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    PEM Fuel Cell Modeling

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    boite1commune
    PEM Fuel Cell Modeling

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    PEM Fuel Cell Modeling

    Uploaded by

    boite1commune
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    PEM Fuel Cell Modeling

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PEM Fuel Cell Modeling

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    90 views10 pages

    PEM Fuel Cell Modeling

    Uploaded by

    boite1commune
    PEM Fuel Cell Modeling

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    PEM Fuel Cell Modeling

    with ANSYS-Fluent

    Sandeep Sovani, Ph.D.


    Director, Global Automotive Industry
    April 8, 2014

    1 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014
    Contents

    • Geometry Model
    • Physics Model
    • ANSYS-Fluent PEMFC Module
    • Model Validation with Experiments
    • Stack Simulation

    2 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014
    Geometric Model
    ANSYS-Fluent uses a Resolved Electrolyte Model
    All of the following zones are resolved, i.e. have individual meshes

    Coolant Channel
    current collector
    flow channel anode
    gas diffusion layer
    catalyst layer
    membrane electrolyte

    Not to scale!
    catalyst layer
    gas diffusion layer
    cathode
    flow channel

    current collector

    3 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014
    Geometric Model
    current collector
    Also called “bipolar plate“ or “interconnect”.
    Solid material, e.g. graphite. Used to conduct electrons
    to/from the external circuit. Gives structural stability.
    Channel to provide fuel (anode) and oxidizer (cathode) and
    flow channel
    to transport away the reaction products.

    gas diffusion layer Porous medium to allow diffusive flow of fuel (anode) and
    oxidizer (cathode) and to permit transport of electrons.

    catalyst layer Also called “electrode“. Porous medium to allow diffusive flow
    of fuel (anode) and oxidizer (cathode) and to permit transport
    of electrons. Partially filled with catalyst material, e.g. Platinum,
    and membrane material.

    membrane
    Proton conducting polymer material, e.g. Nafion.

    Coolant Channel Coolant flow


    4 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,
    2014
    Physics Model

    Fuel Cell Modeling requires to calculate Standard ANSYS Fluent

    – fluid flow with reacting species

    – convective/conductive heat transfer (w/o radiation)

    – mass transfer

    – heterogeneous electrochemical reactions

    – transport of electric current driven by electric potential

    – multiphase flow (water condensation within the PEMFC)

    ANSYS Fluent Fuel Cell Module

    5 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014
    Physics Model
    A general purpose CFD solver is ideal for modeling
    PEM fuel cells, however, some additional sub-models are needed

    PEMFC multi-physics
    – Laminar/Turbulent/Transitional Fluid Flow
    – Heat Transfer
    General Purpose
    – Species Transport CFD Code
    – Chemical Reaction
    – Multiphase Flow
    Additional Sub-
    – Electrochemistry Models Needed
    – Electric Potentials (current transport)

    6 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014
    Physics Model

    Additional submodels needed for complex PEMFC multi-


    physics
    • Electrochemical submodel - model current density,
    voltage, species sources/sinks at the MEA surfaces
    • Electrical submodel - model current and voltage
    distribution in porous and solid conducting regions
    • MEA submodel - predict electrical losses and water
    flow in MEA
    • Porous Media Multiphase Flow submodel -model
    liquid water and oxidizer flow in porous cathode
    diffusion layer
    • Thin Film Multiphase submodel - model flow of liquid
    water in cathode gas flow passages

    7 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014
    ANSYS-Fluent PEMFC Module

    The PEMFC module is a separately licensed-managed


    add-on module
    Included with FLUENT distribution
    Fully supported and documented
    Available for SERIAL and PARALLEL Fluent

    8 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014
    ANSYS-Fluent PEMFC Module
    Fluent’s PEMFC Module can be used for
    – Single cell simulation
    – Stack simulation
    – Steady state simulation
    – Transient simulation
    – Computing current for fixed voltage
    – Computing voltage for fixed current

    One simulation per data point on the I-V curve

    9 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014
    ANSYS-Fluent PEMFC Module: Key Features
    Detailed modeling of MEA with dual potential model from
    Kulikovsky, Divisek and Kornyshev*
    Compute current/voltage from specified voltage/current
    Capabilities of modeling contact resistance and Joule heating,
    cooling channels, etc.
    Membrane water transport
    Phase change and liquid water transport in porous media,
    clogging to gas diffusion and reaction sites
    Robust solution procedure and fast convergence
    Fuel Cell Specific Graphical User Interface (GUI) set up
    * Kulikovsky et al., J. Electrochem. Soc. 147 (3) (2000) 953-959

    10 © 2011 ANSYS, Inc. November 28,


    2014

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