Joanne D. Lazaro BSHM 1A

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Joanne D.

Lazaro
BSHM 1A

INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

The hospitality industry consists of broad category of fields within the service industry that
includes lodging, restaurants, event planning, theme parks, transportation, cruise line, and additional
fields within the tourism industry. The hospitality industry is a several billion dollar industry that mostly
depends on the availability of leisure time and disposable income. A hospitality unit such as a restaurant,
hotel, or even an amusement park consists of multiple groups such as facility maintenance, direct
operations (servers, housekeepers, porters, kitchen workers, bartenders, etc.), management, marketing,
and human resources.

The hospitality industry covers a wide range of organizations offering food service and accommodation.
The hospitality industry is divided into sectors according to the skill-sets required for the work involved.
Sectors include accommodation, food and beverage, meeting and events, gaming, entertainment and
recreation, tourism services, and visitor information.

Usage rate is an important variable for the hospitality industry. Just as a factory owner would wish to have
his or her productive asset in use as much as possible (as opposed to having to pay fixed costs while the
factory isn't producing), so do restaurants, hotels, and theme parks seek to maximize the number of
customers they "process".

In viewing various industries, "barriers to entry" by newcomers and competitive advantages between
current players are very important. Among other things, hospitality industry players find advantage in old
classics (location), initial and ongoing investment support (reflected in the material upkeep of facilities and
the luxuries located therein), and particular themes adopted by the marketing arm of the organization in
question (such as a restaurant called the 51st fighter group that has a WW2 theme in music and other
environmental aspects). Very important is also the characteristics of the personnel working in direct
contact with the customers. The authenticity, professionalism, and actual concern for the happiness and
well-being of the customers that is communicated by successful organizations is a clear competitive
advantage.
CHARACTERISTIC OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The people know that the restaurant/hospitality industry can be a truly unique and fun workplace, and
diverse in the scope of responsibilities that one can attain. As well as being a source for a very respectful
income. It's obvious there are many career options in the hospitality/restaurant industry. Each person will
know, in their own mind, which, if any, restaurant or hospitality career appeals to them.
An online course educates students in the principles of Hospitality Management, as well as hospitality
engineering systems and the catering business. Students learn about marketing, occupancy forecasting,
the front desk, reservations, organization, operations, security, room service, restaurant and bar
management, housekeeping, staffing, meetings, banquets, purchasing, accounting, and more. Best of all,
online Hospitality Management courses require no educational prerequisites or experience to enroll. 
An online certificate or degree in Hospitality Management qualifies graduates to apply for jobs at luxury
resorts, cruise ships, deluxe spas, and many others.
Hospitality Management professionals know how to build customer traffic, operate efficient food and
beverage services, and make sure guests are satisfied in every way. Hospitality Management can be
rigorous, as managers are frequently called upon at any time of day or night. Hospitality Management
handles emergencies, requiring excellent communication and interpersonal skills and a great deal of self-
discipline.

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The following are specific career opportunities you can obtain in the hospitality industry:

LODGING
- Hotel Manager
- Sales Manager
- Travel Journalist
- Front Office Manager
- Reservation Manager

FOOD & BEVERAGE 


- Restaurant Manager
- Kitchen Manager 
- Banquet Manager
- Chef 
- Bar/Club Manager

RECREATIONAL SERVICES
- Campground Manager
- Tour Escort/Operator
- Meeting/Conference Planner
- Travel Consultant
- Recreation Specialist
EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENT
 Education requirements for a hotel management job vary according to the position. Entry-level jobs are
available in many areas of hotel management. Many of the people who obtain these jobs have an
educational background in general business management or some years of experience on the job, or both.
Coursework

ENTRY LEVEL MANAGEMENT POSITIONS

 Hotel, motel and hostel managers usually learn general management skills, specific skills that are
central to the hospitality industry, and event planning. They take courses in travel and tourism,
purchasing, marketing and advertising, and sometimes in catering and food and beverage purchasing.
Some management jobs require an undergraduate degree, diploma or certificate specifically in the
hospitality field. Most require, at minimum, an associates' degree.
Essential Training
 Hotel (hospitality) managers need training in general business, accounting and finance, management
skills, marketing, public speaking, and writing and communications skills.
About CHRIE
 CHRIE -- the International Council on Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Education -- publishes what it
calls "the only complete and comprehensive Guide to College Programs in Hospitality, Tourism and
Culinary Arts." The guide is published in CD-ROM and print formats. The organization calls it an essential
resource for prospective students and industry employees because it lists accredited programs in
hospitality and tourism.

HISTORY OF LODGING OPERATION(TIME LINE)

1910 -  The American Hotel Protective Association (now AH&LA) is founded in


Chicago. The lodging industry consists almost entirely of hotels situated in
urban centers and resorts near the principal vacation destinations. Electricity is
beginning to be installed in new hotels for cooking purposes, as well as for
lighting. However, most hotels place candlesticks, new  candles, and matches
in every room- electric light bulb or not.  
1916 -  The Federal Road Aid Act spawns a new segment of the lodging industry.
1917 -  The American Hotel Protective Association changes its name to the American
Hotel Association (AHA) of the United States and Canada.
1919 -  Conrad Hilton purchases his first hotel, The Mobley, in Cisco, Texas. 
 
1920 -  Prohibition begins.
 
1922 -  The Treadway Company has some of the first management contracts on small
college inns. The first collegiate program in hotel and restaurant management is
initiated at Cornell University by the American Hotel Association.
1925 -  The first roadside "motel" opens in San Luis Obispo, Calif., for $2.50 a night.  
1927 -  The Hotel Statler in Boston becomes the first hotel with radio reception; rooms
are equipped with individual headsets to receive broadcasts from a central
control room. The American Hotel Association merge with the Hotel Red Book,
first printed in 1886. The Huntington Hotel in Calif. installs the first Olympic-size
hotel swimming pool.
1928 -  There are more than 580,000 industry employees.  
1929 -  Western Hotels, now Westin, starts with 17 hotels in the Pacific Northwest and
establishes the first U.S. hotel management company. The Oakland Airport
Hotel becomes the first of its kind in the country.
1930 -  Four out of five hotels in the United States go into receivership. The standard
travel agent commission is 10 percent.
1931 -  AHA's Chain Hotel Systems debuts, later known as  theDirectory of Hotel &
Motel Companies. 
1933 -  Due to the Great Depression, hotels post the lowest average occupancy rate on
record, 51 percent. Construction grinds to a halt.
1934 -  The Hotel Statler in Detroit is the first to have a central system to "air condition"
every public room.
1937 -  Membership in the Waiters and Bartenders National Union, which
encompasses hotel employees, exceeds 200,000.
1939 -  Quality Courts, later Choice Hotels International, is formed by seven motel
operators as a nonprofit referral  system.
1940 -  Air conditioning and "air cooling" become prevalent.  
1945 -  Sheraton is the first hotel corporation to be listed on the New York Stock
Exchange. Travelodge becomes the first economy lodging corporation.
1946 -  Westin debuts first guest credit card. Best Western is founded by M.K. Guertin
and 54 friends. Occupancy reaches the highest-ever rate, 93 percent. The first
casino hotel, the Flamingo, debuts in Las Vegas. Larry and Bob Tisch purchase
Laurel-in-the-Pines, Lakewood, N.J., which evolved into Loews Hotels.  
1947 -  Westin establishes Hoteltype, the first hotel reservation system. New York
City's Roosevelt Hotel installs television sets in all guestrooms.
1949 -  Hilton becomes the first international hotel chain with the opening of  the Caribe
Hilton in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

1951 -   The American Hotel Institute, later to be renamed the Educational Institute, is launched. Hilton  
is the first chain to install television sets in all guestrooms.
1952 -   Kemmons Wilson opens his first Holiday Inn in Memphis, Tenn., named after a Bing Crosby
movie.  
1953 -   AHA buys the Universal Credit Card. The American Hotel Foundation, a subsidiary of AHA, is
founded.
1954 -   Howard Dearing Johnson initiates the first lodging franchise, a motor lodge in Savannah, Ga.
Conrad Hilton's purchase of the Statler Hotel Company for $111 million is largest real estate
transaction in history. An inn in Flagstaff, Ariz., is the first in a series of "motor hotels" forming
Ramada, a Spanish word meaning "a shaded resting place."
Mid Atlas Hotels develops the first in-room coffee concept.
1950s -  
1957 -   J.W. Marriott opens his first hotel, the Twin Bridges Marriott Motor Hotel in Arlington,Va., and
Jay Pritzker buys his first hotel, The Hyatt House, located outside the Los Angeles Airport.
Hilton offers direct-dial telephone service.
1958 -   AHA sells license for the Universal Travel Card to American Express.  Sheraton introduces
Reservatron, the industry's first automated electronic reservation system, and the first toll-free
reservation number. Omni Hotels, originally Dunfey Hotels, is founded.

Early Siegas introduces the first true minibar (a small refrigerator displaying products).  
1960s -  
1962 -   Curt Carlson buys shares of The Radisson Hotel in Minneapolis,  Minn. Motel 6, the forerunner
of budget brands, opens in Santa Barbara, Calif.
1963 -   AHA changes its name to the American Hotel & Lodging Association Desegregation in hotels
has started.
1964 -   Travelodge debuts wheelchair-accessible rooms.
1966 -   Best Western becomes the first hotel company to be wholly governed by a board of directors
made up entirely of its own member hoteliers. Inter-Continental introduces retractable drying
lines in guest showers, business lounges, ice and vending machines in guest corridors, and
street entrances for hotel restaurants.
1967 -   The Atlanta Hyatt Regency opens, featuring a 21-story atrium and changing the course  of
upscale hotel design. Hyatt Hotels Corporation splits into a real-estate holding company.
1969 -   Westin is the first hotel chain to implement 24-hour room service.
1970 -   Hilton becomes the first billion-dollar lodging and food service company and the first to enter
the Las Vegas market. Cecil B. Day opens the first Days Inn on Tybee Island, Ga.
1973 -   The Sheraton-Anaheim is the first to offer free in-room movies.  
1974 -   The energy crisis hits the industry - hotels dim exterior signs,cut heat to unoccupied rooms,
and ask guests to conserve electricity.
1975 -   Lodging magazine is authorized as the official publication of AH&MA. Four Seasons is the first
hotel company to offer in-room amenities such as name-brand shampoo. Hyatt introduces an
industry first when it opens its Regency Club, a concierge club level that provides the ultimate
in VIP services.
1976 -   Two Florida hotels are the first to offer HBO in guestrooms.
1977 -   Showtime and The Movie Channel debut in hotels.
1979 -   Hyatt names its first woman general manager, Cheryl Phelps, to the former Queen Mary Hyatt
in Long Beach, Calif.
1983 -   Westin is the first major hotel company to offer reservations and checkout using major credit
cards. VingCard invents the optical electronic key card.
1984 -   Holiday Inn is the first to offer a centralized travel agent commission plan. Choice Hotels
introduces the concept of market segmentation. Choice Hotels offers no-smoking rooms.
Hampton Inns is the first to offer a set of amenities. Holiday Inn debuts Embassy Suites
Hotels, the first nationwide all-suite hotel chain, in Overland Park, Kan.
1986 -   Teledex Corporation introduces the first telephone designed  specifically for hotel guestrooms.
Days Inn provides an interactive reservations capability connecting all hotels.
1988 -   Extended stay segment introduced with Marriott's Residence Inns and Holiday Corporation's
Homewood Suites.
1989 -   Hyatt introduces a chainwide kids program for ages 3-12 and a business center at the Hyatt
Regency Chicago. Hampton Inns is the first hotel chain to introduce the 100 percent
satisfaction guarantee.
1990 -   Loews Hotels' Good Neighbor Policy becomes the industry's first and most comprehensive
community outreach program.
1991 -   Westin is the first hotel chain to provide in-room voice mail. Industry sees record losses, 61.8
percent.
1992 -   Industry breaks even financially after six consecutive years of losses.
1993 -   Radisson Hotels Worldwide is the first to introduce business-class rooms.
1994 -   First online hotel catalog debuts - TravelWeb.com. Promus and
Hyatt Hotels are the first chains to establish a site on the Internet.
1995 -   Choice Hotels International and Promus become the first companies to offer guests "real-time"
access to its central reservations system. Choice and Holiday Inn are the first to introduce
online booking capability.
1996 -   Best Western celebrates its 50th anniversary, making it the oldest continually operating brand.
1999 -   Choice Hotels International is the first chain to test making in-room PCs a standard  amenity
for guests. Starwood Hotels & Resorts takes the boutique segment mainstream with the
opening of its W brand.

2000 - Hilton unveils plans for the first luxury hotel in space.

2001 - Industry is rocked by the events of September 11.  U.S. hotels lose more than $700 million in
revenue in the two weeks immediately following the terrorist attacks.

2004 - After three years of declining revenues, the U.S. lodging industry returns to postive profit growth.

2005 - University of Maryland College (UMUC) Inn & Conference Center becomes the first LEED-certified
hotel and conference center.

2006 - Twenty-four new hotel brands launched between 2005 and 2006, bringing the total number of
brands to 210 (compared to 81 brands in 1980).

2007 - The average daily rate (ADR) for a U.S. hotel room breaks the $100.00 mark.  ADR reaches
$103.87.

2008 - Proximity Hotel in Greensboro, NC earns the U.S. Green Building Council's top level of certification
as a Platinum LEED property.
LODGING SEGMENT OPERATION

 RockResorts - a luxury hotel management company with a current portfolio of eight properties,
including four Company-owned and four managed third-party owned resort hotels with locations in
Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico and St. Lucia, West Indies as well as six properties currently under
development that the Company will manage;
 Six additional independently flagged Company-owned hotels, management of the Vail Marriott
Mountain Resort & Spa (“Vail Marriott”), Mountain Thunder Lodge, Crystal Peak Lodge and Austria
Haus Hotel and condominium management operations, all of which are in and around the Company's
Colorado ski resorts
 GTLC - a summer destination resort with three resort properties in the Grand Teton National Park
and the Jackson Hole Golf & Tennis Club (“JHG&TC”) near Jackson, Wyoming;
 CME - a resort ground transportation company;
 Five Company-owned resort golf courses in Colorado and one in Wyoming.

The Lodging segment currently includes approximately 3,900 owned and managed hotel and
condominium rooms. The Company's resort hotels collectively offer a wide range of services to guests.

Jemboy Ruelo

BSHM-3

INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

The hospitality industry consists of broad category of fields within the service industry that
includes lodging, restaurants, event planning, theme parks, transportation, cruise line, and additional
fields within the tourism industry. The hospitality industry is a several billion dollar industry that mostly
depends on the availability of leisure time and disposable income. A hospitality unit such as a restaurant,
hotel, or even an amusement park consists of multiple groups such as facility maintenance, direct
operations (servers, housekeepers, porters, kitchen workers, bartenders, etc.), management, marketing,
and human resources.

The hospitality industry covers a wide range of organizations offering food service and accommodation.
The hospitality industry is divided into sectors according to the skill-sets required for the work involved.
Sectors include accommodation, food and beverage, meeting and events, gaming, entertainment and
recreation, tourism services, and visitor information.

Usage rate is an important variable for the hospitality industry. Just as a factory owner would wish to have
his or her productive asset in use as much as possible (as opposed to having to pay fixed costs while the
factory isn't producing), so do restaurants, hotels, and theme parks seek to maximize the number of
customers they "process".

In viewing various industries, "barriers to entry" by newcomers and competitive advantages between
current players are very important. Among other things, hospitality industry players find advantage in old
classics (location), initial and ongoing investment support (reflected in the material upkeep of facilities and
the luxuries located therein), and particular themes adopted by the marketing arm of the organization in
question (such as a restaurant called the 51st fighter group that has a WW2 theme in music and other
environmental aspects). Very important is also the characteristics of the personnel working in direct
contact with the customers. The authenticity, professionalism, and actual concern for the happiness and
well-being of the customers that is communicated by successful organizations is a clear competitive
advantage.

CHARACTERISTIC OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The people know that the restaurant/hospitality industry can be a truly unique and fun workplace, and
diverse in the scope of responsibilities that one can attain. As well as being a source for a very respectful
income. It's obvious there are many career options in the hospitality/restaurant industry. Each person will
know, in their own mind, which, if any, restaurant or hospitality career appeals to them.
An online course educates students in the principles of Hospitality Management, as well as hospitality
engineering systems and the catering business. Students learn about marketing, occupancy forecasting,
the front desk, reservations, organization, operations, security, room service, restaurant and bar
management, housekeeping, staffing, meetings, banquets, purchasing, accounting, and more. Best of all,
online Hospitality Management courses require no educational prerequisites or experience to enroll. 
An online certificate or degree in Hospitality Management qualifies graduates to apply for jobs at luxury
resorts, cruise ships, deluxe spas, and many others.
Hospitality Management professionals know how to build customer traffic, operate efficient food and
beverage services, and make sure guests are satisfied in every way. Hospitality Management can be
rigorous, as managers are frequently called upon at any time of day or night. Hospitality Management
handles emergencies, requiring excellent communication and interpersonal skills and a great deal of self-
discipline.

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The following are specific career opportunities you can obtain in the hospitality industry:

LODGING
- Hotel Manager
- Sales Manager
- Travel Journalist
- Front Office Manager
- Reservation Manager

FOOD & BEVERAGE 


- Restaurant Manager
- Kitchen Manager 
- Banquet Manager
- Chef 
- Bar/Club Manager

RECREATIONAL SERVICES
- Campground Manager
- Tour Escort/Operator
- Meeting/Conference Planner
- Travel Consultant
- Recreation Specialist

EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENT
 Education requirements for a hotel management job vary according to the position. Entry-level jobs are
available in many areas of hotel management. Many of the people who obtain these jobs have an
educational background in general business management or some years of experience on the job, or both.
Coursework

ENTRY LEVEL MANAGEMENT POSITIONS

 Hotel, motel and hostel managers usually learn general management skills, specific skills that are
central to the hospitality industry, and event planning. They take courses in travel and tourism,
purchasing, marketing and advertising, and sometimes in catering and food and beverage purchasing.
Some management jobs require an undergraduate degree, diploma or certificate specifically in the
hospitality field. Most require, at minimum, an associates' degree.
Essential Training
 Hotel (hospitality) managers need training in general business, accounting and finance, management
skills, marketing, public speaking, and writing and communications skills.
About CHRIE
 CHRIE -- the International Council on Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Education -- publishes what it
calls "the only complete and comprehensive Guide to College Programs in Hospitality, Tourism and
Culinary Arts." The guide is published in CD-ROM and print formats. The organization calls it an essential
resource for prospective students and industry employees because it lists accredited programs in
hospitality and tourism.

HISTORY OF LODGING OPERATION(TIME LINE)

1910 -  The American Hotel Protective Association (now AH&LA) is founded in


Chicago. The lodging industry consists almost entirely of hotels situated in
urban centers and resorts near the principal vacation destinations. Electricity is
beginning to be installed in new hotels for cooking purposes, as well as for
lighting. However, most hotels place candlesticks, new  candles, and matches
in every room- electric light bulb or not.  
1916 -  The Federal Road Aid Act spawns a new segment of the lodging industry.
1917 -  The American Hotel Protective Association changes its name to the American
Hotel Association (AHA) of the United States and Canada.
1919 -  Conrad Hilton purchases his first hotel, The Mobley, in Cisco, Texas. 
 
1920 -  Prohibition begins.
 
1922 -  The Treadway Company has some of the first management contracts on small
college inns. The first collegiate program in hotel and restaurant management is
initiated at Cornell University by the American Hotel Association.
1925 -  The first roadside "motel" opens in San Luis Obispo, Calif., for $2.50 a night.  
1927 -  The Hotel Statler in Boston becomes the first hotel with radio reception; rooms
are equipped with individual headsets to receive broadcasts from a central
control room. The American Hotel Association merge with the Hotel Red Book,
first printed in 1886. The Huntington Hotel in Calif. installs the first Olympic-size
hotel swimming pool.
1928 -  There are more than 580,000 industry employees.  
1929 -  Western Hotels, now Westin, starts with 17 hotels in the Pacific Northwest and
establishes the first U.S. hotel management company. The Oakland Airport
Hotel becomes the first of its kind in the country.
1930 -  Four out of five hotels in the United States go into receivership. The standard
travel agent commission is 10 percent.
1931 -  AHA's Chain Hotel Systems debuts, later known as  theDirectory of Hotel &
Motel Companies. 
1933 -  Due to the Great Depression, hotels post the lowest average occupancy rate on
record, 51 percent. Construction grinds to a halt.
1934 -  The Hotel Statler in Detroit is the first to have a central system to "air condition"
every public room.
1937 -  Membership in the Waiters and Bartenders National Union, which
encompasses hotel employees, exceeds 200,000.
1939 -  Quality Courts, later Choice Hotels International, is formed by seven motel
operators as a nonprofit referral  system.
1940 -  Air conditioning and "air cooling" become prevalent.  
1945 -  Sheraton is the first hotel corporation to be listed on the New York Stock
Exchange. Travelodge becomes the first economy lodging corporation.
1946 -  Westin debuts first guest credit card. Best Western is founded by M.K. Guertin
and 54 friends. Occupancy reaches the highest-ever rate, 93 percent. The first
casino hotel, the Flamingo, debuts in Las Vegas. Larry and Bob Tisch purchase
Laurel-in-the-Pines, Lakewood, N.J., which evolved into Loews Hotels.  
1947 -  Westin establishes Hoteltype, the first hotel reservation system. New York
City's Roosevelt Hotel installs television sets in all guestrooms.
1949 -  Hilton becomes the first international hotel chain with the opening of  the Caribe
Hilton in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

1951 -   The American Hotel Institute, later to be renamed the Educational Institute, is launched. Hilton  
is the first chain to install television sets in all guestrooms.
1952 -   Kemmons Wilson opens his first Holiday Inn in Memphis, Tenn., named after a Bing Crosby
movie.  
1953 -   AHA buys the Universal Credit Card. The American Hotel Foundation, a subsidiary of AHA, is
founded.
1954 -   Howard Dearing Johnson initiates the first lodging franchise, a motor lodge in Savannah, Ga.
Conrad Hilton's purchase of the Statler Hotel Company for $111 million is largest real estate
transaction in history. An inn in Flagstaff, Ariz., is the first in a series of "motor hotels" forming
Ramada, a Spanish word meaning "a shaded resting place."
Mid Atlas Hotels develops the first in-room coffee concept.
1950s -  
1957 -   J.W. Marriott opens his first hotel, the Twin Bridges Marriott Motor Hotel in Arlington,Va., and
Jay Pritzker buys his first hotel, The Hyatt House, located outside the Los Angeles Airport.
Hilton offers direct-dial telephone service.
1958 -   AHA sells license for the Universal Travel Card to American Express.  Sheraton introduces
Reservatron, the industry's first automated electronic reservation system, and the first toll-free
reservation number. Omni Hotels, originally Dunfey Hotels, is founded.

Early Siegas introduces the first true minibar (a small refrigerator displaying products).  
1960s -  
1962 -   Curt Carlson buys shares of The Radisson Hotel in Minneapolis,  Minn. Motel 6, the forerunner
of budget brands, opens in Santa Barbara, Calif.
1963 -   AHA changes its name to the American Hotel & Lodging Association Desegregation in hotels
has started.
1964 -   Travelodge debuts wheelchair-accessible rooms.
1966 -   Best Western becomes the first hotel company to be wholly governed by a board of directors
made up entirely of its own member hoteliers. Inter-Continental introduces retractable drying
lines in guest showers, business lounges, ice and vending machines in guest corridors, and
street entrances for hotel restaurants.
1967 -   The Atlanta Hyatt Regency opens, featuring a 21-story atrium and changing the course  of
upscale hotel design. Hyatt Hotels Corporation splits into a real-estate holding company.
1969 -   Westin is the first hotel chain to implement 24-hour room service.
1970 -   Hilton becomes the first billion-dollar lodging and food service company and the first to enter
the Las Vegas market. Cecil B. Day opens the first Days Inn on Tybee Island, Ga.
1973 -   The Sheraton-Anaheim is the first to offer free in-room movies.  
1974 -   The energy crisis hits the industry - hotels dim exterior signs,cut heat to unoccupied rooms,
and ask guests to conserve electricity.
1975 -   Lodging magazine is authorized as the official publication of AH&MA. Four Seasons is the first
hotel company to offer in-room amenities such as name-brand shampoo. Hyatt introduces an
industry first when it opens its Regency Club, a concierge club level that provides the ultimate
in VIP services.
1976 -   Two Florida hotels are the first to offer HBO in guestrooms.
1977 -   Showtime and The Movie Channel debut in hotels.
1979 -   Hyatt names its first woman general manager, Cheryl Phelps, to the former Queen Mary Hyatt
in Long Beach, Calif.
1983 -   Westin is the first major hotel company to offer reservations and checkout using major credit
cards. VingCard invents the optical electronic key card.
1984 -   Holiday Inn is the first to offer a centralized travel agent commission plan. Choice Hotels
introduces the concept of market segmentation. Choice Hotels offers no-smoking rooms.
Hampton Inns is the first to offer a set of amenities. Holiday Inn debuts Embassy Suites
Hotels, the first nationwide all-suite hotel chain, in Overland Park, Kan.
1986 -   Teledex Corporation introduces the first telephone designed  specifically for hotel guestrooms.
Days Inn provides an interactive reservations capability connecting all hotels.
1988 -   Extended stay segment introduced with Marriott's Residence Inns and Holiday Corporation's
Homewood Suites.
1989 -   Hyatt introduces a chainwide kids program for ages 3-12 and a business center at the Hyatt
Regency Chicago. Hampton Inns is the first hotel chain to introduce the 100 percent
satisfaction guarantee.
1990 -   Loews Hotels' Good Neighbor Policy becomes the industry's first and most comprehensive
community outreach program.
1991 -   Westin is the first hotel chain to provide in-room voice mail. Industry sees record losses, 61.8
percent.
1992 -   Industry breaks even financially after six consecutive years of losses.
1993 -   Radisson Hotels Worldwide is the first to introduce business-class rooms.
1994 -   First online hotel catalog debuts - TravelWeb.com. Promus and
Hyatt Hotels are the first chains to establish a site on the Internet.
1995 -   Choice Hotels International and Promus become the first companies to offer guests "real-time"
access to its central reservations system. Choice and Holiday Inn are the first to introduce
online booking capability.
1996 -   Best Western celebrates its 50th anniversary, making it the oldest continually operating brand.
1999 -   Choice Hotels International is the first chain to test making in-room PCs a standard  amenity
for guests. Starwood Hotels & Resorts takes the boutique segment mainstream with the
opening of its W brand.

2000 - Hilton unveils plans for the first luxury hotel in space.

2001 - Industry is rocked by the events of September 11.  U.S. hotels lose more than $700 million in
revenue in the two weeks immediately following the terrorist attacks.

2004 - After three years of declining revenues, the U.S. lodging industry returns to postive profit growth.

2005 - University of Maryland College (UMUC) Inn & Conference Center becomes the first LEED-certified
hotel and conference center.

2006 - Twenty-four new hotel brands launched between 2005 and 2006, bringing the total number of
brands to 210 (compared to 81 brands in 1980).

2007 - The average daily rate (ADR) for a U.S. hotel room breaks the $100.00 mark.  ADR reaches
$103.87.

2008 - Proximity Hotel in Greensboro, NC earns the U.S. Green Building Council's top level of certification
as a Platinum LEED property.

LODGING SEGMENT OPERATION

 RockResorts - a luxury hotel management company with a current portfolio of eight properties,
including four Company-owned and four managed third-party owned resort hotels with locations in
Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico and St. Lucia, West Indies as well as six properties currently under
development that the Company will manage;
 Six additional independently flagged Company-owned hotels, management of the Vail Marriott
Mountain Resort & Spa (“Vail Marriott”), Mountain Thunder Lodge, Crystal Peak Lodge and Austria
Haus Hotel and condominium management operations, all of which are in and around the Company's
Colorado ski resorts
 GTLC - a summer destination resort with three resort properties in the Grand Teton National Park
and the Jackson Hole Golf & Tennis Club (“JHG&TC”) near Jackson, Wyoming;
 CME - a resort ground transportation company;
 Five Company-owned resort golf courses in Colorado and one in Wyoming.

The Lodging segment currently includes approximately 3,900 owned and managed hotel and
condominium rooms. The Company's resort hotels collectively offer a wide range of services to guests.

CHARACTERISTIC OF HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The people know that the restaurant/hospitality industry can be a truly unique and fun workplace, and
diverse in the scope of responsibilities that one can attain. As well as being a source for a very respectful
income. It's obvious there are many career options in the hospitality/restaurant industry. Each person will
know, in their own mind, which, if any, restaurant or hospitality career appeals to them.
An online course educates students in the principles of Hospitality Management, as well as hospitality
engineering systems and the catering business. Students learn about marketing, occupancy forecasting,
the front desk, reservations, organization, operations, security, room service, restaurant and bar
management, housekeeping, staffing, meetings, banquets, purchasing, accounting, and more. Best of all,
online Hospitality Management courses require no educational prerequisites or experience to enroll. 
An online certificate or degree in Hospitality Management qualifies graduates to apply for jobs at luxury
resorts, cruise ships, deluxe spas, and many others.
Hospitality Management professionals know how to build customer traffic, operate efficient food and
beverage services, and make sure guests are satisfied in every way. Hospitality Management can be
rigorous, as managers are frequently called upon at any time of day or night. Hospitality Management
handles emergencies, requiring excellent communication and interpersonal skills and a great deal of self-
discipline.
CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY

The following are specific career opportunities you can obtain in the hospitality industry:

LODGING
- Hotel Manager
- Sales Manager
- Travel Journalist
- Front Office Manager
- Reservation Manager

FOOD & BEVERAGE 


- Restaurant Manager
- Kitchen Manager 
- Banquet Manager
- Chef 
- Bar/Club Manager

RECREATIONAL SERVICES
- Campground Manager
- Tour Escort/Operator
- Meeting/Conference Planner
- Travel Consultant
- Recreation Specialist

EDUCATIONAL REQUIREMENT
 Education requirements for a hotel management job vary according to the position. Entry-level jobs are
available in many areas of hotel management. Many of the people who obtain these jobs have an
educational background in general business management or some years of experience on the job, or both.
Coursework

ENTRY LEVEL MANAGEMENT POSITIONS

 Hotel, motel and hostel managers usually learn general management skills, specific skills that are
central to the hospitality industry, and event planning. They take courses in travel and tourism,
purchasing, marketing and advertising, and sometimes in catering and food and beverage purchasing.
Some management jobs require an undergraduate degree, diploma or certificate specifically in the
hospitality field. Most require, at minimum, an associates' degree.
Essential Training
 Hotel (hospitality) managers need training in general business, accounting and finance, management
skills, marketing, public speaking, and writing and communications skills.
About CHRIE
 CHRIE -- the International Council on Hotel, Restaurant and Institutional Education -- publishes what it
calls "the only complete and comprehensive Guide to College Programs in Hospitality, Tourism and
Culinary Arts." The guide is published in CD-ROM and print formats. The organization calls it an essential
resource for prospective students and industry employees because it lists accredited programs in
hospitality and tourism.
HISTORY OF LODGING OPERATION(TIME LINE)

1910 -  The American Hotel Protective Association (now AH&LA) is founded in


Chicago. The lodging industry consists almost entirely of hotels situated in
urban centers and resorts near the principal vacation destinations. Electricity is
beginning to be installed in new hotels for cooking purposes, as well as for
lighting. However, most hotels place candlesticks, new  candles, and matches
in every room- electric light bulb or not.  
1916 -  The Federal Road Aid Act spawns a new segment of the lodging industry.
1917 -  The American Hotel Protective Association changes its name to the American
Hotel Association (AHA) of the United States and Canada.
1919 -  Conrad Hilton purchases his first hotel, The Mobley, in Cisco, Texas. 
 
1920 -  Prohibition begins.
 
1922 -  The Treadway Company has some of the first management contracts on small
college inns. The first collegiate program in hotel and restaurant management is
initiated at Cornell University by the American Hotel Association.
1925 -  The first roadside "motel" opens in San Luis Obispo, Calif., for $2.50 a night.  
1927 -  The Hotel Statler in Boston becomes the first hotel with radio reception; rooms
are equipped with individual headsets to receive broadcasts from a central
control room. The American Hotel Association merge with the Hotel Red Book,
first printed in 1886. The Huntington Hotel in Calif. installs the first Olympic-size
hotel swimming pool.
1928 -  There are more than 580,000 industry employees.  
1929 -  Western Hotels, now Westin, starts with 17 hotels in the Pacific Northwest and
establishes the first U.S. hotel management company. The Oakland Airport
Hotel becomes the first of its kind in the country.
1930 -  Four out of five hotels in the United States go into receivership. The standard
travel agent commission is 10 percent.
1931 -  AHA's Chain Hotel Systems debuts, later known as  theDirectory of Hotel &
Motel Companies. 
1933 -  Due to the Great Depression, hotels post the lowest average occupancy rate on
record, 51 percent. Construction grinds to a halt.
1934 -  The Hotel Statler in Detroit is the first to have a central system to "air condition"
every public room.
1937 -  Membership in the Waiters and Bartenders National Union, which
encompasses hotel employees, exceeds 200,000.
1939 -  Quality Courts, later Choice Hotels International, is formed by seven motel
operators as a nonprofit referral  system.
1940 -  Air conditioning and "air cooling" become prevalent.  
1945 -  Sheraton is the first hotel corporation to be listed on the New York Stock
Exchange. Travelodge becomes the first economy lodging corporation.
1946 -  Westin debuts first guest credit card. Best Western is founded by M.K. Guertin
and 54 friends. Occupancy reaches the highest-ever rate, 93 percent. The first
casino hotel, the Flamingo, debuts in Las Vegas. Larry and Bob Tisch purchase
Laurel-in-the-Pines, Lakewood, N.J., which evolved into Loews Hotels.  
1947 -  Westin establishes Hoteltype, the first hotel reservation system. New York
City's Roosevelt Hotel installs television sets in all guestrooms.
1949 -  Hilton becomes the first international hotel chain with the opening of  the Caribe
Hilton in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

1951 -   The American Hotel Institute, later to be renamed the Educational Institute, is launched. Hilton  
is the first chain to install television sets in all guestrooms.
1952 -   Kemmons Wilson opens his first Holiday Inn in Memphis, Tenn., named after a Bing Crosby
movie.  
1953 -   AHA buys the Universal Credit Card. The American Hotel Foundation, a subsidiary of AHA, is
founded.
1954 -   Howard Dearing Johnson initiates the first lodging franchise, a motor lodge in Savannah, Ga.
Conrad Hilton's purchase of the Statler Hotel Company for $111 million is largest real estate
transaction in history. An inn in Flagstaff, Ariz., is the first in a series of "motor hotels" forming
Ramada, a Spanish word meaning "a shaded resting place."
Mid Atlas Hotels develops the first in-room coffee concept.
1950s -  
1957 -   J.W. Marriott opens his first hotel, the Twin Bridges Marriott Motor Hotel in Arlington,Va., and
Jay Pritzker buys his first hotel, The Hyatt House, located outside the Los Angeles Airport.
Hilton offers direct-dial telephone service.
1958 -   AHA sells license for the Universal Travel Card to American Express.  Sheraton introduces
Reservatron, the industry's first automated electronic reservation system, and the first toll-free
reservation number. Omni Hotels, originally Dunfey Hotels, is founded.

Early Siegas introduces the first true minibar (a small refrigerator displaying products).  
1960s -  
1962 -   Curt Carlson buys shares of The Radisson Hotel in Minneapolis,  Minn. Motel 6, the forerunner
of budget brands, opens in Santa Barbara, Calif.
1963 -   AHA changes its name to the American Hotel & Lodging Association Desegregation in hotels
has started.
1964 -   Travelodge debuts wheelchair-accessible rooms.
1966 -   Best Western becomes the first hotel company to be wholly governed by a board of directors
made up entirely of its own member hoteliers. Inter-Continental introduces retractable drying
lines in guest showers, business lounges, ice and vending machines in guest corridors, and
street entrances for hotel restaurants.
1967 -   The Atlanta Hyatt Regency opens, featuring a 21-story atrium and changing the course  of
upscale hotel design. Hyatt Hotels Corporation splits into a real-estate holding company.
1969 -   Westin is the first hotel chain to implement 24-hour room service.
1970 -   Hilton becomes the first billion-dollar lodging and food service company and the first to enter
the Las Vegas market. Cecil B. Day opens the first Days Inn on Tybee Island, Ga.
1973 -   The Sheraton-Anaheim is the first to offer free in-room movies.  
1974 -   The energy crisis hits the industry - hotels dim exterior signs,cut heat to unoccupied rooms,
and ask guests to conserve electricity.
1975 -   Lodging magazine is authorized as the official publication of AH&MA. Four Seasons is the first
hotel company to offer in-room amenities such as name-brand shampoo. Hyatt introduces an
industry first when it opens its Regency Club, a concierge club level that provides the ultimate
in VIP services.
1976 -   Two Florida hotels are the first to offer HBO in guestrooms.
1977 -   Showtime and The Movie Channel debut in hotels.
1979 -   Hyatt names its first woman general manager, Cheryl Phelps, to the former Queen Mary Hyatt
in Long Beach, Calif.
1983 -   Westin is the first major hotel company to offer reservations and checkout using major credit
cards. VingCard invents the optical electronic key card.
1984 -   Holiday Inn is the first to offer a centralized travel agent commission plan. Choice Hotels
introduces the concept of market segmentation. Choice Hotels offers no-smoking rooms.
Hampton Inns is the first to offer a set of amenities. Holiday Inn debuts Embassy Suites
Hotels, the first nationwide all-suite hotel chain, in Overland Park, Kan.
1986 -   Teledex Corporation introduces the first telephone designed  specifically for hotel guestrooms.
Days Inn provides an interactive reservations capability connecting all hotels.
1988 -   Extended stay segment introduced with Marriott's Residence Inns and Holiday Corporation's
Homewood Suites.
1989 -   Hyatt introduces a chainwide kids program for ages 3-12 and a business center at the Hyatt
Regency Chicago. Hampton Inns is the first hotel chain to introduce the 100 percent
satisfaction guarantee.
1990 -   Loews Hotels' Good Neighbor Policy becomes the industry's first and most comprehensive
community outreach program.
1991 -   Westin is the first hotel chain to provide in-room voice mail. Industry sees record losses, 61.8
percent.
1992 -   Industry breaks even financially after six consecutive years of losses.
1993 -   Radisson Hotels Worldwide is the first to introduce business-class rooms.
1994 -   First online hotel catalog debuts - TravelWeb.com. Promus and
Hyatt Hotels are the first chains to establish a site on the Internet.
1995 -   Choice Hotels International and Promus become the first companies to offer guests "real-time"
access to its central reservations system. Choice and Holiday Inn are the first to introduce
online booking capability.
1996 -   Best Western celebrates its 50th anniversary, making it the oldest continually operating brand.
1999 -   Choice Hotels International is the first chain to test making in-room PCs a standard  amenity
for guests. Starwood Hotels & Resorts takes the boutique segment mainstream with the
opening of its W brand.

2000 - Hilton unveils plans for the first luxury hotel in space.

2001 - Industry is rocked by the events of September 11.  U.S. hotels lose more than $700 million in
revenue in the two weeks immediately following the terrorist attacks.

2004 - After three years of declining revenues, the U.S. lodging industry returns to postive profit growth.

2005 - University of Maryland College (UMUC) Inn & Conference Center becomes the first LEED-certified
hotel and conference center.

2006 - Twenty-four new hotel brands launched between 2005 and 2006, bringing the total number of
brands to 210 (compared to 81 brands in 1980).

2007 - The average daily rate (ADR) for a U.S. hotel room breaks the $100.00 mark.  ADR reaches
$103.87.

2008 - Proximity Hotel in Greensboro, NC earns the U.S. Green Building Council's top level of certification
as a Platinum LEED property.

LODGING SEGMENT OPERATION

 RockResorts - a luxury hotel management company with a current portfolio of eight properties,
including four Company-owned and four managed third-party owned resort hotels with locations in
Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico and St. Lucia, West Indies as well as six properties currently under
development that the Company will manage;
 Six additional independently flagged Company-owned hotels, management of the Vail Marriott
Mountain Resort & Spa (“Vail Marriott”), Mountain Thunder Lodge, Crystal Peak Lodge and Austria
Haus Hotel and condominium management operations, all of which are in and around the Company's
Colorado ski resorts
 GTLC - a summer destination resort with three resort properties in the Grand Teton National Park
and the Jackson Hole Golf & Tennis Club (“JHG&TC”) near Jackson, Wyoming;
 CME - a resort ground transportation company;
 Five Company-owned resort golf courses in Colorado and one in Wyoming.

The Lodging segment currently includes approximately 3,900 owned and managed hotel and
condominium rooms. The Company's resort hotels collectively offer a wide range of services to guests.
INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

The hospitality industry consists of broad category of fields within the service industry that
includes lodging, restaurants, event planning, theme parks, transportation, cruise line, and additional
fields within the tourism industry. The hospitality industry is a several billion dollar industry that mostly
depends on the availability of leisure time and disposable income. A hospitality unit such as a restaurant,
hotel, or even an amusement park consists of multiple groups such as facility maintenance, direct
operations (servers, housekeepers, porters, kitchen workers, bartenders, etc.), management, marketing,
and human resources.

The hospitality industry covers a wide range of organizations offering food service and accommodation.
The hospitality industry is divided into sectors according to the skill-sets required for the work involved.
Sectors include accommodation, food and beverage, meeting and events, gaming, entertainment and
recreation, tourism services, and visitor information.

Usage rate is an important variable for the hospitality industry. Just as a factory owner would wish to have
his or her productive asset in use as much as possible (as opposed to having to pay fixed costs while the
factory isn't producing), so do restaurants, hotels, and theme parks seek to maximize the number of
customers they "process".

In viewing various industries, "barriers to entry" by newcomers and competitive advantages between
current players are very important. Among other things, hospitality industry players find advantage in old
classics (location), initial and ongoing investment support (reflected in the material upkeep of facilities and
the luxuries located therein), and particular themes adopted by the marketing arm of the organization in
question (such as a restaurant called the 51st fighter group that has a WW2 theme in music and other
environmental aspects). Very important is also the characteristics of the personnel working in direct
contact with the customers. The authenticity, professionalism, and actual concern for the happiness and
well-being of the customers that is communicated by successful organizations is a clear competitive
advantage.

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