Chapter 1: "Phased Array Introduction and Principles": Practice Questions

Chapter 1: “Phased Array Introduction and
Principles”
Practice Questions
1) Of the list below what companies fall within the MET Group?
a) UT Inspection
b) Metegrity
c) UT Technology
d) Metalogic Inspection Services
e) UT Quality
2) Metegrity specializes in ________.
a) vessel fabrication
b) pipeline construction and integrity
c) inspection software development and applications
d) computer database integration
3) Briefly describe the relationship between UT Quality and UT Technology in

terms of how they support each other.
4) The definition of Phased Array is:
a) An array of transducer elements in which the timing of the elements'

excitation can be individually controlled to produce certain desired effects,
such as steering the beam axis or focusing the beam.
b) An array of transducers within a probe casing in which the timing is

shifted to control the beam axis for steering and focusing purposes.
c) An array of elements in which are electronically “phased” through pulse

echo techniques to form a focused and “steered” beam axis.
d) An array of transducer elements in which the timing of the elements'
excitation can be individually controlled through time of flight techniques to
produce certain desired beam effects.
5) Phased array technology is the ability to modify electronically the acoustic
probe characteristics.
a) True
b) False
6) Which one of the following statements “relate” to phased array technology.
a) Probe modifications are performed by introducing time shifts in the

signals sent (pulse) and received (echo) from individual elements of an
array probe
b) Probe modifications are performed by introducing more than one piezzo

composite material within a probes aperture as individual elements. They
may then be pulsed simultaneously to receive the desired beam
characteristics.
c) Probe modifications are performed by introducing pulse echo and time of

flight techniques to receive the desired beam characteristics.
7) Any UT technique for flaw detection and sizing can be applied using phased
array probes.
a) True
b) False
8) Circle the below answers that explain why we used phased array technology for
inspection applications.
a) High speed electronic scanning without moving parts.
b) Improved inspection capabilities through software control of beam

characteristics.
c) Inspection with multiple angles with a single, electronically controlled probe.
d) Many configurationsà P/E, TOFD, Tandem
e) To eliminate all other inspection techniques used in industry

f) Greater flexibility for inspection of complex geometries, ex Optimized
focusing, Optimized beam angle
9) Which of the following statements are true:
a) When multiplexing, no probe movement is required to “see” a cross section

of the component
b) No rastering required on certain welds, due to the sound “flooding” the part
c) No need to switch wedges and set-up’s for different angle. All angle are in
one scan.
d) Visual representation of the defect is seen on the screen and can be

recorded
e) Easier and more precise defect characterization and sizing
f) All of the above
10) Basically, a phased-array is a long conventional probe cut into many individual
elements.
a) True
b) False
11) What probe type does the picture below describe?
a) Matrix
b) 2D Linear Array
c) Circular
d) 1D Linear Array
e) Semi Circular
12) On the list of statements below mark an “UT” for those that relate to
conventional pulse echo ultrasonics, a “PA” for phased array, and a “B” for both
___ One crystal involved (or two)

___ Aperture and frequency define acoustic field
___ Single beam inspection only
___ Mountable wedges for sound refraction
___ A-scan signal acquired
___ Exit point movement
___ Time and amplitude gating functions only
___ Only one angle inspection per transducer
___ Requires a lot of probe movement
___ Requires qualified people
___ Imaging the region of interest at once
___ Less requirement on probe position
___ Uses multiple angles
___ More reliable and repeatable inspections
___ Recordable inspections
___ Easy for operator to concentrate
___ More expensive apparatus (50k – 150kUSD)
___ No exit point movement
___ More complex equipment (bug repair…)
___ Many imaging capabilities
13) Which of the following statements are true and false?
___ Phased arrays change the physics of ultrasound
___ PA’s are merely a method of generating and receiving a signal
___ If you obtain X dB using conventional UT, you should obtain the same
signal amplitude using PA’s.
14) Circle the typical probe designs
a) Linear Array
b) Volumetric Array
c) Circular
c) Triangular
d) Matrix Array
15) Ultrasonic phased arrays consist of a series of individual elements with one
connector and time delay circuit.
a) True
b) False
16) Name the probe design most commonly used for weld inspections?
17) In phased array inspection elements are acoustically insulated from each
other, pulsed individually or in groups, and have pre-calculated time delays for
each element.
a)True
b) False

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Chapter 1: “Phased Array Introduction and

2) Metegrity specializes in ________.

3) Briefly describe the relationship between UT Quality and UT Technology in

4) The definition of Phased Array is:

a) An array of transducer elements in which the timing of the elements'

b) An array of transducers within a probe casing in which the timing is

c) An array of elements in which are electronically “phased” through pulse

6) Which one of the following statements “relate” to phased array technology.

a) Probe modifications are performed by introducing time shifts in the

b) Probe modifications are performed by introducing more than one piezzo

c) Probe modifications are performed by introducing pulse echo and time of

a) High speed electronic scanning without moving parts.

b) Improved inspection capabilities through software control of beam

c) Inspection with multiple angles with a single, electronically controlled probe.

d) Many configurationsà P/E, TOFD, Tandem

e) To eliminate all other inspection techniques used in industry

a) When multiplexing, no probe movement is required to “see” a cross section

d) Visual representation of the defect is seen on the screen and can be

e) Easier and more precise defect characterization and sizing

f) All of the above

11) What probe type does the picture below describe?

___ One crystal involved (or two)

13) Which of the following statements are true and false?

___ Phased arrays change the physics of ultrasound

___ PA’s are merely a method of generating and receiving a signal

14) Circle the typical probe designs

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