Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 386 views

    Multiprocessor and Multicomputers

    Uploaded by

    Vickey Vignesh
    A multiprocessor is a computer with multiple processors that share a single address space and memory. There are three models of multiprocessors: UMA provides uniform memory access for all processors, NUMA has non-uniform access times depending on memory location, and COMA uses caches instead of a memory hierarchy with a global address space formed from all caches. A multicomputer has multiple autonomous computers with separate processors, memories, and I/O, communicating through message passing rather than shared memory. The key differences are that multiprocessors share memory while multicomputers have distributed memory, and multiprocessors require communication between processors and memory while multicomputers do not.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Multiprocessor and Multicomputers

    Uploaded by

    Vickey Vignesh
    386 views5 pages
    A multiprocessor is a computer with multiple processors that share a single address space and memory. There are three models of multiprocessors: UMA provides uniform memory access for all processors, NUMA has non-uniform access times depending on memory location, and COMA uses caches instead of a memory hierarchy with a global address space formed from all caches. A multicomputer has multiple autonomous computers with separate processors, memories, and I/O, communicating through message passing rather than shared memory. The key differences are that multiprocessors share memory while multicomputers have distributed memory, and multiprocessors require communication between processors and memory while multicomputers do not.

    Original Description:

    different types of multiprocessors and multicomputers are described here

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    A multiprocessor is a computer with multiple processors that share a single address space and memory. There are three models of multiprocessors: UMA provides uniform memory access for all processors, NUMA has non-uniform access times depending on memory location, and COMA uses caches instead of a memory hierarchy with a global address space formed from all caches. A multicomputer has multiple autonomous computers with separate processors, memories, and I/O, communicating through message passing rather than shared memory. The key differences are that multiprocessors share memory while multicomputers have distributed memory, and multiprocessors require communication between processors and memory while multicomputers do not.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    386 views5 pages

    Multiprocessor and Multicomputers

    Uploaded by

    Vickey Vignesh
    A multiprocessor is a computer with multiple processors that share a single address space and memory. There are three models of multiprocessors: UMA provides uniform memory access for all processors, NUMA has non-uniform access times depending on memory location, and COMA uses caches instead of a memory hierarchy with a global address space formed from all caches. A multicomputer has multiple autonomous computers with separate processors, memories, and I/O, communicating through message passing rather than shared memory. The key differences are that multiprocessors share memory while multicomputers have distributed memory, and multiprocessors require communication between processors and memory while multicomputers do not.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 5

    MULTIPROCESSOR

    Multiprocessor is a computer used for processing and executes isolated


    instruction streams residing in a single address space. A wide range of
    multiprocessors are the shared memory devices, built by linking various
    processors to one or more memory banks with the help of a bus or switch.

    There are three models comes under a multiprocessor

     UMA (Uniform Memory Access)


     NON-UMA
     COMA (Cache Only Memory Architecture)

    1. UMA (Uniform Memory Access) model: This model shares physical


    memory in a uniform way between the processors where all the
    processors have an even access time to all memory words.
    2. NUMA (Non-Uniform Memory Access) model: It can be considered as
    the shared memory multiprocessor only where the access time can vary
    regarding the location of the memory word. There are two variants of NUMA
    model.

    One is in which the shared memory is physically distributed to all Processing


    elements while in the other model uses shared memory in the multiprocessor
    system.
    3. COMA (Cache-Only Memory Architecture) model: This model is
    composed by the combination of multiprocessor and cache memory. It
    changes distributed memory into caches and is an exceptional case of NUMA.
    It lacks the use of the memory hierarchy, and global address space is made up
    of combining all the caches.
    MULTICOMPUTER
    Multicomputer are the computers where the processors can carry out separate
    instruction streams and have their own individual memory. These are not capable
    of accessing the other memories attached to other processors. Most of the
    multicomputers are the distinct memory machines made by linking nodes (where
    each node includes a microprocessor and some memory).

    The NORMA model is based on multicomputer. NORMA stands for No-Remote


    Memory Access where multiple autonomous nodes containing a processor, local
    memory, linked disks and I/O peripherals communicates through passing messages
    instead of direct communication.

    Key Differences Between Multiprocessor and Multicomputer

    1. Multiprocessor is a single computer in which many processors exist. As


    against, multicomputer has multiple autonomous computers.
    2. There are many processing elements are used in the multiprocessor but they
    do not have their private individual memories instead it shares a single
    memory. In contrast, multicomputer has several processing elements along
    with its own memory and I/O resources, rather than sharing the memory it
    implements the distributed memory.
    3. Multiprocessor model needs proper communication between the processing
    elements and memory for the effective allocation of resources. Contrariwise,
    there is no interaction between the processing elements and memory resources
    is required.
    4. Multiprocessors use a dynamic network in which the communication links
    can be rearranged by setting the active switching unit of the system. On the
    contrary, the multicomputer employs static network where the connection of
    switching units is fixed and determined by direct point-to-point connections.
    5. The microprocessor is referred to as the tightly coupled systems while
    multicomputer is known as loosely coupled systems.
    Conclusion
    The Multiprocessor and multicomputer are the types of parallel computers where
    the multiprocessor has numerous processing elements using shared memory.
    Conversely, in multicomputer various autonomous computers are connected with
    each other and have their own distributed memory.

    You might also like