The Service Convention
The Service Convention
The Service Convention
The Service convention provides for the manner and mode of transmission to be used
when a judicial or extrajudicial document is to be transmitted form one State party to another
State party. This applies in all cases, civil or commercial matters, unless the address of the
person to be served with the document is not known. In other words, the Convention aims to
simplify the process of serving court documents on parties living in another state which will
greatly reduce court delays.
Pursuant to Article 2 of the Convention, a State party shall designate a Central Authority
which will undertake to receive requests for service coming from other State parties. This
Central Authority shall itself serve the document or shall arrange to have it served either by the
method prescribed by its internal law or by a particular method requested by the applicant,
unless such method is incompatible with the law of the State addressed. After the service of the
document, a certificate containing the fact of service, including the method, place, and date of
service shall be sent to the applicant, pursuant to Article 6. If for some reason there was a
failure of service, the same fact shall be sent to the applicant and the reason which have
prevented the service.
In the PH, pursuant to the Rule 14 of the ROC, when a respondent is a non-resident,
service may, by leave of court, be effected out of the Philippines by personal service, or by a
publication in a newspaper of general circulation as the court may order and a copy of the
summons shall be sent by mail to the address of the non-resident. Said Rule also provides that
the service may be effected in accordance with “international conventions to which the
Philippines is a party”. Thus, applying the provisions of the Service Convention, service of
summons may be effected by sending an application to the designated Central Authority by the
State to which the respondent is a resident of. Said Central Authority then shall itself serve the
summons pursuant to its own procedural law regarding service of summons.
In conclusion, the Convention shall enhance the overall administration of Justice and
shall promote efficiency by departing from traditional mode of serving documents or court
processes to non-resident parties.