LESSON 1 - PPT - Definition and Significance of Literature

Essence and Significance of Literature
21st Century Literature from the

Philippines and the World
Objectives
• Define Literature
• Determine the qualities/hallmarks
of Literature
• Enumerate the ways to study Literature
BOOK OF THE DEAD
1250 BCE DEAD SEA SCROLLS
EPIC OF GILGAMESH Egypt 150 B.C.
2150 BCE
Israel
Mesopotamia
ILIAD AND ODYSSEY

750 BCE
RIG VEDA Greece
1500–1200 BCE
India
THE CLASSIC OF POETRY\

/ SHĪJĪNG/
11-7 BCE
China
PHILIPPINE LITERATURE
PRECOLONIAL
|B.C. – 1564
SPANISH REGIME
|1565-1863
THE NATIONALISTIC PERIOD

|1864-1896
THE UNITED STATES COLONIAL RULE

|1910-1930, 1920-1945
THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION

|1942-1944
THE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD

|1960-1986
POST EDSA LITERATURE

|1986-present
WHAT IS
LITERATURE?
Literature broadly refers to any
collection of written or oral work, but it’s more
commonly and narrowly refers to writings
specifically considered to be an art form,
especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry, in
contrast to academic writing and newspapers.
(Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, 2020)
 Literature (origin of term – litera which means letter) deals with ideas,
thoughts and emotions of man – thus it can be said that literature is the
story of man (Kahayon, 1998, p.5-7).
 Literature appeals to man’s higher nature and needs – emotional,
spiritual, intellectual, and creative. Like all other forms of art, literature
entertains and gives pleasure; it fires the imagination and arouses
noble emotions and it enriches man by enabling him to reflect on life
and by filling him with new ideas (Garcia, et al, 1993, p.1-3)
 Through literature, we learn the innermost feelings and thoughts of
people – the most real part of themselves, thus we gain an
understanding not only of others, but more importantly, of ourselves
and of life itself (Garcia, et al, 1993, p.4).
Great literature is
distinguishable of
its qualities(Garcia, 1993, p.3)
P PERMANENCE
U UNIVERSALITY
S SUGGESTIVENESS
S SPIRITUAL VALUE
I INTELLECTUAL VALUE
A ARTISTRY
P PERMANENCE A great work of literature
endures – it can be read
again and again as each
reading gives fresh
delight and new insights
and open new worlds of
meaning and
experience.
U UNIVERSALITY
Great literature is timeless

and timely – forever
relevant in terms of its
theme and conditions
S SUGGESTIVENESS
This is the quality associated
with the emotional power of
literature, such that it should
move us deeply and stir our
creative imagination, giving
and evoking vision above
and beyond the plane of
ordinary life and experience.
S SPIRITUAL VALUE A good literature elevates
the spirit by bringing out
moral values which
makes us better persons –
this capacity to inspire is
part of the spiritual value
of literature.
I INTELLECTUAL VALUE
A literary work which
stimulates thought that
enriches our mental life
by making us realize
fundamental truths about
life and human nature.
A ARTISTRY
A quality which appeals

to our sense of beauty.
A literary text can be studied in several ways:
(Garcia, 1993, p.4).
• for its thematic value • for social reforms

• for entertainment value • for its representations of literary
• for richness of its plot movements and techniques
• for character analysis • for the author’s unique use of
• for comparison with other works language (style); and most
• for the ideas it contains importantly
• for its emotional power • for its reflection of life itself
LESSON SUMMARY |
Essence and Significance of Literature
 Literature deals with ideas, thoughts and emotions
of man; it appeals to man's higher nature and the
emotional, spiritual, intellectual and creative needs.
 Great literature is distinguishable of its qualities. The
significant qualities of literature are ARTISTRY,
INTELLECTUAL VALUE, SUGGESTIVENESS, SPIRITUAL
VALUE, PERMANENCE and UNIVERSALITY.
 A literary text can be studied in several
fundamental ways
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Essence and Significance of Literature

21st Century Literature from the

ILIAD AND ODYSSEY

THE CLASSIC OF POETRY\

THE NATIONALISTIC PERIOD

THE UNITED STATES COLONIAL RULE

THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION

THE CONTEMPORARY PERIOD

POST EDSA LITERATURE

Great literature is timeless

A quality which appeals

• for its thematic value • for social reforms

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