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    Chapter 8: Electromagnetism Notes

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    Lim Jing
    This document summarizes key concepts in electromagnetism and electricity. It explains the right-hand grip rule for determining the direction of magnetic fields. It also describes Fleming's left-hand rule and right-hand rule for determining the direction of force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. Factors that influence the magnitude of electromagnetic force and induced current are outlined. The differences between direct and alternating current are briefly mentioned along with the basic theory and design of transformers.

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    Chapter 8: Electromagnetism Notes

    Uploaded by

    Lim Jing
    49 views1 page
    This document summarizes key concepts in electromagnetism and electricity. It explains the right-hand grip rule for determining the direction of magnetic fields. It also describes Fleming's left-hand rule and right-hand rule for determining the direction of force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. Factors that influence the magnitude of electromagnetic force and induced current are outlined. The differences between direct and alternating current are briefly mentioned along with the basic theory and design of transformers.

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    SPM Physics Form 5 Chapter 3 Electromagnetism Notes

    Original Title

    Electromagnetism Notes

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    This document summarizes key concepts in electromagnetism and electricity. It explains the right-hand grip rule for determining the direction of magnetic fields. It also describes Fleming's left-hand rule and right-hand rule for determining the direction of force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. Factors that influence the magnitude of electromagnetic force and induced current are outlined. The differences between direct and alternating current are briefly mentioned along with the basic theory and design of transformers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    49 views1 page

    Chapter 8: Electromagnetism Notes

    Uploaded by

    Lim Jing
    This document summarizes key concepts in electromagnetism and electricity. It explains the right-hand grip rule for determining the direction of magnetic fields. It also describes Fleming's left-hand rule and right-hand rule for determining the direction of force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. Factors that influence the magnitude of electromagnetic force and induced current are outlined. The differences between direct and alternating current are briefly mentioned along with the basic theory and design of transformers.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chapter 8: Electromagnetism Notes

    Right-Hand Grip Rule


    • Straight wire
    • Circular coil
    • Solenoid

    Electromagnet
    • Current
    • Turns of coil
    • Core
    • Applications: relay, electric bell, telephone earpiece, crane, monorail

    Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule [electricity + magnetism = force]


    • Force (F), Magnetic field (B), Current (I)
    • Theory: catapult field
    • Factors affecting force produced:
    o magnetic field strength
    ▪ strength of magnet
    ▪ number of magnets
    ▪ distance between magnets
    o current (resistance)
    ▪ emf of power supply
    ▪ length of conductor
    ▪ thickness of conductor
    o length of conductor in magnetic field
    • Applications: moving-coil ammeter, d.c. motor

    Fleming’s Right-Hand Rule [force + magnetism = electricity] [electromagnetic induction]


    • FBI same as LHR
    • Theory:
    o Faraday’s Law – magnitude of induced emf is directly proportional to the rate at which
    the magnet cuts through the magnetic field lines
    o Lenz’s Law – direction of induced current acts to oppose the change which is causing it
    • *Factors affecting current produced*:
    o rate of movement of magnet
    o magnetic field strength (same as above)
    o number of turns in solenoid
    • Applications: d.c. generator (commutator), a.c. generator (slip ring)

    Direct current vs alternating current


    • Root mean square
    • Differences: flow direction, power loss through cable transmission, etc.

    Transformer
    • Theory: electromagnetic induction, only a.c. can be used
    • Ways to improve efficiency:
    o Use thicker copper wires – reduce resistance, reduce heat loss
    o Use soft iron core – easily magnetised and demagnetised
    o Core made from thin soft-iron sheets laminated tgt – reduce Eddy currents
    o Coils wounded closer to each other – reduce magnetic flux leakage

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