1

Short Circuit Analysis of IEEE Test Feeders

W. H. Kersting, Life Fellow, IEEE , Greg Shirek, Senior Member, IEEE
Milsoft Utility Solutions

Abstract – In 1991 a paper giving the data for four four Test feeders.
distribution system test feeders was published [1]. The
purpose of the test feeders was to give software developers a II. GENERAL SYSTEM
common set of data that could be used to verify the
correctness of their power flow analysis programs. Initially A diagram of the major components of a test feeder is shown
there were four test feeders and they were used primarily to in Figure 1.
check the accuracies of new power flow analyses. There
have not been any comparisons of the results of short circuit 1 2 3 4
studies. This paper will address a method of short circuit [ZsysABC ] [ Zsubabc ] [ ZeqSabc ] [ Zxfm123 ]
analysis and apply it to the initial four test feeders. Only the System Equivalent Substation Total Primary In-Line Feeder
results for the IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder will be presented Voltage System Transformer Line Segment Transformer
in this paper. The total feeder data and short circuit results Source Impedance Impedance
for all four feeders will be found on the IEEE website [2].
Figure 1 – Components of a Test Feeder
Index Terms-Test feeders, distribution lines, transformers,
component models, short circuit analysis A model is required for each of the components in Figure 1.
The short circuit analysis program must be capable of
I. INTRODUCTION analyzing all possible types of short circuits at all nodes. With
reference to Figure 1 short circuits at node 1 will come from
Each of the original test feeders had special characteristics that the short circuit analysis of a balanced transmission system.
provided a test for the accuracy of the distribution component Short circuits at all the other nodes will be computed in the
models and the convergence characteristics of the power flow distribution short circuit analysis program.
analysis program being tested. The original four test feeders
are: III. COMPONENT MODELS
• 13 Node Test Feeder – provided a good test of the
convergence of a program for a very unbalanced Each of the components in Figure 1 can be modeled as shown
system in Figure 2.
• 34 Node Test Feeder – a very long feeder requiring
the application of voltage regulators to satisfy ANSI Node n Node m
voltage standards Series Feeder
• 37 Node Test Feeder – a three wire delta Component
underground system [ Iabc ]n [ I abc ]m
• 123 Node Test Feeder – a large system consisting of [VLNabc ]n [VLNabc ]m
overhead and underground single phase, two phase
and three phase laterals along with step voltage Figure 2 – General Component Model
regulators and shunt capacitors
For the general model in Figure 2 generalized matrices can be
Additional test feeders have been added for the special developed to model the input/output characteristics of the
purpose of testing transformer connection models and component [3]. The generalized equations are in the form of:
induction machine models.
[VLNabc ]n = [ a ] ⋅ [VLN abc ]m + [b].[ I abc ]m
The test feeders have been used by many program developers (1)
as example feeders to demonstrate their method of modeling [ I abc ]n = [c] ⋅ [VLNabc ]m + [ d ] ⋅ [ I abc ]m
and power flow analysis. Because of the successful
application of the test feeders for power flow analysis it is Equations 1 are applied when the voltages and currents at the
time to develop and demonstrate short circuit analyses on the input are computed knowing the output voltages and currents.

W. H. Kersting is a consultant to Milsoft Utility Solutions, Greg Shirek is

an engineer with Milsoft Utility Solutions, Abilene, Texas.
[Vabc ]m = [ A] ⋅ [Vabc ]n + [ B ] ⋅ [ I abc ]m (2)
Corresponding e-mail for this paper: [email protected]

978-1-4673-1935-5/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE

 2

I I
Equation 2 is slightly different in that the output voltages are +
A
+ - H1 X1
- +
a
+
computed based upon the input voltages and the output V
AN I
B
V
AB
V
ab I
b
V
an
- H2 -
currents. Equation 2 is recognized as the “forward” sweep +
VBN V
+ V
CA
X2
V
ca
+
Vbc
+
Vbn
I BC I
equation used in power flow analysis. Typically only the +
C - +
H3 X3
+ - c
+
current equation of Equation 1 is used in the “backward” - -
V
CN
-
I
N
I
n
V
cn
- - -
X0
sweep. Although these equations were primarily developed H0
Source Side Load Side
for the modified ladder power flow iterative technique, they
become the foundation for the short circuit analysis.
Figure 4 – Transformer Bank Step-Down Model
Equivalent System Model
Note in Figure 4 that the high voltage terminals are labeled
with H while the low voltage terminals are labeled with X.
The equivalent system model is somewhat different from the
On the source side capital letters are used to denote the high
rest of the component models. The basic model is shown in
voltage phases while lower case letters denote the load side.
Figure 3.
For the system of Figure 1 the transformer model equations
are:
[ I ABC ]1
1
[ Zsys ABC ] [VLNabc ]2 = [ At ] ⋅ [VLN ABC ] − [ Bt ] ⋅ [ I abc ]2
(5)
[ ELN ABC ]S [VLN ABC ]1 [ I ABC ] = [ct ] ⋅ [VLN abc ]2 + [ dt ] ⋅ [ I abc2 ]
Figure 3 – Equivalent System Model The matrices in Equation 5 are defined for all possible
transformer connections in Reference [3].
In order to model the system, the equivalent phase impedance
matrix is required. Typically it will be necessary to obtain the In Figure 1 for the short circuit studies it will be necessary to
three-phase and line-to-ground short circuit currents from a compute the Thevenin equivalent of the system referenced to
transmission network analysis. From such a study the positive Node 2. The equations [3] are:
and zero sequence impedances will be obtained. The
sequence impedance matrix is converted to the phase
impedance matrix by:
[ Eth ] = [ At ] ⋅ [VLN ABC ]1
(6)
[ Zth ] = [ At ] ⋅ [ Zsys ABC ] ⋅ [ dt ] + [ Bt ]
⎡Z 0 0 ⎤
⎢ zero ⎥ Distribution Line Model
[ Z012 ] = ⎢ 0 Z pos 0 ⎥
⎢ ⎥ (3)
⎢⎣ 0 0 Z pos ⎥⎦ The model for all distribution lines is shown in Figure 5:
−1
[ Zsys ABC ] = ⎡⎣ Asym ⎤⎦ ⋅ [ Z012 ] ⋅ ⎡⎣ Asym ⎤⎦ Node - n Ia n Ilinea Zaa Ia m Node - m
+ +
Ibn Iline b Zab Zca Ib m Vag m
Vag n Z bb
+ +
In Equation 3 the matrix ⎡ Asym ⎤ is the symmetrical Vbg n Ic n
Iline c Zcc Zbc Icm Vbg m
⎣ ⎦
+ +
component transformation matrix. The equation for the Vcg n Vcg m
1 1
system model is: [ICabc]n 2
[Yabc]
[ICabc]m 2
[Yabc]
- - -
- - -

[VLNabc ]1 = [ As ] ⋅ [ ELN ABC ]S = [ Bs ] ⋅ [ I abc ]1 Figure 5 – Distribution Line Model

where: [ As ] = unity matrix (4)
Figure 5 shows the model for a three-phase distribution line.
[ Bs ] = [ Zsys ABC ] For two-phase and single-phase lines the same model can be
used by elimination the phases that are not present. Note in
Substation Transformer Model Figure 5 that the shunt admittance of the line is included. For
most cases the shunt admittance is so small that it can be
All transformer connections (three-phase, two phase and ignored. However, for long and in particular underground
single-phase) use the circuit shown in Figure 4. Figure 4 cables, the shunt admittance should be included. With
shows the connections for the step-down connection. reference to Figure 1 the distribution line equations: [3]

[VLNabc ]3 = [ Aline ] ⋅ [VLN abc ]2 − [ Bline ] ⋅ [ I abc ]3

(7)
[ I abc ]2 = [ dline ] ⋅ [ I abc ]3
 3

The distribution line impedances are computed using Carson’s

equations resulting in the 4x4 primitive matrix. The Kron
reduction is used to create the 3x3 phase impedance matrix [ Eabc ] = [ Zeqabc ] ⋅ [ If abc ] + [ Zfabc ] ⋅ [ Ifabc ] + [Vabc ]x + ⎡⎣Vxg ⎤⎦
needed for the computation of the model matrices. With this
application the correct mutual coupling between phases is (9)
computed. For two-phase lines the elements in the row and
column of the missing phase will be zero. The same is true Reference [3] reduces Equation 9 to a general form of:
for a single-phase line. In all cases only 3x3 matrices are
computed. In Figure 1 the matrix [ Zsysabc ] will be the sum [ IPabc ] = [ If abc ] + [Y ] ⋅ [Vabc ]x + [Y ] ⋅ ⎡⎣Vxg ⎤⎦
of all impedances from the source down to the primary −1
where: [Y ] = [ ZTOT ]
terminals of the distribution transformer.
[ ZTOT ] = [ Zeqabc ] + [ ZF ]
Distribution Transformer Model [ IPabc ] = [Y ] ⋅ [ Eabc ]
The model for a step-down distribution transformer bank is ⎡ If a ⎤
the same as for the substation transformer. This transformer [ abc ] ⎢⎢ Ifb ⎥⎥
If =
bank may include a center tapped transformer for the usual ⎢⎣ Ifc ⎥⎦
service to single-phase customers. The model for center
tapped transformers is given in Reference [3]. ⎡Vax ⎤
[Vabc ]x = ⎢⎢Vbx ⎥⎥
IV. EQUIVALENT MODEL AT THE FAULTED NODE ⎢⎣Vcx ⎥⎦
To start the short circuit analysis the equivalent phase ⎡Vxg ⎤
impedance matrix from the source to the faulted node must be ⎢ ⎥
⎡Vxg ⎤ = ⎢Vxg ⎥ (10)
determined. For example, if Node 3 is the faulted node, the ⎣ ⎦
⎢ ⎥
total equivalent phase impedance matrix will be: ⎣⎢Vxg ⎦⎥

[ Zeqabc ] = [ Zth ] + [ Zsysabc ] In Figure 6 there are 7 unknowns. Equations 10 will give 3
where: independent equations. The type of fault modeled will yield
the remaining 4 independent equations resulting in the matrix
[ Zth ] =Thevenin equivalent of source and substation transformer equation:
[ Zsysabc ] =Sum of line sections from the substation to Node 3
(8) ⎡ IPa ⎤ ⎡ 1 0 0 Y1,1 Y1,2 Y1,3 Ys1 ⎤ ⎡ If a ⎤
⎢ IP ⎥ ⎢ 0 1 0 Y ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ b⎥ ⎢ 2,1 Y2,2 Y2,3 Ys2 ⎥ ⎢ Ifb ⎥
If the faulted node is Node 4, then the Thevenin equivalent ⎢ IPc ⎥ ⎢ 0 0 1 Y3,1 Y3,2 Y3,3 Ys3 ⎥ ⎢ If c ⎥
circuit at node 4 must be computed using the matrix ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 ⎥ = ⎢_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ⎥ ⋅ ⎢Vax ⎥ (11)
[ Zeqabc ] and the voltage [ Eth ] computed at the substation ⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ⎥ ⎢Vbx ⎥
transformer. ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢_ _ _ _ _ _ _ ⎥ ⎢Vcx ⎥
Figure 6 is the three-phase Thevenin circuit at the faulted ⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢_ _ _ _
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ _ _ _ ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣Vxg ⎥⎦
node.
Reference [2] gives the equations for the last four rows of the
Zf a
+
matrix in Equation 11. As example, if a b-c fault is to be
If a simulated the four needed equations are:
Vax
Zf b -
[ Zeqabc ] + Vbx - x
Vbx = 0
Ifb -
+
Zf c Vcx Vcx = 0
+ (12)
Faulted Ifc Vxg Ifb + Ifc = 0
+ + + Node
Ea Eb Ec If a = 0
- - -
-
For this faulted condition the Matrix of 11 becomes:

Figure 6 – Thevenin Three-Phase Circuit

In Figure 6 KVL can be written around the three loops:

 4

⎡ IPa ⎤ ⎡1 0 0 Y1,1 Y1,2 Y1,3 Ys1 ⎤ ⎡ If a ⎤ Z zero = 0.3474 + j8.5180 Ω

⎢ IP ⎥ ⎢0 ⎢ ⎥ (15)
⎢ b⎥ ⎢ 1 0 Y2,1 Y2,2 Y2,3 Ys2 ⎥⎥ ⎢ Ifb ⎥ Z pos = 0.7673 + j 4.7852 Ω
⎢ IPc ⎥ ⎢0 0 1 Y3,1 Y3,2 Y3,3 Ys3 ⎥ ⎢ If c ⎥ For these values of sequence impedances the sequence
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 0 ⎥ = ⎢0 0 0 0 1 0 0 ⎥ ⋅ ⎢Vax ⎥ (13) impedance matrix is:
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢0 0 0 0 0 1 0 ⎥ ⎢Vbx ⎥
⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎛ 0.3474 + 8.518j 0 0 ⎞
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢0 1 1 0 0 0 0 ⎥ ⎢Vcx ⎥ ⎜ ⎟
Z012 = 0 0.7673 + 4.7852j 0
⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢1
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ 0 0 0 0 0 0 ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣Vxg ⎥⎦ ⎜ ⎟
⎝ 0 0 0.7673 + 4.7852j⎠

In reduced notation Equation 13 is:

Converting the sequence impedance matrix to the phase
impedance matrix results in:
[ IP ] = [C ] ⋅ [ X ]
−1
(14)
and: [ X ] = [C ] ⋅ [ IP ]
⎛ 0.6273 + 6.0295j −0.14 + 1.2443j −0.14 + 1.2443j ⎞
The models developed in this section are used in the Radial Zsys ABC = ⎜ −0.14 + 1.2443j 0.6273 + 6.0295j −0.14 + 1.2443j ⎟
⎜ ⎟
Distribution Analysis Program (RDAP) [4] as well as Milsoft ⎝ −0.14 + 1.2443j −0.14 + 1.2443j 0.6273 + 6.0295j⎠
Utility Solutions’ Windmil program in an effort to compare
and validate the results. Both programs were used to Short Circuit Study Assumptions
determine the short circuit currents for the four IEEE test
feeders. Only the 13 node feeder will be listed in this paper. • Source voltage is balanced 115 kV
The complete short circuit currents for this feeder and the
• Voltage regulators are set on unity taps
other three will appear on the IEEE website [2].
• Voltage regulator impedance is zero
• Shunt capacitor banks neglected
IV. IEEE 13 NODE TEST FEEDER
• Load current is neglected
The one-line diagram of the IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder is • Fault impedance is zero
shown in Figure 7.
Sample results from RDAP and Windmil for the short circuit
study are given in Appendix A.
Eq System
The third table in Appendix A lists the percent differences
between RDAP and Windmil for each fault type. Note the
values are extremely small, most likely due to rounding in the
650 programs.

The IEEE website will also list the results from other
646 645 632 633 634
distribution analysis programs used in the industry.

V. CONCLUSIONS

A method for analyzing short circuit currents for radial

611 684 692 675 distribution feeders was outlined. The short circuit currents
671 for the IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder were computed using
RDAP and Windmil and the sample results are posted in the
Appendix.

1. IEEE Distribution Planning Working Group Report,

652 680 “Radial distribution test feeders”, IEEE Transactions on
Power Systems,. August 1991, Volume 6, Number 3, pp
Figure 7 – IEEE 13 Node Test Feeder 975-985.
2. http://ewh.ieee.org/soc/pes/dsacom/testfeeders/index.html
The basic data for the test feeder can be found on the website 3. W. H. Kersting, Distribution System Modeling and
[2]. Not included in that data are the equivalent sequence Analysis, 2nd Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida,
impedances of the equivalent system. The positive and zero 2007.
sequence impedances of the equivalent system are: 4. http://www.zianet.com/whpower/
 5

Appendix A:
RDAP
Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)
Single Line-To-Ground Three-Phase To Ground
Three Phase Fault (LLL) Fault Fault
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
RG60 ABC 8416.8 8416.8 8416.8 8479.3 8479.3 8479.3 8416.8 8416.8 8416.8
692 ABC 3350.4 3271.6 2964.7 2196.4 2156.9 2173.9 3317.5 3268.1 3009.6
684 AC 0.0 0.0 0.0 2019.5 0.0 2001.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
680 ABC 2909.9 2839.5 2549.7 1851.9 1817.0 1832.1 2880.6 2836.9 2589.6
675 ABC 3121.1 3088.8 2778.2 2077.0 2049.9 2057.6 3091.6 3087.1 2816.4
671 ABC 3350.4 3271.6 2964.7 2196.4 2156.9 2173.9 3317.5 3268.1 3009.6
652 A 0.0 0.0 0.0 1795.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
646 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2516.5 2524.3 0.0 0.0 0.0
645 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2806.5 2817.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
634 ABC 15276 15135 14720 13046 12962 12986 15191 15150 14796
633 ABC 4150.2 4023.2 3802.5 2950.6 2910.3 2921.8 4115.6 4028.3 3837.1
632 ABC 4801.3 4705.2 4392.2 3495.5 3444.4 3466.5 4759.2 4698.3 4449.3
611 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1852.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Windmil
Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)
Single Line-To-Ground Three-Phase To Ground
Three Phase Fault (LLL) Fault Fault
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
REG2 ABC 8416.3 8416.3 8416.3 8479.0 8479.0 8479.0 8416.3 8416.3 8416.3
692 ABC 3350.1 3271.4 2964.7 2196.3 2156.9 2173.9 3317.1 3268.0 3009.6
684 AC 0.0 0.0 0.0 2019.4 0.0 2001.7 0.0 0.0 0.0
680 ABC 2909.6 2839.3 2549.7 1851.8 1817.0 1832.0 2880.3 2836.7 2589.6
675 ABC 3120.8 3088.6 2778.3 2076.8 2049.8 2057.5 3091.3 3086.9 2816.4
671 ABC 3350.1 3271.4 2964.7 2196.3 2156.9 2173.9 3317.1 3268.0 3009.6
652 A 0.0 0.0 0.0 1795.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
646 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2516.5 2524.2 0.0 0.0 0.0
645 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2806.5 2817.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
634 ABC 15276 15135 14720 13046 12962 12986 15190 15150 14796
633 ABC 4149.9 4023.1 3802.4 2950.5 2910.3 2921.7 4115.4 4028.2 3837.0
632 ABC 4800.9 4704.9 4392.1 3495.4 3444.4 3466.4 4758.8 4698.0 4449.2
611 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1852.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
 6

RDAP
Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)
Line-To-Line-To-Ground Fault (LLG)
Fault on AB Fault on BC Fault on CA
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
RG60 ABC 8446.3 8450.7 0.0 0.0 8446.3 8450.7 8450.7 0.0 8446.3
692 ABC 3091.6 3007.2 0.0 0.0 2779.0 2685.2 2822.6 0.0 2892.2
684 AC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2616.5 0.0 2644.8
680 ABC 2677.0 2610.5 0.0 0.0 2383.4 2306.9 2435.2 0.0 2489.2
675 ABC 2901.9 2816.4 0.0 0.0 2644.1 2519.8 2627.8 0.0 2713.8
671 ABC 3091.6 3007.2 0.0 0.0 2779.0 2685.2 2822.6 0.0 2892.2
652 A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
646 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3051.8 3057.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
645 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3405.7 3367.9 0.0 0.0 0.0
634 ABC 14309 14486 0 0 14003 14058 14358 0 14150
633 ABC 3800.1 3728.7 0.0 0.0 3547.9 3456.7 3636.9 0.0 3673.8
632 ABC 4487.5 4334.3 0.0 0.0 4164.6 4008.4 4153.2 0.0 4283.8
611 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Windmil
Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)
Line-To-Line-To-Ground Fault (LLG)
Fault on AB Fault on BC Fault on CA
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
REG2 ABC 8446.2 8449.9 0.0 0.0 8446.2 8449.9 8449.9 0.0 8446.2
692 ABC 3091.3 3006.9 0.0 0.0 2778.9 2685.1 2822.5 0.0 2892.1
684 AC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2616.4 0.0 2644.8
680 ABC 2676.7 2610.3 0.0 0.0 2383.4 2306.8 2435.1 0.0 2489.2
675 ABC 2901.6 2816.3 0.0 0.0 2644.0 2519.8 2627.7 0.0 2713.8
671 ABC 3091.3 3006.9 0.0 0.0 2778.9 2685.1 2822.5 0.0 2892.1
652 A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
646 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3057.1 3051.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
645 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3405.7 3367.8 0.0 0.0 0.0
634 ABC 14309 14486 0 0 14003 14057 14357 0 14150
633 ABC 3799.9 3728.5 0.0 0.0 3547.9 3456.6 3636.8 0.0 3673.7
632 ABC 4487.1 4333.9 0.0 0.0 4164.6 4008.2 4152.9 0.0 4283.7
611 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
 7

RDAP
Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)
Line-To-Line Fault (LL)
Fault on AB Fault on BC Fault on CA
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
RG60 ABC 7289.2 7289.2 0.0 0.0 7289.2 7289.2 7289.2 0.0 7289.2
692 ABC 2938.4 2938.4 0.0 0.0 2599.6 2599.6 2735.0 0.0 2735.0
684 AC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2517.7 0.0 2517.7
680 ABC 2554.9 2554.9 0.0 0.0 2238.6 2238.6 2364.3 0.0 2364.3
675 ABC 2751.9 2751.9 0.0 0.0 2455.7 2455.7 2551.9 0.0 2551.9
671 ABC 2938.4 2938.4 0.0 0.0 2599.6 2599.6 2735.0 0.0 2735.0
652 A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
646 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2881.7 2881.7 0.0 0.0 0.0
645 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3191.2 3191.2 0.0 0.0 0.0
634 ABC 13236 13236 0 0 12782 12782 13057 0 13057
633 ABC 3586.2 3586.2 0.0 0.0 3298.5 3298.5 3469.2 0.0 3469.2
632 ABC 4195.2 4195.2 0.0 0.0 3836.0 3836.0 3982.2 0.0 3982.2
611 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Windmil
Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)
Line-To-Line Fault (LL)
Fault on AB Fault on BC Fault on CA
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
REG2 ABC 7288.7 7288.7 0.0 0.0 7288.7 7288.7 7288.7 0.0 7288.7
692 ABC 2938.1 2938.1 0.0 0.0 2599.6 2599.6 2734.9 0.0 2734.9
684 AC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2517.6 0.0 2517.6
680 ABC 2554.6 2554.6 0.0 0.0 2238.6 2238.6 2364.2 0.0 2364.2
675 ABC 2751.6 2751.6 0.0 0.0 2455.6 2455.6 2551.9 0.0 2551.9
671 ABC 2938.1 2938.1 0.0 0.0 2599.6 2599.6 2734.9 0.0 2734.9
652 A 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
646 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2881.7 2881.7 0.0 0.0 0.0
645 BC 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3191.1 3191.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
634 ABC 13235 13235 0 0 12782 12782 13057 0 13057
633 ABC 3586.0 3586.0 0.0 0.0 3298.4 3298.4 3469.1 0.0 3469.1
632 ABC 4194.9 4194.9 0.0 0.0 3835.9 3835.9 3982.1 0.0 3982.1
611 C 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
 8

Percent Differences between RDAP and Windmil

% Difference
Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)
Three-Phase To Ground
Three Phase Fault (LLL) Single Line-To-Ground Fault Fault
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
REG2 ABC 0.006% 0.006% 0.006% 0.003% 0.003% 0.003% 0.006% 0.006% 0.006%
692 ABC 0.009% 0.006% 0.001% 0.006% 0.001% 0.002% 0.011% 0.004% 0.001%
684 AC -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
680 ABC 0.011% 0.005% 0.001% 0.005% 0.000% 0.006% 0.010% 0.006% 0.001%
675 ABC 0.011% 0.005% 0.003% 0.009% 0.005% 0.007% 0.011% 0.006% 0.001%
671 ABC 0.009% 0.006% 0.001% 0.006% 0.001% 0.002% 0.011% 0.004% 0.001%
652 A -- -- -- 0.006% -- -- -- -- --
646 BC -- -- -- -- 0.001% 0.004% -- -- --
645 BC -- -- -- -- 0.001% 0.002% -- -- --
634 ABC 0.002% 0.001% 0.000% 0.002% 0.024% 0.001% 0.003% 0.001% 0.000%
633 ABC 0.006% 0.002% 0.002% 0.005% 0.000% 0.004% 0.006% 0.002% 0.003%
632 ABC 0.008% 0.006% 0.001% 0.004% 0.001% 0.004% 0.008% 0.006% 0.001%
611 C -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)

Line-To-Line-To-Ground Fault (LLG)
Fault on AB Fault on BC Fault on CA
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
REG2 ABC 0.001% 0.009% -- -- 0.001% 0.009% 0.009% -- 0.001%
692 ABC 0.010% 0.010% -- -- 0.002% 0.004% 0.004% -- 0.003%
684 AC -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.00% -- 0.00%
680 ABC 0.010% 0.008% -- -- 0.001% 0.004% 0.004% -- 0.002%
675 ABC 0.010% 0.004% -- -- 0.004% 0.000% 0.004% -- 0.001%
671 ABC 0.010% 0.010% -- -- 0.002% 0.004% 0.004% -- 0.003%
652 A -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
646 BC -- -- -- -- 0.172% 0.174% -- -- --
645 BC -- -- -- -- 0.000% 0.003% -- -- --
634 ABC 0.001% 0.002% -- -- 0.001% 0.000% 0.001% -- 0.002%
633 ABC 0.006% 0.005% -- -- 0.001% 0.003% 0.003% -- 0.002%
632 ABC 0.008% 0.009% -- -- 0.001% 0.005% 0.007% -- 0.002%
611 C -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
 9

% Difference
Short Circuit Currents - IEEE 13 Node (Amps)
Line-To-Line Fault (LL)
Fault on AB Fault on BC Fault on CA
Node Phase A B C A B C A B C
REG2 ABC 0.007% 0.007% -- -- 0.007% 0.007% 0.007% -- 0.007%
692 ABC 0.011% 0.011% -- -- 0.000% 0.000% 0.003% -- 0.003%
684 AC -- -- -- -- -- -- 0.00% -- 0.00%
680 ABC 0.011% 0.011% -- -- 0.002% 0.002% 0.003% -- 0.003%
675 ABC 0.010% 0.010% -- -- 0.002% 0.002% 0.001% -- 0.001%
671 ABC 0.011% 0.011% -- -- 0.000% 0.000% 0.003% -- 0.003%
652 A -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
646 BC -- -- -- -- 0.002% 0.002% -- -- --
645 BC -- -- -- -- 0.002% 0.002% -- -- --
634 ABC 0.002% 0.002% -- -- 0.000% 0.000% 0.001% -- 0.001%
633 ABC 0.007% 0.007% -- -- 0.003% 0.003% 0.002% -- 0.002%
632 ABC 0.008% 0.008% -- -- 0.004% 0.004% 0.002% -- 0.002%
611 C -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --