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    Let There Be Light!: Physical Science Week 9 Handouts

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    Benj Jamieson Duag
    This document provides information about physical science concepts related to light and waves. It defines key terms like vibration, wavelength, frequency, and medium. It discusses different types of waves like mechanical, electromagnetic, longitudinal, and transverse waves. It also covers topics like reflection, refraction, diffraction, plane mirrors, and the dual nature of light. The document describes early theories on the nature of light from Huygens, Newton, Maxwell, and Planck. It provides information on the speed of light, properties of light, and how prisms disperse white light into a rainbow of colors. Performance tasks at the end involve explaining the color of the sky and clouds, researching Li-Fi, and making a kaleidoscope.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Let There Be Light!: Physical Science Week 9 Handouts

    Uploaded by

    Benj Jamieson Duag
    21 views2 pages
    This document provides information about physical science concepts related to light and waves. It defines key terms like vibration, wavelength, frequency, and medium. It discusses different types of waves like mechanical, electromagnetic, longitudinal, and transverse waves. It also covers topics like reflection, refraction, diffraction, plane mirrors, and the dual nature of light. The document describes early theories on the nature of light from Huygens, Newton, Maxwell, and Planck. It provides information on the speed of light, properties of light, and how prisms disperse white light into a rainbow of colors. Performance tasks at the end involve explaining the color of the sky and clouds, researching Li-Fi, and making a kaleidoscope.

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    psweek9handouts-200624075225

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    This document provides information about physical science concepts related to light and waves. It defines key terms like vibration, wavelength, frequency, and medium. It discusses different types of waves like mechanical, electromagnetic, longitudinal, and transverse waves. It also covers topics like reflection, refraction, diffraction, plane mirrors, and the dual nature of light. The document describes early theories on the nature of light from Huygens, Newton, Maxwell, and Planck. It provides information on the speed of light, properties of light, and how prisms disperse white light into a rainbow of colors. Performance tasks at the end involve explaining the color of the sky and clouds, researching Li-Fi, and making a kaleidoscope.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views2 pages

    Let There Be Light!: Physical Science Week 9 Handouts

    Uploaded by

    Benj Jamieson Duag
    This document provides information about physical science concepts related to light and waves. It defines key terms like vibration, wavelength, frequency, and medium. It discusses different types of waves like mechanical, electromagnetic, longitudinal, and transverse waves. It also covers topics like reflection, refraction, diffraction, plane mirrors, and the dual nature of light. The document describes early theories on the nature of light from Huygens, Newton, Maxwell, and Planck. It provides information on the speed of light, properties of light, and how prisms disperse white light into a rainbow of colors. Performance tasks at the end involve explaining the color of the sky and clouds, researching Li-Fi, and making a kaleidoscope.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    PHYSICAL SCIENCE WEEK 9 HANDOUTS

    Let there be Light!


    VIBRATION A wiggle in time. A vibration cannot exist in one instant,
    but needs time to move back and forth.

    WAVES

    Is a wiggle in space and time. It cannot exist in one place but must
    extend from one place to another.
    Wave Properties
    Are disturbances propagating in a medium or in vacuum, carrying
    energy with them. REFLECTION the bouncing back of a wave when it reaches the
    boundary of the medium through which it is traveling
    MEDIUM The matter or space through which a wave travels.
    LAW OF REFLECTION the angle of incidence is equal to
    KINDS OF WAVES the angle of reflection
    MECHANICAL WAVES Are waves that need a medium to propagate.
    Sound, Ripples, Earthquake, Tsunami, Guitar, Stadium Noise REFRACTION the bending of a wave as it passes obliquely from one
    medium into another of different propagation speed
    ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES Are waves that can propagate in a
    vacuum. Visible light, microwave, radio wave, infrared, x-rays, UV DIFFRACTION the spreading of a wave around a barrier or through
    and gamma rays an opening

    All e/m waves travel through free space at a speed of approximately Plane Mirrors
    300,000 km/s. This speed is known as the speed of light.
    Are normally used to look at oneself. It produces an image that is
    TYPES OF WAVES upright and has the same size as the object. But the image is
    laterally reversed, that is, the actual right becomes the left and the
    actual left becomes the right.

    SPOON A shiny spoon is a double-sided mirror, having both a


    concave (front) and a convex (back) surface.

    LONGITUDINAL WAVES The displacement of the particles of the


    medium is parallel to the direction of wave propagation.

    TRANSVERSE WAVES The displacement of the particles of the


    medium is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
    CONCAVE MIRROR Converges reflected light and
    SURFACE WAVES A combination of transverse and longitudinal may produce an inverted image depending on the
    waves. distance of the object in it.

    CHARACTERISTICS OF WAVES FRONT OF THE SPOON Thus, when a person looks


    at herself in the front part of the spoon, he sees an
    PHASE related to the position and motion of the particles of the inverted image. As he moves the spoon closer, this inverted image
    medium becomes bigger.
    AMPLITUDE the maximum displacement of a particle of the medium CONVEX MIRROR Diverges reflected light and
    from the rest or equilibrium position denoted by A and measured in always forms an image that is upright and smaller
    units of length than the object.
    WAVELENGTH the distance between identical parts of the wave. BACK OF THE SPOON Thus, the image viewed
    denoted by lambda (inverted y) and measured in units of length from the back part of the mirror is upright and
    In a transverse wave, it can be the distance between two successive smaller than the person.
    troughs or two successive crests.
    THEORIES ON THE NATURE OF LIGHT
    FREQUENCY the number of complete vibrations per unit time. In
    transverse wave, this refers to the numbers of crests or throughs. WAVE THEORY Christian Huygens – 1690. He compared light with
    denoted by f and measured in units of Hz sound waves. Light is a longitudinal wave propagating in all
    directions at a constant velocity in a medium.
    PERIOD Is the time it takes for once complete back and forth
    vibration. denoted by T and measured in units of time The propagation of light in a vacuum is explained by assuming the
    presence of a hypothetical medium called ether. He also suggested
    VELOCITY the speed of the wave denoted by v and measured in that each color of light has a different wavelength.
    units of dist/time The speed of a wave depends on the properties of
    the medium through which it is traveling. CORPUSCULAR THEORY Isaac Newton – 1704. Light consists of
    tiny particles or corpuscles coming from a luminous object. For
    over a century, this theory prevailed over the wave theory but later
    discarded in favor of the wave theory for the ff. reasons:
    1. The emission of particles from a light source causes a
    reduction it its mass.

    2. The idea that the particles making up light have diff. sizes
    and masses were not experimentally proven.

    And 3 more reasons.

    ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY James Clerk Maxwell – End of 19th


    Century. Light is a transverse wave having electrical and magnetic
    properties.

    QUANTUM THEORY Max Planck – 1900 Light is emitted in discrete


    packets of energy called quanta. Albert Einstein referred to each
    quantum of energy as a photon

    Experiments show that light has a dual nature; as a particle and a ALL HANDWRITTEN IN A SHORT-SIZE BONDPAPER
    wave. Ascribing either the wave characteristics or particle depends Don’t forget to cite your sources
    on which property of light is explained.
    PERFORMANCE TASK 1
    THE DUAL NATURE OF LIGHT
    Answer the following:
    As light propagates, it behaves like a wave but when it interacts
    with matter, it behaves like a particle. 1. Why is the Sky blue?

    SPEED OF LIGHT 300,000 KM/S 2. Rayleigh Scattering

    The term speed of light represented by a lowercase letter c, refers to 3. Why are Clouds white?
    the speed of light in a vacuum.
    4. Mie Scattering
    Up to the 17th century, there were conflicting ideas about the speed
    5. What causes a rainbow?
    of light.

    Aristotle, Hero of Alexandria, Johannes Kepler & Rene Descartes


    believed that light travels in vacuum at an infinite speed. PERFORMANCE TASK 2
    Other scientists believed that light travels in vacuum at a finite Research about Li-Fi
    speed, which they tried to determine through experiments. (Light Fidelity).
    GALILEO’S EXPERIMENT Galileo and the Two Hilltops. The time 1. What is Li-Fi
    was so short and the distance was not long enough to enable
    Galileo to accurately determine the speed of light. He merely 2. Its difference with Wi-Fi
    concluded that light must have been traveling very fast.
    3. Benefits
    PROPERTIES OF LIGHT
    4. Applications
    1) Light travels in straight lines
    2) Light travels much faster than sound
    3) We see things because they reflect light into our eyes PHYSICAL SCIENCE PROJECT
    4) Shadows are formed when light is blocked by an object
    MAKE YOUR OWN KALEIDOSCOPE
    To be passed on or before March 19
    PRISM A prism is a piece of glass or a transparent material usually Refer to youtube videos. (500 pts in the PT)
    triangular in shape. Prisms allow visible light to pass through. In
    doing so, visible light is separated into its component colors, a
    process called dispersion.

    COLOR White light is not a single colour; it is made up of a mixture


    Prepared by:
    of the seven colours of the rainbow.

    Mr. ADRYAN J. VALIAO


    Physical Science Teacher

    • Seeing colour The colour an object appears depends on


    the colours of light it reflects. For example, a red book only
    reflects red light:

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