Person Place Thing: Man River Dog Mrs. Jones Paris Book Doctor Mountain S Sports Car Maddie Home Ferrari
Person Place Thing: Man River Dog Mrs. Jones Paris Book Doctor Mountain S Sports Car Maddie Home Ferrari
Person Place Thing: Man River Dog Mrs. Jones Paris Book Doctor Mountain S Sports Car Maddie Home Ferrari
Nouns
A noun is a kind of word that is usually the name of something such as a person,
place, thing, animal, or idea. In English, nouns can be singular or plural.
Concrete nouns name people, places, or things that you can touch, see, hear,
smell, or taste.
Idea Emotion
love happiness
intelligenc anger
e
justice excitemen
t
religion fear
time surprise
Pronouns
A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun in a sentence. Pronouns are used to
avoid repeating the same nouns over and over again. For example, ‘’Jeremy ran so
fast, you’d think his life was on the line.’’ The pronoun ‘’his’’ saved us from
repeating the name Jeremy again.
Pronoun examples: I, me, we, they, you, he, she, it, yours, himself, ourselves, its,
my, that, this, those, us, who, whom…
SUBJECT PRONOUNS
Subject pronouns replace nouns that are the subject of their clause. In the 3rd
person, subject pronouns are often used to avoid repetition of the subject's name.
EXAMPLES
I am 16.
You seem lost.
Jim is angry, and he wants Sally to apologize.
This table is old. It needs to be repainted.
OBJECT PRONOUNS
Object pronouns are used to replace nouns that are the direct or indirect object of a
clause.
EXAMPLES
Give the book to me.
The teacher wants to talk to you.
Jake is hurt because Bill hit him.
Rachid recieved a letter from her last week.
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
Possessive pronouns replace possessive nouns as either the subject or the object
of a clause. Because the noun being replaced doesn't appear in the sentence, it
must be clear from the context.
EXAMPLES
This bag is mine.
Yours is not blue.
That bag looks like his.
Intensive pronouns emphasize the subject of a clause. They are not the object of
the action. The intensive pronoun can always be removed from a sentence without
changing the meaning significantly, although the emphasis on the subject will be
removed.
EXAMPLES
I made these cookies myself.
You yourself asked Jake to come.
The Pope himself pardoned Mr. Brown.
My teacher didn't know the answer herself.
Verb conjugations
Simple present
Simple present is often the same as the verb in the infinitive, it only changes in the
third person singular, where the -s is put at the end.
And it is used to talk about habits, routines, and things that do not change.
I work.
You work.
He works.
She works.
It works.
We work.
They work.
Present Continuous
Present continuous is used to talk about right now, and uses a form of to be in the
present tense: am / is / are + a gerund.
I am working.
You are working.
He is working.
She is working.
It is working.
We are working.
They are working.
Present Perfect
It uses have / has + past participle.
I have worked.
You have worked.
He has worked.
She has worked.
It has worked.
We have worked.
They have worked.
Simple Past
Simple past tense has many irregular verbs. But regular verbs end in -ed. The
complicated thing there is the pronunciation.
I worked.
You worked.
He worked.
She worked.
It worked.
We worked.
They worked.
Past Continuous
The past continuous is formed with was / were + gerund. Logically, it is used for
continuous action at a time in the past.
I was working.
You were working.
He was working.
She was working.
We were working.
They were working.
Past Perfect
Past perfect is formed with had + a past participle. It is used for a past action
Simple Future
Simple future is said for the future with will + infinitive. We also have a future with
going to, and other uses of will as the first conditional.
I will work.
You will work
He will work.
She will work.
It will work.
We will work.
They will work.
Future Continuous
The future continuous is formed with will be + gerund. It is used for continuous
action at a time in the future.
I will be working.
You will be working.
He will be working.
She will be working.
It will be working.
They will be working.
Perfect Future
The perfect future is formed with will have + a past participle. It is used for
something you will do in the future before something else in the future - and of
course, there are more elegant ways to do it. These complex times are not used
much. In any case, at the conjugation...
The subject is the star of the sentence; it's the person, place, animal, thing,
or idea that's being described or performing the action. Not every
sentence needs a subject. An example might be, "Run!" Still, you're going
to find them in much of your reading and writing. Here are some
examples:
Morocco boasts some of the most fabulous resorts.
The coffee shop features the most tantalizing aromas.
Her hair changes color every week.
Predicates Express Action
Some of the most basic and important English grammar rules relate
directly to sentence structure. These rules specify that:
A singular subject needs a singular predicate.
A sentence needs to express a complete thought.
Another term for a sentence is an independent clause:
Clauses, like any sentence, have a subject and predicate too. If a
group of words does not have a subject and predicate, it's merely a
phrase.
If a clause can stand alone and make a complete thought, then it is
independent and can be considered a sentence.
If clauses do not express a complete thought, they are
called dependent clauses. An example of a dependent clause, which is not
a sentence, is "...when I finish my work." A dependent clause needs an
independent clause to make it whole.
As we can see, a single sentence can be filled with many different parts
of speech. But, at its core, a basic positive sentence in English will
generally adhere to the following formulas:
subject + predicate
subject + verb + direct object
Then, there are indirect objects. Indirect objects are receivers of the direct
object. For example:
James gave Katherine a new diamond necklace.
I made my dog homemade biscuits.
She baked her husband some chocolate chip cookies.
Once you've constructed a cohesive sentence with all the right elements,
including subjects, verbs, and information-providers, it's time to separate
those words with proper punctuation.
ESPAÑOL
Sustantivos
Un sustantivo es un tipo de palabra que generalmente es el nombre de algo como
una persona, lugar, cosa, animal o idea. En inglés, los sustantivos pueden ser
singulares o plurales.
Los sustantivos concretos nombran personas, lugares o cosas que puedes tocar,
ver, oír, oler o probar.
Idea Emoción
amor felicidad
inteligenci rabia
a
justicia alegría
Idea Emoción
religión miedo
tiempo sorpres
a
Pronombres
Un pronombre es una palabra que reemplaza un sustantivo en una oración. Los
pronombres se usan para evitar repetir los mismos sustantivos una y otra vez. Por
ejemplo, "Jeremy corrió tan rápido que pensarías que su vida estaba en juego". "El
pronombre ‘’su’’ nos salvó de repetir el nombre Jeremy nuevamente.
Ejemplos de pronombres: yo, yo, nosotros, ellos, usted, él, ella, eso, lo suyo, él
mismo, nosotros mismos, es, mi, eso, esto, esos, nosotros, quién, quién...
PRONOMBRES DE SUJETOS
Los pronombres de sujetos reemplazan los sustantivos que son el sujeto de su
cláusula. En tercera persona, los pronombres de sujeto se usan a menudo para
evitar la repetición del nombre del sujeto.
EJEMPLOS
Tengo 16 años.
Tú pareces perdido.
Jim está enojado y él quiere que Sally se disculpe.
Esta mesa es vieja. Ella necesita ser repintada.
PRONOMBRES DE OBJETOS
Los pronombres de objeto se usan para reemplazar sustantivos que son el objeto
directo o indirecto de una cláusula.
EJEMPLOS
Darme el libro a mí.
El profesor quiere hablarte a ti.
Jake está herido porque Bill lo golpeó a él.
Rachid recibió una carta de ella la semana pasada.
PRONOMBRES POSESIVOS
Los pronombres posesivos reemplazan a los sustantivos posesivos como sujeto o
como objeto de una cláusula. Debido a que el sustantivo que se reemplaza no
aparece en la oración, debe quedar claro por el contexto.
EJEMPLOS
Esta bolsa es mía.
El tuyo no es azul.
Esa bolsa se parece a la suya.
Estoy trabajando.
Estás trabajando.
Él está trabajando.
Ella está trabajando.
Está funcionando.
Estamos trabajando.
Están trabajando.
He trabajado.
Has trabajado.
Él ha trabajado.
Ella ha trabajado.
Ha funcionado.
Hemos trabajado.
Han trabajado.
Simple Past
El pasado simple tiene muchos verbos irregulares. Pero los verbos regulares
terminan en -ed. Ahí lo complicado es la pronunciación.
Yo trabajé.
Tú trabajaste.
Él trabajó.
Ella trabajó.
Eso funcionó.
Nosotros trabajamos.
Ellos trabajaron.
Pasado Continuo
El pasado continuo se forma con was / were + gerundio. Se usa, lógicamente,
para una acción continua a un momento en el pasado.
Yo estaba trabajando.
Estabas trabajando
Él estaba trabajando.
Ella estaba trabajando.
Estábamos trabajando.
Ellos estaban trabajando.
Pasado Perfecto
El pasado perfecto se forma con tenía + un participio pasado. Se usa para una
acción en pasado antes de otro momento en pasado.
Yo he trabajado.
Tu has trabajado
Él había trabajado.
Ella había trabajado.
Habíamos trabajado
Habían trabajado.
Futuro Simple
Se dice futuro simple para el futuro con infinitivo + ás/é/á/emos. También tenemos
futuro con ir, y otros usos de voluntad como primer condicional.
Yo trabajaré.
Tú trabajarás
Él trabajará.
Ella trabajará.
Eso funcionará.
Nosotros trabajaremos.
Ellos van a trabajar.
Futuro Continuo
El futuro continuo se forma con será + gerundio. Se usa para una acción continua
a un momento en el futuro.
Estaré trabajando.
Estarás trabajando.
El estará trabajando.
Ella estará trabajando.
Estará funcionando.
Estarán trabajando.
Futuro Perfecto
El futuro perfecto se forma con tendrá + un participio pasado. Se usa para algo
que harás en el futuro antes de otra cosa en el futuro - y claro, hay formas más
elegantes de hacerlo. Estos tiempos complejos no se usan mucho.
En todo caso, la conjugación...
Yo habré trabajado.
Tú habrás trabajado
El habrá trabajado.
Ella habrá trabajado.
Eso habrá funcionado.
Ellos habrán trabajado.