SECTION 03300

CAST–IN–PLACE CONCRETE

PART 1 GENERAL

1.01 SUMMARY

A. Section Includes. Work to be completed under this section shall include all labor,
equipment, plant and materials necessary to furnish and install all poured-in-place
concrete, together with all miscellaneous and appurtenant items, as shown on the
Plans and as specified herein.

1.02 REFERENCES

A. Except as modified or supplemented herein, all Work shall conform to the following
standards, latest edition. Refer to standards for detailed requirements.

1. ACI 318 - Building Code Requirement for Reinforced Concrete.

2. ACI 301 - Specifications for Structural Concrete for Buildings.

3. ACI 305 - Recommended Practice for Hot Weather Concreting.

4. ACI 306 - Recommended Practice for Cold Weather Concreting.

5. ACI 347 - Recommended Practice for Concrete Formwork.

6. ACI 350 - Code Requirements for Environmental Engineering Concrete

Structures.

7. Publication SP-2, ACI Manual for Concrete Inspection.

8. ASTM A 615 - Standard Specifications for Deformed and Plain Billet Steel
Bars for Concrete Reinforcement.

9. ASTM A 185 - Specifications for Welded Steel Fabric for Concrete

Reinforcement.

10. ASTM C 618 - Standard Specification for Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
Natural Pozzolan fur use as a Mineral Admixture in Portland Cement
Concrete.

1.03 SUBMITTALS

The following shall be submitted to and approved by the Engineer prior to beginning any
concrete work.

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 A. Lab Design Mix. Prior to the start of Work, Contractor to submit a statement of the
proportions for the concrete mixture. Statement to include:

1. Location & identification of aggregate source.

2. Batch quantities for one (1) cubic yard of concrete, including:

a. Weight of fine aggregate in a saturated surface dry condition.
b. Weight of coarse aggregate in a saturated surface dry condition.
c. Weight or number of 94 pound bags of cement
d. Weight or gallons of water.
e. Amount and description (including manufacturer, specific product
name, and number) of all admixtures.

3. Test results on trial batch concrete made from the proposed mix design,
including:
a. Cement factor in bags per cubic yard based on yield tests.
b. Water-cement ratio.
c. Percent of entrained air.
d. Consistency in inches of slump.
e. At least three 28-day compressive strength tests.

4. Brand, type and place of manufacture of cement.

5. Aggregate test results for grading, deleterious substances and physical

properties using test procedures developed by ACI. Aggregate shall be
free of substances that are deleteriously reactive with the alkali’s in the
cement in an amount sufficient to cause excessive expansion of the
concrete. Acceptable aggregate shall be based on satisfactory evidence
furnished by the Contractor that the aggregate is free from such
materials. This evidence shall include service records of concrete of
comparable properties under similar conditions of exposure and certified
records of tests by a testing laboratory that meets the requirements of
ASTM C 1077. Tests shall be made in accordance with ASTM C 1260.
Prior to approval of mixture design, the Contractor shall submit written
certification that the aggregate does not have a history of D-Cracking and
that the aggregate is approved by a state Department of Transportation
specifically addressing susceptibility to D-Cracking. If the aggregate is
not approved by a state agency, the aggregates may be approved
provided the aggregate is tested in accordance with ASTM C 666 and
receives a durability factor of 95 percent or greater.

B. Reinforcing Steel. Product data sheet and statement of manufacturer's compliance

with applicable standards.

C. Construction Joint Location. Where not indicated on the Plans the contractor shall
provide a plan indicating the proposed location of all construction joints in slabs
and walls for all fluid containing tanks. The contractor shall refer to “Section 3.03 –
Construction, control, and Expansion Joints” for a detailed description of joint
placement and construction within structures. Construction Joint submittals are not
required for structures other than fluid containing tanks.

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1.04 RECORD OF THE WORK

A. Contractor to keep a record of time, date and location of each concrete pour and
submit these records to the Engineer.

1.05 NOTICE OF INTENTION TO POUR

A. Contractor shall notify the Engineer at least 48 hours before an intended cast-in-
place concrete pour. No structural cast-in-place concrete shall be poured until all
reinforcing, forms and foundation soils have been inspected by the Engineer.

1.06 PROTECTION OF THE WORK

A. Contractor to be responsible for protection of all Work prior to acceptance. In place

concrete shall not be subjected to loadings or stress prematurely.

1.07 STORAGE OF MATERIALS

A. Cement and aggregate shall be stored in such a manner as to prevent deterioration

or intrusion of foreign matter. Any material which has deteriorated or which has
been damaged shall not be used for concrete.

B. All reinforcing steel shall be stored in a dry location and protected from excessive
accumulation of rust or scale.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

2.01 MATERIALS

A. Cement. All cement shall be Portland Cement Type II or V conforming to

"Standard Specifications for Portland Cement" (ASTM C 150) or Type MS or HS
conforming to “Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement” (ASTM
C 1157). The same brand cement for all exposed cast-in-place concrete shall be
used. Flyash conforming to ASTM C618 may be substituted for a portion of the
cement; type and amount to be approved at time of mix design submittal.

B. Stone Aggregate. Fine and course aggregate shall conform to "Specifications for
Concrete Aggregates" (ASTM C33-61T). Fine aggregates shall be clean, hard,
natural and free from all foreign matter. Course aggregate shall be sound, crushed
rock or gravel, free from adherent coating, organic water or injurious amounts of flat
or friable pieces.

C. Water. Water used in mixing shall be potable, cleaned and free from deleterious
amounts of oil, acids, alkalis and organic material.

D. Admixtures. "Protex" as manufactured by Protex Industries, Inc. and conforming to

Specifications of Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete (ASTM C260) is an
approved air-entraining admixture. Other admixtures for retarding or accelerating
concrete may be used in strict accordance with manufacturer's recommendations
and ASTM Specifications upon approval of the Engineer.

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 E. Form Material. For unexposed concrete surfaces, forms may be undressed lumber
free from excessive knots. For exposed surfaces, use wood or metal forms as
required to give finish as specified.

F. Reinforcing Steel. Reinforcing steel shall be deformed bars conforming to

"Standard Specifications for Deformed and Plain Billet Steel Bars for Concrete
Reinforcement" (ASTM A615) and shall be Grade 60.

G. Waterstop. Waterstop shall be SikaSwell S-2 as manufactured by Sika

Corporation or approved equal. Waterstop shall be bentonite-free.

H. Epoxy Sealer for Construction Joints. Epoxy sealer shall be SikaGuard 62 as

manufactured by Sika Corporation or approved equal.

PART 3 EXECUTION

3.01 CONCRETE MIX

A. Proportions. Concrete is to be proportioned according to laboratory designed

mixes using the type of aggregate, maximum water/cement (W/C) ratio, maximum
aggregate size, minimum of twenty-eight (28) day ultimate compressive strength,
and entrained air as follows:

Mix No. Location W/C Ratio Aggregate Strength Entrained Air

(Size No.) (psi) (%)
1 Walls, Footings, 0.53 67 4000 NR
Structural Slabs
2 Basins 0.45 67 4000 5 to 7

3 Curb, Gutter, 0.45 67 4500 5 to 7

Exterior Flatwork
4 Interior Flatwork 0.53 67 3500 NR

B. Air Entrainment. An air-entraining agent shall be added to all stone concrete so as

to entrain 5%-7% by volume. Air-entraining agents shall be in strict accordance
with the recommendations of the manufacturer and the testing laboratory for the
design mix to assure strength requirements are being fully met or exceeded.

C. Mixing of Materials. The concrete shall be mixed until there is a uniform distribution
of the materials and shall be discharged completely before the mixer is recharged.
For job-mixed concrete, the mixer shall be rotated at the speed recommended by
the manufacturer.

1. For stone concrete, mixing shall continue for at least one minute after all
materials are in the mixer. Ready mixed concrete shall be mixed and
delivered in accordance with "Standard Specifications for Ready Mixed
Concrete" (ASTM C94-69).

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 2. Sufficient time shall be allowed for proper mixing of the concrete to provide
uniformity throughout the batch. Long delays in concrete placement shall
be avoided and any concrete that has not been placed within 90 minutes
after water has been added to the mix shall be rejected. The 90 minute
time limit may be extended to 120 minutes if no water is added after 90
minutes and the concrete temperature prior to placement is less than 90 F.
Over wet mixes shall be rejected and shall not be corrected by the addition
of either aggregate or cement to the mixer. Mix not less than ten minutes in
transit mix trucks after addition of the mixing water.

D. Consistency. Slumps shall be minimum, consistent with placing requirements.

Slump test shall be made in accordance with "Slump Test for Consistency of
Portland Cement Concrete" (ASTM C143-58). Unless written approval is obtained
from the Engineer, the maximum slump shall be four (4”) inches.

3.02 CONCRETE FORMS

A. Forms shall conform to the shape, lines, grades and dimensions of the concrete as
detailed on the Plans. All forms for exposed finished surfaces shall be built with the
material needed to produce the form, texture and design specified in Concrete
Finishes of this section.

B. Design of Forms. Forms shall be sufficiently tight to prevent leakage of mortar and
shall be properly braced or tied together so as to maintain the desired position.
The formwork shall be designed for the loads outlined in Part 3, Section 102 of
"Recommended Practice for Concrete Form Work" (ACI 347). The forms shall be
oiled for ease of removal of forms after setting of concrete.

C. Form Ties and Incidentals. All form ties shall be bolts and rods (adjustable for
tightening) arranged so that no metal is within 3/4" of surface after removal of
forms. No ties through exposed concrete will be allowed. Ties for
water/wastewater structures (tanks, basins, channels etc.) shall be furnished with
water resistant washers and cones, as manufactured by SYMONS, or approved
equal. Ordinary wire ties will be allowed on building foundations with the specific
approval of the Engineer. Set forms for all required anchors, bolt inserts, slots,
sleeves, supports, etc., furnished under portions of this Specification and installed
under this section.

D. Removal of Forms. Forms shall not be disturbed until concrete has hardened
sufficiently to permit their removal with safety. The removal of the forms shall be
carried out in such a manner as to insure the safety of the structure. Unless
otherwise permitted by the Engineer, forms shall not be removed until 24 hours
after pouring.

3.03 CONSTRUCTION, CONTROL, AND EXPANSION JOINTS

Expansion, construction, and control joints shall be constructed in accordance with the
Plans, and the specifications found in this section.

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 A. Expansion joints - Unless otherwise indicated on the Plans, install one-half inch
(½”) thick asphalt impregnated fiberboard expansion joint filler (ASTM D1751)
wherever concrete slabs abut buildings or footings or as shown on the plan details.
All expansion joint filler shall extend full depth of the slab.

B. Control joints – control joints shall be placed in all non-fluid containing slabs-on-
grade, and shall not be spaced more than 20 feet on center, or forming an area
greater than 400 sq.ft. Control joints shall be sawn or trowel cut into concrete slab a
maximum of 12 hours after the concrete has been placed.

C. Construction joints – construction joints shall be constructed in accordance with the

Plans and placed at a maximum spacing provided in the following table:

Fluid filled Tank - Walls 50 ft on-center maximum parallel

spacing

Fluid filled Tank - Slabs 50 ft on-center maximum parallel

spacing

Non-fluid containing structures - Walls 50 ft on-center maximum parallel

spacing

Non-fluid containing structures - Slabs Construction joints shall be spaced

in accordance to the latest ACI &
IBC codes. Re: section 3.03, part B
– Control joints.

3.04 CONCRETE PLACEMENT

A. Preparation for Placing. Before placing concrete, all equipment for mixing and
transporting concrete shall be cleaned and all debris and ice shall be removed from
places to be occupied by concrete. Forms shall be properly treated and all
reinforcement cleaned of ice and other coatings. Water shall be removed from
place of deposit before concrete is placed.

B. Conveying. Concrete shall be conveyed from the mixer to the place of final
deposit by methods, which will prevent the separation or loss of the materials.
Equipment for chuting, pumping, or pneumatically conveying concrete shall be of
such size and design as to ensure a practically continuous flow of concrete at the
delivery and without separation of the materials.

C. Other Trades. Install by way of example, anchor bolts, reinforcing steel, pipe and
conduit openings and sleeves, bearing plates, and knockouts as provided by other
trades and as required by other trades. Provide minimum 7 days notice to
Engineer, Owner, or other trades prior to requiring materials or detailing
information. Installation to meet location, dimension and alignment requirements of
other trades.

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 D. Depositing. Concrete shall be deposited as nearly as practicable in its final
position to avoid segregation due to re-handling or flowing. The concreting shall be
carried on at such a rate that the concrete is at all times plastic and flows readily
into the space between the bars. No concrete that has been partially hardened or
been contaminated by foreign matter shall be deposited on the Work, nor shall re-
tempered concrete be used. When concreting is once started, it shall be carried on
as a continuous operation until the placing of the panel or section is completed.
Place concrete in approximately horizontal layers avoiding displacement of
reinforcement above fresh concrete and formation of seams and planes of
weakness in sections. When construction joints are necessary, they shall be
located as specified in this section under Construction Joints. For bonding fresh
concrete, roughen and clean exposed surface and brush with neat cement grout.
Place new concrete before grout takes initial set.

E. Compaction. Place concrete in layers not over 24" deep; compact each layer by
mechanical internal vibrating equipment supplemented by hand spading, rodding,
tamping, as directed. Vibrators shall not be used to transport concrete inside
forms. Limit vibration duration to the time necessary to produce satisfactory
consolidation without causing objectionable segregation. Do not insert vibrator into
lower courses that have begun to set.

F. Weather Conditions. Unless adequate protection is provided and the Engineer's

approval is obtained, concrete shall not be placed during rain, sleet, or snow.
When the mean temperature falls below 40ºF for 3 successive days, concreting
shall conform to "Recommended Practice for Cold Weather Conditions: (ACI 306
R-78). Concrete placed in hot weather shall meet the standards of "Recommended
Practice for Hot Weather Concreting (ACI 305R-77). Concrete is not to be placed
under water. A suitable means shall be provided for lowering the water level below
surfaces upon which concrete is to be placed. This may require excavating
approximately 12 inches below the bottom of the concrete surface and refilling with
gravel and compacting. The groundwater shall not be allowed to rise to the bottom
of the concrete until 24 hours after the concrete has been completed. Water shall
not be allowed to fall upon or run across the concrete during this period.

G. Protection and Curing. Concrete protection and curing shall be in conformance

with ACI 308-71. Immediately after placing or finishing, concrete surfaces not
covered by forms shall be protected from loss of surface moisture. All concrete
shall be kept in a moist condition for at least five (5) days after placement. Curing
compounds may be used upon approval of the Engineer.

3.05 SLABS ON GRADE

A. All slabs on grade shall be poured directly on prepared gravel sub grade where
shown on the Plans. Construction joints shall be placed such that no section of
slab is greater than 20 feet on a side. Finishes, Expansion & Control Joints &
Protection shall be as specified under other sections of this section.

B. Minimum six-inch (6") of screened crushed rock shall be installed under the entire
slab unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. The grading requirements as per
Section 02222 for the aggregate course shall apply.

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3.06 CONCRETE FINISHES

A. Patching. Patching shall be done on all concrete surfaces immediately after

stripping forms; all exposed surfaces shall have fins and other projections carefully
removed, offsets leveled, and voids saturated with water and patched to a true and
even surface with a wood float. Patch all holes left by the removal of the form ties
or bolts. Patching material shall be a stiff mixture of sand and cement, the color of
which matches the concrete being patched. Any major area of faulty or honey-
combed concrete shall be completely removed and patched at the direction of the
Engineer. For water/wastewater structures (tanks, basins, etc.), surface voids
larger than ¼” diameter shall be patched.

B. Floor slabs. All concrete slabs shall be screened to levels or grades indicated and
float finished monolithically completely free from humps or pits. Slabs shall not
show surface deviation in excess of one-quarter inch (1/4") when tested with a 10
ft. straightedge. Before the finish has set, the surface cement film shall be
removed with a fine brush in order to have a fine-grained, smooth but sanded
texture.

C. Rubbed finish. All exposed concrete surfaces for water/wastewater structures

(tanks, basins, etc.), shall have a rubbed finish. After removal of forms, rubbing of
all exterior surfaces shall be started as soon as its condition will permit.
Immediately before starting this Work, the concrete shall be kept thoroughly
saturated with water. Sufficient time shall have elapsed before the wetting down to
allow the mortar used in the pointing to thoroughly set. Surfaces to be finished
shall be rubbed with a medium course carborundum stone, using a small amount
of mortar on its face. The mortar shall be composed of cement and fine sand
mixed in the same proportions as the concrete being finished. Rubbing shall be
continued until all form marks, projections and irregularities have been removed, all
voids filled and a uniform surface has been obtained. The paste produced by this
rubbing shall be left in place.

D. After all concrete above the surface being treated has been cast, the final finish
shall be obtained by rubbing with a fine carborundum stone and water. This
rubbing shall be continued until the entire surface is of a smooth texture and
uniform color.

E. After the final rubbing is completed and the surface has dried, it shall be rubbed
with burlap to remove loose powder and objectionable marks.

F. Chamfer. All exposed exterior corners shall receive 3/4" chamfer.

3.07 REINFORCING

A. Placing Reinforcement. Reinforcing steel, at the time concrete is placed, shall be

free from scale, rust or other coatings that will destroy or reduce bond.
Reinforcement shall be accurately placed as shown on the Plans and shall be
adequately secured in position by concrete or metal chairs and spacers.

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 B. Reinforcing shall be furnished in the full lengths indicated on the Plans unless
otherwise authorized by the Engineer. Splicing of bars, except where shown on
the Plans or specified, shall not be permitted without written approval by the
Engineer. Reinforcement placed in any member shall be inspected before any
concrete is placed and the Engineer shall be notified 24 hours in advance before
any concrete placement.

C. The placing, fastening, splicing and supporting of reinforcing steel and welded wire
fabric shall be in accordance with the Plans and the latest edition of the CRSI
"Recommended Practice for Placing Reinforcing Bars" and in accordance with ACI
318-05. Bars shall be placed around all corners to splice steel in adjacent walls,
footers and slabs (such detailing may not be shown on Plans).

D. Concrete Protection & Reinforcement. Where not otherwise indicated on the

Plans, the minimum thickness of concrete over the reinforcement shall be as
follows:

1. Concrete deposited against earth: 3"

2. Slabs and walls not exposed to weather or earth: 1"

3. All other concrete placed in forms:

For bars larger than #5: 2"
For bars #5 or smaller: 1-1/2”

4. Sanitary Structures: 2”

E. Bearing Plates, anchor bolts, etc. Place all bearing plates, anchor bolts, reinforcing
rods and other structural items furnished by other trades. Contractor to provide 7-
day notice to all such trades prior to affected pour. Installation to be within
tolerances required by other trades.

3.08 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

A. Concrete Tests. 6" x 12" (or 4” x 8”) cylinders shall be taken at the point of placing
in the forms, shall be job cured and tested in accordance with ASTM Standards by
the Engineer. For each strength of concrete used, one set of four (4) cylinders for
each day's pour, but not less than one (1) set of cylinders for each 50 cubic yards
poured shall be taken. Two (2) cylinders at twenty-eight (28) days shall be tested
to determine strength. One cylinder at seven (7) days, and one cylinder at fifty six
(56) days may be tested as indicators at the direction of the Engineer. In addition,
when in the opinion of the Engineer there is a possibility of the surrounding air
temperature falling below 40º F; additional specimens to be cured under job
conditions may be required.

B. Enforcement of Strength Requirements. Should the strengths shown by the test

specimens fall below the specified values, the Engineer shall have the right to
require changes in proportions to apply on the remainder of the Work.

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 C. If concrete fails to meet the strength requirements of this specification, the
Engineer may order the Contractor to have a testing laboratory, acceptable to the
Engineer, take and test core samples of questionable concrete. The Engineer may
order all low-strength concrete removed and replaced if core strengths are below
specified strengths. All costs connected with concrete coring and removal and
replacement of low-strength concrete shall be borne by the Contractor.

1. Contractor shall repair all core holes at his expense.

D. Slump Tests. Engineer to conduct slump tests on each day's pour and on
individual trucks whenever concrete consistency varies. Test failure shall be
grounds for rejection of individual or batch loads.

E. Air Content. Engineer to conduct air tests on each day's pour and on individual
trucks as determined by the Engineer. Test failure shall be grounds for rejection of
entire batch until satisfactory tests are obtained.

3.09 CONCRETE REPAIR

A. Concrete Repair. In the event there are leaks as determined by the testing
program as specified on the drawings, Contractor shall make repairs as necessary
to satisfy the requirements of the program. Acceptable products are Sika and
Xypex type and installation methods as recommended by the manufacturer for the
specific application. Product and method of installation as selected by the
Contractor shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.

PART 4 MEASUREMENT AND BASIS OF PAYMENT

Where items are specifically included on the bid schedule, they will be paid for by the
unit given. All other items in this section that are essential to the project but for which
there are no specific pay items, will not be measured and paid for separately but shall
be included in the project.

END OF SECTION

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