Governo Da Raem: Número Doc. Doc. Number Emissão Issue Data Emisão Issue Date

澳門特別行政區政府
GOVERNO DA RAEM
澳門格蘭披治大賽車委員會
COMISSÃO DO GRANDE PRÉMIO DE MACAU
T.12.1047
澳門格蘭披治大賽車新控制大樓
NOVA TORRE DE CONTROLO DO EDIFÍCIO DO GRANDE
PRÉMIO
技術規範
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
1047_PE_ES_TS_EN 第一次 1st Issue 09/01/2013

NÚMERO DOC. EMISSÃO DATA EMISÃO
文件編號 DOC. NUMBER 發行次數 ISSUE 發行日期 ISSUE DATE
489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS

INDEX
1. GENERAL.................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1. PRELIMINARIES................................................................................................................. 4
1.2. CARE OF THE WORKS.......................................................................................................5
1.3. DAMAGE AND INTERFERENCE........................................................................................5
1.4. LIAISON WITH OTHERS.....................................................................................................8
1.5. SITE CLEANLINESS........................................................................................................... 8
1.6. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT..........................................................................................9
1.7. TESTING.............................................................................................................................. 9
1.8. WORKMANSHIP AND TOLERANCES..............................................................................12
1.9. SITE ESTABLISHMENT....................................................................................................12
2. SITE CLEARANCE.................................................................................................................... 14
3. DEMOLITION WORKS.............................................................................................................. 15
3.1. GENERAL.......................................................................................................................... 15
3.2. PLANNING......................................................................................................................... 16
3.3. PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES.......................................................................................18
3.4. DEMOLITION..................................................................................................................... 25
4. PILING WORKS......................................................................................................................... 27
4.1. GENERAL.......................................................................................................................... 27
4.2. PRE-DRILLING..................................................................................................................28
4.3. SUBMISSIONS..................................................................................................................29
4.4. SETTING OUT................................................................................................................... 30
4.5. ROCK SOCKETED STEEL H-PILES.................................................................................30
4.6. DAMAGED OR DISPLACED PILES..................................................................................34
4.7. TRIMMING OF PILE HEADS.............................................................................................34
4.8. MONITORING OF GROUND AND BUILDING SETTLEMENT..........................................35
489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 2/48

4.9. TESTS................................................................................................................................ 35
4.10. AS BUILT DRAWINGS......................................................................................................39
5. EARTHWORKS......................................................................................................................... 40
5.1. GENERAL.......................................................................................................................... 40
5.2. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION........................................................................................41
5.3. EXCAVATION.................................................................................................................... 42
5.4. FILL MATERIAL................................................................................................................43
5.5. DEPOSITION OF FILL MATERIAL....................................................................................44
5.6. COMPACTION OF FILL MATERIAL.................................................................................46
5.7. COMPLETION OF EARTHWORKS SURFACES..............................................................47

1. GENERAL
1.1. PRELIMINARIES
1.1.1. Contractor shall comply with all relevant Macau legislation, standards and codes of
practice in regard to the execution of the Works.
1.1.2. Reference in this document to Engineer shall mean the Engineer in charge of
supervising the works and representing the Client.
1.1.3. Throughout this document, reference is made to local and international standards.
Although dated references are used for standards, their latest version should be
followed when applicable.
1.1.4. Standards and codes of practice different from the ones enforced by Macau law or
specified in the Contract documents shall not be used unless approved by the
Engineer. The Engineer shall not be bound to give or withhold his approval until
the Contractor has provided him with a copy of the relevant standard for
information. If approval is given, the Contractor shall provide two copies of the
document for use by the Engineer.
1.1.5. The provisions contained in the Bill of Quantities and on the Drawings, shall
prevail over the provisions contained in these Technical Specifications (TS).
1.1.6. Reference in the TS to the approval of the Engineer shall mean approval given by
the Engineer in writing. Materials, methods of construction and any other matters
which have been approved by the Engineer shall not be changed without the
approval of the Engineer to the proposed changes.
1.1.7. Where a site investigation report and/or borehole logs are made available by the
Client they are given in good faith as to the ground condition likely to be met. The
Contractor shall make his own interpretation of the report and/or borehole logs and
of the applicability of the conditions shown in the boreholes over the site as a
whole and of the possible and probable variation in conditions which may occur
between boreholes.
1.1.8. Contractors tendering shall visit the site of the works and make themselves
thoroughly acquainted with the location, general site conditions, slopes, drainage,
presence of obstacles (existing foundations, tree stumps, etc), accessibility,
storage space, restrictions for loading and offloading materials and any other
conditions which may affect their tender. Contractors shall allow for all of the
previous in their rates as no claims in that regard will be accepted by the Client.

1.1.9. Dimensions shall not be obtained by scaling from the Drawings. Dimensions which
are not shown on the Drawings or calculable from dimensions shown on the
Drawings shall be obtained from the Engineer.
1.1.10. All the necessary materials, equipment and works mentioned in these TS but
not considered on the Bill of Quantities, shall be at the Contractor´s
expense.
1.2. CARE OF THE WORKS
1.2.1. Unless otherwise permitted by the Engineer, all work shall be carried out in dry
conditions, except where the work is required to be carried out in or with water or
other fluids.
1.2.2. Water on the Site and water entering the Site shall be disposed of by temporary
drainage or pumping systems or by other methods capable of keeping the works
and materials free of water and protected from damage due to water. Silt and
debris shall be intercepted by traps before water is discharged from the Site.
1.2.3. The discharge points of the temporary drainage and pumping systems shall be as
approved by the Engineer. The Contractor shall make all arrangements with and
obtain the necessary approvals and inspections from the relevant authorities for
discharging water to drains, watercourses or the sea. The relevant work shall not
start until the approved arrangements for disposal of the water have been
implemented.
1.2.4. Work shall not be carried out in weather conditions which may adversely affect the
work unless protection by methods agreed by the Engineer is provided.
1.2.5. Permanent work, including materials for permanent work, shall be protected by
methods agreed by the Engineer from exposure to weather conditions which may
adversely affect the work or materials.
1.2.6. The Contractor shall provide all necessary temporary shoring and strutting or other
supports to walls, floors, roofs, etc; that may be required to ensure the safety of
work, Site personnel and general public and to prevent damage to on Site and
adjoining property.
1.2.7. Finished work shall be protected by methods agreed by the Engineer from
damage which could arise from the execution of adjacent work. Work shall be
carried out in such a manner that work carried out by others, including
Government departments, utility undertakings and other contractors, is not
damaged.
1.3. DAMAGE AND INTERFERENCE

1.3.1. The works on Site shall cause as little inconvenience as possible to adjoining
property owners and general public.
1.3.2. The methods of construction used by the Contractor shall cause the minimum
possible disturbance of the sub-soil and shall not give rise to any condition that
might cause damage to adjacent roads, services, structures or properties.
1.3.3. Work shall be carried out in such a manner that, as far as is reasonable and
practicable, there is no damage to or interference with the following:
a) watercourses;
b) buildings and infrastructures;
c) roads including street furniture or other property;
d) public or private vehicular or pedestrian accesses;
e) trees, graves or burial urns.
1.3.4. The Contractor shall be entirely responsible for the safety of the work and for
taking all necessary precautions to prevent settlement or damage to adjacent
buildings, property, roads and surrounding ground. He shall inspect the previous at
regular frequent intervals and shall immediately report to the Engineer any signs of
damage or distress which may become evident.
1.3.5. All such work shall be carried out and any damage rectified at the Contractor's
own expense.
1.3.6. Items which are damaged or interfered with as a result of the work being carried
out and items which are diverted, removed or relocated to enable the work to be
carried out, shall be reinstated to the same existing condition before the work
started or to such other condition as may be agreed or instructed by the Engineer,
at the Contractor´s expense.
1.3.7. Measurements of noise level, vibration, ground movement and groundwater level
shall be taken at locations and time intervals stated in the contract documents or
instructed by the Engineer. Records of the measurements shall be kept on Site
and a copy of the records supplied to the Engineer. Arrangements for installing
instruments and taking measurements both inside and outside the Site shall be
made by the Contractor. All such work shall be at the Contractor´s expense.
1.3.8. Measurements of noise level and vibration shall be made with instruments of a
type agreed by the Engineer.
1.3.9. A sufficient number of piezometers and survey points shall be installed to

investigate the change in the groundwater levels and their effects on the Site
surroundings.

1.3.10. Measurements shall be taken at regular intervals when groundwater control is
carried out and until such time as the groundwater has resumed its natural regime.
1.3.11. The Contractor shall inform the Engineer immediately of any unanticipated change
in measurements.
1.3.12. If the specified limits or limits agreed by the Engineer, on vibration, groundwater
movement or groundwater level are exceeded, the work causing the limits to be
exceeded shall be stopped and particulars of proposed changes to the methods of
construction shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.
1.3.13. Measures shall be taken to prevent excavated material, silt or debris from being
deposited in existing drainage systems, watercourses or the sea.
1.3.14. The Contractor shall make enquiries and shall carefully excavate inspection pits to
locate accurately any existing infrastructures on Site.
1.3.15. Temporary supports and protection to infrastructures shall be provided by methods

agreed by the Engineer; permanent supports and protection shall be provided if
instructed by the Engineer.

1.3.16. The Contractor shall inform the Engineer and the infrastructures undertakings
without delay of the following:
a) damage to infrastructures;
b) leakage of infrastructures;
c) discovery of infrastructures not mentioned on drawings provided by

infrastructures undertakings;
d) diversion, removal, repositioning or re-erection of infrastructures which are

required to enable the execution of the Works.
1.3.17. The Contractor shall maintain close liaison with the infrastructure undertakings and
shall inform the Engineer of any delays in works by the infrastructure undertakings.
1.3.18. Records of existing utilities encountered shall be kept by the Contractor on the Site
and a copy provided for the Engineer. The records shall be agreed by the
Engineer and shall contain the following details:
a) location of utility;
b) date on which utility was encountered;
c) nature and size of utility;
d) condition of utility;
e) temporary or permanent supports provided.
1.3.19. The Contractor shall provide adequate and experienced site personnel to control
the operation of heavy mechanical plant in the proximity of utilities.
1.3.20. The Contractor shall make arrangements to avoid any heavy mechanical plant or
vehicles standing or passing over buried pipeworks, in particular those at shallow
depths (with less than 1 meter overburden cover), especially when the road
surface is removed. Unless agreed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall not
stockpile any material immediately over or in the vicinity of any pipeworks.
1.3.21. Alternative access shall be provided if interference with existing public or private
vehicular or pedestrian access is necessary to enable the execution of the Works.
The arrangements for the alternative access shall be as agreed by the Engineer.
The permanent access shall be reinstated as soon as practicable after the work is
complete and the alternative access shall be removed as soon as practicable after
it is no longer required. All such work will be at the Contractor´s expense.

1.3.22. Trees which are to be retained or which are not required to be removed in order to
carry out the Works shall be protected from damage at all times by methods
agreed by the Engineer. Materials, including excavated materials, shall not be
banked around such trees and they shall not be trimmed or cut without the
approval of the Engineer.
1.4. LIAISON WITH OTHERS
1.4.1. The Contractor shall make all necessary arrangements with and obtain the
necessary approvals from Government departments, infrastructures undertakings
and other duly constituted authorities for carrying out the Works.
1.4.2. The Contractor shall maintain close liaison with other contractors employed by the
Client, infrastructures undertakings or other authorities who are carrying out work
on or adjacent to the Site. The Contractor shall ensure as far as possible that the
progress of the works is not adversely affected by the activities of such other
contractors.
1.5. SITE CLEANLINESS
1.5.1. The Site shall be maintained in a clean and tidy condition. Materials, including
materials required for temporary works, shall be stored in an orderly manner.
Rubbish, debris and material left overs shall be disposed of at least once a week.
1.5.2. Work shall be carried out in such a manner that avoidable dust is not generated. If
instructed by the Engineer, adequate protections shall be installed by the
Contractor along the Site perimeter, to protect people and property.
1.5.3. The access roads on Site shall be sprinkled with water to avoid dust in the air
induced by traffic on Site. The frequency shall be as required by the Engineer.
1.6. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
1.6.1. All materials and equipment to be used in the works shall be approved by the
Engineer before the beginning of the works. The Contractor shall submit to the
Engineer for approval, samples, quality and compliance certificates, technical
specifications and test results. The Contractor shall agree with the Engineer on the
time required for submittal and approval of the materials and equipment to be used
on the works.
1.6.2. Materials for inclusion in the permanent work shall be new or other material as
stated in the Contract documents or approved by the Engineer.

1.6.3. Submittals by manufacturers which are submitted to the Engineer shall relate to
the material delivered to the Site. Certified true copies of certificates may be
submitted if the original certificates cannot be obtained from the manufacturer. A
letter from the supplier stating that the certificates relate to the material delivered
to the Site shall be submitted with the submittals.
1.6.4. Materials which are specified by means of trade or proprietary names may be
substituted by materials from a different manufacturer approved by the Engineer
provided that the materials are of the same or better quality and comply with the
specified requirements.
1.6.5. Samples of materials submitted to the Engineer for information or approval shall
be kept on Site and shall not be returned to the Contractor or used in the
permanent work unless permitted by the Engineer.
1.7. TESTING
1.7.1. A batch of material is a specified quantity of the material which satisfies specified
conditions such that it may be assumed that all of the material in the batch is of
consistent type and quality. If one of the specified conditions is that the material is
delivered to the Site at the same time, material delivered to the Site over a period
not exceeding 7 days may be considered as part of the same batch if in the
opinion of the Engineer there is sufficient evidence that the other specified
conditions applying to the batch apply to all of the material delivered over the
period.
1.7.2. A sample is a specified amount, or a specified number of pieces or units, taken

from a batch for testing, such that the result of tests on the sample can be taken
as representing the quality of the batch as a whole.
1.7.3. A specimen is a portion of a sample which is to be tested.
1.7.4. Samples for laboratory tests or test locations for in situ tests shall be randomly
selected by the Engineer. In addition, the Engineer shall be free to select samples
he suspects to be defective. The test locations for in situ tests so selected and, if
applicable, the area/extent of Works covered by the tests, shall be traceable by
means of either a referenced coordinate system or a location plan with defined test
positions and levels.
1.7.5. Samples shall be representative and of sufficient size to enable all specified tests
to be made.
1.7.6. Samples shall be taken on Site under close supervision of the Engineer or by
Laboratory personnel having no direct commercial relationship with the Contractor
or material supplier, and shall be clearly, indelibly and individually marked for
identification.

1.7.7. Once selected and taken, samples stored on Site prior to delivery to the place of
testing shall remain in the charge of the Engineer or of the chosen testing
Laboratory, who/which shall be given adequate facilities (including sample store
room) to keep samples securely under lock and key inaccessible to unauthorized
persons at all times.
1.7.8. Samples shall be protected, handled and stored in such a manner that they are
not damaged nor contaminated such that the properties of the sample do not
change. The method of storage shall comply with the requirements of the relevant
test methods.
1.7.9. Where in situ concreting works are to be carried out, the Contractor shall, at the
discretion of the Engineer, provide sufficient number of steel container rooms (or
the like) and curing tanks for storage and curing test cubes to the satisfaction of
the Engineer.
1.7.10. For the purpose of stock control to preclude the swapping of materials under test
and where applicable the unauthorized use of materials prior to receipt of test
results, the Contractor shall:
a) clearly identify all batches of materials arrived on Site. The identification

marks so designed shall contain information which can reveal the identity of the
batch for each type of materials such as the Contract number, type of materials,
batch number and other information as required by the Engineer;
b) keep stockpiles and stock items from which samples have been taken for
tests, separated from other materials by means of labels denoting “Stock under
Test” or similarly agreed by the Engineer;
c) establish and maintain a record system showing identification marks, testing

status on all materials (under test or approved for use or rejected or re-test or
omitted for testing, etc.), key dates (e.g. date of testing) and locations of storage;
d) in connection with the above, submit a proposal of stock management system

on Site peculiar to the Contract documents, to prevent unauthorized or
uncontrolled use of materials, for approval by the Engineer at the commencement
of the Contract and subsequent supervision by the Engineer.
1.7.11. Samples which non-destructive tests have been carried out shall be collected from
the place of testing after the tests and delivered to Site or other location instructed
by the Engineer.
1.7.12. Samples which have been tested may be incorporated in the permanent work
provided that:
a) the sample complies with the specified requirements;
f) the sample is not damaged.
1.7.13. Additional samples shall be provided for testing if in the opinion of the Engineer:

a) material previously tested no longer complies with the specified requirements;
b) material has been handled or stored in such a manner that it is no longer

represented by previously tested samples.
1.7.14. Unless otherwise stated in the Contract documents, in situ and laboratory tests
shall be carried out by competent testing Laboratories, to be proposed by the
Contractor and approved by the Engineer, provided:
a) independent Laboratories with no affiliation as a legal entity to the Contractor

and its sub-contractors are used;
b) particulars of the Laboratories proposed by the Contractor are submitted to

the Engineer for approval;
1.7.15. Unless otherwise stated in the Contract documents, the results of tests on
samples or specimens shall be considered as representing the whole of the batch
from which the sample was taken.
1.7.16. Raw records of in situ and laboratory compliance tests shall be submitted to the
Engineer immediately after the tests, with a copy of the whole set of records to be
kept by the Contractor on the Site.
1.7.17. All test reports compiled by the testing Laboratories shall be delivered directly to
the Engineer in sealed envelope without routing through the Contractor within 7
days, or such other time stated in the Contract documents, after completion of
each test. The report shall contain the following details:
a) material or part of the work tested;
b) location and area/extent of the batch from which the samples were taken or
location and area/extent of the part of the work;
c) place of testing;
d) date and time of tests;
e) weather conditions in the case of in situ tests;
f) technical personnel supervising or carrying out the tests;
g) size and description of samples and specimens;
h) method of sampling;
i) properties tested;
j) method of testing;
k) readings and measurements taken during the tests;
l) test results, including any calculations and graphs;

m) other details stated in the Contract documents.
1.7.18. All the necessary tests mentioned on these TS but not considered in the Bill
of Quantities, shall be at the Contractor´s expense.
1.8. WORKMANSHIP AND TOLERANCES
1.8.1. Workmanship shall comply with best trade practice and with relevant local and
international standards.
1.8.2. Tolerances stated in the Contract documents shall be measured perpendicular to

the specified lines unless otherwise stated in the Contract documents.
1.8.3. If adjacent parts of the Works are subject to different dimensional tolerances then
the most critical tolerance shall apply to all such works which are related to each
other in respect of dimension, line and level.
1.9. SITE ESTABLISHMENT
1.9.1. The Site shall not be used by the Contractor for any purpose other than for
executing the works.
1.9.2. Concrete batching and mixing plant erected on the Site shall not be used to
provide concrete for work outside the Site.
1.9.3. The location and size of stockpiles of materials, including excavated material,
within the Site shall be as agreed by the Engineer. Stockpiles shall be maintained
in a stable condition. Entry to and exit from the Site shall be obtained only at the
locations stated in the Contract documents or agreed by the Engineer.
1.9.4. The following particulars shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval not more
than 14 days after the commencement of the Works:
a) drawings showing the layout within the Site of the Engineer's and Contractor's
accommodation, project signboards, access roads and major facilities required
early in the Contract;
g) drawings showing the layout and the construction details of the Engineer's
accommodation;
1.9.5. Drawings showing the location of stores, storage areas, concrete materials
batching, mixing plants and other major facilities not required early in the Contract
documents, shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval as early as possible,
but in any case not later than 28 days before such facilities are constructed on the
Site.

1.9.6. A survey of the Site to establish the precise boundaries and the levels within the
Site will be carried out by the Contractor after site clearance. The Contractor shall
seek acceptance of the survey by the Engineer, prior to commencing other works
in the area surveyed.
1.9.7. Hoardings, fences, gates and signs on the Site shall be maintained in a clean,
stable and secure condition.
1.9.8. Project signboards stated in the Contract documents shall be erected not more
than 4 weeks, or such other period agreed by the Engineer, after the date for
commencement of the Works. Other advertising signs shall not be erected on the
Site unless permitted by the Engineer.
1.9.9. The permission of the Engineer shall be obtained before hoardings, fences, gates
or signs are removed. Hoardings, fences, gates and signs which are to be left in
position after completion of the Works shall be repaired and repainted as
instructed by the Engineer.
1.9.10. The accommodation to be provided on Site for the Engineer shall be ready for
occupation, including connection of all utilities, not more than 8 weeks after the
date of approval by the Engineer of the proposed location, layout and construction
details.
1.9.11. The accommodation shall be maintained in a clean, stable and secure condition
and shall be cleaned at least daily. The services of a full-time attendant shall be
provided for the Engineer.
1.9.12. Equipment provided for the use of the Engineer/persons authorised by the
Engineer shall be maintained in a clean and serviceable condition and all
consumables shall be replenished when required.
1.9.13. The Contractor's offices, sheds, stores, mess rooms, latrines and other
accommodation on the Site shall be maintained in a clean, stable and secure
condition. Living accommodation shall not be provided on the Site unless stated in
the Contract documents or approved by the Engineer.
1.9.14. Temporary water, electricity, telephone, sewerage and drainage facilities shall be
provided for the Engineer's accommodation and for the Contractor's use in
carrying out the Works. The Contractor shall make all arrangements with and
obtain the necessary approvals from the relevant authorities for the facilities.
1.9.15. Access roads and parking areas shall be provided within the Site as required and
shall be maintained in a clean, passable and stable condition.

1.9.16. Temporary Works which are not to remain on the Site after completion of the
Works shall be removed on completion of the Works or at other times instructed by
the Engineer. The Site shall be cleared and reinstated to the lines and levels and
to the same condition as it was before the Works started except as otherwise
stated in the Contract documents.
2. SITE CLEARANCE
2.1.1. Areas adjacent to demolition work shall be protected from damage resulting from
the demolition.
2.1.2. Structures which are to be demolished shall be surveyed by the Contractor, and
the result given to the Engineer for information, before demolition starts.
2.1.3. Particulars of the proposed methods of carrying out demolition work shall be
submitted to the Engineer for information at least 14 days before the demolition
starts.
2.1.4. The Contractor shall make all arrangements with and obtain the necessary
approvals from the relevant authorities for disconnecting utilities inside and outside
the Site. The ends of disconnected utilities shall be made good and sealed; the
positions of the ends shall be marked with marker posts or by other methods
agreed by the Engineer.
2.1.5. The roots of trees and shrubs which have been cut down shall be grubbed up.
Branches shall not be removed from trees which are to be retained unless
permitted by the Engineer; if permitted, the branches shall be removed with due
care and the cut surfaces shall be treated with a wound sealant approved by the
Engineer.
2.1.6. Unless otherwise permitted by the Engineer, areas affected by site clearance shall
be reinstated.
2.1.7. Fine fill material shall be deposited and compacted in voids which are left in the
ground.
2.1.8. Holes which are left in structures and pavements shall be made good using
material similar to that in the adjoining area.
2.1.9. The ends of fences, walls, structures, infrastructures and other items shall be
made good in such a manner that the affected parts will not corrode or deteriorate,
and will remain stable.
2.1.10. Straining posts shall be fixed at the end of strained fences which have been cut
and the fences shall be restrained.

2.1.11. Items which are to be re-used or taken to store shall be dismantled and removed
by a suitable method so as to avoid damage or minimize the damage if this is
unavoidable. The items shall be cleaned before re-use or taking to store.
2.1.12. Items which are to be re-used in the Works shall be kept in stores provided by the
Contractor.
2.1.13. Items which are to be taken to the Client's store shall be delivered by the
Contractor.
2.1.14. Materials or equipment which are to be re-used or taken to store and which are
damaged due to the Contractor's negligence shall be repaired by the Contractor
by a method agreed by the Engineer. Materials or equipment which are lost or
which in the opinion of the Engineer are not capable of being repaired satisfactorily
shall be replaced by the Contractor. Except for items which are to be re-used or
taken to store, demolished items, trees, shrubs, vegetation, boulders, debris,
rubbish and other items arising from site clearance shall be disposed of by the
Contractor and shall become the property of the Contractor when they are
removed from the Site.
3. DEMOLITION WORKS
3.1. GENERAL
3.1.1. The scope of works shall be, but not limited to, as follows:
a) Removal of materials and equipment to be preserved from buildings/structures to

be demolished as instructed by the Engineer.
b) Removal of debris and unwanted materials from buildings/structures to be

preserved as instructed by the Engineer.
c) Sealing off and boarding up buildings/structures to be preserved as instructed by

the Engineer.
d) Deviations, disconnections and closure of all infrastructures present in the work

areas of the buildings/structures to be demolished, as required by the
Concessionaires and instructed by the Engineer.
e) Demolition of buildings/structures, including foundations and underground

infrastructures, as shown in the Drawings and/or as specified in the Contract
documents.
f) Backfill, level and compact with approved material, all existing holes, pits, trenches
and excavated areas.
g) Removal of demolished materials and debris from Site.
h) Restore initial conditions on surrounding areas of demolition works, leave Site

clean and leveled on completion of works.

3.1.2. All aspects of demolition works shall conform to these TS, Drawings and the
provisions made in (by order presented):
a) BS 6187:2000 – Code of Practice for Demolition;
b) Code of Practice for Demolition of Buildings, 2004, HK Building Department.
3.1.3. All demolished materials shall belong to the Contractor.
3.1.4. The Contractor shall remove from site all demolished materials and debris as work
proceeds and not allow them to accumulate on Site.
3.1.5. The Contractor shall be certain and shall ensure that the proposed method of
demolition will not damage or affect the adjoining buildings/structures or any other
installations and shall reinstate at his own cost, any damage to such
buildings/structures or installations to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
3.2. PLANNING
3.2.1. General
3.2.1.1. Prior to carrying out any building demolition, detailed building appraisal by
means of surveys and appropriate assessments shall be required.
3.2.1.2. In general, the surveys shall include a Building Survey and a Structural Survey
with photographs or videos taken for future reference. Based on the findings of
these surveys, a method statement for the demolition woks shall then be
prepared and submitted to the Engineer for approval.
3.2.1.3. The method statement must also be accompanied by a report together with
structural calculations carried out to assess the stability of the building to be
demolished and all affected buildings, structures, streets, land and services.
3.2.2. Building Survey
3.2.2.1. Prior to the Building Survey, Contractor shall obtain project information of
Buildings to be demolished, including layout plan showing adjoining properties,
pedestrian walkways, roads, etc.
3.2.2.2. The Building Survey shall cover the following:
a) The construction materials;
b) The existing use and, if possible, the past uses of the building prior to
demolition;

c) The presence of wastewater, hazardous materials, matters arising from toxic
chemicals, flammable or explosive and radioactive materials, etc; and possible
presence of materials which can contribute to air pollution and soil
contamination;
d) Potential dangerous areas: abnormal layouts, presence of enclosed voids, and

non-ventilated light wells which may trap obnoxious gas at the bottom;
e) Adjoining properties and site conditions, such as the existence of slopes and
retaining walls, illegal structures, overhead cables or guy wires, and other utility
service connections;
f) Drainage conditions and possible problems on water pollution, flooding and

erosion, especially on sloping sites and water receiving bodies;
g) Shared facilities with adjoining building, including common staircases, party

walls, and possible effect on it during demolition;
h) Hoarding and covered walkway requirements;
i) Adjoining pedestrian and vehicular traffic conditions;
j) Available headroom, clear spaces and distance of building from lot boundary
which may affect the loading operation and transportation of building debris
during demolition;
k) The sensitivity of neighbourhood with respect to noise, dust, vibration and

traffic impact;
l) Available site area to allow on-site sorting of building debris;
m) Street furniture such as fire hydrant, parking space meters, street light, street
sign and hawkers’ stalls which could be affected by the demolition project.
3.2.3. Structural Survey
3.2.3.1. Prior to the Structural Survey, Contractor shall obtain project information of
Foundations and Structures of Buildings to be demolished, including structural
framing plans and structural details.
3.2.3.2. The Structural Survey shall cover the following:
a) The structural materials used;
b) The original structural system employed in the design;
c) The method of construction;
d) Any dilapidation and degree of deterioration on any structural elements;
e) The structural conditions of adjoining structures and its shoring which may be
affected by the proposed demolition works;

f) The presence of continuous structures that may be truncated by the demolition;
g) The structural system and structural conditions of basements, underground

tanks or underground vaults;
h) The presence of exposed bracing or possible presence of covered bracing;
i) Nature of walls whether they are blockwalls, reinforced concrete walls, load
bearing walls or partition walls;
j) Cantilevered structures such as canopies, balconies, or other forms of

architectural features overhanging or protruding from the façade;
k) Any fixtures to the building such as signboards, sun-shading devices, etc.
3.2.3.3. When there is no available information of the Foundations and Structures

Project, the Structural Survey shall include on site investigation by exposing
key structural elements to facilitate assessment of existing foundations and
structures. This will allow the consideration of adequate demolition methods
and procedures that ensure the stability of the building at all stages during the
works.
3.3. PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES
3.3.1. General
3.3.1.1. Site safety features shall focus on the protection of the public, particularly, the
pedestrian and vehicular traffic and the adjacent properties.
3.3.1.2. Proper safety features shall be considered by the Contractor to make sure that
the demolition can be carried out safely and site personnel are protected.
3.3.1.3. The specialist Contractor shall carry out the demolition works including the
precautionary measures in accordance with the approved plans and other
related documents, and provide continuous supervision to the works.
3.3.1.4. Demolition debris shall only be allowed to fall freely to the ground internally or
externally where the horizontal distance from the point of fall to a public access,
or adjoining property, is not less than 6 m or half the height from which the
debris is dropped, whichever is greater.
3.3.1.5. Debris shall not be allowed to accumulate above an average height of 2 m from
ground level before removal.
3.3.1.6. When material is being dropped, a look out man shall be posted to ensure
safety at all times.
3.3.2. Hoarding, Covered Walkway and Catch Platforms

3.3.2.1. Contractor shall supply, erect and maintain temporary protective hoarding
around the Site boundary.
3.3.2.2. The hoarding shall be of good quality and adequate for use in the demolition
site.
3.3.2.3. The hoarding shall have one or more solid gates of sufficient width for vehicular
passage. Strong padlocks shall be used to prevent unauthorized entry on Site.
3.3.2.4. Covered walkways and catch platforms intended to protect pedestrian or road
traffic from falling debris shall be designed, supplied and installed by Contractor
as required and when requested by the Engineer.
3.3.2.5. A minimum vertical clearance of 2.3 m shall be provided for the covered
walkway. A minimum clear width of 1.1m is required for hoarding/covered
walkways sited on a carriageway.
3.3.2.6. The width of the catch platform shall not be less than 2 m when it abuts a street
and may be reduced by the amount of set back of the building.
3.3.2.7. Debris shall not be accumulated on the roof of the covered walkway. It shall not
be used for any other purposes such as storage of building materials and
equipment inside or above the covered walkway.
3.3.2.8. The roof of the covered walkway shall be pitched inwards to better contain the
debris and for roof drainage.
3.3.2.9. Upstand edge board of 1.1 m or higher measured from the toe of roof line of
the catch platform’s outer edge shall be provided to retain the fallen debris.
3.3.3. Scaffoldings and Screen Covers
3.3.3.1. Bamboo scaffolds or metal scaffolds shall be used for top down demolition
works.
3.3.3.2. Supports for the scaffolds shall have adequate strength to hold the vertical and
lateral loads imposed on the scaffolds including the catchfans, work platforms,
etc.
3.3.3.3. Periodic maintenance shall be performed to remove any debris accidentally

falling out of the building and accumulated on the platforms.
3.3.3.4. Dismantling of the scaffolds shall coincide with the demolition progress. When
the wall ties are disconnected due to the demolition of the building structure,
the unsecured section of the scaffolds shall be removed accordingly. The
unbraced sections shall not be higher than 2m from the nearest anchor.

3.3.3.5. Two layers of protective screen shall be placed over the scaffolds to completely
enclose the building structure for retaining dust and small debris. Tarpaulin and
heavy duty nets shall be used to cover the exterior face of the scaffold.
Tarpaulin shall be placed over the net.
3.3.3.6. The protective screens shall be secured to the scaffoldings at not more than 2
m intervals at both horizontal and vertical directions or the width of the net,
whichever is less. The screens shall have a minimum overlapping width of 300
mm.
3.3.3.7. Heavy duty nets shall be relatively lightweight and have good retaining
capability for small debris. The material shall resist ultra-violet light
deterioration. The nets shall be secured to the scaffold and at the catchfan so
that debris can be retained and not deflected onto the ground.
3.3.3.8. Tarpaulin shall be lightweight and constructed of fire retardant materials.
3.3.4. Catchfans
3.3.4.1. Catchfans shall only catch small pieces of building debris that pass through the
protective screen.
3.3.4.2. Catchfans shall be installed at a vertical distance of not more than 10 m below
the working floor.
3.3.4.3. Catchfans shall have a horizontal extension of 1.5 m from the exterior face of
the scaffolding. The typical angle of inclination shall be 20º to 45º from the
horizontal plane.
3.3.4.4. Catchfans shall be used only as precautionary measures and shall not be used
as temporary support for any anticipated loads.
3.3.4.5. Both bamboo catchfans and metal catchfans are acceptable provided that they
are properly installed.
3.3.5. Temporary Supports
3.3.5.1. Temporary supports to the structure or the elements of the structure being
demolished shall be provided for any or combination of the following conditions:
a) When the whole or any part of the structure is subjected to excess loading
derived from the demolition activities, movement of powered mechanical
equipment or debris accumulation;
b) When any part of the structure or any element being demolished is not self-
supporting;

c) When the temporary stability of the structure or its elements could be impaired
as a result of the demolition activities.
3.3.5.2. Temporary supports shall not be removed until its supporting loads are
completely removed.
3.3.5.3. Temporary supports shall be required during the demolition of cantilevered

structures.
3.3.5.4. Anchorage or holding down load of the cantilevered structure shall not be
removed prior to the demolition of the cantilever itself unless the cantilever has
been temporarily supported.
3.3.5.5. Demolition of external cantilevered structures facing public streets and which
are higher than 4m above ground and offset from the site boundary at a
distance less than one half of the height of the building to be demolished may
affect the safety of the public. In demolishing these external cantilevered
structures, the areas underneath them shall be protected by temporary
platforms which shall be designed to resist both the anticipated demolition
loading and construction loading, unless the cantilevered structures are
demolished by cut and lift, or other similar techniques.
3.3.5.6. Temporary supports shall be provided to adjacent properties including, but not
limited to, buildings, public or private utilities, slopes, retaining walls or land
when the removal of the building or any part of the building being demolished
could affect the stability of such properties. Common features, such as
truncated continuous beams, exposed party walls and common staircases,
shall be protected and stabilised.
3.3.5.7. Safe ingress and egress for adjoining properties shall be maintained. Adequate
supports shall be provided to maintain the stability of common staircases for
maintaining continuous access for the adjoining properties.
3.3.5.8. When a demolition project is shut down for a prolonged period before its
completion, the remaining structure, if any, shall be stabilised by temporary
support and/or bracing systems.
3.3.6. Temporary Propping System
3.3.6.1. Prefabricated propping system may be used to support the operation of

mechanical equipment or other loading during the demolition process on a
suspended floor.
3.3.6.2. Adequate spreader shall be provided for props bearing on ground, if necessary,
to avoid undue settlement.
3.3.7. Protection of Properties

3.3.7.1. Contractor shall design, supply and install temporary and/or permanent
structures to ensure stability and to protect adjacent properties (buildings,
infrastructures, roads, etc) that may be affected by the demolition works.
3.3.7.2. Contractor shall conduct a thorough evaluation for demolition involving

basement, underground structures or any structure that may affect the
foundations of adjoining properties. Appropriate shoring, underpinning or other
protective measures shall be installed by the Contractor if necessary or
requested by the Engineer.
3.3.7.3. The design of such temporary and/or permanent structures including any
necessary bracings shall be carried out by a competent Engineer engaged by
the Contractor.
3.3.7.4. All works related to such temporary and/or permanent structures shall be
borne by the Contractor.
3.3.8. Protection of Traffic
3.3.8.1. As far as practicable, the installation of the precautionary measures and the
demolition works which causes major disruption to pedestrian and vehicular
traffic shall be avoided. If unavoidable, Contractor shall obtain permission from
the authorities.
3.3.8.2. Temporary closure of traffic lanes shall be considered for exceptional cases
where there are no other practical alternatives to safely demolish building
elements such as cantilevers, projected canopies, balconies or verandahs.
3.3.8.3. Proper headroom, sightline, segregation, loading/unloading location,

illumination, etc; shall be considered by the Contractor for the protection of
vehicular and pedestrian traffic from the ingress and egress of construction
vehicles.
3.3.9. Protection of Existing Infrastructures on Site
3.3.9.1. Before commencement of site clearance and demolition works, the Contractor
shall ensure that all infrastructures, above or underground, which are likely to
be affected by site clearance and demolition works, such as gas mains,
electricity cables, telephone lines, etc; have been diverted, disconnected or
capped.
3.3.9.2. Where is necessary to maintain infrastructures during demolition works,

Contractor shall provide adequate protection and ensure they are operational at
all times.
3.3.10. Hazardous Materials

3.3.10.1. Unless the Building Survey shows no evidence of hazardous material present
in the building, the Contractor shall carry out proper sampling and testing of any
hazardous materials found or suspected of being present in the building.
3.3.10.2. Contractor shall ensure that all hazardous materials present on or brought to
site, are properly stored and separated from other common materials. Only
trained personnel shall be allowed to deal with the hazardous materials.
3.3.10.3. Workers dealing with hazardous materials, including asbestos, shall be

properly protected and emergency procedures shall be maintained.
3.3.10.4. Contractor shall follow all the requirements enforced by lay when removing
hazardous materials from site.
3.3.11. Dismantling of Existing Lift Items and Parts
3.3.11.1. Unless otherwise provided, Contractor shall provide all labour, tools, haulage
and all necessary equipment to dismantle lifts and parts and deliver them to the
location indicated by the Engineer
3.3.11.2. The parts recovered and delivered shall be kept in a condition to allow reuse.
3.3.12. Demolition of Siteworks and Other Structures
3.3.12.1. The Contractor shall allow in his tender demolition and removal from Site of all
existing miscellaneous structures such as manholes, concrete steps, footpaths,
pavements, roads, sidewalks, landscaping, lamp posts, traffic signs and any
other items instructed by the Engineer.
3.3.13. Precautions Against Uncontrolled Collapse
3.3.13.1. The Contractor shall ensure that the removal of certain part of the building or
structure during demolition will not result in other parts becoming unsafe.
3.3.13.2. At any time, should it appear to the Engineer that other parts of the building or
structure have become unsafe or the structural integrity is compromised, the
Contractor shall propose to the Engineer all necessary remedial actions to
provide adequate support to the building or structure to prevent collapse, all at
his own cost.
3.3.13.3. The Contractor shall pre-determine where temporary support will be needed.
3.3.13.4. If the structure abuts other buildings, the abutting buildings shall be given such
lateral support as is given by the structure to be demolished.
3.3.13.5. Provisions shall be made for the erection of adequate shoring designed by
competent Engineer before the existing lateral support is disturbed.

3.3.14. Debris and Waste Handling
3.3.14.1. Debris waste and other materials shall not be thrown, tipped or shot down from
a height where they are liable to cause injury to any person on or near the site.
3.3.14.2. Existing lift shaft, light well and openings on floors may be used to convey
debris down the building floors. Areas adjacent to the openings of these
features used as a chute shall be barricaded when they are not in use. Warning
signs shall be posted to prevent workers from entering the area. As an option,
plastic chutes may be used inside the floor openings and lift wells to minimize
noise and confine the falling debris.
3.3.15. Measures for Dust Control
3.3.15.1. Contractor shall install double layer protective screen for dust control. The
screen shall be supported by the scaffolding. Details of the supports shall be
proposed and designed by the Contractor for the Engineer’s approval.
3.3.15.2. The screen shall fully envelope all sides of the Site without gap unless
otherwise approved by the Engineer
3.3.15.3. The Contractor shall spray water frequently during all demolition works to
minimize the amount of dust generated from the demolition.
3.3.15.4. Water spray shall be by means of high pressure water jet and the frequency of
the spray shall be agreed with the Engineer but not less than twice a day.
3.3.16. Vibration Control
3.3.16.1. Contractor shall consider measures to minimize the disturbance cause by

vibration due to demolition works on adjoining properties and general public.
3.3.16.2. The peak particle velocities at any adjoining structure shall not exceed 15 mm/s
for prolonged vibration caused by mechanical demolition.
3.4. DEMOLITION
3.4.1. General
3.4.1.1. Buildings and other structures shall be demolished in the reverse order to that
of their construction. The order of demolition for buildings shall be progressive,
storey by storey, having regard to the type of construction.
3.4.1.2. The structural elements shall be broken down gradually and the reinforcements
shall remain until all the concrete connecting to or supported by the
reinforcement is broken away or when its support is no longer required.

3.4.1.3. Demolition of cantilevered canopies, balconies and exterior walls may
endanger public safety and shall be carried out with extreme caution.
3.4.1.4. Cuttings may be performed by jack hammer or pneumatic hammer for the
concrete and oxy-acetylene flame cutter for the reinforcements. The concrete
shall be broken away first before the cutting of reinforcement. Alternatively,
reinforced concrete may be cut by saw cutting.
3.4.1.5. When rope or tie wire is used for pulling, the workers shall be protected or stay
away from the area within reach of the rope or tie wire. The wire strength shall
be at least 4 times the anticipated load. The rope or tie wire shall be checked at
least twice per day to ensure that they are in good working conditions.
3.4.1.6. The loading from mechanical equipment used in the demolitions shall be
checked. If needed, propping shall be installed at floor levels below the working
floor to safely support the operation of the equipment.
3.4.1.7. The movement of mechanical equipment shall be prohibited in the following

areas: within 2 m of the building edge, within 1 m of any floor openings, or at
any cantilevered structures.
3.4.1.8. Any mechanical equipment to be used in the demolitions shall be lifted onto the
roof of the building by the use of mobile crane or other appropriate means
approved by the Engineer.
3.4.2. Demolition Sequence
3.4.2.1. Demolition sequence shall be determined according to actual site conditions,

restraints, the building layout, the structural layout and its construction.
Notwithstanding, the following sequence shall apply:
d) All cantilevered structures, canopies, verandahs and features attached to the

external walls shall first be demolished prior to demolition of main building and
its internal structures on each floor.
e) When demolishing the roof structure, all lift machine rooms and water tanks at
high level shall be demolished in “top down” sequence to the main roof level.
f) Demolition of the floor slabs shall begin at mid span and work towards the
supporting beams.
g) Floor beams shall be demolished in the order that follows: cantilevered beams
first, then secondary beams and finally the main beams. When the structural
stability of beams are affected due to loss of restraints, the affected beams
shall be propped prior to loss of support or restraint.
h) Non-load bearing walls shall be removed prior to demolition of load bearing

walls.

i) Columns and load bearing walls shall be demolished after removal of beams on
top.
j) If site conditions permit, the first floor slab directly above the ground floor may
be demolished by mechanical equipment sitting on ground level and mounted
with demolition accessories.
3.4.3. Exterior Masonry Walls
3.4.3.1. All brick in-fill walls shall be removed by pushing inward, before dismantling the
reinforced concrete framing.
3.4.3.2. Working platforms outside the building shall be used for removal of the brick in-
fill walls.
3.4.3.3. Brick removal shall begin from the top layer downwards. The works shall be
carried out layer by layer with each layer not larger than 300 mm.
3.4.4. Cantilevered Structures and Balconies
3.4.4.1. Temporary supporting structures, a catch platform and/or a temporary platform

shall be placed directly underneath cantilevered structures and balconies as
precautionary measures.
3.4.4.2. The exterior walls shall be demolished first and any structure or dead load
supported by the cantilevered system, shall be removed prior to demolishing
the cantilevered slabs and beams.
3.4.4.3. The concrete shall be broken down gradually starting from the exterior edge of
the cantilevered floor, working inwards and toward its supporting beams.
3.4.4.4. Saw cut and lift may be used to dismantle the cantilevered features. The slab
shall be cut into a manageable size and lifted away. The cantilevered beams
shall be cut and removed after the removal of the slab load and any load
supported by them.
3.4.5. Floor Slabs and Beams
3.4.5.1. The floor structure shall be demolished by gradually breaking away the
concrete. The reinforcement shall remain and be cut off after the concrete is
broken away.
3.4.5.2. The floor structure may be demolished by mechanical equipment with breaker,
hydraulic crusher or other appropriate attachments.
3.4.6. Columns and Load Bearing Walls

3.4.6.1. A reinforced concrete wall shall be vertically separated from the remaining wall
by breaking away the concrete and cutting the reinforcement bars.
3.4.6.2. Pre-weakening shall be carried out at the bottom of columns and wall sections.
3.4.6.3. After pre-weakening, the column or wall section shall be pulled down for further
break down in a controlled motion, by equipment with adequate working
capacity to safely handle the weight.
4. PILING WORKS
4.1. GENERAL
4.1.1. All aspects of piling works shall conform to these TS, Drawings and the provisions
made in:
a) RF – “Regulamento de Fundações, Decreto-Lei n.º 47/96/M de 26 de Outubro”;
b) Geoguide issued by Hong Kong Geotechnical Engineering Office;
c) EN 1536: 2000 – Execution of Special Geotechnical Work – Bored Piles;
d) NC – “Norma de Cimentos, Decreto-Lei n.º 63/96/M de 14 de Outubro”;
e) REAE – “Regulamento de Estruturas de Aço para Edifícios - Decreto-Lei n.º

29/2001 de 26 de Novembro”.
4.1.2. Piling works, including groundwater control and ground treatment for piling works,
shall not commence until the relevant proposed materials and methods of
construction, including construction and testing of preliminary piles have been
approved.
4.1.3. The position of existing utilities shall be determined and underground utilities
adjacent to the piles shall be exposed or otherwise accurately located before piling
works start.
4.1.4. All necessary measures shall be taken to minimize the settlement of the ground
and adjacent structures and utilities and to prevent the formation of cavities in the
ground resulting from piling works.
4.1.5. The vibrations due to piling works at structures, utilities and previously installed
piles, measured in terms of peak particle velocity, shall not exceed 25 mm/s.
4.1.6. Soil samples and rock samples stated in the Contract or instructed by the
Engineer shall be taken from pile excavations for visual inspection and testing.

4.1.7. The Contractor shall allow the Engineer to inspect the material at the proposed
founding level and shall inform the Engineer immediately when the founding level
is reached.
4.1.8. The Contractor shall remove from the site at intervals during the course of the
work and on completion, all unnecessary materials, plant, cut-off piles, rubbish and
debris resulting from the piling operations.
4.2. PRE-DRILLING
4.2.1. Before commencement of piling works, pre-drilling shall be carried out by an

independent Ground Investigation Contractor to determine the depth of the piles.
4.2.2. Rock cores shall be taken from the top of the bedrock to a depth of 2.0 times the
socket length.
4.2.3. The pre-drilling shall be in sufficient number so that any pile center shall not
distance more than 2 m away from the nearest drill hole.
4.2.4. Additional drill holes shall be carried out when in the opinion of the Engineer; the
bedrock information does not comply with the design requirements or is unclear.
4.2.5. The Contractor shall allow sufficient time for any additional drill hole required by
the Engineer.
4.2.6. The Ground Investigation Contractor shall submit two copies of the pre-drilling logs
to the Engineer within 2 days after each drill hole.
4.2.7. The rock cores shall be kept in storage boxes showing the pile numbers and the
top and bottom levels of the drill hole on the bedrock.
4.2.8. Upon completion of pre-drilling, the Ground Investigation Contractor shall submit
two copies of the pre-drilling report to the Engineer.
4.3. SUBMISSIONS
4.3.1. The following particulars of the proposed materials and methods of construction
for piling works shall be submitted to the Engineer:
a) details of construction plant;
b) methods and sequence of installation of piles, including methods of avoiding

damage to adjacent piles, structures and utilities and measures to be taken to deal
with hard material and obstructions;
c) quality and details of materials;

d) equipment used to install the piles;
e) calculations of driving stresses;
f) methods of jointing and lengthening piles;
g) methods of controlling groundwater, or groundwater treatment;
h) anticipated ground vibration, ground movement and groundwater drawdown

and methods of instrumentation and monitoring;
i) methods and sequence of excavation, including methods of supporting

excavations and of cleaning the excavation;
j) details of concrete/grout mix;
k) methods and sequence of concreting/grouting;
l) details of preliminary piles, when specified in the Contract documents;
m) details of testing and independent specialty firms to be employed by the

Contractor.
4.3.2. The particulars specified in previous item shall be submitted to the Engineer at
least 21 days before the relevant preliminary piles are constructed; if preliminary
piles are not required, the particulars shall be submitted to the Engineer at least 21
days before the relevant piling works start.
4.4. SETTING OUT
4.4.1. The Contractor shall employ an approved licensed Surveyor who will set up the
positions of the piles as shown in the Drawings.
4.4.2. The Contractor will be responsible for the accuracy of location of each pile. Any
errors in setting out and any consequential loss to the Employer will be made good
by the Contractor to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
4.4.3. The Contractor shall preserve the pegs set out by the Surveyor. Should any peg
be displaced or lost it must be replaced by a licensed Surveyor to the approval of
the Engineer.
4.5. ROCK SOCKETED STEEL H-PILES
4.5.1. General
4.5.1.1. The Contractor shall install and test H-piles as shown on the Contract Drawings
and as specified herein.

4.5.1.2. The Contractor shall be experienced in the design, construction and testing of
H-piles and have successfully constructed in the last 3 years, at least 100 H-
piles in Macao of similar capacity to those shown in the Drawings.
4.5.1.3. The piling work shall be carried out by full time operators and supervisory staff
who must be experienced in the installation of the proposed type of piles.
4.5.1.4. The Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval, written evidence to
show that the persons who will be engaged in the works have such experience.
4.5.1.5. The Contractor shall provide all materials and allow for all necessary operations
including accessories, tools, equipment, services, transportation, labour, and
work platforms required for installation and testing of H-piles.
4.5.1.6. The Contractor shall confirm design and install H-piles that will develop the load
capacities indicated on the Drawings without exceeding the maximum
settlement indicated on the Drawings.
4.5.1.7. The H-pile load capacities and maximum allowed settlement shall be confirmed
by static and/or dynamic load tests.
4.5.1.8. The integrity of the H-piles shall be verified through cross sonic log test and
interface core testing. The capacity of the H-piles shall be verified by load tests.
4.5.1.9. The Contractor shall submit construction details, structural details and load test
results of at least three previous successful H-pile load tests from different
projects, of similar scope of this project.
4.5.1.10. Contractor shall submit a method statement containing full details of all
materials, equipment and operations proposed for H-pile construction to
Engineer for approval before commencement of works.
4.5.2. Equipment
4.5.2.1. The Contractor shall provide all frames, equipment, lifting devices and labour
necessary for installing of piles. Only piling rigs approved by the Macao
Government shall be used by the Contractor.
4.5.2.2. The Engineer shall order the removal or replacement of any equipment
whenever he thinks that such equipment and staff are not suitable for the
works.
4.5.3. Tolerances
4.5.3.1. The pile heads shall be positioned as shown on the Drawings within a
maximum deviation of 75 mm in either direction from correct centre point.

4.5.3.2. The maximum permitted deviation of the finished pile from the vertical at any
level is 1 in 200. The Contractor shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the
Engineer that the pile verticality is within the allowable tolerance.
4.5.3.3. Cut off level of pile shall be as indicated on the Drawings ± 25 mm.
4.5.3.4. The encounter of obstructions during installation of the piles shall not relieve
the Contractor’s responsibility in achieving the required tolerances.
4.5.3.5. Should piles be installed outside these tolerances, the Contractor shall propose
and carry out immediate remedial measures to the approval of the Engineer.
The Contractor shall be responsible for the cost of design and execution of the
additional works considered necessary by the Engineer.
4.5.4. Materials
Steelworks
4.5.4.1. Permanent casing and H-piles shall be of approved quality, free from distortion,
internal projections and hardened grout.
4.5.4.2. Steelwork grades shall be as specified in the Drawings.
Grout
4.5.4.3. Grout shall consist of ordinary Portland cement and water with approved non-
shrinkage additive.
4.5.4.4. Where PFA is used, the maximum PFA content shall not exceed 25% of the
total cementitious content in the grout.
4.5.4.5. Other admixtures can be used when approved by the Engineer. The
manufacturer’s guidance shall be strictly followed.
4.5.4.6. A cement and sand mix is not allowed.
4.5.4.7. Grout shall have the minimum characteristic cube strength indicated in the
Drawings at 28 days of age.
4.5.4.8. Any approved admixtures shall be chloride-free and comply with BS EN 934.
4.5.4.9. The maximum total chloride content, expressed as a percentage relationship

between the chloride ion and the cementitious content by mass in the grout
shall be 0.1%.

4.5.4.10. Water for grout shall be clean fresh water having a temperature not exceeding
30°C nor less than 5°C.
4.5.4.11. Cement bags shall be stored in a dry, weatherproof store with a raised floor.
The storage area for more than 20 bags of cement shall be covered entirely by
impervious sheeting or sheltered on the top and the 3 sides.
4.5.5. Pile installation
Boring works
4.5.5.1. Before commencement of the boring works, the pile toe levels shall be
proposed by the Contractor and approved by the Engineer based on the pre-
drilling information and design requirements (refer to Drawings).
4.5.5.2. Permanent casing of approved quality shall be used to maintain borehole

stability during pile excavation.
4.5.5.3. The casing shall be lowered at the same time the hole is made and shall be
embedded 300 mm minimum on the bedrock.
4.5.5.4. Threaded joints shall be used for the connection of each casing segment to the
following one.
4.5.5.5. The use of bentonite slurry or other boring muds is prohibited.
4.5.5.6. Effective rock socket top level is the bottom level of the temporary casing.
4.5.5.7. The minimum lengths of rock socket below the effective rock socket top level
shall be as indicated in the Drawings. Those lengths shall be considered by the
Contractor as minimum and shall be increased as necessary to comply with the
Design criteria specified in the Drawings.
4.5.5.8. Before grouting, the bottom of the hole shall be cleaned by airlifting or other
alternative method approved by the Engineer.
Steelworks
4.5.5.9. The number of joints shall be as minimal as possible. The minimum length of
each H-pile segment forming the whole length of pile shall be 12 m except the
uppermost segment.
4.5.5.10. The bottommost H-pile segments shall be supplied on site with all the bonding
bars (refer to detail in the Drawings) already welded and tested.

4.5.5.11. Welded connections shall be carried out with approved methods, materials and
by qualified and certified welders, whose ability to perform acceptable welding
shall be fully demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
4.5.5.12. Before welding proceeds, the extension pile shall be accurately positioned and
true to line and vertical with the main piles.
4.5.5.13. Full penetration butt welds shall be carried out in the connection of each H-pile
segment to the following one.
4.5.5.14. The welded joints of piles shall not be lowered into the pile shaft within ONE
HOUR after they are completed.
Grouting
4.5.5.15. No pile grouting shall be carried out until the Engineer is satisfied with the
cleaning of the bottom of the socket and placing of steel H-pile, grouting pipes
and test pipes (if any).
4.5.5.16. Grout material shall be mixed by weight batching. The amount of water used
shall be measured by a calibrated flowmeter or a measuring tank.
4.5.5.17. The mixing time in high speed mixers shall be suitable for the type of mixer
used.
4.5.5.18. After mixing, the grout shall be continuously agitated in a holding tank and
screened before injection. The grout shall be put in place within the time limits
as specified by the manufacturers of the additives.
4.5.5.19. Grouting shall be carried out with two non-flexible grout pipes, one at each side
of the web of the steel H-pile. The lowest part of the grout pipes shall be as
close to the pile toe as possible and the grout pipes shall not be lifted up before
the completion of grouting.
4.5.5.20. Contractor shall agree with the Engineer on the method of measuring the grout
intake volume.
4.5.5.21. Grouting of a pile shall be in one continuous operation and under no

circumstances shall a pile be left partially grouted.
4.5.5.22. No un-grouted rock sockets shall be closer than 3m from a pile being grouted.
4.5.5.23. Newly grouted piles shall be properly covered and fenced off.
4.5.5.24. The entire pile shaft shall be filled solid with grout, without voids, honeycombing
or other defects, from the toe to the cut-off level indicated in the Drawings.

4.6. DAMAGED OR DISPLACED PILES
4.6.1. Should the pile deviation exceed the tolerance specified, the Contractor shall
submit his remedial proposal for the approval of the Engineer. If that fails, the
faulty pile shall be replaced by additional piles as necessary in positions to be
determined by the Engineer and at no cost for the Employer.
4.6.2. The cost of modification to pile cap and other structural members, if any, shall be
borne by the Contractor. The same will also apply to any piling work rejected by
the Engineer for not truly constructed and installed in accordance with the
specification.
4.6.3. Where a pile has been damaged during installation, testing or by other causes, the
damaged pile shall be considered and treated as a faulty pile and should be
replaced by additional piles as approved by the Engineer at the Contractor´s
expense.
4.6.4. Where piles have not been positioned within the specified limits, no method of
forcible correction will be permitted.
4.7. TRIMMING OF PILE HEADS
4.7.1. The pile heads shall be trimmed to the cut off level shown on the Drawings and
treated as required for connection to pile caps.
4.7.2. After trimming pile to cut-off level by the Contractor, the pile shall be inspected by
the Engineer. If in the engineer’s opinion, the pile is defective, the Contractor shall
be responsible to carry off necessary remedial work as required by the Engineer.
4.8. MONITORING OF GROUND AND BUILDING SETTLEMENT
4.8.1. Contractor shall install and maintain ground settlement and building settlement
markers on site.
4.8.2. The number and locations of these markers shall be determined by the Engineer.
4.8.3. The Contractor shall employ an approved independent registered professional

surveyor to carry out survey of the settlement markers once a fortnight during the
entire piling construction period.
4.8.4. 3 copies of the survey results shall be submitted to the Engineer within 3 days
after the survey of the markers.
4.9. TESTS

4.9.1. Contractor shall employ one or more approved independent specialist firms to
carry out all the tests specified in this document and others required by the
Engineer.
4.9.2. Inspection and testing of welds
4.9.2.1. All welds shall be inspected by competent personnel and the Contractor shall
provide any necessary labour and site conditions.
4.9.2.2. 50% of all welds shall be tested by ultrasonic non-destructive test, carried out
and interpreted by competent personnel. Contractor shall provide any
necessary labour and site conditions.
4.9.2.3. If welds are not to the satisfaction of the competent personnel in charge of
quality control of welds, the works for the pile shall stop immediately and the
Engineer notified at once.
4.9.2.4. Inspection and test reports shall be submitted to the Engineer within 48 hours
after being carried out.
4.9.3. Grout testing
4.9.3.1. A ‘batch’ of grout is any quantity of grout used for grouting in one continuous
operation in one day.
Test for bleeding and free expansion
4.9.3.2. Contractor shall provide one sample of the grout from each pile after mixing
and protect it from changes in moisture content before tests are carried out.
4.9.3.3. Each sample shall be divided into 3 specimens. Each specimen is to be placed
in a covered cylinder with a diameter of 100 ± 10mm to a depth of 100 ± 5mm
and the amount of bleeding and free expansion is measured by a scale fixed to
the outside of the cylinder.
Bleeding = 100% x (H2-Hg)/H1
Free Expansion = 100% x (H2-H1)/H1
H1 - initial height of grout sample
H2 - height of sample measured at upper surface of water layer or hardened

grout surface if water is fully absorbed
Hg- height of grout portion of sample at upper surface of grout

4.9.3.4. Measurements for bleeding shall be taken every 15 minutes. The amount of
bleeding shall not exceed 2% at the end of the first 3 hours and no interim
readings shall exceed 4%. In addition the water must be reabsorbed by the
grout within 24 hours after mixing.
4.9.3.5. Free expansion of grout when measured at the end of 24 hours after mixing
shall have a figure between 0% and 5%. A negative percentage figure shall not
be accepted.
4.9.3.6. Preliminary test results shall be submitted to the Engineer within 48 hours after
the mixing of grout.
4.9.3.7. If the results of the bleeding and free expansion tests of the grout for any pile
does not comply with the specified requirements, the Contractor shall propose
changes to improve the materials, grout mix or method of production, though
the failure does not constitute a failure of the pile.
4.9.3.8. If the free expansion of the grout for any pile has a negative figure, the
Contractor shall carry out test(s) at his own expense to demonstrate that the
pile can fulfill the original design requirements.
Flow cone efflux test
4.9.3.9. At least one sample from each pile shall be taken and tested in accordance
with ASTM C939 to determine the Flow Cone Efflux time.
4.9.3.10. Contractor shall agree with the Engineer the frequency of the test.
4.9.3.11. Unless prior approval of the Engineer for grout mixes containing additives,
grout having an efflux time of less than 15 seconds shall be rejected.
Test for crushing strength
4.9.3.12. Provide one sample of the grout for each pile after mixing and protect it from
changes in moisture content before making test cubes.
4.9.3.13. Cubes shall be prepared using 100 mm cube moulds.
4.9.3.14. Two cubes shall be made from the sample and tested at 7 and 28 days of age.
4.9.3.15. No cube at 28 days of age shall have a lower compression strength than the
one specified in the Drawings.
4.9.3.16. Cube test results at 7 days of age shall be submitted to the Engineer within 48
hours after carrying out the tests.
4.9.4. Pile Testing

Interface coring test
4.9.4.1. 20% of the total number of piles shall be subject to interface core testing on the
hardened grout/bottom of bedrock socket interface.
4.9.4.2. To facilitate such coring, one mild steel tube terminated at 0.6 m above the
founding level and of 100 mm internal diameter shall be fixed to every test pile.
4.9.4.3. Interface cores shall be inspected by the Engineer for approval of construction
of tested pile on founding level.
4.9.4.4. The test tubes shall be filled with water before grouting. All tubes shall be filled
up by pressure grouting upon completion of all testing.
Cross sonic log tests
4.9.4.5. This test shall be carried out and interpreted by competent personnel on all
piles. Contractor shall provide any necessary labour and site conditions.
4.9.4.6. If pile test results fail, the Engineer shall be notified at once.
4.9.4.7. Test reports shall be submitted to the Engineer within 48 hours after being
carried out.

Static load tests
4.9.4.8. At least ONE static load test on pile type P2 shall be carried out to confirm
required pile capacities, estimated settlement and design assumptions.
4.9.4.9. Maximum test load shall be 1.0 times the service load indicated on the
Drawings.
4.9.4.10. Unless otherwise shown on the Drawings, the piles to be tested shall be
indicated by the Engineer.
4.9.4.11. Special care shall be taken during testing procedures to avoid damaging the
piles as they will be part of the permanent foundations.
4.9.4.12. Apart from the value of the maximum test load indicated previously, all testing
procedures shall be in accordance with ASTM-D1143.
4.9.4.13. The reaction structure for the tests shall be designed, supplied and erected by
the Contractor upon prior approval from the Engineer.
4.9.4.14. The piles before and after the piles to be tested (same row) can be used in the
reaction structure provided special care is taken by the Contractor as not to
damage the piles. In this case, readings for the piles in tension shall be taken
and recorded in the same way as for the pile being tested under compression.
4.9.4.15. If a pile fails the static load test, the Contractor shall propose remedial
measures for the approval of the Engineer. In addition, further static load tests
shall be carried out on two other piles in the vicinity. The cost of the additional
static load tests shall be borne by the Contractor.
4.9.4.16. The static load tests shall be carried out as soon as possible so as to allow any
correction to the construction method by the Contractor.
4.10. AS BUILT DRAWINGS
4.10.1. The Contractor shall keep record of the installation of each pile and submit two
signed copies of the record to the Engineer not later than 24 hours after the pile
has been installed.
4.10.2. The record shall give the following information in an approved format:
a) Pile reference number,
n) Date and time of boring,
o) Soil samples taken and in situ test carried out if any,
p) Date pile was installed,

q) Pile type and size,
r) Pile deviation and verticality,
s) Date of grouting,
t) Position of pile in the works and ground level at pile position,
u) Working level,
v) Boring rates and material encountered,
w) Samples of rock cutting flushing in the rock socket,
x) Depth from working level to pile toe,
y) Toe level,
z) Depth from working level to pile head level,
aa) Depth and level of top of rock socket,
bb) Length and toe level of temporary casing,
cc) Length of steel H-pile,
dd) Grout mix,
ee) Volume of grout in pile (actual and theoretical),
ff) Details of obstructions, delays and other interruptions to sequence of work,
gg) Flow rate and total time required for the grouting operation,
hh) Grouting pressure used,
ii) Contours of rock head inferred from drill hole logs,
jj) Any other data requested by the Engineer.
4.10.3. On completion of all piling works, submit to the Engineer two copies of record
piling plans showing, as appropriate, the position, identity number, size, verticality,
orientation and levels of top and bottom of each pile installed.
4.10.4. The position of the piles shall be verified by a licensed Surveyor.
5. EARTHWORKS
5.1. GENERAL

5.1.1. Earthworks material which is required to be disposed of by the Contractor shall
become the property of the Contractor when it is removed from the Site and shall
be disposed to an approved dumping site, unless otherwise stated in the Contract
documents.
5.1.2. The design of Temporary Works associated with earthworks, including temporary
lateral support systems, slopes, stockpiles and drainage, shall be such that the
risk of failure is not more than that which would be adopted if the Temporary
Works were to be permanent.
5.1.3. Earthworks material shall not be handled or stored in a manner which will result in
segregation, deterioration, erosion or instability of the material.
5.1.4. Different types of earthworks material shall be kept separate from each other.
Earthworks material which is suitable for use as fill material shall be maintained in
a suitable condition and shall not be contaminated.
5.1.5. Earthworks shall be protected from damage due to water and from exposure to
weather conditions which may affect the earthworks or earthworks material. The
measures to be taken shall include the following:
a) surfaces shall be maintained in a stable condition and shall be formed to falls

to shed water and to prevent ponding;
h) the area of exposed surfaces shall be kept to a minimum.
5.1.6. Material provided to replace earthworks material which has been allowed to
become unsuitable or which the Contractor causes or allows to deteriorate shall be
an equivalent material approved by the Engineer. The replacement material shall
have the same volume after compaction as the material replaced.
5.1.7. The material which is to be replaced shall be disposed of by the Contractor.
5.1.8. Earthworks material which is not stated in the Contract to be excavated but which
in the opinion of the Engineer has inadequate strength, durability or stability shall
be dealt with by additional excavation and filling, according to the Engineer´s
instructions.
5.1.9. Earthworks material which is required for use in the permanent work as fill material
shall not be removed from the Site unless permitted by the Engineer. The
Contractor shall notify the Engineer before any earthworks material is removed
from the Site.
5.2. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION

5.2.1. The method of construction used shall cause the minimum possible disturbance of
the sub-soil and shall not give rise to any condition that might cause damage to
adjacent roads, services, structures or properties.
5.2.2. The Contractor shall be responsible for any damage and the consequence thereof
which may arise due to the method of construction adopted.
5.2.3. Should the effects of ground movement be detected in any adjoining property, the
Contractor shall modify the method of construction. In that event no additional
payment shall be made or extension in time allowed.
5.2.4. Before commencement of the works, the Contractor shall submit a method
statement explaining in a clear manner all the methods and procedures that will be
used for executing the earthworks, including but not limited to the following:
a) Site plant throughout bulk earthworks phase;
b) haulage vehicles and equipment to carry out the earthworks;
c) methods of excavation and of deposition and compaction of fill material;
d) temporary structures and shoring systems necessary to carry out the works;
e) use of different types of excavated material and sources of imported fill material;
f) arrangements for stockpiling excavated and fill material, as well as for disposing of
earthworks material;
g) particulars of the compaction tests that will be used for determining and verifying
compaction levels on Site;
h) methods of controlling the moisture content of fill material;
i) methods of controlling surface water and groundwater and of protecting

earthworks and earthworks material from damage due to water and from weather
conditions which may affect the earthworks or earthworks material;
j) methods of monitoring groundwater levels on Site;
5.2.5. The method statement shall be submitted to the Engineer at least 14 days before
the relevant work starts.
5.3. EXCAVATION
5.3.1. Excavated material which in the opinion of the Engineer cannot be selected,
processed or mixed in a practical manner to make it suitable for use in the
permanent work as fill material shall be disposed of by the Contractor unless
otherwise stated in the Contract.

5.3.2. Excavated material which is surplus to the requirements of the permanent work
shall be disposed of by the Contractor unless otherwise stated in the Contract.
5.3.3. Excavated material required for use in the permanent work which is capable of
being selected, processed and mixed to make it suitable for use as fill material
shall not be used for any other purposes unless permitted by the Engineer.
5.3.4. Excavated material which is required for use in the permanent work as fill material
and which the Engineer permits to be removed from the Site or used for other
purposes shall be replaced by an equivalent material approved by the Engineer.
The replacement material shall have the same volume after compaction as the
material replaced.
5.3.5. The Contractor shall inform the Engineer without delay of the nature and location
of any unforeseen obstruction encountered during excavation.
5.3.6. Boulders which intersect the earthworks final surface or formation shall be dealt
with as excavation proceeds by methods agreed by the Engineer. Boulders shall
not be left protruding unless permitted by the Engineer.
5.3.7. Unless otherwise stated, shoring systems or other temporary lateral

supports shall be designed, supplied and installed by the Contractor. These
supports shall be used to maintain excavations in a stable condition and to
prevent settlement of structures or utilities due to excavation or dewatering.
5.3.8. Constructional Plant or other vehicles shall not be operated or parked adjacent to
excavations and earthworks material or other materials shall not be placed
adjacent to excavations unless this has been allowed for in the design of the
Temporary Works for the support of the excavation.
5.3.9. Excavations shall be carried out by hand adjacent to utilities that are known,
proven or suspected to exist.
5.3.10. Unless otherwise permitted by the Engineer excavations next to structures shall be
carried out by hand.
5.3.11. Excavations for structures, pits and trenches shall be the minimum size necessary
to construct the permanent work. The sides of excavations shall be as required to
ensure the safety of the works.
5.3.12. The length of trench excavation left open at any one time shall not exceed that
agreed by the Engineer.
5.3.13. Unless permitted by the Engineer, trenches for utilities in areas of fill shall not be
excavated until the fill material has been deposited and compacted up to the
earthworks final surface or formation or up to 1 m above the top of the utility,
whichever is lower.

5.3.14. Blasting on Site is not permitted unless authorized by the Engineer.
5.4. FILL MATERIAL
5.4.1. Fill material shall consist of naturally occurring or processed material which at the
time of deposition is capable of being compacted in accordance with the specified
requirements to form stable areas of fill.
5.4.2. Fill material shall not contain any of the following:
a) material susceptible to volume change, including marine mud, soil with a liquid
limit exceeding 65% or a plasticity index exceeding 35%, swelling clays and
collapsible soils;
b) peat, vegetation, timber, organic, soluble or perishable material;
c) dangerous or toxic material or material susceptible to combustion;
d) metal, rubber, plastic or synthetic material.
5.4.3. Special fill material shall consist of material which has a liquid limit not exceeding
45%, a plasticity index not exceeding 20% and a coefficient of uniformity
exceeding 50.
5.4.4. Granular fill material shall consist of clean, hard, durable material.
5.4.5. Rock fill material shall consist of pieces of hard, durable rock of which in the
opinion of the Engineer not more than 30% by mass is discoloured or shows other
evidence of decomposition. Crushed rock or crushed concrete may be permitted
subject to approval by the Engineer.
5.4.6. The soluble sulphate content of fill material placed within 500 mm of concrete,
cement bound material or cementitious material shall not exceed 1.9 grams of
sulphate, expressed as SO3, per litre.
5.4.7. Well-graded material shall consist of material which has a coefficient of uniformity
exceeding 10.
5.4.8. Uniform-graded material shall consist of material which has a coefficient of

uniformity of 10 or less.
5.5. DEPOSITION OF FILL MATERIAL
5.5.1. Fill material shall be obtained from excavation within the Site. If there is insufficient
fill material, imported fill material shall be provided by the Contractor from sources
outside the Site.

5.5.2. Surfaces on which fill material is to be deposited shall be prepared in accordance
with the following requirements:
a) Topsoil, grass and other organic matter shall be removed;
b) Soft spots, boulders and other materials which in the opinion of the Engineer are
unsuitable or unstable shall be removed;
c) Watercourses shall be diverted;
d) Voids shall be dealt with as instructed by the Engineer;
e) Surfaces other than rock shall be scarified to a depth of 200 mm and compacted
to the same standard as the fill material which is to be deposited.
5.5.3. The permission of the Engineer shall be obtained before deposition of fill material
starts in any area of fill.
5.5.4. Haulage of fill material to an area of fill shall proceed only when the topmost layer
of fill has met the compaction requirements.
5.5.5. Fill material obtained from excavations within the Site shall be deposited in its final
location as soon as practicable after it has been excavated.
5.5.6. Fill material shall be deposited in layers of a thickness appropriate to the

compaction method to be used but not greater than 0.30 m unless approved by
the Engineer.
5.5.7. Unless otherwise permitted by the Engineer, layers of fill material shall be
horizontal, except for any gradient required for drainage, and the thickness of each
layer shall be uniform over the area to be filled.
5.5.8. Except in excavations for structures, pits and trenches, if the difference in level
between adjacent areas to be filled exceeds 1 m, the edge of the higher area shall
be benched before fill material is placed against it.
5.5.9. The construction of the Works shall be controlled in such a manner that any
compaction of the fill material resulting from the passage of Constructional Plant or
haulage vehicles is uniform.
5.5.10. Fill material shall not be deposited by end-tipping, by pushing loose material down
slope faces or by other methods which may result in segregation or inadequate
compaction of the fill material.
5.5.11. In areas of fill formed of fill material other than rock fill material, earthworks final
surfaces sloping at a gradient exceeding 1 vertical to 3 horizontal shall be formed
by overfilling and cutting back after compaction.

5.5.12. Over-filling shall extend beyond the earthworks final surface by a horizontal
distance of 0.5 m or three times the thickness of the compacted layer, whichever is
greater.
5.5.13. Fill material deposited within 0.5 m of a structure or utility shall be fine fill material
unless otherwise stated in the Contract documents. In addition, the material may
contain up to 5% by weight of fresh, slightly decomposed or moderately
decomposed rock fragments of up to 200 mm provided that these do not cause
any damage to structures, nor do they interfere with the compaction requirements.
5.5.14. Fill material shall not be deposited adjacent to or above structures or utilities until
the construction of the structure or utility is sufficiently advanced to accept the
imposed forces without disturbance or damage.
5.5.15. Fill material shall be deposited evenly on all sides of structures and utilities and in
such a manner that the structure or utility is not disturbed or damaged.
5.5.16. Unless otherwise stated in the Contract, fill material around water, sewage and
drainage pipes which are constructed as part of the permanent work shall be
special fill material. They shall be deposited in layers not exceeding 100 mm thick
to a level of 300 mm above the top of the pipe. The fill material shall be deposited
in such a manner that the layer on one side of the pipe is not more than 100 mm
higher than the layer on the other side.
5.5.17. The final compacted thickness of each layer of rock fill material shall exceed 1.5
times and shall not exceed twice the nominal grade size of the rock fill material.
5.5.18. The surface voids of each layer of rock fill material shall be filled with fragments of
rock before the next layer is deposited. The final surface of rock fill material shall
also be blinded with fine fill material.
5.5.19. If sheet piling, timbering or other temporary supports to excavations for structures,
pits and trenches are not to be left in place, the sheet piling, timbering or supports
shall be removed as deposition of fill material proceeds. The supports shall be
removed in such a manner that the stability of the adjacent ground is maintained
and the compacted fill material is not disturbed.
5.6. COMPACTION OF FILL MATERIAL
5.6.1. Fill material in areas of fill shall be compacted in layers to a stable condition as
soon as practicable after deposition and in a manner appropriate to the location
and to the material to be compacted.
5.6.2. The permission of the Engineer shall be obtained before the next layer is
deposited over each layer of compacted fill material.

5.6.3. Fill material shall be compacted to at least 95% of the maximum density obtained
in the Modified Proctor test for the material used in the fill, throughout the whole fill
area unless otherwise stated in the Contract documents or instructed by the
Engineer.
5.6.4. Fill material other than rock fill material shall be at optimum moisture content
during compaction, determined by the Modified Proctor test. The tolerance on the
optimum moisture content percentage shall be ±3%, provided that the fill material
is still capable of being compacted to the level specified. All necessary measures
shall be taken to achieve and maintain the specified moisture content.
5.6.5. Fill material shall be compacted in such a manner that structures or utilities are not
disturbed or damaged.
5.6.6. Fill material around water, sewage and drainage pipes which are constructed as
part of the permanent work shall be compacted by hand-rammers or manually
operated power equipment. Fill material within 300 mm above the top of sewage
and drainage pipes shall be compacted to obtain a relative compaction of at least
85% of the maximum density obtained in the Modified Proctor test throughout.
5.6.7. Every layer of rock fill material shall be compacted by at least eight passes of a
vibrating roller or by other equivalent compaction method approved by the
Engineer. The final surface of rock fill material shall be compacted by at least two
additional passes of a vibrating roller or by other equivalent compaction method
approved by the Engineer.
5.6.8. Vibratory rollers used for the compaction of rock fill material shall have a static
load per 100 mm width of roll of at least 2 kN for layers with a compacted
thickness not exceeding 500 mm and at least 4 kN for layers with a compacted
thickness exceeding 500 mm.
5.6.9. The number of passes of the roller shall only be counted when the roller is
travelled on the material to be compacted at a speed of not more than 2 km per
hour with full vibration. The plant other than vibratory roller to carry out material
spreading or to provide some preliminary compaction only to assist the use of
heavier plant shall be disregarded in counting the number of passes.
5.6.10. Before any fill compaction works are carried out, the Contractor shall notify the
Engineer in writing, 24 hours prior to the commencement of the works.
5.6.11. When materials of widely divergent grading are used in embankments and fill
areas, they shall be spread and compacted in separate clearly defined areas.
5.6.12. If more than one class of material is being used in such a way that in the opinion of
the Engineer it is not practicable to define the areas in which each class occurs,
compaction plant shall be operated as if only the material which requires the
greatest compaction effort is being compacted.

5.7. COMPLETION OF EARTHWORKS SURFACES
5.7.1. Earthworks final surfaces shall be completed to a stable condition as soon as

practicable after excavation or after deposition and compaction of fill material has
been completed. The subsequent permanent work or surface protection shall be
carried out as soon as practicable after the earthworks final surface has been
completed.
5.7.2. Earthworks final surfaces shall be completed to smooth alignments without abrupt
irregularities unless otherwise stated in the Contract documents.
5.7.3. Earthworks final surfaces and formations shall be maintained in a stable condition
and shall be protected from damage due to water or other causes and from
exposure to conditions which may adversely affect the surface.
5.7.4. Formations shall not be used by Constructional Plant or vehicles other than those
which in the opinion of the Engineer are essential to construct the subsequent
work.

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Governo Da Raem: Número Doc. Doc. Number Emissão Issue Data Emisão Issue Date

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澳門特別行政區政府

COMISSÃO DO GRANDE PRÉMIO DE MACAU

1047_PE_ES_TS_EN 第一次 1st Issue 09/01/2013

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS

1.2. CARE OF THE WORKS.......................................................................................................5

1.3. DAMAGE AND INTERFERENCE........................................................................................5

1.4. LIAISON WITH OTHERS.....................................................................................................8

1.5. SITE CLEANLINESS........................................................................................................... 8

1.6. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT..........................................................................................9

1.8. WORKMANSHIP AND TOLERANCES..............................................................................12

1.9. SITE ESTABLISHMENT....................................................................................................12

3.3. PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES.......................................................................................18

4.4. SETTING OUT................................................................................................................... 30

4.5. ROCK SOCKETED STEEL H-PILES.................................................................................30

4.6. DAMAGED OR DISPLACED PILES..................................................................................34

4.7. TRIMMING OF PILE HEADS.............................................................................................34

4.8. MONITORING OF GROUND AND BUILDING SETTLEMENT..........................................35

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 2/48

4.10. AS BUILT DRAWINGS......................................................................................................39

5.2. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION........................................................................................41

5.4. FILL MATERIAL................................................................................................................43

5.5. DEPOSITION OF FILL MATERIAL....................................................................................44

5.6. COMPACTION OF FILL MATERIAL.................................................................................46

5.7. COMPLETION OF EARTHWORKS SURFACES..............................................................47

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 3/48

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 4/48

1.2. CARE OF THE WORKS

1.3. DAMAGE AND INTERFERENCE

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 5/48

b) buildings and infrastructures;

c) roads including street furniture or other property;

d) public or private vehicular or pedestrian accesses;

e) trees, graves or burial urns.

1.3.9. A sufficient number of piezometers and survey points shall be installed to

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 6/48

1.3.15. Temporary supports and protection to infrastructures shall be provided by methods

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 7/48

c) discovery of infrastructures not mentioned on drawings provided by

d) diversion, removal, repositioning or re-erection of infrastructures which are

b) date on which utility was encountered;

c) nature and size of utility;

e) temporary or permanent supports provided.

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 8/48

1.4. LIAISON WITH OTHERS

1.5. SITE CLEANLINESS

1.6. MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 9/48

1.7.2. A sample is a specified amount, or a specified number of pieces or units, taken

1.7.3. A specimen is a portion of a sample which is to be tested.

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 10/48

a) clearly identify all batches of materials arrived on Site. The identification

c) establish and maintain a record system showing identification marks, testing

d) in connection with the above, submit a proposal of stock management system

a) the sample complies with the specified requirements;

f) the sample is not damaged.

489331015.doc DEMOLITIONS AND FOUNDATIONS 11/48

b) material has been handled or stored in such a manner that it is no longer

a) independent Laboratories with no affiliation as a legal entity to the Contractor

b) particulars of the Laboratories proposed by the Contractor are submitted to