Characteristics of New Oil Soluble PAGs
Characteristics of New Oil Soluble PAGs
Characteristics of New Oil Soluble PAGs
Polyalkylene Glycols
OSP
STLE HOUSTON CHAPTER
FEBURARY 9, 2011
[email protected]
Tel: 1-979-238-4045
Introduction
• New OSP technology offers many benefits in lubricant
formulations
• OSPs offer options to upgrade hydrocarbon oils to boost
viscosity index and improve deposit control
• OSPs can provide improved friction control when used as
an additive. They may provide an alternative to synthetic
esters as friction modifiers.
• The flexibility of PAG chemistry provides a huge amount of
space for innovation and providing solutions to
specifications and standards of the future
Evolution to OSP™ technology
H 2C CH2 H 2C CH CH3
O O R=H, CH3
• Polymers can be designed having a wide range of viscosities (10-20,000 cSt at 40oC)
• Extremely versatile and can be tailored designed to have many specific functionalities
Traditional PAGs – Benefits & Perceived Challenges
BENEFITS CHALLENGE
Oil miscibility of
Homo-polymers H 2C CH R
O
Increasing the carbon to oxygen ratio H2C CH Higher alpha-
in PAGs improves oil miscibility O olefin oxides
Styrene
O Oxide
H2C CH CH2 CH3
O THF
Non-Polar
PAO- Poly Alpha Olefin- Synthetic Hydrocarbon Oil Group IV Heavily additized for
oxidation stability and
has poor solvency
R1 O O O R2
O O O O
oxidatively stable
H(Me) H(Me)
with high VI
H(Me)
Oxidation Processes Comparison
Temperature,
System, &
time
Additional degradation may
Low MW occur, but by-products
Polar Fluid Polar By-Products Homogeneous remain in solution
Solution
Controlling Deposit Formation using PAGs
Gas turbine
Flash Point (COC), Fire Point, Four ball wear, Pour Point,
Grade oC oC mm oC
Use of OSPs
Expansion of formulators options
Primary base oil in formulations
• Compressor/refrigeration oils
• Hydraulic fluids
• Gear & Bearing Oils
• Engine/transmission Oils
Co-base oil
• Upgrade Group I-III mineral oils
• Upgrade PAO’s
• Improve additive solubility
Additives
• Deposit control additive
• Friction modifier
• Viscosity builder in mineral oils
Miscibility of OSPs in Common Base Oils
Typical Miscibility Features
Chemistry OSP/Base Oil OSP/Base Oil OSP/Base Oil
10/90 w/w 50/50 w/w 90/10 w/w
Group I Mineral oils Miscible Miscible Miscible
Group II and III Mineral Miscible Miscible Miscible
oils
PAO-4, 6, 8 Miscible Miscible Miscible
PAO-40 Partial Partial Partial
Miscible Miscible Miscible
Diesters & Polyol esters Miscible Miscible Miscible
Naphthenics Miscible Miscible Miscible
PAG’s - PO homo- Miscible Miscible Miscible
polymers
Miscibility defined as clear homogeneous solutions before and after storing at ambient
temperature and 80oC for 168 hours
•Example above shows specifically OSP-46 / OSP-36 fully miscible with PAO-40
•Miscibility improvements ongoing with higher viscosity PAOs
Stribeck Curves of OSPs versus Conventional PAGs (ISO VG-46)
Stribeck curv e s at 40oC, SRR = 50%, Pre ssure 1.1GPa Traction coefficients were
0.12 measured on a Mini Traction
Machine with a ¾ inch steel ball
rotating on a steel disk
0.1
EO/PO Random
Traction coefficient
0.08 copolymer
Friction coefficients
EO/PO< PO/BO < PO
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Speed, m m /sec
0.12
Copolymer
0.08
PO Homopolymer
0.06
PO/BO copolymer
0.04
0.02
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000
Speed, m m /sec
Friction Performance of OSPs as Additives
PAO
Friction coefficient
Under high contact pressures, OSPs impart friction reducing properties in hydrocarbon base
stocks. The polar nature of PAGs helps migration to the metal surface. Mechanism of action
is being studied
Friction Performance of OSPs as Additives in PAO
Mini-traction machine, steel ball on steel disc, temperature 80oC, , SRR = 10%, Pressure = 0.9GPa
0.4
0.35
0.3
Friction Coefficient
0.25 PAO
PAO + 10% OSP
0.2 PAO + 8% OSP
PAO + 5% OSP
0.15 PAO + 8% Polyol ester
0.1
0.05
0
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Time (s)
OSP’s may offer another choice to esters and other film forming additives
Deposit Control : Extended ASTM D2893 at 120°C
Deposit
formation
0d 50d
Deposit
free
0d 50d
Oxidation Stability Using RPVOT Method
Method used was ASTM D2272 Rotary Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test
NOACK Volatility
30
Virgin OSP Temperature = 250oC
25 Base Oil
20
1% AO
15
10 2% AO
5
0
OSP-32 OSP-46 OSP-68 OSP-150 OSP-220
Viscosity Grade
Additive Uses
PAGs are being used in grease formulations. OSP 220 has been used for Li
complex grease formulation.
Conclusions
• The formulators and researchers have another option for using PAGs
as a “tool” for solving some of our industry problems.
• Formulators can now use Oil Soluble PAGs as a primary base oil, a
co-base oil or as an additive in formulations
• Equipment conversions from hydrocarbon oils to Oil Soluble PAGs is
simpler and less problematical
• OSPs offer options to upgrade hydrocarbon oils to boost viscosity
index and improve deposit control
• OSPs can provide improved friction control when used as an additive.
They may provide an alternative to synthetic esters as friction
modifiers.
• The flexibility of PAG chemistry provides a huge amount of space for
innovation and providing solutions to specifications and standards of
the future
THANK YOU
Questions:
[email protected]
Tel:979-238-4045