Terms and Definition in Special Crime Investigation: Qualities of Investigator

Module 1
Lesson Objective:
1. define criminal investigation
2. discuss the qualities of investigator
3. discuss the three tools of criminal investigation
4. explain the four methods of crime scene search
SPECIAL CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
Terms and definition in Special Crime Investigation
Criminal Investigator – he is the skilled person who is charged with the duty of conducting
criminal investigation when crime is committed.
Crime scene – is the place where the crime or offense is committed.
Qualities of investigator
1. Perseverance – steadfastness, persistence and resolution to bring the desired conclusion in
spite of obstacles connected with criminal investigation.
2. endurance – it is the ability to last physically and mentally, enduring sleepless nights and
tiresome days.
3. Incorruptible honesty and integrity – the ability to resist or avoid temptations.
4. The intelligence and Wisdom of Solomon – this is the ability of the investigator to decipher
falsehood from truth and separate grain from the chaff.
5. The knowledge of psychology and other natural science – the investigator must know the
different patterns of human behavior, the prevailing situations in a specific environment and
the laws of nature in order to detect deceptions and lies.
6. Acting Ability – the ability to go down to the level of the minor, the prostitute and slum
dwellers, or the level of the other professionals or the members of the elite.
7. Mastery of Oral and written communication – the investigator must know how to
communicate with the people in the community through oral or written form.
8. The keen power of observation and description – the investigator must know how to
observe and describe accurately especially in crime scene investigation.
9. Courage – the moral fortitude to tell the truth no matter who will be hurt.
10. Working knowledge of criminal law, evidence, criminal procedure and penal
special laws.
11. Sense of justice and fair play
12. The power to “read between the lines”
13. working knowledge of martial arts and firearms proficiency – extra skills that can
be use by the investigator in situation like arresting and interrogating a certain suspect.
THE THREE TOOLS OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
Information the knowledge of facts that the investigator had gathered or acquired from persons or
documents, which are pertinent or relevant concerning the commission of a crime or criminal
activities.
INFORMATION CLASSIFIED AS TO SOURCES:
Regular sources – records, files from government or non-government agencies, news items, TV
broadcast, intercepted radio, telephone messages and stored computer data.
Cultivated sources – these are information’s furnished by informants or informer.
Grapevine sources – these are information coming from the underworld characters such as
prisoners or ex-convicts.
Interrogation the process of obtaining an admission from those suspect who have committed a
crime. it is confrontational in nature. The term interrogation also applies to an uncooperative or
reluctant witness. This kind of witness is treated as suspect in order that he will divulge the
information needed by the investigator.
Field Inquiry – it is the general questioning of all persons at the crime scene conducted by the
investigator.
Instrumentation it is the process of applying instruments or tools of police sciences in criminal

investigation and detection. the use of the police laboratory in the examination of physical evidence,
such as forensic ballistics and other sciences. This is sometimes called criminalistics.
THE FIVE METHODS OF CRIME SCENE SEARCH
STRIP METHOD - the searches proceed slowly at the same place along the path parallel to one
side of the rectangle. at the end of rectangle, the searchers turn and proceed back along new lanes
but parallel to the movement.
THE DOUBLE STRIP OR GRID METHOD – it has the same process as that of the strip method but
with modification that the lanes covered by the strip method is reprocessed twice.
THE SPIRAL OR CIRCULAR METHOD – the searchers follow each other in a part of spiral,
beginning in the outside and spiraling towards the center of the scene.
ZONE METHOD – the area divided into quadrants and each searchers as assigned to his specific
quadrant. This method is sometimes called quadrant method.
THE WHEEL, RADIAL OR SPOKE METHOD – this method is applied if the area to be searched is
approximately circular or oval. The searchers gather at the center and proceed outward a radii or
spokes. The setback of this method is that the distance of the searches increase as they proceed
outward.
SKETCHING THE CRIME SCENE

Sketch it is the graphic representation of the crime scene. With complete measurements of the
relative distances of relevant objects and conditions obtaining therein.
The General Kinds of Sketch

 Rough Sketch – it is made by the investigator at the crime scene which is full of important
details. this is used as the basis for the finished sketch.
 Finished Sketch – this sketch with a scale proportion and drawn by a draftsman. The rough
Sketch and finished sketch are for courtroom presentation.
CRIME RECONSTRUCTION
Reconstructing the crime – it is the assessment made by the investigator after the crime scene
investigation of how the crime is committed.
KINDS OF RECONSTRUCTING THE CRIME
Physical Reconstructions – reconstructing the crime is based on the physical appearance of the
crime scene mainly focused on the pieces of physical evidence. And the accounts of witness and
suspects.
Mental Reconstruction – based on the physical reconstruction, some conclusions could be
formulated taking into account all available pieces of evidence.

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Terms and Definition in Special Crime Investigation: Qualities of Investigator

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Module 1

SPECIAL CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

Terms and definition in Special Crime Investigation

THE THREE TOOLS OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION

Instrumentation it is the process of applying instruments or tools of police sciences in criminal

THE FIVE METHODS OF CRIME SCENE SEARCH

SKETCHING THE CRIME SCENE

The General Kinds of Sketch

KINDS OF RECONSTRUCTING THE CRIME

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