Diagrams Below Show How Evidence Suggests The Particles Are Arranged in The Three States of Matter
Diagrams Below Show How Evidence Suggests The Particles Are Arranged in The Three States of Matter
Diagrams Below Show How Evidence Suggests The Particles Are Arranged in The Three States of Matter
1 The kinetic model suggests different arrangements for the atoms or molecules in the three states of matter. The
diagrams below show how evidence suggests the particles are arranged in the three states of matter.
1 2 3
1 2 3
A Gas liquid solid
B Liquid gas solid
C Solid liquid gas
D Liquid solid gas
2 The graph shows the heating curve for a metal that is solid at room temperature (25 °C). The metal has been heated
until it turns to vapour.
B
A
Time
Which part of the graph represents the period of time when the metal is melting?
3 Two of the subatomic particles that make up an atom are the proton and the electron. What are the electrical
charges on a proton and an electron?
Proton Electron
A neutral negative
B positive negative
C negative positive
D neutral positive
1
4 Naturally occurring hydrogen consists of two different isotopes. These are 1 H and 12H. Which
diagram shows the arrangement of particles in the two isotopes?
1 2
H
1H 1
Key
e e e = an electron
P
A P P = a proton
P
n = a neutron
e
p p
B n n = nucleus
e e
P
C P
n
e e
D n p
5 Metals usually form compounds involving ionic bonding. How do metals form their ions?
A by gaining protons B by gaining electrons C by losing electrons D by losing protons
6 The boiling point of a substance is linked to the type of bonding present in the substance. Two elements X
and Y combine to form a liquid with the relatively low boiling point of 120 °C.
Which of the lines in the following table is correct?
Type of element
Type of bonding
X Y
A metal metal Covalent
B non-metal non-metal Ionic
C non-metal non-metal Covalent
7 Some non-metallic elements form covalent simple molecular structures involving a number of atoms.
Phosphorus is one of these, forming the molecule P 4. The diagram shows this covalent molecule of
phosphorus.
How many electrons in total are shared in the bonds in this molecule?
A 12 B 8 C 4 D2
8 Each element in the Periodic Table has its own chemical symbol. What are the correct symbols for the elements
chlorine, nitrogen and potassium?
9 Covalent compounds are made up of molecules held together by covalent bonds. The diagrams show
models of a water molecule, H2O, and of a carbon dioxide molecule, CO2.
A B C D
10 Which compound contains all the elements needed for a balanced fertiliser?
A) (NH4)2SO4 B) K(NH4)2PO4 C) K 2SO4 D) (NH2)2CO
11 The level of carbon dioxide in the air is a growing concern. Four chemical changes are listed below.
12 Acid rain has harmful effects on the environment. Which of the following is not an effect
of acid rain?
A damage to marble statues and buildings B rising sea levels C reduction of fish populations in
lakes D killing of tres