Philippine National Standard: Organic Agriculture

ICS 65.
020 PNS/BAFS 07:2016
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL
STANDARD
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
Part 1: Conversion to Organic Agriculture
Part 2: Crop Production
Part 3: Animal Production
Part 4: Beekeeping
Part 5: Special Products
Part 6: Processing
Part 7: Labeling and Consumer Information
Part 8: Traceability and Recordkeeping
Republic of the Philippines

Department of Agriculture
BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES STANDARDS
© 2016. All rights reserved.
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARDS
FOREWORD
The Philippine National Standard for Organic Agriculture (PNS OA)

was originally prepared and adopted in 2003 for the purpose of
promoting organic agriculture and enhancing market competitiveness
by providing a uniform approach to the requirements on conversion,
crop production, animal production, special products, processing,
labeling, and consumer information.
In keeping with the developments of the global organic industry,

the revision of the PNS OA was started through the creation of a
Technical Working Group (TWG) composed of members coming
private sector. Likewise, public consultative meetings were held in

the National Capital Region (NCR), Davao, and Iloilo with the aim of
generating comments from the various stakeholders of the organic
industry.
The revision of the PNS OA was undertaken in order to achieve

equivalence with the ASEAN Standard for Organic Agriculture
(ASOA). PNS/BAFS 07:2016 covers several scope, namely: (a)
conversion; (b) crop production; (c) animal production; (d)
beekeeping; (e) special products; (f) processing; (g) labeling and
consumer information; (h) traceability; and (i) requirements for the
inclusion of substances for organic production. The different scopes
should be treated as one standard on organic agriculture with the
various parts complementing each other.
ORGANIC AGRICULTURE PNS/BAFS 07:2016
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
BAFS Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards

BAI Bureau of Animal Industry
BPI Bureau of Plant Industry
BPI-PQS Bureau of Plant Industry-Plant Quarantine Service
DA Department of Agriculture
DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources
FDA Food and Drug Administration
GMP Good Manufacturing Practices
HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points
IFOAM International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements
LGU Local Government Unit
NCBP National Committee on Biosafety Philippines
NMIS National Meat Inspection Service
SPS Sanitary and Phytosanitary
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Scope -- 1
2 References -- 1
-- 1
4.1. Minimum requirements for conversion to organic -- 5

agriculture
--
5.1. Choice of crops and varieties -- 9
5.2. Crop rotations and soil management practices -- 9
5.3. Fertilization practices and growth regulators -- 10
5.4. Commercial production of organic fertilizer -- 11
5.5. Pest, disease, and weed management -- 11
5.6. Pollution control and contamination management -- 11
5.7. Soil and water conservation -- 12
5.8. Diversity in crop production -- 12
5.9. Collection on non-cultivated materials and minor -- 12
forest products
6.1. Animal husbandry management -- 13

6.2. Breeds and breeding -- 13
-- 14
6.4. Animal nutrition -- 15
6.5. Feeding of milk to mammals -- 16
6.6. Breeding animals -- 16
6.7. Biosecurity -- 16
6.8. Animal health -- 17
6.9. Transport and slaughter -- 19
6.10. Manure management -- 20
6.11. Free-range areas and housing -- 20
iv
7.1. Choice of species -- 21

7.2. Hive material/design -- 21
7.3. Location of colonies/apiaries -- 21
7.4. Mutilations in beekeeping -- 21
7.5. Supplemental feeding -- 21
7.6. Bee stock sources -- 21
7.7. Pest and disease control/disinfection -- 22
7.8. Harvesting -- 22
7.9. Apiary conservation and stability -- 22
-- 22
8.1. Mushrooms -- 23
8.2. Herbs -- 23
9.1. Post-harvest operations -- 23

9.2. Storage, processing, and transportation -- 24
9.3. Pest control in storage and processing -- 24
9.4. Ingredients of agricultural origin -- 25
9.5. Processing aids and other ingredients -- 25
9.6. Methods of processing -- 26
9.7. Methods of cleaning -- 26
9.8. Packaging -- 27
10.1. Labeling -- 27
-- 28
-- 29
13 Annexes -- 32
v
1 Scope
and is divided into the following parts:

Part 1: Conversion to organic agriculture
Part 2: Crop production
Part 3: Livestock
Part 4: Beekeeping
Part 5: Processing
Part 6: Special products
Part 7: Labeling and consumer information
Part 8: Traceability and recordkeeping
Part 9: Requirements for the inclusion of substances for organic
production
2 References
The titles of the publications referred to in this Standard are listed on the
page before the Annexes.
3.1 Agricultural product/product of agricultural origin - any product or

commodity, raw or processed, that is marketed for human consumption
(excluding water, salt, and additives) or animal feed.
3.2 Animal - refers to ruminant (e.g. cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, and deer)
and non-ruminant (e.g. poultry, pigs, ostrich, rabbit, and horse) livestock
raised for food purposes.
3.3 Animal production - practices related to any domestic or domesticated,
including bovine, ovine, porcine, caprine, equine, poultry, and bees, raised
3.4 Annual crop - crop produced by a plant whose entire life cycle is completed
within a single growing season.
3.5 Biodegradable inputs - inputs composed of natural materials capable of
being decomposed by bacteria or other biological means and includes
compost, green manure, and plant and animal waste.
3.6 Biodiversity - variety of life forms and ecosystem types on Earth. Includes
genetic diversity (i.e. diversity within species), species diversity (i.e. the
number and variety of species), and ecosystem diversity (total number of
ecosystem types).
3.7 Biosecurity - strategic and integrated approach that encompasses the
policy and regulatory frameworks (including instruments and activities)
that analyse and manage risks in the sectors of food safety, animal life
and health, and plant life and health, including associated environmental
risk. Biosecurity covers the introduction of plant pests, animal pests
and diseases, and zoonoses, the introduction and release of genetically
and management of invasive alien species and genotypes. It is a holistic
1
concept of direct relevance to the sustainability of agriculture, food safety,

and the protection of the environment, including biodiversity.
3.8 Breeding - selection of plants or animals to produce and/or to further
develop desired varieties/strains/breeds.
3.9 Buffer zone
an organic production site that is established to limit application of, or
contact with, prohibited substances from an adjacent area.
3.10 - procedure by which an operator or a group of operators
3.11 Commingling - intentional or unintentional mixing together or the physical

contact between organic products and non-organic products which are
unpackaged or permeably packaged, which leads to a loss of integrity
of the organic product during production, processing, transportation,
storage, or handling.
3.12 Compost - any product in solid or liquid form, of plant (except by-
products from petroleum industries) or animal origin, that has undergone
substantial decomposition that can supply available nutrients to plants
with a total Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P2O5), and Potassium (K2O) of
2.5 to less than 5 percent. This may be enriched by microbial inoculants
and naturally occurring minerals but no chemical or inorganic fertilizer
to affect the nutrient content. Compost and soil conditioner are used
interchangeably in this Standard.
3.13 Contamination - contact of organic crops, animals, land, or products with
substance that would compromise the organic integrity.
3.14 Conventional - any material, production, or processing practice that is not
3.15 Conversion period (transition period) - time between the start of organic
site as organic.
3.16 Crop rotation - practice of alternating the species or families of annual
sequence so as to break weed, pest, and disease cycles and to maintain or

improve soil fertility and organic matter content.
3.17 Disinfecting - to reduce, by physical or chemical means, the number of
potentially harmful microorganisms in the environment to a level that
does not compromise food safety or suitability.
3.18 Farm unit - total area of land under control of one farmer or collective of
farmers, and including all the farming activities or enterprises.
2
3.19 Food additive - any substance not normally consumed as a food by itself
and not normally used as typical ingredient for the food, whether or
not it has nutritive value, the intentional addition of which to food or a
technological (including organoleptic) purpose in the manufacture,
processing, preparation, treatment, packaging, transport, or holding
of such food results, or may reasonably expected to result, (directly or
indirectly) in it or its by-products becoming a component of or otherwise
affecting the characteristics of such foods. The term does not include
contaminants or substances added to food for maintaining or improving
nutritional qualities.
3.20 - organisms made
with techniques that alter the molecular or cell biology of an organism
by means that are not possible under natural conditions or processes.
Genetic engineering includes recombinant DNA, cell fusion, micro- and
macro- encapsulation, gene deletion and doubling, introducing a foreign
gene, and changing the positions of genes. It shall not include breeding,
conjugation, fermentation, hybridization, in-vitro fertilization, and tissue
culture.
3.21 Green manure - crop that is grown and then incorporated into the soil
for the purpose of soil improvement, prevention of erosion, prevention
of nutrient loss, mobilization and accumulation of plant nutrients, and
balancing soil organic matter. Green manure may include spontaneous
crops, plants, or weeds.
3.22 Habitat - area over which a plant or animal species naturally exists.
Also used to indicate types of habitat (e.g. ocean, seashore, riverbank,
woodland, and grassland).
3.23 Herb - plant that is not woody and with no persistent parts above ground
level.
3.24 High conservation value areas
outstanding and critical importance due to their environmental, cultural,
socioeconomic, biodiversity, or landscape values.
3.25 Homeopathic - treatment of disease based on administration of remedies
prepared through successive dilutions of a substance that in higher
concentration produces symptoms in healthy subjects similar to those of
the disease itself.
3.26 In-conversion/conversion to organic - labeling term that denotes produce
and products of plant that are obtained through production and/or
processing in accordance with organic agriculture in conversion period
intended to market as food.
3.27 Ingredient - any substance, excluding a food additive, used in the
3.28 Inspection - examination of food or systems for control of food, raw
product testing, in order to verify that they conform to requirements. For
3
organic food, inspection includes the examination of the production and

processing system.
3.29 Ionizing radiation (irradiation) - technology using high-energy emissions
from radio-nucleotides, such as gamma rays, x-rays, or accelerated
electrons, capable of altering a product’s molecular structure for the
purpose of controlling microbial contaminants, pathogens, parasites,
and pests in products (generally food), preserving products, or inhibiting
physiological processes such as sprouting or ripening. Irradiation does not
include low-level radiation sources such as the use of X-rays for foreign
body detection.
3.30 Isolated nutrients - individual and separate forms of nutrients.
3.31 Labeling - any written, printed, or graphic representation that is present
on the label of a product, accompanies the product, or is displayed near
the product at the point of sale, for the purpose of promoting its sale or
disposal.
3.32 - holistic production management system which
promotes and enhances agro-ecosystem health, including biodiversity,
biological cycles, and soil biological activity; emphasizes the use of
management practices over the use of off-farm inputs; and utilizes cultural,
biological, and mechanical methods as opposed to synthetic materials.
the shared environment and promote fair relationships and a good quality
of life for all involved.
3.33 - adherence to the principles, objectives, and standards
for organic production.
3.34 - any agricultural produce that is produced according
to the organic agriculture or gathered from nature, and/or handled with
post-harvest management.
3.35 - product that has been produced or processed, and
handled in compliance with organic standards.
3.36 - written plan for management of an organic
crop, livestock, wild harvesting, processing, handling, or grower group
operation in order to comply with organic standards and which has been
3.37 Parallel production - simultaneous production, processing, or handling

of organic and non-organic (including transitional) crops, livestock, and/
or other agricultural products of the same or similar (indistinguishable)
varieties.
3.38 Perennial - any crop, other than a biennial crop, that can be harvested from
the same planting for more than one crop year, or that requires at least one
year after planting before harvest.
4
3.39 Processing aid - any substance or material, not including apparatus or

utensils, and not consumed as a food ingredient by itself, intentionally
a certain technical purpose during treatment or processing and which

may result in the non-intentional, but unavoidable presence of residues or
3.40 Sanitizing - any treatment that is effective in destroying or substantially

reducing the numbers of vegetative cells of microorganisms of public
health concern and other undesirable microorganisms.
3.41 Split production
as organic. The remainder of the property can be (a) non-organic, (b) in
3.42 Synthetic - substance that is formulated or manufactured by a chemical

process or by a process that chemically changes a substance extracted
from naturally occurring plant, animal, or mineral sources. Substances
created by naturally occurring biological processes are not considered
synthetic.
3.43 Wild harvest - plants or portions of plants, mushrooms, and honey that
natural state and are not cultivated or otherwise managed.
4.1 Minimum requirements for conversion to organic agriculture

The provisions for conversion to organic agriculture shall meet the
following requirements:
4.1.1 Crop and special product conversion requirements
4.1.1.1 The operator must follow and meet the minimum requirements of
the Philippine National Standard for Organic Agriculture from the
beginning of the conversion period onwards.
4.1.1.2 Inspection must be carried out as a prerequisite for a farm to be
inspector.
4.1.1.3 The conversion plan shall at least include:
•
crops produced, pest management practices, fertilization practices,
and animal husbandry practices;
• production practices that need to be improved during the conversion
period (e.g. crop rotation, manure management, soil conversion,
water management, animal management, pasture development
plan, pest management, environmental conditions); and
• a schedule and time limits for the progression of conversion.
5
4.1.1.4 If there is a presence of parallel/split production in the unit, the

responsible famers have to ensure:
•
lands must be put in place. Land managed organically must be
•
farming systems; and
• those converted areas are not switched back and forth from organic
and non-organic management.
4.1.1.5 Length of crop conversion period
Standard have been met:

• for annual crops: at least twelve (12) months before the start of the
production cycle;
• for perennials: at least eighteen (18) months of management
4.1.1.6 The required conversion period may be reduced for the following
conditions:
• land which have not been cultivated for the past three (3) years,
including lands used as pasture and timberland;
•
reliable means and sources. In such cases, inspection shall be carried
• farms practicing organic agriculture for at least eighteen (18)
sources. In such cases, inspection shall be carried out at least six (6)
months before the harvest.
4.1.1.7 No conversion period is required in the case of non-cultivated
land. These areas shall not be exposed to prohibited inputs for a
minimum of three (3) years.
4.1.1.8 The following are required to be submitted in order to grant
reduction of the prescribed conversion period:
•
(national or local) on non-application of prohibited inputs for the
from two (2) neighbors; and

• proof that the land was cultivated under practices allowed for
organic agriculture for the past two (2) years.
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from a piece of land, the responsible operator should ensure

separation through the following:
• a clear boundary between the organic and non-organic units;
• that the same varieties are not produced in parallel production:
organic and non-organic;
•
• that production areas are not switched back and forth from organic
and non-organic management; and
• that areas to be used for the organic production will be included in
a conversion plan.
4.1.1.10 Prolonged conversion/transition period
Lands that have been heavily treated with synthetic chemicals shall undergo
conversion for a minimum of three (3) years before the start of the production
to provide results of contaminant analysis, which include, among others,

pesticides, heavy metals, and nitrate accumulation.
4.1.1.11 Products may be sold with an indication referring to the conversion
to organic farming (in-conversion), when the full requirements of
this Standard have been met for at least six (6) months.
4.1.2 Conversion of animal and animal products
If animal products are to be sold as organic products, the animal must be
reared according to the minimum requirements set in this Standard for
organic production:
4.1.2.1 Bovine/Bubaline (Large ruminants)
Beef and Large ruminants like cattle and carabao should be

Carabeef organically reared at least 360 days before slaughter
Veal Calves to be used for meat product should be
organically reared 180 days after weaning
Milk products Milk from lactating bovine will only be considered as
organic after 90 days of organic rearing
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4.1.2.2 Sheep and Goats (Small ruminants)
Mutton and Chevon Sheep and goat should be organically reared at

least 180 days before slaughter
Milk products Milk from lactating sheep and goat will only be
considered as organic after 90 days of organic
rearing
4.1.2.3 Porcine (Pork)
Pork Swine should be organically reared at least 120

days before slaughter
4.1.2.4 Poultry/Laying Hens (Broilers and Layers)
Meat products Poultry intended for meat products should be

organically reared after 21 days from hatching
Eggs Layers should be organically reared 42 days be-
fore laying and throughout the laying period
4.1.2.5 Simultaneous conversion

If there is simultaneous conversion of the farm, including animal, pasture,
and/or any land used for animal feed, the required conversion period shall be
reduced to 18 months subject to the following conditions:
• the reduced conversion period applies only to the existing animals
and their offspring and at the same time, also to the land used for
animal feed production and pasture before starting the conversion;
and
• the animals are mainly fed with products from the farm.
4.1.3 Conversion requirements for organic beekeeping

4.1.3.1 The conversion period is 12 months for hived bee colonies.
4.1.3.2 Provision of wax for beehives
The wax used for creating honeycombs should be made from organic
beeswax. However, in cases where organic beeswax is not available, non-
organic beeswax may be used if the beeswax is free from harmful substances.
8
The provisions for organic agriculture for crop production shall meet the
following requirements:
organic, when available.
non-organic seed and planting materials may be used provided that

they have not been treated with pesticides and other inputs not
permitted by this Standard.
5.1.3 Seeds and planting materials derived from tissue culture may be used
for the production of organic, disease-free planting materials.
5.1.4 Materials allowed for the treatment of seeds include the substances
listed in Annex A.
5.1.5 When the use of treated seeds is required by government authorities
or phytosanitary regulations necessary to prevent the spread of
earthquake, pest outbreaks, or other unanticipated circumstances

have occurred, causing the destruction of organic seed supply, only
then can treated seeds be used.
materials is not allowed.

5.1.7 Plant varieties should be bred to retain natural reproduction methods.
5.2.1 Organic production systems are soil-based and should care for the soil
and surrounding ecosystems in support of an increased diversity of
species, while encouraging nutrient cycling and mitigating soil and
nutrient losses.
5.2.2 Tillage and cultivation implements shall be selected and used in a
manner that maintains or improves soil physical and biological quality
and minimizes erosion.
5.2.3 Organic management does not undertake any actions that create any
heritage areas, such as forests wildlife protection areas and watershed

areas.
5.2.4 Organic management maintains and/or enhances biodiversity on the
farm holding, in crop and where applicable non-crop habitats.
9
5.3.1 The fertility and biological activity of the soil should be maintained or
increased, where appropriate, through:
• cultivation of legumes, green manures, or deep-rooting plants in an
appropriate multi-annual rotation program;
• incorporation of organic material into the soil, composted or not,
from farms which produce in accordance with this Standard; and
• use of by-products from animal production, such as farmyard
manure, provided that they come from farms producing in
accordance with this Standard.
5.3.2 Biodegradable inputs of microbial, plant, or animal origin complying
with this Standard, as listed in Annex B, must be the basis of the
fertilization program provided that it follows proper composting
methods. Any succession/addition/revision from relevant standard
setting bodies (BAFS & FDA) shall be adopted and shall be in accordance
with the criteria established in Section 12 of this Standard.
5.3.3 When supplementary application of fertilizer is needed, the materials
PNS for Organic Soil Amendments (PNS/BAFS 40:2016, Revised PNS

for Organic Fertilizer).
5.3.4 Runoff diversions or other means must be implemented to prevent
contamination of crop production areas.
5.3.5 Application of raw or undecomposed manure is not allowed. Manure
should undergo proper decomposition methods.
5.3.6 Organic and mineral (naturally mined) fertilizers and particularly
those with high risk for contamination should be applied in such a
way that it will have minimum adverse effect on the environment (e.g.
on ground and surface water). Mineral fertilizers shall be applied in
their original form and shall not be rendered more soluble by chemical
treatment.
5.3.7 Storage places of manure and compost sites should be covered or
sheltered in order to prevent leaching of nutrients and pollution of
water.
5.3.8 Fertilizer ingredients, which may have a considerable content of heavy
metals and/or other toxic substances, shall not be used.
5.3.9 Growth regulators and dyes
Only products used for regulating growth, quality, and development of plants
prepared from plants, animals, and microorganisms are allowed.
10
Commercial production should follow the minimum requirements of the PNS

for Organic Soil Amendments (PNS/BAFPS 40:2016).
5.5.1 Preventive methods such as disruption and elimination of pest habitat

and access to facilities shall be the primary mean of pest management.
5.5.2 If preventive methods are inadequate, mechanical/physical and
biological methods are preferred.
5.5.3 If mechanical/physical and biological methods are inadequate for pest
control, substances listed in Annex A are allowed. Other substances
not listed in Annex A may be allowed if these are in accordance with
the criteria established in Section 12 of this Standard.
5.5.4 The use of synthetic pesticides (e.g. herbicides, fungicides, insecticides,
moluscides, nematicides, rodenticides, etc.) is prohibited.
5.5.5 Products that may be used in the control of pests and diseases are
indicated in Annex A.
5.5.6 The release of local and acclimatized predatory insects, such as earwig
and Trichogramma, and use of microbial pest control agents, such
as bacteria (e.g. Bacillus thuringiensis), viruses (e.g. baculovirus),
and fungi (e.g. B. bassiana), are allowed. However, these are subject
to appropriate existing phytosanitary regulations and measures, as
well as national registration requirements (e.g. NCBP, BPI-PQS). The
release of such organisms should be done in such a manner that these
do not damage the natural ecosystem, and done if other pest control
measures are found ineffective.
5.5.7 Physical methods for pest, disease, and weed management are allowed.
Thermic sterilization of soils to combat pest, disease, and weed is
restricted in circumstances where a proper rotation or renewal of soil
cannot take place.
5.5.8 Farm tools and equipment should be used exclusively in organic farms.
In cases that these are not dedicated for organic production, these must
be properly cleaned and free of residues from synthetic pesticides.
5.6.1 Buffer zones should be established to minimize contamination from

non-organic farms. These may include, but are not limited to, multi-
5.6.2 Products from buffer zones must not be sold as organic.

5.6.3 In cases of reasonable suspicion of pollution, an analysis of the relevant
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products, crops, and/or soil should be done.

5.6.4 Methods for pollution control and contamination management should
follow at least the minimum requirements of Republic Act 9003: The
Solid Waste Management Act.
5.7.1 Relevant measures should be taken to prevent soil erosion and

ensure water conservation. Appropriate conservation measures,
including management practices such as grass waterways, contour
mulch, and cover crops to prevent wind and water erosion, must be
established. Reasonable water conservation measures must be taken
to avoid excessive exploitation and depletion of water resources.
5.7.2 Appropriate measures shall be taken to prevent salinization and
5.7.3 Land clearing through burning is prohibited, as per Republic Act 8749
or the Clean Air Act of 1999.
5.8.1 The diversity of crops and cropping systems on organic farms should
sustain and promote diversity that is suited to local agro-ecosystem.
cropping, relay cropping, and multi-story cropping may be used.
and the gatherer/operator managing such practices must be familiar

with the proper methods of collection and contamination prevention.
5.9.2 Products of non-cultivated materials and minor forest products can
harvest. These collection areas are subject to regular inspection.
stable-growing environment. Harvesting or gathering the product

shall not exceed the sustainable yield of the ecosystem or threaten its
ecological balance. The collection of plants or parts thereof does not
disturb the stability of the natural habitat or the maintenance of the
species in the collection area.
5.9.4 Organic wild harvest management excludes systems that harvest
prohibited by law.
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5.9.5 The collection or harvest area shall be at an appropriate distance from

non-organic farming or other sources of pollution and contamination.
5.9.6 The operator who manages the harvesting or gathering of common
6.1.1 Management of the environment of the animals shall take into account
the behavioral needs of the animals and provide for:
•
•
the animals;
• protection against excessive sunlight, temperatures, rain, and wind
according to the needs of the animals;
• enough lying and/or resting area according to the needs of the
animals. For all animals requiring bedding, natural materials shall
be provided;
• free access to fresh water and feeds according to the needs of the
animals; and
• access to pasture.
The competent authority may allow exceptions when the animals’
physiological state, inclement weather conditions, and topography so permit,
or the structure of certain traditional farming systems restrict access to
pasture, providing the welfare of the animals can be guaranteed.
animal systems (e.g. ‘battery-type’ cage, single pen) are prohibited.

6.1.3 Herd animals shall not be kept individually, except in cases of the
following:
• animals about to give birth or have just given birth should be
separated from other animals and should be given the necessary
veterinary attention; and
• as part of biosecurity measures, sick, injured, or disabled animals
should be separated from healthy animals and should be given the
necessary veterinary attention.
6.2.1 Breeding goals are such that animal diversity should be maintained.
Indigenous/native breeds should be preserved and promoted.
Breeding activities should take into consideration the following traits:
• a reasonable productivity level even with low external input;
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• adaptability to local conditions;

• longevity, temperament, and good health;
• breeds that are able to provide good quality traits and products; and
• ability of animals to give birth with minimal veterinary attention.
6.2.3 Breeding techniques that employ any of the activities listed below are
not allowed:
• embryo transfer;
• genetic engineering;
• treatments with reproductive hormones; and
• semen sexing.
6.2.4 The use of genetically engineered species or breeds is not allowed.
6.3.1 Mutilations are prohibited. However, the following methods are
or hygiene of the animals or for safety reasons:

• castration;
• tail cutting of lambs;
• tail-docking of pigs;
• trimming of beaks;
• de-horning;
• nose and limb ringing, for restraining; and
• cutting of teeth.
These practices should not cause sufferingand comply with existing regulatory
these practices at the most appropriate age and any suffering to the animals
is reduced to a minimum.
• tattooing;
• ear notching;
• ear tagging; and
• wing tagging.
These practices shall not cause suffering and comply with existing regulatory
14
these practices at the most appropriate age and any suffering to the animals
is reduced to a minimum.
6.3.3 Keeping the animals tethered is prohibited. However, the tethering of
animals is allowed if this is necessary for safety or welfare reasons, and
that such tethering is for a limited time only.
6.4.1 Giving due consideration to the low availability of organic feed and
roughage, the following proportion of feed ration based on the dry
matter requirement particular to each animal are allowed:
Year 1 50% non-organic feed, 50% organic feed

Year 4, onwards 100% organic feed
6.4.2 Changes in proportion of the feed ration are allowed in cases of

unforeseen severe natural or man-made events and extreme climatic
conditions.
6.4.3 For the calculation of feeding rations, feed ingredients produced on the
This refers only to feed for animals that are being produced within the farm
unit. Such feed shall not be sold or otherwise marketed as organic.
6.4.4 In the formulation of organic feed, the following ingredients/
rawmaterials are not allowed:
• synthetic growth promoters or stimulants;
• synthetic appetizers;
• preservatives, except when used as a processing aid;
•
• urea and other synthetic nitrogen compounds;
• slaughter waste and other deceased animal parts;
• droppings, dung, or other manure;
• feed ingredients subjected to solvent extraction (e.g.with petroleum
products);
• synthetic and/or chemically isolated amino acids;
• genetically engineered microorganisms or products thereof;
15
• synthetic antibiotics; and

• synthetic and/or chemically isolated vitamins and minerals.
6.4.5 All animals must have daily access to forage.
6.4.6 The diet shall be offered to the animals in a form allowing them to
execute their natural feeding behavior. Forced feeding is prohibited.
6.4.7 Supplementation of vitamins and minerals is allowed for as long as
these are obtained from natural sources and there is an established
need for supplementation, as determined by a competent authority.
However, if naturally sourced vitamins and minerals are not available
6.4.8 Synthetic chemical preservatives for feeds are not allowed. The
following products listed in Annex C Part 1 may be used alternatively.
Any succession/addition/revision from relevant standard setting
bodies (BAFS & FDA) shall be adopted and shall be in accordance with
the criteria established in Section 12 of this Standard.
6.5.1 Young stock from mammals shall be provided organic milk. These
animals shall be weaned only after a minimum time that takes into
account the natural behavior of the relevant animal species.
6.5.2 However, in emergencies, the use of milk from non-organic systems
and dairy based milk substitutes are allowed, provided these do not
contain antibiotics or synthetic additives.
6.6.1 Breeding stock may be brought in from non-organic farms with a

yearly maximum of 10% of the breeder animals on the farm.
cases:
• unforeseen severe natural or man-made events;
• considerable expansion of the farm; and
• establishment of a new type of animal production on the farm or a
new breed is developed.
6.6.3 When animals are obtained from farms not complying with this
Standard, special attention must be paid to the animal health and
biosecurity and quarantine measures, as part of the Good Animal
Husbandry Practices (PNS/BAFPS 60:2008).
6.7.1 Mandatory biosecurity and quarantine procedures should be well

implemented to prevent introduction of disease into the farm and/or
to control its spread within the farm.
16
6.7.2 The farm should have a written protocol of biosecurity measures.

Proper warning signage should be provided.
6.7.3 The implementation of biosecurity measures should be continuously
monitored to assess the effectiveness of the program.
6.7.4 The farm should have the appropriate and functional lay-out and
infrastructure to ensure effective implementation of the biosecurity
measures.
undergone appropriate quarantine measures/treatment.
6.8.1 The farm owner shall take all biosecurity measures to ensure the health
and well-being of the animals through preventative animal husbandry
practices such as:
• selection of appropriate breeds or strains of animals;
• adoption of Good Animal Husbandry Practices appropriate to
the requirements of each species, such as regular exercise and
access to pasture and/or open-air runs, to encourage the natural
immunological defense of an animal to stimulate natural immunity
and tolerance to diseases;
• provision of good quality feed;
• appropriate stocking densities; and
• grazing rotation and pasture management.
6.8.2 Animal health care should be supervised by a duly licensed veterinarian.
6.8.3 The well-being of the animals is superior in the choice of treatment.
However, treatment must not be withheld for economic reasons (for
animal).
priority; however, the use of allopathic or chemotherapeutic drugs is
preventive measures are not successful as determined by the attending

duly licensed veterinarian.
6.8.5 If an animal becomes sick or injured despite preventive measures,
the animal shall be treated promptly and adequately. If necessary, in
isolation and in suitable housing/s, producers shall not withhold such
medication where it will result in the unnecessary suffering of the
animal.
6.8.6 The withdrawal period between the last administration of a restricted
veterinary drug to an animal under organic management is to be twice
17
the legal withdrawal period provided in the medical insert or, in a case
longer. Meat, eggs of laying hens, or milk from dairy cattle must not be
sold as organic during the drug administration and withdrawal period.
6.8.7 The use of antibiotics for prophylactic/preventive purposes is not
allowed; however, vaccinations are allowed for the following cases
under the direct supervision of a duly licensed veterinarian:
• when an endemic disease is known or expected to be a problem in
the region where the farm is located and where the disease cannot
be controlled by other management techniques; or
• when a vaccination is legally required.
6.8.8 The use of the following substances is prohibited:
• all steroids and other synthetic growth promoters or enhancers;
• substances of synthetic origin for production stimulation or
suppression of natural growth; and
• hormones for heat and parturition induction, and heat
synchronization.
However, such substances may be used in individual animals with
reproductive disorders/conditions as prescribed by the attending duly
licensed veterinarian.
6.8.9 Treatment records of sick animals shall be kept, clearly identifying the
animals concerned, including details of the treatment and its duration,
as well as the generic name of the active ingredient(s), indications and
contraindications, brand name, withdrawal period, batch number, and
manufacturing and expiration date of drugs used.
6.8.10 The farm operator shall keep updated and complete records of animal
health programs including disease monitoring, vaccination and de-
worming program, and other biosafety measures. Records should be
easily accessible.
6.8.11 The farm shall maintain updated records of medicine purchased and
6.8.12 Administration records shall consist of the following Veterinary

Drug Order (VDO) accompanied by a Veterinarian-Client-Patient
Relationship (VCPR):
• type of drugs or medication used;
• quantity of medicine used;
• date administered;
•
• withdrawal period; and
18
• name and license of the administering veterinarian.

6.8.13 On the basis of these records, proper corrections to production practice
should be made in order to minimize the need for the application of
allopathic medicines.
6.8.14 A maximum of three (3) treatments using allopathic medicines is
allowed per animal per year.
6.9.1 The organic integrity of animals must be maintained throughout the

entire process of transport and slaughter. Each animal or group of
process.
6.9.2 Animals shall be transported using a licensed transport carrier (DA-AO
8 Series of 2004) and accompanied by a duly licensed animal handler
(DA-AO 8 Series of 2004) responsible for the well-being of the animals
in accordance with the provisions of the Animal Welfare Act (RA 8485)
with appropriate shipping permit.
6.9.3 Animals shall always be handled or restrained in such a way to protect
them from fear, stress, pain, and injury. The handling shall be calm
and gentle. The use of electric prods and such instruments shall be
restricted.
6.9.4 Tools shall be used in a manner that minimize stress and does not
harm the animals. Sticks, canes, or electric prods should not be used
to restrain farm animals; however, these may be used for the worker’s
safety when handling aggressive animals.
effective animal management. The operators shall acquire the skills

and techniques to use the tools properly and appropriately.
6.9.6 The transport of organic animal shall be separated from conventional
and shall be well organized and appropriate to the needs of the animals,
taking into consideration the following factors:
• stress caused to the animal;
•
• process of loading and unloading;
• mixing different groups of animals or animals of different sex;
•
• equipment used;
• extreme temperatures and relative humidity; and
• hunger and thirst.
19
6.9.7 Appropriate measures such as separate schedule of stocking during

pre-slaughter and separate schedule or facility shall be implemented
during slaughter to prevent commingling and contamination of organic
with conventional animals. Separate slaughterhouse for organic is
recommended.
6.10.1 Manure management practices used to maintain any area in which

animals are housed, penned, or pastured should be implemented in a
manner that:
• minimizes soil and water degradation;
•
nitrates;
• optimizes recycling of nutrients; and
• does not include burning or any practice inconsistent with organic
practices.
6.10.2 All manure storage and handling facilities, including composting
facilities, should be designed, constructed, and operated to prevent
contamination of ground and/or surface water.
6.10.3 Manure production rates should be at levels that do not contribute to
ground and/or surface water contamination. The competent authority
may establish maximum application rates for manure or stocking
densities. The timing of application and application methods should
not increase the potential for run-off into ponds, rivers, and streams.
6.11.1 Housing for animals will not be mandatory in areas with appropriate
climatic conditions to enable animals to live outdoors.
weather, when the health, safety, and well-being of the animal could be
jeopardized, or to protect plant, soil, and water quality.
6.11.3 The stocking density in buildings should:
• provide for the comfort and wellbeing of the animals having regard
for the species, breed, and age of the animals;
• take into account the behavioral needs of the animals with respect
to the size of the group and the sex of the animals; and
•
down easily, turn round, groom themselves, and assume all natural
6.11.4 Housing, pens, equipment, and utensils should be properly cleaned

and disinfected to prevent infection and contamination using the
allowed cleaning materials, as listed in Annex C Part 2. Any succession/
20
addition/revision from relevant standard setting bodies (BAFS &

FDA) shall be adopted and shall be in accordance with the criteria
established in Section 12 of this Standard.
6.11.5 The outdoor stocking density of animals kept on pasture, grassland, or
other natural or semi-natural habitats must be kept at an optimum level
as to prevent degradation of the soil and over-grazing of vegetation.
The honey bee species preferred for use in organic beekeeping include Asian
Honeybees, Apis dorsata dorsata, Apis dorsata breviligula,and Apis cerana,
and Stingless honeybees, Tetragonula spp. and Lepidotrigona spp. The exotic
honeybee species, Apis mellifera, may also be considered.
The hives shall consist primarily of natural materials and present no risk of
contamination to the environment or the bee products. Use of construction
materials with potentially toxic effects (e.g. treated lumber) is prohibited.
7.3.1 Wild and hived colonies should be located in organically managed
and GMO crops. For stingless bees, 500 meter radius is recommended.
predation, or habitat disturbance, the location should be recorded

showing also the dates of transfer, location, and number of colonies.
7.3.3 Nests of wild or feral colonies of honeybees, Apis dorsata dorsata
and Apis dorsata breviligula, and stingless bees, Tetragonula spp. and
Leptotrigona
sites and foraging areas.
Mutilations, such as clipping of the wings of queen bees, are prohibited.
Supplemental feeding with honey, pollen, or organic sugar should be done
should come from organic sources such as reserves of honey and pollen left
during harvesting.
7.6.1 Importation is not allowed for Apis cerana, stingless bees, and solitary
bee species.
21
7.6.2 The starter colonies should be sourced from apiaries that are free
from pests (mites, hive beetles) and diseases (American Foul Brood,
European Foul Brood, Virus diseases, fungal diseases). Importation of
Apis mellifera queens may be allowed from countries with no known
Africanized Honey Bee (AHB) populations and colony collapse disorder
(CCD).
7.7.1 The health and welfare of the hive shall be primarily achieved by
hygiene and hive management.
7.7.2 For pest and disease control, the following are allowed:
• lactic acid, formic acid;
• oxalic acid, acetic acid;
• sulfur;
• natural essential oils (e.g. menthol, eucalyptol, camphor);
• Bacillus thuringiensis; and
•
7.7.3 Colonies infected with American Foul Brood should be destroyed

through burning. The use of antibiotics is prohibited. For disease and
pest control, the following products may be used:
• formic acid;
• lactic acid;
• sucrocide; and
• botanicals.
7.7.4 Cleaning and disinfection should be done using heat such as blowtorch
7.8.1 The use of chemical synthetic repellents is prohibited during extraction

of beekeeping products.
7.8.2 The Moisture Content (MC) of ripe honey should be from 21 to 23%.
Twenty percent (20%) of the honey comb or stores should be reserved and
not cut. These serve as food reserve of the bees during the dearth period.
7.10.1 Processing equipment is thoroughly cleaned with hot water prior to

processing.
7.10.2 Surfaces in direct contact with the honey are constructed from
sterilized materials.
22
7.10.3 Honey should be packed in sterilized food grade containers.
The provisions for organic agriculture shall be applicable for special products
and shall meet the following requirements:
8.1.1 Substrate materials for the production of mushrooms must be free

of pollutants, contaminants (e.g. heavy metals and pesticides), and
pathogens.
8.1.2 Chemical pesticides, fungicides, herbicides, or fertilizers must not be
used.
8.1.3 Clean and uncontaminated water must be used in the production of
mushrooms.
8.2.1 Over-harvesting wild herbs must be avoided to ensure the sustainability

of the species concerned.
8.2.2 Only herbs in their prime shall be harvested.
neither shall they be dried in locations prone to contamination.
depending on the product and process.
The integrity of the organic product must be maintained throughout the

processing phase. This is achieved by the use of techniques appropriate to
Compliance to the relevant regulatory requirements (i.e. Good Manufacturing

Practices) and compliance to relevant regulatory agencies (BAI, BPI, FDA,
NMIS, DENR, and LGUs) should be met in conjunction with the requirements
of this Standard.
The provisions for organic agriculture for processing shall meet the following
requirements:
9.1.1 Organic produce shall neither be mixed nor switched with non-organic
produce. Handlers and processors shall not commingle organic
products with non-organic products.
9.1.2 Processing and handling of organic and non-organic products must be
23
done separately in time and/or place.

9.1.3 When equipment is not exclusively used for organic products, the
equipment should be properly cleaned before processing organic
products.
9.2.1 Organic and non-organic products shall not be stored and transported
together except when physically separated and labeled.
9.2.2 Product integrity should be maintained during any storage and
transportation and handling by use of the following precautions:
• organic products must be protected at all times from commingling
with non-organic products; and
• organic products must be protected at all times from contact with
materials and substances not permitted for use in organic farming
and handling.
these guidelines should be stored and handled separately and both
9.2.4 Bulk stores for organic product should be separate from non-organic
product stores and clearly labeled to that effect.
9.2.5 Storage areas and transport containers for organic product should be
cleaned using methods and materials permitted in organic production.
Measures should be taken to prevent possible contamination from any
pesticide or other treatment.
For pest management and control, the following measures, in order of

preference, should be used:
a) preventative methods, such as disruption and elimination of habitat
and access to facilities by pest organisms, should be the primary
methodology of pest management;
should be mechanical/physical and biological methods; and

c) if mechanical/physical and biological methods are inadequate for
pest control, substances appearing in Annex A (or other substances
allowed for use by a competent authority) may be used provided
that they are accepted for use in handling, storage, transportation, or
processing facilities by the competent authority and so that contact
with organic products is prevented. Any succession/addition/revision
from relevant standard setting bodies (BAFS & FDA) shall be adopted
24
and shall be in accordance with the criteria established in Section 12

of this Standard.
9.4.1 In cases where an ingredient of organic agricultural origin is not
raw materials can be used to the limits set in labeling stated in this
Standard. These raw materials shall not be genetically engineered.
9.4.2 The same ingredient in one product shall not be derived from both an
organic and non-organic origin.
9.4.3 The use of vitamins and minerals shall be in accordance with Republic
minerals (including trace elements), vitamins, essential fatty acids,

essential amino acids, and other isolated nutrients when their use is
legally required or strongly recommended by the competent authority
in the food products in which they are incorporated.
9.5.1 Substances used as processing aids are listed in Annex E. Any

succession/addition/revision from relevant standard setting bodies
(BAFS & FDA) shall be adopted and shall be in accordance with the
criteria established in Section 12 of this Standard.
9.5.2 Only natural ripening agents are allowed, for as long as their application
will not deceive consumers of the nature, substance, and quality of the
product.
9.5.3 Additives and processing aids shall be used under the following
conditions:
• if the purpose is to maintain the nutritional value of a product;
• if the purpose is to enhance the keeping quality or stability of the
product;
• if the purpose is to provide the product with an acceptable
composition, consistency, and appearance;
• there is no possibility of producing a similar product without the
use of the additive or processing aid;
• it is not included in amounts greater than the minimum required
to achieve its function;
• it does not in any major way detrimentally affect the environment;
and
• it shall not deceive the consumer, concerning the nature, substance,
and quality of the food.
25
9.5.4 The use of salt and water must comply with the FDA regulations such
as Republic Act No. 8172, PNS for drinking Water, DOH-AO 2007-001,
and the FDA Bureau Circular No. 2007-009.
9.5.5 Preparations of microorganisms and enzymes normally used in
food processing may be used, except for genetically engineered
microorganisms and their products.
9.6.1 Techniques used to process organic products shall be biological,

physical, and mechanical in nature. Any additive, processing aid,
or other material that reacts chemically with organic products or
with noted restrictions.Any succession/addition/revision from

relevant standard setting bodies (BAFS & FDA) shall be adopted and
shall be in accordance with the criteria established in Section 12 of this
Standard.
9.6.2 Filtration equipment shall not contain asbestos or utilize techniques
or substances that may contaminate the product. Filtration agents are
considered processing aids.
9.6.3 Extraction shall only take place with water, ethanol, oil, CO2, N2, or
naturally occurring acids or bases provided that they are used in
appropriate quantity and process.
9.6.4 The use of ionizing radiation is not allowed for any ingredient or the
9.6.5 Substances and techniques shall not be used such that:

• these reconstitute properties lost by the processing and storage of
organic products;
• these conceal negligent processing;
• these may otherwise be misleading as to the true nature of these
products; and
• water may be used for re-hydration or reconstitution.
9.7.1 Operators shall take all necessary precautions to protect organic food
against contamination by substances prohibited in organic agriculture
and handling pest, disease-causing organisms, and foreign substances.
9.7.2 Substances used for cleaning or disinfection of storage, transport, and
processing facilities are listed in Annex F. Any succession/addition/
revision from relevant standard setting bodies (BAFS & FDA) shall be
adopted and shall be in accordance with the criteria established in
Section 12 of this Standard.
26
9.7.3 Operations that use cleaners, sanitizers, and disinfectants on food

contacts surfaces shall use them in a way that maintains the organic
integrity of the food. Unless otherwise noted in the Annex F, the
operator is required to perform an intervening event between the
use of any cleaners, sanitizers or disinfectant and the contact of the
organic food in that surface. Acceptable intervening events include a
organic product, or adequate time for the substances to volatilize.

9.7.4 Operators shall prevent the residues of boiler water additives from
traps, or other means that prevent steam in contact with organic foods
from carrying such compounds.
9.7.5 Handlers and processors shall make a plan and maintain a report
handling and processing operations. This report should include a list

of the cleaning, disinfecting, and sanitizing agents currently used in
9.8.1 Organic products must be not packed in reused bags or containers

that have been in direct contact with any substance that would likely
compromise the integrity of the product or ingredient placed in those
containers, unless reusable bags or containers have been thoroughly
cleaned and pose no risk of contamination.
9.8.2 Plastic materials made of plastic and paper should be from virgin
materials while packaging materials made of glass shall be sterilized
before use. Use of packaging materials from biodegradable, recycled,
or recyclable sources is encouraged.
10.1.1 Labeling fully discloses ingredients in the order of their weight

percentages and whether or not they are organic. Furthermore, food
ingredient declaration and naming of additives shall be in accordance
with the latest FDA Guidelines for food labeling of pre-packaged foods.
As an exemption:
If herbs and/or spices constitute less than 2% of the total weight of the product,
they may be listed as “spices” or “herbs”.
the body that assures conformity to the applicable organic standard.
27
the product contains 95%, higher organic ingredients. Claims that
terms are made only if the product contains 95%-70% organic
organic origin, the indication that an ingredient is organic may appear
These percentages are measured by weight for solids or by volume

for liquids- excluding water and salt. The remaining non-organic
ingredients from agricultural and non-agricultural sources shall not
listed in Annex E.
10.1.4 Labeling clearly distinguishes in-conversion products or similar terms
from organic products. Labeling ensures that products labeled as
ecological), comply with the applicable organic standards.
labeled as organic.
or code is placed on the site and recorded on a property map. The site
name or code is recorded on all documents and records that refer to
the site.
11.2 Operators shall maintain purchase, handling, and processing records,
also stock inventory of all materials used for organic production,
11.3 Documentation and records shall clearly identify the source, movement,
use, and inventory of organic from non-organic materials at all stages
of production/processing and handling.
11.4 Records, documentation, and accounts shall provide traceability and
be made available to the competent authority and certifying bodies for
11.5 Abovementioned records (including those related to use of sub-
28
12.1 At least the following criteria should be used for the purposes of
amending the permitted substance lists referred to in the Annexes
A, B, C, E, and F. Any proposals for the inclusion in Annex C of new
substances must meet the following general criteria:
• they are consistent with principles of organic production as outlined
in this Standard;
• use of the substance is necessary/essential for its intended use;
• manufacture, use, and disposal of the substance does not result in,
or contribute to, harmful effects on the environment;
• they have the lowest negative impact on human or animal health
and quality of life; and
•
or quality.
12.2 The above criteria are intended to be evaluated as a whole in order to

protect the integrity of organic production. In addition, the following
criteria should be applied in the evaluation process:
a) if they are used for fertilization, soil conditioning purposes:
• they are essential for obtaining or maintaining the fertility of the
by the practices included in Annex A, or other products included in

Annex B;
• the ingredients will be of plant, animal, microbial, or mineral origin
and may undergo the following processes: physical (e.g. mechanical,
thermal), enzymatic, microbial (e.g. composting, fermentation);
only when the above processes have been exhausted, chemical
processes may be considered and only for the extraction of carriers
and binders;
• their use does not have a harmful impact on the balance of the soil
ecosystem or the physical characteristics of the soil, or water and
air quality; and
•
b) if they are used for the purpose of plant disease or pest and weed
control:
• they should be essential for the control of a harmful organism or
29
a particular disease for which other biological, physical, or plant

breeding alternatives and/or effective management practices are
not available;
• their use should take into account the potential harmful impact on
the environment, the ecology (in particular non-target organisms),
and the health of consumers, livestock, and bees;
• substances should be of plant, animal, microbial, or mineral origin
and may undergo the following processes: physical (e.g. mechanical,
thermal), enzymatic, microbial (e.g. composting, digestion);
• however, if they are products used in exceptional circumstances,
in traps and dispensers such as pheromones which are chemically
synthesized, they will be considered for addition to lists if the
form, provided that the conditions for their use do not directly or
indirectly result in the presence of residues of the product in the
edible parts; and
•
c) if they are used as additives or processing aids in the preparation or

preservation of the food:
• these substances are used only if it has been shown that, without
having to recourse to them, it is impossible to:
a. produce or preserve the food, in the case of additives, or
b. produce the food, in the case of processing aids, in the
guidelines; these substances are found in nature and

may have undergone mechanical/physical process (e.g.
extraction, precipitation), biological/enzymatic processes,
and microbial processes (e.g. fermentation)
• or, if these substances mentioned above are not available from
those substances that have been chemically synthesized may be

considered for inclusion in exceptional circumstances;
• their use maintains the authenticity of the product;
• the consumer will not be deceived concerning the nature, substance,
and quality of the food; and
• the additives and processing aids do not detract from the overall
quality of the product.
30
REFERENCES
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ASEAN Standard for Organic Agriculture (ASOA).
CAC. 1999. Codex Alimentarius Commission Standards for Organic Agriculture

3rd edition.
CAC. Codex Alimentarius Commission The General Principles for the Addition
of Essential Nutrients to Foods.
European Union. 2007. Council regulation (EC) No 834/2007 on organic

production and labelling of organic products and repealing Regulation
(EEC) No 2092/91.
European Union. 2008. Commission regulation (EC) No 889/2008 on laying

down detailed rules for the implementation of Council regulation (EC) No
834/2007 on organic production and labelling of organic products with
regard to organic production, labelling and control.
IFOAM. 2012. International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements

(IFOAM) Norms for Organic Production and Processing 2012.
PAES. 2001. Philippine Agricultural Engineering Society (PAES) 401:2001.
PCAARRD. 2001. The Philippine Recommends for Forage and Pasture Crops.
Series # 12D.
USDA. USDA National Organic Program Standards for Organic Agriculture.
31
ANNEXES
I. CROP PROTECTANTS
Chitin nematicides
Coffee grounds
Corn gluten meal
Natural acids (e.g. vinegar)
Preparations/products from Neem
(Azadirachta spp.)
Fermented product from Aspergillus
Plant and animal oils
Natural farming preparations (plant extracts)
such as Fishtail palm extracts
Plant based repellents such as fermented plant
juice, marigold.
Preparations of Chrysanthemum The addition of synthetic Piperonyl
cinerariaefolium. butoxide to Chrysanthemum preparation
is prohibited
Preparations from Quassia amara
Preparations of Rotenone from Derris elliptica, The substance should be used in such
Lonchocarpus, Thephrosia spp.)
waterways.
Preparations from Ryania speciosa
or authority.
Spinosad Use only where measures are taken to
minimize the risk to parasitoids and to
minimize the risk of development of
resistance.
Need prescription and application rates
recognized by competent authority
Sabadilla
Tobacco tea (pure nicotine is prohibited) Need to be recognized by the competent
authority
Chloride of lime
32
Copper salts (e.g. sulfate, hydroxide, Need, prescription and application rates
oxychloride, octanoate, cuprous oxide,
Bordeaux mixture and Burgundy mixture) authority.
As a fungicide on condition that the
substance is used in such a way as to
minimize copper accumulation in the soil.
Restricted to a maximum application of 6
kg/ha per year
Diatomaceous earth Need to be recognized by the competent
authority
Need to be recognized by the competent
authority
Sodium bicarbonate
Calcium hydroxide (hydrated lime) For foliar application only
Potassium bicarbonate
Potassium permanganate Need to be recognized by the competent
authority
Iron phosphates Need to be recognized by the competent
authority
Calcium Oxide (Quicklime)
Sulfur (in elemental form) Other forms need to be recognized by the
competent authority
Fungal preparations (e.g.
anisopliae, Trichoderma harzianum, Beauveria
bassiana)
Bacterial preparations (e.g. Bacillus
thuringiensis, spinosad)
Release of parasites (e.g. Trichogramma sp.),
predators (e.g. ladybird beetle, earwig and
lacewing) and sterilized insects
Viral preparations (e.g. granulosis virus,
Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV), etc.)
Potassium soap (soft soap)
Rodenticides Should come from natural origin.
Sulfur dioxide
Thermal controls
Traditional preparations (of non-synthesized
chemical nature) based on natural products
Physical methods (e.g. chromatic traps,
mechanical traps)
Mineral oils Need to be recognized by the competent
authority.
33
Mulches (including plastic mulch), nets

Pheromones and attractants Use in traps and dispensers only
Preparations on the basis of metaldehyde As far as applied in traps.
containing a repellent to higher animal species
II. GROWTH REGULATORS
Algal preparations As far as obtained by:
(i) physical processes
(ii) extraction with water or potassium
hydroxide solutions,
(iii) fermentation.
Beeswax
Dairy products (e.g. milk, casein)
Seaweed, seaweed meal, seaweed extracts Subject to BFAR regulations
Gelatine
Lecithin
Extract from mushroom (Shiitake fungus)
Propolis
Ethylene
pineapples.
As sprouting inhibitor for potatoes
and onions: Need recognized by the
competent authority for sprout inhibition
of stored potatoes and onions where
varieties that have long dormancy
characteristics are not available, or these
varieties are not suited to local growing
conditions.
Must be used in a manner that minimizes
exposure to operators and workers for
ripening of kiwifruit, bananas, and other
tropical fruit.
Potassium hydrogen carbonate
III. SEED TREATMENTS
Wood ash
Clay (e.g. bentonite, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite)
Silicates (e.g. sodium silicates, quartz)
Carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas
Ethyl alcohol
IV. GROWTH REGULATOR AND SEED TREATMENT
34
Mineral powders (stone meal)

V. CROP PROTECTANT AND SEED TREATMENT
Sterilized insect males to be used transferred
under crop protectant category
Sea-salt and salty water
VI. CROP PROTECTANT, GROWTH REGULATOR AND SEED TREATMENT
Herbal and biodynamic preparations
Soda
Sterilized insect males
Homeopathic and Ayurvedic preparations
Animal manure (including dried), slurry, urine, The use of factory farm manure is
compost only permitted if it undergoes full
decomposition (e.g. composting/
fermentation) and needs recognition from
the competent authority. However, the
use of pig and poultry (raised in battery
cages) manure shall be subjected to the
competent authority’s regulation.
Guano Rate of extraction is subject to DENR
regulations
Blood meal, bone, and other meal brought in Origin of materials should be disease-free
from other sources and without preservatives
products, wool, fur, hair, dairy products

Biodegradable processing by-products, plant By-products should not come from GM
or animal origin, e.g. by-products of food, feed, sources
oilseed, brewery, distillery, sugar press mud/ (Not treated with synthetic additives)
mud press or textile processing Without synthetic additives and residues
By-products from oil, palm, coconut and cocoa
(including empty fruit bunch, coir, husks, -palm
cocoa pods
Crop residues (straw, peanut hulls, etc.)
Mulches from sugar cane trash, straw, etc.
Green manure and green leaf manure
Azolla
35
Wood, bark, sawdust, wood shavings, wood ash, Should not be treated by synthetic
wood charcoal, wood/bamboo vinegar chemical
Calcium lignosulfate Recognized by the competent authority
Seaweed and seaweed products and by- Subject to BFAR regulations
products, algae
Peat Excluding synthetic additives; permitted
for seed, potting module composts.
Not permitted as a soil conditioner.
Plant preparations and extracts
Compost made from ingredients listed in this
appendix, spent mushroom waste, humus from
worms and insects and vermiculture substrate
Kitchen waste
Segregated biodegradable market waste Has undergone proper segregation, and
does not contain hazardous materials
Naturally occurring biological organisms e.g.
worms
Basic slag Recognized by the competent authority

Calcareous and magnesium amendments Recognized by the competent authority
Limestone, marl, maerl, chalk, sugar beet lime Recognized by the competent authority
Calcium chloride solution Only from natural sources/origin
Chloride of lime Only from natural sources/origin
Gypsum (calcium sulphate) Only from natural sources/origin
Magnesium rock, kieserite and Epsom salt Only from natural sources/origin
(magnesium sulfate)
Rock potash, mined potassium salts (e.g. Less than 60% chlorine
kainite, sylvinite)
Sulphate of potash (e.g. patenkali) Obtained by physical procedures but
not enriched by chemical processes to
increase its solution
Sulfur Allowed if from natural source
Sedimentary rocks (limestone, dolomite, rock Cadmium should not exceed 90mg/kg
phosphate) P2O5
May contain elevated levels of trace
elements. Detailed chemical analysis is
necessary.
Their widespread extraction can also
deplete the natural deposits and may
cause negative environmental impact.
Rate of extraction is subject to DENR
regulations.
36
Pulverized rock, stone meal May contain elevated levels of trace

elements. Detailed chemical analysis is
necessary.
Their widespread extraction can also
deplete the natural deposits and may
cause negative environmental impact.
Rate of extraction is subject to DENR
regulations.
Clay (e.g. bentonite, perlite, vermiculite, zeolite)
Sodium chloride Only mined salt
Trace elements (e.g. boron, copper, iron, Need recognized by the competent
manganese, molybdenum, zinc) authority
Stillage and stillage extract Ammonium stillage excluded
Aluminum calcium phosphate Cadmium should not exceed 90mg/kg
P2O5
Biodegradable processing by-products of

microbial origin, e.g. by-products of brewery or
distillery processing
Microbial preparations (i.e. Trichoderma,
, others) of non-GMO
origin
Biodynamic and Agnihotra preparations
1) Feedstuffs of plant origin from non-organic sources, such as but not limited to, can
only be used, if they are produced or prepared without the use of chemical solvents
or chemical treatment:
1.1. Cereals, grains, their products and by-products. The following substances are
as grains, protein and middling; rice as grains, rice broken, bran, and germ
expeller; millet as grains; rye as grains, middling, feed and bran; sorghum as
grains; wheat as grains, middling, bran, gluten feed, gluten and germ; spelt as
grains; triticale as grains; maize as grains, bran, middling, bran, germ expeller
and gluten; malt culms; brewers’ grains.
1.2. Oil seeds, oil fruits, their products and by-products. The following substances
are included in this category: Rape seed, expeller, and hulls; soya bean as
as seed and seed expeller; linseed as seed and expeller; sesame seed as seed
and expeller; palm kernels as expeller; turnip rape seed as expeller and hulls;
pumpkin seed as expeller; olive pulp (from physical extraction of olives).
1.3. Legume seeds, their product and by-products. The following substances, but
not limited to, are included in this category: Chick peas as seeds; ervil as seeds;
chickling vetch as seeds submitted to an appropriate heat treatment; peas as
seeds, middling, and bran; broad beans as seeds, middling and bran; horse
beans as seeds, vetches as seeds and lupin as seeds. (mungbean, peanut, and
37
other native legumes)

1.4. Tuber roots, their products and by-products. The following substances, but
not limited to, are included in this category: Sugar beet pulp, dried beet,
potato, sweet potato as tuber, manioc as roots, potato pulp (by-product of the
extraction of potato starch), potato starch, potato protein and tapioca.
1.5. Other seeds and fruits, their products and by-products. The following
substances, but not limited to, are included in this category: Carob pods, citrus
pulp, apple pomace, tomato pulp, and grape pulp.
1.6. Forages and roughages. The following substances, but not limited to, are
included in this category: Lucerne, lucerne meal, clover, clover meal, grass
(obtained from forage plants), grass meal, hay, silage, straw of cereals, and root
vegetables for foraging.
1.7. Other plants, their products and by-products. The following substances, but
not limited to, are included in this category: Molasses as a binding agent in
compound feeding stuffs, seaweed meal (obtained by drying and crushing
seaweed and washed to reduce iodine content), powders and extracts of
plants, plant protein extracts (solely provided to young animals), spices and
herbs.
2) Feedstuffs of mineral origin trace elements, vitamins, or provitamins, such as but
not limited to, can only be used if they are of natural origin. In case of shortage
analogic substances may be used.
2.1. Feedstuffs of mineral origin, and trace elements:
2.1.1. Sodium: 2.1.2. Calcium:
Lithotamnion and maerl
Coarse rock salt Shells of aquatic animals
Sodium sulphate
Sodium carbonate Calcium carbonate
Sodium bicarbonate Calcium lactate
Sodium chloride Calcium gluconate
2.1.3. Phosphorus: 2.1.4. Magnesium:
bone dicalcium phosphate precipitate anhydrous magnesia
magnesium sulphate
magnesium chloride
phosphate magnesium carbonate
2.1.5. Sulphur: 2.1.6. Iron:
Sodium sulphate ferrous (II) carbonate
ferrous (II) sulphate
monohydrate
ferric (III) oxide
2.1.7. Iodine: 2.1.8. Cobalt:
calcium iodate, anhydrous cobaltous (II) sulphate
calcium iodate, hexahydrate monohydrate and/or
potassium iodide heptahydrate
basic cobaltous (II) carbonate,
monohydrate
2.1.9. Copper: 2.1.10. Manganese:
copper (II) oxide manganese (II) carbonate
basic copper (II) carbonate, manganese oxide and
monohydrate manganic oxide
copper (II) sulphate, pentahydrate manganese (II) sulfate, mono-
and/or tetrahydrate
38
2.1.11. Zinc: 2.1.12. Molybdenum:

zinc carbonate ammonium molybdate
zinc oxide sodium molybdate
zinc sulphate mono- and/or hepta-
hydrate
2.1.13. Selenium:
sodium selenate
sodium selenite.
effect. The following substances are included in this category:

2.2.1. Vitamins:
– Preferably derived from raw materials occurring naturally in feeding stuffs
– Synthetic vitamins identical to natural vitamins only for non-ruminant animals.
3)
marine animals and products derived therefore should generally not be used or, as
provided by national legislation. In any case, the feeding of mammalian material to
ruminants is not permitted with the exception of milk and milk products;
3.1. Feed materials from animal origin
3.1.1. Milk and milk products. The following substances are included in the
category:
Raw milks milk powder
skimmed milk skimmed-milk powder
buttermilk buttermilk powder
whey whey powder
whey powder low in sugar whey protein powder (extracted by
physical treatment)
casein powder lactose powder.
3.1.2. Fish, other marine animals, their products and by-products. The following
molluscan or crustacean autolysates, hydrolysate and proteolysates obtained by an

enzyme action, whether or not in soluble form, solely provided to young animals,
4) Synthetic nitrogen or non-protein nitrogen compounds shall not be used.

5)
coagulants: only natural sources, such as but not limited to, are allowed;
E 551b Colloidal silica E 559 Kaolinitic clays
E 551c Kieselgur E 561 Vermiculite
E 553 Sepiolite E 599 Perlite
E 558 Bentonite
6) Antioxidants: only natural sources are allowed;

7) Preservatives: only natural acids are allowed;
8)
natural sources are allowed;
39
9) Probiotics, enzymes and micro-organisms are allowed;

j) antibiotics, coccidiostatics, medicinal substances, growth promoters or any other
substance intended to stimulate growth or production shall not be used in animal
feeding.
Silage additives and processing aids may not be derived from genetically
only:
1. sea salt; 7. honey;
2. coarse rock salt; 8. Lactic, acetic, formic and
3. yeasts; propionic bacteria, or their natural
4. enzymes; acid product when the weather
5. whey; conditions do not allow for adequate
6. sugar; or sugar products fermentation, and with approval of
such as molasses; the competent authority.
Acetic acid Oxalic acid

Alkali carbonates Peracetic acid
Citric acid Plant oils
Cleaning and disinfection agents for Potassium hydroxide
teats and milking facilities Potassium soap
Ethanol Propolis
Honey Quicklime
Hydrogen peroxide Sodium carbonate
Isopropanol Sodium hydroxide
Lactic acid Sodium hypochlorite (household
Lime bleach)
Milk of lime Sodium soap
Natural essences of plants Water and steam
Nitric acid (dairy equipment)
period which is double of the medical insert or 24 hours, whichever is longer and of which
record keeping is required.
• Herbs are generally permitted.

• Homeopathic and anthroposophic medication from natural sources is also permitted,
as is acupuncture.
• Salves, tinctures and colored antiseptics from natural sources are permitted.
• Mineral Preparations
• Calcium borogluconate
• Calcium gluconate
• Calcium chloride
• Calcium phosphate
• Ca/ Mg mixes
• Natural iron preparation, such as nettle
• Purgatives
• Herbs such as mustard leaves
• Castor oil
40
• Forage additives
• Linseed
• Vitamins
• All non-synthetic
• Anti-diarrhea medications
• Medical charcoal
• Oak bark and / or chalk
• Electrolytes
• All, such as Ringer’s solution, physiological NaCl (0.9% saline solution), etc.
*Cattle (Brahman) 200-350 kg ------------

Native pasture 0.5-1
Legumes + native grass 1.5-2
Improved grass and legumes 2-3
*Sheep and Goats 25-30 kg ------------
**Ewe / Doe 1.50 ------------
**Ram / Buck 2.00 ------------
**Fattener 1.00 ------------
*Native pasture 5-10
*Legumes + native grass 15-20
*Improved grass and legumes 20-30
***Swine ------------
Groups of growing swine ------------
farrowing sow and piglets 7.5 per sow 2.5 per sow
Piglets over 40 days up to 30 kg 0.6 0.4
Brood pigs
*Female 2.5 1.9
*Male 10 8
Fattening pigs (kg)
*up to 50 kg 0.8 0.6
*up to 85 kg 1.2 0.8
*up to 110 kg 1.3 1
41
Indoor Floor Space Outdoor runs Perch Space

Broilers 0.09 m2/birda 0.09 m2/bird
Pullets 0.09 m2/birda 0.09 m2/bird
Layers 0.17 m2/birda 0.17 m2/bird 0.15 m per birdb
Turkey/Large 36.62 kg/m2 0.37 m2/ bird 0.41 m per birdb
birds
Note: a
Canadian Standards
b
Humane Farm Animal Care
*Maximum indoor density

Layer 6 birds/m2 4 layers/m2
Meat poultry 10 birds/m2 4 meat/m2
* European Union, UK Standard, Canadian Standard
Calcium carbonate
Tannin Wine
Tannic acid Wine, Filtration aids
Sulphur dioxide Wine
Potassium metabisulphite Wine
Lactic acid Fruit/Vegetable Concentrated fruit/vegetable
juice & fermented vegetable products
Carbon dioxide
Malic Acid (DL-)
Ascorbic acid Fruit/ Vegetable
Tocopherols Mixed natural concentrates
Lecithin Obtained without use of bleaches and organic
solvents
Citric acid Not more than 1 gram/liter. Produced by
microbial fermentation of carbohydrate
substances
Calcium citrates
Tartaric acid Wine
Sodium tartrate Cake/biscuit/confectionery
Potassium tartrate Cereal/cake/biscuit/confectionery
42
Potassium sodium tartrate

Calcium phosphate [monobasic; dibasic;
tribasic]
Ammonium phosphate Wine, Restricted to 0.3 gm/l
Alginic acid
Sodium alginate
Potassium alginate
Agar
Carrageenan
Locust bean gum
Guar gum
Tragacanth gum IFOAM accredited programme
Arabic gum Confectionery
Xanthan gum Fruit/ Vegetable/ Cake/ Biscuit
Karaya Gum
Gellan gum
Glycerol Obtained from plant origin; used as a carrier
for plant extracts
Gelatin
Pectins For jam production (non-amidated) /
Sodium carbonates Cake/Biscuit/Confectionery [Sugar]

Potassium carbonate Cereal/ Cake/ Biscuit/ Confectionery. [Fruit/
Vegetable/ Wine]
Ammonium carbonates Cereal/ Cake/ Biscuit/ Confectionery. Used as
leavening agent.
Magnesium carbonates Cereal/ Cake/ Biscuit/ Confectionery
Potassium chloride Only for frozen and canned fruit and
vegetable, ketchup and mustard
Calcium chloride Soybean/ Fruit/ Vegetable
Magnesium chloride Derived from sea water, for soybean products
Sulphuric acid Sugar, pH adjustment of water
Calcium sulphate From mined source, coagulating agent
For soybean products, confectionery and in
bakers’ yeast
Ammonium sulphate Wine, restricted to 0.3 mg/l
Sodium hydroxide For sugar processing and for the surface
treatment
43
Calcium hydroxide
Silicon dioxide (silica) Fruit/ Vegetable/ Wine
Talc
Bentonite Fruit/ Vegetable
Glucono delta-lactone Production by oxidation of D-glucose with
Beeswax
Carnauba wax
Argon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Activated carbon / Charcoal Only from vegetative sources. For use only as
Attapulgite Processing aid for plant and animal oils

Casein Wine
Cellulose Use in regenerative casings, as anti-caking
aid
Diatomaceous earth
Egg white lysozyme/ albumin
Preparations of Enzyme [Rennet; Catalase; Must be from natural sources (edible,
Lipase; Pancreatin; Pepsin; Trypsin] nontoxic plants, nonpathogenic fungi or
nanpathogenic bacteria) and not produced
from GMOs. [animal derived]
Ethanol Use as Solvent
Ethylene Fruit Used as ripening agent. Only non-
synthetic source is allowed.
Ferrous sulfate
when required by regulation.
Food coloring (Natural sources) E.g. green from pandan leaf, red from
hibiscus, yellow from turmeric
Glycerides (mono and di) For use only in drum frying of food
Isinglass Wine
Kaolin
Nut shells
Magnesium stearate
Magnesium sulfate
44
Micro-organisms Must not be from GMOs, Food grade
Minerals (including trace elements), Only approved in so far as their use is legally
vitamins, essential fatty and amino acids, required in the food products in which they
and other nitrogen compounds. are incorporated.
According to regulatory requirements.
Nutrients vitamins and minerals According to regulatory requirements
Perlite
pH adjusters [e.g. citric acid, sodium Must be from natural sources
bicarbonate, or vinegar]
Potassium hydroxide pH adjustment
Potassium iodide For iodine supplementation according to
regulatory requirements
Preparations of bark Only for sugar
Salt
Sodium acid pyrophosphate From clean sources without contamination
Vegetable oils Only as leavening agent
Vegetable oils
Wood resin
Yeast Must be organic for human consumption.
Non-organic may be used if organic is
unavailable. Growth on petrochemical
substrate and sulfate waste liquor is
prohibited. For smoked yeast, nonsynthetic
documented.
Ammonium carbonates Only for cereal products, confectionery, cakes
& biscuits
L-malic acid
Magnesium carbonates
Monocalcium phosphate
Potassium tartrate
Sodium tartrate
Potassium citrates
Sodium citrates
Sodium carbonates
45
Acetic acid Cleaning agent

Alcohol, ethyl (ethanol) Disinfection
Alcohol, isopropyl (isopropanol) Disinfection
Calcium hydroxide (slaked lime)
Calcium oxide (quicklime) Cleaning agent
Chloride of lime (calcium oxychloride,
calcium chloride, and calcium hydroxide)
Citric acid
Cyclohexylamine (BWA) Use only as boiler water additive for packing
sterilization
Diethylaminoethanol (BWA) Use only as boiler water additive for packing
sterilization
Formic acid Disinfection
Hydrogen peroxide Disinfection
Lactic acid
Natural essences of plants
Octadecylamine (BWA) Use only as boiler water additive for packing
sterilization
Oxalic acid
Ozone
Peracetic acid Use as sanitizer on food contact surfaces. Use
according to FDA limitations.
Phosphoric acid For dairy production equipment only
Cleaning agent
Plant extracts
Sodium carbonate
Calcium hypochlorite According to regulatory requirements
Chlorine dioxide According to regulatory requirements
Potassium soap According to regulatory requirements
Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) According to regulatory requirements
Sodium hypochlorite (liquid bleach) According to regulatory requirements
Sodium soap According to regulatory requirements
46
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Agriculture
Chairperson DA-BAFS
(OCCP) (OPTA)
(OCCP)
Government and Regulatory Agencies
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Fertilizer and Pesticide Authority (FPA)
Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI) Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI)
Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI) Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI)
Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI)
Academe
University of the Philippines Los Baños Benguet State University
University of the Philippines Los Baños University of the Philippines Los Baños
University of the Philippines Los Baños
Leoni Agri Corporation
Kahariam Realty and Farms
Secretariat
Layout and design by: Vicente Limsan, Jr.

Philippine National Standard: Organic Agriculture

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Philippine National Standard: Organic Agriculture

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ICS 65.

020 PNS/BAFS 07:2016

Republic of the Philippines

The Philippine National Standard for Organic Agriculture (PNS OA)

In keeping with the developments of the global organic industry,

private sector. Likewise, public consultative meetings were held in

The revision of the PNS OA was undertaken in order to achieve

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

BAFS Bureau of Agriculture and Fisheries Standards

4.1. Minimum requirements for conversion to organic -- 5

6.1. Animal husbandry management -- 13

7.1. Choice of species -- 21

9.1. Post-harvest operations -- 23

and is divided into the following parts:

3.1 Agricultural product/product of agricultural origin - any product or

and management of invasive alien species and genotypes. It is a holistic

concept of direct relevance to the sustainability of agriculture, food safety,

3.11 Commingling - intentional or unintentional mixing together or the physical

sequence so as to break weed, pest, and disease cycles and to maintain or

3.28 Inspection - examination of food or systems for control of food, raw

product testing, in order to verify that they conform to requirements. For

organic food, inspection includes the examination of the production and

3.37 Parallel production - simultaneous production, processing, or handling

3.39 Processing aid - any substance or material, not including apparatus or

a certain technical purpose during treatment or processing and which

3.40 Sanitizing - any treatment that is effective in destroying or substantially

3.42 Synthetic - substance that is formulated or manufactured by a chemical

natural state and are not cultivated or otherwise managed.

4.1 Minimum requirements for conversion to organic agriculture

4.1.1.4 If there is a presence of parallel/split production in the unit, the

Standard have been met:

reliable means and sources. In such cases, inspection shall be carried

• farms practicing organic agriculture for at least eighteen (18)

from two (2) neighbors; and

from a piece of land, the responsible operator should ensure

to provide results of contaminant analysis, which include, among others,

Beef and Large ruminants like cattle and carabao should be

4.1.2.2 Sheep and Goats (Small ruminants)

Mutton and Chevon Sheep and goat should be organically reared at

4.1.2.3 Porcine (Pork)

Pork Swine should be organically reared at least 120

4.1.2.4 Poultry/Laying Hens (Broilers and Layers)

Meat products Poultry intended for meat products should be

4.1.2.5 Simultaneous conversion

4.1.3 Conversion requirements for organic beekeeping

organic, when available.

non-organic seed and planting materials may be used provided that

earthquake, pest outbreaks, or other unanticipated circumstances

materials is not allowed.

heritage areas, such as forests wildlife protection areas and watershed

PNS for Organic Soil Amendments (PNS/BAFS 40:2016, Revised PNS

Commercial production should follow the minimum requirements of the PNS

5.5.1 Preventive methods such as disruption and elimination of pest habitat

5.6.1 Buffer zones should be established to minimize contamination from

5.6.2 Products from buffer zones must not be sold as organic.

products, crops, and/or soil should be done.

5.7.1 Relevant measures should be taken to prevent soil erosion and

cropping, relay cropping, and multi-story cropping may be used.