While humanitarian intervention aims to reduce human suffering, it risks escalating violence and undermining sovereignty. A balanced approach is needed.
While humanitarian intervention aims to reduce human suffering, it risks escalating violence and undermining sovereignty. A balanced approach is needed.
While humanitarian intervention aims to reduce human suffering, it risks escalating violence and undermining sovereignty. A balanced approach is needed.
While humanitarian intervention aims to reduce human suffering, it risks escalating violence and undermining sovereignty. A balanced approach is needed.
Evaluate the success of third party involvement in the transforming one intra state conflict
away from violence and towards positive peace.
Introduction: intrastate armed conflict (also known as a civil conflict) is a conflict between a government and a non-state group that takes place largely within the territory of the state in question.
Reasons why third party involvement may succeed:
1. There is a strong supportive external environment with strong regional and international dimension 2. Parties in conflict will benefit from the transformation of peace from negative to positive 3. Third party is neutral, trusted by both sides 4. Third party has resources and expertise 5. Have the power to transform a conflict
Reasons why third party involvement may not succeed:
1. A third party involvement is imposed and not desired by at least one of the parties in the conflict 2. Third party involvement for self gain 3. Extremists commit acts of violence to destroy trust in negotiation process “The use of violence can never be legitimate.” Discuss the validity of this claim, with reference to at least one violent conflict you have studied.
Introduction: While the nature of war and war have changed over time, debates about whether and in what circumstances war can be justified have a much more enduring character. Three broad positions have been adopted on this issue and they are as follows; realpolitik, just war theory, and pacifism.
Realpolitik 1. The defining feature of political realism, sometimes referred to as realpolitik, is that matters of war and peace is beyond morality in that they are determined by the pursuit of national self interest. 2. Example: during the interwar period, UK and French policy makers, deluded by the theories of liberal internationalism, failed to act to prevent the re-emergence of Germany as an expansionist power, thereby contributing to the outbreak of WW2. The essence of realpolitik is that it is better to be hard headed than wrong headed. The sole way of maintaining peace is through the balance of power. 3. It is an example of moral relativism in that it is informed by a kind of ethical nationalism that places considerations of the national self interest above all other moral considerations.
Just war theory
1. The idea is based on the assumption that war can be justified and should be judged on the basis of ethical criteria. Key thinker is Hugo Grotius. 2. Human nature is a mix of good and evil where war is inevitable 3. The purpose of war must be to reestablish peace and justice 4. Right authority or legal legitimacy. The people starting violent conflicts should have legitimate authority to do so. Some question the legality of the Iraq war in 2003 since it was launched without a UN security council resolution. In contrast, military action against Libya in 2011 was authorized agreeing on all necessary measures to protect civilians. 5. Monopoly of violence: the legitimate use of physical force where states use violence against civilians. 6. Just in bello – the Geneva convention: under international law, it governs the conduct of armed conflict where it provides a legal framework and legitimacy to go to war. 7. Example: Afghanistan war as a just war since it was proved on the basis of self defense and to prevent the west from the threat of terrorism.
Pacifism: 1. Violence doesn’t solve anything Peacebuilding is more important than peacemaking. Yet it is given much less funding and attention. To what extent do you agree with this claim? Explain why non-violent protest is sometimes able to achieve success against even the most powerful of opponents.
Transforming armed conflict towards peace relies on an interrelationship of peacemaking, peace
keeping and peace building. Discuss.
If a person died from tuberculosis in the 18th century it would be hard to conceive of this as violence since it may have been unavoidable, but if he dies today, despite all the medical resources in the world, then violence is present. To what extent do you agree with the view that those in power have an obligation to identity nd prevent structural violence?
“Truth and reconciliation commissions are the most effective way to foster peace.” To what extent do you agree with this claim?
Evaluate the claim that humanitarian intervention is a justifiable intrusion
Speech by His Excellency The Governor of Vihiga County (Rev) Moses Akaranga During The Closing Ceremony of The Induction Course For The Sub-County and Ward Administrators.
Speech by His Excellency The Governor of Vihiga County (Rev) Moses Akaranga During The Closing Ceremony of The Induction Course For The Sub-County and Ward Administrators.
