COURSE OUTLINE IN

CIVIL LAW REVIEW 1

(Persons and Family Relations, Property, and Succession)
First Semester, Academic Year 2020-2021

REFERENCES AND OTHER MATERIALS:

1. TOLENTINO, CIVIL CODE, Commentaries & Jurisprudence, Volume 1
2. Civil Code of the Philippines Annotated by Edgardo L. Paras, latest ed.
2. Civil Law Review – Jurado, latest ed.
3. Civil Law Review – Rabuya, latest ed.

Part One
Reading Assignments:
PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS

I. EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS NCC 1 - 18

A. When law takes effect NCC 2 Revised Administrative Code (RAC) Secs. 18-24 Exec. Order
200, Sec. 2
Tañada v. Tuvera 136 SCRA 27
PVB Employees v. Vega, G.R. No. 105364, 28 June 2001
Lara v. del Rosario, G.R. No. L-6339, April 20, 1954
Philippine International Trading Corp vs. Angelis, G.R. No. 108461, October 21, 1996
Victoria’s Milling Corporation v. Social Security Commission, G.R. No. L-16704, March 17,
1962
Roy v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 80718 January 29, 1988
People vs. Que Po Lay, G.R. No. L-6971, March 29, 1954
Fuentes vs. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, April 21, 2010
Commissioner v Hypermix, G.R. No. 179579, February 1, 2012
Acaac v Azcuna, Jr., G.R. No. 187378, SEP 30, 2013
B. Ignorance of the law NCC 3
US v. Ah Chong 15 SCRA GR No. L-5272, Mar. 19, 1910
Yapyuco v. SandiganbayanG.R. Nos. 120744-46, June 25, 2012
Yao Kee v. GonzalesG.R. No. L-55960November 24, 1988
KASILAG VS. RODRIGUEZ, 69 PHIL 217
Elegado v. Court of Appeals, 173 SCRA 285
DM Consunji vs. CA, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001
Millarosa vs. Carmel Dev., Inc., G.R. No. 194538, November 27, 2013
C. Retroactivity of laws NCC 4, cf. NCC 2252 - 2269 Revised Penal Code (RPC) 22 Family
Code (FC) 256
Municipal Government of Coron vs. Carińo, G.R. No. L-65894, September 24, 1987
David v Agbay, G.R. No. 199113, March 18, 2015
Simon v Chan, G.R. No. 157547, February 23, 2011
Francisco vs. CA , G.R. No. 102330. November 25, 1998
(CF: Pesca vs. Pesca, G.R. No. 136921. April 17, 2001)
Marcelino Buyco v. PNB, G.R. No. L-14406 June 30, 1961
People v. Patalin, G.R. No. 125539, July 27, 1999
Manuel Rodriguez v. Director of Prisons, G.R. No. 37914, August 29, 1932
Larga v. Ranada, G.R. No. L-79576, August 3, 1988.
Ferrer v. Pecson, G.R. No. L-5221, October 27, 1952
Tayag v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 95229, June 9, 1992
Frivaldo v. Comelec, G.R. No. 87193, June 23, 1989
DBP v. CA (Pe), G.R. No. 97998, January 27, 1992

D. Mandatory or Prohibitory Laws NCC Art. 5 with NCC Art. 17 (3)

Nerwin v PNOC, G.R. No. 167057, April 11, 2012

E. Waiver of rights NCC 6, Chapter VIII, Book I of the Administrative Code of 1987
DM Consunji vs. CA, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001
Dela Cruz v. Dela Cruz, G.R. No. 192383, December 4, 2013.
Dona Adela v Tidcorp, G.R. No. 201931, February 11, 2015
Aujero V PhilComSat, G.R. No. 193484, January 18, 2012
 Go, Jr. vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 172027, July 29, 2010
Quiao vs. Quiao, G.R. No. 176556, July 4, 2012
F.F. Cruz & Co., Inc. vs. HR Construction Corp., G.R. No. 187521, March 14, 2012
Guy vs. CA, 502 SCRA 151 (2006)
CUI vs. Arellano University
F. Repeal of laws NCC 7 cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XVIII Sec. 3 FC 254 Chapter 5, Sections
21-22, Administrative Code of 1987
Thornton vs. Thornton, Aug. 16, 2004
Kida v Senate, G.R. No. 196271, February 28, 2012
Yinlu Bicol v Trans-Asia, G.R. No. 207942, Jan. 12 2015
Iloilo Palay and Corn Planters, Association, Inc. vs. Feliciano, 13 SCRA 377
Aguetas vs. CA, 261 SCRA 17
People v Pimentel, G.R. No. 100210, April 1, 1998
BUSCAYNO vs. Military Commission, G.R. NO. 58284, 19 NOVEMBER 1981
People v. Concepcion, G.R. No. L-19190, November 29, 1922
Lichauco v. Apostol, G.R. No. L-19628, December 4, 1922
De Agbayani v. PNB, G.R. No. L-23127, April 29, 1971
YNOT vs. Intermediate Apellate Court, G.R. No. 74457, March 20, 1987
G. Judicial Decisions /Stare Decisis NCC 8
Millarosa vs. Carmel Dev., Inc., G.R. No. 194538, November 27, 2013
Miranda vs. Imperial, 77 Phil. 1066
Fujiki vs. Marinay, et al, G.R. No. 196049, June 26, 2013
People vs. Jabinal, 55 SCRA 607
PLDT vs. Alvarez, 718 SCRA 54 (2014)
The Insular Life Assurance Co. Ltd. Employees Association-NATU vs. The Insular Life
Assurance Co., Ltd., 37 SCRA 244
Ayala Corporation vs. Rosa-Diana Realty and Development Corp., 346 SCRA 663
Urbano vs. Chavez, 183 SCRA 347
Tan chong vs. Sec. of Labor, 79 Phil. 249
Delta Motors Corp. vs. CA, 276 SCRA 212
Pesca vs. Pesca, G.R. No. 136921. April 17, 2001
De Castro v JBC, G.R. No. 191002, April 20, 2010
Virtucio v Alegarbes, G.R. No. 187451, August 29, 2012
Republic v Rehman Enterprises, GR 199310, Feb.19, 2014
UCPB v Uy, GR 204039, Jan. 10, 2018
Caltex vs. Palomar, 15 SCRA 247
H. Duty to render judgment NCC 9, 10 RPC 5
People v. Ritter 194 SCRA 690
Alonzo v Padua, 150 SCRA 379
Barcellano v Barza, GR 165287, September 14, 2011
People v. Veneracion, G.R. Nos. 119987-88, October 12, 1995
In the Matter of the Adoption of Stephanie Astorga, G.R. No. 148311, March 31, 2005
Salvacion v Central Bank, G.R. No. 94723, August 21, 1997
I. Effect of Doubt in Interpretation or Application of Laws NC10
Gonzales vs. Gonzales, 58 Phil. 67
Mendiola vs. CA, 258 SCRA 492
j. Presumption and Applicability of Custom NCC 11 - 12 cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XII Sec. 5
Rules of Court Rule 129 (2), (3)
Martinez v. Van Buskirk, 18 Phil. 79
Tomawis v Balindong, G.R. No. 182434, March 5, 2010 (en banc)
Cruz vs. Secretary of the Department of Energy and Natural Resources 347 SCRA 138
In re Authority to Continue Use of Firm Name Sycip, 92 SCRA 12
J. Legal periods NCC 13 cf. Rules of Court (ROC) Rule 22 EO 292
Commr. v. Aichi Forging, G.R. No. 184823, October 6, 2010
Internal Revenue v Primetown, GR 162155, August 28, 2007

II. CONFLICT OF LAWS NCC 14, Art. 2, Revised Penal Code

K. Binding effect NCC 15 cf. FC 26 par. 2
Tenchavez v. Escaño 15 SCRA 355
Board of Commissioners vs. de la Rosa, 197 SCRA 853
Yao Kee v Gonzales, 167 SCRA 736 (1988)
ATCI Overseas Corp vs. Echin, G.R. No. 178551, Oct. 11, 2010
People v. Tulin, G.R. No. 111709, August 30, 2001
US v. Bull, G.R. No. L-5270, January 15, 1910
 NCC15
Recto v. Harden, G.R. No. L-22174, July 21, 1967
Van Dorn v. Romillo, G.R. No, G.R. No. 80116, June 30, 1989
L. Nationality Principle NCC 16
Aznar v Garcia, 7 SCRA 95 (1963)
Amos v Bellis, 20 SCRA 358 (1967)
Tayag v Benguet Consolidated, GR L-23145, Nov. 29, 1968
Del Socorro v Van Wilsem, GR 193707, Dec. 10, 2014
Lavada vs. Heirs of Juan Luces Luna, 730 SCRA 376 (2014)
Garcia vs. Recio, 366 SCRA 437 (2001)
Bayot vs. CA, 570 SCRA 472 (2008)
Van Dorn vs. Romillo, Jr., 139 SCRA 139, 143 (1985)
Republic vs. Orbecido III, 472 SCRA 114 (2005)
Republic vs. Manalo, G.R. No. No. 221029, April 24, 2018
Bellis vs. Bellis (20 SCRA 358)
M. Principle of Lex Rei Sitae NCC 16 cf. NCC 1039
Orion Savings Bank vs. Suzuki, 740 SCRA 345 (2014)
CHRISTENSEN V AZNAR, G.R. No. L-16749, January 31, 1963
Laurel v. Garcia, G.R. No. 92013, July 25, 1990
N. Principle of Lex Loci Celebrationis NCC 16
Hasegawe vs. Nikamura, G.R. No. 149177, November 23, 2007
O. Effect of Foreign Laws, Judgments or Conventions Upon Prohibitory Laws NCC 17
Bank of America v. American Realty Corporation, 321 SCRA 659
Kazuhiro Hasegawa vs. Kitamura, G.R. No. 149177, November 23, 2007
Raytheon v Rouzie, GR 162894, February 26, 2008
Tenchavez vs. Escano, 15 SCRA 355
CADALIN V POEA, G.R. No. L-104776 December 5, 1994
Del Soccoro vs. Van Wilsem, 744 SCRA 516 (2014)
NCC 18
Tamano v Ortiz, G.R. No. 126603, June 29, 1998
Llave vs Republic, GR 169766, March 30, 2011
Zamoranos v People, G.R. No. 193902, June 1, 2011
Villagracia v Sharia, GR 188832, April 23, 2014

III. HUMAN RELATIONS

1. Standard of Conduct NCC 19-20
Dole Philippines, Inc. vs. Rodriguez, 678 SCRA 651 (2012)
Albenson Enterprises Corporation vs. Court of Appeals, 217 SCRA 16 (1993)
Serfino vs. Far East Bank and Trust Co., 683 SCRA 380 (2012)
Valenzuela,et al. vs. Shell Corp. of the Phil., et al. vs. The Hon. CA, 190 SCRA 1, G.R.
No. 83122, October 19, 19990
A. Abuse of Rights
Uypitching vs. Quiamco, G.R. No. 146322, December 6, 2006
Villanueva vs. Rosqueta, G.R. No. 180764, January 19, 2010
California Clothing Inc. et. al. vs. Quiňones (G.R. No. 175822, October 23, 2013)
Petrophil Corporation vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 122796, December 10, 2001
Albensons Enterprises Corp. vs. CA, 217 SCRA 18
Globe Mackay Cable & Radio Corp. vs. Court of Appeals et. al. (G.R. No. 81262,
August 25, 1989)
B. Acts Contra Bonus Mores NCC 21
Nikko Hotel Manila Garden, GR. No. 154259, February 28, 2005
Manila Doctors v. Chua & Ty, GR NO. 150355, Jul 31, 2006

C. Breach of Promise to Marry NCC 19 – 22

Wassmer v. Velez 12 SCRA 648
Tanjanco v. CA 18 SCRA 994
Baksh v. CA, 219 SCRA 115
Abanag v Mabute, AM P-11-2922, April 4, 2011
Pe vs. Pe, G.R. No. L-17396, May 30, 1962
Victorino vs. Nora, G.R. No. 13158-R, October 26, 1995
D. Malicious Prosecution
Ms. Violeta Yasona vs. Rodencio and Jovencio Ramos, G.R. No. 156339, October 6,
2004
Pro Line Sports Center, Inc. vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 118192, October 23, 1997
Limanch-O Hotel and Leasing Corp. vs. City of Olongapo, G.R. No. 185121, January
18, 2010
2. Unjust Enrichment NCC22 and 23
Reyes vs. Lim, G.R. No. 134241, August 11, 2003
3. Disadvantaged Parties
Shinryo (Philippines) Company, Inc. vs. RRN, Inc., G.R. No. 172525, October 20, 2010
4. Thoughtless Extravagance NCC 25
5. Violation of Privacy and Dignity NCC 25
Prosser and Pollo vs. Constantino-David, G.R. No. 181881, October 11, 2011
Lagunzad vs. Vda. De Gonzales
6. Neglect of Duty NCC 27
7. Monopolies and Unfair Competition NCC 28
8. Dependent and Independent Civil Action Rule 111, Section 2(b) of the Rules of Court, NCC
31-34
Manliclic vs. Calaunan, G.R. No. 150157, January 25, 2007, 512 SCRA 642
People vs. Bayotas, G.R. No. 102007, September 2, 1994
Newsounds Broadcasting Networks vs. Dy, G.R. No. 170270 and 17911, April 2, 2009
Lim vs. De Leon, 66 SCRA 299 (1975)
MERALCO vs. Spouses Chua, G.R. No. 160422, July 5, 2010
MPH Garments, Inc. vs. CA, 236 SCRA 227 (1994)
Capuno and Capuno vs. Pepsi-Cola Bottling Company, G.R. No. L-19331, April 30,
1965
9. Prejudicial Question NCC 36
Zapanta vs. Montesa (L-14534, February 28, 1962)
Beltran vs. People (G.R. No. 137567, June 20, 2000)

IV. PERSONS & PERSONALITY

A. The concept of a ‘person’ and ‘personality’, NCC 37 - 39
Classes of persons and their distinctions
Elements of civil capacity
Juridical capacity v. personality
Juridical capacity v. capacity to act
1. Natural Persons
(a) Birth
NCC 40 - 41 1987 Constitution, Art. II Sec. 12 P.D. 603 [Child and
Youth Welfare Code], Art. 5 FC 164, 2nd par. , FC 180 RPC Arts. 256 - 259
Geluz v. CA 2 SCRA 801
Quimiging v. Icao 34 SCRA 134
De Jesus v. Syquia 58 Phil 866
Continental Steel v. Montano, GR 182836, October 13, 2009
(b) Death NCC 42
Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Pio Fragante 80 Phil 776
Dumlao v. Quality Plastics 70 SCRA 472
Eugenio v. Velez 185 SCRA 425
Marcos v. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211. Oct. 27, 1989
Valino v Adriano, GR 182894, April 22, 2014

NCC 43 ROC Rule 131 Sec. 3 (jj) - (kk) (1989 Rev. Rules on Evidence)
Continental Steel Manufacturing Corporation v. Accredited Voluntary Arbitrator, G.R. NO.
182836 , October 13, 2009
Joaquin v. Navarro 93 Phil 257
Eastern Shipping Lines v. Josephine Lucero, G.R. No. L-60101, August 31, 1983
Victory Shipping Lines v. Workmen Compensation Commission, G.R. No. L-9268,
November 28, 1959
2. Juridical Persons
NCC 44-47 Batas Pambansa Blg. 68 (Corp. Code), Secs. 2, 4, 17 NCC 1767-
17682. (See Revised Corporation Code RA 11232 )
Roldan vs. Philippine Veterans Board (105 Phil. 1081)

3. Presumption of capacity
Catalan vs. Basa, G.R. No. 159567, July 31, 2007
 4. Restrictions on capacity to act
NCC 38 - 39, cf. NCC 1327
(a) Minority
1. Age of majority, R.A. 6809, FC 234, 236, 221, 225
2. A.M. NO. 03-02-05-SC Rules on Guardianship
3. Suffrage, Sec. 1 Art. V 1987 Constitution [cf. Sangguniang
Kabataan]
4. Marriage, FC 5; 14, 45 (1); 35 (1); cf. R.A. 6809; FC 79
5. Contracts
NCC 1327 NCC 1390 (par. 1), 1403 (par. 3) NCC 1397,
1399 NCC 1489 NCC 1426 - 1427
Mercado v. Espiritu 37 Phil 215
Bambalan v. Maramba 51 Phil 417
Suan Chian v. Alcantara 85 Phil 669
Braganza v. Villa-Abrille 105 Phil 456
6. Criminal liability
RPC 12 (2) - (3); RPC 13 (2); PD 603 Secs. 189 – 204 Also see: Rule 3,
Section 5 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure Juvenile Justice Law, Secs 6
and 7
Atizado vs People, GR No. 173822, October 13, 2010
(b) Insanity, FC 45 (2), NCC 1327
(1), 1328
1. Marriage, FC 45 (2), Art. 79
2. Contracts, NCC 1327 (1), 1328
3. Criminal liability,
RPC 12 (1) Rule 101, Rules of Court
US v. Vaguilar, 27 Phil 88
People v. Rafanan 204 SCRA 65
Standard Oil v. Arenas, GR No. L-5921, July 25, 1911
(c) Deaf-Mutism, NCC 1327 (2), 807 & 820
(d) Prodigality, ROC Rule 92 Sec. 2
(e) Civil Interdiction, RPC 31, 34, 41
(f) Family Relations, FC 150-151; cf. FC 87, NCC 1490, NCC 2035,cf. NCC 963-
967
(g) Alienage, cf. Art. IV, Secs. 1-5, 1987 Constitution
Cordora vs COMELEC, February 19, 2009
Reyes v COMELEC, G.R. No. 207264, June 25, 2013
David v Agbay, G.R. No. 199113 March 18, 2015
(h) Absence, NCC 381 – 396, FC 41
Olaguer v Purugganan, GR 158907, February 12, 2007
(I) Insolvency and Trusteeship, NCC 1381, 1491, 2236
Umale v ASB Realty, GR 181126, June 15, 2011
1. (j) Gender, Art. II, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution; cf. NCC 403 See also: Rule 3 Section
4, 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure
(k) Physical Incapacity/Disease, FC 45(5), 45(6), 46, NCC 820
Heirs of Favis, Sr. v Gonzales, et al., GR. No. 185922, Jan. 15, 2014
B. CITIZENSHIP AND DOMICILE Art. IV, Sec. 1, 1987 Constitution, NCC 50 FC 68-
69, cf. NCC 110, cf. FC 55, 101, 152
Romualdez-Marcos vs COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300
Jalosjos v COMELEC, GR 191970, April 24, 2012 SEE ALSO FOR REFERENCE:
Mary Grace Natividad S. Poe Llamanzares vs. Commission on Elections,
G.R. Nos. 221697 & 221698700. April 5, 2016
C. SURNAMES NCC 364-380, RA 9255, FC 176
Naldoza v Republic, G.R. No. L-55538 March 15, 1982
Yasin v. Hon. Judge Shari’a Court G.R. No. 94986 (1995)
In re: Stephanie Garcia, G.R. No. 148311, March 31, 2005.
Remo v DFA, March 5, 2010
Grande v Antonio, G.R. No. 206248, February 18, 2014
D. EMANCIPATION RA 6809
a. Cause of emancipation, FC 234 as amended
b. Effect of emancipation, FC 236 as amended cf. FC 15, NCC 2180, FC
221
E. RULES GOVERNING PERSONS WHO ARE ABSENT NCC 381-383, 384-389,
FC 96, 101, 124, NCC 390-396, FC 41
 ` Reyes v. Alejandro, 141 SCRA 65
Eastern Shipping v. Lucero, 124 SCRA 425
Manuel vs. People, G.R. No. 165842, Nov. 29, 2005
Pantollano v Korphil, GR 169575, March 30, 2011
Rep. vs Granada, GR 187512, June 13, 2012
Rep. vs Narceda, GR 192760, April 10, 2013
Republic v Hon. Estrada, G.R. No. 214792, March 18, 2015
E. FUNERALS NCC 305-310, FC 195
F. ENTRIES IN THE CIVIL REGISTER NCC 407-413, RA 9048, as amended by Rep.
Act No. 101752 Rule 108, Rules of Court
Dela Cruz v Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009
Braza v Registrar, G.R. No. 181174, December 4, 2009
Corpus v Sto. Tomas, GR 18671, Aug. 11, 2010
Iwasawa vs Gangan, G.R. No. 204169, SEP 11, 2013
Republic v Olaybar, G.R. No. 189538, February 10, 2014
Barcelote v Republic, G.R. No. 222095, August 7, 2017

(NB: Additional cases may be given from time to time, either in the class or posted ahead
in your google classroom. HIGHLIGHTED CASES FOR DISCUSSION DURING CLASS
SESSION )

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