+10412 answer.

SECTION ItCONVERSATION
to the Croup Leader' This section represents the real purpose of the entire unit. The course is intended to teach
you to speak
Burmese and to understand it when you hear it spoken. Any members of the group who have special difficulty
recalling
the Burmese words and phrases they need to express a meaning should be told to do more work with the Useful
Words
and Phrases. They need, in particular, more practice in covering the Burmese and recalling it when they read
the Eng.
fish. Practice in getting the meaning of the Listening In records will also help. Arrangements should be made
to play and listen to the records whenever they can between meetings of the group. for students
Then turn to the outlined conversations which follow, Assign parts and ask the students
to act them out, Vary
the situations and suggest to the students that they vary the Burmese slightly as they gain confidence in listening and
trying to understand the Burmese that Is being spoken.
 In this section you are going to have your first chance 2. B gives A directions:
to engage in conversation in Burmese, This is the most to the right
useful part of the entire unit, The Group Leader will b to the left, or
assign parts and will ask you to take turns in pairs, c straight ahead.
carrying on the following conversations. The two per-
Sons who are talking together should stand up and act 3. A explains that he does not understand, and
out their rts, speaking as smoothly and naturally as asks B if he will please speak slowly.
meable. Make it real and get some fun out of it, The 4. B repeats slowly and clearly and asks A if he
Guide will help you if your Burmese is wrong or if your understands.
pronunciation is bad, The Group Leader will prompt S. A says that he does understand and thanks B.
you if you are not sure what comes next in your part. 6, A again thanks B.
Throw yourself into these conversations, Do the best
you can with pronunciation and with the Burmese, but 2. At a Restaurant
don't worry too much about mistakes. Think marl) of C sits down at a table in a restaurant and is waited
acting your part and speaking smoothly and as though on by D.
you mean what you are saying. If there is a Guide, he
will help you correct your errors. If you can do this 1. D asks how C is.
work well, it means that you are actually conversing in 2. C says he is well, and asks after D's health.
Burmese, and that is your chief aim in this course. 3. D is also well and asks what C would like.
4. C orders a mealwhatever he would like.
1. Asking Directions 5. After eating, C asks how much it is.
6. D tells C that it Is.
A approaches a stranger, B, and asks him for informa- 7. C pays, saying here it is.
tion.
8. D thanks C.
1. A speaks to B and asks him where there is
a restaurant
Finder List
b a railroad station, or This is a complete alphabetical list of all the words
c a hotel. and expressions used in this unit. It is for reference only,
18 [ 1F]
-brit yOU should know all of these before going on to the hfrsj6se sou p
nett unit, hltbd turn, please
tatts$64 htseihnti slowly
faiiietlata f curry kW (k) two
hdte hotel
kfttidtdo Burmese fashion houkke it Is so
what makoupph4 It is not so
what? katakty4)
rah4its what time excuse me
00 left side kd coffee
pheokt on the left side kkimbAiyd sir, ma'am
0 when khdeale is called
lhoulla where kh ni2 (khanna.) seven
bib windy( how many hours term of address to a man
bElaulla how much slightly older than
beer speaker; older brother
: boMdychis station hos nine .

4instoddif thank you fettheyyU tea

csix hicken's egg four
fr:!? Mindy( four o'clock
chautindyi six o'clock logfinde wants, is Wanted
IdujitsOal0 wants? Is wanted?
this (thing) tnaldujinsba does not want, is not ,

ti"
d ttsd here ('in this') ma
wanted
term of address, to "a y_oung
term of address to an older
Woman; Aunt weniare fsister -
mdbdye I'm fine
4ntid toilet mahoupplot it 34 not so
htt$' curry maidujimb4 4oes not want
Moset hiti-yoet vegetables WA{ Are you well
tndun term of address to a young exists?
Man; younger brother aidela exists
ingio match eight
tnlyaihd railroad train ksbb One plce
ndyt hour taby4 one anna
nd I understand one rupee
nd Wald do you understand? tas4 he ten
nd I don't understand t?.(1 straight, straight ahead
tiwdnon cow's milk thamtn cooked rice
nyetbe9 right side thanstnedin restaurant
nydbephmd on the right side thdba9 butter
fish, five thwemme will leave
Vd thtvemmale will leave?
five pice
vdhtn fish curry ti? (ta-) one
vdndyi five o'clock Oautte drinks
Numm dun bread eaucehindef wants to drink
pydbd show, please Met fruit
pyamale will show? °dun three
pylibd speak, please Odumbyd three annas
PydValt says? is said? dunnelyt
OOwelbd three o'clock
go, please
selde eats
seljinde wants to eat 24 term of address to older
sdmale will eat? man; uncle
she hni2 (she hna.) twelve
she ti? (she to -) eleven wend pork
stgare9 cigarette we$Odhtn pork curry
Abt exists already Ya water
Itbale exists already? youlatmina movie
20 I 1-1?)
 UNIT
MEETING PEOPLE
SECTION ABASIC SENTENCES
to t7,. Group Leaders Adopt the following steps as standard practice in conducting this courses
t. Before each meeting of the group, be sure to read carefully and get clearly in mind the instructions covering
those sections of a unit which you expect to take up in the group meeting.
2. Before each group meeting, see that the Guide is available with his Guide's Manua) or that phonograph
and records are ready.
3. Have the members of the group read together the instructions that precede each piece of work they are to
do before they begin it. Let one member of the group read these instructions aloud while the others follow
the reading in their books.
4. Take time, following the reading of all instructions, to make sure that everyone understands exactly what
he is to do.

In Section A of Unit 2 follow the same procedure as as may be necessary to get a pronunciation that sounds
that outlined for Useful Words and Phrases of Section A to him like Burmese.
in Unit I. Go through the Basic Sentewes once with Be sure to keep in mind the meaning of the Burmese.
everyone repeating in unison after the Guide or phono- As you listen to the Burmese, keep your eye on the Aids
graph record. Then take up the Hints on Pronunciation to Listening, This will help you imitate accurately the
which follow. Come back to the Basic Sentences and go sounds you are hearing. Repeat each word and phrase
through them once more, with repetitions in unison loudly and clearly right after you hear it,
after the Guide. Pay particular attention to those items The Basic Sentences are set up as conversations so
of pronunciation you have been working on, Finally, go that you may hear and speak the I3urmese as you would
through the Basic Sentences a third time with individual hear and speak it if you were talking with Burmese
repetition, The Guide will call for as many repetitions people.
12-Al
 Although numerous characters are introduced in AMERICAN
these Basic Sentences, It is not important for you to try Mr. Williams mdun witydn
to keep in mind Just who they are or their relationship His name is Mr. Williams. Oh ncitne mdutt totlydn
to one another. You are concerned rather with what
they say and how they say it. khimbyel
rig (Mg 6u
don't (you) know? ma011414
1. Basic Sentences Don't you icnow him? khOnbyti Oht6u tna011,414
An American meets a Burman on the street and talks
to him. BURMAN
BURMAN knOws Oldd
Yes, I know him. 01de
Record 3A, beginning. Pone iyIkds
American
--MOM 14UIVAf Inks AIDS to LIMNING ---. sailor Otmb666
that h6u He's an American sailor. vameiylluin Ofmb
person 14
they 04(lOu
who? balite Who are they? Oadbu bac14141
Who's that (person)? hdu id bad:11e

AMERICAN AMERICAN
he 04 they also 9efdbuit
I or my co0 They're my friends, too. OtklOule couP Save*
friend Oavifin soldier si$0d
He's my friend. 04 cou? Oavijits They're American soldiers. Oild6u2anseiyIkcin si00e1
BURMAN
BURMAN
his 0i
name ndme you (pi.) khfmbytklou
What's his name? 01 ndme ba1414 whereto b4g6u

22 (2-A'
 will go? Owdmale BURMAN
Where are you (pl.) going? Ichimbyddau big&
6w4tnali are you a native of a pyii6did
country?
AMERICAN Are you an American? khimbyel hitneiyiluitt
tomorrow net)PhYlVg4
we couttau
Chinese AMERICAN
tayou,
to a country pyileu Yes. (It is so.) houkke
Tomorrow we're going to ttePpitAng4 coutau *out native of a country pyiiiid
China. pytigou Oweittsd it is not so tnahoupph4
My friend's not an Amer- couo Onvijin P,amilyikdo
AMERICAN ican. pyfied malsoupph4
Record 313, beginning. English Plogaler
yesterday tntineiga He's an Englishman. 04, etvgalei 0)404
India Pittdiy4 London ldnddu
from a country from the city
comes (came) myouga
Wite" He comes from London, kittan mybuga 1446
Yesterday they came from tputneie 044u ?4ndIyd
India. pyitg4 kide BURMAN
BURMAN native of a city tnydit(14
Why dfganti What city do you come khimbyti bd tnyot4t214
Where are you going today? &mei begdu Owdsnalt from?
New York ny4 youP
AMERICAN From New York? tty4 you? myk0S4
to nowhere bigduma
does not go mafttibil AMER ICAN
We're not going anywhere. begdutna makolit42 No It Is not 80.1 M40141,144
 ifkkagoti BURMAN
Chicago
I'm a native of Chicago. coup likktlgou mybutel Very well, sir. kriumbdbl, khimbyet
Burma, Burmese Good-bye. Otvel4
Are you a Burman? yttlbattald
khimbbad
Before you go through the Basic Sentences a second
BURMAN time, study the following:
Yes, I'm a 13urman. coup ban:4
Rangoon YOU Otis 2. Hints on Pronunciation
I'm from Rangoon. coup ydvg6:404
Vowels: In Unit 1 we gave examples of the different
AMERICAN vowel sounds and tones of Burmese. The examples
given in this unit will help you to learn these sounds and
Record 4A, beginning. to distinguish the tones. Notice that the syllables
Pakh4 written with the signs " are higher in pitch and usually
now louder. Notice that the sounds marked with the sign
in a city mybubtnct
neilate are also shorter than the others.
do (you) live?
What city do you live in Pakh4 be tnybulondseitaii Record 4A, after 1st spiral.
now?
PRACTICE 1
BURMAN sir
a hhimbyd.
Mandalay tnthulatei khimbyt1 you
lives nlidC Pya point, show
I live in Mandalay, mtinclatei mybuhmci aide
Record 4A, after 2nd spiral.
AMERICAN PRACTICE 2
there hOulond I n.lyt hour
There's my friend. Mu ;mid coup (lave* 6100 fruit
Ouvid dna cl. looki
I have to go now.
24 (2-Al
Retord 4A, after 3rd spiral. t3o through the preceding examples pronouncing
PlIACIICE 3 loudly and clearly. Imitate the rise or fail of the Guide's
U he
voice as he says them. Do not hesitate to ask your
Guide to say for you the words that give you difficulty.
2(1 uncle, Mr. Imitate him as closely as you can and keep it up until
24 egg he is satisfied. Don't fail to notice that the voice is
Record 4A, after 4th spiral. higher on the syllables written with the signs "
PRAcricE 4 You will have noticed that some of the words that
6 tultne name you have met are written with a sign 2. This 'throat.
. what? catch is heard sometimes in English when people say
Ode straight ahead uh-uh meaning 'no'. It is also present sometimes at
the end of yeh and no when they are cut off short.
Record 4A, after 5th spiral. Listen to the Guide say these words.
PRACTIcE 5
Record 4A, after 8th spiral.
o dd aunt, Mrs., Miss
Of mb6 ship PRACTICE 8
Ow Ida goodbye 24, uncle Mr.
Record 4A, after 6th spiral. 2amaylkdn American
2iintd toilet
PRAcTIcE 6 060A, . India
England
el 2tvgalei2'
myd lei Mandalay Record 4A, after 9th spiral.
&genii today
PRACTICE 9
Record 4A, after 7th spiral.
ce? chicken
PRAorice 1 ce224 chicken'a egg
ou that leaf
nine te lef side
myOu city toad . ...... , rig t side
(2Al 25
 Chan? six to repeat the words and phrases with which you are
tap a rupee having trolible, and try to improve your pronunciation.
eight Remember that these notes are only approximate and
cola 1, mine are at best an imperfect description of the sounds,
tayou? Chinese When you are satisfied that you can pronounce fairly
well all the sounds, go through the Basic Sentences once
A good many of the consonant sounds of Burmese more In unison and with your book open. As you repeat
are enough like English ones so that you will have little after your Guide, keep your eyes on the Aids to Listen.
trouble with them. Listen to the Guide's pronunciation ing and note in particular the examples of the sounds
of the following examples: discussed. Do not hesitate to ask your Guide to reivat
Record 4B, beginning. if you are uncertain about any sound.
Finally go through the Basic. Sentences again, this
PRACTICE 10 time taking turns. Keep your book closed, listen care
bd fully to your Guide, and make sure that your pronun
dd ciation satisfies him.
pyeiga
rajal 3. Cheek Yourself
thamtnedin
hdu Did you fgo through the Basic Sentences at least twice
Ude with your book open and then at least once more with
m mdun your book closed?
neide Did you repeat each word and phrase immediately
after hearing it In a loud, clear voice?
°dun Did you follow the pronunciation you heard even if
Pameld It seemed different from that shown in your book?
w we? Did you keep in mind the meaning of each word and
Yei phrase as you heard and spoke the Burmese?
If your Guide asked you to repeat, did you do so
If you are uncertain about any of the points of pro. with enthusiasm and as many times as necessary until
nunciation which have been discussed, ask your Guide he was satisfied with what you were saying?
26 (2A1
 SECTION B --WORD STUDY
I. Word Study (Individual Study) 04 Partteiytk4n He [is American,
04 barnd He [is Burmese.
If_your group has time for outside assignments, do Odd& PlvgakiP pyiitt4
the Word Study between meetings of the group. Other- They are] natives of Eng-
wise make it independent study in the group meeting. lan .
thldbuPameiyllan pyiied They [are] natives of Amer-
In this section we take up some of the expressions Ica.
you have just learned and examine them to see how the 04 bond pyii64 He (is a] native of Burma.
language is built, First read the words and expressions
in each list and make sure that you understand the
&
04 lay& He is al native of China.
hduhrnd cosi? eavifin There (is] my friend.
meaning of the Burmese, Then read the comment which
follows each list, This should make clear to you just Notice that Burmese speakers do not use a word
how the words function and how they are put together. where English speakers say am, is, are.
If there are any points that are not clear to you, make
note of them and ask other members of the group about The English articles a and the are also not represented
them. Follow the same procedure with each list and in Burmese,
each comment. In most cases there is no difference in Burmese where
English makes a distinction between singular and
A. am, is, are; a, the; singular and plural plural,
couP si064 I (am a] soldier. B. Questions
elmb664 He (is a] sailor. mdyeld
Ottitu Pattleiytkdn si004
How are you?
They [are] American sol- Ursa Do (you] understand?
diers. ny4 yauP tnybutielld Are you a] New Yorker?
couP mdun wtlydn I [am) Mr. Williams. khintbyd PatneiyIkdn
014 ndsE mdun wilydn [Are] you (a] native of
His name [is) Mr. Williams. pyitttild America?
84 colt? °ay/fin He (is] my friend, mrii? MujitleaM
Maple coup Oavelin (Do you) want matches?
They too [are) my friendisj, kMmbyd 0kg4ts maib4k1 Donl,t you know him?
04 PlvgaleiP He [is] English. d4 &tit Whatrs) that?
(2-11) 27
dd bektulle HOW much tisj the' person. As you have seen, these words are -,ot used as
thandttedin behtndle Where Us there a) restau much as their corresponding forms In Engl:sh.
rant? Do not confuse 14himbyd'air' and khfmbyd 'you', or
khfmbyd be tnybutidle Of what city (are) you a 04 'he' and OA 'his .
native?
name badale Whatt's] his name? 2. Coveting English and Burmese of Word Study
be httandyi Itbale What time is it? (Individual Study)
Mau? lottittoVale How much (do you) want?
bdidultnOale What (do you) want? Read aloud several times the examples given you in
begdu Owdmale Where will [you] go? the Word Study. Then cover the English and see if you
know the meaning of every item, Repeat the operation
The preceding examples are all questions. Notice that until you are sure that you know every expression. As
in each case there is a ld or le at the end. These act like a final test, cover the Burmese and see if you can speak
'spoken question marks.' When to is used there is always out the Burmese expressions by simply looking at the
a word like M, be, or Itadd in the sentence. Be sure that English. Skip about and test yourself thoroughly,
when you speak the sentences your voice does not rise
at the end the way it does in English. In Burmese the 3. Review of Basic Sentences
voice falls at the end of a question.
Review the first half of the Basic Sentences with your
C. I, you, he, we, they Guide or phonograph record. Go through them as -nany
cost? couttau we times as you can, taking turns repeating the Burmese
khimbyd you khinsbyddou you (plural) Individually. Try it with books closed and see how you
04 he 04d6u they get along without the help of the Aids to Listening.
Always keep in mind the meaning of the Burmese you
These are the commonest ways of saying I. you, are hearing and speaking. As you go through the Basic
he, and so on. You will also hear alma in place of cou2. Sentences be on the lookout for examples of the points
This Is used when the speaker is talking to an older In Word Study you have just covered,

28 (2-11]
 SECTION C-- REVIEW OF BASIC SENTENCES
I. Review of Basic Sentences (Cont.) of them out loud and pick out the one that fits the
Review the second half of the Basic Sentences with situation. Be sure you know why the other chokes are
your Guide or the phonograph record. For the detailed not suitable. At the next meeting of the group you will
procedure to be followed read again the instructions be asked to say what you have chosen, and you will
for the review of the first half of the Basic Sentences. have a chance to test your answers. Do not write any»
thing down.
2. Covering the English of Basic Sentences 1. One day you are out for a walk. You meet a
(Individual Study) Burman about your own age, and you say:
Here is your chance it, find out just how well you a. mdtglye
have learned the mean. 'g of the Burmese expressions b. mdyeld
you have had up to this point. Go back to the Basic c. khimbyti hontiyikan pyttiVald
Sentences in Section A and cover the English. Read the 2. The Burman answers:
Burmese aloud and see whether you can supply the
English equivalents of the words and phrases. Mark a. tndbdye, khinsbyd
those you are not sure about and after reading the list b. mdynd, Ithimbyd
through, uncover the English and look up their mean- o. ceie4 timbd44
ing. Cover the English again and repeat the procedure
until you can go through the entire list giving all the 3. You introduce yourself:
meanings without difficulty. a. thansin stijinde
b. coup ndtnt mdun trilydn
3. What Would You Say? (Individual Study) c. O1 time mdun tailydn
For each of the following situations, three Burmese 4. The Burman asks where you are from:
sentences are given. All three of the sentences make a. khimbyt1 64 tnybuV41$
perfectly good sense and are written in correct Burmese, lo. 64 ncitne badtile
but only one of them fits the situation. Read all three c. benntile
(2Ci 29
 S. You tell him: 8. tie asks if they are New Yorkers:
a. hduhmd couP °civet:* a, Pameiyadtt tyeithikt
b. out likkthou m bind b. nil yats? my0140414
bigduma uta c. 0404 ma01b414
6, He asks about your friends: 9. You say they are from Chicago:
. 044u bow a, 04dbu PameiyIledn pytied
b. tsiji2 140,10414 b. ihkiou likkdgdu myOued
c. dd c. erkleu PlygaloP pyad
7. You tell him that they are American soldiers: 10. He says thank you:
a. 04 Pamiiyiluin Otmbdtld a. nd tide
b. 04460 reuo Oavifin b, hniihisbt py
c. 04dOu Pameiyik4ts si004 c. etis4 llmbddd

SECTION D LISTENING IN
I. What Did You Say?
Do the Grasp leader: Read the English describing the situations In What Would You Say? of Seaton C, and call on different
students, not in any fixed order, to speak the Burmese which the situation calls for. Encearage the students to give the
Burmese, if they can, vithout reading it from the Aids lo Listening In their books. Then ask different members of the
group to give the meaning in English of the different Burmese expressions listed for each situation.

Go back to the last exercise in the preceding section. choices made if they do not agree with them. The GrouP
The Leader will ask different members of the group to Leader will also ask for the English- equivalents of all
speak the Burmese to be used in each of the situations the tither expvessions offered as choices, taking turns
given. Other members o_ f the group will criticize the around the group. _

(z-bi
 2, Word Study Cheek-UP assign parts and have the students read the conversations,'
ro 1J Group Leaderr As a check on the students' understanding of Get them to do a iittle acting if you can. Encourage them to
speak loudly and clearly, and to get luta the spirit of the sit.
the Word Srady, read the English equivalent of the Burmese uatlon.
expressionsopen before each comment. Call on different
ettidents, n in any fixed order, to give the correct Burmese
IOC the Engl Keep your book closed while the Guide reads the
The Guide will whenever he hears a Burmese ex..
ion that is wrong. If there is no Guide, the other members following conversation and repeat after hint In unison.
bf the group will signa that they do not agree. immediately If you have no Guide, you should use the phonograph
ask someone else to give the right answer, My member of the records, repeating the Burmese immediately after you
group who has difficult- in giving the correct Burmese should
be told to review the Word Study thoroughly before the next hear it. At the end of each conversation take time out
meeting of the group. o not take time in this exercise to talk to check up on the meaning of any word or phrase about
about the why. Stick to the how. which you are in doubt. Ask some other member of the
group to give you the English equivalent or in case no
The Group Leader will ask different members of the one knows, go back to the Basic &stows of this unit
group to give the correct Burmese for the English and make sure' that you understand everything before
equivalents of the expressions you studied in the Word
Study. If you give the wrong answer, the Guide will let you proceed any further, Go through-the conversations
you know= or, if there is no Guide, the other members a second time, repeating after the Guide individtiaily.
-of the group will indicate that they think your answer Then take-parts iti the conversations. This exercise cohi
is Wrong. The Group Leader will then immediately call tains almost all the new- words you have learned in this
on someone else for the right answer. If you have unit.
difficulty in giving the correct Burmese, review the
,Word Study thoroughly. = 1. Mr. Williams nA,ets Mr. San Ala and theY
about where they come from..
3. List In
Record 4ill after let
Vo Ito Group r Re-read the note Do at Grolt0 in See.
tion D,2 of 1. Follow, the same promdUre outlined nays wilydrst
them The first time you go_through the tonversations, check -01(ty?A ,khirtsbid
On the meaning at the end of each conversatien, Then go tti4uti Mx mdbdy?. khitribid;
h of them a second time without stopping. Finally, khimloyd ,t tiyAdl 11004
(24e
Won toilydn: houkke mdun wilydn: diganei begduma makodb4
ny4 rid my0u0d nepphytvgd coultou Panteiy1k4n pyeigdu
coin 0avijin &may 1kdn pytild Owdmi
mahoupph4 manVgd Pipgalei? pyeig4 idde
04dau Ptvga le0 pyeitid mdun khmbyd ny4 yau? mybutldki
idnddn tnyauga
mdun wtlydn: mahoupph4
mdun sdn Ma: couP ydt;g4unVd cou? likkeigdu myautiti
takhh mdndalti inyouhmd midi
khitnbyddou bleu Otalmale mdun Bin: 04dbu baddle
mdun wilydn: diganai coutthu big6urna ma0tvelb4 mdun totlydn: 04d0ult cou? Oavein
nepphytvgd Pindlya p ei oweime
mdun Bin: 04dau PatneiyIkdn pyeiVdid
maneiga tayouP pyeig e
mdun sdn hi4: hduhmd bad410 mdun 4mily3kdn pylied mahoupph4
Mau 14you pyeild
WW1 wilydn: houhmd cou? Oavefin tayouo pytig4 hide
Indun sdn hid: 04 ameiyikds s1$0414 whin Bin: Oildou si0Beild
mdun wflydn: mahoupph4 mdun tollydn: mahoupph4
04 ?fugal& Oim661d 04dbu tayou2 Otmbded
Ohgetu ma00414 Mu id badale
mdun sdn hid: eta mdun Bin: cou? Oavejtn, 0i ndme mdun sdn kid
2. Mr. Thin meets Mr. Williams and some friends mdun Mond nkiOale
and they talk. mdun mdndalei tnybuhmd nade
Record 48, after 2nd spiral, mdun totlydn: kdumbat, OvAdattle
mdun khimbyddou diganai begdu Ouldmale Wan gin: hdumbat, Otodd4

32 [2-1)]
 SECTION E CONVERSATION
I. Covering the Burmese of Baste Sentences ho reads from the Basic Sentences. Figure out how to
(Individual Study) say the Burmese for each English phrase or sentence
whether it is your turn to speak or not. Only in this way,
Go back to the Basic Sentences of this unit. Cover up can you get the most value out of the CheckUp. If there
the Burmese, Read the English silently and test your- is much of the Burmese which you don't know, review
self to see how many words and phrases you can say in the Basic Sentences at the first opportunity outside of
Burmese. Check the words yell are uncertain about and the group meeting.
after you have gone through the whole list, uncover the
Burmese and review them, Go through the list once 3. Conversation
more and continue for at least three times or until you
can give the Burmese readily for all the expressions. To the Group Leader: Read the following directions with the class.
After going through the outlined conversations, encourage the
students to strike out for themselves. Spend all the time you
2. Vocabulary CheckUp can on free conversation practice in an effort to get to the
point where students can speak easily and smoothly with a
To the Group Leader: Go to the Basic Sentences. Read to the pup minimum of urns and ers,
the English equivaients of Burmese expressions. Call on
different students, not in any fixed order, asking for the cor-
rect Burmese for the English. This check-up is to be conducted The Group Leader will assign parts and will ask you
In the same way as the Vocabulary Check -Up of Section E.2 to reproduce the conversational situations which fol-
of Unit 1. If you have any question about the proper pro- low, Act your part. Don't be afraid to vary the conver-
cedure, review the note to To the Group Leader in that section,
Remember not to snd any time talking about the uhy of the sation if you are sure of your Burmese and use the
Burmese; stick to the how.
Burmese you have learned in Unit 1 as well as that of
Unit 2. Continued this practice until everyone can
Before you begin the conversation, check yourself on speak any part of the conversations even though slight
your ability to speak the Burmese you have learned up
to this point, As in the Vocabulary Check-Up of Unit changes in the situations are introduced.
the Group Leader will ask you to supply in turn the 1. A and B, who are strangers, meet and introduce
Burmese expressions for the English equivalents which themselves and tell where they are from.
12E] 33 ,
 2. A meets 13% a friend, and introduces a number of phrases you have learned in this unit. But do not waste
people to him or her, time attempting to say thin s not found in this unit.
Your possibilities are limit here, but as You, go on
When you can do these conversations rapidly and this manual, they w 11 become ever larger and
without hesitation, strike out for yourself and initiate yott soon will be able to talk at length about, many
a conversation. Try to use as many as possible of the different thimp.

SECTION PCONVERSATION (Cont.)

Continue the conversations of the preceding section. that

Muktut there (in that)
Finder List titfilyd India
etvgaleio England
This is a complete alphabetical list of all the words
and expressions used in this unit which are in any way kdumbdM very well
new or unusual. Prom now on we shall not repeat words kkitnbyt1 you
which have been drilled sufficiently in previous units. khimbyeklbse you (plural)
This list is for reference only, but you should know all 1444 comes, CAM
these before going on to the next unit. Idnan London
person
kmeiyikcits American
who ntoM41,4 doesn't 10°0
&RIO matf0weibil does not go_
bigou whereto Mandalay
to nowhere matttlatei _
bigoutn4 ttteneiga yesterday -

too mine mybuVel native of ti city

cot4114 we mybugd city (from)
diganN today my6uhtn4 city (in)
 name knows
n $ , lives
ntiffale Ives? doesn't
doesn't know?
Oftnbt$64 sailor
ne.PAPhifstd tomorrow
tir'm PO Igew York la
kii0d native of a country O4dbu they
isVellel native of a country? 04dbula they also
eig4 country (from) 04gou him
41g4ts country (to) 014)4(16 goodbye to person leaving)
s1004 soldier Otv4dbmi
Owdmaie will
likheigda Chloago Ow4nti will go
ki$4,0 Chinese 'nia011.4b4 doe. not go
Oaveits friend ydvgdun Rangoon
 UNIT
WHAT'S YOUR TRADE
SECTION ABASIC SENTENCES
thet Grout) Leader: Read carefully the note to the Group Leader in Section A of Unit 2, Then go through the Bask Sentences
ono, and take up the Hints on Pronunciation. Go through the Basic Sentences at least twice more individually, paying
especial attention to pronunciation,

Go through the Basic Sentences, in unison, in the work eatouP

same way you did for Section A of the preceding unit, is many myddi
Be sure to put plenty of life into your repetition of the (I've) got a lot to do. PalauPmyddi
sentences, After you have gone through the ,Basic Sen. your kliimbyd
Imes once in unison and have done the Hints on Pro. is many? mydttald
nunciation, come back to the Basic Sentences, Pay Are you busy? kitimbyd Palout myd#ald
particular attention to the points of pronunciation you very, or too @eiP
have just been working on and go through the sentences Is not many mantydbil
at least twice more individually. No, I'm not very busy. coup Palau? Otis ritottlydb4
1. Basic Sentences do [you do? lou0Oale
What work do you) do? bd PatouP tounal$
An American meets a B urman and they talk about In the post (Ace sddaiphmd
their work, does butte
Record $A, beginning. II] work In the post office. sddaiphtnd PalosAlotiite
-71ITIO1ITH IQUIVALI1NTg -, AIDS TO LIMNING clerk sayei
- Where are [you] going? be awdotalbule Pm a clerk. coup sayei
to work _ kloukk6u I also couile
and going to work. Paloulek6u °write I'm a clerk too, coulte sayei
36 13-A)
 In the bank bdndaiplima to the house
(1) work in the bank. bdtsdaiphmd lanai (I) get home at 4. Ititutyt Piivgdu pydtsdO
formerly (in past time) Payftn4
In the courthouse yolumbsd is good kdunde
rormerly (I) worked In Paytvga ydumlond ?alou?
That's all right. &Mu kdsinde
the courthouse. /ma friend meisshwei
from the courthouse What does your friend do? ishimOyd massiswei b4
(it) good? dun aM lounale
Was courthouse job yOuvgd ?alou? leduntfaM nothing
goodthe
?
is not good makdumbd
does not do
(He) doesn't do anything
mp
bdttsd
alou phd
?aka bdm 4 malouPi'M
(Milt) wasn't (good). maktiumbd now, (or, He does
Why (not?) bd Phyilloult nothing.)
morning mane? student
Ill went to work at a.m. mane? khlintsandyi 1-le used to be a student. ?ayingc) oa edutted
PakukkOU °soda In the future
.

afternoon 'n41410,'
school cdun
from work Palau teacher, doctor
returns pydnde will probably do, work
Re0ic1 Stf, begi#Ing. Some day (he] will probably teaukkdu'edsiti
(Ircatrie WI( freht *ark odisei vdnOilestoukka be a school, teacher. 1041eiMitti"
S_ pydnde z- , (roil
tashi6n four' (of People) :.,,
that'S-hO good. makduitiWil' `WhOttrethoSefoupeopte?: it4t4 err*
;
frehitheheute..
feayil the house at
thweiti= 30191.4v the ydieto wity104001
 dkl
pyPycild 2. its on Pronunciation
herrkpolicemett. 0$14Oti Record 6A, after let spiral.
*matt niffinnta PRACtICa 1
to one person layaukkou khimbyd
well Iduvelus kh k kluttotio
does not know ma03b4 104-
11 don't know the one mtittima tayaukkdu kOu
Woman well, ktiuvgdus mafotlia Record 6A, after 2nd spiral.
thinks, is of the opinion thistle PRACTICa 2
from the hospital shtiyouvga Monts
nurse shayditta th t thistle
Otki$
R 6A, beginning. too0
She is a nurse froni the coo, Mina, Olt shtiOuvga Record 6A, after 3rd spiral.
-hospital, I think. shaydmd
kat Puctice
has already arrived a het
My friend is here already, co0 eatiefitt kilrf ph p 14 htyyki
necessity of going etoloYd imittbun
4l have to go. ,6411.4sayd lid4 'Nun
ktiumbi Record 6A, after 4th spiral.
itit well
etalbd PaACTICa 4
bye, ('OO, please')
430
eh
-` Before you go through the Bask Sentences a second ce0
ctlsatZ
:One, study the followings
Oi [341
 Record 6A, after 8th spiral. The sound represented by eh is like the sound In
PRACTICH S English 'church spoken very forcefully, You should
she lit have no trouble with it. The sound represented by ,c Is
shN a little harder. It sounds like ty pronoun md close to, '`
sekle gether. As is the case of k, I, 0, there is no ptiff of :-
breath with this sound,
sh and s give more trouble but the difference between
shay
shayd
them is in principle the same. sh Is pronounced very
forcefully and with a very strong puff of breath accorn
pan in it. $ is much weaker and does not have strong,
Notice the difference in the first sounds of the above puff of breath with it. Do not confuse sh with f. is like
words. In those words where the first letter is followed the sound in English 'show.
by h, there is a strong puff of breath accompanying the It is very probable that your Guide, In pronouncing
first sound; Where there Is no h written, there is no puff words for you to mimic, will often profionnce them one'
`of breath. We have something like that in English. If way when he says them very slowly, and a little differ.'
you put your hand in front of your mouth, holding It end), when he says theln quite fast:Pon't Fie distOtbed,
about an Inch away, you can feel a puff of air when you for that is quite_ natural, Try to imitate him when
say a word like car. But when you say a word like sea speaks rather fasti_rather than when he is "on his gold
_

the puff of breath isn't there. The same is true of words behaviour because the faster way is the.way. pe6p
like par and spar, tar and star. The Burmese words that usually talk.
written with hare like first of these palraexcipt. Now go through *the Bate Setasttess.6,tiot itiOr0';
areare that the Off of breath is even, stronget than in dividually,- and with your_ book 'open. AS:y0Q:Ire
English. At first the sounds written k, t, po may sound after lue Guldei-keel):yoti eyes on the Aids' to
to you the g, Lb. They are not the same; tn an note in.pattientlarthez.einOtpleag the'io
-They ate much "sharpert!!.' You will soon learn to hear discussed.; Again 40--tio, Itesitikto:waskyOui-441
and make-the difference, If ybu practice: repeat if you oklloort4 qt-itb :fiboist-
Be careful to observe the writing of words which _ goAbt6ki h'tke:Nit ;tit
begin with t and 9.- thitt44,1thinks' be ins as described again-indivdtalyc Our lt 4011#e
It.b0t4;- But OW, 'teaches) lent nes be- ne With a Bound fullY.tO ybniOtipe at ake,S(fre,th4t srrogr 004
Ike one .English Mfrs.: tiara satisfies
 3. Check Yourself
Can you now distinguish and pronounce all the vowel tween kh and k, th and I, Ph and p th and c, sh and s?
sounds? If you have difficulty with any of these sounds, listen
Can you imitate the rise and fall of the Guide's voice to them carefully next time you hear your Guide and
as he says phrases and sentences? try to imitate them until he is satisfied with your pro.
Can you distinguish and make the distinction be.

SECTION B- -WORD STUDY

1. Word Study (Individual Study) nydnei dndyi Paloukka ill returned from work
pydnde Min
As in Section B.1 of Unit 2 read the words and ex. tndndatei my6uhmd neidg [He) lives Mandalay.
pressions in each list and make sure that you under.
stand the meaning of the Burmese. Then read the com- Notice that all these expressions end in the same
ments which follow each list. When you have finished sound. The last syllable is either -te or -de. Which it is
the Word Study ask other members of the group about depends on the sound that comes before it. If the pre-
the points which are not clear to you. ceding syllable is one that we mark with one of the signs
'4, the last syllable is -de; if the preceding syllable has
A. -td (-di) no such mark the syllable is 4. When we talk about
sddaiphmd Palau? butte [Ilwork in thepost office, such syllables we shall refer to them in the form which
Paytvgdydsonhmd Patou9 kutte Formerly II] worked at follows the unmarked syllables
the court-house. -ti at the end of a sentence tells you that a statement
modd neiga Oildou ?Indtyd pyeiga They came from India has been made. It does not tell you to what time the
l yesterday. statement refers. To knov, that you must have another
cot? Xinndyi Peivga etvdde I go from the house at 8. word in the sentence which tells you or you must know
mane? khtinnandyi Paloukkou I went to work at 7 A.M. from the situation in which the statement is made. For
Oweide instance the sentence sddaiphtnd Mau? butte might
leindyt 2eivgdu pydndg [1] return home at 4. mean either that someone works in the post office now
40 (3-111
 or used to work in the post office. We know from the b4 lou00a10 What does [he] do? What
conversation that the speaker meant that he now works did [he) do?
in the post office. In the sentence Pay 17g4 yOutplond Owdde Goes. Went,
_-, Oa lout towns the expression Paytvg4 'formerly' tells US
OwdeaM Goes? Went?
that the speaker Says the he Worked at the court-house.
Similarly the statement matteig4 filklbti Pin 41y4 tyeig4 begou Ottnitlate Where does, did (he) go?
ic144 cart be said to mean 'they mote from India yester. Mott Will come.
day' because of the presence of the word motaig4 'yes- 14m414 Will come?
terday'. The expressions dolde, pydndi, w4ide in the bega Will come from where?
above sentences can refer either to the present or the
pasich.
tt only the situation in which they are used tells you
wh .14 or 4 at the end of a sentence Indicates that a
question has been asked (see Unit 2, Section B),
B. 4 and .46 when -the), precede 44 or change to
PaloukkOu thodme [I] am going to work. -ea. or -Va.. When -me is followed by 44 or -PI it changes
OwddOm$ Goodbye (I must be go- to ritS-.
ing), Notice that where in English we say I, yoW,tisoithfy
miineppkin couttbu tayou? We are going to China to in Burmese there is often no correspondfng word. MOM ,
pyfi;du Owdme Morrow. May be translated into English as ;I work Work,' ki
tiotikkolt caun shod works, we work, they work; or-I worked, yofi looked, A.!-,
In the future [he] will be worked, we worked;
lettliiitntWO a school teacher. lootheAk It is PVsibigittlsi$1614,:-;'...
in Burmese, as yon -have teen( coin 104.1
-tn4 at the
end of a sentence tells you that aetatement
4414; 04 butte, coutibu 141414 00>kbY,004'kun m ---

;oldie. If theiltuation is not AMbiguouSilieshbfte our

refers to future time. is-used; ,_-,

14, -1$ For convenience,' man the"Pstkiet Lisb WO sbaliA

only one the possibilities ketitiOned In
[I-lel Work's, worked. ,
ParagraPhs,
=
quote ftitIt
Does [he] work? told [he)
worlc?;
fate it as Ntorks,,,words whit Alf 40 ed In
we shall _refer to as verbs. 7
tt
 Botore yol; go on to the next section, turn back to the the Burmese and see, if you can say each Burmese ex
400 and look for examples of the things that presslon when you are looking only at the English.
lust been explained to you,
ave KO
3. ttevie* Of Biale Sintenc00
C,oyering English and turmoil() of Word Study
'(Individual Study)
Review the first half of the ki,tic Sentence4. 'Repot
individually with books closed. Work'always to perfect
E you leave he Woe Study, cover the English your pronunciation; keep the meaning in mind; and
'alents
theforo in each list and make sure that you know observe examples of the points in Word Shay yott have
the Meaning of every Burmese expression. 'then cover just covered.

SECTION CREVIEW OF BASIC SENTENCES

, I. Review of Basic Sentences (Cont.) 3. What'Would You Say? {Individual Study)

Review the second half of the Basic Sentences. Follow In the following exercise you have certaluoituatiOnS
the procedure suggested above. presented for which you are td-thoose,the correet'ex
presilon in Burmese. Read the situation repeat' aloud
2. CoPering the English of Basic Sentences all the etatethents for each situation,atid then indleatO /-
(Individual StUdy) for the next claie meeting the answer which you consider
" Go back to' the 'Joie-Solewet in Settlen A, cover the most appropriate.- _

English nd test yourself by reading the Burmese

just as you did In Section C of the previous unit, If you .1. Mr, Williams meets a Burman on the street and
are ript sure about the meaning of any words or pphrases, says; ,

:WhetA YOU have ,finished reading 'the Basic -Sentences

loud, uncover, the English and look up their meaning. ce4i) ifinb0
01) this'.up until you know all'the meaningii come OtAlaitse _

etely. 0.:t0M4auie
($.-C)
2, The Burman says he is going to work: 6, He says he returns home at 4 P.M. 1
a, PalOukk414 Owdote litottlyi Piivg4 thwettef
b. begoutsid tgaStvitbil b. *g414,tydticie
e. nepPhylvg4 roultbu tayou? pyig4u Name o, houga ta itiyau? saddle
I. tie says he is hot busy:
3. the American asks the Burman what sort of a. 4i16u mak4i4mb4-
work he does: _ b. thiji? nial4ujitt164
a. 64 ?aloe? lou0Oale c. Palouo Oes0 irtati:34114
b. y6uvg4 24160 keitentfakl B. You ask what his friend does:
C. kbitnbya Pao tsydeald
a. youll-fibui4
b. khimbya massbtai 64 lou0Oale
4. The Burman says he works in the post office: c, kbitisbyldbu beds Oto4mcde
a. SO4aii)/$14 241042 kutte 9, He says that he does not knows
b. Pakki4 64tn4 ma10104
ntaelb4
C. b4ttdaiphm4 losstO b. Maktiuittba
t. thiskoupphii
-saYsrthat he goes to work at ? A.M. t
idt YOti bai;e=tofio't
teiistit '11
s- b. dtidyt difd-
'c-,:m400khkolias4y(?4,ou
, 144.
 SBOTION DLISTENINO IN
I. Whit Did You Sei31
'if Tsh Grotp Follow the same proc'edure as for Section D.1 of Unit 2 Call on different students (not jri any fixed order)
, to give t sir answers ti Burmese for the exerclse WU, Woad You 4y t In Setion C.3 of this unit. En rage them to
, give 010 atfstver$ ditettly and not froni_the books, if possible. 1' en check on the students knowledge of the Meaning lit
' Eriglish of the different expressions in Burmese.

Go back to last exercises in the preceding section. . , 3. Listening In

the Group Leader will call for your answers in Burmese r, Me 0'00 Lecuk-r1 r ollyw the earn° procedure as for Lisktift4,
for the exercises.- If you can, give the correct answers is In Section D.3 of nit 2. Check up on meaning at the end ..
without reading from the bolok,. Other members of the of tub conversation on the first time through' then, after the -..

sOcond time through, assign part* and have the students tea
will criticize the choice made, if they disagree. the conversations.
FL The Group Leader will then call for the English equiva- ,
,

'-'----' lents of all the expressions' in the exercises. Keep your book closed while the Guide reads the fol.,
lowing conversations, or while they are played on the
2. Word Study Check-Up- phonograph, and repeat the Burmese Immediately after- - '-
--.;,-1 2'. t Group : Follow the same procedure as for this part of hearing tt. At.the end of each conversation; check up on
Om D of nit 2, Call on various students for the correct' the meaning of any word or phrase about which you are
-' urnizm frit t a tnellish,quivalents of the expressions given
a the Word Study, Make sure . that all the students have In doubt, either, by asking sorne othei-Membsee, of tie
earned the material thoroughly. --- _,
group or by going back CO the Ptisk4'ents.oc#: If no *one
'-- _ :,

Go back to the Word Study, in Section B. The Group

;-_-:--,14ader, will ask different members of , the group to give -_ Go through the conversations again, with year books
'0 the correct Burmese for the English equivalents of the :open being sure to imitate carefully, and to 'keep*:
expressions- you went over in -the Word Study, Be surtt sl meaning of everything you iire_Sayine.:=then.,
:::, yOji oe able to give Alle_CorreCt. (Orin without haying_ illina the
f.:;,.-,,0 read it freni-the book, If you have any 'difficulty, re. take turns speaking the parts. the conversations
(',-----view the Word Study thoreughlyi. ,- . ,.:- -..- real. Say your part- aer_theugh meant: It.
- ,
44 7 13401
 1, Mr. Williams meets Mr. Thin on the street and mdun semi?: begduma maOwdb4
talks with him.
mdun Bin: eaucchintaid
Record 614 after 6th spiral.
mdun sami ?: ttidea ucchimb4
mdun tutlydn: mdyuld, kisimbyd laphoyei eaucchinde
mdun madye, khimbyd *dun On: kelumbi
?PNS witydn: khimbyd bamdld khimbyd ?amebikdts pyiltdid
tnduts Stn: houkke mdun sami ?: houkke
kMmbyt 9! vgaleilld coul nyd you? thybOd
mdun wtlydn: mahouppls4 khimby4 be tnydutielle
coup Panseiyikdts sieed mdun Stn: eau, ydvgountcd
cats? eavejits P3vgalt0 eimbded Pakhti tmendalei thyOuhmd nesVe
neppbytugd 04 Pindfyd pyeigdu Oughtle mdun wtlydn: be bnandyi Itbala
naukkdu Ptvgalei? heigdu °mime
mduts khimbyd begou Owdmale mdun sami ?: leindyi ;.£
Owdsayd hOold
mdun wflydts: coull$ Pincliya pytigh Otudme
naukkou 9atneiyadtt pyiigdu ewdthe taut: upilydn: Owdzoyd We, Owd4dme
mattega coutOsi tayouP pyeig4 ldde mdun kdumbdbi, Ouldbd

They come to et restaurant, 3. Mr, Williains'talka-to Mr, Seth Nyun aboutihelr-

= Record 031 begio Work and they meet Miss Than
»tdun stn: _ hdPhi eauccbineald Record tOi after ,10
&fund thotntnedin m4tEn wtlydn: big6i401v4matOilsOttsbj!d ;
*Un'trilydn: Poucchinde
kdis wits sykn: --;begoutif4 !'tioOte).414
houhmd couP Ociviitirmdun sami?
mduts satisiP, be Duldmaidule --014yivg444/0-)/4i44,4t4
kdu nytin: Payind ?aloe? Oa? makdumb4 kou sein ny4n: dihmd eau, meissInvei mdun WINN-
Sri Pamaylkdn pytiOd
mdun wllydn: bd phyillduit kyivgd di myoUlund Wide
eels nyhs: ?aytvga eau? matte2 khannandyi mantigd manddlei myout4 ldctl
Paloulthou Owdde ma Mn sag; beg4u Ourdmal4
nyanti veindyi odloukka Peivgdu
¢ydurle kou sein ny4n: nepphylvgd 2indiyA pyligdu Otodme
dildu Makiumbil Ana Odn saw Oittdiya pytihtnd bd gatou? toummati
mdun u4iydn:
behna hadt42 lou00410 *du sein nyAn: bdndaiphnui sayli &jou? loullamme
kdu San nyhn: Payttigd eau, pydid mdun wflydn: khlmbyd bdhmd Pakuo lou08a1a
ftitheti coulla Payivgd Oameiyikdn 1,yeihmd and Odn ydumlimd hilouP loutll
ildt4 mdun younthmd Pakuo ttly4Ma
pydtd ?aku? Del? makdumb4
cou0 klitogdun ma Odn Ms: faiouP Dal mydde
khimbyti houge meimmd Watt? OiVald mdun be htchein Paloukkdu OwdOcae
Wren skin nybn: kduvgdun ma Odn sein: motel kOundyi Woukk6U Ouida
04 sheiyOunshmd sayei PaiouP loutte nydnei leindyi Paloukkd pydndi
04 Palouo kdundi mdun dildu Oei? /Muncie
yaumlimd PaiouP del? mamydb4
and Mn skin, mdyild and Oan sein: houga 14 Odunyaukkdu Maki
mdbdA kdu sein ny4n mdun wiiydn: Oidel
 SECTION E-- CONVERSATION
1 Covering the Burmese of Basic Sentences the Group Leader calls on you. Give your answers in a
(individual Study) clear, loud voice, so that everyone can hear you.
just as you did in Section E of Unit 2, go back to the 3. Conversation
.Basic Sentences of this unit, cover up the Burmese and
teat yourself to see how many words and phrases you To the Group Leader: Follow the same procedure as for Section E,3
of Unit 2. Have the students converse, first following closely
can say in Burmese when you are looking only at the the model of the conversations outlined below and then chug
English, log the situations slightly.

2. Vocabulary Check-13p As you did in the Conversation in Section E.3 of Unit

To the Grout) Leader: As in Unit 2, go around the class calling on 2, first go through the conversations outlined below,
various students for the Burmese of the Basic Sentences, with taking turns. As soon as you can speak the parts
their books clotd, If any student does not answer in a reason- smoothly, pass to acting them out In front of the grotli);
able time, do not allow hemming and hawing; call on another keep this up until you can do it easily,
student. Make sure that every student speaks loud enough so
that all can bear. no not allow any mumbling. Any student 1. You meet a Burman and tell him who you are,
who cannot give satisfactory answers needs more review of where you have come from, where you are going. He
the Basic Sentences,
asks about your friends and you tell him,
As you did in Unit 2, supply the Burmese expressions 2. You discuss jobs with a Burman, telling hiM what
you are doing, what you used to do, He gives you the
for the English equivalents in the Basic Sentences, when same information about himself.
 SECTION ItCONVERSATION (Coat.)
Continue the conversations started in Section E. If kdunde Is good
ktiuneald is good?
necessary to make the conversations smoother and more well
kdupgdun
successfulatiview parts I. and 2 of Section E. makdumbd is not good
khfmbya your
Finder List comes (all eady)
idbi
This Finder List has all the new words and expressions used In 10440 four (of people))
this unit, These, as well as those of the previous two units, are louthf does, works
Words And expressions which by this time you should know quite loullblmma will probably do, work
Welt. ku0eate does? works?
malouppka does not do, work
04100 work
P410ukka work (from) mane, morning
aloukk6u work (to) ma01bd does not know
Payiuga formerly, in past time mtimmd woman
meisshwei friend
bdtnd nothing mydde is many
bdrulaiphmd* bank (in) mydtal$ is many?
bd why? mamydb4 is not many
cdun school naukk6u in the future
cduntd student nyanei afternoon
coula I also naukkdu in the future
dildu this fashion nyandi afternoon
?aye house (from) pydna returns
Pelt) gOu house (to) pydtd policeman

hdug4 there (front) sddraiphmd postoffice (in)

 14

clerk Oci? very, too

shoyd teacher, doctor ma.904 does not know
sAiydind nurse edun-youkhdu three people (to)
shtfyduvgd hospital (from) Oteltayd necessity of going
yr uced man
tayoukk6u one person (to) y,yurahntd
thinde court house (In)
thinks, is of the opinion Y6utig4 court house (from)
 PAWLS AND FRIENDS
SitOVON A--DASIO SENTENCES
croup Leaders rront this point on you will need special instructions only when new sections or procedttres are Introduced
let thelearnbig unite. With other sections, simply follow the procedures which have beeti recommended in the first three
unite and the instructions provided for the group at the beginning of the sections.

06throtigh the Basic Sentences In unison'. Then work rianit Offt

on the/ BO on Pronunciation and OW that go through Yee, td6
`,,thO ai4 _Sentences at least twice more individually. niduts, toily40
sons and daughters = 01
1, Usk Setitences. (family)
how Many (people) = x b An'ir;14?
Mr, Williams meets Mr, Thfn and they talk aboUt Ho* many sons and tfaugh. 8d Sam bd ntgi>-100 06'
their families. tete ate there?
Record 7A, beginning. Mittitt Ott
son(s) 04
sokininetetn$ '0 141iNINEI Aug. ter(s) Y , :04nit
Thererc three, eons an 94 ooutOtaiikei
tt_kit.,01PilY(1ts two daughters _
Atleg-Yote P#4,2
'- father PaPhei
pother- Pamn -014:10 brother
exists Yide army officer ,614

ivy91#_(ather and mother khintbya Paigi-ii 4,01 My bider brotherls,hp army ,'co14,0 20#614;
- itIli liyirte. -
_ fall , 'oftiCee
 wife trifinima Record 7B, beginning.
with the) parents millamyelne
toget er hatidd (language, word) speech
His wife Is now living with meimmd Pakh4 co0 four or five kinds Iii vdmyriu
my parents. tnIbatnytitte knows how to speak pyOdaile
Wide He knows how to speak four sagd It( vdmydu kduvgdun
younger brother o.. five languages well, pyddalie
nyi
age ?OW
thirteen she edun mdun wilydn
year hni? What languages does he bd sagd pyddaeOale
My younger brother's thir- eau? nyi ?age? she speak?
teen yeafs old. Ociunhni2 Itbt mdun bin
puts (places, leaves) ihelde Indian kald
He's in school, (''Whey have 04g6u caws:Ito:4 lluide Japanese bamddixfn
put him in school.) He speaks Burmese, Hindu- zagd, kaki sagd
mdun wtlydn stani, English, Japanese, PitigalsiP raga, idPdts
and Chinese, layou? zagd
older sister czma,
ddalle
Pysagdne
ma?ries (gets married) 2eittddun cddt
Is your older sister mar- khimbyd Pawl nitulduts mdun witycin
ried? cabald
Malay pall
mdun gin Doesn't he speak Malay? pail saga mapyodatkilstild
Yes, ?eindriutt eabi
husband lin mdun Stn
--- Her husband's Chinese. 9i lin tayou? Oydhstdittrie
occupation 2alouNkan He caisn4,3sVaoksravekry well. hduvgdsof mapydhndfmb4
Interpreter sagabydn a little nese
He's an interpreter. PalotWakciitt sagabydn He understands it a little. nen0 std !Mt
(4-A)
 mdun tollydn Record 8A, beginning:
younger sister nyim4 mdun efts
How old is your younger khimbya ttylm4 GOO with whom badlitAa
sster? bilout IibaM Who did you live with in klantbyd Pomeiyikdri
America? pyiihm4badlineniitica
mdurt eft
is little vedi mdun wilydn
= Is stilt little eel? venidi lived with my uncle. coup Pane Pattklamekli
'She's still very small. 84 OW verIeridd
have to go, now Pak1114 Oudsayd
She is five. v4hrtP libi stops (stands) youi
with [the] aunt Padone
Has the train stopped?, ottycnha yappald
She lives with her aunt. WOW Pattidd neide mdun Oft
brothers and sisters tsyNk6u Yes. yappi
mduohnama
How many brothers and khfmbyd nyVahlu mdun toilydn
sisters do you have? tndunlotamabihnayauP Let's gol eltfro4sou

not one (person) tayautnta BeforO you go ,threough the Basic SetiOftees 'a se,On
don't have any., tayounimd manes time, study the followingt
only one (perion) layaulibe
tpikts *Promihtlaticiti',
bears (brings up) tnivtide
m an only child, keyautth4mweide Record 8A, itter_ 10
dies(is dead) PRAortcp
has alradydied Owdbi fter fish, five
Yiy;rparents,are dead. cote? mlbamya O Owdbi -04de: ..... 1 small; 114,16_
 IS 11143114 sound at the end of the English 'sung', hod
tturntese it lure 4t the beginning of words. Notice
hat there is g sound as there Is in the English 'finger'i
Itia like the English 'singer'. Listen to the difference Record 8A, after 5th
%. between the following words!
PRACTICE 5
-, Record 8A, liter 264 spiral,
and
PitAcri,c4 2 nd
nd
g(11
Va
ne hmd
ode hnd
hvd
ketord 841; after 3rd spiral.
PaAartca 4
hn, /n, hi, and 6 represent the sounds of 0, In,/,
hmtkie and v combined with an h; sound.'- breath-starts
'coming out the nose betofe the following is til de, is
Now go thrOUgif the_.14tieqinipnc4 once rrtok
8411 tiiteiAth dividualiji .with book Olsen slid ;once i t i1 our`
took ciosoi
44119t 4,
hind _

na Ate you `takirig,ev ty. p po ityi440 pre

Buritfosi,141-41kipoittk 0**00-0-401,
-V or: witl ur mess s sea i4k people
 SECTION BWORD STUDY

I. Word Studs (Individual Study) houkke It is so.

mdyeld How are you?
Work through the following as recommended in the
previous units. -ye, -be, yel4 occur at the end of sentences and have
the same meaning roughly as -IC, eaM, and so on (see
A. -pi, (-14) Section B, Unit 3).
VIPP4 It) has (already) stopped.
stiridyi It) is four o'clock, D. Negative statements
0o4nhnio He) is three years old,
?fitIddlit$ cal4 He) is married. kulte does, works
maloui pph4 does not do, does not work
pi or (depending on the sound that precedes etvdd goes, went
them, see Unit 3, Section B) tells you that a statement will go
has been Made, and that the action or condition de- 01v4bi has already gorie
scribed in the statement is completed or has come to be, mallet:04 is not going, did not go, will
not go, has not gone.,
B. -Id, 44
4h4 (44) at the end of a statement Means that it is
Has (it) stopped? negative. The work to which it is attached is always
un cabaki
3rn4ti414 Is (he) married? preceded by ma There is only one form of the negiktive
be losatulyi heath What time is it? statement. The questions Weak! 'is he going,-did
the corn- thodmaid 'will he go ?,' Otvhba14 'has he gone?,' are
Notice that when -pt or 4f precedes -14 or all answered in the negative by maNtkiba;
bination is -014, -bail, oit.
C. -ke B. Negative Questions
I'm fine maOlb.414 Don't (you) kilo*
mdbdye Can't (he) speak?
katebdye Excuse me. ntopy4dapthelki

54 t4-131
 Notice that (or'.;13) at the end of a negative sen- Burmese expressions. Then cover the English ail make
tem* Means that it is a negative question, Compare the sure that you know the meaning of every Item. Einallyi
difference between Oltial4 'do (you) know? and
,
cover the Burmese and see if you can say each %Imes°
tx404444 'don't (you) know?' expression when you are looking only at the English,
2, Covering English and Burmese of Word Study 3. Review of Basic Sentences
(individual Study) With Guide or records, review the first half of the
Pasic Sentences for better pronunciation, meaning and
Review this Word Study by reading aloud all of the examples of points in the Word Study.

SECTION C-- REVIEW or BASSO Minna

1. Review of Basic Sentences (Cont.) 3. What Would You Say? (Individual Study)
Review the second half of the Basic Sentences, Read aloud each of the following and then-pick,
the expression you think moat suitable:
2. Coveting the English of the Basic Sentences
1, Maung Thin meets yoti on the
(Individual Study) -- a. be etigInfa ril3
Go back to the Basic Sentences in Section A; and read fokh
them aloud covering up the: English. Note any words or d,"8,tati
.
Lhhrases you are not sure about, when you bave
_

niched reading the Basic Sentenees,. uncover the Eng.; 20 You mower:
And look up' the meaning of what yeti did not got. a. ki)i(gaftstii(1,*.fibtr.'
Keep this up until you know all the meanings corn. ,b, ,taket4 sikbei4'
Pietely; okb egotiin4 inaelpdb0
3, tle asks about yotir parents: /, You say you have two older brothers and nit
hhistbyd ?OM Patna MUM older sister:
b. khimbya nyikkdu tndunknattia belmaya0 a, Pakeu htiayauf nying4 layat42 ft
44 b. fak6u httay4uP Paina tayaul ft
0. khimbyd Pamd Pilinddun cdbaki C. Pakdu tayau? Paola littayauo
4. You tell him they live in America: 8, You ask where his parents are:
a, Pamilylkdn pyeilond ttekli
b. Patneiyikcin pyeiga iddi a. kllimbyd mibattlyd baddle
c. Pameiyikdri kyeiget4 Nadi b. kkitsbyd nab4myd belondle'
c. kliimbyd mlbdmydne 90144 neitfalti
S. He asks what kind of work your older brother
does: 9. He says they are dead:
a. khimbyd Papha zagabydsld
b. khimbyd nytma 2eittddun cdbakl a, eii
c. kkimbyd Pak6u bd Pak*? lotiO9alt b. layatathe tnivekle
c. tayaummd tnaftbi
6. He asks how many brothers and sisters you
have: 10. He says that hi lives with his uncles
a, klsimbyd tsyValzeu mdunlittamd bb
htlayati? ;bale a, 24ne 1(14
b, khimbyd Peinddutt abald b. Noe Wide
c, khimby4 aagel bd hnatnyou pyddaeOala c. Pont Owdde
 Nicrilott 0.-itsviNiNO IN
6.,...,?,,,,Give
,..,_, ...,-,
14
.
Wind
.
Did you Bay? following the, 'sante-plan it's heferea-iinitating eatifu4
. .

k{:-, ,Y.4t atiVfete in. 40W:601ot:the last exercise and keeping In mind the meaning of everything you, say:
in t iv receding section, When the Group Leader calls Vinallyi take parts and carry' on the conversatioll.', '.'...
..,.,.
foti-the 1.,Do It Vilthotit,reatirig from the bpok. If pOS I. mr, willtams
... . ..

11114e,-... tneCtrietttherS of the group mil criticize your

,
needs -t Chilieseintirpretei 14.
and
'oleo If ikey diSatree With it. Then give the gr!glish looking for one, meets
bntobt an t, 0 0.41500016tfoi in-the eXereise-; a 411°11.4440 thinks he khC1/11
". . itioid 8A, after 6th spiral.-
2. Word Study Cheek-VP
,-. tdduls tfrilY40: katilhil
khimby `012 s": malliks4Ol4l.4
Give the correct Burmeèe for each Engliali'exPreOsieh P4 ,sin: -. . Ifesikk
0 the wotd,Swiy,1 without having to read it from the
"-k. if you cannot do this easily It means you deed kaiiimitsP kolittimindby 04$041.40414446'

-O_pitt In more work on the WorJ Siiuly. The. Group

*toe the English and call on different mein! kisksby4 Piettii0k o.:,fittfl:1:r, 7,
'OM gro:9(:.5i 010.-4..g1),,:_ WO 0100,ti ''- ,'::' -':',-
g4siti.,14;i00: 1 ,'Oit2., iaiabiitti 14:' Oki ' - .,
3. IstenIngin -,---, 1 / -' 1,-:--,°,100t.4,11t,t.F±Vp!i?"00 p`'>) !.#0
,3~
With your :1;4;4( closed, 1lstn.tothe following on
Os, Attfoo by'ili.f00(0,4'dk-110,rograi). ?ill, 3!4,--i:!-,,---:?-1-20f#4111,0,.°100:11741iI 4
t the Burmese lintnediatelYatteiheafing iv AO

itote'phe x',Y6t,
noneIitoiws
'4(ebiot-4Rueisi
by going back 0t013
through the conversations 404 with books open,
Z'
tjt7tols0titiOii of each .c0fiiP,O4110;;'IfoOk up ott
to big :Of:40410$, by
g:
4 -100 :6
r4.4!4:4(itt$.!(!
-',')04,!Jilt;$411.,(4.till.,0'' badd
-41111-:;41':'!''''''

.94 ñdrnê it0

 tndun way4s:, khimbyd Od Oamt aital4
uis **MI Mt_
$4 ?
014t/Vitos maOtb4
42?ohditt oagabydtild" mdun Olt,: OS httayauP eatst Odutsasa
tndun wityds: khttnbyd nyikkOli ittdutthitattid Maid
Ott 6Pentatig.'
tndun Misr hdi, coup ?4k60 mobydn
4 $41: ttiaisouPf44 04 My& sagd kdkogdus pyddatie
dd bdndaiphmd sayti toloui loupe fayivgd 40°0 pyiihmd neidi
04 2a hit tagatlats 400 *IA 400 shO 0OUtthnio
odit$ Otnottnyou
Pivgakirtagd, kootO sagdo bamd
.
toe Otl- Mut:V(4
Maid
Wan toily4n: khitisbyd
*mit tol4ydsti. kaki saki makeidapph414
?awl mah64
,

tndun
t4 saw coif? ma0Ib4 nyttnd httayau2 fkU
46uhind kdu iiittii4 tayau2 ahmihm4 #4,44
coo? 04gdu khonte , loya0 vietkle°
Oavefinsmayeld tak44 04 Paddni ?a14d4 nad4
kOis j4ssin: ttsdNiya, 24 sett Won -Wy4toi 04 0a00 bElci0 10am
24 stint &hold cou2 Oavijin ttuigts wtlydn tndun 01w = lei4pii0 104
00 Pamay)kds siO0d tndun totlydri: lehitiibyd 24010i 2alsunakiiits
Nyou? sagabyds koat42 1641104
and in Otto_ 04M sagabYdii
kihsfatssis.: au? sagethydis inahoupp44 pa.14 tosdi,;kaki iagd, 10°0 tagd,
tayaut ogd tiOne nti 00; vAgd
bitodaite-
Mr, Williams and Mr. Thin talk about their khirisbya 44634 :;fititiOquiti -jrx#4
hOiVald
after spiral!_ mdun trianti,4'4_

Peik44 004.4
Abitilbyd ;aphei taisie bt4in4 tigiefole au? 41_001 si
*1_4n Otn; ytivg0i4n tnyul;m4 Wide l_IkepeatO otire4r4;
 Won ioin; khimbyd Pettoddun cdbaki Pakhis
mdun tvilydn: Peinddun cabi 011 del Aw,db1
mdun din: khimbya mamma di myouhmd Wald mdun din: khimbyd mtimma 9ameiyikdn heihmd
indun talydn: mailb4 bactline ?atticIti niMate
Pameiyikdn pyiihmd neide mdun witydn: Oa cast? Paddne Patad4 Wide
akh4 cou? tayautthe di myouhmd Wide eh nadmy4 04 tayaummd maeitnl
Won din: khimbyd ed °anti be httayau? damt tayautthe Ade
mdun tot/ydn: dd ktya0 aide mdun din: Pakis4 Owdeayd Xide
Payivga coup Ohg6u cdumhmd thddi mdun Owdjagbu

SECTION ECONVERSATION
1. Covering the Burmese of Basic Sentences 3. Conversation
(Individual Study) Work through the following outlined conversations,'
taking parts. Act them out In front of the group; keep
Cover the Burmese of the Basic Sentences and pray this up until you can da,them easily and smoothly
ace saying the Burmese equivalents of the English When the outlined conversations go well, then change
expressions. the situations somewhat. You now have More material
which you can work into additional conversations.
vent topics as you did for the previous unite, _

2. Vocabulary Check -Vp A meets /3 on the street. They greet, eith-otheri''''

A asks directions of B. Then they go Into a shop and
As in previous:units, the Group Leader will call on buy some things.
various members of the group to give the Burmese ex._ 2, They talk about where they and their friends-
pre,ssions which correspond to the English in the Basic come from;
',Sentences..
$. They talk about their work,
4, They_ talk about their famill
 SEOTION F-4CINVERSATION (font.)
Continue the conversations started in Section E, with Wri t a little
a teview of parts 1 and 2 of the section if necessary, nyi younger brother
tayVakOu mdunlanam4 brothers and sisters
Pinder List uyits4 younger sister
?e46 aunt vide is small, little
Pak6u older brother viVeide is still small
Oalaunakdin occupation
ktfla older sister Malay
Patin mother edatte
ty014 knows how to speak
Paphi father pydhndinde is able to speak
Pa 0e2 age d6du army officer
together exists
bactdne with whom tayaumma not one (person)
be hnayate, how many (people) tayaultha only one (person)
4irtddun marries, get married thOdi puts, places, leaves
htsi? year 04 son
jdpdn Japanese knit daughter
Indian 04 °mut sons and daughters.
kaki Otia dies, is dead
kaM tool Hindustani Ali Owai has died (already)
v4myou four or five kinds Ottgij4sOu let's gol'
tin husband
yafie stop, stand, halts, remains
ttaimma woman, (wife)
parents tag4 languageWerd, speedi
bears, brings up, is born tagabyds interpreter,
 THE WEATHER
UNIT
SECTION A-- -BASIC SENTENCES
_
Go once through the tiaslc Sentences In unison,
through the Bask Sentettees individually. then do the /tints on Protsunciotiono and then
go twice more

1. Basic Senteines
Mr; Will!smS visits Mr. 'Mtn and they talk
about the weather.
Record 9A, bog

tub: to IIIIIININO
enters mdten tin
comes in Ode
-Come in, (polite) wits kids
sits tam kact
down. Mande
Perei sit there. Ihdim64
Sit here, houhm4 maadimbda
;:,cigar dihtnd thdimbd
(drinks')
Have a tigar, Baulk
Piave Onto tea, shiAilei2 Saupixi
lapheyylti MON
 business keissa
What's on your mind? (What business Is there?) bd hind Male
mdun toilydu
There's nothing on my mind. ('There is no business.") Inima *dud maltbd
it rains mdu ywddi
it will probably rain mduletedleinnue
thinks (Is of the opinion)
Do you think it'll rain? ttits1;tiondaimmi, thin$alel
ttsdurt Mu
(No] I don't think it'll rain, mdu ywdleimme, mathimba
tn4$44 uttlydn
always Pamye
is hot pade
Is it always hot like this in this country? dt pyillsmd Mu ?amyl initlaki
whin Sin
No, it Isn't always hot, Pamye mapdb4
cold season shduu afkla
It's the cold season, now 9akhh shdus Pakhd
It doesn't rain in th'e cold season, shriun'Pakhdhmd mom ma
tndun wily4ts
month ('moon')
how many months be hnald
How many months are there in the cold season? shdun hck1s4 be huald fitiat)
62 f3-A]
 mdun Ott:
four months
There are four months. Jtlld fide
from the month of September (about) taalttliagsi
month of December (about) tutddie
up to 061111
The cold season Is from September to December. 140alfttlata nadola Path, ihdun Pahlt4
Record 9B, begiming..
fa cold ckdndt
Is ft very cold In the cold season? shriott Pakkihtnd Oe citlintsaki

Wan (tin
Not very (Cold). mackittsba
Is cool ad,
It Is a little COOL 2$04
snow
falls cd4Egt
It doesn't snow. hottnit tneteibt)
is hard khkle
Water doesn't freeze. yi makhibt4
mdetri tuflydn
hot season twig ?akhd
starts (Begins) e
(From) Which month does the hot season tit mai b$ 144' sa#ale
 mduts ofti
Pydeciu
It stAnitlittgult Vary . tydniiklel Jade
(flit (abo:etei
ko-undd
rho rialtkof Apr?! the hot season's over. idgdlOsitt4 mtvii Pakh4 kciutodi

how (in what manner?)

°i-.',.What's the hot season like?
nklytt, totlysits
batt
takhd
a
mks efts
sun 'la
< The sun Is very hot. tsii FeiP pikle
feels hot Paitid
!t ret,11y gets hot. Belt Paiii6
tiktuts wUydn
relay season tisOti tak1:4
Does it rain a lot in the rainy season? mOu taklihm4 mdu )'ttuditald

moots 8fsa
-tipper Burma ?Wwhet &slid oyei
Is tow (not Many) e
In, Upper Burma the rains are light. take? bcinki Pyahnui *Oa Oa
, PitiO basted
Lower ..Burma
n LOWee Esueni4 the rains are heavy td0 14* tyelist4 mdu myddf,
season isn't pleasant. 'sou takhd triaktilost4
t$Al
 mine "-.
't like it.
donlikes COUP ttl4Captha
r*°t:Ct 014 beginning.
The,ColdatisOn and the hot season are nice sktus Pakhtt me* takhd Munch,
Violent wind labylst
hit s against
season the wind blows hard. olote Pakhdlott4 1.4ibyttt kW
:
Wind,
Is violent pytna
Ili the 04 and hot seasons the wind Isn't strong. s,Ittittitr_Pakkitt4,ttwei ea0410#4 lei tft4#040)41
Thewindishot,,
hMnnlno (apt 4.31
'tio-tit,eltr,arny season the wind blows ftsdur Pakhd Prts41$tild UI Oeletaittilii iyittr#

. .

2:Tke rot of the month's -414s year. ,, 1 :: Before yoji go through 'the $tlsii Spititir4.1.'kae-Conci
..,

,_-
May . , (about) 1
.kes'she,utaa ', time, titudiAheloilOwing
,
-y- - June , ,. . ,
. . 1 -.-'" . _ .nayelosa , , , ,.

2. 4intii Oil PrefluitiCiati" .... , . . .

August :" - , , w44..tfel) .-- _ -'- RecOrd 10A)-aftee .4t , _-__ . ,..- \ . :, :.. ,;.';',..',.;
.
---' October -- 4:-- . . ': 600414 ." --'--
,.PRA01.44'
'November . q : -"tetdtittitt.t0014 ,- -:' , ": .;,.p",'
-.- kelirtlary I ." . tektydwal . '.- . -, -_, - -_-..: '-':_ V, "Nteah.-
March :U - takitteld

i
,.
-, ...-
, .

,
.._.... '. -- -2---041-:-0
- ' ''',
-
r,-;',,
,11,

-
 loath
When the first sound of the foil wing syllables is t$
chassishi n, 5, y, to, Os, 1 the P is replac by the same sound
10U4C4414
as the one which /allows: loom& oullAtnunklouthala,
talosikka etc, Often in slow careful speech you may hear louOdo
lositists6
louN elsauhhe, but in ordinary conversational speech
lossliffititts4 the P is replaced as described,
kuyyade _ When the first sound of a following syllable is ls or 0,
kueeald the of the first syllable is kept 06100414th ce0/tdun.
The sounds that result in _these combinations are not
You will hays noticed that some words are written strange in English, although we are not fused to noticing
with a sign P at the end. These words are written differ. them. The combinations last a little longer than the
ently when they are followed Immediately by another single sounde.:You can hear Such combinations in the
syllable because In rapid speech the sound which is English hop-tickers hot-time, house-serwisi, hate14ek,
represented by the sign 0 is replaced by another sound. roocatkly, guits.mcsker, fresh sheeti and 'so on.
What sound Is used as, replacement is determined by Don't worry`about all this. It is just t6 explain the
the first sound of the following syllable. We shall give writing. Listen carefully to the Guide and imitate as
you rules which describe the change that is made, but
you should remember that the important thing is always closely as you can what he says.
to say, the Burmese just the way the guide or the voice Record 10A1 after 24d spiral,
on` the phonograph record says it, The rules that follow
lust explain' t e system of writing. Mac-ma 2 .

When a syllable which ends in 2 Is followed ini taw

mediately by a syllable which begins with Peivga
Peitishitui
Phi 6, 6m it Is replaced by toupo kdumbdbs
d, hti, hi _"" " "t loui10 kelimele
"" It "s ehausslie
kuucleati
_
krisitaiski
j it ft " 11, 4
*Oudot;
11 11 11 If
is
patoukka #taktutabli
A; kiss g,
N 15-Al
 . Wu Wlif haV natiCed also the the and represented tosdurnm6un
by .n at he end of a word is replaced y another sound nadd
when it 4 immediately foilow by one of a group of
,---,, solutde, hen the first sound of the following syllable The hot season lasts from about F'ebruary to April
if to /Pi 0 m Or lon; the replacenient is with tn, When and includes the following Burin* monthss
he est so nd of th following syllable Is k, kh, v or
6.,i ,:e-re P acetnent Is *Uhl. Otherwise it remains the Record 10)3,,sbegittning.
' aoutid repteitented by ,s," .

'-'.The DuiMee-0 year Is divided into _twelve friontht of- isaiorco

e nine or thirty a' a each,- There are three 'sea'
.
Uto
Int,'season from aboutMay
Vitt to WO
. b*t'iricilnrAu40 thYaoil o
ihof Burmese *Ile*
Og urniso monthst. ,
to dun
tag4
Record '16 at* 314 15)1ril, ,

PsiOticii 3 --The gurinans count the minitha from ingd f61464titi;.

kashOun* The first day-of opt tnaks. 13e any 4te from
_ tu,90101', ta'Apri18.1 year begins.onAPril-15 fe:, so
waS4.4 -' that 0,40ieee New Year may be in-,eltherLog4 bf:r
tixtvinn
Jai:4444n certain yeatidiiityaieds4u 4'441,0
The cold season lasts from about October to January up the time lost due to a year of 4$4 days.
and Includes the following 13urinese months dally ..441i8,3140
Record14, iftet:4th Spirik uoe the months know,. them. YOU"WillheAr'bOtho
1304kii01 4 Now jo:,twice Ihrouglf'114 1304 S ki es' 1c1
= 044 ually, otfte WithVie 600k-Opeolitil oncelfithihe
Oudfijut ctoSed._
 SECTION B --WORD STUDY

1. Word Study (individual Study) ekgfht maeibtlid Don't you knoW him?
yauccd Oduttlaukkdu °kid Lihnow- the three Men,
A; .htnd ddgdu baindldu bd khdelaie W at is that called,in
iitliand Odd 1-lere it is, ttentese?
hduhtthi eolit 00)/ fin There is my friend, tictukkO4 In the future;
iklmfnsdin behind:8. Where is there a restart,
rant? The. syllable -ketu (Ida) in the above expressions
046ephmit Ikld It is on the right, marks the 1)144 0 time to which something or somebody
eakhit be mybohttsd taittalti In ,which city do you live goes, or marks the teceiver of an fiction. In the first
now? meaning it" Can usually be translated by the English
barn Pyifhtnd He lives in Burma, 'to.' In the other It is generally not translated.-
Otsgdit cdttmhoui thddi He has been sent to school.
0444 Pak/tatted leibytn In the rainy season violent C, .*a
winds blow, ealookka pflittde He returned from work.
togillabtrid nwg ?akhd 'In the menth of tag4 the bega Wale Mere did you come from?
kdondi hot season is over, famgylksiti pyaga tilde I r.-anie from America.
tnbsi eakhd Pajahmd At the beginning of the eiivgd thwette He left the hOuse;
-rainy season, youvgd eaktte kduntfaki Was the courthouse Job
goes!? 4:
.The syllable .hind in each of these expressions marks eayivga ylhonhmd Pc4u2 FOrfiletlY Vworked 04
the gam or time at which something is or happens, It Iota courthouse,
can generally be translated by the English `at' but often be ldgd satiate . What month does it 840?
it is convenient to use 'on' and so on,
The syllable ka (iaj in therebOve expresitonct marks
B. -144; (414) the place at limo from which something Is'or i0
040404 &We He went to work. can often translated In English, 'kWh' Of lof A "
..Pittudu'lbydnde He returned home, can also Indicate possession, as in youttga Polouo 'the
begda OtOdtttale Where are yoti going? 'work of the court, .
 HIV Such eipressionii withottt the final sYliable I 0.10, Man,
nnb instikdo4 Two and two Is four, Owl, dye, hk, but yoti should not try to use them this
$O Vait I With whom do you live? Way Yeaseiti you might give offence,
..F120 '1444 taidi live with my uncle.
# nuoit - in the cold and hot seasons Negeilho Cothikassd$
itiabinapd the Wind is not violent. maktbdtsd DOn't come.
the 46Yliontenceif mark8 the per-. thallaintOcitte 7 Dos 't
:sOn:or 004 tOih'iphich sohiething, Wet done'. It can ttiaeauplidtt4 :Don't
usually' translated often by the English 'with', or Thesente negative ooinmancis,
'0110 fbylneans of and so bn eati reo604.0
s'Expressiont to which the foregoing; syllables are at. them by the hot :
4therl call sOressfrictt.10d:06-01100163 we _
G

?All noun particles, 2. CoierOg English and iltiltsteie pt. yferd

(Individual Study)
Commands
Check youteel(ott your knOWtedgerk( the Woia041Y-"
Aau = ; brinit I or Ssuokel
$4.40s4* bY covering` Arit, the English, their the, $4eineSer'and'-
making sure YO'd IMO* everything thetbughly;

Turn 1
.14,11eSs,'.nire 'pout' YoU r lee' Vi/ith'.the -diiide'orrecottils, telFleit the '64i,liairOV.
.them bythe laSt 44 You will hear,. the .basic ai in
 SECTION CREVIEW OP BASIC SENTENCES
I. Rev's* of Basic Sentences (Cone.) 34 He asks you whether you think it will rain:
. 6(0 chthstaiel
Review the second halt of the Basic Sentences. b. mdu mime, thintfaid
c. mdu Oa? yukitlakl
2. Covering the English of Basic Sentences 4. You say that you don't think it wall
(Individual Study) a. mdu ntde
f.
Co through the Basic Sentences covering up the tog. b. man rnyekle
C. mdu ytodua, Mathittek
lish and reading aloud the Burmese. Check up on any
thing you do not know, until you are sure of everything. S. He asks whether it is always hot in America)
A. Patudiyikdn pyiihmd tam ye Ptitald
b. Pamifylkdu ¢yeihma cetOfe chdtt$aid
3. What Would You Say? (Individual Study) c. kmeiyilgen pyithm4 one& rudValti
Read aloud each of the following and then pick out 6. You say that it is not always hot:
the expression you think most suitable: a. Pattlyil MaPelbst
b. aniye mapdb4
I. You come to the house of a Burmese friend and 0. mdu Od maywdb4
he asks you to come In
7. You ask him how long the rainy season lasts:
a. thdimbd a. shelutt Pakhd, be huok) liValt
b. tofu ldbd b. mei Whit be knakl AVM
c. douppd c. mdu Pakhd bt hnala Yiteole
2. He offers you a cigar: 8. He says four, months:
a. sheilei2 daupp.1 a. douula ride
b. kpkeyytti dauppd b. Mild 1144
0. yid eauppd C. 014 Add
70 (54]
 saya`that it rains a tot In Lower 13urtnat to, Re says the rainy seasons's not"pieasicit
'a. Pnhf bansd oehttsd ttsOu ntie a. tndu 2akhd kQuhtkad
b. NO bamd pyalond Istsfoga mocab4 b. tndu Pakhd
Pol0 ittho jihhsd triois ttiptdd o. ttiOu Pakhd tnakdotttbst

eatOtot; A.,..itot;o4;t1A-zit
t t14 You Say?
1. aiicing'OotheOtie else or by obit IMO; o th-a.Bo,fie.9efI'o'-
Nye YOutfilt5WeriA.Burnie4 for, each of the tese`a if tto one knowSi tto at again. If necessary l
OA Ake_ pr stOtion; Then -give the ,Eng take patio and carry On t e conversation, ,
6cittiValenti of sexpreisions hi the exercise.
ProOP c er vti I direot your work. '1' Mr., Plionlk nle,estt, le,- Seto en, the. 4,,ree. (Mt
'they taik'ahebt a friend Mi. ;

T.
2, %Void- Sttidy CheckUp Recoid 10Bt atter lei 4141,-;
Ott hoie-done in the preceding Unite, go ba0( to 94.s#4, *OA Offt044*
te ord Study and give the correct Burmese for each 24 0411,-14' fr141Yel kkhitb
hhitibyIsetei
Etiglii -6xpressiOil,,, without having to read it from-the
boo-1(i Otiittp Lead* or one of thelueMberS of the '»eftits $4 Ityiyel 44-`-
grOtiPo ouid read the English; 9 utm
seisr: 's110004iti6 0'

following -con,
titi06): 4:8 toad ,bY _the, ,childe'-eK0 bit -apt` tercb 04000-4-8A.,
, 1100,-egibcciaiitmOolinifdlately-aft tit.Aftei eisoto-
the- firet- re tition '9( eaChi,cOny,er,eatjoV'e ePtC-OP-'91i
the riteafilit of anything, Pe.iiisdo uriderstatio,', by tndun 1-440d0(kehiriitog
 -?. M. Thin meets Mr. Williams and asks him where 'Outs Bin: theism Pakhd hstvga cdeaid
he s golug,
*dun omit: hntre call
ioB gm, 24d spirit, yet hOdi
-tsdus tbilydn: ttkil4ig 04n, Olayeid ton ea? tnacaipph4
tndsin Ont.-- tndbdye, khftsbyd *dots Bin: leibytn tai00a14
thdOsnUaydn: coup Pakeu mews semi?: to ltll lei OP pyinde
, 04,fttanbiga Patniiyadn pyaga 14de
heu tndyekt, kMmbyd
Won els: nwli Pakhd be laga
Oltir
kMmbyd Pakhh di tnybuhtnd neimald mdun semi?: noteunMga sa4e
kdu Wyk,: manfibd nayluniaga uxigdunia kahl mai 2404
nepphylogd eau? tayou? Ofigou Oufdsni nei GeiP mapztba
?dile GeV ?due
-,- 'faun ksyouP pylihm4 bd Palau? latontnale shun Pakhd Pasahmd GeiP haunde
tnaPyahndimba hi? mac/1044, OW nomad
coul si6041 A hdundi
mdun No: ny4 yau0 tnyauhtnd mdu GeiP yonaki
3. Mr. Smith' and Mr. Thin talk about the weather.
*tutus satniP: Gel? yuxide Patnyt tnahaupphil
RecOrd 10B1 after 3rd spiral,' moss Pakhrihmd »tau
tneun shdun Pakhd Pameiyileds pyeihnid bbile shtkilei? eaucchintia
mdun chtlnde, Peide mdun Otn: maeancchttnb4
*Outs Bin: shdus Pakhd be kola Sitfale thrlbddi
nepphylvg4 coo,PasheP bdmd Pyageu
tndtin satniPs &Ionia
pydVdukigct tobdunla hliktshdon Pakhd Mood ltdt
tabduttiahtnd -sheaf* Pakhd heutid4 'Nada-me
11Williame on record. 'Wan samiP: kdsimbdbt °wad, Owdde
 SBOVON itCONVERSAIION
. .
-1. Cove thelitifluele Ditto Sentences = tot begin ,to_lonverse by following the inocioN'Onti,
_.(litillvidual Study) _
lin below fair y elp,sely then _change the situations
soinewhat, By no,* ybti havba fair amount of tilateriat
eoVeii,tho'Huratese of thellosie Soh:erica and prae that you befi bring Into yotir'conversitioni, thvent neW
ice ,saYhIg' the Burmese' equivalents of the nglish- Combinations subjot matter.
.04).!,81,0_. Work throiigh the* situatiOns, saying in
2. loc4tbUlary Check-lip whatever fits ,the situation; Wang
done praviOna units.
as YOU tte
;
diVe.the Burmese exprioiona of the English equiVa. -1. You meet a puritan on the stivetind greet
lents in:the $0310 Sortetroos -as the Group header eons You ask about his faMily and friends; Haaslcfr- you
them. tbot -the clitriate ,.!here'yOu'eonle trOrn and yon
3. :Converstion YOU diatuss the seasons, YOU coin b thbelirriate`.
ol'Ou'rina aod,bf.iParjOus'elt,lea or the- alt4ccl
Ai you have dOne in the _Conversation In the previous' Yo4 ta46 leaVe:Of each Other,

SECTION F-- CONVERSATION co;ni.j

Continue the:conteriatione started hi StOticin t with
a role* of parts 1 and 2 of the section` If necessary.
Finder Ittst
tetra hot
P4m0 alwaYs.
?ass '_.beginning, start
4140 Writ: OW Upper Bain*,
 . , ,

,* , iScot:, -., ,:-..-',1; ,,, --, .---"Nitlia -": ::.,,,I,:,

-.,' -'-'.-' '';:` 'bUBJ1104ti" :

'.. ',! a ' ' 4'' :" r:....4
-..- ,71
''''._
",

0 rq . , , .._ . .
-), 0 TOO; over, usqa, up
-- i '' :, month,l' or ' ft '-- .--- *0
.
....
,- , ' violetit *Intl -,, , - ,
, : totted
0:4
100 ttitbntlis , . : ,- ',-

000414
'Oa
, _.;.4.;t ains,
it-146ga'
'^1 ;
if* Y

ftti* Us000'n-
f^.2.
ighol
about, January,
is violent
etart0, begins --
cold season
,
 UNIT
REVIEW
To She Gies* Leader: is unit is Intended to furnish the group with a review of the work done to date: tend stars 0( the stack
Of words, and of the ways of using_them covered in the Word Shay, Pronunciation should be the object of atty-W..w.
whenever the students are talkIng.-Either the Guide or, U there Is no Gulde, the Group Leader and other stikletite
correct faulty pronunciation.
This unit contains a number of _t which will help you to 'make sure that you have thoroughly covered the work
of the first five units of the course. They wills how you what you need to restudy or rriiew.

SECTION A --TRUE -FALSE

Records I IA and I IB.
To 1> Group Leader: Section A is a true -and false quiz which Is to with a Guide, continue to call the number of each statement
read to the group by the Guide or the phonograph records. throughout the quiz so that the students will have no troAls
Each student is to write the numbers from 1 to SO on sheet kftping the proper place. Take the quiz with the rest of the
of paper. After hearing each statement In Burmese, the stu! group.
dents are to mark T opposite the number of that statement In the back of the Guide's Manual you will find a list giving
they consider it a true statement, and F if they consider it the cot answers (T or P) for the Burmese Items, together
false, If the students understand the Burmese they will have with the English translations. Alter the quiz is over read to
no difficulty In deciding whether or not the statements are the group the correct answers, T or F for each item. The stu
true or false. dents are to check their papers. Find the average number of
Use the first item In the quiz as a practice item. Wen you correct answers for your group and include your own answers.
are ready to start, announce "Statement 1, and give the Any student who gets less than the average number of answers
signal to the Guide to begin, or put on the phonograph record. or less than 80 per cent (whiChever Is higher) correct, needs
The Guide or the record will then read the Burmese statement: more thorough study and review of the preceding units.
"hrtipsni hit Nun vd" and will repeat the statement once Use the test of the period to repeat the Burmese expteeslons
more. Explain to the group that, since the meaning of this for which students had the wrong answer and mod the English
statement is "two and two are five" they should write F after equivalents of these statements if they wish to have them. Be
the figure 1 on their papers. Then announce "Statement 2" that the students understand the meaning of all the Items
and continue with the Guide or phonograph record. Each itch
wsure they got wrong; those are the items on which their
statement In Burmese Is to be presented twice. When working vocabulary is weak and needs further study.
16-Al 75
 o A is ,a true-false quiz. After you have marked you which statements are true and are false,
hum re` 0,50 on ft sheet of paper, your Group each correct answer.
re your paper, counting one for each
or have the Guide read, or Will play the phono. The Group Leader will figure out the average score for
reeord4 Containing a number of statements in your group. If your score falls below the average of the
urrneee. As you hear each sentence, decide whether group as a tvhole, you need more study and review of
e stateLait it makes is true or false. Decide whether the previous unite.
e'stateMent Is usually true or woolly false. Do not Use the rest of the period to go over the sentences
g0 into particular cases. If you think the statement's again with your Guide or records. For each item on
ttge, mark T opposite the number corresponding to the which you are wrong, be sure that you understand why
number of the sentence that has just been spoken. If you are wrong, and what the true meaning of the item
you think it le false, mark F opposite the number. The
first item will be a practice Item and will show you just
how yOu are to proceed with the rest of the sentences. If you come out well on this quiz, that indicates that
After you have done this Work, the Leader will go you 'have a pretty good understanding of the word
through your answers with you as a group, and will tell stock you have covered to date,

SECTION B--HOW WOULD YOU SAT IT? (Individual Study)

Go through the following English sentences and pre- I

pare to say the equivalents for the English at your I. How do you do, sir?
next group meeting. Do not write at down, but 2. I'm fine, sir.
say the Burmese equivalents out loud and keep prac- 3. I don't understand.
ticing them aloud until you have the Burmese down 4. Please speak slowly.
so cold that when the English is fired at you point. S. Where is there a hotel?
blank you can fire the Burmese right back without any 6. It is on the right.
hesitation. I. Do you understand?
70 [6-131
 -.
,$, I,Underitind. n. I Must go.
9. What lithis called in Burmese? 10. Very' well. go (please).
10. I want a cigarette,
Iv
II 1. What languages do you know how to speak?
1. Are you an American? 2. I know how to speak English and BOrniese..
2. I am an American soldier. 3. Can't you speak Chinese?
3., I am a native of Chicago. 4. I can't speak it well.
4. Don't you know him? 5. I understand It aqui°.
5. His name is Mr. Williams. 6. How many brothers and sisters do you have?
6: Where are you going today? 7. I don't have any.
'7. I'M not going anyirhere. 8, Has the train stopped?
8. Tomorrow we will go to China. 9. 'It has.
9. What city do you live in now? 10. Let's go.
10. 1 live in Mandalay, V
1. Is it always this hot in Burma?
2. It Isn't always hot;
1. Where are you going? 3. Do you think it will rain?
2. I am going to work. 4. I don't think it will rain:
3. Why? 5. What's on your mind? (What business 4 there?)
4. 1 am busy. 6, Nothing's on my mind. (There is no business).
5. What work do you do? 7. Sit down. Have a cigar.,
6. I am a clerk. 8. Is it very cold in the cod season?
7, This way is no good. 9. Not very cold.
8. My friend has come. 10. The cold season and the hot season are pleatlant.
4
 ,-+-tr4 ,'> 1", '':': st.:':::' `.,''' , f.'Y '...4:".,:.5.-z,7c'", --' - 1,..,.,.',, ."1:,,"'--`,- ',;-',.--4-=;''',-;-`1!-- ,,,-,-,--...,-4,-:,:;,...-.4,

, .,,_ .: ;,..'. , --, , ',,,, -,,-,-,..,,,,,,.',--;-?--,,-..,

.,-. ; -,'"

, ,, , . .- ' '''-,-,-;1,, .., ;

--',-.,
,-,,
SECTION CHOW 1)0 19,,, 8At Itt; ,.._,

'. , -- '.' '', ' -;,' --- : --' '- .,' ' , --= , ,: -','A : -;
iiiiiiiii.iialitlii
,...
iiiii4kiiii iiiiin beleifi
Thiel settloh' is 4011 OB 010'11,01C YOU nave (lode SietiOlte2 -a this 014. lin ixiojc 'r.he croup
e *di tell ontrenTe At thenp istilut dot in gY filt Olt) tc.0 t wreft v.alent$giet
(").: tto tion B. he, -orionilat tikette, moving rapi 11,0:011
vett it terst,611,0u&n6M.
u prgnt N to later% and corrot your profit!, exPre,
tilja tiectlOu is Intericled to give Yqu check on your ability to use the vocabulary YOU 100 *11
;
$1011014 W01710 YOU SA 111 (Ca$L) (Individual SW(10
00 through these English sentences and prepare to , ,

'V he equivalents for the English, Just as you did in l ja halt natiVe of natigoMit
tr on B of this unit. 1)0 not write anything down, but 2. No. He tamefrorri Chinai
,aVe e hing well fixed in your mind and ready to 3. to your friend an Bites
-, speak in 6 next group meeting,. 4. Neo. He la a native, of N
S. H Is-an American sa1160,
is hN name?
1. Where is the railroad station? Is it on the right? s name is Mr. Sit'zith,
2. Here it Is. Go straight ahead. 8. He is my friend. r
3. Do yoU want to eat? 9. Goodby, (by person leaving).--
4. 1 don't want to eat. I want to drink some tea. 10. Veiy,well, sir., bye (to person leaving).
. S. What time is it?
6. It's four o'clock. III
?. When does the movie start?
8. Eight o'clock. 1. Who are those five people?
9. Do you want a cigarette? 2, I know the 0tte woman well.
10. Thank you. I don't want cigarettes. 3. 1 don't know the three men,
7$ F6-DJ
 4, ey are policemen, I think. 9. whom did she live with in England?
S. here does your friend work? 10. She lived with (her) older brother.
6. fie Isn't doing anything now,
/. Formerly he worked in a bank. V
8. He went to work at nine A.M.
9. a returned home at four P.M. 1. Come In. Sit down, Have 801116 tea.
10. He wasn't very busy. 2. It's very warm today. The sun is very hOt.
3. Yesterday it was a little cool,
IV 4. What month does the cold season begin?
S. It Is now the hot season.
1. Is your older brother married? 6. It starts frOM the month of idectlin.
2. 'Yes, he Is. His wife is English, 7. It consists of four months. In the month of ssad4
3. She is now living with my parents. the cold season is over,
4. How many children do they have? 8. Row Is the cold season?
5. There are tyio sons and three daughters. 9. In Upper Burma are the rains heavy? In tippet'
6. They are still very small. Burma the rains are light,
7. Does she have a father and mother? 10. In Lower Burma the rains ate heavy. It is not
8. No. Her parents are dead. pleasant.

SECTION EHOW DID YOU SAY IT? (COW.)

To Om Group leaden Simply follow the directions given below.

As in Section C, the Group Leader will go around the group and ask various members to supply (with books
closed) the Burmese equivalents for the sentences in Section I). If the Guide is present, he will listen and correct
pronunciation and expressions. .
This section is Intended to give you a check on your understanding of the way the language is built and (uric.
Vona.
 hailOtbirs'Of the gr,etili Caition ihort'cOnver;; 4. tviiiiitjg friend.
661004 PA, more than to 2 mintites, in which (Incindes questions t6 Wheie
ing nits should be
the '411j re cOntenti of the pr ,
whether he wotkkl like to eat Or _Oak, 1,h,ere Is a,,
-Eftiotie'atiotsid have a Stsl take Part plat* to eat and drink.)
witian ble. This e ttia ins of the eon.'
#0 tionashoul Varied and COm ned as much as $, -Ditottosion 0 occupations.
ble, Each conversation should n with greeting 0C14de: ripostIons as to where You areW0tking
re.1 01401,40 after each other's !leak , arid should end_ , and what you, are doing; what YOU 1,18--0 to do; What you
.4 1 , formal live-taking. Here are int a few out of expect to do in the future.) ,.
ManY,POsa Olt eifor eonvereatiors.
A.,L 'Meeting friends On street.', 6. Discussion of travel piains".
question , eh other's health', (Includes 4;1661181i 'to where you 'eamelroni,:::-A;;.,
health parents, health oitroutht mid sisters, where and where you are going; when you came and when YOU
they are living now.) will leave.)
2., Meeting a stranger and introducing oneself, 7. Discussion of the weathers
(Includes statement of names, questions and an- '(includes questions as to Opinions about the'
swers 'about where you come from, where you work, weather s the Burmese seasons when they are i what the FP
where you are living now, what you are doing.) weather is like in each of them.)
3. Introducing people. 8. Looking for an interpreter.
(Include: introducing a friend or relative to some- (Includes questions as to where there is an inter.
"- one, questions as to where from, languages spoken, offer preter for Malay; how many languages the interpreter
a smoke, ask where going now.) can handle, whether he speaks the languages well.) :
 A PI4AcF To LIVE
SSOTION ABASIO i$NTENCES
04 once through the task Sentences tti unison, then do the liints-on PtOtifindatiOth and then go twice mo
rough The Bask Sentences

I. Bois Sentence'
Mr," Williams rents a room for himself and a friend,
1:2411

liNaLISN 14111/IVAllitS

Wan Wyk:
for the purpose of living tuflibbu'
' place ,
tOiyd
searches for Ida
remains (lives) IOW
I'm looking for a place to live OUP nabOu nityd Id neide
house Min
Is there a place to live in your house? khimbya Parninn4' ttObbu OiPt SIVA!

M Mutt 010
Yes, there is. 104/4
 room Pakhdn
three:rope eduvgdn
is free (vacant, unoccupied) ta4
. Three J'OoniS are vacant. Otikhdtt Oduvgdn 24 neibdde
looks (at)
wants to look cifinde
Do you want to (go) see 'em? ckfinOald
Wu* waydn
if free Pdyin
if you have time, I'd like to (go) see 'eta. khintbyd 71n, Owd cOnbdde
24 Pdun
Let us look cijasbu
Let's go look. estd elidsbu
follows (accompanies)
follow (accompany) (polite) kikkhebd
Come with me. C01014 kikkhebd
rents (hires, borrows, lends) hdde
v
wants to rent hv de
how many rooms bkhdo
e h nan
How many rooms do you want to rent? Pakkdn be hnakhdn hvdjineale
*dun wilYdn'
two rooms hnakhdn
I want to rent two rooms. hbakhdn hvdfimbddi
as regards (on account of) . house)
one room ktkhdn
One for me. ats? Patwe? takhdn
r7-.A)
One for my friend. cou, meisshwei ?atm? Lakhdn

40 Nun Ott
moment (Instant) khan()
watts --- sdundi
Wait a minute. khan() Satlh nabd
sees myituti
I see somebody ('one person). id Myaukkou mytna
Who it is, I don't know. baeltit, tn401141
Record 1213, beginning.
not once (never) takh4m4
have never seen tnamytosbab4
I've never seen him before. 0k6u takhanta tnamyttnbilb4
*noun unlyan
He's a friend of mine. 04 couP eavifin
I know him well. Okg6u cosi" kduvg4un 0146
wants to remain (live)
He wants to live in this house, too. 0418 dt &Attu/ neijitnbddi
goods (mnt erchandise) k6u
mercha k6unn Oi
doctor shaydunIn
I'm a business man; he's a doctor. kounVe, 04 shayttunin
distance (journey), kkot
travels khayt Oweldi
We're travelling together. coutOu khayt 'tilde
V.4";;?.7.

)4 Mug its =

014 shAlfro
can look (Is able to. look) Ohtsdimbckli
that's the 4,0e, we can look at a room ior mktu sh4tiyin, Oh tatto0 takhtts ahlai
upper floor 004442
climbs (ascends)
;:et's go upstairs and look. kkidakk6t4 le2 Masi
wants to show
I want to sho* (you) the rooms. kkhztvgasi pyajttsdi
ni4uts'wtlydn
The roo.. nice. 9akh404 114SONNide
bathroom yei chougeln
Where's the ba m? yet choUgels behtts444
24 ?duos Mt
lower floor kutiha2
It's on the lower floor, 2awthaphtts4 etbddd
goes down (descends) shttkie
Let's go down and look. slits clibou
bathes (takes a bath) yet chdudi
wants to bathe yet choujitsdO
Do you want to take a bath? yet chOkfttiflat4
mdun tvtlydn
(No,) I don't (want to bathe), yet ittachkgmbah
wants to know Olittscle
I wanted to know where the bathroom was, yet chftgdn bihnt411, cou2 Oilittsbddi
84 17-Al
Record I3A, beginning,
monthly rent (or salary) ldgd
gives aide
must give (has to give) ppeiya4i
How much is the rent? kkhdn ldgd Ulan? peiydntale
ftl &en Ofn
quarter (twenty -five) 4ise0
(Give) twenty-five for one room. takhdvgdu peibd
mclun wtlydn
expression shOudd
I don't understand the expression taseP. ?aseti, shourld nd maiEbtt
24 ?dun ON
twenty-five hnasht v4
twenty-five rupees hnashe veljaP
?asei? is twenty-five rupees. Paul? hnashe vtlja?
mdutt wUydn
fifty Vdte
If that's the case, two rooms are fifty. dilou shouyin, imakkin
Is true (is correct) hmdtsde
Is that right? hmdnVald

24 ?dun Oftt
That's right. Ipambdde
 ttaut3 wilyon
Very well. kelutnbitbi
What do you want to do now? ahh4 bd loucchintale
Ilaveitt
I don't want to do anything. bdtisa moknicchimb4
I'll be sitting here for a little while. dihm4 khans thtfin nittn0
7, c

Before you go through the Basic Sentences a second time, study the following:
2. Hints on Pronunciation
Record 13A, after 1st spiral. Listen to the Guide say the above sets of expression81
and imitate him paying special attention to the rise and
Pucricit 1 fall of his voice. Repeat right after the Guide, as usual.
ld Wide He is coming.
Surd neide He Is going. Record 13A, after 3rd spiral.
ci n6idt He is looking. PRACTICE 3
lout neidi He is doing it; he He wants to come.
is working. kifinde
Owd Ana He wants to go.
Record 13A, after 2nd spiral He wants to look.
loucchinde He wants to do it; he
PRACTICE 2 wants to work.
id neibddi He is coming (polite). Record 13A, after 4th spiral
Bwd neibddi He is going (polite).
ci steibdcle He is looking (polite). PRACTICE 4
lou? neibdde He is doing it; he is idjimbdde He wants to come (polite).
working (polite), Owtlitmbdde He wants to go.
88 [7 A)
 tifins 44 He wants to look (polite), You will notice, if you listen tuirefully, that a Syllable
10 'eels tttedile He wants to do It; fie which is Written with a space following IC as in Id Wide,
wants to work (polite).
Is different from a syllable which Is followed by another
Now listen to the Guide say the above sets of express syllable with no space, as Idfindi. The important thing
.011Ons, and again Imitate him paying special attention to Is to get the melody right, Sing the- phrase when you
1 0 rlse,and fal-of his voice. Repeat right after the repeat it.
101:140 as usual.

SECTION A- -WORD STY

I. Word Study (Individual Study) B. Secondary Particles
A. tteidd In Unit 3 you learned about the syllable0,44,114;Mi
Sd s6144 He is looking. .ke, le. Syllables that never Stand alone we- *an
41414 nOidi He is going. particles. The five particles Just quoted always come at
Win tteini4 be sitting. the end of expressions; we calf them final' particles,-
tOidi He remains, lives. There are other particles which we shall refer to from
time to time. Some of these come between the verb and
nRde when it is not pre&ded by another verb in the the final particle. These we shall call secondary particles.-
same phrase translates in English as 'lives, remains.' We shall now look at some very, common secondary
When it is preceded by another verb it means that the particles.
action of the other verb is going on, When such a come /. -chine
pound verb expression Is In the negative, it Is the second
part that is negated: loucchitttlakl Do you Want to 'do It?
loucchinde I want to do IC
. ad ftsaniib4 He is not looking. maloucchtmbil don't want to do it.,
theti tnanii64 He is not going. cijintalt1 Do you Want to see It?
lhdln tnaniibtl He is not sitting. cifinde want to see It.
tnaneibil He does not remain, live. tnaajtmed I don't wart to see
(7-13)
 , 4

,he 4/11 it if otocKifity partifile and Indi;-, The ayilable-plat. a seendary particle Arid indi
tett 0 01'0,0 0-001111111g; No Ice t e*chatige hi cates Poi How.
tAirtit,2116.4 t3), partic e depending On what Pte. pen.
" .7 .77 _4" eel eel"
ihatntil Maitlaki
r
-e Is still spnalit,..-
s there rice still?
a' yOu do it? *did have not eaten- Yet.
lottthrtdinde I can do It. ttsatouNIN4 I haven't done it
tOlos4Olottlitnb4 I can't do it. tnadjitletibtl I don't want to eat
`cilotdittOald Can you look at it?
(ibtkittuii I can look at It. The syllable is a secondary particle acid indicates
Mdahtidift$111 I cith't look at it. further action. It ,is usually translated by'the
The syllable -Ana*. Is a secondary particle and Ind!. 'yet' or 'still'.
cater the ability to do something. 6, a'
klyad4 He must come.
mdu ywdrnotnte It will probably rain. ptiyatalet Do you have to give?
Otvilleimme He will probably go. ntakoilyabil He dOes not have to
kelumOditimme It will probably be good. :-
mdu yuktleimmi, thftiVaki Do you think it will rain? The syllable -yd- Is a secondary particle and indicates
mdu yulakimme, mathimb4 I don't think it will rain. necessity or complsion.
The syllable 41n- Is a secondary particle and indi- 7. -pd.
cates probability. Notice that it is always followed by louppd Do lt.
the final particle -me. Otodba
4. -Plia louppda He does it.
loupphileald Did you ever do it? Otodbdde He goes.
troaloupphabst I have n aver done it. neijimbdde He wants to live.
Owdbildi I have vne (there In the c3htairnbade He can look.
past). Otodyabade He has to go. .
 The syllable -pd- is a secondary particle and indicates politeness. Notice that this particle is used in commands as
well as in statements and questions. Notice also that it is used together with other secondary particles.

2. Coveting English and Burmese of Word Study

(Individual Study)
Check yourself on your knowledge of the Word Study by covering first the English, then the Burmese, and
making sure that you know everything thoroughly.

3. lieview of Basic Sentences

With the Guide or records, review the first half of the Basic Sentences as in previous units.

SECTION C-- REVIEW OP BASIC SENTENCES

1. Review of Basic Sentences (Cont.) 3. What Would You Say? (Individual Study)
Review the second half of the Basic Sentences. Read aloud each of the following and then pick out
the expression you think most suitable:
2. Covering the English of Basic Sentences You want to rent a room for a friend and you talk
to the landlord:
(Individual Study)
1. You say that your friend Is looking for a place
Go through the Basic Sentences, covering up the Eng- to live:
lish and reading aloud the Burmese. Check up on any- a. cou? tntimma neibbu neiyd gd Wide
b. coup meisshwei neibau MO fd Wide
thing you do not know, until you are sure of everything. c. cou? yei chOugelygdu fd niide
(7C) SO
 2. You ask him if he has two rooms vacant: 6. You ask him to wait a minuteyou see your
friend:
a. khirnbyd 2eirnirrnd ?akhdn knakh4n 24 a. Wind sc)tonbd: cou2 atneigdu myindi
iteibTalti b, khancl saumbd: cora trreisshweigdu nryinde
b. cola 2eirninnd ?akhdn hturkhdn 24 neide c. khand satonbd: cou2 2adogdu tnyinde
c. khinrbyd 2einthrnd 2akhelts Bombs 24
neiVald 7. He says he doesn't know who it is:
a. b..flondie, trraSibil
3. He says he has four rooms vacant: b. bdie, ma0)b4
a. ?akhdn vdgein 24 Wide c. baddle, tna01b4
b. ?akhdn leigdn Wide 8. You say your friend is a business man:
c. ?akhdn chaukkhdn 24 neide a. cou2 meisshwei /retinae
b. co u2 tneisshwei celun shayd
4. You say you want to rent two of them for your c. COUP trieisshwei shaydwiin
friend:
9. He says he wants to show the room:
a. cou2 tneisshwei 2atwe2 hr.:a/than hvtljinde
b. cou2 aphiti Patwe2 takkin hodydde a. 2aklrelpg6rt pyafinde
c. cou2 *Wu 9atwe2 Ootivgdn hvandinde b. Pakheltigou cileimtne
c. Pak/Mu& Oudyade
3. He suggests that you go look: 10. You say that you have never seen it:
a. Oweijdzbu a. tnatoupphtibri
b. Otra sdfrisk b. tnaOwdbaba
c. 0w4 cljazat4 c. mamyinrb4b4

90 [7C1
 SECTION DLISTENING IN
I. What Did You Say? i. Mr. Williams rents a couple of rooms.
Give your answers in Burmese for each of the exer- Record 13B, beginning.
cises in t preceding section. Then give the English mdun coutiou neibbu tteiyd Id neidi.
equivalents of all the expressions in the exercise, The di hdtihmd tteibbu neiyd Iiaald
Group Leader will direct your work.
?A ?dun OM: AMA
kkhdn vtigdn 94 neidi
2. Word Study Check-Up be hnakh-dn hydfin'oaM
As you have done in the preceding units, go back to mdun wUydn: hnakhdn hvdjinde
thc Word Study and give the correct Burmese for each kkhdn behmdle, cou9 afindi
English expression, without having to read it from the ?A ?dun OM: bada ktwelle
book. The Group Leader or one of the members of the mdun cou9 9atwe9 takhdtt
group should read the English. cosi? meisshwei ktwe9 takhdn
P4 ?dun Stn: laikkhebd, Owd cijasett
3. Listening In khimbyd meisshwei behmdle
With your book closed, listen to the following conver- mdun khans sdun neibd
sations as read by the Guide or phonograph record. dzt ldbdleimme
Repeat the Burmese immediately after hearing it. Pakhh couttau hnayata 2atild4 khoyt Owd
After the first repetition of each conversation, check up neide
on the meaning of anything you do not understand, by 94 ?dun inn: khimbyddbu 9alou9kkdin bdle
asking someone else or by going back to the Basic Sen. mdun wilydn: cou9 shaydunin, 04 kouttele
fences if no one knows. Repeat again if necessary, then Pakhdn behmdla
take parts and carry on the conversation. kpod,aphmdkl, Pautthaphmdld
91
PA 2dun Ohs: Papodaphmd °duvets Burman: ydtsg6un myougau Owelme
Pautihaphmd hnakhdn mdun Path? helauP
mdun wilydn: dil6u shalt*, PaNdakkdu teP cijaisou Burman: hnashe vtihni? Sibt
Pakhdn lagb helauP peiydmale behmd mtveieale
mdun
?dun lahh4n hnakhdn vase
Burman: phya mybuhmd »Midi
mdun wilydn: Pautthakka Pakhdvg6u slat' cifinde Pakh mandalei mybuhttsd neitial4
Pakhein klumbdde mdun
Pakhavgau couttbu hvt1m6 Burman: ntibacle
nt ?dun Of n: hauhmd 14 tayaukkdu myind6 mdun khimby4 04 °and Wald
64 badale .Burman: maltba couP Peinddun macatigiba
khimbya meisshwii14
mdun wflydn: Paphei Pamei §itt'al4
mottos wilydn: manba
couP Ohg6u takhdma mamyimbab4 Burman: maltba 04dbu 06 Ouhibi
04 couP meisshwei mahouppha mdun uPtlydn: nyikkbu mdunhnama behna:-.70 116410
Burman: tayaumma magiba
2. Our friend Williams asks a suspicious looking Bur- mdun khimby4 Palounakdin bag
man some questions: Burman: couP Palounakdin kounVe
Record 13B, after spiral. mdun wflydn: Pakhh tayautthe khayf 0w4 n6itralci
mdun uPtlydn: khimby1 tame badsfle Burman: tayautthe khayf Owl neibeicle
Burman: couP mime mdun than kidn mdun wilydn: blab naindalei mybuga awe? 14eale
mdun wilydn: hie Wale Burman: maneigb thwe, ld4e
Burman: mtIndalei mybug4 lade mdun bedb ydvg6un myougou Owdmale
mdun wflydn: bedu Owdmale Burman: diganei nybn6i vtin4y3 mix:thane Owdmd

92 [7-101
 SECTION BCONVBIZSATION
1. Covering the Burmese in Basic Sentences lents in the Basic Sentences as the Group Leader calls
(Individual Study) for them.
Cover the Burmese of the Basic Sentences and prac- 3. Conversation
tice saying the Burmese equivalents of the English ex- As you have done in the Conversation in the previous
pressions.
units, begin to convetse by following the models out-
lined' below fairly closely; then change the situations
2. Vocabulary Check-Up somewhat. Invent new combinations of subject matter.
Give the Burmese expressions for the English equiva- 1. Try finding a room in various places, for various num-
bers of people, and at various prices.

SECTION ItCONVERSATION (Cont.)

Continue the conversations begun in Section E with
with a review of parts 1 and 2 of the section if necessary. looks, looks at
ctiazou let's look
cif ncle wants to look
Finder List
Pet( le Is free, unoccupied, vacant dilou sheuyin if that's the case
Pakkin room house
Paptida9 upper floor
Pasei? quarter, twenty-five hmdnde Is correct, true
Patwe2 account, behalf (because, for) hnakheln two (of rooms)
PRUI0142 lower floor hnashe v4 twenty-five
24yin is free, unoccupied, vacant httaskt vtlja? tventy-five rupees
be hnakhdn hvddi borrows, tends, rents, hires
how many (of rooms) hvtlfinde wants to borrow, etc.
(7--F] 93
 khand moment, instant !Aide gives'
khayt distance between 2 places, trip peiyadi must give, has to give
khayi Otak/4 travels pyajinde wants to show
Irdtin goods, merchandise satinde waits
Irduntle merchant shaydwin doctor
monthly rent (or salary) shtnde descends, goes down
hint follows, accompanies shdudd expression, saying
taikkhebd follow, accompany (polite) hide searches for
loucchindi wants to do
takhdn one room
tnyindi sees tette climbs, ascends
neibbn for the purpose of living Oljinde wants to know
neide remains, lives Oativgtin three rooms
neVinde wants to live, remain yei cholla bathes, takes a bath
nesyd place yei thou do bath-room
Vdet fifty yet chdujinde wants to bathe

94 (7F]
 r.'

i 1.th I his et ;f! /14%ik.4. hi ;4-

;;
;tn+fc!

ketiRkit 4e,t,
$004014 #1180,04.41444
 beard mousshei?
reaps (mows, shaves) yeiiii
I want to get a shave tnonsshe0 yeicchihde
garment Pawu2
clothes ?awummyd
clothes also Paummtnyttle
washes (clothes, hair)
I want to have some clothes washed too. Pawummydle 6.1inde

Mugu
You can take a bath (here) in this house. dt Peim.imd yei chouhndimbdde
village Ywd
forest (jungle) to
country village lOywd
This is a country village. di rod idytal
is big add
It's not big. 4 mactbd
It's very small. OeP vide
for that reason ddjaun
barber shop shabin hnyassMin
That's why there aren't any barber shops. ddjaun shabin hnyassitAin

ieVe
how will one do? bene kummale
If that's the case, what do you do? shduyin, bend knonntale
96 (8A]
 Pain.Yin
one skilled in some work Boma
barber shabfn hnya00antti
will probably have to call khdyaleimme
You'll probably have to call a barber. shabin hnyanamel khOyaleimme
He can cut (your) hair. shabin hnyothndinde
He can give you a shave too. moussheille yeithndindt
Record 15A, beginning.
?Me
About the clothes, who'll wash 'em? Pawummyd Potwe? bacid Idtna le

?Hain
is concerned (worried) sOuyeinde
Don't worry. masOuyeitnbtine
night nya
laundryman doubt
The laundryman'!) probably come tonight. diganN nya doubt kadleimmi
You can give your clothes to the laundryman. 2awutnnty4 aubigdu ptihndimbdcle
Peel
shirt (coat, jacket) ?einji
pants Mumbi
is torn soutee
My shirt and pants are torn. cou? ?Unfit:a bdumbi sou? neicl4
sews cioutte
Who can sew 'em up for me? bald thou? peihndin6a10
18-Al 97
 reinffn
needle
tailor ?mho:Mame'
There's a tailor in this village. di rodhrnd 2acchou0Danid Itbdde
repair (put in order, arrange) pyinde
He can sew and fix up your clothes for you. Od 2aunnmyd hit chou2 peihndinthdde

?eVe
foot chi
bag (sack) Pei?
sock chei2ei?
buys wede
I want to buy some socks. cou? chei2eimmyd. wefinde

2eingin
market
interior ?cake
clothing store 2awusshdin
You can buy them in some clothing stores in the market. zei 2athega 2awusshdinitnydhnui wihndimbdde
sweat chwei
undershirt chweigdn
underpants (shorts) chweigdn baumbi
shoe phana2
rope (cord, string) cdu
shoe laces phanaccou
article (thing, object) pyissi
kind ?amythi
95 18Al
 all kinds antycluzo 14 n
You can get underwear, shoe laces and all sorts of things. chweigdn Peinjt, chtdigdn batanbi, phanatcdumydne
pyissi Pampluz6un yahndintbcide
Record ISA, beginning.

shoemaker phanacchon00amel
Is there a shoemaker in this village? di ywdhmd phanacchoueeamd Wald

Main
often macdmacd
although there isn't manbeime
No, there isn't. (But although there isn't,) one comes ma.fibti mcalbeime, macdmacd diyudgou ldde
to this village often.
nee
Now I want to go take a bath. Pakhh yei Owd chNinde
Main
soap shappyd
two cakes (lumps, blocks) hnatoun
face myethnd
towel eouppawd
Here are two cakes of soap and a face towel. dihmd shappyd hnaidunne myethnaeouppated tatthe

hot water yeinwei

Is there any hot water? yeinwei Staald
[8Al 99
 Peinfin
No. There isn't. yeinwei magibt2
nation (kind of people) itimydu
We Burmans always bathe In cold water. coutiou bamd lamydu 2amye chaude
Peee
Never mind (polite).. keissd maftbdb4
I'll just wash with cold water. coup yeiPeibe chaume

Record 1SA, after spiral. twenty-two hnashe hni2 (hnashe hna-)

twenty-five hnashe
Some more numbers: twenty-seven hnashe khan (hnashe
ten tashe khanna-)
hundred tayd thirty Mina
thousand tathdun thirty-three Odunze $tun
ten thousand taeaun
hundred thousand tatltin Record 1SB, beginning.
million taedn forty itite
ten million tagadei forty-four teize lei
thirteen she &Jun fifty vdee
fourteel? she lei fifty-five wise vd
fifteen she va sixty chausshe
sixteen she chau2 sixty-six chausshe chats?
seventeen she khan (she klnitma-) seventy khannashe
eighteen she seventy-seven khannashe khan (khannashe
nineteen she kdu khunna-)
twenty hnashe eighty gisshe
twenty-one hnashe lip (hnashe to -) eighty-eight Si2
100 [8A]
ninety kdfite In Unit f you learned the numbers from 1 to 12.
,ninetynine Mita heti Here are the others. Repeat them after the Guide or
two hundred huayd the phonograph record. Notice particularly the change
two hundred two Imayd 1;0 in sound between she and she or yd and yd.
five hundred 04yd As you can see the system is very simple; twenty is
vdyd vdte vd 'two-ten', twenty-five is' 'two ten five', five hundred
five hundred fifty five fifty five is 'five hundred five ten five.'
The year nineteen forty- tathdun kduy4 ltisa 04g4 The system is somewhat different in the higher num-
five bers. Eleven thousand is kietitin lathdyn, 'ten thousand
seventy-five thousand khaNnagdion 04dduti one thousand.' The other high numbers go just like this,
one hundred fifty thou- 140eiti velOdun For example: 1$,000 khunnaOdun Oaten; 150,000
sand /Win vdeidun.

SECTION IIWORD STUDY

I. Word Study (individual Study) translation as something like Sad etjazau 'having gone,
A, Verb Expressions let's look (at it)'; lei ajdodu 'having ascended, let's look
Let's go. (at it)'; shin cijdzau `having descended, let's look (at
Owttideoti it)'.
ctjdsau Let's look.
dwd ajaseu Let's go look. B. pydnde
ieechou Let's go up. pydnde returns
le? etidzau Let's go up and look. pydn °wade goes back
shtkiasau Let's go down, pydn idde comes back
shin eijaeou Let's go down and look. pydn PAM answers.
The last of more than one verb in an expression is In these expressions you have the same kind of ex-
the main verb. Verbs preceding the main verb are pression as in the preceding paragraph. Again it is con-
subordinate. It is often convenient to think of the venient to think of the translation a4 something like
(S-Si 101
pydn Owdd6 'returning, or having returned, he goes or thamtnzdin restaurant
went'; pydn icicle 'returning, he comes' I pydn pydde 'rtd Pa uttha2 lower floor
turning, he speaks' that is 'returning (to the topic) he Papbda0 upper floor
speaks.' Most often Pydnde in this position is translated aide interior of the market
into English as 'back, again'. Peind6 Interior of the house
C. Nide When one noun modifies another noun, the modifying
gives noun comes first. Sometimes the main noun has Pa. pre.
pnde fixed. This is the case with PathaP 'floor, storey' and
couP pude sews for you
pyin thou? Midti fixes and sews it for you. ?atilt 'interior' and many others that you will meet from
time to time. Whcn these are used as the main noun in
Verb expressions in which Nide is the main verb are an expression they usually lose the Pa, as above, When
often best rendered in English by saying something is the speaker emphasizes that word in the expression you
done for somebody. A literal translation may help to will hear expressions like ati Paiht and ?din Path$ beside
make this clear: chop? Nide 'sewing, he gives', pyin aide and Uinde. Except for emphasis they mean the
thou? peide 'fixing, sewing, he gives'. same thing.
Most of these expressions have been analyzed at the
,D. Wide (See Unit 7, Word Study) first occurrence in the Basic Sentences. Go back through
?aide remains, lives the preceding unit and see if you can find others.
Id made is coming
Owd neide is going 2. Covering English and Burmese of Word Study
Ion? neid0 is doing (Individual Study)
Verb expressions in which Wide is the main verb Check yourself on your knowledge of the Word Study
usually describe action which is continuing. Literally, by covering first the English, then the Burmese, and
pyd neidi 'speaking, he remains' that is 'he remains in making sure you know everything thoroughly.
a condition of speaking'. 3, Review of Basic Sentences
E. Noun Expressions With the guide or records, review the first half of the
kwusshditi clothing store Basic Sentences as in previous units.-
102 (8-13]
 SECTION C-- REVIEW 01? BASIC SENTENCES
1. Review of Basic Sentences (Cont.) 3, You tell him your clothes are torn:
Review the second half of the Basic Sentences, a. cost? Patuummy4 son? neide
b, con? chweigdn bduntbi sou? neide
2. Covering the English of the Basic Sentences c. tnyethnaeouppawd sou? neide
(Individual Study) 4. He says a tailor can fix them for you:
Go through the Basic Sentences covering up the Eng- a. dOubf ?atonnmytkoti go peihndinsbdde
lish and reading aloud the Burmese. Check up on any- b. ?atvumtnyd doubigott pethnctimbcidi
thing you do not know until you are sure of everything. c. Pacchon0Oatnt1 2atutnmyt1 OA; chats?
Nihndinadde
3. What Would You Say? (Individual Study) S. You tell him that you would like to buy some
Read aloud each of the following and then pick out pants:
the expression yn' think most suitable: a. con? btitonbitnyt2 wejinde
You have taken a room In a Burman's house and you b. con? Peittfintyd hntifinde
want to see about getting things straightened up. c. cou? htkiteht clfinde
1. You ask where you can get a shave: 6. He says that you can buy some in some of the
a, badti shabin Imp? peandintiaM stores in the market:
b. badti mousshei? yeii peihndin6aM a. pyissf Pantyouzartn yahndinthcide
c. badti belumbi chore? peihnciineale b. zeidega. ?awusshditnhnt tvehndinthdde
c. cheihinttnytt wihndimbdde
2. The Burman says that you will have to call a
barber: 7 . You ask him where the tailor is:
a, anbi khoyaleimnte a. Pacchon0Bantti bet:oldie
b. ?acchotteeatnti khoyaleitntne b. phanacchounana badttle
c. shabin littyaBeama klidyaleimtne c. shabin IntyaBOanut gi6attl
18-C] 103
 8. He tells you that the tailor is In the market : b. 9akhh yei Owtt thaucchinde
a. phanacchoneaattot widowed dlytodgdu c. akhh thatntn dwd sdJh
idde
b. *NMI Peindehmd Heidi 10. He gives you a cake of soap and a couple of
c. Pacchou00amd didehmd towels:
a, dihtnd shappyd taddunne
9. You tell him that now you would like to go and tnyethnaeouppawd
take a bath: b. dihmd shappyd laddunne
a. 2akh1 yei thvd chOufinde tnyethnaeouppawd hnathe

SECTION DLISTENING IN

1. What Did You Say? 3. Listening In

Give your answers in Burmese for each of the exer With your book closed, listen to the following con.
cises in the preceding section, Then give the English versations as read by the Guide or phonograph record.
equivalents of all the expressions in the exercise. The Repeat the Burmese immediately after hearing it. After
Group Leader will direct your work. the first repetition of each conversation, check up on
the meaning of anything you do not understand, by
2. Word Study Check-Up asking someone else or by going back to the Basic Sen.
As you have done in the preceding units, go back to knees if no one knows. Repeat again if necessary, then
the Word Study and give the correct Burmese for each take parts and carry on the conversation.
English expression, without having fo read it from the
book. The Group Leader or one of the members of the 1. Mr. Williams has a lot of dirty clothes and needs
group should read the English, a haircut and a shave. He asks what to do about it.
104 [8D]
Record 1811$ sitar 1st spiral, Record 1S8) after 2nct
tnduts tutlydts: hbi ttseisshwiljt Wan bd win, tndyNd, be mdun witydn: coo pasvumtny4 souP Wide
OuNimatbuie ?acchou0Sankigdu khittsbyd eittaki
mdun bd win: mdbaye, mdun khitsbyd ttsayild mdun 64 win: elbddi
mdun Isduveutt hitt chow?
mdbdye, tneisshweift mdun bs, win Peihndinsbddt
mdun NI win: khimbyd Pakhis be Otodmalbult tnduts totlydts: Oh shdin behmdle
mdun cola Pawummyd ddubl Oibbu doubt mdun ttidthmd Stbdde
thdiveu kW 1d neide Otthijineaki
khinsbyd eitYaldi tndun ntkh4 Otedjindi
mdun bd win: coulle *Wail di teinthmd, doubt shaMnlC hnyacchitude
shdin tdlldu, eau? ihaviiin Mat A4bits hnyasshdin Medd
mdun shdin Welt ndun bd teidehmd shabin hnyasshdin libddi
shabln hnyasshdivga shabits hnyanatnd
mdun 61 sobs: hdu shdin ddubi shdimbe kduvgdun htlyaP peihndimbdde
mdun wilydn: win adasou mdun isdumbdbf
cou? Pakhh shabtn Owd hnyatntne,
2. They go on talking. hhimbytile hnyacchinVold
nags 64 tan: mahnyatchimbil, cou2 matsbige hnyalle
Repeated on the records: mdun talydn: kdumbdbi, coukkou /shawl s4uts sdibd

(8-DJ 105
 SECTION E-- CONVERSATION

1. Covering the Burmese in Palk Sentences units, begin to converse by following the models out-
(Individual Study) lined below fairly closely; then change the situations
somewhat. Invent new combinations of subject matter.
Cover the Burmese of the Basis Sentences and prac-
tice saying the Burmese equivalents of the English 1. You have jtist rented a room and want to get
cleaned up. You ask the landlord where you can find a
expressions. barber-shop. He tells you that you will have to call a
2. Vocabulary CheckUp barber, that in country towns there aren't any barber-
shops. You ask him if the barber will shave you too,
Give the Burmese expressions for the English equiva-
and he tells you.
tents in the Basic Sentences as the Group Leader calls
for them. 2. You discuss the problem of getting your clothes
washed and repaired. You ask about the laundry situa-
3. Conversation tion, the location of a tailor, a shoe-maker, etc, You are
As you have done in the Conversation in the previous told that you can find all these in the market.

SECTION FCONVERSATION (Cont.)

Continue the conversations started in Section E, with Pathe interior
a review of parts 1 and 2 of the section if necessary. Pawn? garment
Patvusshdin clothing store
Finder List pants, trousers
bdumbi
9a9 needle
Pacchounamt3 tailor chili foot, leg
all kinds cheiPei? sock
Pamythozciuts
108
doodle sews, sews up phanaccholuMantd shoemaker
chwei sweat Phanactoit shoe laces
chtveigdn bdumbi underpants, shorts pyinde repairs, put a in order
chweigdn ?HO undershirt pyissi object, article, thing
dfde is big
au rope, cord, string shabin hair of the head
shabin hnyasshdin barber shop
dajdun for that reason shabin hnya00antel barber
d4uJi launderer shappyd soap
visitor, guest sosaie is torn, rent
let bag, sack souyetnde is concerned, worried
Peing coat, jacket, shirt 16di washes (clothes, hair)
?Unfits landlord
hnatoun two, cakes, lumps, blocks forest, jungle
hnyalte cuts (as with scissors) itlywd country village
Nosy& nation, kind of people eamd one skilled in some work
macdniacd often wide buys
mousshei? beard yade gets, obtains
yeihnd face yei2ei cold water
tnyeihnaeouppawd face towel yeintvei warm water
nya night yeitte reaps, mows, shaves
peibbu for the purpose of giving Ywd village
Plana? shoe tei market, price

(8-F) 1147
 UNIT
LET'S EAT
SECTION ABASIC SENTENCES
Go once through the Basic Sentences in unison, then do the Hints on Pronunciation, and then go twice more
through the Basic Sentences Individually.

I. Basic Sentences
Mr. Williams and Mr, Sein Nyun go to a restaurant, order a meal, and pay for it.
Record 16A, be g.
MUSH INSUIVALINTS AIDS TO LIMNING
mdun tollydn
is hungry shdde
I'm hungry* coup shdde
is thirsty yeti voile
I'm thirsty, caul yet voile
food and drink stisayd Baussayd
Can you get gnglish meats in this village? d4 yukihmd Pipgateifl stleayd Coaussayd yahtsdintrakl
mdun sutn ny4n
No, you can't, mayahruiimbil
Omitted in first repetition.
10$ 19-Al
 big city nlytfuji
only in big cities myoujihnuied
You can get (them) only in big cities. myardthmdVci yahndinde
mdun wilydn
just in a restaurant thamtnedinshmdbe
If that's the case, we'll have to eat in a Chinese dildu shouyin, tayou? thatntnzdimhmdbe sdyame
restaurant.
which is good kdunde
Do you know a good restaurant? kdunde thaminedin 8t ald
mdun sein nyhn
road (street) Mn
which exists
best ?akdunedun
the very best Pakdtenzaumbe
The shop on the street on that side is the best. heube? klmhtnd Sidi shdin Paktiuntoumbe
proprietor shaingin
oneself kouddin
just oneself (and no one else) kOuddimbe
cooks theta
The proprietor himself does the cooking. shairlin kouddimbe theta
This shop is the restaurant. di shdin thaminzdimbe
Let's go in. win Owdjazbu
what curries bd hin bd himmyd
What curries do you have? bd bin bd himmyd liVaM
19Al 109
 shainlin
complete assortment ?asdlin
(everything included, an even number, a pair)
all kinds of curries htmnsyduatin
We have all kinds of curries. htniniyehizonn hbdde
tndun skin nyhn
bowl (cup, anything of similar shape) Owe?
fries code
fried vegetables hin63 hinyweee6
Give us a bowl of pork curry, a bowl of fried vegetables, tve09dhin lakhwe2, hin61 hin-yiveced lakhwe?, htnidu
a bowl of soup, and some rice. takhtvenne thamfmniyd peibd

Record 16B, beginning.

shainlin
hand (arm) le?
Do you want to eat with your fingers (Burmese fashion)? lenne sdfinbaiti
mdun sein nytin
As for me, I'll eat with my fingers. eau? ?alive? lenne same
spoon, stln
fork khayln
As for my friend, give him a spoon and a fork. con? meilshevei ?atm?, ;Anne khayin peibd
lie doesn't know how to eat with his fingers Burmese 9d bansdlou Jenne otaseidapph4
fashion.
What Is there to drink? betntyd Oaupphets Male
110 19-A]
 shainlin
wine eaby-iyyei
whiskey htye
We have tea, coffee, beer, wine, whiskey. lapheyyei, kdpki, Oabyiyyei, Pay0 add

mdun stein nyhn

first pathama
bottle paltn
brings (takes) ltdi
First bring two bottles of beer. pathaytna blycl hnapaltn ytigebd

shainfin
other (besides (this)) itvyin
need (want, lack, desire) ?a lou
Is there anything else you want? di pyin bcfmyti Paiou lit eiVaM

mdun stain nyttn

one pack of cigarettes stgard tabt2
one box of matches tntji2 taldun
Give us a pack of cigarettes and a box of matches. stgare? saki tntjiP taldun peibd

shainkin
right now Pakhhbe
I'll go and bring 'em right now. Pakhhbe Ow4 ytt ldgetne
one table sabwe lakh4
finishes Pfde
I've fixed up a table for you. khin:byeldon fatwO sabwe lakhh pyin pibi
(9Al 111
 mdun sein nyhn
one chair kalathdin taldun
is needed (lacking, wanting) Mudi
We're still short a chair. kalathdits taldun 16utitide
dish (fiat plate) pagdmbyd
round bowl (cup) pagdttlOun
one of something flat tacha?
bring (further) ysl Id &Nue
Bring two plates and a cup. pdgdmbyd httachanne pagdnldun latclun yst ldbOdun
Record 17A, beginsilag.
shainlin
knife dd
one of something long and slender lachdun
Here's a fork, a knife, and a spoon for the American. dihnui Patneiyikdn khayin lachdun, dd tachdan,
tan tachdun
mdun sein nyhtt
washes with water sheide
water for washing the hands shtibbu yti
Where can I get some water to wash my hands? 10 sheibau y4.1 behmdle
I want to wash my hands. le? shtijinde
shaitain
Wash In this bowl. di khwelthehmd sktAibd
hand towel leeeouppavx1
Here's a handtowel. dihtnd leagouppawd
They finish their meal, thamin sd ptbi
112 [9-A1
 mdun sin nyhn
what is cooked (cooking) chetld
because he eats sdlbu
Your cooking is very good. khimby4 chetki sdldu 9ei2 kdambddd
all Pdidun
adds pdunde
costs (comes to) Mite
Altogether, how much does it cost? pdun b4lauP cdtiale
Pd !dun
4 rupees, less a quarter leg& malltra
It costs 3 rupees, 12 annas. itijaP tnalltn cdde
$ quarters (1 R. 4 annas) vdmaP
One bottle of beer 1 R. 4 annas. biyirt tabaltn varnaP
2-% rupees hnacakkhwe
Two bottles, 2-h rupees. hnapaltn hnacakkhwe
which was eaten thamtn sticle
For the food, I rupee. thamtn sdcle PatweP tajaP
one quarter (4 annas) tanlaP
For the cigarettes and matches, 4 annas. stgarenne myiP Paiute? lama?
All together 3 r. 12. Pa :dun pelun leijaP matan

Record 17A, after spiral. 4 annas, Yi rupee tams?

Burmese coins 8 annas, / rupee vdm4
1 pie tabdin 1 rupee
1 pice tab yd
1 anna tabe Before you go through the Basic Sentences a second
2 annas lama time, study the following:
[9A] i13
 2, Riots on Pronunciation Record 17B, after 1st spiral.
PRACTICE 2
Listen to the Guide or the voice on the phonograph
records say the following list of the money system as vabe . 5 annas
Minima . ... 6 annas ,
used in Burma. Repeat after him paying particular at- .... 7 annas
tendon as before to the rise and fall of his voice. vania 8 annas, 5 rupee
koube 9 annas
Record 178, beginning. tonnua 10 annas
PRACTICE she labe 11 annas
Mumma? 12 annas, rupee
labyd 1 pice, 3 anna
httaPyd... 2 pice, anna Record 17B, after 2nd spiral.
tabs 1 anna PRACTICE 3
Lama 2 annas Odumma? Labe 13 annas
shebyti 2 annas fruidfn . 14 annas
Odurabi 3 annas taja? plItn 15 annas
4 annas, 34 rupee tajaP 16 annas, 1 rupee
tame

SECTION B- -WORD STUDY

1. Word Study (Individual Study) a dollar, If we say that the rupee is worth approxi
mately thirty-two cents we get convenient figures for
A. Money comparison, as follows: tajd 32 cents; prima, 16 cents;
The Burmese money system like the system In India lama?, 8 cents; tam4, 4 cents; Labe 2 cents; itnaPyd, 1
is based on the rupee. Sixteen annas make one rupee. cent; taby4 A cent.
Four pice make one anna. Three pies make one Al. Don't be misled by logic into considering tibia as
In normal times the rupees are worth about three for five times as big as lama. It is not. tiehn4 is 8 annas, and
114 [9B]
tam4 is 2 annas, Similarly chaumm4 is 10 annas, not six already discussed. Now let's look at some of the exam.
times as big as lam4. There is an explanation for this. pies of general particles.
Before the Burmas began to use the Indian system of
the rupee of sixteen units, they had a decimal system. 1. she, (-be)
At that time vdm4 was one half of WO. When they ?akhhbe Owtt yii ldebme I'll go and bring them
changed to the new system the old name was retained. right now.
Notice the following groupings: di shdin thamintdimbe This shop is the (very)
restaurant.
lobe lama lama? raja? mtldin layon? thamintdimhmdbe We'll have to eat In a
Odumbe Odummtl Odsnma? raja? pearl sdyame Chinese restaurant
vibe vdm4 iaja2 (and no place else).
hhannape chattmos4 dl thamintdin Paktiumedumbe This restaurant Is the
kdobe very best.
she lobe shdinkin kauddimbe chili The proprietor himself
(and nobody else) does
For amounts over a rupee you have heard veing0, the cooking,
that is, 5 quarters or 1 and a quarter. lajakkhwe 13i con? yei ?gibe chdume I'll bathe with cold water
rupees. ltija2 main 'four rupees less a quarter.' This is (and with nothing
the same pattern as tab? m4din one rupee less 2 annas, else.)
or raja? Nan one rupee less one alma,
-phe (-be) is a general particle and indicates that the
B. General Particles noun expression to which it is attached is emphasised.
There is no very good way in English to translate this
In Unit 3 we discussed final particles. In Unit 5 we particle. In the examples above some of the possible
called your attention to noun particles. In Unit 7 we translations have been given.
talked about secondary particles. We pointed out that
particles never stand alone but are always part of 2.
larger expressions. There is another group of these coot sayei I, too, am a clerk.
syllables that never stand alone, and these we call Odle di Peinthmd neilinde He also wants to live in
general particles to distinguish them from the ones this house.
[9:.-131 115
Oatousimyclle ldJsnde I want my clothes dildu hdunde This way it is good.
washed, too. dildu louppd Do it this way.
moussheilla yeithrtdind4 He can also shave you.
-Mu Is a general particle and indicates the manner in
-le is a general particle and is translated as 'also' or which something is or is to be done. It is possible often
'too.' to translate it into English as 'fashion, manner, way.'
There are a few more of these general particles which
3. -mcl you will meet in later lessons. We shall explain them as
I don't want to do any we come to them.
bdm4 malousehimb4
thing (lit. I don't want phau, -sayd
to do nothing). ant? neibbu nelyd gd 'aide I am looking for a place
bdrna maloupphd Now he doesn't do any to live.
thing. bamyd OaupphOu Male What is there to drink?
beg6umd maOwdb4 Pm not going anywhere. bamyd sdbau Oaupphbu liValt What is there to eat and
bdma keissi There is no business, drink?
tayaumma mallba There isn't even one per - Abate silo spoon for eating
son. le? sheibau yi water for washing the
hands
ttla is a general particle and emphasizes the negation
in a negative sentence. In English translation this 4114u is a particle that makes nouns out of verbs. It
particle, if translated, would result in a double negative generally denotes purpose, permission, and can genera
such as 'I don't want to do nothing' or 'I'm not going ally be translated by the English to or 'for'. It Is some-
nowhere.' In some cases, as in the last of the examples, thing like the ending -able in such words as English
it is possible to Indicate the emphasis. eatable, livable, etc.
di ywdhmd ?ivedlei? sehayd Can you get English
4. -16u eaussayd yanndirt6a14 meals in this v111$10?
ddgou bamdldu bd khelale What is that called in todsay4 ltdd I have to go (lit. there
Burmese (Burma- existi the necessity of
fashion), going).
116 (9-131
°who'd kdunde it is good to go (for 2. Covering English and Burmese of Word Study
going), (Individual Study)
-sod is another particle that makes nouns out of Check yourself on your knowledge of the Word Study
verbs. It generally denotes purpose, necessity and can by covering, first the English, then the Burmese, and
generally be translated by 'to, for'. It serves much the making sure you know everything thoroughly.
same function as -pilau. The main difference is that 3. Review of Basic Sentences
nouns formed with -phOu serve more often as modifier With the Guide or records, review the first half of the
in noun expressions. Basic Sentences as in previous units.

SECTION CREVIEW OF BASIC SENTENCES

1. Review of Basic Sentences (Cont.) 1. You suggest to your friend that you go and have
Review the second half of the Basic Sentences. dinner in a Chinese restaurant:
a. kaki ihamtntdimhnkibe died eauccasou
2. Covering the English of Basic Sentences b, taye0 thaminaimiondbe Oud sdjdsau
c. tayou? thamtnsdivgabe ya hide
(Individual Study)
2. He says he knows a good restaurant:
Go through the Basic Sentences covering up the Eng-
a, kdunde thaminsdin
lish and reading aloud the Burmese. Check up on any- b, hoube? idmhmd ItdZ shdin Paktiunsdumbe
thing you do not know, until you are sure of everything. c. khimbya chettd kaumbcide
3. What Would You Say? 3. He says that this is the very restaurant!
a. mybujihntded yahndinde
Read aloud each of the following and then pick out b. di shalt; tayou9 thamttadin
the expression you think most suitable: c. di shdin thaminzdfnibe
[a-C] 117
 4. You suggest that you and he go in: b. thamin nnyelne lapheyyll kdphi Ablide
a. win 0100 Oti c. lapheyyei, kdphi, Oabyinei, ?aye? gibdde
b. thwe2 Owe ljdzott 8. You say you want to wash your hands:
C. wise ldbd
a. coup shabirt hnyacchinde
S. The proprietor asks what you would like to eat b. Oil yei clufujirde
and drink: c, coutteu le? sheijinde
a, lenne stijintfald 9. He says that the water for washing your hands
b, d3 pyin bdmyd ldujineale Is in that bowl:
c. bdmyd stub: eaucchintale a. Mt khwetthehmd le? sheibdu yei gide
6. You ask him what there is to eat and drink: b. hOtt sabwehmd Owl thdimbd
c. yeti chOugeht ?auphmd gide
a. &tufa himmyd gradd
b. bdmyd sdbbtt eaupphh Male 10. You finish eating and he tells you that alto
c, himmyduzdutt yahndiaald gether it costs 4 rupees, 12 annas:
a. Mithin pawl chauccakkhwe cdde
7. He says he has all kinds of curries: b. adleun paws vtija? mina cade
a. himmyoutoun Itbddl c. Pdloun palm khdtinaca/ lama? We

SECTION D-- LISTENING IN

1. What Did You Say? 2, Word Study Cheek-Up
Give your answer in Burmese for each of the exercises As you have done in the preceding units, go back to
in the preceding section, Then call for them, give the the Word Study and give the correct Burmese for each
English expression, without having to read it from the
English equivalents of all the expressions in the exer. book. The Group Leader or one of the members of the
the. The Group Leader will direct your work. group should read the English,
H8 [9D1
 3. Listening In mint; sein nyhn: 0)bdde
With your book closed, listen to the following conver- zlidehmd fide batnd thamtnzdin
Paktitinaumbe
sations as read by your Guide or phonograph record.
Repeat the Burmese immediately after hearing it. After mdun klambyd Stat sdbileatti
the first repetition of each conversation, check up on mdun sein nyhn: cord macdmacd .94 shdimiondbe sod
the meaning of anything you do not understand, by sdbdde
asking someone else or by going back to the Basic mdun witydn: himmydusdun yahndin'dald
Sentences If no one knows. Repeat again if necessary, mdun sein *Ian: htmtnyouaun yahndimbddi
then take parts and carry on the conversation. mdun wtlydn: kdumbt, owd stljdedu
1. Mr. 'Williams meets Mr. Sein Nyun on the street. 2. They come to the restaurant.
Unit 11B, after 3rd spiral. Record 17B, after 4th spiral.
mdun wilydn: meisshweijt mdun se-in nyhn, khimbyd mdun sein nyhn: h6u shdin thamtnzdimbE
Pakhh begd ldttale n :dun wilydn: ?athegdu winjasbu
mdun sein nyhts: daloukkd pydn ldde
klambyd be Owdmaldule bdmyd stifin Oaucchintiala
mdun totlydn: myaudegou khand Owdmaloube mdun sein nyhn: bdmyd sdbou Baupphou giOale
mdun se-in nyttn: bd keissale sainfin: thamln hImmytine lapheyyei kdpkt
atbd,de
mdun totlydn: cou? nene shdde eabyiyyeimydle yahndimbge
dd/ctnn Peivgd thweP hide
lasmonald mdun se-In nyhn: kdumbdbi
ce0Odhtn hnakhwe2, Pameldhin
mdun sein nyiin: begoute takhteeP, htnpu tapagdnne Montt;
mdun witydn: th a Plitnzdiugou yligngt
kdunde thamtneinou MaM shain§t n: d3 pyin bdmyd 16ujineale
(9-b) 119
mdun s4.111 ttylint eabyiyyti laballn yagtbd Record OBI after 5th spiral,
couttou talwe2 sabwA pyin ptbald
mdun couP moussheP yetcchinde
n yeinwei liVaM
ham sabt»Phoi Owd thdimbd
tndutt skin nylon coultau 10 shiijinde
Main: mallbt1
lettouppawdne shappyd Wald co0 k6uddinle 'Mint moussheR
yeitte
shaitals: Itbddl
hou khwelthelond 1e2 sheibou yeila mdun ittllydts: tnyethna0auppawdne shappyd behmdle
gibddt yeichdugdndehmd,tnyethttaDouPpawiint
mdun skin ttyttn: khltnbyd sdbou tultste khaytts shappyd taddun libddi
loujineald khimbytt Pawld
tndun wtlydn: tnalAujiinbt2 mdun totlydnz chwtivin bdumbt chwtigdn Ptinjitte
co/4P lenne schni chisPeimmyd 16finde
3. Mr. Williams gets ready to shave. Plittnn: (Ronal nyd ddubig6u peihnditnbdde

SECTION B--CONVERSATION

1. Covering the Burmese In Basic Sentences 2. Vocabulary CheckUp

(Individual Study) Give the Burmeseexpresslonsior the English equiva-
Cover the Bur mese of the Basic Sentences and prac- lents in the Bask Sentences as the Group Leader calls ,
lice saying the Burmese equivalents of the English
expressions. for them.

120 (9E]
 3, Conversation the two of you go there to eat. You go in and talk to
As you have done in the Conversation in the previous the proprietor about the choice of foods and dknks.
units, begin to converse by following the models out- You order, and finishing eating, pay the charge.
lined below fairly closely; then change the situations
somewhat. Invent new combinations of subject matter. 2. After dinner you and your friend decide to look
for a room. You ask the prop. :etor of the restaurant if
1. You ask your friend where he's going. He says he he knows of a place to live. He gives you some sug-
is hungry and wants to eat. You ask him if he knows a gestions and you go off to look. You visit several places
good restaurant. He ,says he does, and suggests that asking about rooms.

SECTION F-- CONVERSATION (Cons.)

Continue the conversations started in Section E with code fries
a review of parts 1 and 2 of the section if necessary,
dd
Finder List pyin hr, besides this
oktnifee
akdunsours best himmyduedun all kinds of curries
?alaluttedumb$ the very best hfnat hInlweccd fried vegetables
Palots want, lack, desire, need hnacakkhwe two rupees and a half; 212.8
2/116uu pd tin altogether halathdin taloun one chair
Pasd ?aSau? food and drink Mundt'
Pasdun which is good
complete assortment, every- khayfn
thing included, an even khwe? cup, p, bowl, anything of sim-
number, a pair ilar shape
9.1ye, whiskey kOuddin oneself
cad4 costs, comes to, kouddimb6 just oneself
chettd cooking Mn
chette cooks
road, street
le? hand, arm
[9-P) 121
 four rupees, less a quarter; shdd4 Is hungry
WA! main sh4inlin proprietor
3R.12 washes with water
Mule is lacking, wanting, needed sheide
stgard tabtl one pack of cigarettes
mtiP taut; one box of matches
_

inybujt big city .fide which exists

tnyoujthmdild only in big cities one of something flat
lacha?
vdtHaP five quarters; 111.4 lachdun one of something tong and
fiat plate, dish slender
pagdmby4 onc ,,uarter; 4 annas
pagdniduts round bowl, cup lama,
bottle !bombs via which he eats
polio
Paih ama first Oabyiyyti wine
Ode finishes
pyinde fixes, arranges yei valie Is thirsty
one table pl(16 brings,- takes
L^,
oakv$ takhii eats spoon
sellau because he eats

122 19Fl
 UNIT
SEEING THE SIGHTS
SECTION ABASIC SENTENCES
Go once through the Basic Sentences In unison, then do the MO on Pronunciation, and then go twice more
through the Basic Sentences individually.
1. Basic Sentences
Mr. Thun Min and Mr. Henderson see the sights.
Record 18Ai beginning.
MOWN 1421.11VALINTS AIDS TO LISTINING

mdun 10,n min

walks around Pau? /efie
Where do you want to go for a walk? begdu Pau? lefineal8
Mr. Henderson
I want to walk around (in) the city and look (at the di mybudegOu fau9 lE clfinde
sights].
mdun thfin min
first, (prior time) %in
Where do you want to go first? begOu ?ayin Owdfinaale
(10-A] 123
 Mr. Henderson
Where ever you want to go (Go to the place to which khimbyti thotlfinde neiydgdu Swdbd

follow. hip/Anti
mdun than tntn
pagda
o
Shwe Dagon Pagoda tag6un phayd
First let's go to the Shwe Dagon Pagoda. pathatna iagdun phaytigou Ototijaiate
Mr, Henderson
Is distant Wide
Now far Is it? bilet0 weittal6
mdun Ado min
walks Mn gaulie
mile otan
about a mile iondinksuP
If you walk, you'll have to go about three or four miles. kin $40 °WA:, °dun Mouth:140 Owtiyadi
street car dayyathd
ticket lePhm0
one ticket lephm0 lasdutt
a market in Rangoon OtInJtzEi
If you go by street ear from the market to the pagoda, dayyaihdne MIAs, Oeinji Aga, phayddu ,1ePhosat
a ticket costs 2 Mee. tasdun htsaPyti cc di
Mr. Henderson
rickshaw Idnehd
--If you go by rickshaw, how much will it cost? kinchtine Owdyin, belauf edmale
124 110-Ai
 mdun than *tan
It'll probably cost about 4 annas, 1 think. tamallauP thistde
Mr. Henderson
automobile m61614
how about if you go Ourdyittgd
How about if you go by automobile? motadt4 Owdyivgef, b?nde
mdun than min
half a rupee tidtral
12 annas 06unitna?
It will probably come to about a half a rupee or twelve vdma OdummallauP ealUmme. Mina
annas, (I think).
Record 18B, beginning.
A street car is already coming over there. hOuhrnd dorthd td neitri
Let's get on, te4cat,414

Mr, Henderson
in front (of), (before) Ibi
brick building tai?
What's that big brick building up ahead called? Seiga taieet, bd taicelk)u klygala
mdun than mtn
Jubilee Hall jilbalihd
building for work of business), (booth, shed) yOun
"the big Jubilee
J Hall Bldg." jdbalfhO younPu
It's called "the big Jubilee Hall building." jabalihd ybunfilbu kh6d6
110-Al 125
 Mr. Henderson
meaning adeipb1
I don't understand the meaning of the expressionitibolihd jabalihd slid:1dd Fadeipbe na maleba
mdun than min
explains pyd Pyade
We Burmans can't explain the meaning either. cotaiou band ttbnydule,Padeipbe bdle shdudd, pyd
maPyahndintba
It's really English, I think. Piugalei9 tagdbe, thinde
Now we've arrived at the pagoda. Pakhh phaydgdu yauppi
Let's get off. shinjasbu
Mr. Henderson
upper part of a pagoda Phaydbd
Can we Americans go up to the upper part of the pagoda .coultbu Patneiyadn lamydu phaydb4g6u ie2 cthndiaald
and look (at it).
mdun than min
lower part Pau2
takes off ehutte
If you take off your shoes down below, you can go up Paukka phattaP cht4P Otot !yin, tee elhndimbdde
and look.
upper part Poo
wears (as shots), rides Ode
You can't go up to the upper part wearing shoes. Pa Mon phanaP st id maOwdhndimba
anybody badatn ashdu
time Pakhd
time at which (he) goes °wide Pakhd
126 110-Al
When anybody goes to the pagoda he has to take oft badtimashon phaydg6ti fruxIde pharta2 ch0
his shoes (and go). Otudyide
Is complete sdunde
so that it is complete sonn,dun
Now we've finished seeing the whole pagoda. ?ak1u phayeigou sounPdutt, ct Mb"
Record 19A, beginning.
is near ntde
not very far mant mold"
animal tareisshdn
zoo tareisshdnyoun
There's a zoo not very far from the pagoda. phaydna manf matveihmd lareisshdnyoun alde
Mr. Henderson
If we ride in a rickshaw, how much will it cost? ktnchOna s Owdyin, bela0 ptiyarnale
;noun than Ink
It'll probably cost 3 annas. Odumbe peiyalairnme

Mr. Henderson
two rickshaws kinchti hnasf
There come two rickshaws. houhtnd ldnchd /mast Id neat
cal l kholaippd
Call one. last kholatippd
entrance fee witiga
How much is the admission (to the zoo)? ydun wfvga belaulla
(10A) 127
 tndun than Ott
adult ('big person')
child ('little') khalai
2 annas for an adult, 1 anna for a child. lajt lama, khalei ktbe
Let's go inside and look. Pathegdu win ajazdu
Mr. Henderson
this animal (emphatic) ' di tareisshdnhd
What's ibis animal called? di tareisshdnhd bd khdeate
tndun than min
leopard (cheetah) ectOP
It's called a' leopard". khdde
Mr. Henderson
elephant shin
Where's the elephant building? shinyoun behmdle
ft:dun than Mrs
That building up ahead is the elephant building host yOunhd, shinyoumbi
Mr. Henderson
how many (of animals) be hnakdun
How many elephants are there? shin be httakdun-liVale
mdun than min
little elephant shivgalei
There are three big elephants and two little ones. shinji Odupgdun shivgalei hnakdun
128 [10-Al
 Ur, Henderson
tiger
how about the tiger building cdyouvg6
How about the tiger building, where is it? cdy6uvg6, behmdie
mdun than min
behind na0
That building In back is the tiger building. hdu 'pukka plum cdy4umbe
Mr. Henderson
snake mwe
monkey mr
Are there snakes and monkeys? »stain myau? hiSaki
*dun than min
circumstance (cause, fact) ?acdun
about (the circumstance of) ?acdundo
Don't talk about snakes. rnw¢?acdundb mapyObdua
is plentiful de
Snakes are very plentiful in Burma. bamd pyiihttki mwei 060 Pat
Record 10B, beginn)ng.
,You-should be very nervous about snakes. mstia Paha'? s6141titiYade
any time 64 Paiduimeandu
attention (presence of mind) Own
Is careful 944 ihtide
(At any.time) Whenever you come or go, you have to be kakhdrnashou Otodde kide ?akhd each S44 fody444
go-olrefullY.
[10-Al lllg
 Before you go through the Balk &Wm,* a second
1St spiral.
time, study the followingt
Days al As we*
daY tasfvgato 2, PronunciatiOtiPtiOttce
onday kninhinei
fivgdnii Practice saying the days of the ....kek with special at-
esday
ednesday boutdohlinei tention to the rise and fail of the yoke. Say them over.
hursdaY aitrabndeinei until you an recite them without reference to the Iist,
riday Oauccdtai
Saturday' saneitai

suctiori B --WORD STUDY

friend' not 'big friend,' -saytiji lg !head or chief "clerk'
1. Word Study (Individual Study) not 'big clerk,' In some expressions two translations are
4. Verb expression modifiers possible as in the case of kyN1 which is either
country! or 'China' (inyont Ivo),
-I, Verbs which modify nouns often follow the noun,
i tttOtift 'big city' 2, Verb expressions are often made into
4911f)14 'city' -cea 'is
toicci _'big brick building' alone by means of a particle ,te which repItices:t 0, al
$2 girl* Itijt !big persoh, adult' V.0b.particlo.- e verb exPree0*:theti, preeec
:'person' y6fiti 3 'big office btilidi4" noun expre .tort it modifi es,
=

10 te t shin f 'big elephant

le -414
I, sh!--044:1!44. `tiaydg#1-, "the
0iiff151 go
0014) 'le "- :ft 0/144,1,00i: '00 dish,.. Otodde 40khd_ 'thine at which;
:round! _

#)144 tOk -44,?heri Oneeein

004 -Meaninf, of expressions' is'
ronf thepartOIref example; Weiss/041 Is
fri'M g- restau
 Idtraund shdin 'a shop on the street' translated either as a sign of the plural or as a sign of
ihamin soda Patel 'for the food, i.e. on account of indefiniteness or vagueness. As you remember front
having eaten' Unit 2, Burmans very often make no distinction be
the types of trtodification described in the foregoing tween singular or plural. Palattitt kdunde may be trans.
paragraphs are both quite common, 14 kdunde 'the per- fated either as 'the room is good' or 'the rooms are
son is gO0Cr# 14gaun 'good person', kdunde 14 'good per- good,' On the other hand Patousshdinsmyti may be
60)1, or, person who is good', The latter type is used translate4 either as 'clothing stores' or 'some clothing
where the modifying verb is itself modified: 14 00 store or other.'
Mode 'the person is very good' Bei? kdunde 14 'a very
good person, or, a person who is very good,' C.. More general particles
Notice that Pattve2, which we translate as 'account,
behalf, because', is a noun, and can be modified as 1. Ou
shown abovet soda ?ahve2 'for the food,' caOillau, It is called 'leopard'
The type of modifier in paragraph 2 can usually be Plbalthd youtsfilau khda It is called 'Jubilee 1-fall,'
translated by a 'which is s, who is construction leiga mica, 64 141441411.4 What's that big brick
in English I 'a restaurant which is good, etc.' khdtfala building up ahead _

B. ntydde (If ldpulstud, Mitt My friend said that there_

bdmyd what (indefinite) u, ceuP davefin was a laundry on this
bd Mm bd htnunyd what curries . oda street,'
Patoumutyd clothes
thei9eimmyd socks The general 'particle .Ott`rnarks_what precedes as a
Patousskdinonyd clothing stores quotation of another's speech.
.

---Asa fuli verb nsydde is usually translated as 'is much, bdOwdtttaOule Where are yott gc ing?-
is MOO,' When it is used as a modifier of a noun. it is ?Rug& Coudnialeu I'm going homes-
 If no verb expression follows, this particle often 2. Covering English and Burmese of Word Study
marks what precedes as intended: (Individual Study)
2. -14, (-0) Check yourself on your knowledge of the Word Study
cdydungo, blIsmd tt How about the tiger build. by covering, first the English, then the Burmese And
ing, where is it? making sure you know everything thoroughly,
nuStdkdne owdyivAblittie How about if you go by
automobile?
khitsbytigd How about you? 3. Review of Basic Sentences
The general particle -14, (-0) is translated, as 'what With the Guide or records, review the first half of the
of, how about', and so on, It appears only in questions, Basic Sentences as in previous units.

SECTION CR'. ,VIEW OF BASICS SENTENCES

I. Review of Basic Sentences (Cont.) 1. You ask a friend whether he wants to see the
sights:
Review the second half of the Basic Sentences, a. begOu fayin Owdjinlale
2. Covering the English of Basic Sentences b. Mn fau? guidjint'aki
.
c. di tnyauclegdu SW U ajineaki
(Individual Study)
Go through the Basic Sentences covering up the Eng. 2. He suggests going to the Pagoda firatt
fish and reading aloud the Burmese. Check up on any- a. Othatnd deitsji dig& dioctidebu
thing you do not know, until you are sure of everything. b. pothatrld Mayclgdu 00,140u
c, pathaittdtareisshdn-ydun Owd,14)u
3. What Would You Say? (Individual Study)
Read aloud each of the following and then pick out 3, He asks- how far itIst
the expr,ession you think most suitable: a. beia0 tviti#ait
132 (10-G1
 b. WO alfala 7. You tell him 2 annas for adults, 1 anna for chit.
cs belauP catual6 dren:
4.. You say there is a pagoda not far from the zoo: a. lift 14m4, khalet labO
a, phaydne tuattirsawilhmd tartissluin-yOuts b. traimtud tames yauccd vargig
Add c. lephmaP kadun huapyd
b. lareisshdune tuantmatatihtn4 phayd
a. etinfizeiga phaydgou lephtua? taiduu 8. He asks the name of an animal he sees:
httapyd cad.1 a, 144gcl Oka, bd laiccflau kinftfale
b. ddgdu bamdt6u bd khdtiale
5. You tell him that you think it will probably cost c. di lareissiuluhd, bd khdthal$
4 annas to go by rickshaw:
a. iduchdue Owdyiu, tamallau2 calitume, 9. You tell him that it is called a tiger:
thinde
b. dayyalhan Oudyln, hnapyd caleitum4, a. hdu saukka yOuu edy6umbe
thinde b. jabaliltd ydunfilon khOde
a. mdklkdnt etudyin, vdmt1 a, cdldu khddi

6. He asks what the admission fee is: 10. He suggests that you call a rickshaw:
a. 2athegdu tots cljasbu a. idttchd hnast kluged
b. ydun wig belau112 b. Idnchd last khdlap
c, cd yduvgd, behtnalt a. :duck) last 14 OW
 SECTION D LISTENING IN
1. What Did You Say? 1, Mr. Thun Min and Mr. Henderson go to the zoo.
Give your answers in Burmese for each of the exer- Record 19B, after 2nd spiral,
cises in the preceding section. Then give the English tndun than min: rtigonN begdu thottftstale
equivalents of all the expressions in the exercise. The toroisskinyetiog6 thwdfincle
24 htindosin:
Group Leader will direct your work, a mybuhtnd tareissh4n-ydutt Maki
tndun than min: hinide
2. Word Study Check-Up hhttnbyti connne 2attIchietv4 cif nVald
As you have done in the preceding units, go back to 24 landasint digcl bilatt0
the Word Study and give the correct Burmese for each tndun than min; nine ton&
English expression, without having to read it from the Mn sou0 euttlyin, tandyt hnotaytkiu?
booki 'the Group Leader or one of the members of the Owelyade
group should read the English. 2i2 landahs: ldnehdne ft Nodhndintralet
_ . nufun than nits: Otathetditnbifde
3i Listening In khimbyel kinchd sfbilOalti
With yoUr book closed, listen to the following conver- 24 h4indastn: cou0 kinchel tigailbtati
Idnehdneb$'00djaast
sations,ns react by the' Guide phonograph record. ,041thid Wad 001400
Repeat the Burmese Immediately after hearing it. Aftl,r
the pot repetitiOn of each conversation, check up on :414tift 04ti On:
het' , )4nc1444g44

the:meaning -_ot anything. you do not understand, by 14t141teiattu_l: khitit4tiddu Ogifist,ote:=,

asking someone tUO 01',1$y going biek to .Basic Sreh tiidtin khan thin: kodsitto;idist1144-ovitiowe'
ktilel it no one knows., again if necessary_ ,' then bilett$2,PHAttlM
take Oartticip4 carry the'cohVeriation, = ktnch4tium odurrim0_
tn4Iiii man ttstw214 hdrulasith 142 ihclimb4 24 Igindasin: dtiond taja?
24 ,114tuksin 010:by4id tams? Patwel keiss4 nieltb4
ft141) than min: count ddimitti 004044: Pattly4J1 c$04 litbda, khitilby4
24 Itiftatuto: lottihniti 0044
coi42 myeugOu cifits44' 2. Mr. Williams looks, for a movie.
i4ttek4210tit4: kanitanitri Retot.4 1,0B, after 3rd spittle
hindasi,n: hOu 'hay& lid 01041.0 *dips wtlydnr
ftvia $4g6144 Ph4Y4m youlsittalive behttufie
mkt: th4g min; houPpddi nuitot ests: Oeirkit tnatifMalviihnid
iw togdun phayelbdb8 »Outs wily4n: deoyothotte Ow4hts4401414 17!

phayabogou c2 cifitsVatd
Pakh4 k2 mackfinteib4
tndun ein: Ow4hit4indi,
24 hdtutasin:
kreisskinydupgdu Pa* ewd cijitule mints wilydn: lephma2 todun Motile
kinchtlearnd: taitissluittyOuvgdu oda Owdyamaid *chin ein: hnapyd
Wan man min: tea ()Wad truism wilydn:' yauXlitntot, totvga bekulle
24 h4ttdostn: mayaneftibald nninti 140: irijs 4m41 kholti tatita2
14nch4Vam4; Pakh4.,tareisskinuy6un youttt MONkel Des! mY444'
shfrnb4 Oat th4 Oto414

SECTION,,
1. Covering the Butineee in Basic Sentences Vocabulary Chech-110
(Individual Study), _

`Covet. the 13u esti 61 the bosio Setae:go and p; ac.

Glie'theurttiteeeeRpt**01 (ciittfie.#4114-0,
tie° saying the titineSe_ equivalents off the Piglish lento the Basic soyof co is- 440 1$;!4 11
_ ,
expression's. Tor theiif;',
 3. Converattion 2. You go to a pagoda. You want to go in and Burman
reminds you that you have to take off your shoes
As you 'have done In the Conversation of the previous
before you go up.
units, begin to converse by following the models out-
lined below fairly closely; then change the situations 3, You take a ride on various conveyances. You discuss
somewhat, invent new combinations of subject matter. the prices of the rides and the distances.
1. Let one of the group pretend to be a Burman. Ask
him about seeing the sights. Have him suggest 4. You go to a zoo and talk about the various animals
places to go, you see,

SECTION F-- CONVERSATION (Cont.)

Continue the conversations started in Section E, with tiger
a review of parts t and 2 of the section if necessary. caSP leopard, cheetah
chore takes off, doffs
Finder List dayymhd street car, trolley
hsoluto circumstance, cause, fact )4baliho Jubilee Hall :
Pacdutute) about (the circumstance, 14balihd y!uttitlau "the big' Jubilee Hall
etc.) buildingq
meaning
-Pd time kh4lei child, yontigeterj (little)
Upper Part leholetipp4-
. ?au? lower part 141411:1 riCkshaw:
first, prior time kitteigt hniut t*o`rickshawa'
4 hO4 _ : anybody 144 built walks, gttes onfoot
?akl uash4u any time leplottao ticket
hsakdun how many (of ani_Mali) leAthaf 454u (ratdsin onf$ ticket;
116.V1
 adult (big person) lau? walks around
mile lei before, in front of
not very far ltvei kigdun phayd Shwa bagon Pagoda
automobile Jai? brick building
snake iamaitaaa? about a mile
monkey tamd 2 annas
1>sehnitand, from behind Oreissemin animal
kgreisshdrtyouts zoo
half a rupee; 8 annas eat presence of mind, attend
tion
Pagoda Oath 11414 is careful
Pa
MA" U upper part of the pagoda etinji name of a market In Ran
Ode are plentiful icon
py4di explains
_ inet¢yObdn4 don't speak, talk Owdde Pakh4 when he goes
evAlYiVg6 how about if you go
shin elephant
shivgalti little elephant tvtitle is distant
stdi wears, rides tologa entrance fee
sOsin2clut: so that it is complete "dun ,booth, shed, building for
sdund4 is complete work or business.
 $140111;ING

SEO'I'XON SESTiNQES
Go ono tbrough the Bosic Sesimies In onion; then do. theliirai and then' tWtoliti-On
Iflugh the SAitiettm Individually; ;

-
Mi..Williatns buyica'present for his girl
. -

Reeerd 26AI beginoini.;:

Record ,
-,-,

,:. 1,141401' OQUIVAkitti

\ -, ,....,--..,--1--._Alpi 11, 4111111141044
":-' ; '-'':-,-',-- -'"', '' ''riduk 04 -;:-
-,:,- a*..1

0.11 the Thei4roji tuarket jfikii4

if-.46'6:*-- ti.("0:1*1::,' ve to'

ifik
its:41:00040=
 mdun Stn
Lakin (worn by both men and women in Burma) Muttii
of Burittese that's called a "Munif.' hoolui batttd144 16:44110u hisOde
Battiest, people bawl ItItay6u4u
--The BOrmans always wear em, bowl littsytiudou ?amyl wage
mdun tollyds
stops ?rifle
wears (dresses) mate
7_ They'd be very good to wear at night when you sleep, nyd hate hand Idutijigdu Iota Peiyytti, Oei2 kdottleintote
mdun bin
disposition (nature) Oak)
is of the opinion eabo yede
I agree completely (I too am of the same opinion). count d416ube tiabd yade
tndun uttlytits
silk
, genuine
(of garments) chatitik4
11,; want to buy six real silk lounjis. u gas0 chattithe tafitta
Do you know all about silk?- Aittsbyti-kottrid:itt Ott .iaedavOtt idoOki/un`nd.
itautt 04tt
know a little about it.- _On* tt41444
Olor(applyance; form 7asktti
eabo cade
Sao yo like this cectr? df tashitt 9464 eciOald
 mdun uttlydn
is red ?Oa
This color's a little too red. di Pashto nene ufdd
color (brightness) Paydu
red Pant
My girl doesn't like red (colors), tau, Oa Pant Payduttonyd utacaipphd
Record 20111 beginning.
mdun stn
blue PaPyd
stripe ?ask
white Paphy4
Those blue and white stripes, how about them? Mu 9aPyd 9astnne Paphyd Pasts bettele

mdun trilydn
exceeds Nude
is pretty (good to look at) kdande
When my girl wears that color it'll be better looking. I hou hishis coup yfth Ivo*, pdu c3ldu Munn-Omni,
think, thitule
X want to buy six in all kinds of 'colors, Paydun Pamytiodun chautthe WM&
'he proPrietor'll probably be here right away. s)i(linfin Pakkh6e kadiUmtne -
asks tunde
When he caines, we ean'ask MM.- Oil 14*, Ohgou meihtutitult
one kind eath:' touyduii
I Want to buy six of 'etni one of each kind; Paydun c$1,n)Jdueduit tam.durt tansydusf chaudlid
140
 mdun tvii)kin
only one kind tamydudO
I don't want only one kind. faydun tatnydud$ malbujimbel
mdun Gin
Here's the proprietor. sklitilin
Her name is Mrs. Kin Pu. SAT ttatind dd kin

, dd kin
sir (woman speaking)
What can do or you, gentlemen? (What are your I ltd bdtnyel &14:1u AbdVaie
needs?)
taus wliydn
I want to buy six silk lounjis to give to my girl as a 00 ytedgens lesshdun peibOu phi ldunji chautehO wifinde
present.
do kin pit
I (woman speaking) etts,ond
1 h_ ave a complete assortment of patterns in my shop. edtnma shamhm4 Pashin 4tnyOut4un aibddi
yellow .404
green Postin
brown ?anyOu
black Panel
finds (meets) _
tteNde
i-Dki you find any patterns you liked among these? di Pathhthd aline ki,shimtn0 MOM' _I
didn't; I can get patterns from another shop too ntatu4tyin, edostria di pyIt1 slidivg4 POhittinlyd glits0)/4
and sho them. -
kydkikiimbddd
.
[11-41 114
 WWI talydn
You won't need to (get them and show them). vti pyabbu thaldubdtni
Record 2IA, begs .
selects yu e
just choose some patterns from (among) these and di Paihedidga PashimtnydOttbe ca0 yvdi yilbdrne
take 'em.
I like these six very much. di chautthegOu eel? OabO cade
sells ydunde
How much does one sell for? Lathe bilau2 yduntrale
do kin pi
They sell for /R. 8 apiece. lathe khannarakkhoe ydundi
mdun wilydn
price ?aphOu.
The price is a little high. kph& nine &le
de kin ph
You can get cheap kunils too. 9aphti ttedb Mtskiintydle yehndintbdde'
*dun wilydn
Don't bother.
doein't want to make much tildmytheifim141
I don't want to make a lot of work for you about this. di ?slue? khim40486t4 Pakn42 otainYdzeljimbil
_reckons (figures) tweltl
reckon up
JUstfigure up, (the price) of these (ones); Mthenlyagotald p4101 twell-4104
What do they come to bOlaui catfolt
142- (11-Aj
 dd kin t)14
-t They come to forty.five rupees, leise OW cads
nklun toilydn
, maoney (silver)
Per
huPndred rupee note
sekk4
yowneideksydats sekk a
pays change
Can you change a hundred rupee note? taydddst sekkd 7dnhndlntlaM
de kin
Yes I can change it. Peinkndimbdde
liere's the fitty-five rupees. dihmd vdsa vdJaP
Any time you come to the market come Into my shop, be hmaskot seigeu kde takui catid shdivete tan
kiabd
mdun tetirin
Very well, maser:4 we'll be back again, kelumbdtri, khlmbyd coitabst PydtsPoutntne

Before you go through thr., Basic Sentences a second There are two things" to listen for here: the'sound of
Unit, study the following: the vowels as in the first syllable, and the difference
between -ate- and -au
,2. Hints on Pronunciation
Ricrird 21-Al after ist spiral, Record 21A, after 2nd spiral,
PRACTICE 1 PsAttlett2
1040 one person tayo0
tayo0
layout tayauf
Chinese
one Chinese
000 ;
chou0e .. ..
... ; , .1Chinese
-111:4A
 Listen to the difference in the first sounds of these PRACTICE 4
words and try to make yours sound the same. ',dun sell
y614n building
Record 21A, after 3rd
Again listen for the difference In the vowel sounds.
PstAcrtett 3
e person
onaut
Record 21A, after 6th spiral.
chlayout six PRACTICE S
choutth 1,44 six garments Papy4 blue
These are like the forms in Practice 2 except for the 24001 white
vowel. Listen and imitate. In this practice you can hear the difference in the
sounds written py. and phy.. Notice the very strong
Record 21A, after 4th spiral. breath of air in phy., and its absence in -pp.

SECTION BWORD STtTDY

1. Word Study (Individual Study) I. Words like hnif 'year's kl `month', sl:dyt 'hour'
tronio 'minute'.
A. Counting she Oduishnio 13. item's .
destriptive word alwaye aecompaniei a numeral in 1$1141. , PlOntlas -,..,
Burmese when things are counted. We call this ktiondyi hours, ,*? 6 Oic140c. -
the word classifier.- We do something like this in _ 0 dunononiti -: initiOtes; . -- -
..
-English when we speak of 'two head of cattle's 'a pack 2; SoMe nouns are repeated after.theanntneral.
:Olcigaretteali 'three cakes of soap', and to on. Ciaisifiers 1 tiOtis;e-
fall Into:three sh#ile.4
,,__
Oki?
__ -
--','101gar,
.... ..-.. .._
,

144 (1141
 ytvd taytod '1 village' Some nouns, measures and the like, also appear as
thyau tanlyOu '1 city' classifiers.
Pakhdn ltigdn '4 rooms'
biyd hnatalin '2 bottles of beer'
sigareo iabil '1 pack of cigarettes'
3. Most nouns have special classifiers, These are zag4 Iiimydu '4 (kinds of) languages'
often descriptive in some way.
14 tayaua 'I person' Even tens, hundreds, and so on, are not followed by
Winona hnayau? '2 women' a classifier.
yauccd 04un-ya0 '3 men' shin mite
shin laigdu t$ '40 elephants'
'4 elephants' actin tayd '100 houses'
id vdgdun 'S tigers' siOed Odun.yd '300 soldiers'
c400 thaukkdun '6 leopards' mania hnashe '20 minutes'
sabwi IOUs '1 table'
lash4 '10' is used both with and without a classifier.
Besides these three' commonest classifiers: yau?
14 tashi '10 men'
'human being', -kdun 'animal', -khh 'unit', you have 14 shiyaua
met the following: '10 men'
,:thaP 'fiat things' pagdmbyd htuichal 42 plates' You will often hear different classifiers used with the
chelun 'long, slender dd 14chdun '1 knife' same noun.
things' _
shin hnakdun, shin htussi '2 elephants'
!spherical or cubical' pagdnidun laidun 'I bowl' ?in Pan taidus, ?an WO 'I house'
kalaihdin taldun '1 chair' tniffl 1414un '1 box of /Ohm? idsdon, lephrna2 WM ticket'
matches'
- Outs 'writings' lephma9 kisdun '1 ticket' I/A.4 is of ten substituted for Classifiers Other than iya
'things ridden' _or -ledun. The thing for you to do it to repeat what b
idnehd host '2 rickshaws' hear, and always to.use a; classifier in connting;_Exa
Ake 'articles of clothing' ldunfs chaullhe '6 lounjle pies of others will come in later units. .
_
 -the, a) di Pathltnydgdfda pdun just figure up (the price)
tweilaipp4 of these (ones).
layaulthe tinotkle I was born an only child.
layaulthe Wide lie lives by himself (alone), -04 marks the noun expression to which It is attached
laniy6ude stialJujimbil I don't want only one kind. as restricted. It is translated usually as 'only', or 'just'.
-the added to a numeral and classifier is restrictive D. Nouns from verbs
and is usually translated 'only, alone'. Palouo 'work' butte 'works'
Pawn? 'clothes' male 'puts on (clothes)'
si, (11) Palen 'need' Ma 'needs'
larnyousi lamy.0usi one of each kind Pony() 'many, much' m,y4cle 'Is many'
layaussi tayanSti each one (person) Pod Pa0auo 'food and drink' We, @suite 'eats, drinks'
kseuts 'complete assortment' s4unde 'is complete'
-si added to a numeral and classifier is distributive Patti 'red' node 'is red'
and is usually translated 'each'. PaPyd 'blue' prf4A 'is blue'
2aphy4 'white' phytla 'is white'
B. hd General particle f:cu4 'yellow' soMe 'is yellow'
dihd ORO zeibe This is the Theft* Market, ?mein 'green' seindi 'is green'
bd kliRtale What's that called? Panyeu 'brown' nydua 'Is brown'
hotel:4 lxstsdkits Munition In Burmese that's called a Pane? 'black' nefte 'is black'.
hh4de Nouns are made from verlis by means of a prefixed
heuleiga yeunhd That building up ahead. ?a-. Such nouns are then used just like other' nouns.
hd marks the noun expression to which it is attached Paloukkeu invelde 'he went to work','Paufr,s4sshas 'crOthill, _

store', Palen maltbil 'I-don't need- anythitighffr$S

as ephasized. disi) iimbdde 'thanks a lot'.
C.-04 General particle As you see the words tor colors-are both houtpand
You can get It only in big verbs, nide is re; Papa ayduoittyd nuicaipth4 'he=-
ftlybuillitn4V4 yahnaltide doeitt't like red colors', Peitvd Wig 'blue alrlpe
cities.
hijinvded foie Otodhndinde Only adults can go in, Pod Pa$auPis translated 'food OA 'drink" or `rn_eals',
444 (11B)
There is also a word Pod which means food. Don't con- by covering, firit the English, then the Burmese, and
fuse the tones, waking sure you know everything

2, Covering English and Burmese of Word Study 3. Review of Basic Sentences

(Individual Study)
With the Guide or records, review the first half of the
Check yourself on your krowledge of the Word Study Basic Sentences as in previous unite.

SECTION CREVIEW OP BASIC SENTENCES

1, Review of Basic Sentences (Coo.) 2. You tell him you can't say yet for sure;
Review the second half of the Basic Sentences, a. Pahtndts motyc1hndinVeib4
b. tyabdu 'nal dubdb4
2. Covering the English of Basic Sentences yd
c. valou? matnydaijitnbtl
(individual Study)
3. You say you want to buy some things to give
Go through the Basic Sentences covering up the Eng- your mother;
lish and reading aloud the Burmese. Check up on any-
thing you do not know, until you are sure of everything. a, couP tut PatweP lesshdun OibOu
ssttnyti toefinde
, 3, What Would You Say? (Individual Study) b. cou ?ameiPaltve lesshdun peit)bu
pyissitsyd wijinde
Read aloud each of the following and then pick out c. cou? Paola ..Pattper leishduit peibou
the expression you think most suitable: chautthe wejin4
1. A friend asks you what you want to buy: 4. He asks if you know about silk;
a. h4uhd bd khalate a. Vot iaYadd#1 ArkflMnittptintale
inbdtstyd wejinectle yeign101$
bamyti aMtt 0, pou 7acdutigdu ktiottidutt ltd l aid
 4, You say you know a little about it: b. coup 144 ?awd Payduttstnyd mat/10/144
a, kdangduts nd tea c. coup Fowl hod rdyduttstnya niateett4
b, n.n$ nd Ude 9. You tell the proprietor you want to buy six, one
c. Pdslitsdittstuidi
of each kinds
6, He asks whether you like this color: a. Payfun ?attlyhOuts chautthe weitule
a. di Pashin 00)6 catald b. Paydun Patnyht4un kittsydusi tamyduct
b. di Pasin eabd edeald vddi wejind$
C. dilou Dobd yattaiti c. Payduts fantychOnn tanyousi triftly6tosi,
chauithe widinde
7. You say you like it very much:
dilduba Otsbd yadi 10, The proprietor tells you It will cost forty.five
b. di PasMrs dad cads rupees:
c. di thautthegdu OeiP 0460 am a. vela vajesP cads
8. You say your mother doesn't like red: b. /ilise vdjaP cads
a. coup Pamei Patti Payduttstnyti ttscscaiptha c, et)unte 0)0 Md4

SECTION 1)--LISTENING IN:

What Did YOU SO? the Word Study and giv,e the correct BUrmese foreac_
English expression, without having to read_it fro
Qive your answers in Burmese for each of the book. The Group Lender be one of theme:Ott* b
vises_ lit the preceding section: -When give the En-01A group should read the English:
equiv.alents of all the expressions in the exercise. The
Group Leader will direct your work. rdisten,In
ing r.
Word Study" Check-thi. ...- . With your.book closed;_liSte'rs-tathe
i`Ott.haVe'done lzt the preceding- Units, gb back to versatlona as readbY-the-G0100 "OrPhnnOgraPil -0061
Repeat the Burmese immediately after hearing It. After mdun hdndasin: kdumbdbf
the first repetition of each conversation, check up on hots ldunjf ttiejinde
the meaning of anything you do not understand, by eouPPatna ?alwef hnatiof
asking someone else or by going back to the Basic Sen. couP ylad Pais& /maid
Imo if no one knows. Repeat again if necessary, then do kin 0:
take parts and carry on the conversation. Pakhh lin ytotidi 16uniimy4 OW cilia
kluntbddd
1. Mr. Henderson buys some lounjis. lindbu Pamilyikdn lamyduntyd
lout:jigs:PA bd lounnnale
Record 21B, beg! . mdun hdndasin: tiya Peilte PakIrd coundu wu? Peimns4
mdun heindmin: coup Patneigdu lesshduti paibou ldunfi dd kin ph: dildu shdu yin, OeiP kelumbddi
!tide wejincie whin hdndasin: Pelldun P4144 belauP
d6 kin 01 kdumbdbi, tin d6 kin ph: °dune cads
di Pashin Wale
mdun kindasin: keiumbdbi, Owddime
Wan hdndasin: di Pashin tudde nauphntdbe itveijaP4une3ui
Pawd Pa dun cou?
tnacaipphtl
Pashin Panydu Wald d6 kin ph: limbddl,ttl
do kin ph: Pashin ?an du mdun luindasin: shainSivg6u ntiibd
oihmd &shin Paseinne Pane? Side ova laydddn sekkii Phnhn.lintiald
di Pashimmydg4u, Sln 8ab6 caeaki d6 kin ph: PtInhndimbild4
tnefun hdndasin: di Pashimniyeig6u cots? 006 Ma iu POW, khimbyd Poky? myd
mdun hdndasin: couitidi
Petstn Sidi ldunjl Siearid ne
do kin ph: Sibade d6 kin ph: tnamydb4b4
#ndun kindasin: si0eaki
pdu masiyyits, couP matvelimbd 2. Mr. Taylor goes to a store to buy Cigarettes and
pau silt? lounjigdu couP wejinde conies away with_ cigars. ---
dd kin 0: diganii mayahttdimb4 1 Let's meet In the future, I.e. I lit be seeing you.
11D1
r=
ecoTd 203! ater tit 404. mcluts IN14: kdtstrobdbt kktpnby4'
eou Pakhhmyd ivijit$44
Waft OW: kkittOy4 slugittAmd segare2 ydutotkad ?altru0 beknid Viunt106
00infint Agarel modumbil
shfileittor0 yelumbdde 3. The proprietor of the clot store talc eif Mr Teylor
kiumbdt4 to a clothing store.
skeile0 ydufttki Record 218, after Ind spiral.
144iftlito b4 Kph ilt a °Outs ttlawi#414
sMitsfist-' d4 kin shdi»shtild icitono tatny4144nti:
indOl' ult4P shtiltif takhdr44 ttuteauppli4b4 yelum --

ihaitiritot 4-1 st;tileittorsyd Oaidlou kttitisbda h$514 slain kirs t*'shdianb4,--

hi y Otbdaittsini (14 kin kh,-d(htti4 244,1040 tawts0
ci sheileif tafrikkfig %in $042 cib4 toefituli: .

tap
BatiOsi Plutt11414 a kin 1,14:
Nmstf b4 ,Pat'outittnydg404uMalei
-OMIT 411414011akkktayett4ttib44 chtiAdn
00* tale( too rIpci 'ghts,!eititie hot(0,04#140u ult
dildu aY4ini ittodai: :4044 dihttid`!otiO
itike44 diitoak?! COO MisipOSr.ert -o record, thoutti:.
;OM N$M 1
 SECTION B CONVERSATION
1. Covering the Burmese In Basic Sentences lined below fairly closely; then change the situations
(Individual Study) somewhat. Invent new combinations of subject matter.-
Cover the Burmese of the Basic Sentences and prac- 1, You tell a friend that you want to buy some pres-
tice saying the Burmese equivalents of the English ents for your girl and ask him where you can get some-
expressions. thing. He suggests that you go to the market. Atthe
market you ask about 16uktit. 1-le tells you that Burp
2. Vocabulary Check-Up mans wear them, and you suggest that they would be
good to sleep In. He says that he agrees.
Give the Burmese expressions for the English equiva-
lents in the Basic Sentences as the Group Leader calls 2. You look at various colors and patterns of loaklii
for them, and discuss their suitability. You say that your girl
doesn't like such and such colors or patterns but that
3. ConVersation she would look well in certain ones.
-

As you have done in the Conversation in previous 3, You discuss the prices of lounjis and decide on cer-
units, begin to converse by following the models out- tain ones. Figure up the cost and pay for them.

SECTION F-- CONVERSATION (Cont.)

Continue the conversations started in Section E, with a review of parts 1 and 2 of the section if necessary.
Finder List
right, for sure
Days change
black
red
 green vtva silver, money
Whin color, appearimcr ftirm Oissi object, thing, article
41f0 real genuine u sil
stripe Node exceeds, is in excess
PM/4 yellow tycitOdumme will return again
?ayifsitt color, brightness sekk,1 Paper
bawl Otitydudat4 the Burmese people stn sir (woman speaking)
six (of garments) knydud# only one kind
fchdtilth one kind each
`4i614 kdunde Is pretty, good to look at tam dues
my- (woman speaking) koadts sekkd 100 rupee note
Oftttna
'4414 this (thing) *Me finds, meets -

hollaipixt figui.e it up
figure
sleeps 'svelte calculate, compute
,lesslautf present, i ft disposition, nature
skirt worn by both men and OabO 646 approvec-likes
Women Iti13urrna- Oabd Ode ,- is ofilia,o0irtion
asks tiriltt weaii; &Vises`
,

causes to be-Mitch, many 0$01,44 sells

don't bother, (let it retnaln) ytt4 ate theart--
70.44 selOcts thobses
IR red 4"
 RVIEW
stottotl t DO YOU KNOW tN somisit?
Records OA and 22B;
seetion is'a trdefalse quiz exactly like the one and-give_ your score to your Group Leader.- He 'Will'
;ire tifilt- 6, except -that the first iteln is hot a 'practice figure out the average. or your group; If your score is
Wilt: PCOAre paper with numbers from 1, to 44"-erd leas than the average'number of correct aillokerti'otl
k-thelitlatements that you , hear "freni- your than 80 per cent correct, you need wire, revietV_ of t
Ode or _t 4 phonograph, record either Or F.-After previous units, s.

the qUiz, the Group Leader will read out the Spend the rest of the time going over' the lt4iikOn
:cOrrect ansWers for each statement, Check your-paper which you had difficulty.

sEorOil,p.4oW ,WOOtp- yoti SAY tivay)

Prepkr'4_,to, give. orally the Burtnese'fotoach of the , 6. Conte- "with ino;_ -,

ollowing sentences: DO not writeknything down; ,

7.^ Wait a Minute.::.-
, - ,

. :' f',, ,_ -, , I. 98.-1:11?-v-ro) :0-"evnlere1,5ereithii;tkefore;,_ ,

1.''' My friend is looking toei place to live. -- to. know hint well, - -- '''-

s,,theie are two rooms in this house,

-'Do, YOU want 4? Opee thernti-,_ ,
. II yotf haVe time' I'd_ like to go see
Want to -et hairut
--,Let'e-go
" look. --7'-'
- 4
 4, This (village) is a country village; it's not big; 2, I want to walk around (in) the city and see the
it's very small. sights.
. 5, if that's the case, what's to be done? 3. Where do you want to go first?
6. You'll (probably) have to call a bather. 4. First let's go to the zoo.
7. He can give you a haircut; he can shave you too. S. How far is It?
8. Don't worry. 6. If you walk, you'll have to go about three or
9. Nevemind, four miles.
10. Where is there a tailor? 7. How about if you go by automobile?
8. A street car is already coming over there.
III
9. Let's get on.
10. Let's get off.
1, I'm hungry; I'm thirsty.
2. Do you know a good restaurant? V
3, The shop on the street on that side Is the best. 1. What do you want to buy?
4. What curries do (you) have? 2. (1) can't say yet for sure,
S. We have all kinds of curries, 3. hat's that called?
6. Do bu) want to eat with (your) fingers? 4. I agree completely. (I too am of the same
7. He oesn't know hove to eat with his fitters. opinion).
8. I$ there anything else (you) want? S." Do you like this-color?
9. (1)'11 go and bring (them) right now. 6. My girl doesn't like red (colors),
10. All together 3R 12. .
7, to buY'elk in all kinds of colors.-_
_ -8: I want to buy six of them one of each kW.
IV 9._ I don't want only one kind. s=

;1. Where do you want to go for a walk? 10. Can you change a htmdred rupee note?
 SEITION C-41OW DID YOU SAY IT?
Quiz by the Group Leader on the work you did in asking you to say the Burmese of the sentences in See.
Section B. Keep your book closed, The Group Leader tion 13. If you have a Guide, he will check on your pro
will ask you to take turns in speaking sentences by nunciation and the correctness of your Burmese.

SECTION D--HOW WOULD YOU SAY IT? (Cont.) (Individual Study)

Prepare to give orally the Burmese for each of the 6. You can take a bath in this house,
following sentences: 7. Is there any hot water?
I 8. If that's the case what do you do?
1. The two of us are taking a trip together. 9. I always bathe in cold water.
2. What are your professions? 10. Never mind.
3, I'm a doctor; he's a business man.
4, Let's go up to the upper floor.
S. Let's go down to the lower floor. 1. Can you get Chinese meals-in this city?
4. ?) see somebody over there, 2. You can get (them) only in big cities.:
7. 1) don't know who he Is, 3. If that's the ease, we'll have to eat in a Bur:nese
8. never saw him before, restaurant.
9, Is he a friend of yours? ,

-10, 1-16 isn't a friend of mine, 4. Does tilt prokietOr do the Cooking him ell?
S. Let's-go fp. .
.

II 6. First bring two bottles of beer. -.-

1. Don't worry. 7; Give us three packs of Cigarettes and two boxes
2. You, can give your clothes to the tailor. of matches,
3. My shirt and pants are torn. S.- I want to wash my 11444.
4. (I) want to buy some socks. 9. Wash this bowl.
S. (I) want to -take a bath. 10. Altogether how much-does-it cost?
7.

IV V.
1. I want to buy three iouttlis as a present for thy
1. Call a rickshaw, aunt.
2. How much will it be? 2. How is this pattern?
3. Climb In and sit down. 3. Is It real silk? .

4. Shall I go straight to the zoo first? 4. If it's not real silk, I don't want to buy It.
s. Haven't we got there yet? 5. (You) can't get (them) today.
6. What ate you Americans going to do with
3. Get off (down). lopkiit?
/. Can (you) go by automobile? 1. We'll wear them when we sleep at night.'
8. Row fat is it from here? 8. We've made a lot of work for you.
9. Do you want to go see (it) with me. 9, Do (you) sell cigarettes here?
10. it's not far from the pagoda. 10. No (we) -sell cigars,

ssaTION YOU SAY 117,:

. ,

Os by the_GOUP Leader on-the wOrk r1:5114 in iagth'e English; It you haVe:'4 040 We_
*kid zil-Keep your book-004 the Gt6i415'1Jader your pronunciatroi (ilia' the Co In
wilt Ash YOU to take turns in ipeakintientenCes

pizo**:$4-cmt4Atiott REVIEW
Hold a series of conversations, `front one jkii.3/0- wish.; Alt :Mein
19_40 e4chr 44)4 whiokii 0,0 :_-01140 have,
liits 11-42 COMbinhig--ind '