Q.1  Which of the following is/are characteristic/s of mechatronic products and systems?

a. Functional interaction between mechanical, electronic and information technologies

b. Spatial interaction of subsystems in one physical unit

c. Intelligence related to the control functions of the mechatronics system

d. All of the above

ANSWER: (d)
Explanation: 
The mechatronic products and systems have various characteristics. They are as follows: 

1. There is a functional interaction between mechanical, electronic and information technologies within
mechatronic products and systems.

2. The subsystems are specially integrated in one physical unit

3. Intelligence related to the control functions of the mechatronic system

4. The mechatronic systems and products have more flexibility over conventional mechanical designs.

5. They have multi-functionality.

Q.2  The mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field in which the disciplines those act together are
_________

a. Mechanical systems and Electronic systems

b. Mechanical systems and Information technology

c. Electronic systems and Information technology

d. Mechanical systems, Electronic systems and Information technology

ANSWER: (d)

Explanation: 

The mechatronics is an interdisciplinary field in which the disciplines those act together are as follows:

1. Mechanical systems

2. Electronic systems
3. Information technology

- The energy given to the machine is firstly flows through it and then either consumed directly by
consumer in the case of an energy transformer or converted into an another form of energy as in the
case of an energy converter.

- The energy can be in the form of mechanical, electrical, chemical or thermal

Q.3  Group the followings into Mechanical systems, Electronic systems and Information technology.

1. Automation 
2. Mechanical elements
3. Software engineering 
4. Precision mechanics
5. Microelectronics
6. Artificial intelligence
7. Sensors and actuators

a. Mechanical Systems: 2, 4 
Electronic System: 5, 7
Information Technology: 1, 3, 6

b. Mechanical Systems: 2, 7 
Electronic System: 4, 5, 6 
Information Technology: 1, 3

c. Mechanical Systems: 2, 4 
Electronic System: 5, 6, 7 
Information Technology: 1, 3

d. Mechanical Systems: 2, 7 
Electronic System: 4, 5 
Information Technology: 1, 3, 6

ANSWER: (a) 
Explanation: 

- The mechatronics, being an interdisciplinary field, has three main fields which act together.

- These fields are Mechanical systems, Electrical systems, Information technology.

- The above given systems or fields can be categorized in these three disciplines.

- Mechanical systems contain mechanical elements, precision mechanism and machines.

- Electrical systems contains microelectronics, sensors and actuators, power electronics.

- Information technology contains automation, software engineering, artificial intelligence, system

theory.

Q.4  What is used to make considerable simplification in the devices such as watches and cameras etc.
as compared to pure mechanical designs?

a. Actuators with electrical auxiliary energy

b. Amplifiers with electrical auxiliary energy

c. Both a. and b.

d. None of the above

ANSWER: (c)

Explanation: 

- As the systems in the devices such as watches and cameras are very small and complicated, there is a
need of an amplification.

- It cannot be done by pure mechanical designs.

- Therefore, both the amplifiers and actuators with electrical auxiliary energy are used for considerable
amplification in the devices like watches, cameras, electrical typewriters, etc.

- The microcomputers which are in connection with decentralized electrical drives are introduced for the
result of a considerable amplification in the mechanics such as watches, automatic gears, etc.

Q.5  In which stage the measurement system comes in contact with the measurand or the quantity to
be measured?

a. Transducer Stage

b. Signal Processor Stage

c. Output Stage

d. None of the above

ANSWER: (a) 
Explanation: 

- All the functions of mechatronics system bring results with measurements.

- Therefore, measurement system is the most essential and important component in mechatronics
system.

- The measurement systems are generally represented by block diagrams.

- There are three stages of generalized measurement system.

1. Transducer Stage: The measurement system comes in contact with the measurand or the quantity
to be measured in transducer stage. This stage is also called as sensor stage. The measurand may be
temperature, pressure, displacement, velocity, acceleration, etc.

2. Signal Processor Stage: The output from transducer may require some processing and modification.
This process is done at the signal processor stage. In this stage, the operations like amplification,
filtering, integration, analog to digital conversion, etc. are involved.

3. Output Stage: This stage has function to produce a useful output from the signal which is processed
at the signal processor stage. The signal at output stage contains the information about the quantity
which is measured by measurement system.

Q.6  Which of the following functions can a control system carry out?

a. The system output can be controlled to some desired particular value for particular input

b. If certain conditions are satisfied, it can give a particular sequence of output, corresponding to given
input

c. Either a. or b.

d. None of the above

ANSWER: ( c ) 
Explanation: 

- A control system can be defined as the system which can carry out either of the following functions:

1. The system output can be controlled to some desired particular value for particular input
2. If certain conditions are satisfied, it can give a particular sequence of output, corresponding to given
input.

- The suitable example for the first function of control system is the central temperature control or
heating system in house.

- In this case, the controlled variable is temperature in the house and the furnace is controlled by control
system to maintain the temperature.

- The suitable example for the second function of control system is household washing machine.

- In this case, the controller determine various sequence of operations such as adding clothes, adding
water, adding detergent, washing clothes, removing water, drying clothes.

Q.7  A group of components which can complete certain tasks or achieve certain desired results in a
desired manner while working together is called as_____

a. output system

b. sequence system

c. control system

d. all of the above

ANSWER: ( c )

Explanation: 

- Generally, the word 'control' means to achieve certain desired result or completing certain tasks in a
desired manner.

- And the word 'system' can be defined as a group of devices which can achieve certain function when
they are working together.

- Therefore, a group of components which can complete certain tasks or achieve certain desired
results in a desired manner while working together is called as control system.

Q.8  In which system does the output not affect the process in any way?

a. Open loop system

b. Closed loop system

c. Both a. and b.
d. None of the above

ANSWER: (a) 
Explanation: 

- In open loop system, the output does not affect the process in any way, as it works on open loop.

- The open loop control system always proceeds in the same predefined manner until it is switched off. 

- This can be represented by block diagram as shown below;

- As there is not any feedback unit in open loop control system, it is clear that the output does not affect
the process in any way.

Q.9  The temperature control system which maintains the temperature of a room at 30 oC when it is
set is an example of_____

a. Open loop system

b. Closed loop system

c. Both a. and b.

d. None of the above

ANSWER: Closed loop system 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- In closed loop system, the loop is closed by providing a feedback of the output through a measuring
elements.

- The temperature control system which maintains the temperature of a room at 30 °C when it is set is
an example of closed loop system.

- The temperature of the room is to be maintained at 30 °C and is not allowed to go up or down.

- When it goes up or down immediately some action is taken either switching cooler on or switching
heater on.

- When temperature goes up 30 °C, then cooler is switched on so that the temperature comes down to
30 °C.

- And when temperature goes down below 30 °C, then heater is switched on so that the temperature
goes up to 30 °C.

Q.10  Which control system does not have a stability problem?

a. Open loop system

b. Closed loop system

c. Both a. and b.

d. None of the above

ANSWER: Open loop system 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- The main difference between open loop control system and closed loop control system is that the
open loop control system does not have the feedback unit as the closed loop control system has.

- This is only the disadvantage of open loop control system over closed loop control system.

- The open loop control system has some advantages also.

1. The open loop control system does not have any stability problem as there is no any fluctuation in
inputs according to output result.

2. It is simple in construction and maintenance.

3. It is less expensive and has less number of components than the closed loop control system.

Q.11  Data acquisition is the process in which, physical variables from the real world are_____

a. converted into electrical signals

b. modified and converted into a digital format for processing

c. both a. and b.

d. none of the above

ANSWER: both a. and b.

Q.12  Which of the following cannot be considered as data in Data Acquisition System (DAQ)?

a. Temperature

b. Mechanical displacement

c. Flow rate

d. None of the above

ANSWER: None of the above

Q.13  What is the input of the data acquisition system (DAQ) to which a transducer is connected
called?

a. control element

b. channel

c. interface

d. function
ANSWER: channel

Q.14  The capacity of data acquisition system (DAQ) can be specified in terms of______

a. number of control elements

b. number of channels

c. number of interfaces

d. number of functions

ANSWER: number of channels

Q.15  Which module of data acquisition system (DAQ) consists of the CPU that controls the complete
data acquisition system?

a. Input module

b. Output module

c. Sampling module

d. Control module

ANSWER: Control module 

Q.16  Which of the following cannot be an input that is given to the PLC?

a. Manual switches

b. Relays

c. Sensors

d. None of the above

ANSWER: None of the above

Q.17  Which of the following can be the output of PLC?

1. Relay coils
2. Solenoids
3. Indicators
4. Motors
5. Lamps
6. Alarms

a. Only (1), (2), (3) and (4)

b. Only (3), (4), (5) and (6)

c. Only (1), (2), (3) and (5)

d. All the (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6)

ANSWER: All the (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), and (6) 

Q.18  The PLC is used in _______.

a. machine tools

b. automated assembly equipment

c. moulding and extrusion machines

d. all of the above

ANSWER: all of the above

Q.19  PLC can be ___________ in plant to change the sequence of operation.

a. only programmed

b. only reprogrammed

c. programmed and reprogrammed

d. able to give a set point

ANSWER: programmed and reprogrammed 

Q.20  The phenomenon of storing heat energy in a system is called as thermal______.

a. conductance

b. resistance

c. capacitance

d. all of the above

ANSWER: capacitance 

Q.21  Heat in thermal system is analogous to __________ in electrical energy.

a. current

b. potential difference

c. resistance

d. charge

ANSWER: charge

Q.22  What would be the relation between the resistances for laminar flow and turbulent flow for the
same head (H) and flow rate (Q)?

a. Rturbulent = (1/2) x Rlaminar

b. Rturbulent = 2 x Rlaminar

c. Rturbulent = 4 x Rlaminar

d. Rturbulent = 2000 x Rlaminar

ANSWER: Rturbulent = 2 x Rlaminar 

Q.23  When the output is bounded for bounded inputs, then the system is said to be_______.

a. stable

b. unstable
c. functional

d. nonfunctional

ANSWER: stable 

Q.24  Which of the following is/are the Continuous Control Mode/s used in control systems?

a. On-Off Control

b. Integral Control

c. Proportional Control

d. All of the above

ANSWER: All of the above

Q.25  On-off Control is also called as ________.

a. one position control

b. two position control

c. four position control

d. half position control

ANSWER: two position control 

Q.26  Consider the below diagram of Two Position Control. What would be the value of error, when
the controller output takes a fixed value corresponding to the 'ON' position of final control element?
a. zero

b. less than zero

c. more than zero

d. unpredictable

ANSWER: more than zero

Q.27  The controller characteristics for on-off controller follow _________.

a. only one curve

b. two curves

c. four curves

d. unpredictable

ANSWER: two curves 

Q.28  Consider the following graph of error (e) vs controller output (m). The curve B corresponding to
the value of error e2 is the curve followed by controller characteristics when value of error
__________.
a. is decreasing

b. is increasing

c. remains constant

d. is unpredictable

ANSWER: is increasing 

Q.29  Arrange the following components of temperature measurement system according to

measurement system

Hot body, Display system, Thermocouple, Amplifier and converter

a. Hot body----Display system-----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter

b. Hot body----Amplifier and converter-----Thermocouple-----Display system

c. Hot body----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter-----Display system

d. Display system-----Hot body----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter

ANSWER: Hot body----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter-----Display system 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!
Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- The above given components represent a measurement system which measures the hot body
temperature.

- Every measurement system consists of three main stages as sensor stage, signal processor stage and
output stage.

- Thermocouple is used to measures the temperature of hot body.

- Therefore, hot body here is the measurand and the sensor stage which is in direct contact with the
measurand consists of thermocouple.

- Amplifier and converters are used for signal processing at the signal processor stage.

- As the display system is used to show the output of measurement system, it represents the output
stage and comes at the end of the block diagram representation of measurement system.

- Therefore, the given components can be represented in measurement system as follows:

- Hot body----Thermocouple-----Amplifier and converter-----Display system

Q.30  The characteristic that provides an output with respect to the relation with the input is called
as ___________

a. calibration of a system

b. response of a system

c. characteristic relation of a system

d. instrumentation of a system

ANSWER: response of a system 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- The characteristic that provides an output with respect to the relation with the input is called
asresponse of a system.

- When an input is given to a particular system or instrument, it results an output in some form.
- The output of a system or an instrument changes with the change in its input.

- This concludes that the output and the input of the system or instrument have some definite
relationship.

- This relationship is studied under some characteristics of the system or instrument.

- When it is related to the system, then it is called as response of the system.

Q.31  The study of relationship between the input and output, when the input is invariant with
respect to time is called as_____

a. static characteristics of instruments

b. dynamic characteristics of instruments

c. variable characteristics of instruments

d. none of the above

ANSWER: static characteristics of instruments 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- The relationship between input and output of a system or an instrument is studied under some
characteristics.

- When this characteristic is related to the system, then it is called as response of a system.

- And when this characteristic is related to the instrument, then it is called as characteristic of an
instrument.

- The characteristic of an instrument is referred as the relationship between input and output of an
instrument.

- When the input signal is static or does not vary with respect to time, then the relationship between
input and output of that instrument is called as static characteristic of instrument.

- Even if the variation of input with respect to time is slow, it is considered as static

Q.32  The process of establishment of a relationship between the input to the instrument and output
from the instrument is called as_____

a. static sensitivity

b. static characterization

c. static accuracy

d. static calibration

ANSWER: static calibration 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- The process of establishment of a relationship between the input to the instrument and output from
the instrument is called as static calibration.

- It is also simply called as calibration.

- The calibration can be carried out by giving known inputs to the instrument and obtaining
corresponding outputs.

- The readings of input-output measurement are taken number of times with different inputs.

Q.33  ________ is the curve plotted between input and output by giving known inputs to an
instrument and obtaining corresponding outputs.

a. characteristic curve

b. accuracy curve

c. calibration curve

d. sensitivity curve

ANSWER: calibration curve 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- The process of giving known inputs to an instrument and obtaining corresponding output is called as
calibration.
- This process is repeated number of times with different inputs and the corresponding outputs for
each different input are recorded.

- When, a curve is plotted with the help of these input-output values, then the curve is called as
calibration curve.

- The input-output relationship can be established with the help of the calibration curve. 

- This input-output relationship helps in taking reading directly while making an instrument.

Q.34  The displacement of a mass attached to a spring in mechanical system is corresponding to

_______ in the electrical system

a. inductance

b. resistance

c. capacitance

d. current

ANSWER: current 
Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)
- Considering above diagrams of a mechanical system and electrical system, characteristic equation for
each system can be derived.

- The characteristic equation for mechanical system is given by,

M(d2x/dt2) + B(dx/dt) + Kx = F …..........................(1)

Where,

M(d2x/dt2) = Inertia force

B(dx/dt) = Damping force

Kx = Spring force

- Whereas, the characteristic equation for electrical system is given by,

L(d2i/dt2) + R(di/dt) + (1/C)i = Eo cos ωt ….........................(2)

Where,

L(d2i/dt2) = Voltage across inductance 

R(di/dt) = Voltage across resistance

(1/C)i = Voltage across capacitance

From above equations (1) and (2), we can say that the displacement (x) of a mass attached to a spring
in mechanical system is corresponding to current (i) in the electrical system.

Q.35  For a second order instrument if the value of the damping ratio is equal to zero, then the

a. Output will exhibit constant amplitude oscillation

b. Initially output will be oscillatory and gradually it will die down

c. Initially output will be oscillatory and gradually amplitude of oscillation will increase

d. Output does not exhibit any oscillations

ANSWER: Output will exhibit constant amplitude oscillation

Q.36  What is the transfer function of an electrical system given below?

Where,
I: Current
V: Voltage
R: Resistance

a. V

b. 1/V

c. I

d. 1/R

ANSWER: 1/R 
Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- The transfer function of a system can be defined as the value by which if the input is multiplied, we
will get the response of the system.

- Above diagram shows an electrical system which consists of voltage source and resistance.
- The source applies a voltage V across a resistance R. This is the input. This results in current flowing
through the circuit. Therefore, current is a response.

- According to the ohm's law,

V=IxR

V x (1/R) = I …................................(1)

- The equation (1) represents,

Input(V) x Transfer function(1/R) = Response(I)

- Therefore, the transfer function of the given electrical system is 1/R

Q.37  Which of the following statements are true for block diagrams?

1. Block diagrams are the pictorial representation of the system

2. The complicated systems can be easily represented by connecting different blocks
3. Block diagram represents the relationship between input and output of the system

a. Statements (1) and (2)

b. Statements (2) and (3)

c. Statements (1) and (3)

d. Statements (1), (2) and (3)

ANSWER: Statements (1), (2) and (3) 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- Block diagrams are used to represent the system functions effectively like the closed loop control
systems with feedback unit.

- Block diagrams are the pictorial representation of the system.

- The complicated systems can be easily represented by connecting different blocks.

- Block diagram represents the relationship between input and output of the system.
- Therefore all the statements given above are true for block diagrams.

Q.38  Commercial accelerometer, which is a second order instruments are generally designed for the
damping ratio of the range of

a. 0.2 – 0.4

b. 0.6 – 0.8

c. 0.707 – 1

d. 1 – 1.5

ANSWER: 0.6 – 0.8

Q.39  A corresponding block of an element is drawn by inserting ________ of that element inside the
block.

a. the value of corresponding input

b. a transfer function

c. the value of corresponding output

d. the name

ANSWER: a transfer function 

Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- Each function of a system is represented by a block in block diagram.

- A corresponding block of an element is drawn by inserting a transfer function of that element inside
the block as the block diagram represents the relation between input and output of the system.

- One block in block diagram representation corresponds to one element of the system.

- As per the sequence of operation of the system, all the different blocks are interconnected to each
other.

- The lines are used to connect the blocks. These line are called as branches of the system.
Q.40  The process of measurement 

a. Always disturbs the system being measured

b. It may or may not disturb the system being measured

c. Never disturbs the system being measured

d. None of these

ANSWER: Always disturbs the system being measured

Q.41  What is/are the maximum number of arrow/s (Input/s) allowed to go inside the block?

a. One

b. Two

c. Three

d. Four

ANSWER: One 
Explanation: 
No explanation is available for this question!

Pankaj Chaugule    (24-11-2015)

- In block diagram, each block represents a function of particular element.

- The blocks are connected by lines called as branches of the system.

- Each block as functional component of a system is represented by a rectangle.

- There is one arrow going into the block and one arrow going out of the block. 

- Only one arrow is allowed to go inside the block in block diagram representation of the system.

Q.42  The task of time sharing, in which large number of data signals are sent through cables or buses,
is performed by____

a. sensors or transducers
b. central processing unit (CPU)

c. multiplexer

d. analog to digital converter

ANSWER: multiplexer 

Q.43  The difference between the measured value and the true value is known as

a. Relative error

b. Random error

c. Absolute error

d. Systematic error

ANSWER: Absolute error

Q.44  Systematic errors in a measurement system are caused by 

a. System disturbance during measurement

b. Effect of environmental changes

c. Use of uncalibrated instruments

d. All of these

ANSWER: All of these

Q.45  Micro-controllers are ________________ than the PLCs.

a. bulky and expensive

b. bulky but cheaper

c. portable and cheaper

d. portable but expensive

ANSWER: portable and cheaper

Q.46  The type of memory which is fast and temporarily stores the data which are immediately
required for use is called as______.

a. HDD

b. ROM

c. RAM

d. SSD

ANSWER: RAM 

Q.47  In a gravity controlled type indicating instrument, the current flowing through the circuit is

a. Directly proportional to the cosine of angle of deflection

b. Directly proportional to the sine of angle of deflection

c. Directly proportional to the tan of the angle of deflection

d. Directly proportional to the angle of deflection

ANSWER: Directly proportional to the sine of angle of deflection

Q.48  Which method is used for stability analysis?

a. Nyquisit criteria

b. Root locus method

c. Routh Hurwitz criteria

d. All of the above

ANSWER: All of the above

Q.49  Megger is a portable instrument. It is used for the measurement of

a. Low inductance

b. Low resistance

c. High inductance

d. High resistance

ANSWER: High resistance

Q.  In a portable instrument, the effect of stray magnetic field on actuating torque will be maximum
when the operating field and stray fields are

a. Parallel to each other

b. Perpendicular to each other

c. Inclined at 45 degree

d. Opposite to each other

ANSWER: Parallel to each other

Q.50  The thermocouple ammeter scale is 

a. Linear

b. Cramped at low end and open at high end

c. Open at low end and cramped at high end

d. Cramped at the middle

ANSWER: Cramped at low end and open at high end

Q.  In a Wheatstone bridge, if P = 10 ± 1%, Q = 100 ± 1%, R = 20 ± 1% and S is unknown then the
unknown resistance will be
a. 200 ± 1%

b. 200 ± 2%

c. 200 ± 3%

d. 100 ± 1%

ANSWER: 200 ± 3%