Anilam 3000M CNC 70000505

www.anilam.
com
Student Workbook for Three-Axis Systems
P/N 70000505 - Warranty
Warranty
ANILAM warrants its products to be free from defects in material and workmanship for one (1)
year from date of installation. At our option, we will repair or replace any defective product upon
prepaid return to our factory.
This warranty applies to all products when used in a normal industrial environment. Any
unauthorized tampering, misuse or neglect will make this warranty null and void.
Under no circumstances will ANILAM, any affiliate, or related company assume any liability for
loss of use or for any direct or consequential damages.
The foregoing warranties are in lieu of all other warranties expressed or implied, including, but
not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
The information in this manual has been thoroughly reviewed and is believed to be accurate.
ANILAM reserves the right to make changes to improve reliability, function or design without
notice. ANILAM assumes no liability arising out of the application or use of the product
described herein. All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.
Copyright 2001 ACU-RITE Companies, Inc.
All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. iii

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P/N 70000505 - Contents
Section 1 - Fundamentals of Programming

Tool Motion Orientation........................................................................................................ 1-1
Absolute Positioning............................................................................................................. 1-3
Incremental Positioning........................................................................................................ 1-3
Defining Positions ................................................................................................................ 1-4
Quiz 1 .................................................................................................................................. 1-6
Section 2 - CNC Console
Console Overview ................................................................................................................ 2-1
Keyboard Layout .................................................................................................................. 2-1
Manual Mode Screen ........................................................................................................... 2-2
Primary Display Area Labels............................................................................................. 2-3
Secondary Display Area Labels ........................................................................................ 2-3
Position Display ................................................................................................................ 2-4
Jog Moves ........................................................................................................................... 2-5
Soft key Overview ................................................................................................................ 2-6
Manual Soft keys .............................................................................................................. 2-6
Program Soft Keys............................................................................................................ 2-7
Edit Soft Keys ................................................................................................................... 2-8
Quiz 2 ................................................................................................................................ 2-10
Section 3 - Programming Sample
The Part ............................................................................................................................... 3-1
Developing Part Programs ................................................................................................... 3-2
Summary .......................................................................................................................... 3-2
Required Tools ................................................................................................................. 3-2
Creating a Program Name ................................................................................................ 3-2
Editing Blocks ................................................................................................................... 3-2
Write Your Own Program, Block-by-Block ........................................................................... 3-3
Block 1: Set Absolute Mode ............................................................................................. 3-5
Block 2: Cancel Tool Compensation ................................................................................ 3-5
Block 3: Activate Tool #1 ................................................................................................. 3-5
Block 4: Drilling Canned Cycles ....................................................................................... 3-5
Block 5: Bolt Hole Canned Cycle ..................................................................................... 3-6
Block 6: Drill Off Cycle ..................................................................................................... 3-6
Block 7: Clear the Part ..................................................................................................... 3-6
Block 8: Move to the Tool Change Position ..................................................................... 3-7
Block 9: Activate Tool #2 .................................................................................................. 3-7
Block 10: Circular Pocket Milling...................................................................................... 3-7
Block 11: Rapid Move ...................................................................................................... 3-8
Block 12: Line Z Move to Cutting Depth........................................................................... 3-8
Block 13: Line Y Move and Tool Compensation................................................................ 3-8
Block 14: Line X Move and Corner Rounding ................................................................... 3-9
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Block 15: Line Y Move and Corner Rounding .................................................................. 3-9

Recalling Values from the Right Triangle Calculator...................................................... 3-9
Block 16: Line Move from Right Triangle Calculation ..................................................... 3-11
Block 17: Linear Interpolation-Angle Move..................................................................... 3-12
Block 18: Make the Last Cut and Move Away from the Part .......................................... 3-12
Block 19: Cancel Tool Compensation ............................................................................ 3-12
Block 20: Cancel Tool #2 and Return to Z0 ................................................................... 3-12
Block 21: Move Away from the Workpiece..................................................................... 3-13
Block 22: Program EndMain .......................................................................................... 3-13
Checking the Program .................................................................................................... 3-13
Draw Graphics ................................................................................................................... 3-13
Starting Draw.................................................................................................................. 3-14
Putting Draw in Hold ....................................................................................................... 3-15
Selecting the View Mode................................................................................................. 3-15
Tool On or Off................................................................................................................. 3-16
Select a Program to Run.................................................................................................... 3-16
Running Programs ............................................................................................................. 3-16
Running a Program One Step at a Time......................................................................... 3-17
Switching Between Motion and Single-Step Mode .......................................................... 3-17
Holding or Canceling a Single-Step Run......................................................................... 3-17
Single-Step Execution of Selected Program Blocks........................................................ 3-17
Switching from Single-Step to Auto Mode....................................................................... 3-18
Automatic Program Execution......................................................................................... 3-18
Holding or Canceling an Auto Run.................................................................................. 3-18
Starting at a Specific Block ............................................................................................. 3-19
Clearing a Halted Program ............................................................................................. 3-19
Program Run Status ....................................................................................................... 3-19
Quiz 3 ................................................................................................................................ 3-21
Section 4 - Machine Setup
Set Absolute Zero ................................................................................................................ 4-1
Using the DRO Mode ........................................................................................................... 4-3
Canceling Tool Length Offsets............................................................................................. 4-3
Setting a New Z Home ......................................................................................................... 4-3
Setting Tool Length Offsets for Drilling Tools....................................................................... 4-3
Setting the Tool Length Offset for Milling Tools ................................................................... 4-4
Setting Tool Diameters ........................................................................................................ 4-5
Machining the Part ............................................................................................................... 4-5
Quiz 4 .................................................................................................................................. 4-6
Section 5 - Calculators
Math Calculator.................................................................................................................... 5-1
Activating the Math Calculator .......................................................................................... 5-1
Math Calculator Basics ..................................................................................................... 5-2
Operations Involving Two Numbers .................................................................................. 5-3
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Using Parentheses ........................................................................................................... 5-3

Using Additional Functions................................................................................................ 5-4
Storing Numbers from the Math Calculator ....................................................................... 5-5
Right Triangle Calculator...................................................................................................... 5-5
Activating the Triangle Calculator ..................................................................................... 5-5
Using the Triangle Calculator............................................................................................ 5-5
Storing Right Triangle Calculator Results ......................................................................... 5-6
Hiding the Right Triangle Calculator Screen ..................................................................... 5-6
Geometry Calculator ............................................................................................................ 5-7
Activating the Geometry Calculator................................................................................... 5-7
Geometry Calculator Screen............................................................................................. 5-7
Using the Geometry Calculator ......................................................................................... 5-8
Point Templates................................................................................................................ 5-9
Line Templates ............................................................................................................... 5-10
Circle Templates............................................................................................................. 5-11
Deleting Selected Elements ............................................................................................ 5-11
Deleting All Elements...................................................................................................... 5-11
Listing All Geometry Elements ........................................................................................ 5-12
Calculating the Distance between Two Elements............................................................ 5-12
Last Position Recall ........................................................................................................ 5-12
Recalling Values to a Program........................................................................................... 5-13
Recalling Values from the Math Calculator ..................................................................... 5-13
Recalling Values from the Right Triangle Calculator ....................................................... 5-14
Recalling Values from the Geometry Calculator.............................................................. 5-14
Recalling Values from One Calculator into Another ........................................................ 5-15
Geometry Calculator Example ........................................................................................... 5-15
Sample Program with Recalled Geometry Points............................................................... 5-20
Block 1: Set Absolute Mode ........................................................................................... 5-20
Block 2: Cancel Tool Length Compensation .................................................................. 5-20
Block 3: Activate Tool #1 ............................................................................................... 5-20
Block 4: Move to XY Starting Position with Recalled Values .......................................... 5-21
Block 5: Rapid to Z Start Height..................................................................................... 5-21
Block 6: Feed to Z Depth of Cut..................................................................................... 5-21
Block 7: Linear Feed with Recalled Values .................................................................... 5-21
Block 8: Cw Arc Move with Recalled Values .................................................................. 5-22
Block 9: Linear Feed with Recalled Values .................................................................... 5-22
Block 10: Cw Arc Move with Recalled Values ................................................................ 5-23
Block 11: Cancel Tool Length Compensation ................................................................ 5-24
Block 12: Program EndMain .......................................................................................... 5-24
Quiz 5 ................................................................................................................................ 5-25
Section 6 - Practice Exercises and Sample Programs
Using the Practice Exercises................................................................................................ 6-1
Starting Practice Exercises #1 - #5 ...................................................................................... 6-2
Starting Practice Exercises #6 to #8 .................................................................................. 6-10
Step 1 - Define Irregular Outline by Writing a Subprogram ............................................. 6-17
Step 2 - Check Subprogram Using Draw ........................................................................ 6-21
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Step 3 - Writing the Main Program.................................................................................. 6-22

Step 4 - Viewing the Finished Program with Draw .......................................................... 6-24
Practice Exercises ............................................................................................................. 6-25
Index .................................................................................................................. Index-1
viii All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

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P/N 70000505 - Fundamentals of Programming
Section 1 - Fundamentals of Programming

Welcome to ANILAM’s Training Program!
This workbook and the training tape will take you on a step-by-step
through the fundamentals of CNC programming and machine setup. This
work book applies to Anilam 3000M CNC.
The 3000M is a closed-loop system. It receives positioning information
from highly accurate measurement transducers and compares the actual
position against the programmed positions. Simultaneously, the control
regulates the speed and position of the controlled axis until each
command is completed.
If you have already created CNC programs, you will probably not need to
spend much time in this section and might want to move on to
“Section 3 - Programming Sample.” If this is new to you, make sure that
you understand everything before you move on to the next section. For
best results:
q Pay close attention to the explanation of positive and negative signs.
q Do all of the exercises in the workbook.
q View the accompanying video to understand the concepts discussed.
The 3000M cuts arcs and angles, helical shapes and 3-axis shapes of
practically any configuration. In the hands of a good machinist, its speed
and accuracy offer unlimited capabilities.
Your input as a programmer is critical to the CNC process.
NOTE: Use this workbook with the training video.

Tool Motion Orientation
Refer to Figure 1-1, Mill Axes of Motion (Tool Motion Orientation). The
machine moves along its axes of motion. All movement along an axis is
in either a positive or negative direction. Not all machines use the same
system to identify axes. The descriptions here are most commonly used
for 3-axis mills.
NOTE: When programming machine movements, always consider tool

motion rather than table motion for the sake of clarity.
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Figure 1-1, Mill Axes of Motion (Tool Motion Orientation)
X Axis
The table moves left and right along the X-axis. Positive motion is tool
movement to the right (table left); negative motion is tool movement to
the left (table right).
Y Axis
The table moves in and out along the Y-axis. Positive motion is tool
movement in (table outward); negative motion is tool movement out (table
inward).
Z Axis
Along the Z-axis, the tool moves up and down on the spindle. Positive
motion is tool movement up (away from the work); negative motion is tool
movement down (into the work).
1-2 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

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Absolute Positioning
ABSOLUTE
Figure 1-2, Absolute Positioning

Refer to Figure 1-2. In the Absolute Mode, all positions are measured
from Absolute Zero. Absolute Zero is not a fixed position on the machine,
but a point the operator selects.
You can set Absolute Zero (X0, Y0) anywhere. Set Absolute Zero at a
position that makes it easy to use the dimensions on a blueprint. This is
called “setting Part Zero”.
Incremental Positioning
Figure 1-3, Incremental Positioning

Refer to Figure 1-3. Measure Incremental moves from the machine’s
present position. This is convenient if you must perform an operation at
regular intervals.

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Defining Positions
Tool Tip Z+
ABS Zero
Y+
X-
Absolute Zero
X+
Coordinates
Y-
X - 2.0
Y + 3.0
Z + 4.0
Z- CARTCOOR
Figure 1-4, Locating Positions

Refer to Figure 1-4. The intersection of the X, Y and Z axes is the
reference point that defines most positions. This point is the X0, Y0, Z0
position. It is usually Absolute Zero. Most positions are identified by their
X, Y, and Z coordinates.
Example 1, Absolute Dimensions

A position two inches left, three inches back, and four inches up has the
following coordinates:
X-2.0
Y3.0
Z4.0
Use this system of measurement, known as the Cartesian Coordinate
System, to describe the location of any point within the range of motion.
Refer to Figure 1-5, Cartesian Coordinates for examples.

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Y+ Absolute Zero
(X0, Y0)
4
X-2, Y3
3
X3, Y2
X- X+
X-3, Y-2
2
X2, Y-3
Y-
Figure 1-5, Cartesian Coordinates
The figure is a center-referenced blueprint with four hole locations. Each
hole location describes a specific X, Y position, referenced from Absolute
Zero (X0, Y0).
Point 1 is located at X negative 3, Y negative 2 (X-3, Y-2). Point 2 is
located at X positive 2, Y negative 3 (X2, Y-3). Point 3 is located at X
positive 3, Y positive 2 (X 3, Y2). Point 4 is located at X negative 2, Y
positive 3 (X-2, Y3). These are Absolute dimensions. Absolute
dimensions are referenced to Absolute Zero (X0, Y0).
Example 2, Incremental Dimensions

You can also describe these locations in Incremental dimensions. An
incremental dimension is the distance from one point to the next.
A tool starts at Point 1 and travels to Point 4 (refer to Figure 1-5).
Calculate the X, Y Incremental distance from Point 1 to Point 4. In X, the
tool moves one inch in the positive direction. In Y, the tool moves five
inches in the positive direction.
Therefore, the Incremental dimensions of the move from Point 1 to
Point 4 are X1.0, Y5.0.

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Quiz 1
Figure 1-6, Quiz 1 Coordinates
Directions: Refer to Figure 1-6. Circle the correct answers.

I. The X-axis runs: The Y-axis runs: The Z-axis runs:
a. in and out a. in and out a. in and out
b. back and forth b. back and forth b. back and forth
c. up and down c. up and down c. up and down
II. Circle the choice (a, b, c or d) that gives the correct X, Y coordinates of each point (1 to 8).
Refer to Figure 1-6.
1. a. X3, Y2 2. a. X3, Y-1 3. a. X3, Y-1 4. a. X2, Y-2
b. X2, Y3 b. X1, Y-3 b. X1, Y-3 b. X2, Y-2
c. X-3, Y2 c. X-1, Y-3 c. X-1, Y-3 c. X-2, Y-2
d. X-2, Y3 d. X-3, Y1 d. X-3, Y-1 d. X-2, Y2
5. a. X2, Y-3 6. a. X1, Y-3 7. a. X4, Y4 8. a. X-1, Y5

b. X-3, Y2 b. X-3, Y1 b. X-4, Y4 b. X5, Y-1
c. X3, Y-2 c. X-1, Y-3 c. X4, Y-4 c. X-5, Y-1
d. X-2, Y3 d. X3, Y-1 d. X-4, Y-4 d. X1, Y-5
III. What is the incremental distance from Point 5 to Point 6?

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Quiz 1 Answer Key
I.
X-axis: b. Y-axis: a. Z-axis: c
II.
1. b. 2. d. 3. d. 4. c.
5. c. 6. a. 7. a 8. a.
III. X-2, Y-1

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P/N 70000505 - CNC Console
Section 2 - CNC Console
LCD
Keypad
Cursor
Movement
Keys
Operator
Keys
Soft Keys
3000MCONSOLE
Figure 2-1, 3000M Console
Console Overview
Refer to Figure 2-1. The CNC console consists of a 12.1” color, flat-
panel Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), the console keypad, and the soft
keys. The keypad contains four types of keys:
Alphanumeric Keys
Cursor Movement Keys
Operator Keys
Soft Keys
The console has a 12.1” LCD screen that displays the programming
functions and canned cycles.
Keyboard Layout
The Alphanumeric Keys at the top of the keyboard include the X, Y, and Z
dimension keys and the number keys. The number keys are hotkeys that
have dual purposes that will be discussed later. Use these to program
moves. Press ABS/INC to switch between the Absolute and Incremental
Modes. Cursor Movement Keys include: CLEAR, ENTER, and the
ARROWS.
Operator Keys control machine and spindle movements manually. You

can use the Jog keys to manually move the machine. The JOG SELECTOR
key (shaped like a hand) selects the Rapid, Feed, or Jog (1, 10, or 100)
speed at which the machine will travel during a Jog move. The X+, Y+,
Z+, X-, Y-, and Z- keys indicate the axis and direction of the Jog move.
The SERVO RESET powers up the servo motors. Spindle keys control
spindle movement (spindle off, spindle forward and spindle reverse) on
machines equipped with those functions.

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The START and STOP keys initiate and halt machine operation. The E-STOP
performs an emergency shutdown of all functions. FEEDRATE OVERRIDE
overrides the active feedrate to increase or decrease machine speed. Soft
keys F1 to F10 beneath the console correspond to the on-screen labels.
Manual Mode Screen
Position Display
Primary Display Area
Machine Position Display
Secondary
Display
Area
Program
Listing
Message Area
MANUAL4
Soft Key Labels

Figure 2-2, Manual Mode Screen
Refer to Figure 2-2. The Manual screen is the main CNC screen. All
other operating screens activate from the Manual screen. In Manual
Mode, the MANUAL (F4) soft key label highlights.
The Manual screen features:
Position Display Displays X, Y, and Z position coordinates.
This area of the screen shows the axis positions in
reference to Machine Home.
Displays essential operating information.
Secondary Display Area
Displays additional operating information.
Message Area Displays messages, prompts, and reminders.

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Soft Key Labels Identify the function of the soft key directly
underneath. Labels change from screen to screen;
a highlighted label indicates an active mode.
Program Listing Displays program blocks as they run.
Primary Display Area Labels
BLOCK: Current program block number.
TOOL: Active tool.
FEED: Current feedrate.
POSN: Position Display Mode (Program or Distance to Go).
DIA: Active tool diameter.
%: Feedrate override setting (0% to 120% for Feed
moves; 0% to 100% for Rapid moves).
Secondary Display Area Labels
PROGRAM: Name of selected program.
MANUAL/AUTO/S.STEP:
Current operating mode
IN-POSN: Tells operator whether machine has reached target
(IN-POSN) or not.
ABS / INC: Current positioning mode.
INCH / MM: Current units mode.
HALTED/*HALTED/RUNNING:
Without asterisk: machine is in a programmed
hold, or has completed its program.
With asterisk: hold was activated by an event, or
HOLD was pressed.
Running: indicates normal program run.
FEED/RAPID/ARC: Current move mode.
LOOP: Number of loops remaining (when running a
subprogram that has loops).
DWELL: Seconds remaining in a dwell.
RPM: Spindle RPM (optional). May display programmed
RPM or actual RPM. Refer to builder’s
documentation for details.
FIXTURE: Indicates the active fixture offset (1 to 9). “0”
indicates no fixture offset is active.
JOG: Current jog mode.

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SPINDLE:FWD/REV/OFF:
Spindle status. Optional.
COOLANT: Coolant status. Optional.
PARTS: Counts the number of successfully completed
parts. (Increments by one every time the CNC
encounters EndMain in a program run.) The
counter resets to zero when you start a new
program.
TIMER: Total program run time from START to EndMain
execution. If the CNC holds, the counter pauses
until the program restarts. The counter resets to
zero when you start a new program.
Position Display
Position Display
Secondary
Display
Area
Position Display Indicator:

Switch between Program
or Distance to Go.
Program
Listing
Message Area
POSN
Sof
SofttKey
Key Labels
Labels
Figure 2-3, Position Display Options
Refer to Figure 2-3. The POSN: option sets the CNC to display machine
position in one of two ways:
Program Position Display shows the programmed
position.

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Distance To Go Position Display shows the remaining

distance to the commanded position.
To switch the POSN setting:

1. In Manual, S. Step, or Auto Mode, press 0 to switch the setting.
Jog Moves
Enable Jog moves when:
The CNC is in Manual Mode, Teach Mode, or Tool Page.
The servos are on.
NOTE: Ensure that the CNC POSN: setting is in Program Mode.
Figure 2-4, Manual Operation Keys

Refer to Figure 2-4. Use the Manual Operation Keys to make jog moves.
There are two keys for each axis of motion: one for the positive direction
and one for the negative direction.
Refer to Table 2-1. There are five move modes available. The machine
builder determines the rate for each mode (Jog Rapid and Jog Feed) at
machine setup. Press JOG to cycle through the available Jog

settings.
Table 2-1, Move Mode Selections

Mode Description
Rapid Default rapid speed for continuous jogs. Actual speed is
determined at machine setup.
Feed Continuous jog at current feedrate.
Jog: 100 Conventional Jog Mode, increment set to 100 times
machine resolution.

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Table 2-1, Move Mode Selections (Continued)

Mode Description
Jog: 10 Conventional Jog Mode, increment set to 10 times
machine resolution.
Jog: 1 Conventional Jog Mode, increment set to actual machine
resolution.
In Manual Mode, the operator can change the Jog Mode at any time.
Soft Key Overview
Manual Soft Keys

In Manual Mode, note the active soft keys (F1 to F10) at the bottom of the
screen. Refer to Table 2-2.
Table 2-2, Manual Mode Soft Keys

Key Function
Message (F1) Displays the last eight messages from the CNC in the
Program Listing area of the screen.
Program (F2) Activates the Program Directory.
Edit (F3) Activates Edit Mode for the selected program.
NOTE: To edit a program, highlight the program
name in the Program Listing and press Edit
(F3).
Manual (F4) Activates Manual Mode. Deactivates the active
S.Step, Auto, or MDI Mode.
S.Step (F5) Activates S.Step Mode.
Auto (F6) Activates Auto Mode.
MDI (F7) Activates MDI Mode.
Handwheel (F8) Activates handwheel selection window.
NOTE: This soft key will only be active if the
handwheel setting has been enabled in the
Setup Utility. This is a purchased option.
Tool (F9) Activates the Tool Page.
Exit (F10) Exits the Manual screen.

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Program Soft Keys
Soft Keys
Figure 2-5, Program Directory

NOTE: Refer to 3000M CNC Programming and Operations Manual for
Three- and Four-Axis Systems, P/N 70000504, “Section 9 -
Program Management” for details.
Table 2-3, Program Soft Keys and Shift Soft Keys

Key Function
Create (F2) Create a new program.
Delete (F3) Delete a program.
Edit (F4) Open a program to edit.
List (F5) Open a program to view. Program cannot be edited.
Select (F6) Select a program. A program must be selected
before you can run it.
Log (F7) Log onto another drive, such as the floppy drive (A:).
Display (F8) Press the F8 switch the Display Mode. The Program
Listing will alternately display more or less information
about the program (last edited date, file size, etc.). It
will also switch the type(s) of programs displayed
(*.M, *.S, and/or other extensions).
Utility (F9) Choose from a pop-up listing program and file
management utilities.
Exit (F10) Exit to the Manual screen.
Sub Dir (F2) Create a sub directory.
Del ? (F3) Delete a program or directory.

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Edit Soft Keys
Soft Key Labels

Figure 2-6, Program Editor
In Edit Mode, note the active soft keys (F1 to F10) at the bottom of the
screen. Refer to Table 2-4.
NOTE: Refer to 3000M CNC Programming and Operations Manual for

Three- and Four-Axis Systems, P/N 70000504, “Section 6 -
Editing Programs” for details.
Table 2-4, Edit Mode Soft Keys

Key Function
Teach (F1) Activates/deactivates Teach Mode.
Draw (F2) Activates/deactivates Draw Mode.
Drill (F3) Enables you to program a drilling cycle.
Pocket (F4) Enables you to program a pocket cycle.
Mill (F5) Activates the Mill soft keys. Press Rapid (F2) to
program a rapid move. Press Line (F3) to program a
line move. Press Arc (F4) to program an arc move.
Press More (F7) to activate a pop-up with the following
options: Feed, Plane, Unit, Offset, SetZero, Home,
Ellipse, and Spiral. Press Prev. (F9) to return to the
Edit screen and soft keys.
(Continued…)

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Table 2-4, Edit Mode Soft Keys (Continued)

Key Function
Tool (F6) Activates the Tool Page.
Calc. (F7) Activates the calculator menu for the Math, Triangle or
Geometry Calculator.
Sub (F8) Activates the Subprogram soft keys. Press Sub (F1) to
define a subprogram number. Press EndSub (F2) to
insert an EndSub block. Press Call (F3) to program a
subprogram call. Press EndMain (F4) to insert an
EndMain block. Press Loop (F5) to loop a subprogram.
Press RMS (F6) to rotate, mirror or scale a subprogram.
Press Dwell (F7) to program a Dwell. Press MCode
(F8) to program a Machine Code, if installed on the
machine. Press Prev (F9) to return to the Edit screen.
Misc (F9) Activates Miscellaneous soft keys. Press Comment

(F2) to create a comment block. Press Search (F3) to
search for a block number or specified text within the
program. Use PgUp (F4) and PgDown (F5) to scroll up
and down the Program Listing one page at a time (about
9 blocks). Press Begin (F6) or End (F7) to return to the
first block or advance to the last block in the program.
Press Quit (F8) to exit the program without saving
changes. Press Prev. (F9) to return to the Edit Mode.
Exit (F10) Exits Edit Mode and returns to the Manual screen. (Auto,
S.Step, or Manual).

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Quiz 2
Exercise 1:
Review the section on the console keyboard. Then, locate the alphanumeric section, the
CLEAR key, the cursor control keys and the ENTER key. As you identify the keys, name
their functions. Locate the machine movement keys. Make sure you can identify every
key and its function.
Exercise 2:
Study the display. Review the section on the displayed information, including the
location of programming, positioning and tooling information. Go into Manual Mode and
switch through the five Jog Modes (Rapid, Feed, Jog 1, Jog 10, and Jog 100).
Exercise 3:
In Edit Mode, review the functions of soft keys F1 to F10. Go through the various layers
of menus to find all available cycles. Activate two or three of the canned cycle graphic
menus to become familiar with these screens.
To activate a graphic menu, highlight the cycle name and press ENTER.
For example, to activate the Basic Drill Cycle’s Graphic Menu:
1. In the Edit Mode, press Drill (F3). The Drill Pop-up Menu activates.
2. Highlight Basic and press ENTER. The Basic Drilling Cycle’s Graphic Menu
activates. Note the entry fields and accompanying graphic.
True or False:
1. Limit switches, when installed, limit the maximum feed rate of each axis.
2. The X+, X-, Y+, Y-, Z+, Z- keys on the console keypad are used only to program
moves.
3. The Bolt Hole Pattern canned cycle is located in the Drill Pop-up Menu.
4. If you press E-STOP, the CNC halts movement on all axes and removes power from
the servo motors.
5. In Edit Mode, press Tool (F6) to access the Tool Page.
Answer Key (True/False Only)
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T

31-August-01
P/N 70000505 - Programming Sample
Section 3 - Programming Sample

The Part
Absolute 8 .250" Dia. Thru
Zero 1.75" on 2.5 Dia. B.C.
1.75" Rad. 0.4375"

Typ
3.5"
.125" Depth
1.5" Dia.
.75"
35
4.75"
PROGSAMP
Figure 3-1, Programming Sample Part

Refer to Figure 3-1 for all examples discussed in this section. The part
contains a bolt hole circle around the circular pocket, a circular pocket
near the part center and a contour around the outside.

31-August-01
Developing Part Programs
Summary
First, decide how to clamp the part and where to set Part Zero (X0, Y0).
Absolute positions are measured from Part Zero. Therefore, locate Part
Zero at a point that corresponds to dimensions on the part print.
Required Tools
For the Sample Part:
Required Tools Tool #1 - 1/4” Drill
Tool #2 - 7/16” End Mill
Creating a Program Name

To create a new program:
1. In Manual Mode, press PROGRAM (F2). Program Directory activates
(C:\USER).
2. Press Create (F2). The Message line displays a prompt: “NEW
PROGRAM: _”
3. If the program name has letters, press ASCII (F2). The ASCII Chart
activates. Use the console keypad for numeric entries.
4. Use the ASCII Chart and the number keypad to type the new
program’s name. (Use “EX-1” for the Sample Part Program.)
5. Press ASCII (F2). The ASCII pop-up closes.
6. Press ENTER to place the new program in the Program Directory in
alphabetical order.
7. Press Select (F6) to select the program.
Editing Blocks
To edit an existing program block:
1. In Edit Mode, highlight a block.
2. Press ENTER if the existing block is a move or cycle. The appropriate
graphic menu opens.
3. Highlight the entry fields that require changes.
4. Make the appropriate changes. Press Save (F10) to close the block.
NOTE: When the program block’s graphic menu offers a default entry
(for example, Cw/Ccw), highlight the block and press the +/- key
to change the selection. Use the +/- key to switch non-numeric
settings, such as ToolComp (Right/Left/Off).

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Write Your Own Program, Block-by-Block

Refer to Table 3-1, Sample Part Program EX-1. In the following
procedure, you will go through the steps necessary to write a program
that will cut a part.
NOTE: In a graphic menu, press CLEAR to delete an incorrect entry from

a highlighted entry field.
NOTE: In Edit Mode, press Save (F10) to save a program block. In

some screens, the soft keys change. In these screens, press
Prev. (F9) to activate the main soft keys. (This also changes the
screen). Then, press Save (F10) to save the block.
Follow the step-by-step instructions to program each block.

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Table 3-1, Sample Part Program EX-1

Block # Block Description
1 Dim Abs Activate Absolute Mode.
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 Tool# 0 Rapid to Z0 (tool change
position). Cancel Tool Length
Compensation.
3 Tool#1 Activate Tool #1 (1/4” drill).
4 PeckDrill ZDepth -0.3000 StartHgt Activate Peck Drill.
0.1000 Peck 0.0700 Feed 10.0
5 DrillBHole XCenter 1.7500 YCenter Activate Bolt Hole Pattern
-1.7500 #Holes 8 Diameter 2.5000 Cycle.
StartAngle 0.0000
6 DrillOff Turn off Drill Cycle.
position). Cancel Tool 1.
8 X -1.0000 Y 0.0000 Rapid move.
9 Tool #2 Activate Tool #2 (7/16” flute end
mill).
10 CircPock XCenter 1.7500 YCenter Activate Circular Pocket Cycle.
-1.7500 StartHgt 0.1000 Diameter
1.5000 ZDepth -0.1250 Ccw
Stepover 0.3000 FinStock 0.0150
RoughFeed 15.0 FinFeed 12.0
11 Rapid X -0.5000 Y 0.5000 Rapid off the edge of the
workpiece.
12 Line Z -0.1300 Feed 20.0 Feed to Z starting depth.
13 Line Y 0.000 ToolComp Left Line Y Move and Tool
Compensation.
14 Line X 4.7500 CornerRad 0.4375 Feed in X. Activate Corner
Feed 14.0 Rounding.
15 Line Y -3.5000 CornerRad 0.4375 Feed in Y. Activate Corner
Rounding.
16 Line X 1.0711 Feed move. (Recall Right
Triangle Calculator value.)
17 Line X 0.0000 Y -2.7500 Feed move.
18 Line Y 0.5000 Feed move.
19 Line X -0.5000 ToolComp Off Feed in X. Cancel Tool
Compensation.
position). Cancel Tool #2.
21 X -1.0000 Y 1.0000 Move away from the work.
22 EndMain End of main program.

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Block 1: Set Absolute Mode

Format: Dim Abs
To set the CNC to Absolute Mode:
1. Press ABS/INCR.
2. Press Save (F10) to save the block.
Block 2: Cancel Tool Compensation

Format: Rapid Z 0.0000 Tool# 0
Cancel any tool length offset and raise Z to the home position. Do this in
a Rapid move as follows:
1. Press 1/RAPID. The Rapid Graphic Menu activates.
2. Type the following values:
Z 0.0000
Tool # 0
The CNC cancels the active tool and Rapids to the Z0 home position.
Block 3: Activate Tool #1

Format: Tool#1
To activate Tool #1:
1. Press 5/TOOL. The Tool Mount Graphic Menu activates.
Tool# 1
The CNC activates Tool #1.
Block 4: Drilling Canned Cycles

Format: PeckDrill ZDepth -0.3000 StartHgt 0.1000 Peck 0.0700
Feed 10.0
The Peck Drilling Cycle determines how the CNC will drill each of the
eight holes in the Bolt Hole Cycle that follows it.
To program the appropriate Peck Drilling Cycle:
1. In Edit Mode, press Drill (F3). The Drill Pop-Up Menu is displayed.
2. Highlight Pecking. Press ENTER. The Peck Drilling Graphic Menu is
displayed.
3. Type values in all entry fields that contain “0.0000” or the cycle will not
work properly. Blank entry fields are optional. Fill in the following
values:
ZDepth -0.3 (drill through plate)
StartHgt 0.100 (above the work)
Peck 0.070
Feed 10 inches per minute
NOTE: Tool #1 is a 1/4” drill.

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Block 5: Bolt Hole Canned Cycle

Format: DrillBHole XCenter 1.7500 YCenter -1.7500 #Holes 8
Diameter 2.5000 StartAngle 0.0000
Use a Bolt Hole Canned Cycle to inform the CNC where to drill eight
equally spaced holes around a 2.5” diameter on the Sample Part.
To program the appropriate Bolt Hole Cycle:
1. In Edit Mode, press Drill (F3). The Drill Pop-Up Menu is displayed.
2. Highlight Bolt Hole. Press ENTER. The Bolt Hole Graphic Menu is
displayed.
3. Type values in all entry fields that contain “0.0000”. Otherwise, the
cycle will not work properly. Blank entry fields are optional. Fill in the
following values:
XCenter 1.75
YCenter -1.75
#Holes 8
Diameter 2.5
Start Angle 0 (3-o’clock position)
Tool# Unnecessary, previously activated Tool #1.
Block 6: Drill Off Cycle

Format: DrillOff
Since the program does not require any other holes, program a Drill Off
block next, as follows:
1. Press Drill (F3). The Drill Pop-Up Menu is displayed.

2. Highlight Drilling Off and press ENTER. The Drill Off block is
displayed in the Program Listing.
Block 7: Clear the Part

Cancel the Tool Offsets for Tool #1 and raise Z to the home position. Do
this in a Rapid move, as follows:
2. Fill in the following values:
Z 0
Tool 0
The CNC cancels the active tool and rapids to the Z0 home position
(fully-retracted quill position).

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Block 8: Move to the Tool Change Position

Format: X -1.0000 Y 0.0000
Now, move off to the side of the work to change the tool.
To program this move via the console keypad:
1. Press X. The Modal Move Graphic Menu activates. The X entry field is
already highlighted. Press +/- to switch the sign to negative. Press 1.
2. Highlight Y on the screen or press Y on the keypad. Press 0.
Format: Tool #2
Tool# 2
Block 10: Circular Pocket Milling
Format: CircPock XCenter 1.7500 YCenter -1.7500 StartHgt
0.1000 Diameter 1.5000 ZDepth -0.1250 Ccw Stepover
0.3000 FinStock 0.0150 RoughFeed 15.0 FinFeed 12.0
To program the Circular Pocket:
1. In Edit Mode, press Pocket (F4). The Pocket Pop-Up Menu
activates.
2. Highlight Circular (Pocket). Press ENTER. The Circular Pocket’s
Graphic Menu activates.
3. Fill in the following entry field values:
XCenter 1.75
YCenter -1.75
StartHgt 0.100 (above the part)
Diameter 1.5
ZDepth -0.125
Direction Ccw (counterclockwise, climb mill)
Stepover 0.300
Depthcut leave blank (complete in one pass)
FinStock 0.015
RoughFeed 15 inches per minute
FinFeed 12 inches per minute
NOTE: Make sure you have entered the appropriate offsets in the Tool
Page for Tool #2, a 7/16” end mill.
NOTE: The program is now ready for the outside contour moves.

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Block 11: Rapid Move

Format: Rapid X -0.5000 Y 0.5000
Program the rapid move off to the upper left side of the part.
To program the rapid move:
X -0.5 (This leaves room to plunge the tool down in mid-
air without plunging into any material.)
Y 0.5
Block 12: Line Z Move to Cutting Depth

Format: Line Z -0.130 Feed 20.0
Feed Z to the cutting depth with the following block:
1. Press 2/LINE. The Line Graphic Menu activates.
Z -0.130
Feed 20 (inches per minute)
Block 13: Line Y Move and Tool Compensation

Format: Line Y 0.000 ToolComp Left
Program the feed move to the edge of the part. Enable Tool
Compensation in the same block. To climb mill (clockwise tool path)
around the outside of the part, enable Left-of-Path Compensation.
To program the Y feed move to the edge of the part and enable Left-of-
Path Compensation:
Y 0
ToolComp Left
Tool# Unnecessary. (#2 Active from Circular Pocket Cycle)
NOTE: Press the +/- key to switch the Tool Comp setting.

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Block 14: Line X Move and Corner Rounding

Format: Line X 4.7500 CornerRad 0.4375 Feed 14.0
Activate Corner Rounding in the same block that programs the line along
X at the top edge of the part. Corner Rounding automatically blends the
intersections of two moves by the given radius.
To program the block:
X 4.75 (full X dimension on the print)
CornerRad 0.4375
Feed 14 (inches per minute)
Block 15: Line Y Move and Corner Rounding

Format: Line Y -3.5000 CornerRad 0.4375
Activate Corner Rounding in the same block that programs the line along
Y at the right-hand edge of the part. Corner Rounding automatically
blends the intersections of two moves by the given radius.
To program the block:
Y -3.5 (full X dimension on the print)
CornerRad 0.4375
Recalling Values from the Right Triangle Calculator
Figure 3-2, Recall Selection Pop-up

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Figure 3-3, Right Triangle Calculator Screen

To recall values from the Right Triangle Calculator:
1. Open the graphic menu for the block to be edited. Highlight the entry
field to which you want to recall the Triangle Calculator value.
2. Press Recall (F2). The Select value: menu is displayed. Refer to
Figure 3-2, Recall Selection Pop-up.
3. Highlight the Triangle Calculator template and press ENTER. The
Triangle Calculator memory selection pop-up is displayed. Refer to
Figure 3-4.
4. Highlight the required value and press ENTER to copy the stored value
to the Graphic Menu.
Figure 3-4, Triangle Calculator Recall Pop-up

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Block 16: Line Move from Right Triangle Calculation
Figure 3-5, Triangle Calculation

Format: Line X 1.0711
Refer to Figure 3-5. The next move is also a line move. The Y
dimension does not change (-3.5). However, you must calculate the X
endpoint from the information given on the print before you can program
the move.
I. To use the Right Triangle Calculator to solve for the X dimension:
1. Activate the Right Triangle Calculator.
2. On the print, Side A (0.75) and Angle D (35°) are given. Type the
given values:
A 0.75
D 35
3. Press Find (F7). The CNC calculates and displays all other
values (B=1.0711, C=1.3076, E=55, F=90).
4. B is the missing X dimension. To copy the value to memory,
highlight B and press Store (F9).
5. Press Exit (F10) to return to the Edit screen.
II. Now, program the line move:
2. Highlight X. Recall the B Triangle Calculator value to the X entry
field. Refer to “Recalling Values from the Right Triangle
Calculator.”

31-August-01
Block 17: Linear Interpolation-Angle Move

Format: Line X 0.0000 Y -2.7500
X moves to 0, feeding along an angle. X is 0. Y is -2.75 (3.5 minus 0.75).
To program the line move:
2. Type the X (0) and Y (-2.75) values.
Block 18: Make the Last Cut and Move Away from the Part
Format: Line Y 0.5000
Make another line move in Y to make the last cut and end up clear of the
part. Move the tool away from the work:
2. Highlight Y. Type 0.5.
Block 19: Cancel Tool Compensation

Format: Line X -0.5000 ToolComp Off
NOTE: Always cancel compensation before programming Tool #0.
Cancel Tool Compensation after the CNC has machined the last contour.
In the same move, move X away from the workpiece. (A move is required
to cancel compensation.)
To cancel Tool Compensation:
X -.5
ToolComp Off
Block 20: Cancel Tool #2 and Return to Z0

To cancel Tool #2 and move the tool to Z Home (Z0):
Z 0
Tool# 0

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Block 21: Move Away from the Workpiece

Format: X -1.0000 Y 1.0000
To move away from the work:
X -1
Y 1
Block 22: Program EndMain

Format: EndMain
To add an EndMain block:
1. Press Sub (F8). The soft keys change.
2. Press EndMain (F4). The CNC adds an EndMain block to the
program.
The program is finished.
Checking the Program

Refer to Table 3-1, Sample Part Program EX-1. Review the program
block by block.
Draw Graphics
Figure 3-6, Draw Mode (Iso View) Showing Sample Part

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Starting Draw
Start Draw Simulation Mode from the Edit or MDI Mode. The DISPLAY
(F5) and Parms (F9) settings determine how Draw looks and runs.
Adjust view settings before you start the simulation. Use soft keys to
make setting changes.
In Draw Simulation Mode, the CNC does not halt the operation of the
program for dwells and tool mounts.
NOTE: In the Tool Page, set the tool diameter for Tool #1 to .25 in. Set
the tool diameter for Tool #2 to .4375 in. Add a temporary tool
length offset of .1 in. for both tools. This enables the Draw
Graphics Mode to display tool movement away from the part in Z.
To activate Draw Simulation Mode:
1. In Edit Mode, select the program.
2. Press Draw (F2). The viewing displayed in upper-right corner of the
screen. Draw soft keys activate.
3. Press DISPLAY (F5). A pop-up is displayed, with Fit highlighted.
4. Press ENTER. Fit scales the image to fit in the viewing area.
5. Press Run (F3) to run the program. The CNC traces the tool path in
the viewing area, but the machine remains idle.
In Run Mode, the soft keys change to allow you to change the way the
draw simulation runs. Press Auto (F1), S. Step (F2) or Motion (F3) to
switch the operating mode. Run in Motion (motion-to-motion) or S. Step
(block-by-block) Mode to check axis position at the end of every motion or
block.
NOTE: To clear the Draw display and return to the Edit screen, press
Draw (F2) or Exit (F10).
Refer to Figure 3-6, Draw Mode (Iso View) Showing Sample Part. Run
the completed program in Draw Graphics (also called Simulation Mode)
to verify the moves. Refer to the 3000M CNC Programming and
Operations Manual for Three- and Four-Axis Systems, P/N 70000504,
“Section 7 - Viewing Programs with Draw” for more information on Draw
Graphics.
The CNC simulates drilled holes as cylinders fixed on the hole position.
NOTE: The CNC will simulate drilled holes only if you have entered a
Tool Diameter for the active tool (in the Tool Page).
Draw Graphics usually runs the program twice; first without Tool
Compensation, then with Tool Compensation. The first drawing shows
the actual programmed tool path. The second drawing is the
compensated tool path that the machine will actually follow. Compare
these views with the blueprint to make sure each move begins and ends
where it should, and that Tool Compensation activates and deactivates as
required.

31-August-01
View the program in Isometric view (3D), then in the XY (top) view for the
best results (refer to Figure 3-7). Look at it from the front (XZ) or end
(YZ) views to examine the depths of the cuts. If you detect any errors,
return to the Edit Mode and correct the program as necessary. Re-run
the program in Draw to verify any corrections before you run the program.
Figure 3-7, Draw Mode XY View (Top)
NOTE: If the operator sets Draw to display both compensated and

uncompensated moves, Draw runs the program twice: once with
then once without compensated moves. For comparison, the tool
paths of both versions appear on the screen.
Putting Draw in Hold

Press Hold (F8) or HOLD to pause a program running in Draw. Press
Start (F7) or START to resume.
Selecting the View Mode

View Draw from one of the following viewpoints:
XY plane (top view)
XZ plane (front view)
YZ plane (side or end view)
Iso (3D, with gridlines)
To set View Mode:
1. In Draw Mode, press VIEW (F4). The View Pop-Up Menu is
displayed.
2. Highlight XY, XZ, YZ, or Iso. Press ENTER. Draw orients the display
to the selected View Mode.

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Tool On or Off
Turn Tool On to display a drawing of the tool as it moves through the
part. Draw displays only the active tool. The tool must have a diameter
on the Tool Page or it will not appear in Draw. Draw scales the displayed
tool (cylinder) to the corresponding diameter. With Tool Off, Draw runs
the program faster.
Default: On.
To switch Tool On/Off setting:

1. In Draw Mode, press Parms (F9). The Parameter Pop-Up Menu is
displayed.
2. Highlight Tool and press ENTER. Tool switches between On and Off.
3. Press Parms (F9). The Parameter Pop-Up closes.
NOTE: Press Tool (F5) to switch the Tool On/Off.
Select a Program to Run
You must select a program before you can run it. To Select a program:
1. In the Program Directory, highlight a program name. Press Select
(F6). The CNC selects the program and the “SELECTED
PROGRAM” label is displayed at the bottom of the screen with the
selected program name.
Running Programs
There are three ways to run a program:
Single-Step Mode One block at a time (stops on every block).

Motion Mode One motion at a time (does not stop on non-motion
blocks such as Dim Abs/Inc blocks).
Automatic Mode Automatically runs the whole program, pausing only
for tool changes.
The Automatic and Single-Step screens are based on the Manual Mode
screen. Use the soft key labels to distinguish between modes. The CNC
highlights the soft key for the active mode.
NOTE: The CNC will only run the currently selected program. Use
Select (F6) in the Program Directory to select a program.

31-August-01
Running a Program One Step at a Time

The Single-Step screen provides access to the Single-Step Mode
(S.Step) and the Motion Mode (Motion) screens. Either mode allows the
operator to step through the program and verify the moves before
production.
NOTE: ANILAM recommends Motion Mode.

The S.Step screen differs from the Manual screen as follows:
There are fewer active soft keys.
The S.STEP (F5) soft key highlights.
The S.STEP indicator is displayed in the status box (upper right
corner of screen).
To run a program in Single-Step Mode:
1. Select the required program and return to the Manual screen.

2. Press S.STEP (F5). Single-Step Mode activates.
3. Press START. The CNC executes a single block or motion.
NOTE: In Auto Mode, press S.STEP (F5) to activate Single-Step Mode.
Switching Between Motion and Single-Step Mode

To switch the CNC between Single-Step (S.Step) and Motion Modes,
press MOTION (F7). Active soft keys highlight.
In Single-Step Mode, the CNC holds after each block, even if a block
does not include a move command. Press START to execute the
following block.
In Motion Mode, the CNC holds after each machine move. Press
START to execute each machine move.
Holding or Canceling a Single-Step Run

Press HOLD to pause program execution. To restart the program, press
START. To cancel a program that is on hold, press MANUAL (F4). This
cancels active canned cycles and Tool Compensation. All other modal
settings remain active.
Single-Step Execution of Selected Program Blocks

To select a starting block with ARROWS:
1. Press S.STEP (F5) to activate Single-Step Mode. MOTION (F7) is

the default.
2. Highlight the desired starting block.
3. Press START. The CNC executes the next block or motion.

31-August-01
Switching from Single-Step to Auto Mode

To switch the CNC from Single-Step to Auto Mode:
1. In Single-Step Mode, press AUTO (F6). The CNC completes the

current move then holds.
2. Press START. The CNC restarts and runs the rest of the program in
Automatic Mode.
Automatic Program Execution
Auto Mode is the CNC’s production mode. Execute all or part of a
program in Auto Mode. Activate Auto Mode from the Manual or Single-
Step screens.
The Auto screen differs from the Manual screen as follows:
There are fewer active soft keys.
The AUTO (F6) highlights.
The AUTO indicator is displayed in the status box (upper right corner
of the screen).
To run a program in Auto Mode:
1. Select the required program and return to the Manual screen.
2. Press AUTO (F6). Auto Mode activates.
3. Press START. The CNC runs the entire program for production. It
stops only for tool changes.
Holding or Canceling an Auto Run
Press HOLD to pause program execution. To restart a program after a
hold, press START.
To cancel program execution when a program is on hold, press MANUAL

(F4). This also cancels any active Tool Compensation and canned
cycles. All other modal settings remain active.

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Starting at a Specific Block
CAUTION: Choose the specified starting block carefully. Modes

and compensations enabled in the program before the
specified block may no longer be effective. We
recommend starting at a tool mount.
To select a starting block before you run the program, use ARROWS or the
Search function. Search directs the CNC to search the program for a
block number, a block containing a number or a block containing specific
text. The CNC highlights and displays the first block found that contains
the search criteria information. Search only seeks forward in the program.
To select a starting block:
1. Press AUTO (F6).

2. Highlight the required starting block.
– or –
Press Search (F3). Type the search text. Search all occurrences of
the text until you find the required starting block.
3. Press START. The CNC automatically runs a program from the
selected block.
Clearing a Halted Program

When the CNC encounters a program block that generates an error, it
displays a Warning message and stops the program. Press MANUAL
(F4) to reactivate the keypad. Press CLEAR to clear the messages. Press
START to re-start the program.
Program Run Status
Figure 3-8, Program Timer and Parts Counter

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Refer to Figure 3-8, Program Timer and Parts Counter. The CNC keeps
track of program run time (TIMER) and the number of successfully
completed parts (PARTS). Run time is displayed in hours, minutes and
seconds. These two features are available in Manual, Auto and S. Step
Modes.
The timer begins timing the program run when you press START. It stops
when it encounters an EndMain block. Therefore, ensure that an
EndMain block has been included at the end of the program.
The timer pauses if the CNC holds and during a tool change. The timer stops
if the operator switches to Manual Mode. The timer value remains the same
until the operator switches to Auto or S.Step Mode again. Then, the timer
resets to zero.
The Parts Counter starts at zero and increments by one every time the
CNC runs an EndMain block. Therefore, ensure that an EndMain block
has been included at the end of the program. The CNC continues to
count parts until you switch to Manual Mode. The counter resets to zero
when you switch to Auto or Single-Step Mode.

31-August-01
Quiz 3
True or False
1. After the program is written, you must decide how the work will be held, what tools
you will use, and in what order you will use them.
2. You must tell the control how to drill before you tell it where to drill.
3. In the entry menus, you press F10 to save programming blocks.

4. In the entry menus, you must fill in all “blank” entry fields.
5. To determine whether Tool Compensation is Left or Right, stand behind the tool and
look in the direction the tool is traveling.
6. In order to turn off Tool Compensation after the last compensated move has been
made, you must program a move in the same block as a Tool #0 (cancel Tool
Compensation).
7. You can only run programs one block at a time in Draw Graphics.
Exercise 1
Use the blueprint for the Sample Part (refer to Figure 3-1, Programming Sample Part) to
program a Bolt Hole Pattern, Circular Pocket and contours on your own. Use Draw
Graphics to check your work. Try to create the program without referring to the text.
1. F
2. T
3. T
4. F
5. T
6. F
7. F

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P/N 70000505 - Machine Setup
Section 4 - Machine Setup

In this section, you will:
q Set Absolute Zero.
q Set the Z Home Position.
q Set Tool Length Offsets for Drill and End Mill Tools.
q Set Tool Diameter Offsets.
Set Absolute Zero
Figure 4-1, Set Absolute Zero
Refer to Figure 4-1. All Absolute dimensions are referenced to Absolute

Zero (X0, Y0). For the Sample Part, place Absolute Zero in the upper-left
corner of the workpiece held in a vise.
1. Place a 0.200” diameter edge finder in the spindle.
2. Set it to the proper height. The tip of the edge finder should clear the
top of the workpiece.
3. Hand-tighten the edge finder in the spindle.
4. To ensure that the servos are on, press SERVO RESET. The CNC
turns on power to the servos.
NOTE: Press the FEEDRATE OVERRIDE switch to change the Jog
Feedrate (Rapid, Feed, Jog 100, Jog 10, Jog 1). The Jog Mode
is displayed on screen.
5. Find the X Part Edge:
A. Press the X- and Y- JOG keys to move the table into position.
Move to the X Part Edge Position. The edge finder must clear the
left side of the part. Use Rapid Jog Mode.

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B. Switch to Feed Jog Mode. Press Z- until the edge finder is slightly
below the work surface.
C. Jog in X+. As the tool moves closer to the work surface,
decrease the Jog resolution to Jog 100 (0.010” per move).
D. Press SPDL FWD. The spindle turns on.
E. Switch to Jog 10 (0.001” per move) and move the tool in until the
edge finder kicks out of concentricity. Turn off the spindle.
F. The edge of the spindle is now 0.100” to the left of the workpiece.
Set X to -0.100”. To do this, press X, press the +/- key so that the
sign is negative, and type 0.100. Press ENTER. The CNC displays
-0.100 in the X Axis Display.
NOTE: Do not press START, which commands a move to the entered
position.
6. Find the Y Part Edge:
A. Press the X- and Y+ JOG keys to move the table into position.
Move to the Y Part Edge Position. (You may need to raise the
edge finder in Z to clear the work holding device.) Use Rapid Jog
Mode.
B. Switch to Feed Jog Mode. Press Z- until the edge finder is slightly
below the work surface.
C. Jog in Y-. As the tool moves closer to the work surface, decrease
the Jog resolution to Jog 100 (0.010” per move).
D. Press SPDL FWD. The spindle turns on.
E. Switch to Jog 10 (0.001” per move) and move the tool in until the
edge finder kicks out of concentricity. Turn off the spindle.
F. The edge of the spindle is 0.100” away from the workpiece. Set Y
to 0.100”. To do this, press Y and type 0.100. Press ENTER. The
CNC displays 0.100 in the Y Axis Display.
NOTE: Do not press START, which commands a move to the entered
position.
7. Visually inspect the spindle center position.
A. Switch to Jog Rapid Mode.
B. Jog Z+ to clear the work surface.
C. Return to X0, Y0. (Press X. Press 0. Press Y. Press 0. Press
START.)
D. Make sure the spindle is centered over the upper-left corner of the
part. If not, repeat the procedure to correct any errors until the
spindle is centered over the upper-left corner of the part at X0,
Y0.
8. Return to Z 0.100. (Press Z. Press .100. Press START.)

31-August-01
Using the DRO Mode

You can use DRO (Digital Readout) Mode to set X0, Y0 and Tool Length
Offsets. Use the hand cranks to position the axes manually, instead of
turning on the servos. Set the switch on the cabinet to MANUAL. The
CNC displays the positions of the axes but will not execute programmed
commands.
Canceling Tool Length Offsets

Before you type the first Tool Length Offset, make sure there are no Tool
Length Offsets active from a previous program. The active tool (TOOL)
is displayed under the Axis Display on the screen. If the CNC displays
TOOL: 0, then no Tool Length Offsets are active. If the CNC displays
any other Tool #, you will need to cancel the active tool before setting the
Tool Length Offsets.
To cancel the active Tool #:
1. Press 5/TOOL. The Tool Mount Graphic Menu is displayed.
2. Press 0.
4. Press START to activate Tool #0.
Setting a New Z Home

Set Z Home (Tool #0, Z0) at the fully retracted quill position, almost on
the limit switch.
To set Z0:
1. Make sure Tool #0 is active.
2. Jog the quill up, until it almost reaches the limit switch.
3. Press Z. Press 0. Press ENTER. The CNC sets Z0 at the current
location.
NOTE: Do not press START, which commands a move to Z0.
Setting Tool Length Offsets for Drilling Tools

To find the Tool Length Offset for Tool #1, a 1/4” drill:
2. Put Tool 1 in the spindle.
3. Press the JOG key to switch to Jog Feed Mode.
4. Jog to an XY position over the top of the workpiece.
5. Press Z- to jog to a position close to the work surface.
6. Jog to a position very close to the work surface.
7. Place a scrap of paper between the tip of the tool and the work
surface.

31-August-01
8. Press the JOG key to switch to Jog 100 (0.010” per move). Press Z-
to move the tool closer to the part.
9. Move the paper back and forth. If it moves freely, press the JOG key
to switch to Jog 10 (0.001” per move). Press Z- until the tip of the tool
pinches the paper and it no longer moves.
The value displayed in the Z Axis Display is the Tool #1 Length
Offset. Enter the offset in the Tool Page so that every time Tool #1 is
activated, the programmed Z position will be referenced to that point.
10. Enter the Tool Page. Highlight Tool #1 (row 1). Press Calib (F8).
The CNC enters the Z Axis Display value as the Tool #1 Length
Offset.
Setting the Tool Length Offset for Milling Tools
NOTE: Normally, in a CNC retrofit, there is a quick change spindle so

that the tool goes to the same position for every tool change. In
those cases, the correct tool length offset is automatically
maintained after you enter the offsets.
With end mills, the Tool Length Offset needs to be more accurate than
for a drill. Therefore, the procedures are different.
To set the Tool Length Offset for Tool #2, a 7/16” end mill:
2. Jog away from the workpiece.
3. Remove Tool #1 from the spindle.
4. Place Tool #2 in the spindle.
5. Touch the tip of the tool to the work surface.
6. Press the JOG key to switch to Jog Feed Mode.
7. Jog to an XY position over the top of the workpiece.
8. Press Z- to jog to a position close to the work surface.
9. Jog to a position very close to the work surface.
10. Press the JOG key to switch to Jog 100 (0.010” per move). Press Z-
to move the tool closer to the part.
11. Press the JOG key to switch to Jog 10 (0.001” per move); or switch to
Jog 1 (0.0001” per move). Press Z- until the tip of the tool touches
the work surface.
12. Turn off the spindle.
The value displayed in the Z Axis Display is the Tool #2 Length
Offset. Enter the offset in the Tool Page so that every time Tool #2 is
activated, the programmed Z position will be referenced to the point
where the tip of the tool meets the work surface.
13. Enter the Tool Page. Highlight Tool #2 (row 2). Press Calib (F8).
The CNC enters the Z Axis Display value as the Tool #2 Length
Offset.

31-August-01
Setting Tool Diameters

Tool #1 has a diameter of 1/4” (0.25”). Tool #2 has a diameter of 7/16”
(0.4375”).
To enter the tool diameter offset in the Tool Page:
1. In the Tool Page, use the ARROWS to move the cursor to the
appropriate row (Row 1 for Tool #1 and Row 2 for Tool #2).
2. Move the cursor to the Diameter column.
3. Type the appropriate diameter (0.25 for Tool #1 and 0.4375 for Tool
#2).
4. Press Exit (F10) to exit the Tool Page and save the diameters.
5. Press Z. Press 0. Press START. The CNC returns to Z0.
Machining the Part

To machine the part:
1. Select the required program.
2. In the Manual screen, press AUTO (F6) to activate the Auto Mode.
3. Place Tool #1 in the spindle.
4. Press START. The CNC runs the program.

31-August-01
Quiz 4
True or False:
1. Before you machine the workpiece, you must select (load) the required program in
the Edit Mode.
2. Absolute Zero is always used as the tool change position.
3. In DRO Mode, you must use the hand cranks to position the table.
4. Tool #0, Z0 is also known as the Z Home position.
5. Before you enter the first Tool Length Offset, Tool #0 must be the active tool.
6. The CLEAR key cancels all active Tool Length Offsets.
7. The CNC supports 16 tool numbers.
Exercise 1:
Use an edge finder to set Absolute Zero for X and Y.

Exercise 2:
Set a new Z Home position. Set the Tool Length Offsets for Tools #1 and #2.
Exercise 3:
Machine the workpiece programmed in “Section 3.”
1. F
2. F
3. T
4. T
5. T
6. F
7. F

31-August-01
P/N 70000505 - Calculators
Section 5 - Calculators
The CNC features a powerful calculator package that contains three
separate calculators:
q Math Calculator
q Right Triangle Calculator
q Geometry Calculator
The programmer can recall calculator solutions directly into the labeled
fields of a graphic menu. Each of the three calculators has separate
memory space to store and recall solutions.
Math Calculator
The Math Calculator has the same features commonly found in a
scientific calculator, including: basic math, trigonometry, unit conversion,
logs, exponential operations, angle/radian conversions, and inverse
calculation.
Figure 5-1, Calculator Selection Menu
Activating the Math Calculator

To activate the Math Calculator:
1. Refer to Figure 5-1. In Edit or MDI Mode, press Calc (F7). The
Calculator Selection Menu is displayed on the screen.
2. Highlight the Math Calculator template and press ENTER. The Math
Calculator activates.

31-August-01
Math Calculator Basics
Soft Keys
Figure 5-2, Math Calculator & Soft Keys
Refer to Figure 5-2. The Math Calculator is displayed as a pop-up in the
center of the screen.
Numbers appear in the storage area, as entered. Select math operations
from the soft keys.
Refer to Table 5-1, Math Operation Soft Keys. Type the first number of
the calculation, then press an operation soft key. The CNC places the
number in the column. Now, select the operation to be performed with
the next number. Type the second number, and so forth.
After you type the last number of a calculation, press ENTER. The CNC
places the final number in the column and calculates the answer. The
result is displayed in the storage area. Press Store (F9) to copy the
result to the calculator’s memory.
Press CE (F8) to clear previous calculations.
When the operator types illogical combinations of operations and
numbers, the CNC displays an error message or a row of asterisks
(*******).

31-August-01
Table 5-1, Math Operation Soft Keys

Operation Soft Key Label Soft Key Number
Add + (F1)
Subtract - (F2)
Multiply * (F3)
Divide / (F4)
Left Hand Parenthesis ( (F5)
Right Hand Parenthesis ) (F6)
Misc. Function Pop-Up Menu Func (F7)
Clear CE (F8)
Store Number for Recall Store (F9)
NOTE: Off-line keyboard users can use the appropriate keyboard keys.
Operations Involving Two Numbers

To add, subtract, multiply or divide two numbers:
1. With the Math Calculator active, type the first number, followed by the
appropriate function hot key: + (F1), - (F2), * (F3), or / (F4). The CNC
adds the number and operation symbol to the column.
2. Type the second number and press ENTER. The CNC adds the
second number to the column and displays the solution in the storage
area.
Using Parentheses
Use parentheses to indicate arithmetical operations in a non-standard
order. (Example: finding a sum before using it as a multiplication factor.)
The CNC performs operations within parentheses first.
When the CNC encounters parentheses, it solves the operation within the
parentheses immediately, and substitutes that value for the parenthetical
expression in the column.
Use parentheses in pairs, if at all. Make sure the parenthetical
expression contains a left parenthesis “(” at the beginning and a right
parenthesis “)” at the end. Otherwise, the CNC cannot calculate the
result.
The CNC performs operations within parentheses top to bottom, as they
appear in the column, with innermost expressions solved first.
For example, the following expression:
(7 + 4 + ((6 * 9) -1)) / 8
Generates a result of 8.

31-August-01
Order of calculation:
6 * 9 = 54
54 -1 = 53
53 + 7 = 60
60 + 4 = 64
64 / 8 = 8
Using Additional Functions

Refer to Table 5-2. The Func (F7) key activates a pop-up menu that
provides access to additional math functions. These functions perform
their listed operations on a single number.
To use an additional function:
1. With the Math Calculator active, type a number and press Func (F7).
The Function Pop-Up Menu is displayed to the right of the calculator.
2. Highlight a function and press ENTER. The result is displayed in the
storage area.
Table 5-2, Function Selection Pop-Up Listing
Pop-Up Box Label Function
Sine Sine Function
Cosine Cosine Function
Asine Arcsine Function
Acosine Arcosine Function
ATangent Arctangent Function
SQRT Square Root Function
SQR Squaring Function
LN Natural Log Function
Log Log Function Base 10
Exp Exponential Function
ToMetric Inch-to-Metric Conversion
ToInch Metric-to-Inch Conversion
ToDegs Radian-to-Degree Conversion
ToRads Degree-to-Radian Conversion
Inverse Inverse Function

31-August-01
Storing Numbers from the Math Calculator

Press Store (F9) to copy the number from the storage area to the
calculator’s memory. The Math Calculator ’s memory holds 64 numbers.
Numbers stored in memory can be recalled directly to a program.
NOTE: If accessed from a graphic menu, the Math Calculator will auto
paste values into an entry field.
Right Triangle Calculator

The Right Triangle Calculator solves the unknown angles and sides of a
right triangle, given any two sides, any two angles or an angle and a side.
Store any or all of the values in the calculator’s memory.
Activating the Triangle Calculator

1. Refer to Figure 5-1, Calculator Selection Menu. In Edit or MDI Mode,
press Calc (F7). The Calculator selection menu is displayed.
Triangle Calculator activates.
Using the Triangle Calculator

Refer to Figure 5-3, Right Triangle Calculator Screen. The Right Triangle
Calculator’s pop-up screen contains three main areas:
q Entry/solution area
q Diagram area
q Message area
The labeled entry fields in the entry/solution area correspond to the sides
and angles shown in the diagram.
To use the Right Triangle Calculator, type the known values: any two
angles, any two sides or one angle and one side.
When you type two known elements and press Find (F7), the CNC
calculates and displays values for all remaining sides and angles. The
CNC places an asterisk after solved element values. A scaled drawing of
the solved triangle is also displayed in the diagram area.
To clear a single incorrect value, highlight that value and press CLEAR.
To clear all displayed values, press ClrAll (F8).
An illogical entry generates an error message.
Recall Right Triangle Calculator solutions directly to a program (for
positive incremental moves only). To adjust these solutions to produce
Absolute coordinates, recall the values to the Math Calculator and add an
offset value.

31-August-01
Figure 5-3, Right Triangle Calculator Screen

To solve for the sides and angles of a right triangle:
1. With the Right Triangle Calculator active, highlight the field for one
side or angle and type the value.
2. Highlight another side or angle and type the value.
3. Press Find (F7). A scaled drawing of the triangle is displayed in the
solution box. Calculated sides and angles are displayed in all fields.
Storing Right Triangle Calculator Results

The CNC will save any side or angle value.
To store a value:
1. Solve the required triangle.

2. Highlight the value to be stored.
3. Press Store (F9). The selected value is stored in memory.
Hiding the Right Triangle Calculator Screen

You can hide the Right Triangle Calculator to view the program, without
exiting the calculator. To hide the calculator, press Hide (F4). To show
the calculator again, press Find (F7) or any other key on the console or
keypad.

31-August-01
Geometry Calculator
The CNC uses Cartesian coordinates (X, Y, Z-axis values) to define most
positions. However, the operator must sometimes determine position
coordinates based on the known construction of other elements on the
print, including lines, circles and angles.
The Geometry Calculator provides an assortment of line, circle, angle
and point templates. Use these templates to sketch a geometry
construction that identifies the unknown position. The Geometry
Calculator inserts a point at the required position. The calculator
automatically solves the coordinates of all points. Recall stored
coordinates as necessary in a program.
Activating the Geometry Calculator

1. Refer to Figure 5-1, Calculator Selection Menu. In Edit or MDI Mode,
press Calc (F7). Calculator Selection Menu is displayed on the
screen.
2. Highlight the Geometry Calculator template and press ENTER. The
Geometry Calculator activates.
Geometry Calculator Screen
Figure 5-4, Geometry Calculator
Refer to Figure 5-4. The Geometry Calculator is a pop-up screen with a

display area, a message area and eighteen geometry templates. The
geometry construction is displayed in the display area.
Use the DISPLAY (F5) soft key selections to alter the view of the display
area. The DISPLAY (F5) options work the same as they do in the Draw
Mode display.
The calculator prompts for required values and selections. Pay close
attention to the prompts.

31-August-01
Using the Geometry Calculator
Use the ARROWS to select a template. Press ENTER to activate the

selected template. Points, lines and circles are the basic elements of all
sketches. Use the eighteen geometry templates to define these
elements. Each geometry tool defines an element differently. You will
probably need more than one tool to define the required geometry
construction. Templates that require pre-existing points will prompt you
to activate one of the point identification templates.
The X- and Y-axis lines appear as solid lines; constructed lines and
circles appear as dotted lines; points are marked with an “x” (lowercase
x).
NOTE: Absolute Zero is at the intersection of the X and Y-axis lines.

Therefore, construct geometry elements based on where you will
set X0, Y0 on the part.
The CNC assigns a number to each element in a sketch.
Every element in the sketch also is displayed on the Geometry List. The
element numbers on the Geometry List correspond to the element
numbers in the sketch.
The Geometry List includes the following details about each element:
Circles Absolute position of center and radius
Lines Orientation (angle) and Absolute position
at which it crosses X and/or Y axis
Points Absolute positions
The calculator automatically numbers each element and stores the
following details in memory:
Points Absolute position
Circles Absolute position of center
NOTE: The Geometry Calculator does not automatically save the
coordinates of an intersection between two elements. Insert a
point at the intersection to save its coordinates.
When you delete an element from the sketch, the CNC deletes all stored
information regarding that element.
There are three columns of geometry templates shown on the screen.
Point templates are in the left-hand column. Line templates are in the
center column. Circle templates are in the right-hand column.
q For point templates (left column), refer to Table 5-3, Point Templates.
q For line templates (center column), refer to Table 5-4, Line Templates.
q For circle templates (right column), refer to Table 5-5, Circle
Templates.

31-August-01
Review the tables to see the requirements for each template. Some
templates require some feature of an existing element as a reference.
Experiment to understand how each template operates.
NOTE: After a series of deletions and additions, the display could

appear incomplete. Press Display (F5) and select Redraw to
refresh the screen.
Point Templates
Some point templates insert points at positions defined by the operator.
Some use other elements as references.
Many line and circle templates display a “Select point definition . . .,”
message when activated. This indicates that the selected template
requires the operator to select (or create) a reference point.
Templates that insert points at circle centers and element intersections
will prompt the operator for the required element number(s). The CNC
displays all possible intersections. The user selects one.
Table 5-3, Point Templates

Template Purpose Requirements
Defines a point in a sketch. - Must know Absolute
X and Y position of
the point.
Defines a point at an X & Y increment from - Must know

existing point. Incremental X and Y
distances from
existing point.
Defines a point at radius and angle from - Must know number of
existing point. degrees and
direction (±) from the
3 o’clock position.
Defines a point at the center of an existing - Circle must already
circle. be an element of the
sketch.
Defines the point of intersection between two - Sketch must contain

existing elements. Prompts user to select an two intersecting (or
intersection when more than one intersection tangential) elements.
exists.
Identifies an existing point. Usually used - Point must already
when the construction of a new element be an element of the
requires a reference point. sketch.

31-August-01
Line Templates
Line templates use other elements or axis positions as references.
Templates that draw lines tangent to circles display all possible tangent
lines and prompt the operator to select one.
Table 5-4, Line Templates

Constructs a line parallel to Y-axis, at an X - Must know Absolute
location. X-axis position of the
line.
Constructs a line parallel to X-axis, at a Y - Must know Absolute

location. Y-axis position of the
line.
Constructs a line between any two points. - Use any point tool to
Prompts user to select a point tool to define locate the two
each endpoint. endpoints.
Constructs a line through a point, rotated - Must know number of

specified number of degrees from the 3 degrees and direction
o’clock position. Prompts user to select any (±) from the 3 o’clock
point tool to define point of rotation. position.
- Use any point tool to
locate point of
rotation.
Constructs a line parallel to an existing line - Existing line must
at specified (positive or negative) distance. already be an element
of the sketch.
Constructs a line through a selected point - Circle must already be

and tangent to an existing circle. Prompts an element of the
user to select any point tool for point. sketch.
Displays tangent lines on both sides of
circle. User selects required tangent. - Use any point tool to
locate the point.
Constructs a line tangent to any two circles. - Two circles must
Displays the four tangent lines possible. already be elements
User selects required tangent. of the sketch.
Constructs a line rotated a specified - Circle must already be

number of degrees from the 3 o’clock an element of the
position and tangent to existing circle. sketch.
- Must know number of
degrees of rotation
from the 3 o’clock
position.

31-August-01
Circle Templates
Circle templates use other elements as positioning references.
Templates that draw circles tangent to other circles, lines or points
display all possible tangent circles and prompt the operator to select one.
Table 5-5, Circle Templates

Constructs a circle of a specified radius - Sketch must contain
tangent to any two existing lines and/or at least two lines
circles. All possible tangential circles are and/or circles.
displayed. The user selects the required
tangent.
Constructs a circle of a specified radius - Use any point tool to
centered on a position. Prompts user to locate the center.
select a point tool to define the center point. - Must know radius.
Constructs a circle of a specified radius - Line must already be
tangent to an existing line and through an an element of the
existing point. Prompts user to select a point sketch.
tool to define point. Finds center. - Use any point tool to
locate the point.
Constructs a circle centered on a point and - Line must already be
tangent to an existing line. Prompts user to an element of the
select any point tool to define center point. sketch.
Finds radius. - Use any point tool to
locate the center.
Deleting Selected Elements

To delete an element from the sketch:
1. With the Geometry Calculator active, press GEOMETR (F7). A pop-
up menu is displayed.
2. Highlight Delete Item and press ENTER. The screen prompts for the
element number being deleted.
3. Type the element number and press ENTER to delete the item.
Deleting All Elements
To clear all elements from the display area:
1. With the Geometry Calculator active, press GEOMETR (F7). A pop-

2. Highlight Delete All and press ENTER. The screen prompts the user
to confirm the deletion.
3. Press Yes (F1) to clear the screen. Press No (F2) to cancel the
command.

31-August-01
Listing All Geometry Elements

The CNC stores information on all points, circles and lines created in the
Geometry Calculator in the Geometry List.
q For a point, the CNC lists the X,Y coordinates.
q For a line, the CNC lists where the line crosses the X and/or Y-axes;
and, sometimes, the angle in reference to the 3 o’clock, 0-degree
position.
q For a circle, the CNC lists the circle center and radius.
To display the Geometry List:
1. With the Geometry Calculator open, press GEOMETR (F7). A pop-
2. Highlight Geometry List and press ENTER. The Geometry List is
displayed.
Calculating the Distance between Two Elements
Use Calc. Distance to calculate the shortest distance between any two
elements drawn with the Geometry Calculator.
NOTE: For circles, the CNC calculates the shortest distance from the
circle center to the other element.
To calculate the distance between two elements with the Geometry
Calculator:
1. With the Geometry Calculator open, press GEOMETR (F7). A pop-
2. Highlight Calc. Distance and press ENTER. The CNC prompts,
“Enter number of first element:”
3. Type the first element number. The CNC prompts, “Enter number of
second element:”
4. Type the second element number. The CNC calculates and displays
the shortest distance between the two elements.
Last Position Recall

Whenever the calculator prompts for an X position, Y position or circle,
the operator can recall the last X position, Y position or circle used by the
calculator.
To recall a position:
1. When the calculator prompts for an X position, Y position or circle
number, press the up and down ARROWS to recall the last position or
circle number used.

31-August-01
Recalling Values to a Program

Refer to Figure 5-5. The Program Editor displays Recall (F2) when a
graphic menu activates. You can now recall calculator solutions stored in
memory directly to the entry fields of a graphic menu.
NOTE: The operator can recall saved values only from the same
calculator in which they were saved. Use the menu to select the
type of recall.
Figure 5-5, Recall Selection Pop-Up
Recalling Values from the Math Calculator

To recall a value from the Math Calculator:
1. From the graphic menu for the block being edited, highlight the field
and press Recall (F2). The Calculator Recall Selection Menu is
displayed. Refer to Figure 5-5.
2. Highlight the Math Calculator template and press ENTER. Select
value: pop-up is displayed, with the most recently saved value
displayed at the top of the pop-up menu. Refer to Figure 5-6.
to the graphic menu.
Figure 5-6, Math Calculator Select Value Pop-Up

31-August-01
Recalling Values from the Right Triangle Calculator
Figure 5-7, Recall Selection Pop-Up

To recall values from the Right Triangle Calculator:
to receive the recalled value.
2. Press Recall (F2). The Select value: menu is displayed. Refer to
Figure 5-5, Recall Selection Pop-Up.
Triangle Calculator Memory Selection Pop-Up is displayed. Refer to
Figure 5-8.
to the graphic menu.
Figure 5-8, Triangle Calculator Recall Pop-Up
Recalling Values from the Geometry Calculator
You can recall Geometry Calculator values from the calculator’s Select
point: pop-up menu. This menu is displayed next to a copy of the sketch
that generated the points. The recall listing corresponds to the numbered
elements on the sketch.
Positions on the recall list followed by [C] are circle centers.
Positions on the recall list followed by [P] are points.

Either one or both of the position coordinates can be recalled.

31-August-01
To recall a value from the Geometry Calculator:

to receive the recalled value.
2. Press Recall (F2). The Calculator Recall Selection Menu is
displayed. Refer to Figure 5-5, Recall Selection Pop-Up.
3. Highlight the Geometry Calculator template and press ENTER. The
CNC opens the Select point: pop-up menu and displays the saved
sketch. Refer to Figure 5-9.
4. Highlight the required values and press ENTER. The Select term:
pop-up menu prompts for Both X and Y values, X only, or Y only.
5. Select the required terms and press ENTER. CNC copies the selected
values to the graphic menu.
[C] Indicates Circle Center Coordinates

[P] Indicates Point Coordinates
SEL_PNT
Figure 5-9, Geometry Calculator Select Point Pop-Up Menu
Recalling Values from One Calculator into Another

The Triangle Calculator can recall values from other calculators. Press
Recall (F2) to recall values in the Geometry Calculator or Math
Calculator.
Geometry Calculator Example

The example uses these Geometry Templates:
q Center and Radius Template
q XY Point Definition Template
q Line Tangent to Two Circles Template
q Point Definition: Intersection of Two Elements Template

31-August-01
5"
Rad. 1.25"
Rad. 0.75"
X0, Y0
OBLONG
Figure 5-10, Oblong Geometry Calculator Example
Refer to Figure 5-10. Use the Geometry Calculator to locate

programming points for the oblong shape in the figure. Follow the
directions below.
Figure 5-11, Completed Geometry Calculator Display

31-August-01
Refer to Table 5-6 for a list of the elements you will create.
Table 5-6, Geometry Calculator Example-Elements
Element Template Template Name
Circle 1 Center and Radius Template
Circle 2 Center and Radius Template
Line 3 Line Tangent to Two Circles

Line 4 Line Tangent to Two Circles
Point 5 Point Definition: Intersection of Two Elements

I. Circle 1
To create Circle 1:
1. Refer to Figure 5-11, Completed Geometry Calculator Display.
Activate the Geometry Calculator.
2. Highlight the Center and Radius Template. Press ENTER. The
CNC prompts for the R value (radius).
3. Type 1.25. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for a center
definition.
4. The XY Point Template is highlighted. Press ENTER. The CNC
prompts for the X value.
5. Type 0. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for a Y value.
6. Type 0. Press ENTER. The CNC displays Circle 1.
7. Press Display (F5). Fit is already highlighted. Press ENTER. The
CNC configures the display to show all constructed elements in
the viewing area.
II. Circle 2
To create Circle 2:
2. Highlight the Center and Radius Template. Press ENTER. The
CNC prompts for the R value (radius).
3. Type 0.75. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for a center
definition.
4. Select the XY Point Template. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts
for the X value.
5. Type 5. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for a Y value.
6. Type 0. Press ENTER. The CNC displays Circle 2.
7. Press Display (F5). Fit is already highlighted. Press ENTER. The
CNC configures the display to show all constructed elements in
the viewing area.

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III. Line 3
To create Line 3:
2. Highlight the Line Tangent to Two Circles Template. Press
ENTER. The CNC prompts for a circle number.
3. Type 1. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for a circle number.
4. Type 2. Press ENTER. The CNC displays all possible lines
tangent to both circles (labeled 1 to 4) and prompts you to Select
1-4.
5. Type 1. Press ENTER. The CNC displays the top tangent line.
IV. Line 4
To create Line 4:
2. Highlight the Line Tangent to Two Circles Template. Press
ENTER. The CNC prompts for a circle number.
3. Type 1. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for a circle number.
4. Type 2. Press ENTER. The CNC displays all possible lines
tangent to both circles (labeled 1 to 4) and prompts you to Select
1-4.
5. Type 4. Press ENTER. The CNC displays the bottom tangent line.
6. Press Display (F5). Highlight Redraw. Press ENTER. The CNC
redraws the display to show all constructed elements.
V. Point 5
To create Point 5:
2. Highlight the Point Definition: Intersection of Two Elements
Template. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for the first
element.
3. Type 1. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for the second
element.
4. Type 3. Press ENTER. The CNC displays Point 5 tangent to the
entered elements.
VI. Point 6
To create Point 6:
element.
element.
entered elements.

31-August-01
VII. Point 7
To create Point 7:
Template. Press ENTER. The CNC prompts for the first element.
element.
entered elements.
VIII.Point 8
To create Point 8:
element.
element.
entered elements.
NOTE: The Geometry Calculator stores all values. These values can be
recalled to a program. Keep in mind that these Absolute values
might need to be adjusted according to how you use them in the
program.

31-August-01
Sample Program with Recalled Geometry Points

Refer to Table 5-7. In the following procedure, you will recall values from
the Geometry Calculator based on the preceding Geometry Calculator
Example. Follow the step-by-step instructions to program each block.
Refer Figure 5-11, Completed Geometry Calculator Display to for Points
referenced in the procedure.
Table 5-7, Program Using Recalled Geometry Calculator Values
Blk. # Format
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 Tool# 0
3 Tool# 1
4 Rapid X 0.1250 Y 1.2437
5 Rapid Z 0.1000
6 Line Z -0.1000
7 Line X 5.0750 Y 0.7462
8 Arc Cw X 5.0750 Y -0.7462 Radius 0.7500
9 Line X 0.1250 Y -1.2437
10 Arc Cw X 0.1250 Y 1.2437 XCenter 0.0000 YCenter 0.0000
12 EndMain
Block 1: Set Absolute Mode

Format: Dim Abs
To set the CNC to Absolute Mode:
1. Press ABS/INCR.
Block 2: Cancel Tool Length Compensation

To cancel tool length compensation:
Z 0.0000
Tool # 0
The CNC cancels length compensation and moves the tool to Z0.

Format: Tool#1
Type the following values:
Tool# 1

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Block 4: Move to XY Starting Position with Recalled Values

Format: Rapid X 0.1250 Y 1.2437
Move to the starting position in X and Y. These values will be recalled
from the Geometry Calculator (Point 5).
2. Press Recall (F2). Press ENTER. The Recall Selection Menu
activates.
3. Refer to Figure 5-7, Recall Selection Pop-Up. Highlight the
GEOMETRY CALCULATOR TEMPLATE. Press ENTER. The Geometry
Calculator Recall Menu activates.
4. Highlight the stored values for Point 5 (element 5). Press ENTER.
The Select Term Pop-up activates.
5. Select Both X and Y. (Both values are required.) Press ENTER. The
CNC transfers the X (0.1250) and Y (1.2437) coordinate values to the
Rapid Graphic Menu.
Block 5: Rapid to Z Start Height

Format: Rapid Z 0.1000
Rapid to Z Start Height, as follows:
Z 0.1000
Block 6: Feed to Z Depth of Cut

Format: Line Z- 0.1000
Feed to Z depth of cut, as follows:
Z -0.1000
Block 7: Linear Feed with Recalled Values

Format: Line X5.0750 Y0.7462
Move to the required XY endpoint (Point 5 to Point 6), as follows:
1. Press 1/LINE. The Rapid Graphic Menu activates.
activates.

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CNC transfers the X (5.0750) and Y (0.7462) coordinate values to the
Rapid Graphic Menu.
Block 8: Cw Arc Move with Recalled Values

Format: Arc Cw X5.0750 Y-0.7462 Radius 0.7500
Program a Cw arc move with recalled values for X and Y. You will type
the radius (.75). Move to the required XY endpoint (Point 6 to Point 7),
as follows:
1. Press 3/ARC. The Arc Graphic Menu activates. The Cw direction is
already selected.
activates.
CNC transfers the X (5.0750) and Y (-0.7462) coordinate values to
the Rapid Graphic Menu.
6. Refer to Figure 5-11, Completed Geometry Calculator Display. The
required radius is the radius of Circle 1 in the figure, or 0.75. In the
Arc Graphic Menu, highlight Radius. Type 0.75. Press ENTER.
Block 9: Linear Feed with Recalled Values

Format: Line X 0.1250 Y -1.2437
Move to the required XY endpoint (Point 7 to Point 8), as follows:
1. Press 1/LINE. The Rapid Graphic Menu activates.
activates.

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CNC transfers the X (0.1250) and Y (-1.2437) coordinate values to
the Rapid Graphic Menu.
Block 10: Cw Arc Move with Recalled Values

Format: Arc Cw X 0.1250 Y 1.2437 XCenter 0.0000 YCenter 0.0000
Move from Point 8 to Point 5 in a Cw arc move. This arc is defined by the
XY arc center and the XY endpoint. Recall values for X and Y (Point 5).
The arc center is X0, Y0. Therefore, use the default for XCenter
(0.0000) and YCenter (0.0000).
Arc (Endpoint-Radius)
Arc (Center-Endpoint)
Arc (Center-Angle)
SEL_ARC
Figure 5-12, Arc Definition Selection Menu

1. Press 3/ARC. The soft keys change.
2. Press More…(F4). The Arc Definition Selection Menu activates.
3. Refer to Figure 5-12. Select the ARC (CENTER-ENDPOINT) template.
Press ENTER. The Arc (Center-Endpoint) Graphic Menu activates.
The required Cw direction is already selected. The following steps
will program the remaining arc parameters.
4. Highlight X. Press Recall (F2). The Recall Selection Menu activates.
The Select Term Pop-Up activates.
7. Select Both X and Y. Press ENTER. The CNC transfers the X
(0.1250) and Y (1.2437) coordinate values to the Rapid Graphic
Menu.
The XCenter and YCenter default to 0.0000. This places the arc
center at X0, Y0.

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Block 11: Cancel Tool Length Compensation

To cancel tool length compensation:
Z 0.0000
Tool # 0
3. The CNC cancels length compensation and moves the tool to Z0.
Block 12: Program EndMain

Format: EndMain
To add an EndMain block:
1. Press Sub (F8). The soft keys change.
2. Press EndMain (F4). The CNC adds an EndMain block to the

program.
Refer to Table 5-7, Program Using Recalled Geometry Calculator Values

for the complete program listing.

31-August-01
Quiz 5
Exercise 1:
Use the Math and Trigonometry Calculators to find the cosine of 35 degrees.
Exercise 2:
Refer to Figure 5-13. Use the Right Triangle Calculator to find all sides and angles of
the following triangle. Where A = 0.2500 and D = 25.0000.
Figure 5-13, Exercise 2 Triangle

Exercise 3:
In this exercise, you will repeat the example provided in the text. Do not refer to the
step-by-step instructions in the workbook. Use the Geometry Calculator to create the
oblong slot. Store the four tangential points (where the lines and circles meet). In Edit
Mode, recall these values to an open program.
Figure 5-14, Exercise 3 Oblong Slot

Exercise 4:
Use Draw Graphics to verify the program that contains the recalled points from
“Exercise 3.”

31-August-01
P/N 70000505 - Practice Exercises and Sample Programs
Section 6 - Practice Exercises and Sample Programs

Using the Practice Exercises
The practice exercises consist of a series of tables. Each table contains
the keystrokes and instructions required for a single operation. The
keystrokes in each table are numbered. Perform the keystrokes in the
order shown on the table.
To make menu selections, use the ARROWS to highlight to the required
choice. Press ENTER to activate a highlighted choice. To switch
selections, press (+/-).
A brief description of the procedure is provided at the start of each
exercise. Be sure to start each exercise from the CNC screen listed in
the description.
When an exercise contains more than one table, each table will leave the
CNC at the correct screen to start the next table.

31-August-01
Starting Practice Exercises #1 - #5

Practice Exercises #1 to #5 are a series of related exercises that coach a
first-time programmer through the development of Sample Program #1 -
Drill Program. Do these exercises in order.
Each practice exercise coaches the operator through a different step of
the process. Practice Exercise #1 creates the new program. Practice
Exercise #2 opens the program for editing. The program blocks are
written in Practice Exercise #3. The tooling is entered in the Tool Page in
Practice Exercise #4 and the program is checked in Practice Exercise #5.
EX1
Figure 6-1, Layout for Sample Program #1
Sample Program #1 - Drill Program

1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 * .375 DRILL
4 PeckDrillZDepth -0.6500 StartHgt 0.1000 Peck 0.1500 Feed 12.8 Tool# 1
5 Rapid X 1.0000 Y -.8000
6 X 2.0000
7 Dim Incr
8 Y -1.2000
9 Y -1.2000
10 Dim Abs
11 X 5.0000 Y -2.6000
12 DrillOff
14 X 0.0000 Y 0.0000
15 EndMain
16 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Practice Exercise #1 - Creating a Program Named SP1.M

Refer to Figure 6-1, Layout for Sample Program #1. This exercise
outlines the steps required to create a new program named “SP1.M”
(Sample Program 1). Before starting, make sure no program named
“SP1.M” already exists. Start this exercise from the Manual screen.
Create a new program named “SP1.M”.

1 Activate Program PROGRAM 6 Highlight required
Directory. (F2) character. Select
P
2 Create new program. Create (F2) 7 Add character to name.
3 Activate ASCII Chart. ASCII (F2) 8 Enter 1. 1

RAPID
4 Highlight required 9 Close ASCII Chart. ASCII (F2)

character. Select
S
5 Add character to name. 10 Add new program to
Program Directory
USER list.

31-August-01
Practice Exercise #2 - Activating Edit to Program SP1.M

This exercise describes the steps required to start the Editor to write
program blocks in program “SP1.M.” Start this exercise from the
Program screen.
Activate the Program Editor to write blocks in program SP1.M.
1 Highlight “SP1.M”. 2 Activate the Program Edit
Select Editor. (F4)
SP1.M
Practice Exercise #3 - Writing the Blocks in SP1.M
This exercise describes the steps required to write the blocks in Sample
Program #1 - Drill Program. Start this exercise from the Edit screen.
Activate the Absolute Mode.
Block - 1 Dim Abs
1 Activate ABS/INC 2 Add block to Program
Graphic Menu. Listing.
Write a comment to describe Tool #1.

Block - 2 * .375 DRILL
1 Activate Misc soft keys. (F9) 12 Highlight required
Misc character. Select
R
2 Activate comment tool. (F2) 13 Add character to
Comment comment.
3 Enter decimal point. 14 Highlight required
character. Select
I
4 Enter 3. 15 Add character to
comment.
5 Enter 7. 16 Highlight required
character. Select
L
6 Enter 5. 5 17 Add character to
TOOL
comment.
7 Enter space. 18 Add character to
comment.
8 Enter space. 19 Close ASCII Chart. (F2)
ASCII
9 Activate ASCII Chart. (F2) 20 Add block to program.
ASCII
10 Highlight required 21 Restore default soft (F9)
character. Select key. Prev
D.
11 Add character to
comment.

31-August-01
Write block for Peckdrill Cycle to drill to a ZDepth of .65 inch using .015 in pecks with Tool
#1.
The same block activates the CNC in a Drill Mode.
Block - 3 PeckDrill ZDepth -0.6500 StartHgt 0.1000 Peck 0.1500 Feed 12.8 Tool# 1
1 Activate Drill pop-up Drill 12 Enter decimal point.
menu. (F3)
2 Highlight required 13 Enter 1. 1
selection. Select RAPID
Pecking
3 Activate Pecking cycle 14 Enter 5. 5
Graphic Menu. TOOL
4 Change sign. +
- 15 Advance to Feed.
Switch
Negative
5 Enter decimal point. 16 Enter 1. 1
RAPID
6 Enter 6. 6 17 Enter 2. 2
LINE
7 Enter 5 5 18 Enter decimal point.

TOOL
8 Advance to StartHgt. 19 Enter 8. 8

9 Enter decimal point. 20 Advance to Tool#.
10 Enter 1. 1 21 Enter 1. 1
RAPID RAPID
11 Advance to required 22 Add block to Program Save

field. Select Listing. (F10)
Peck
Write rapid move to position of first hole.

Block - 4 Rapid............................................................................................X 1.0000 Y -.800
1 Activate Rapid Graphic 1 5 Enter decimal point.
RAPID
Menu.
2 Enter 1. 1 6 Enter 8. 8
RAPID
3 Advance to Y. 7 Add block to Program Save

Listing. (F10)
4 Change sign. +
-
Switch
Negative

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Write modal move.

Block - 5 X 2.0000
1 Activate Modal Move X 3 Add block to Program Save
Graphic Menu. Listing. (F10)
2 Enter 2. 2
LINE
Activate the Incremental Mode.

Block - 6 Dim Incr
1 Activate ABS/INC ABS 3 Add block to Program Save
INC
2 Switch setting. +
-
Switch for
Incr
Write modal move.

Block - 7 Y-1.2000
1 Activate Modal Move Y 4 Enter decimal point.
Graphic Menu.
2 Change sign. +
- 5 Enter 2. 2
LINE
Switch
Negative
3 Enter 1. 1 6 Add block to Program Save
RAPID
Listing. (F10)
Write modal move.

Block - 8 Y-1.2000
1 Activate Modal Move Y 4 Enter decimal point.
Graphic Menu.
2 Change sign. +
- 5 Enter 2. 2
LINE
Switch
Negative
3 Enter 1. 1 6 Add block to Program Save
RAPID
Listing. (F10)
Activate the Absolute Mode.

Block - 9 Dim Abs
1 Activate ABS/INC ABS 2 Add block to Program Save
INC

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Write modal move.

Block - 10 X 5.0000 Y -2.6000
1 Activate Modal Move X 5 Enter 2. 2
Graphic Menu. LINE
2 Enter 5. 5 6 Enter decimal point.

TOOL
3 Advance to Y. 7 Enter 6. 6
4 Change sign. +
- 8 Add block to Program Save
Listing. (F10)
Switch
Negative
Deactivate the Drill Mode.

Block - 11 DrillOff
1 Activate Drill pop-up Drill 3 Add block to Program
menu. (F3) Listing.
2 Highlight required
selection. Select
Drilling Off
Fully retract the quill.

Block - 12 Rapid Z 0.0000 Tool# 0
1 Activate Rapid Graphic 1 4 Advance to required
Menu.
RAPID
field. Select
Tool#.
2 Advance to required 5 Enter 0.
field. Select
Z
3 Enter 0. 6 Add block to Program Save
Listing. (F10)
Make Modal move to part change position.

Block - 13 X 0.0000 Y 0.0000
1 Activate Modal Move X 4 Enter 0.
Graphic Menu.
2 Enter 0. 5 Add block to Program Save
Listing. (F10)
3 Advance to Y.

31-August-01
Add EndMain block.

Block - 14 EndMain
1 Start the subprogram Sub 3 Restore the default soft Prev
soft keys. (F8) key line. (F9)
2 Add EndMain block to EndMain 4 Exit the Program Editor Exit
the program. (F4) saving the program. (F10)
Practice Exercise #4 - Entering SP1.M Tooling on the Tool Page
Tool length offsets are not needed to run programs in Draw. If this
program were used to cut a part, the operator would need to set the
Machine Zero (Absolute Zero) and a tool length offset for Tool# 1.
Sample Program #1 is written for a 3/8” diameter twist drill. Start this
exercise from the Program screen.
Enter 0.375 inch diameter on Tool Page for tool #1.

1 Highlight “SP1.M”. 6 Enter 7. 7
Select UNIT
SP1.M
2 Start the Program Edit 7 Enter 5. 5
Editor. (F4)
TOOL
3 Start the Tool Page. Tool 8 Exit the Tool Page. Exit
(F6) (F10)
4 Enter decimal point. 9 Exit the Editor. Exit
(F10)
5 Enter 3. 3
Practice Exercise #5 - Running SP1.M in Draw

This exercise uses Draw to view the moves contained in SP1.M program.
This exercise will adjust four of the display parameters before the
program runs. Adjust these parameters to ensure that the CNC will
operate as specified in the exercises. The adjustments also provide a
good view of the programmed moves. Some of the settings might
already be set and will not need adjustment.
A program to cut a large part must be scaled to fit in the Draw Window.
Tool display and Rapid move display can be on or off. This exercise
turns them on. This moves in this exercise will display both an XY plane
view and an isometric view of the moves.
Start this exercise from the Program screen.

31-August-01
Start Draw. Turn Tool on, turn Rapid on, set the Mode to Auto and turn off Run. Set the view
to Isometric, fit the program to the Window and run it. Change the view to the XY plane and
run it again.
1 Highlight “SP1.M”. 15 Close Parms pop-up Parms
Select menu. (F9)
SP1.M
2 Activate the Program Edit 16 Activate VIEW pop-up VIEW
Editor. (F4) menu. (F4)
3 Activate Draw. Draw 17 Highlight required
(F2) selection. Select
Iso
4 Activate Parms pop-up Parms 18 Activate Iso view.
menu. (F9)
5 Highlight required 19 Activate DISPLAY. DISPLAY
selection. Select (F5)
Tool
6 Switch parameter (if 20 Activate selection and
required). pause for the
Switch On “Program ended
normally” message.
7 Highlight required 21 Run the program and Run
selection. Select verify the programmed (F3)
Rapid moves.
8 Switch parameter (if 22 Activate VIEW pop-up VIEW
required). menu. (F4)
Switch On
9 Highlight required 23 Highlight required
selection. Select selection. Select
Mode XY
10 Activate Mode pop-up 24 Activate XY view.
menu.
11 Highlight required 25 Run the program and Run
selection. Select verify its moves. (F3)
Auto
12 Activate Auto (if 26 Close Draw. Exit
required). (F10)
13 Highlight required 27 Close the Editor. Exit
selection. Select (F10)
Run
14 Switch parameter (if 28 Close the Program Exit
required). Directory. (F10)
Switch Off

31-August-01
Starting Practice Exercises #6 to #8

Practice Exercises #6 to #8 are a series of related exercises that coach a
first-time programmer through the development of Sample Program #4 -
Irregular Pocket Program. Do these exercises in order.
Each exercise coaches the operator through a different step of the
process. Practice Exercise #6 creates the new program. In Practice
Exercise #7, the Geometry Calculator finds the coordinates of the start
and end points required in the subprogram. In Practice Exercise #8, the
positions saved in the Geometry Calculator are recalled directly into the
program being written.
Sample Program #4 - Irregular Pocket Program

1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 Pocket Sub 99 StartHgt 0.1000 ZDepth -0.2500 Angle 89.9000
XStart 0.0000 YStart 0.0000 Stepover 0.1600 DepthCut 0.1250 FinStock
0.0100 RoughFeed 12.5 FinFeed 9.5 Tool# 1
5 X -2.0000 Y 2.0000
6 EndMain
7 Sub 99
8 Rapid X -1.2500 Y 0.0000
9 Arc Cw X 0.1250 Y 1.2437 Radius 1.2500
10 Line X 5.0750 Y 0.7462
11 Arc Cw X 5.0750 Y -0.7462 Radius 0.7500
12 Line X 0.1250 Y -1.2437
13 Arc Cw X -1.2500 Y 0.0000 Radius 1.2500
14 EndSub
15 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Practice Exercise #6 - Creating a New Program SP4.M

Ensure no program named “SP4.M” (Sample Program 4) already exists.
Start this exercise from the Manual screen.
Create a new program named “SP4.M”.
1 Start Program PROGRAM 7 Add character to name.
Directory. (F2)
2 Create new program. Create (F2) 8 Enter 4. 4
FEED
3 Activate ASCII Chart. ASCII (F2) 9 Close ASCII Chart. ASCII (F2)
4 Highlight required 10 Add new program to
character. Select list USER program list.
S
5 Add character to name. 11 Close the Program Exit
Directory. (F10)
6 Highlight required
character. Select
P
Practice Exercise #7 - Finding SP4.M Positions with Geometry Calculator
Refer to Figure 6-3, Geometry Calculator Layout for Exercise #7. This
exercise clears the all values stored in the Geometry Calculator and
calculates the five positions required to program Sample Program #4.
Once calculated, the position coordinates are stored in the CNC for recall
into the program.
Do this exercise before Exercise #8. Programs visible in the Editor are
not affected by running the calculator. Start this exercise from the
Manual screen.

31-August-01
R 1.25
(X0, Y0) R.75
(X5, Y0)
(X-1.25, Y0)
Pocket Shape
5
6 3
2 X
1
7 4
8
Geometry To Solve For Tangent Positions
Figure 6-3, Geometry Calculator Layout for Exercise #7

Activate the Geometry Calculator.
1 Start Program PROGRAM 4 Activate the Calculator. Calc
Directory. (F2) (F7)
2 Highlight required 5 Select required
program. Select calculator. Select
SP4.M
3 Start Program Editor. Edit 6 Activate Geometry

(F4) Calculator.
Clear any existing objects from the Geometry Calculator.

1 Activate Geometry GEOMETR 3 Activate deletion.
Pop-Up. (F7)
2 Highlight required 4 Respond to safety Yes
selection. Select prompt. (F1)
Delete All

31-August-01
Create 1.25 inch circle centered on X 0, Y 0.

1 Highlight tool to create 8 Activate highlighted
a circle on a center. Select tool. CNC prompts for
X coordinate of center.
2 Activate selected tool. 9 Enter 0. 0

CNC prompts for
radius.
3 Enter 1. 1 10 Enter value. CNC
RAPID
prompts for Y
coordinate of center.

LINE
draws circle.
6 Enter 5. 5 13 Activate DISPLAY pop- DISPLAY
TOOL
up menu. (F5)
7 Enter value. CNC 14 Activate Fit.
prompts for center
definition tool.
Create 0.75 inch circle centered on X 5, Y 0.

1 Highlight tool to create 8 Enter 5. 5
a circle on a center. Select TOOL
2 Activate selected tool. 9 Enter value. CNC

CNC prompts for prompts for Y
radius. coordinate of center.

UNIT
draws circle.
TOOL
up menu. (F5)
6 Enter value. CNC 13 Activate selection to fit
prompts for center drawing.
definition.
7 Activate highlighted
tool. CNC prompts for
X coordinate of center.

31-August-01
Create line tangent to top of both circles.

a line tangent to two Select RAPID
circles.

CNC prompts for first clears all but the
circle number. selected line.
RAPID
up menu. (F5)
4 Enter value. CNC 10 Highlight required
prompts for second selection. Select
circle number. Redraw”
5 Enter 2. 2 11 Activate selection to
LINE
refresh drawing.
6 Enter value. CNC
draws all possible
tangent lines and
prompts for a selection.
Create line tangent to bottom of both circles.

a line tangent to two Select FEED
circles.

CNC prompts for first clears all but the
circle number. selected line.
RAPID up menu. (F5)
4 Enter value. CNC 10 Highlight required
prompts for second selection. Select
circle number. Redraw
5 Enter 2. 2 11 Activate Redraw to
LINE
refresh drawing.
6 Enter value. CNC
draws all possible
tangent lines and
prompts for a selection.

31-August-01
Create point at intersection of circle #1 and tangent line #3.

1 Highlight tool to create 4 Enter value. CNC
a point where two Select prompts for second
elements intersect. element number.

CNC prompts for first
element number.
RAPID
adds a numbered point
at the intersection.


element number.
LINE

2 Activate selected tool. 5 Enter 4.

element number.
LINE adds a numbered point

31-August-01

2 Activate selected tool. 5 Enter 4.

element number.
RAPID
Verify the coordinates of points #5, #6, #7, #8, and close calculator.
1 Activate Geometry GEOMETR 3 Close the Geometry Cancel
pop-up menu. (F7) List. (F9)
2 Activate the Geometry 4 Close Geometry Exit
List and verify the Calculator. (F10)
listed position
coordinates make
sense. Positions on
Geometry List are
automatically stored in
Geometry Calculator’s
memory.
Practice Exercise #8 - Programming SP4.M using Calculator Positions
This exercise programs the irregular pocket shown in Sample Program
#4. Do this exercise after you have completed Exercises # 5 and #6.
The tangential positions found with the Geometry Calculator in Exercise
#6 will be recalled to the program in this exercise.
The program in this exercise uses an Irregular Pocket cycle. Plan the
moves in the subprogram to make programming an irregular pocket
easier.
The main program must always come before any subprograms. In this
exercise, the subprogram is written and tested first. After testing, the
main program is added in front of it.
This program is written in three steps:
Step 1 Write the subprogram.
Step 2 Test the subprogram with Draw.
Step 3 Write the main part of the program in front of the subprogram.

31-August-01
Step 1 - Define Irregular Outline by Writing a Subprogram

Refer to Figure 6-3, Geometry Calculator Layout for Exercise #7. The
easy way to program the pocket outline is to recall the positions from
Points #5, #6, #7 and #8 directly to the program. Start this step from the
Program screen.
Activate the Program Editor and program a subprogram call.

Sub 99
program. Select PLANE
SP4.M
2 Activate Program Edit 6 Enter 9. 9
Editor. (F4)
PLANE
3 Activate the Sub 7 Add block to program. Save

subprogram soft keys. (F8) (F10)
4 Activate Subprogram Sub 8 Restore default soft Prev
Graphic Menu. (F1) keys. (F9)
Program a Rapid move to starting point.

X -1.2500 Y 0.0000
1 Activate Rapid Graphic 1 6 Enter 5. 5
Menu. RAPID TOOL
2 Change sign. +
- 7 Advance to Y.
Switch
Negative
3 Enter 1. 1 8 Enter 0.
RAPID
4 Enter decimal. 9 Add block to program. Save

(F10)
5 Enter 2. 2
LINE

31-August-01
Program an Arc to the first tangential point (#5).

Arc Cw X 0.1250 Y 1.2437 Radius 1.2500
1 Activate Mill soft keys. Mill 9 Activate for Both X
(F5) and Y.
2 Activate Arc Graphic Arc 10 Highlight required field.
Menu. (F4) Select
Radius
3 Advance to X. 11 Enter 1. 1
RAPID
4 Activate Recall pop-up Recall 12 Enter decimal.

menu. (F2)
5 Select Geometry 13 Enter 2. 2
Calculator. Select LINE
6 Activate Geometry 14 Enter 5. 5

Calculator recall. TOOL
7 Highlight required 15 Add block to program. Save

point. Select (F10)
5. X 0.125
Y 1.2437
8 Activate pop-up menu
to select term.
Program Line move to second tangential point (#6).

Line X 5.0750 Y 0.7462
1 Activate Line Graphic 2 5 Highlight required
Menu. LINE
point. Select
6. X 5.0750
Y 0.7462
2 Activate Recall pop-up Recall 6 Activate pop-up menu
menu. (F2) to select term.
3 Select Geometry 7 Activate for Both X
Calculator. Select and Y.
4 Activate Geometry 8 Add block to program. Save

Calculator recall. (F10)

31-August-01
Program an Arc to third tangential point (#7).

Arc Cw X 5.0750 Y -0.7462 Radius 0.7500
1 Activate Arc Graphic Arc 8 Activate for Both X
Menu. (F4) and Y.
2 Advance to X. 9 Highlight required field.
Select
Radius
3 Activate Recall pop-up Recall 10 Enter decimal point.
menu. (F2)
4 Select Geometry 11 Enter 7. 7
Calculator. Select UNIT
5 Activate Geometry 12 Enter 5. 5

Calculator recall. TOOL
6 Highlight required 13 Add block to program. Save

point. Select (F10)
7. X 5.0750
Y - 0.7462
7 Activate pop-up menu
to select term.
Program Line move to fourth tangential point (#8).

Line X 0.1250 Y -1.2437
1 Activate Line Graphic 2 5 Highlight required
Menu. LINE
point. Select
8. X 0.1250
Y -1.2437
2 Activate Recall pop-up Recall 6 Activate Both X and Y.
menu. (F2)
3 Select Geometry 7 Add block to program. Save
Calculator. Select (F10)
4 Activate Geometry
Calculator recall.

31-August-01
Program an Arc to the Starting point (closing the shape of the pocket).
Arc Cw X -1.2500 Y 0.0000 Radius 1.2500
1 Activate the Arc (F4) 8 Highlight required field.
Graphic Menu. Arc Select
Radius
2 Advance to X. 9 Enter 1. 1
RAPID
3 Change sign. +
- 10 Enter decimal point.
4 Enter 1. 1 11 Enter 2. 2
RAPID LINE

TOOL
6 Enter 2. 2 13 Add block to program. Save

(F10)
LINE
7 Enter 5. 5
TOOL
Program a block to tell the CNC where the subprogram ends.

EndSub
1 Restore the default soft Prev 4 Restore the default soft Prev
keys. (F9) keys. (F9)
2 Activate the Sub 5 Close the Editor to Exit
subprogram soft keys. (F8) save the program. (F10)
3 Add the Endsub block EndSub
to the program. (F2)

31-August-01
Step 2 - Check Subprogram Using Draw

Once the subprogram is written and saved, check it carefully. A program
cannot run by itself. To check it, temporarily enter a short main program
that only calls the subprogram. Once the subprogram is checked, delete
the temporary blocks and write the rest of the main program.
The last block of a main program must be an EndMain block. For the
test, the main program will consist of a subprogram Call and an EndMain
block. Start this step from the Program screen.
NOTE: The Draw parameter settings made in Practice Exercise #5 are

required to ensure the CNC screens follow the procedure in this
step. Complete Practice Exercise #5 up to keystroke 15 (turn
Tool on, turn Rapid on, set the mode to Auto and turn off Run), if
these settings were changed.
Activate the Editor and write a subprogram call block.

Call 99
program. Select PLANE
SP4.M
2 Activate Program Edit 6 Enter 9. 9
Editor. (F4) PLANE
3 Activate the Sub 7 Add the block to the Save

subprogram soft keys. (F8) program. (F10)
4 Activate the Call Call
Graphic Menu. (F3)
Add EndMain block to signal the end of the main program. This block must be the last block
in the main program (just in front of the first block in the subprogram).
EndMain
1 Add EndMain block to EndMain 2 Restore the default soft Prev
the program. (F4) key line. (F9)

31-August-01
Start Draw, set the view and run the program.

1 Start Draw. Draw 6 Activate Selection and
(F2) pause for the “Program
ended normally”
message.
2 Activate VIEW pop-up. VIEW 7 Run the program to Run
(F4) verify the pocket (F3)
shape.
3 Activate highlighted 8 Exit to the Program Exit
selection. Editor. (F10)
4 Activate DISPLAY pop- DISPLAY 9 Close the Editor to Exit
up. (F5) save the program. (F10)
Step 3 - Writing the Main Program

In an Irregular Pocket Cycle, if no starting angle is specified, the first cut
will be in the same direction as the first straight Line (feed) move in the
subprogram. If no starting position is specified, the first cut will start at
the starting point of the first feed move in the subprogram.
In this exercise, the starting position is acceptable but the direction is not.
Use an angle value to choose a direction that will let the CNC mill out the
entire pocket. A starting angle of 90° (from the 3 o’clock position) might
seem convenient, but a 90° line from the starting point (on the arc) is
tangent to the arc. A tangential line does not point to a position inside the
pocket. An 89.9-degree angle points to a position 0.1 degrees inside the
arc.
The EndMain block added in the previous step will be re-used. The
graphic menu for the irregular pocket has its own Sub# field. Therefore,
the Call 99 block can be deleted. Start this step from the Program
screen.
Delete the Call 99 block.
1 Select the required 3 Clear the selected
C
L
E
A
program. Select block. R
SP4.M
2 Activate the Program Edit
Editor. (F4)
Use the first block in the main program to activate the Absolute Mode.
Dim Abs
1 Activate ABS/INC 2 Add block to the
Graphic menu. program.

31-August-01
Program irregular pocket block.

Pocket Sub 99 StartHgt 0.1000 ZDepth -0.2500 Angle 89.9000
XStart 0.0000 YStart 0.0000 Stepover 0.1600 DepthCut 0.1250
FinStock 0.0100 RoughFeed 12.5 FinFeed 9.5 Tool# 1
1 Activate Pocket Pop-up Pocket 19 Highlight required field.
menu. (F4) Select
Stepover
2 Highlight required 20 Enter decimal point.
selection. Select
Irregular
3 Activate Irregular 21 Enter 1. 1
Graphic Menu. RAPID
4 Enter 9. 9 22 Enter 6.
PLANE
5 Enter 9. 9 23 Advance to DepthCut.

PLANE
6 Highlight required field. 24 Enter decimal point.

Select
StartHgt
RAPID
8 Enter 1. 1 26 Enter 2. 2
RAPID LINE
9 Advance to ZDepth. 27 Enter 5. 5

TOOL
10 Change sign. +
- 28 Advance to FinStock.
Switch
Negative
11 Enter decimal point. 29 Enter decimal point.
12 Enter 2. 2 30 Enter 0. 0
LINE
13 Enter 5. 5 31 Enter 1. 1
TOOL RAPID
14 Advance to Angle. 32 Advance to required

field. Select
RoughFeed
15 Enter 8. 8 33 Enter 1. 1
RAPID
16 Enter 9. 9 34 Enter 2. 2
PLANE LINE
17 Enter decimal point. 35 Enter decimal point.
18 Enter 9. 9 36 Enter 5. 5
PLANE TOOL

31-August-01
Program irregular pocket block (continued).

37 Advance to FinFeed. 41 Advance to Tool#.
38 Enter 9. 9 42 Enter 1. 1
PLANE RAPID
39 Enter decimal point. 43 Add block to Program Save

Listing. (F10)
40 Enter 5. 5
TOOL
Fully retract the quill.

Rapid Z 0.0000 Tool# 0
1 Activate Rapid Graphic 1 5 Enter 0. 0
Menu. RAPID
2 Advance to Z. 6 Add block to Program Save

Select Listing. (F10)
Z
3 Enter 0. 0 7 Exit the Editor saving Exit
the program. (F10)
4 Advance to Tool#.
Select
Tool#
Step 4 - Viewing the Finished Program with Draw

This program is written for a 3/8” endmill. In this step the tool diameter is
entered on the Tool Page. To check the program, run it in Draw. Start
this step from the Program screen.
View the finished program in Draw.
1 Select the required 8 Exit the Tool Page. Exit
program. Select (F10)
SP4.M
2 Activate the Editor. Edit 9 Activate Draw. Draw
(F4) (F2)
3 Activate the Tool Page. Tool 10 Run the program to Run
(F6) verify the milling of the (F3)
pocket.
4 Enter decimal point. 11 Close Draw. Exit
(F10)
5 Enter 3. 3 12 Close the Editor. Exit
(F10)
6 Enter 7. 7 13 Exit to the Manual Exit
UNIT
screen. (F10)
7 Enter 5. 5
TOOL

31-August-01
Practice Exercises
This section contains sample programs and practice exercises.
If you are a first-time programmer, we encourage you to do the exercises
to learn about the CNC. Even if you are an experienced operator, you
may find it useful to look at one of the sample programs.
Practice Exercises #1 to #5 list all keystrokes required to create, program
and check Sample Program #1 - Drill Program.
Practice Exercises #6 to #8 list all the keystrokes required to create (with
the Geometry Calculator), program and check Sample Program #4 -
Irregular Pocket Program.
NOTE: During software installation, the CNC prompts the operator to

install sample programs. The sample programs installed include
the programs from this section that are not demonstrated in the
Practice Exercises. The names for 3-axis sample programs
begin with “3AX-”.
Sample Program #1 - Drill Program
EX1
Refer to Figure 6-4. This program drills five holes in a surface using a
3/8” diameter twist drill (Tool #1). The holes are drilled with a Pecking
Drill Cycle. Go to the Tool Page and enter 0.375” diameter for Tool #1
before you run the program in Draw.
Detailed instructions for how to program and view this program are
outlined in Practice Exercises #1 to #5.

31-August-01
Sample Program #1
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 * .375 DRILL
4 PeckDrill ZDepth -0.6500 StartHgt 0.1000 Peck 0.1500 Feed 12.8
Tool# 1
5 Rapid X 1.0000 Y -.8000
6 X 2.0000
7 Dim Incr
8 Y -1.2000
9 Y -1.2000
10 Dim Abs
11 X 5.0000 Y -2.6000
12 DrillOff
14 X 0.0000 Y 0.0000
15 EndMain
16 <End Of Program>
Sample Program #2 - Rectangular Pocket Program
ABS (X0, Y0)
1.0
1.0 0.375 Deep

2.0
.5 R
4.0
Refer to Figure 6-5. This program uses a 1/2” diameter endmill (Tool #1)
to mill out a rectangular pocket.
Go to the Tool Page and enter 0.50” diameter for Tool #1 before you run
the program in Draw.

31-August-01
Sample Program #2
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 RectPock XCenter 3.0000 YCenter -2.0000 StartHgt 0.1000
Length 4.0000 Width 2.0000 ZDepth -0.3750 Ccw
CornerRad 0.5000 Stepover 0.3000 DepthCut 0.1875
5 X -3.0000 Y 3.0000
6 EndMain
7 <End Of Program>
6.0
ABS
(X0,Y0) 2.5
.5 R
(2) 1.5
1.5
1.0 R 2.5
.75 1.0
EX6
Refer to Figure 6-6. This program uses a 1/2“ diameter endmill (Tool #1)
to mill out the irregular pocket shown. Go to the Tool Page and enter
0.50“ diameter for Tool #1 before you run the program in Draw.

31-August-01
The pocket outline is defined by Subprogram #1. The first cut starts at
the same position as the first Line (feed) move in the subprogram, and
moves in a direction parallel to the first straight Line (feed) move in the
subprogram.
Sample Program #3
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 Pocket Sub# 1 StartHgt 0.1000 ZDepth -0.1250 XStart 1.0000
YStart -1.0000 Stepover 0.1500 FinStock 0.0100 RoughFeed
12.5 FinFeed 9.5 Tool# 1
5 X -2.0000 Y 2.0000
6 EndMain
7 Sub 1
8 Rapid X 0.0000 Y 0.0000
9 Line X 2.5000 CornerRad 0.5000
10 Y -1.5000
11 X 6.0000
12 Dim Incr
13 Line Y -2.5000 CornerRad 1.0000
14 Dim Abs
15 Line X 0.7500 CornerRad 0.5000
16 Y -2.5000
17 X 0.0000 Y -1.5000
18 Y 0.0000
19 EndSub
20 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Refer to Figure 6-7. This program uses a 3/8“ diameter endmill (Tool #1)
to mill out an irregular pocket. Go to the Tool Page and enter 0.375”
diameter for Tool #1 before you run the program in Draw.
The shape of the pocket is defined by the moves in Subprogram #99.
The starting position of the first cut is the (compensated) intersection of
the first and last feed moves (Arcs) in the subprogram. The direction of
the first cut is forced to 89.9 degrees (0.01° inside the Arc) by the Angle
value.
The keystrokes used to program and view Sample Program #4 are
shown in Practice Exercises #6 to #8.

31-August-01
Sample Program #4
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 Pocket Sub 99 StartHgt 0.1000 ZDepth -0.2500 Angle 89.9000
XStart 0.0000 YStart 0.0000 Stepover 0.1600 DepthCut 0.1250
5 X -2.0000 Y 2.0000
6 EndMain
7 Sub 99
8 Rapid X -1.2500 Y 0.0000
9 Arc Cw X 0.1250 Y 1.2437 Radius 1.2500
10 Line X 5.0750 Y 0.7462
11 Arc Cw X 5.0750 Y -0.7462 Radius 0.7500
12 Line X 0.1250 Y -1.2437
13 Arc Cw X -1.2500 Y 0.0000 Radius 1.2500
13 EndSub
14 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Sample Program #5 - Program with Looping Subprogram
ABS (X0,Y0)
.50"
1.0" Typical
2.0"
Typical.
.75"
0.5"
R 0.2"
1.0"
R 0.4" 0.5"
1.0"
Detail
EX5

31-August-01
Refer to Figure 6-7, Layout for Sample Program #4. This program loops
Subprogram #1 to cut three L-shaped pockets. The pockets are cut with
a 1/8” diameter endmill (Tool#1). Each loop starts at a position within the
pocket.
All of the XY axis moves in the subprogram are written for incremental
positioning. This enables the CNC cut the pocket anywhere on the work.
Sample Program #5
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 Rapid X 0.7500 Y -0.7500 Tool# 1
4 Loop Sub 1 Loops 3 XIncr 2.0000 YIncr -1.0000
6 X -2.0000 Y 2.0000
7 EndMain
8 Sub 1
9 Dim Abs
10 Rapid Z 0.1000
11 Line Z -0.0620 Feed 1.5
12 Dim Incr
13 Line Y 0.2500 ToolComp Left Feed 2.1
14 Line X -0.2500
15 Line Y -1.0000 CornerRad 0.4000
16 Line X 1.0000
17 Line Y 0.5000
18 Line X -0.5000 CornerRad 0.2000
19 Line Y 0.5000
20 Line X -0.2500
21 Line Y -0.2500 ToolComp Off
22 Dim Abs
23 Rapid Z 0.1000
24 EndSub
25 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Sample Program #6 - Program with Rotating Subprogram
ABS
(X0, Y0)
DETAIL
12 POS.
Refer to Figure 6-9. This program rotates subprogram #1 to cut twelve

slots. The slots are cut using a 1/8“ endmill (Tool #1).
Sample Program #6
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 RMS Sub# 1 #Loops 12 StartAngle 0.0000 Angle 30.0000 XCenter 3.0000
YCenter -2.0000 Tool# 1
5 X -2.0000 Y 2.0000
6 EndMain
7 Sub 1
8 Dim Abs
9 Rapid X 3.7500 Y -2.0000
10 Z 0.1000
11 Line Z -0.1250 Feed 1.2
12 Dim Incr
13 Line Y 0.1000 ToolComp Left Feed 2.2
14 Arc Ccw X 0.0000 Y -0.2000 Radius 0.1000
15 Line X 1.0000
16 Arc Ccw X 0.0000 Y 0.2000 Radius 0.1000
17 Line X -1.0000
18 Line Y -0.1000 ToolComp Off
19 Dim Abs
20 Rapid Z 0.1000
21 EndSub
22 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Sample Program #7 - X Axis Mold Rotation Program
+Z
(Y1)
-Y
(X2)
+X
Figure 6-10, Layout for Sample Program #7 - Mold Rotation
+Y 2.25"
.75"
R.75"
.75"
R .1875"
R1.125" 1.5"
.375" R.2188"
.375" .4375 +X
XY Plane View
Figure 6-11, Subprogram Layout for Sample Program #7

31-August-01
Refer to Figure 6-10, Layout for Sample Program #7 - Mold Rotation and
Figure 6-11, Subprogram Layout for Sample Program #7. This program
uses a ball endmill to cut a bottle mold. Subprograms #1 and #2 define
the forward and reverse paths of the tool in the XY plane. The mold
rotation is cut by alternately executing Subprograms #1 and #2 while
rotating around the X-axis.
This example does not use diameter compensation. In this example, the
size of Tool #1 will determine size of the finished mold. Go to the Tool
Page and enter an appropriate diameter for Tool #1 before you run the
program in Draw.
Sample Program #7
1. Dim Abs
1 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
1. Rapid X 2.0000 Y 1.0000 Tool# 1
2. Z 0.5000
3. Line Z 0.0000 Feed 10.0
4. MoldRotStartAngle 0.0000 EndAngle -180.0000 Cycles 12 FwdSub 1
RevSub 2 AxisRot X BAxisCL 1.0000
5. Rapid Z 0.0000 Tool# 0
6. EndMain
7. Sub 1
8. Dim Incr
9. Line Y 0.3750
10. Arc Cw X 0.3750 Y 0.0000 Radius 0.1875
11. Arc Ccw X 0.4375 Y 0.0000 Radius 0.2188
12. Line X 0.7500 Y 0.7500
13. Arc Cw X 0.7500 Y 0.3750 Radius 1.1250
14. Line X 2.2500 CornerRad 0.7500
15. Line Y -1.5000
16. EndSub
17. Sub 2
18. Line Y 1.5000 CornerRad 0.7500
19. Line X -2.2500
20. Arc Ccw X -0.7500 Y -0.3750 Radius 1.1250
21. Line X -0.7500 Y -0.7500
22. Arc Cw X -0.4375 Y 0.0000 Radius 0.2188
23. Arc Ccw X -0.3750 Y 0.0000 Radius 0.1875
24. Line Y -0.3750
25. EndSub
26. <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Sample Program #8 - Y Axis Mold Rotation Program
Y1.5
X1.625
Figure 6-12, Layout for Sample Program #8 - Mold Rotation
R9" +X
.25" .27"
.5" R.25" R.25"
+Y R3" 5.585" .25"
Note Axis Orientation R12"

31-August-01
Refer to Figure 6-12, Layout for Sample Program #8 - Mold Rotation and
uses a ball endmill to cut a bottle mold. Subprogram #15 defines the
forward path of the tool. Subprogram #16 defines the reverse path. The
mold rotation is cut by alternately executing Subprograms #15 and #16
while rotating around the Y-axis.
A mold rotation would normally be cut with a ball endmill. This example
does not use diameter compensation. In this example, the size of Tool
#1 will determine the size of the finished mold. Go to the Tool Page and
enter an appropriate diameter for Tool #1 before you run the program in
Draw.
Sample Program #8
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 Rapid X 1.6250 Y 1.5000 Tool# 1
4 Z 0.5000
5 Line Z 0.0000 Feed 10.0
6 MoldRot StartAngle 0.0000 EndAngle 180.0000 Cycles 10
FwdSub 15 RevSub 16 AxisRot Y BAxisCL 1.6250
8 EndMain
9 Sub 15
10 Dim Incr
11 Line X -0.2500
12 Arc Cw X -0.2500 Y 0.2700 Radius 0.2500
13 Arc Cw X 0.1250 Y 3.0000 Radius 12.0000
14 Arc Ccw X -0.1250 Y 2.0000 Radius 9.0000
15 Arc Cw X 0.2500 Y 0.2500 Radius 0.2500
16 Arc Cw X 0.2500 Y 0.0625 Radius 3.0000
17 EndSub
18 Sub 16
19 Arc Ccw X -0.2500 Y -0.0625 Radius 3.0000
20 Arc Ccw X -0.2500 Y -0.2500 Radius 0.2500
21 Arc Cw X 0.1250 Y -2.0000 Radius 9.0000
22 Arc Ccw X -0.1250 Y -3.0000 Radius 12.0000
23 Arc Ccw X 0.2500 Y -0.2700 Radius 0.2500
24 Line X 0.2500
25 EndSub
26 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Sample Program #9 - Z Axis Mold Rotation Program
+Z
-X
+Y
Y +X
-Z
Figure 6-14, Layout for Sample Program #9, Mold Rotation
R 5"
+Z
.25"
+X .125" .25"
2" .5"
.125"
XZ Plane View

31-August-01
Refer to Figure 6-14, Layout for Sample Program #9, Mold Rotation and
uses a ball endmill to cut a dish. Subprogram #1 defines the forward
path of the tool. Subprogram #2 defines the reverse path. The mold
rotation is cut by alternately executing Subprograms #1 and #2 while
rotating around the Z-axis. In order to rotate around the Z-axis, the
subprograms are programmed in the XZ plane.
This example uses tool diameter compensation. Each subprogram
includes an additional ramp move to activate the diameter compensation.
Note that moves in Subprogram #1 are compensated right and moves in
Subprogram #2 are compensated left. This is because the moves in the
subprograms are executed in opposite directions.
Go to the Tool Page and enter an appropriate diameter for Tool #1 before
you run the program in Draw.
Sample Program #9
1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 Rapid X 0.0000 Y 0.0000 Tool# 1
4 Z 0.5000
5 Line Z 0.0000 Feed 5.0
6 MoldRot StartAngle 0.0000 EndAngle 350.0000 Cycles 13
FwdSub 1 RevSub 2 AxisRot Z Feed 5.7
8 Plane XY
9 EndMain
10 Sub 1
11 Plane XZ
12 Dim Incr
13 Line Z -0.2500 ToolComp Right
14 Line X 0.5000
15 Arc Cw X 2.0000 Z 0.1250 Radius 5.0000
16 Line X 0.1250
17 Line Z 0.2500 ToolComp Off
18 EndSub
19 Sub 2
20 Line Z -0.2500 ToolComp Left
21 Line X -0.1250
22 Arc Ccw X -2.0000 Z -0.1250 Radius 5.0000
23 Line X -0.5000
24 Line Z 0.2500 ToolComp Off
25 EndSub
26 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
Sample Program # 10 - Elbow Milling
R1"
(X1,Y1)
(X3.125,Y1.00)
EX11
Figure 6-16, Layout for Sample Program #10, Elbow Milling

This program uses a ball endmill to cut an elbow cavity. Tool
compensation cannot be used with elbow milling. The starting position
must be calculated.
Sample Program #10

1 Dim Abs
2 Rapid Z 0.0000 T 0.0000
3 Rapid X 3.1250 Y 1.0000 Tool# 1
4 Z 0.5000
5 Line Z 0.0000 Feed 6.5
6 Elbow...... Ccw StartRad 1.0000 EndRad 1.0000 InclAngle 90.0000
Cycles 10 XCenter 1.0000 YCenter 1.0000 Feed 25.5
8 EndMain
9 <End Of Program>

31-August-01
P/N 70000505 - Index
%, 2-3 calculators, listed, 5-1

*HALTED, 2-3 Cancel Tool Compensation, 3-12
3000M CNC Programming and cancel, tool length offsets, 4-3
Operations Manual, P/N canceling
70000504, referenced, 2-7, a single-step run, 3-17
2-8, 3-14 an Auto run, 3-18
cartesian coordinates,
A illustration, 1-5
ABS, positioning mode, 2-3 circle, templates, 5-11
absolute dimensions, circular pocket, to program, 3-7
description, 1-5 clearing, halted program, 3-19
absolute mode climb mill, 3-8
description, 1-3 clockwise, tool path, 3-8
to set, 3-5 closed-loop system, 1-1
absolute positioning, illustration, completed, program, 2-3
1-3 console, illustration, 2-1
absolute zero continuous jog, 2-5
reference point, 1-3 COOLANT, 2-4
to set, 4-1 coolant, status, 2-4
activating coordinates, 1-4
geometry calculator, 5-7 Corner Rounding, 3-9
math calculator, 5-1 Create (F2), 2-7, 3-2
triangle calculator, 5-5 Creep, 2-5
active tool, 2-3 current
add, two numbers, 5-3 jog mode, 2-3
additional functions, using, 5-4 move mode, 2-3
alphanumeric keys, illustration, operating mode, 2-3
2-1 positioning mode, 2-3
ARC, move mode, 2-3 units mode, 2-3
ASCII (F2), 3-2 cursor movement keys,
Auto (F6), 2-6 illustration, 2-1
Auto run, holding or canceling,
D
3-18
automatic mode, description, define
3-16 a point, 5-9
axes of motion, illustration, 1-2 circles, 5-8
lines, 5-8
B points, 5-8
BLOCK, 2-3 defining, positions, 1-4
block number, 2-3 Del ? (F3), 2-7
bolt hole cycle, to program, 3-6 Delete (F3), 2-7
deleting
C all elements, 5-11
Calc. (F7), 2-9 elements, 5-11
Calc. Distance, 5-12 developing, part programs, 3-2
calculation, order of listed, 5-4 DIA, 2-3
calculator Digital Readout. See DRO
basics, 5-2 dimensions
memory, 5-1 absolute, description, 1-5
All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice Index-1

31-August-01
P/N 70000505 - Index
incremental, description, 1-5 recall, values, 5-14

disclaimer, iii screen, illustration, 5-7
DISPLAY (F5), 3-14
Display (F8), 2-7
H
distance to go position display, HALTED, 2-3
2-5 halted program, clearing, 3-19
divide, two numbers, 5-3 Handwheel (F8), 2-6
Draw Hold (F8), Draw, 3-15
Hold (F8), 3-15 hold, programmed, 2-3
starting, 3-14 holding
Draw (F2), 2-8 a single-step run, 3-17
Drill (F3), 2-8 Auto run, 3-18
Drill Off, block, to program, 3-6 program execution, 3-17
drill program, sample, 6-2
drill program, sample program, I
6-25 illogical calculation, 5-2
drill, tool length offsets, 4-3 INC, positioning mode, 2-3
DRO Mode, using, 4-3 INCH, units mode, 2-3
DWELL, 2-3 incremental dimensions,
description, 1-5
E
incremental positioning,
Edit (F3), 2-6 illustration, 1-3
Edit (F4), 2-7 IN-POSN, 2-3
edit mode, soft keys, listed, 2-8 irregular pocket program, 6-29
editing, existing block, 3-2 irregular pocket program,
EndMain, 2-4 sample program, 6-27
errors, 3-19 Iso Draw View, 3-15
exercises, practice, 6-1
Exit (F10), 2-6, 2-7, 2-9 J
JOG, 2-3
F
jog mode, 2-3
Feed, 2-5 Jog Moves, 2-5
FEED, 2-3 Jog: 1, 2-6
FEED, move mode, 2-3 Jog: 10, 2-6
feedrate, 2-3
FEEDRATE OVERRIDE switch, 4-1
L
feedrate override, setting, 2-3 labels
FIXTURE, active offset, 2-3 primary display area, 2-3
Func (F7), 5-4 secondary display area, 2-3
last position, recall, 5-12
G
LCD, defined, 2-1
geometry Left-of-Path Compensation, 3-8
list, 5-8 line, templates, 5-10
list, all elements, 5-12 List (F4), 2-7
sketch, 5-7 loaded program, 2-3
templates, 5-7 loading, program for running,
geometry calculator 3-16
activating, 5-7 Log (F7), 2-7
description, 5-7 LOOP, 2-3
illustration, 5-7
Index-2 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

31-August-01
P/N 70000505 - Index
looping subprogram, sample parentheses, using, 5-3

program, 6-31 part programs, developing, 3-2
loops remaining, 2-3 PARTS, 2-4, 3-20
parts, counting, 2-4
M peck drilling cycle, format, 3-5
machine position display, Pocket (F4), 2-8
illustration, 2-2 point
machine, the part, 4-5 definition, 5-9
Manual (F4), 2-6 identification, tools, 5-8
manual mode, screen illustration, templates, 5-9
2-2 Position Display, 2-4
manual operation keys, position display mode, 2-3
illustration, 2-5 position display, illustration, 2-2
math calculator positive
activating, 5-1 motion, 1-2
description, 5-1 movement, 1-1
illustration, 5-2 POSN, 2-3
recall, values, 5-13 POSN, description, 2-5
storing numbers, 5-5 practice, exercises, 6-1
math operation, soft keys listed, Prev. (F9), in Edit Mode, 3-3
5-3 primary display area, illustration,
MDI (F7), 2-6 2-2
Message (F1), 2-6 primary display area, labels, 2-3
message area, illustration, 2-2 program
Mill (F5), 2-8 create new, 3-2
mill, tool length offsets, 4-4 halted, clearing, 3-19
Misc (F9), 2-9 listing, illustration, 2-3
MM, units mode, 2-3 loading, for run, 3-16
mold rotation, sample program, name, 2-3
6-39 position display, 2-4
motion mode, description, 3-16 run status, 3-20
multiply, two numbers, 5-3 run time, 3-20
run, timing, 2-4
N running, 3-16
negative running, in Auto, 3-18
motion, 1-2 running, one step at a time, 3-17
movement, 1-1 sample, 5-20
number, of parts, 3-20 soft keys, listed, 2-7
with rotating subprogram, 6-33
O writing, 3-3
operating mode, current, 2-3 Program (F2), 2-6
operator keys, illustration, 2-1 program directory, screen
order of operation, listed, 5-4 illustration, 2-7
program edit, screen illustration,
P 2-8
P/N 70000504, 3000M CNC programmed, hold, 2-3
Programming and Operations programming
Manual, referenced, 2-7, 2-8, exercises, 6-25
3-14 fundamentals, 1-1
Params (F9), 3-14 programs, sample, 6-1

31-August-01
P/N 70000505 - Index
prompts, 2-2 Select (F6), 2-7

setting
Q part zero, description, 1-3
quiz 1, 1-6 tool diameters, 4-5
quiz 2, 2-10 tool length offsets, 4-3
quiz 3, 3-21 Z Home, 4-3
quiz 4, 4-6 single-step mode, description,
quiz 5, 5-25 3-16
single-step run, holding or
R canceling, 3-17
Rapid, 2-5 sketch elements, 5-8
rapid move, to program, 3-8 soft key labels, illustration, 2-3
RAPID, move mode, 2-3 soft keys
recall edit mode, listed, 2-8
calculator values, 5-13 illustration, 2-1
last position, 5-12 math operation, listed, 5-3
values, between calculators, 5-15 program, listed, 2-7
rectangular pocket program, spindle
sample program, 6-26 RPM, 2-3
reference point, 5-9 status, 2-4
restarting, program, 3-17 SPINDLE, 2-4
right triangle calculator, starting
description, 5-5 Auto at a specific block, 3-19
Right Triangle Recall, 3-10 Draw, 3-14
RPM, 2-3 storing numbers
running math calculator, 5-5
block to block, 3-17 triangle calculator, 5-6
motion to motion, 3-17 Sub (F8), 2-9
program in Auto, 3-18 Sub Dir (F2), 2-7
program one step at a time, 3-17 subtract, two numbers, 5-3
programs, 3-16 switching, from single-step to
RUNNING, 2-3 auto, 3-18
S T
S.Step (F5), 2-6 table motion, 1-1
sample, programs, 6-1, 6-25 Teach (F1), 2-8
Save (F10), in Edit Mode, 3-3 teach mode, 2-5
scientific calculator, 5-1 templates
screens circle, listed, 5-11
geometry calculator screen, 5-7 line, 5-10
manual mode, illustration, 2-2 point, listed, 5-9
program directory, illustration, 2-7 TIMER, 2-4, 3-20
program editor, illustration, 2-8 tool, change position, 3-7
triangle calculator, illustration, 5-6 TOOL, 2-3
SEARCH, 3-19 Tool (F6), 2-8
secondary display area, Tool (F9), 2-6
illustration, 2-2 Tool Comp, 3-8
secondary display area, labels, tool diameter, 2-3
2-3 tool diameters, setting, 4-5
seconds, dwell remaining, 2-3
Index-4 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

31-August-01
P/N 70000505 - Index
tool length offsets Utility (F9), 2-7

canceling, 4-3
drill, 4-3
W
mill, 4-4 warranty, iii
setting, 4-3 writing, program blocks, 6-4
to cancel, example, 3-5
tool motion, orientation, 1-1 X
Tool Off, description, 3-16 X-axis, 1-2
Tool On, description, 3-16 X0, Y0, Z0 position, illustration,
tool, to activate, 3-5 1-4
ToolComp, 3-2 XY plane, 3-15
triangle calculator. See also, XZ plane, 3-15
right triangle calculator
description, 5-5 Y
hiding, screen, 5-6 Y-axis, 1-2
recall, values, 5-14 YZ plane, 3-15
screen illustration, 5-6
storing numbers, 5-6 Z
triangle, solved, 5-5 Z-axis, 1-2
U Z Home, setting, 4-3
units conversion, 5-1

31-August-01
U.S.A.
ANILAM
One Precision Way
Jamestown, NY 14701
(716) 661-1899
(716) 661-1884
[email protected]
ANILAM, CA
16312 Garfield Ave., Unit B
Paramount, CA 90723
(562) 408-3334
(562) 634-5459
[email protected]
Dial “011” before each number when calling

from the U.S.A.
France
ANILAM S.A.R.L.
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Serves Cedex, France
+33-1-46290061
+33-1-45072402
[email protected]
Germany
ANILAM GmbH
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Germany
+49 8669 856110
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[email protected]
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ANILAM Elettronica s.r.l.
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Torino, Italy
+39 011 900 2606
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[email protected]
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+886-4 225 87222
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United Kingdom
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England
+44 (0) 1908 514 500
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Acu-Rite Companies Inc.(Shanghai Representative Office)
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P/N 70000505
31-August-01 www.anilam.com

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Copyright 2001 ACU-RITE Companies, Inc.

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. iii

Section 1 - Fundamentals of Programming

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. v

Block 15: Line Y Move and Corner Rounding .................................................................. 3-9

vi All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

Using Parentheses ........................................................................................................... 5-3

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. vii

Step 3 - Writing the Main Program.................................................................................. 6-22

viii All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

Section 1 - Fundamentals of Programming

NOTE: Use this workbook with the training video.

NOTE: When programming machine movements, always consider tool

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. 1-1

Figure 1-1, Mill Axes of Motion (Tool Motion Orientation)

1-2 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

Figure 1-2, Absolute Positioning

Figure 1-3, Incremental Positioning

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. 1-3

Figure 1-4, Locating Positions

Example 1, Absolute Dimensions

1-4 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

Example 2, Incremental Dimensions

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. 1-5

Figure 1-6, Quiz 1 Coordinates

Directions: Refer to Figure 1-6. Circle the correct answers.

5. a. X2, Y-3 6. a. X1, Y-3 7. a. X4, Y4 8. a. X-1, Y5

III. What is the incremental distance from Point 5 to Point 6?

1-6 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

Quiz 1 Answer Key

III. X-2, Y-1

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. 1-7

Section 2 - CNC Console

Figure 2-1, 3000M Console

Operator Keys control machine and spindle movements manually. You

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. 2-1

Manual Mode Screen

Soft Key Labels

2-2 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. 2-3

Position Display Indicator:

2-4 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

Distance To Go Position Display shows the remaining

To switch the POSN setting:

NOTE: Ensure that the CNC POSN: setting is in Program Mode.

Figure 2-4, Manual Operation Keys

machine setup. Press JOG to cycle through the available Jog

Table 2-1, Move Mode Selections

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. 2-5

Table 2-1, Move Mode Selections (Continued)

Soft Key Overview

Manual Soft Keys

Table 2-2, Manual Mode Soft Keys

2-6 All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice.

Program Soft Keys

Figure 2-5, Program Directory

Table 2-3, Program Soft Keys and Shift Soft Keys

All rights reserved. Subject to change without notice. 2-7