V. Cajical, G.R. No. 1574772, September 28, 2007)

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(a) Give the requisites of double jeopardy.

Double jeopardy exists when the following requisites are present: (1) a first
jeopardy attached prior to the second; (2) the first jeopardy has been
validly terminated; and (3) a second jeopardy is for the same offense as in
the first. A first jeopardy attaches only (a) after a valid indictment;
(b) before a competent court; (c) after arraignment; (d) when a valid plea
has been entered; and (e) when the accused has been acquitted or
convicted, or the case dismissed or otherwise terminated without his
express consent.

(b) In what instances is the dismissal of the case upon motion of the accused a
bar to another prosecution for the same offense?
Double jeopardy as provided under Rule 117. (Besh di ko alam to hahahaha)

(c) X was charged with frustrated homicide for inflicting physical injuries upon
Y who remained in a coma during the trial. Before judgement could be
rendered, Y died as a consequence of his injuries. Thereafter, the
prosecution filed an amended information charging X with homicide.

1. Is the amendment formal of substantial? Why?

It is considered as substantial amendment since it changes the nature of


the offense charged.

2. May the court allow the amendment without violating the rule on double
jeopardy? Why?
No, allowing the amendment will constitute double jeopardy. After
arraignment, a substantial amendment is prohibited except if the same is
beneficial to the accused. Substantial amendment after the plea has been
taken cannot be made over the objection of the accused, for if the original
would be withdrawn, the accused could invoke double jeopardy. (Pacoy
v. Cajical, G.R. No. 1574772, September 28, 2007)

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